CA1123813A - Poudres d'aluminosilicate - Google Patents
Poudres d'aluminosilicateInfo
- Publication number
- CA1123813A CA1123813A CA285,851A CA285851A CA1123813A CA 1123813 A CA1123813 A CA 1123813A CA 285851 A CA285851 A CA 285851A CA 1123813 A CA1123813 A CA 1123813A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- sol
- aluminosilicate
- particles
- composition
- heel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 209
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 201
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 302
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 233
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 218
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- -1 ammonium ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- KVOIJEARBNBHHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [K+].[O-][Al]=O KVOIJEARBNBHHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 104
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 54
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000007686 potassium Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 229960003975 potassium Drugs 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N thorium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Th]=O ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- FQLQNUZHYYPPBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;azane Chemical compound N.[K+] FQLQNUZHYYPPBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 49
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 49
- 235000015424 sodium Nutrition 0.000 description 49
- 229940083542 sodium Drugs 0.000 description 49
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 47
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 229940032158 sodium silicate Drugs 0.000 description 35
- 235000019794 sodium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 35
- XREXPQGDOPQPAH-QKUPJAQQSA-K trisodium;[(z)-18-[1,3-bis[[(z)-12-sulfonatooxyoctadec-9-enoyl]oxy]propan-2-yloxy]-18-oxooctadec-9-en-7-yl] sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].CCCCCCC(OS([O-])(=O)=O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(CCCCCC)OS([O-])(=O)=O)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(CCCCCC)OS([O-])(=O)=O XREXPQGDOPQPAH-QKUPJAQQSA-K 0.000 description 32
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 29
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 27
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 27
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 26
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 25
- 229960005419 nitrogen Drugs 0.000 description 24
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 23
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 20
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 17
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910000503 Na-aluminosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000000429 sodium aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 14
- 235000012217 sodium aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 13
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 12
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 9
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 7
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SXQXMCWCWVCFPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Al+3].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O SXQXMCWCWVCFPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229920001429 chelating resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 5
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000010210 aluminium Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910001423 beryllium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004455 differential thermal analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940036310 program Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000004627 transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 3
- HNRMPXKDFBEGFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylbutane Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)C HNRMPXKDFBEGFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;trihydroxy(trihydroxysilyloxy)silane;hydrate Chemical class O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O[Si](O)(O)O HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003426 co-catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012013 faujasite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003956 methylamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclopentane Chemical compound CC1CCCC1 GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003053 polystyrene-divinylbenzene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940074415 potassium silicate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 2
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- PXRKCOCTEMYUEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-aminoisoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound NC1=CC=C2C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1 PXRKCOCTEMYUEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KSSJBGNOJJETTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N COC1=C(C=CC=C1)N(C1=CC=2C3(C4=CC(=CC=C4C=2C=C1)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1C=1C=CC(=CC=13)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC Chemical compound COC1=C(C=CC=C1)N(C1=CC=2C3(C4=CC(=CC=C4C=2C=C1)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1C=1C=CC(=CC=13)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC KSSJBGNOJJETTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001441571 Hiodontidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical group [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 241000357437 Mola Species 0.000 description 1
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- NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium ion Chemical group [K+] NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 102100034742 Rotatin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710200213 Rotatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000212342 Sium Species 0.000 description 1
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical group [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYVGBNGTBQLJBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopentyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1CCC(CO)C1 AYVGBNGTBQLJBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052767 actinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QQINRWTZWGJFDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N actinium atom Chemical compound [Ac] QQINRWTZWGJFDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004931 aggregating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
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- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical group [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001833 catalytic reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000332 continued effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- MCWXGJITAZMZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoate Chemical compound CNC(=O)CSP(=S)(OC)OC MCWXGJITAZMZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002036 drum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101150085091 lat-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001455 metallic ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NOUWNNABOUGTDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCC[CH2+] NOUWNNABOUGTDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002892 organic cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001139 pH measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HYERJXDYFLQTGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium Chemical compound [Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re][Re] HYERJXDYFLQTGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical group [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940045919 sodium polymetaphosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GKLVYJBZJHMRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N technetium atom Chemical compound [Tc] GKLVYJBZJHMRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium Chemical compound [U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U] DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/20—Silicates
- C01B33/36—Silicates having base-exchange properties but not having molecular sieve properties
- C01B33/38—Layered base-exchange silicates, e.g. clays, micas or alkali metal silicates of kenyaite or magadiite type
- C01B33/42—Micas ; Interstratified clay-mica products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/12—Silica and alumina
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
- B01J35/51—Spheres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0215—Coating
- B01J37/0221—Coating of particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/20—Silicates
- C01B33/26—Aluminium-containing silicates, i.e. silico-aluminates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/20—Silicates
- C01B33/36—Silicates having base-exchange properties but not having molecular sieve properties
- C01B33/38—Layered base-exchange silicates, e.g. clays, micas or alkali metal silicates of kenyaite or magadiite type
- C01B33/40—Clays
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/20—Silicates
- C01B33/36—Silicates having base-exchange properties but not having molecular sieve properties
- C01B33/46—Amorphous silicates, e.g. so-called "amorphous zeolites"
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/084,403 US4272409A (en) | 1977-08-31 | 1979-10-12 | Aluminosilicate sols and powders |
| US06/084,404 US4257874A (en) | 1977-08-31 | 1979-10-12 | Petroleum refinery processes using catalyst of aluminosilicate sols and powders |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US71971776A | 1976-09-02 | 1976-09-02 | |
| US719,717 | 1976-09-02 | ||
| US80936277A | 1977-06-24 | 1977-06-24 | |
| US809,362 | 1977-06-24 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1123813A true CA1123813A (fr) | 1982-05-18 |
Family
ID=27110123
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA285,851A Expired CA1123813A (fr) | 1976-09-02 | 1977-08-31 | Poudres d'aluminosilicate |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5917047B2 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA1123813A (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE2739611A1 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES462104A1 (fr) |
| FR (2) | FR2363534A1 (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB1587236A (fr) |
| IT (1) | IT1193266B (fr) |
| NL (1) | NL7709692A (fr) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4877514A (en) * | 1981-12-07 | 1989-10-31 | Ashland Oil, Inc. | Carbo-metallic oil conversion process and catalysts |
| US4612298A (en) * | 1981-12-07 | 1986-09-16 | Ashland Oil, Inc. | Carbo-metallic oil conversion catalysts |
| GB2151596B (en) * | 1983-12-09 | 1987-02-18 | Coal Ind | Improvements in catalysts |
| BR9508049A (pt) * | 1994-06-17 | 1997-08-12 | Bojidara Grigorova | Catalisador |
| JPH09303576A (ja) * | 1996-05-14 | 1997-11-25 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | セラミックバルブ |
| US10227238B2 (en) | 2006-04-04 | 2019-03-12 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Production and use of polysilicate particulate materials |
| US9074118B2 (en) * | 2006-07-12 | 2015-07-07 | Cabot Microelectronics Corporation | CMP method for metal-containing substrates |
| CN101348616B (zh) * | 2007-07-17 | 2012-02-15 | 纳尔科公司 | 聚硅酸盐颗粒材料的制备和用途 |
| WO2009053275A1 (fr) * | 2007-10-24 | 2009-04-30 | Basf Se | Procédé de production d'une amine primaire ayant un atome de carbone alpha tertiaire par mise en réaction d'un alcool tertiaire avec de l'ammoniac |
| US8333835B2 (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2012-12-18 | Nalco Company | Sulfur containing silica particle |
| US8377194B2 (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2013-02-19 | Nalco Company | Sulfur containing silica particle |
| US8845991B2 (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2014-09-30 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Silica particle manufacturing process |
| US8974762B2 (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2015-03-10 | Nalco Company | Silica particle manufacturing process |
| US8936772B2 (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2015-01-20 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Silica containing particle |
| US8932549B2 (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2015-01-13 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Sulfur containing silica particle |
| WO2013052876A1 (fr) | 2011-10-07 | 2013-04-11 | Nalco Company | Procédé de traitement de courant de gaz |
| US10087081B2 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2018-10-02 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Process for producing high solids colloidal silica |
| WO2017015180A1 (fr) | 2015-07-18 | 2017-01-26 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Additifs chimiques pour l'amélioration du déshuilage dans des opérations de traitement de résidus de distillation |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2913419A (en) * | 1956-04-18 | 1959-11-17 | Du Pont | Chemical process and composition |
| US2941958A (en) * | 1957-02-04 | 1960-06-21 | Atlantic Refining Co | Use of colloidal silica in catalyst manufacture |
| FR2179279A5 (fr) * | 1972-04-04 | 1973-11-16 | Marinoni | |
| US3782075A (en) * | 1972-04-07 | 1974-01-01 | Du Pont | Completely porous microspheres for chromatographic uses |
-
1977
- 1977-08-31 CA CA285,851A patent/CA1123813A/fr not_active Expired
- 1977-09-01 IT IT7727197A patent/IT1193266B/it active
- 1977-09-01 FR FR7726541A patent/FR2363534A1/fr active Granted
- 1977-09-01 GB GB36574/77A patent/GB1587236A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-09-02 ES ES462104A patent/ES462104A1/es not_active Expired
- 1977-09-02 JP JP52106230A patent/JPS5917047B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1977-09-02 NL NL7709692A patent/NL7709692A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-09-02 DE DE19772739611 patent/DE2739611A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1978
- 1978-04-28 FR FR7812659A patent/FR2379494A1/fr active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2363534B1 (fr) | 1984-10-12 |
| IT1193266B (it) | 1988-06-15 |
| JPS5917047B2 (ja) | 1984-04-19 |
| ES462104A1 (es) | 1978-12-16 |
| JPS5330500A (en) | 1978-03-22 |
| NL7709692A (nl) | 1978-03-06 |
| FR2379494B1 (fr) | 1984-10-05 |
| FR2363534A1 (fr) | 1978-03-31 |
| DE2739611A1 (de) | 1978-03-09 |
| GB1587236A (en) | 1981-04-01 |
| FR2379494A1 (fr) | 1978-09-01 |
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