CA1126683A - Recovery of gallium from alkali metal aluminate by liquid alloy treatment and electrolysis - Google Patents
Recovery of gallium from alkali metal aluminate by liquid alloy treatment and electrolysisInfo
- Publication number
- CA1126683A CA1126683A CA293,583A CA293583A CA1126683A CA 1126683 A CA1126683 A CA 1126683A CA 293583 A CA293583 A CA 293583A CA 1126683 A CA1126683 A CA 1126683A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- gallium
- solution
- concentrate
- alkali
- solutions
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- -1 alkali metal aluminate Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910000807 Ga alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 143
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000010210 aluminium Nutrition 0.000 description 41
- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 34
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052664 nepheline Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010434 nepheline Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229940024545 aluminum hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 5
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- YALHCTUQSQRCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfane sulfuric acid Chemical compound S.OS(O)(=O)=O YALHCTUQSQRCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000645 Hg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000528 Na alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical class [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GDEBSAWXIHEMNF-UHFFFAOYSA-O cupferron Chemical compound [NH4+].O=NN([O-])C1=CC=CC=C1 GDEBSAWXIHEMNF-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- HOOWDPSAHIOHCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum tricalcium oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca++].[Ca++].[Ca++] HOOWDPSAHIOHCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N digallium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ga+3].[Ga+3] AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001195 gallium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- MJGFBOZCAJSGQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury sodium Chemical compound [Na].[Hg] MJGFBOZCAJSGQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical class [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001120 potassium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001023 sodium amalgam Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulphate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadate(3-) Chemical class [O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B58/00—Obtaining gallium or indium
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SU762428006A SU734305A1 (ru) | 1976-12-22 | 1976-12-22 | Способ переработки алюминато-щелочных растворов |
| SU2428006 | 1976-12-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1126683A true CA1126683A (en) | 1982-06-29 |
Family
ID=20685893
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA293,583A Expired CA1126683A (en) | 1976-12-22 | 1977-12-21 | Recovery of gallium from alkali metal aluminate by liquid alloy treatment and electrolysis |
Country Status (9)
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5858239A (ja) * | 1981-09-30 | 1983-04-06 | Sumitomo Alum Smelt Co Ltd | 金属ガリウムの製造方法 |
| DE3719437A1 (de) * | 1987-06-11 | 1988-12-22 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur gewinnung von gallium aus basisch waessrigen natriumaluminatloesungen durch fluessig-fluessigextraktion |
| JPH0269319A (ja) * | 1988-09-02 | 1990-03-08 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | アルミニウム塩を主成分とする水溶液よりガリウムを分離する方法 |
| US7833473B2 (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2010-11-16 | General Electric Company | Material for storage and production of hydrogen, and related methods and apparatus |
| RU2684088C1 (ru) * | 2018-06-28 | 2019-04-03 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Сибирский федеральный университет" | Способ очистки дымовых газов тепловых устройств от токсичных соединений |
| CN115786714B (zh) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-07-18 | 贵州大学 | 一种棕刚玉除尘灰提取镓和铷并联产复合肥的方法 |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3170857A (en) * | 1963-03-28 | 1965-02-23 | Siemens Ag | Method for producing gallium, particularly for semiconductor purposes |
| US3094378A (en) * | 1961-09-13 | 1963-06-18 | Neil H Wolf | Process for leaching of alumina from aluminous material |
| US3677918A (en) * | 1968-10-21 | 1972-07-18 | Chuo Tatemono Co Ltd | Method for directly electrochemically extracting gallium from a circulating aluminate solution in the bayer process by eliminating impurities |
| GB1436260A (en) * | 1973-07-19 | 1976-05-19 | British Aluminium Co Ltd | Electrolytic method of extracting gallium from aluminate solutions |
| US3890427A (en) * | 1974-03-28 | 1975-06-17 | Reynolds Metals Co | Recovery of gallium |
| US4061551A (en) * | 1975-08-15 | 1977-12-06 | Raisa Vasilievna Ivanova | Process for extraction of gallium from alkaline gallium-containing solutions |
| US3988150A (en) * | 1975-10-03 | 1976-10-26 | Elena Leonidovna Shalavina | Process for extraction of gallium from sodium aluminate liquors |
-
1976
- 1976-12-22 SU SU762428006A patent/SU734305A1/ru active
-
1977
- 1977-12-15 NO NO774334A patent/NO150321C/no unknown
- 1977-12-19 US US05/862,201 patent/US4135917A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1977-12-19 PT PT67421A patent/PT67421B/pt unknown
- 1977-12-21 DE DE2757068A patent/DE2757068C3/de not_active Expired
- 1977-12-21 CA CA293,583A patent/CA1126683A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-12-21 SE SE7714609A patent/SE422960B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-12-22 JP JP52153657A patent/JPS589820B2/ja not_active Expired
-
1978
- 1978-01-02 MX MX171838A patent/MX148901A/es unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO150321C (no) | 1984-09-26 |
| JPS5395115A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1978-08-19 |
| DE2757068B2 (de) | 1980-12-18 |
| DE2757068A1 (de) | 1978-07-06 |
| US4135917A (en) | 1979-01-23 |
| NO774334L (no) | 1978-06-23 |
| PT67421A (en) | 1978-01-01 |
| PT67421B (en) | 1979-05-23 |
| MX148901A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1983-06-30 |
| NO150321B (no) | 1984-06-18 |
| SU734305A1 (ru) | 1980-05-15 |
| SE7714609L (sv) | 1978-06-23 |
| JPS589820B2 (ja) | 1983-02-23 |
| DE2757068C3 (de) | 1981-07-30 |
| SE422960B (sv) | 1982-04-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |