CA1038527A - Perfluorocarbon copolymer powders and preparation by spray drying - Google Patents
Perfluorocarbon copolymer powders and preparation by spray dryingInfo
- Publication number
- CA1038527A CA1038527A CA198,157A CA198157A CA1038527A CA 1038527 A CA1038527 A CA 1038527A CA 198157 A CA198157 A CA 198157A CA 1038527 A CA1038527 A CA 1038527A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- coating composition
- perfluorocarbon polymer
- particles
- copolymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- BZPCMSSQHRAJCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-1-(1,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-nonafluoropent-1-enoxy)pent-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)=C(F)OC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F BZPCMSSQHRAJCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004924 electrostatic deposition Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 19
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 16
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical compound C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- CEJLBZWIKQJOAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloroisocyanuric acid Chemical compound ClN1C(=O)NC(=O)N(Cl)C1=O CEJLBZWIKQJOAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015250 liver sausages Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- AHLBNYSZXLDEJQ-FWEHEUNISA-N orlistat Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC[C@H](OC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC=O)C[C@@H]1OC(=O)[C@H]1CCCCCC AHLBNYSZXLDEJQ-FWEHEUNISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007962 solid dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D127/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D127/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09D127/12—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C09D127/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
- B05D5/083—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface involving the use of fluoropolymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
- B05D1/04—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying involving the use of an electrostatic field
- B05D1/06—Applying particulate materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2202/00—Metallic substrate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/52—Two layers
- B05D7/54—No clear coat specified
- B05D7/546—No clear coat specified each layer being cured, at least partially, separately
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
- B05D7/58—No clear coat specified
- B05D7/586—No clear coat specified each layer being cured, at least partially, separately
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S526/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
- Y10S526/909—Polymerization characterized by particle size of product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US350646A US3864322A (en) | 1973-04-12 | 1973-04-12 | Perfluorocarbon copolymer powders and preparation by spray drying |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1038527A true CA1038527A (en) | 1978-09-12 |
Family
ID=23377610
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA198,157A Expired CA1038527A (en) | 1973-04-12 | 1974-04-10 | Perfluorocarbon copolymer powders and preparation by spray drying |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3864322A (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS5053421A (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU474025B2 (enExample) |
| BE (1) | BE813607A (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR7402884D0 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1038527A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2417842A1 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2225491A1 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1426157A (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT1009843B (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4129618A (en) * | 1974-05-16 | 1978-12-12 | Imperial Chemical Industries Limited | Tetrafluoroethylene polymers |
| JPS6023689B2 (ja) * | 1976-02-17 | 1985-06-08 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | テトラフルオロエチレン／ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体の製造方法 |
| US4029868A (en) * | 1976-03-10 | 1977-06-14 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Tetrafluoroethylene terpolymers |
| DE2650331C3 (de) * | 1976-11-03 | 1981-05-07 | Chemische Werke Hüls AG, 4370 Marl | Verfahren zur Herstellung von zur Plastisolbereitung geeigneten Pulvern auf der Grundlage von Polyvinylchlorid |
| US4759500A (en) * | 1986-01-23 | 1988-07-26 | Interlock Corporation | Process for chilling stream of gas-suspended particles |
| IT1204903B (it) * | 1986-06-26 | 1989-03-10 | Ausimont Spa | Processo di polimerizzazione in dispersione acquosa di monomeri florati |
| US5968642A (en) * | 1993-12-22 | 1999-10-19 | Dupont-Mitsui Fluorochemicals Co., Ltd. | Article having a water-repellent fluororesin surface, and method for manufacturing the same |
| MX9504934A (es) * | 1994-12-12 | 1997-01-31 | Morton Int Inc | Revestimientos en polvo de pelicula delgada lisa. |
| US5756620A (en) * | 1995-11-15 | 1998-05-26 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Tetrafluoroethylene polymer for improved paste extrusion |
| US5766522A (en) * | 1996-07-19 | 1998-06-16 | Morton International, Inc. | Continuous processing of powder coating compositions |
| US6114414A (en) * | 1996-07-19 | 2000-09-05 | Morton International, Inc. | Continuous processing of powder coating compositions |
| US6583187B1 (en) | 1996-07-19 | 2003-06-24 | Andrew T. Daly | Continuous processing of powder coating compositions |
| US6075074A (en) | 1996-07-19 | 2000-06-13 | Morton International, Inc. | Continuous processing of powder coating compositions |
| ITMI981520A1 (it) * | 1998-07-02 | 2000-01-02 | Ausimont Spa | Dispersioni di fluoropolimeri |
| IT1318595B1 (it) * | 2000-06-23 | 2003-08-27 | Ausimont Spa | Microsfere di copolimeri termoprocessabili del tetrafluoroetilene. |
| US7985524B2 (en) * | 2004-01-28 | 2011-07-26 | Xerox Corporation | Emulsion aggregation process for forming curable powder coating compositions, curable powder coating compositions and method for using the same |
| US7501150B2 (en) * | 2004-01-28 | 2009-03-10 | Xerox Corporation | Emulsion aggregation process for forming powder coating compositions, powder coating compositions and method for using the same |
| CN103450780A (zh) * | 2013-09-04 | 2013-12-18 | 涂春年 | 一种玻璃钢储罐用强化涂层分散液的制备方法 |
| EP3684861B1 (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2023-12-27 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | 3d-printed articles |
| CN109898077A (zh) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-06-18 | 安徽省鑫矿液压机械有限责任公司 | 一种煤矿机械用低合金结构钢的表面处理工艺 |
| CA3140905A1 (en) | 2019-06-21 | 2020-12-24 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Solid nonionic surfactants compositions |
| CN114479570B (zh) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-10-27 | 武汉苏泊尔炊具有限公司 | 防腐蚀材料、其制备方法以及由其形成的防腐蚀涂层 |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2782174A (en) * | 1952-10-08 | 1957-02-19 | Kellogg M W Co | Dispersions of perfluorocarbon polymers |
-
1973
- 1973-04-12 US US350646A patent/US3864322A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1974
- 1974-04-10 AU AU67745/74A patent/AU474025B2/en not_active Expired
- 1974-04-10 CA CA198,157A patent/CA1038527A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-04-10 JP JP49041614A patent/JPS5053421A/ja active Pending
- 1974-04-10 BR BR2884/74A patent/BR7402884D0/pt unknown
- 1974-04-10 FR FR7412673A patent/FR2225491A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1974-04-11 GB GB1616874A patent/GB1426157A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-04-11 DE DE19742417842 patent/DE2417842A1/de active Pending
- 1974-04-11 BE BE143106A patent/BE813607A/xx unknown
- 1974-04-12 IT IT21425/74A patent/IT1009843B/it active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1426157A (en) | 1976-02-25 |
| FR2225491A1 (enExample) | 1974-11-08 |
| AU474025B2 (en) | 1976-07-08 |
| JPS5053421A (enExample) | 1975-05-12 |
| IT1009843B (it) | 1976-12-20 |
| DE2417842A1 (de) | 1974-10-24 |
| BR7402884D0 (pt) | 1974-11-19 |
| BE813607A (fr) | 1974-10-11 |
| US3864322A (en) | 1975-02-04 |
| AU6774574A (en) | 1975-10-16 |
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