CA1067947A - Positive temperature coefficient resistance heating elements - Google Patents
Positive temperature coefficient resistance heating elementsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1067947A CA1067947A CA234,461A CA234461A CA1067947A CA 1067947 A CA1067947 A CA 1067947A CA 234461 A CA234461 A CA 234461A CA 1067947 A CA1067947 A CA 1067947A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- article
- electrodes
- web
- polymeric material
- pair
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NSMXQKNUPPXBRG-SECBINFHSA-N (R)-lisofylline Chemical compound O=C1N(CCCC[C@H](O)C)C(=O)N(C)C2=C1N(C)C=N2 NSMXQKNUPPXBRG-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000905957 Channa melasoma Species 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101150057833 THEG gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006244 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000131 polyvinylidene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UGQZLDXDWSPAOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolo[3,4-f]isoindole-1,3,5,7-tetrone Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)NC(=O)C2=CC2=C1C(=O)NC2=O UGQZLDXDWSPAOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACXGJHCPFCFILV-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetate;3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid Chemical compound [Na+].COC1=C(Cl)C=CC(Cl)=C1C(O)=O.CC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1OCC([O-])=O ACXGJHCPFCFILV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 101150100659 tarL gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000009965 tatting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C1/00—Details
- H01C1/02—Housing; Enclosing; Embedding; Filling the housing or enclosure
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB38059/74A GB1521460A (en) | 1974-08-30 | 1974-08-30 | Self-limiting electrically resistive article and process for its manufacture |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1067947A true CA1067947A (en) | 1979-12-11 |
Family
ID=10400878
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA234,461A Expired CA1067947A (en) | 1974-08-30 | 1975-08-29 | Positive temperature coefficient resistance heating elements |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4334148A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| CA (1) | CA1067947A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| DE (1) | DE7527288U (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| FR (1) | FR2283532A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| GB (1) | GB1521460A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
Families Citing this family (47)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4764664A (en) * | 1976-12-13 | 1988-08-16 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical devices comprising conductive polymer compositions |
| US4876440A (en) * | 1976-12-13 | 1989-10-24 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical devices comprising conductive polymer compositions |
| US4866253A (en) * | 1976-12-13 | 1989-09-12 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical devices comprising conductive polymer compositions |
| US4425497A (en) | 1979-08-17 | 1984-01-10 | Raychem Corporation | PTC Heater assembly |
| US4547659A (en) * | 1979-08-17 | 1985-10-15 | Raychem Corporation | PTC Heater assembly |
| US4673801A (en) * | 1979-08-17 | 1987-06-16 | Raychem Corporation | PTC heater assembly |
| US4432211A (en) * | 1980-11-17 | 1984-02-21 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Defrosting apparatus |
| US4427877A (en) | 1981-09-28 | 1984-01-24 | Raychem Corporation | Printing on low surface energy polymers |
| US4471215A (en) * | 1983-08-24 | 1984-09-11 | Eaton Corporation | Self-regulating heating cable having radiation grafted jacket |
| US4668857A (en) * | 1985-08-16 | 1987-05-26 | Belton Corporation | Temperature self-regulating resistive heating element |
| US4689475A (en) * | 1985-10-15 | 1987-08-25 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical devices containing conductive polymers |
| US4633069A (en) * | 1985-10-21 | 1986-12-30 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Heat-exchanger |
| US4801785A (en) * | 1986-01-14 | 1989-01-31 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical devices |
| GB8600985D0 (en) * | 1986-01-16 | 1986-02-19 | Pyrontenax Of Canada Ltd | Electric cables |
| US4689470A (en) * | 1986-02-18 | 1987-08-25 | Emerson Electric Co. | Self-regulating baseboard heater, system and method |
| GB8604519D0 (en) * | 1986-02-24 | 1986-04-03 | Raychem Sa Nv | Electrical devices |
| US4708608A (en) * | 1986-06-17 | 1987-11-24 | Dirocco Jobbie | Heat pad |
| US4822981A (en) * | 1987-06-19 | 1989-04-18 | Hatco Corporation | Self-regulating warmer device for food products |
| US5004190A (en) * | 1987-11-06 | 1991-04-02 | Bylin Heating Systems, Inc. | Rail heating apparatus |
| NO880529L (no) * | 1988-02-08 | 1989-08-09 | Ramu Int | Selvbegrensede elektrisk varmeelement. |
| US5111032A (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1992-05-05 | Raychem Corporation | Method of making an electrical device comprising a conductive polymer |
| US4972067A (en) * | 1989-06-21 | 1990-11-20 | Process Technology Inc. | PTC heater assembly and a method of manufacturing the heater assembly |
| US5052699A (en) * | 1989-07-10 | 1991-10-01 | Raychem Corporation | Grommet |
| US5925276A (en) * | 1989-09-08 | 1999-07-20 | Raychem Corporation | Conductive polymer device with fuse capable of arc suppression |
| US5174924A (en) * | 1990-06-04 | 1992-12-29 | Fujikura Ltd. | Ptc conductive polymer composition containing carbon black having large particle size and high dbp absorption |
| US5122641A (en) * | 1990-05-23 | 1992-06-16 | Furon Company | Self-regulating heating cable compositions therefor, and method |
| US6111234A (en) * | 1991-05-07 | 2000-08-29 | Batliwalla; Neville S. | Electrical device |
| US5749118A (en) * | 1993-02-05 | 1998-05-12 | Holland; Dewey T. | Heated wiper blade |
| US5317061A (en) * | 1993-02-24 | 1994-05-31 | Raychem Corporation | Fluoropolymer compositions |
| US5756972A (en) * | 1994-10-25 | 1998-05-26 | Raychem Corporation | Hinged connector for heating cables of various sizes |
| US5622642A (en) * | 1995-02-06 | 1997-04-22 | Raychem Corporation | Sealing apparatus for elongate cables having movable insert with gripping members |
| US5792987A (en) * | 1995-08-28 | 1998-08-11 | Raychem Corporation | Sealing device |
| US5718600A (en) * | 1996-01-17 | 1998-02-17 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical plug |
| US6005232A (en) * | 1996-06-28 | 1999-12-21 | Raychem Corporation | Heating cable |
| US5767448A (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 1998-06-16 | Raychem Corporation | Sealing device |
| JP4044289B2 (ja) | 1998-10-15 | 2008-02-06 | タイコ・エレクトロニクス・コーポレイション | 電気ケーブル用コネクタ |
| JP3371827B2 (ja) * | 1998-11-04 | 2003-01-27 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 有機質サーミスタ装置の製造方法 |
| US6704997B1 (en) * | 1998-11-30 | 2004-03-16 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Method of producing organic thermistor devices |
| GB2390794A (en) * | 2002-07-09 | 2004-01-14 | Airlux Electrical Co Ltd | Heating conductor suitable for electric blanket |
| FR2844091B1 (fr) * | 2002-09-03 | 2004-11-12 | Acome Soc Coop Travailleurs | Cable electrique chauffant autoregulant |
| JP4624697B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-12 | 2011-02-02 | オリンパス株式会社 | 手術用処置具 |
| US20080000039A1 (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2008-01-03 | Eugene Higgs | Heated Wiper Assembly |
| US12390614B2 (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2025-08-19 | Sahamed Technologies, Llc | Humidification of ventilator gases |
| EP3257326B1 (en) | 2015-02-09 | 2020-06-03 | nVent Services GmbH | Heater cable having a tapered profile |
| FR3033445B1 (fr) * | 2015-03-03 | 2017-03-10 | Heatself | Cable chauffant a flux thermique oriente |
| DE102021213401A1 (de) * | 2021-11-09 | 2023-05-11 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Wischblatt, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
| US11904815B1 (en) | 2022-11-17 | 2024-02-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Wiper blade, in particular for a motor vehicle |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2373160A (en) * | 1943-01-07 | 1945-04-10 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Resistor having a high temperature coefficient of resistance |
| US3344385A (en) * | 1965-01-04 | 1967-09-26 | Dow Corning | Flexible resistance element with flexible and stretchable terminal electrodes |
| US3900654A (en) * | 1971-07-15 | 1975-08-19 | Du Pont | Composite polymeric electric heating element |
| US3861029A (en) * | 1972-09-08 | 1975-01-21 | Raychem Corp | Method of making heater cable |
| US3793716A (en) * | 1972-09-08 | 1974-02-26 | Raychem Corp | Method of making self limiting heat elements |
| US3858144A (en) * | 1972-12-29 | 1974-12-31 | Raychem Corp | Voltage stress-resistant conductive articles |
| US3823217A (en) * | 1973-01-18 | 1974-07-09 | Raychem Corp | Resistivity variance reduction |
| US4055526A (en) * | 1974-03-29 | 1977-10-25 | Shin Kiyokawa | Planar heating element and production thereof |
| US4177376A (en) * | 1974-09-27 | 1979-12-04 | Raychem Corporation | Layered self-regulating heating article |
| US4058704A (en) * | 1974-12-27 | 1977-11-15 | Taeo Kim | Coilable and severable heating element |
| US4188276A (en) * | 1975-08-04 | 1980-02-12 | Raychem Corporation | Voltage stable positive temperature coefficient of resistance crosslinked compositions |
-
1974
- 1974-08-30 GB GB38059/74A patent/GB1521460A/en not_active Expired
-
1975
- 1975-08-29 DE DE7527288U patent/DE7527288U/de not_active Expired
- 1975-08-29 CA CA234,461A patent/CA1067947A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-08-29 FR FR7526588A patent/FR2283532A1/fr active Granted
-
1978
- 1978-01-16 US US05/869,786 patent/US4334148A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2283532B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) | 1981-08-07 |
| US4334148A (en) | 1982-06-08 |
| GB1521460A (en) | 1978-08-16 |
| FR2283532A1 (fr) | 1976-03-26 |
| DE7527288U (de) | 1976-04-15 |
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