CA1113299A - Cattle food - Google Patents
Cattle foodInfo
- Publication number
- CA1113299A CA1113299A CA304,946A CA304946A CA1113299A CA 1113299 A CA1113299 A CA 1113299A CA 304946 A CA304946 A CA 304946A CA 1113299 A CA1113299 A CA 1113299A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- urea
- feedstuff
- carbohydrates
- percent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 title description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- FKWQEFWENKGUGF-VFUOTHLCSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]urea Chemical compound NC(=O)N[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O FKWQEFWENKGUGF-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 premixers Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 9
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229940077731 carbohydrate nutrients Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229960001031 glucose Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000282849 Ruminantia Species 0.000 description 6
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 6
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Natural products CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000209219 Hordeum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010046334 Urease Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006052 feed supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004767 rumen Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N D-mannopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010015776 Glucose oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004366 Glucose oxidase Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BGTOCAYOOXODIK-IOVATXLUSA-N [(3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]urea Chemical compound NC(=O)NC1OC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O BGTOCAYOOXODIK-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKWQEFWENKGUGF-QTVWNMPRSA-N [(3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]urea Chemical compound C1([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)NC(N)=O FKWQEFWENKGUGF-QTVWNMPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFLXFOWCDDYFIR-GASJEMHNSA-N [(3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]thiourea Chemical compound NC(=S)NC1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NFLXFOWCDDYFIR-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N alpha-D-galactose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N arabinose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229940116332 glucose oxidase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019420 glucose oxidase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002791 glucosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002402 hexoses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021413 well-balanced diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H13/00—Compounds containing saccharide radicals esterified by carbonic acid or derivatives thereof, or by organic acids, e.g. phosphonic acids
- C07H13/12—Compounds containing saccharide radicals esterified by carbonic acid or derivatives thereof, or by organic acids, e.g. phosphonic acids by acids having the group -X-C(=X)-X-, or halides thereof, in which each X means nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium, e.g. carbonic acid, carbamic acid
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
- A23K50/15—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants containing substances which are metabolically converted to proteins, e.g. ammonium salts or urea
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH715977A CH622936A5 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1977-06-10 | 1977-06-10 | |
| CH7159/77 | 1977-06-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1113299A true CA1113299A (en) | 1981-12-01 |
Family
ID=4320837
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA304,946A Expired CA1113299A (en) | 1977-06-10 | 1978-06-07 | Cattle food |
Country Status (16)
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2466958B1 (fr) * | 1979-10-15 | 1986-01-31 | Normandie Laitiere | Suspensions stables contenant notamment des ureides, des sucres et des cristaux de lactosyl-uree |
| JPS6018393U (ja) * | 1983-07-15 | 1985-02-07 | 日立電線株式会社 | 断熱二連被覆管 |
| JPS6040893U (ja) * | 1983-08-30 | 1985-03-22 | 日立電線株式会社 | 断熱二連被覆管 |
| FR2556566B1 (fr) * | 1983-12-15 | 1988-04-22 | Corning Glass Works | Nouveau procede de preparation d'un supplement alimentaire a base de glycosyl-uree pour ruminants et supplement alimentaire obtenu |
| US5064665A (en) * | 1987-03-23 | 1991-11-12 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Nebraska | Method of making and using a ruminant feed |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE727691C (de) * | 1936-10-07 | 1942-11-09 | Dr Karl Brandt | Verfahren zur Herstellung von physiologisch wertvollen loeslichen Amidierungsprodukten aus Kohlenhydraten und Saeureamiden |
| US2612497A (en) * | 1948-01-24 | 1952-09-30 | Hendrik W Meijer | Process for manufacture of hexose ureides and thioureides |
| US2687354A (en) * | 1951-10-13 | 1954-08-24 | Du Pont | Ruminant feed composition |
| US2748001A (en) * | 1953-08-06 | 1956-05-29 | Feed Service Corp | Feed supplements for ruminants |
| US3677767A (en) * | 1970-03-09 | 1972-07-18 | Cargill Inc | Molasses-urea reaction mixtures |
| US3873734A (en) * | 1972-02-04 | 1975-03-25 | Allied Chem | Method of producing a pelleted slow-release NPN feed for ruminants |
| US3873733A (en) * | 1972-03-13 | 1975-03-25 | Allied Chem | Method of producing a pelleted slow release NPN feed for ruminants |
| US4044156A (en) * | 1974-12-24 | 1977-08-23 | The Research Council Of Alberta | Ruminant feed supplement and process for producing same |
-
1977
- 1977-06-10 CH CH715977A patent/CH622936A5/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1978
- 1978-06-01 WO PCT/CH1978/000001 patent/WO1978000017A1/de unknown
- 1978-06-01 EP EP78900014A patent/EP0006856B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1978-06-01 DE DE7878900014T patent/DE2861049D1/de not_active Expired
- 1978-06-07 CA CA304,946A patent/CA1113299A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-06-08 FI FI781836A patent/FI781836A7/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1978-06-08 US US05/913,834 patent/US4241089A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1978-06-08 IT IT24351/78A patent/IT1096508B/it active
- 1978-06-08 AU AU36933/78A patent/AU516905B2/en not_active Expired
- 1978-06-09 BE BE188464A patent/BE867989A/xx unknown
- 1978-06-09 NL NL7806274A patent/NL7806274A/xx unknown
- 1978-06-09 ZA ZA00783326A patent/ZA783326B/xx unknown
- 1978-06-09 NZ NZ187501A patent/NZ187501A/xx unknown
- 1978-06-09 JP JP6900478A patent/JPS544768A/ja active Pending
- 1978-12-07 AT AT875778A patent/AT358911B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1979
- 1979-02-09 OA OA56734A patent/OA06570A/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU516905B2 (en) | 1981-06-25 |
| AU3693378A (en) | 1979-12-13 |
| EP0006856A1 (fr) | 1980-01-23 |
| NL7806274A (nl) | 1978-12-12 |
| NZ187501A (en) | 1979-08-31 |
| IT7824351A0 (it) | 1978-06-08 |
| DE2861049D1 (en) | 1981-11-26 |
| BE867989A (fr) | 1978-12-11 |
| CH622936A5 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1981-05-15 |
| IT1096508B (it) | 1985-08-26 |
| AT358911B (de) | 1980-10-10 |
| US4241089A (en) | 1980-12-23 |
| EP0006856B1 (fr) | 1981-09-09 |
| ATA875778A (de) | 1980-02-15 |
| WO1978000017A1 (en) | 1978-12-21 |
| JPS544768A (en) | 1979-01-13 |
| ZA783326B (en) | 1979-06-27 |
| FI781836A7 (fi) | 1978-12-11 |
| OA06570A (fr) | 1981-08-31 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |