CA1043683A - Polyvinyl butyral composite interlayer for laminated safety glass and process for the preparation thereof - Google Patents
Polyvinyl butyral composite interlayer for laminated safety glass and process for the preparation thereofInfo
- Publication number
- CA1043683A CA1043683A CA198,265A CA198265A CA1043683A CA 1043683 A CA1043683 A CA 1043683A CA 198265 A CA198265 A CA 198265A CA 1043683 A CA1043683 A CA 1043683A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- sheet
- temperature
- polyvinyl butyral
- combining
- nip
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000005336 safety glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002844 continuous effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyraldehyde Chemical compound CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- -1 betabutoxyethyl Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- SETQYEOWBPZUAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-benzhydrylpiperazin-1-yl)ethyl 5-(4,6-dimethyl-2-oxo-1,3,2$l^{5}-dioxaphosphinan-2-yl)-2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate Chemical compound O1C(C)CC(C)OP1(=O)C1=C(C)NC(C)=C(C(=O)OCCN2CCN(CC2)C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)C1C1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 SETQYEOWBPZUAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric aldehyde Natural products CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- JEYLQCXBYFQJRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-ethylbutanoyloxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 2-ethylbutanoate Chemical compound CCC(CC)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(CC)CC JEYLQCXBYFQJRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBECDWUDYQOTSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylbut-3-enal Chemical compound CCC(C=C)C=O CBECDWUDYQOTSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical group CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl decanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L adipate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCC([O-])=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003796 beauty Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001609 comparable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- JTHNLKXLWOXOQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propyl vinyl ketone Natural products CCCC(=O)C=C JTHNLKXLWOXOQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000007519 polyprotic acids Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001290 polyvinyl ester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/22—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of indefinite length
- B29C43/30—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
- B29C43/305—Making multilayered articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10651—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising colorants, e.g. dyes or pigments
- B32B17/1066—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising colorants, e.g. dyes or pigments imparting a tint in certain regions only, i.e. shade band
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/0007—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding involving treatment or provisions in order to avoid deformation or air inclusion, e.g. to improve surface quality
- B32B37/003—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding involving treatment or provisions in order to avoid deformation or air inclusion, e.g. to improve surface quality to avoid air inclusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/14—Printing or colouring
- B32B38/145—Printing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/18—Handling of layers or the laminate
- B32B38/1825—Handling of layers or the laminate characterised by the control or constructional features of devices for tensioning, stretching or registration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/02—2 layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/03—3 layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
- B32B2309/02—Temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
- B32B2309/14—Velocity, e.g. feed speeds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
- B32B2309/70—Automated, e.g. using a computer or microcomputer
- B32B2309/72—For measuring or regulating, e.g. systems with feedback loops
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2327/00—Polyvinylhalogenides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2329/00—Polyvinylalcohols, polyvinylethers, polyvinylaldehydes, polyvinylketones or polyvinylketals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2329/00—Polyvinylalcohols, polyvinylethers, polyvinylaldehydes, polyvinylketones or polyvinylketals
- B32B2329/06—PVB, i.e. polyinylbutyral
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA286,211A CA1052682A (en) | 1973-04-27 | 1977-09-07 | Polyvinyl butyral composite interlayer for laminated safety glass and process for the preparation thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05355364 US3922456A (en) | 1973-04-27 | 1973-04-27 | Polyvinyl butyral composite interlayer for laminated safety glass |
| US35512073 US3868286A (en) | 1973-04-27 | 1973-04-27 | Process for preparing a polyvinyl butyral composite interlayer for laminated safety glass |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1043683A true CA1043683A (en) | 1978-12-05 |
Family
ID=26998706
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA198,265A Expired CA1043683A (en) | 1973-04-27 | 1974-04-26 | Polyvinyl butyral composite interlayer for laminated safety glass and process for the preparation thereof |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5650711B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| CA (1) | CA1043683A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE2420355A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB1470844A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4173672A (en) * | 1977-09-06 | 1979-11-06 | Mannheim Jose R | Decorated safety glass |
| FR2403886A1 (fr) * | 1977-09-21 | 1979-04-20 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Procede pour fabriquer un pare-brise pour vehicule automobile |
| JPS5632351A (en) * | 1979-08-23 | 1981-04-01 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Manufacture of patterned laminated glass |
| EP0109799B1 (en) * | 1982-11-12 | 1987-04-22 | Adolph Coors Company | Control stretch laminating device |
| EP0287861B1 (en) * | 1987-04-03 | 1992-04-29 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Transparent synthetic resin sheet or film, method for its production and applications thereof |
| MX171971B (es) * | 1989-10-16 | 1993-11-24 | Libbey Owens Ford Co | Panel exhibidor para un parabrisas de vehiculo |
| JP2001526131A (ja) * | 1997-12-19 | 2001-12-18 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー | 積層ガラス用中間層構造物およびその中間層構造物の製造のための方法 |
| EP1129841A1 (en) * | 2000-02-25 | 2001-09-05 | Solutia Europe N.V./S.A. | Process and apparatus for relaxation of interplayer sheet |
| JP2003531041A (ja) * | 2000-04-27 | 2003-10-21 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー | ポリビニルブチラールフィルムの液体支援積層法 |
| AT414051B (de) * | 2001-01-18 | 2006-08-15 | Eckelt Glas Gmbh | Projektionswand mit einem glasschirm |
| DE20221989U1 (de) * | 2002-05-07 | 2010-04-29 | Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verbundscheibe mit einem Folienlaminat |
| WO2005070651A1 (en) * | 2004-01-23 | 2005-08-04 | E.I. Dupont De Nemours And Company | Polyvinylbutyral rolls having thick edges relative to the interior of the roll and a process for preparing same |
| AU2012201272B2 (en) * | 2006-11-01 | 2014-09-04 | Solutia Inc. | Multiple layer interlayers having a gradient region |
| US7842395B2 (en) | 2006-11-01 | 2010-11-30 | Solutia Inc. | Multiple layer interlayers having a gradient region |
| EP2953792B1 (en) | 2013-02-05 | 2019-03-20 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Graphic article |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1195914B (de) * | 1962-03-23 | 1965-07-01 | Detag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Verbundsicherheitsglas |
| US3360412A (en) * | 1964-06-29 | 1967-12-26 | Wm C Heller Jr | Process and system for producing heat sealed laminates |
| DE1292810B (de) * | 1966-04-15 | 1969-04-17 | Eberspaecher J | Mehrschichtenscheibenanordnung |
-
1974
- 1974-04-26 CA CA198,265A patent/CA1043683A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-04-26 GB GB1837874A patent/GB1470844A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-04-26 DE DE2420355A patent/DE2420355A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1974-04-26 JP JP4673874A patent/JPS5650711B2/ja not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2420355A1 (de) | 1974-11-07 |
| JPS5650711B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1981-12-01 |
| GB1470844A (en) | 1977-04-21 |
| JPS5053427A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1975-05-12 |
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