BR112014015787A8 - unidade externa para dispositivo de refrigeração - Google Patents

unidade externa para dispositivo de refrigeração

Info

Publication number
BR112014015787A8
BR112014015787A8 BR112014015787A BR112014015787A BR112014015787A8 BR 112014015787 A8 BR112014015787 A8 BR 112014015787A8 BR 112014015787 A BR112014015787 A BR 112014015787A BR 112014015787 A BR112014015787 A BR 112014015787A BR 112014015787 A8 BR112014015787 A8 BR 112014015787A8
Authority
BR
Brazil
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
cooling device
floor frame
external unit
outdoor unit
Prior art date
Application number
BR112014015787A
Other languages
English (en)
Portuguese (pt)
Other versions
BR112014015787A2 (pt
Inventor
Andou Hiroki
Shimoda Junichi
Hoshika Keitarou
Kuroishi Masashi
Itou Satoshi
Ono Takashi
Masui Tomohiro
Original Assignee
Daikin Ind Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daikin Ind Ltd filed Critical Daikin Ind Ltd
Publication of BR112014015787A2 publication Critical patent/BR112014015787A2/pt
Publication of BR112014015787A8 publication Critical patent/BR112014015787A8/pt

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/06—Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
    • F24F1/14—Heat exchangers specially adapted for separate outdoor units
    • F24F1/16—Arrangement or mounting thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/06—Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
    • F24F1/36—Drip trays for outdoor units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/22—Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate
    • F24F13/222—Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate for evacuating condensate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0471—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F28D1/05391—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits combined with a particular flow pattern, e.g. multi-row multi-stage radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F17/00—Removing ice or water from heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28F17/005—Means for draining condensates from heat exchangers, e.g. from evaporators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/0233—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with air flow channels
    • F28D1/024—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with air flow channels with an air driving element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/126—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element consisting of zig-zag shaped fins
    • F28F1/128—Fins with openings, e.g. louvered fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F28F1/325—Fins with openings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
    • F28F21/067—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
    • F28F2215/12—Fins with U-shaped slots for laterally inserting conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/30—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for preventing vibrations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/001—Casings in the form of plate-like arrangements; Frames enclosing a heat exchange core
    • F28F9/002—Casings in the form of plate-like arrangements; Frames enclosing a heat exchange core with fastening means for other structures

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
BR112014015787A 2011-12-28 2012-12-26 unidade externa para dispositivo de refrigeração BR112014015787A8 (pt)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2011290071A JP5464207B2 (ja) 2011-12-28 2011-12-28 冷凍装置の室外ユニット
PCT/JP2012/083564 WO2013099897A1 (ja) 2011-12-28 2012-12-26 冷凍装置の室外ユニット

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
BR112014015787A2 BR112014015787A2 (pt) 2017-06-13
BR112014015787A8 true BR112014015787A8 (pt) 2017-07-04

Family

ID=48697381

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
BR112014015787A BR112014015787A8 (pt) 2011-12-28 2012-12-26 unidade externa para dispositivo de refrigeração

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20140374078A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP2806220A4 (zh)
JP (1) JP5464207B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR20140116432A (zh)
CN (1) CN103998869A (zh)
BR (1) BR112014015787A8 (zh)
WO (1) WO2013099897A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9335071B2 (en) * 2009-03-19 2016-05-10 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Air conditioning apparatus
US9328944B2 (en) * 2009-03-19 2016-05-03 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Air conditioning apparatus
CN102356285B (zh) * 2009-03-19 2014-11-12 大金工业株式会社 空调装置
JP5647396B2 (ja) * 2009-03-19 2014-12-24 ダイキン工業株式会社 空気調和装置
JP2014149131A (ja) * 2013-02-01 2014-08-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 室外機及び冷凍サイクル装置
WO2014199514A1 (ja) * 2013-06-14 2014-12-18 三菱電機株式会社 空気調和機の室外機、及び空気調和機の室外機の製造方法
JP6954429B2 (ja) * 2014-10-27 2021-10-27 ダイキン工業株式会社 冷凍装置の室外ユニット
JP6826805B2 (ja) * 2014-10-27 2021-02-10 ダイキン工業株式会社 冷凍装置の室外ユニット
JP6028815B2 (ja) * 2015-01-19 2016-11-24 ダイキン工業株式会社 空気調和装置の熱交換ユニット
JP6641721B2 (ja) * 2015-04-27 2020-02-05 ダイキン工業株式会社 熱交換器および空気調和機
KR20170015146A (ko) * 2015-07-31 2017-02-08 엘지전자 주식회사 열교환기
GB2566836B (en) * 2016-07-14 2021-02-17 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Outdoor unit for air-conditioning apparatus
JP6816411B2 (ja) * 2016-08-31 2021-01-20 株式会社富士通ゼネラル 熱交換器
JP6785877B2 (ja) * 2016-11-29 2020-11-18 三菱電機株式会社 空気調和機の室外機およびそれを備えた空気調和機
EP3594576A4 (en) * 2017-03-10 2020-12-30 Daikin Industries, Ltd. REFRIGERATION SYSTEM
EP3832244A4 (en) 2018-07-27 2021-08-04 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation HEAT EXCHANGER, HEAT EXCHANGER UNIT AND REFRIGERATION CYCLE DEVICE
JP7352858B2 (ja) * 2019-09-10 2023-09-29 株式会社富士通ゼネラル 空気調和装置の室外機
US20230052303A1 (en) * 2020-01-14 2023-02-16 Mitsubishi Electric Consumer Products (Thailand) Co., Ltd. Outdoor unit for air-conditioning apparatus
DE102022105619A1 (de) 2022-03-10 2023-09-14 Baumann Maschinenbau Solms Gmbh & Co.Kg Anordnung sowie Verfahren zum Bearbeiten blattförmigen Guts

Family Cites Families (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS55146970U (zh) * 1979-04-11 1980-10-22
JPS6032846Y2 (ja) * 1981-11-11 1985-10-01 三洋電機株式会社 ドレン処理装置
JPS6014426U (ja) * 1983-07-08 1985-01-31 株式会社富士通ゼネラル 空気調和機
JPH0720523Y2 (ja) * 1989-08-03 1995-05-15 ダイキン工業株式会社 熱交換器
JPH04129035U (ja) * 1991-05-17 1992-11-25 ホシザキ電機株式会社 冷媒凝縮器の支持構造
JP3349722B2 (ja) * 1992-08-25 2002-11-25 東芝キヤリア株式会社 空気調和機の室内ユニットおよびその梱包方法
JPH06300305A (ja) * 1993-04-09 1994-10-28 Hitachi Air Conditioning & Refrig Co Ltd 空気調和機における熱交換器
KR100988572B1 (ko) * 2003-08-14 2010-10-18 삼성전자주식회사 공기조화기의 실외기
JP4252530B2 (ja) * 2004-12-13 2009-04-08 ダイキン工業株式会社 空気調和機のドレン水静菌構造
CN1955606A (zh) * 2005-10-28 2007-05-02 乐金电子(天津)电器有限公司 空调室外机
US7708052B2 (en) * 2006-01-20 2010-05-04 Carrier Corporation Coil support
JP4810290B2 (ja) * 2006-04-19 2011-11-09 旭化成ホームズ株式会社 冷却パネル
JP2008202889A (ja) * 2007-02-21 2008-09-04 Yanmar Co Ltd エンジン駆動式ヒートポンプ
JP4376276B2 (ja) * 2007-06-06 2009-12-02 木村工機株式会社 熱交換コイル
CN101576292A (zh) * 2008-05-09 2009-11-11 乐金电子(天津)电器有限公司 空调器的室外机
JP2010038486A (ja) * 2008-08-07 2010-02-18 Daikin Ind Ltd 分離型空気調和機の室外ユニット
JP5401685B2 (ja) 2008-12-25 2014-01-29 三菱電機株式会社 空気調和機の室外機
JP2011145029A (ja) * 2010-01-18 2011-07-28 Sharp Corp 空気調和機

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2806220A1 (en) 2014-11-26
JP5464207B2 (ja) 2014-04-09
WO2013099897A1 (ja) 2013-07-04
US20140374078A1 (en) 2014-12-25
BR112014015787A2 (pt) 2017-06-13
KR20140116432A (ko) 2014-10-02
JP2013139918A (ja) 2013-07-18
CN103998869A (zh) 2014-08-20
EP2806220A4 (en) 2016-01-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
BR112014015787A2 (pt) unidade externa para dispositivo de refrigeração
BR112014015877A2 (pt) unidade exterior para dispositivo de refrigeração
BR112014031506A2 (pt) montagem de cobertura de capacete que tem pelo menos dispositivo de montagem
BR112013002731A2 (pt) dispositivo para condicionamento de ar
BR112014007664A2 (pt) dispositivo de refrigeração
IN2015DN01640A (zh)
BR112014016026A2 (pt) unidade externa para um aparelho de refrigeração
BRPI0823112A8 (pt) Sistema refrigerante
BR112015022663A8 (pt) permutador de calor, método de arrefecimento de fluido, sistema de compressão para circulação de refrigerante misto em permutador de calor, sistema e método para o arrefecimento de um fluido
BR112015012796A2 (pt) sistema de refrigeração para aparelho de armazenamento de dispositivo eletrônico e sistema de refrigeração para edifício de armazenamento de dispositivo eletrônico
BR112014014005A2 (pt) dispositivo de refrigeração
BRPI0518414A2 (pt) dispositivo para troca de calor para gases com teor de Ácido
WO2012164261A3 (en) Cooling unit and cooling system
EP2754974A3 (en) Outdoor unit of air-conditioning apparatus
BR112012018963A2 (pt) dispositivo de resfriamento, em particular, congelador
BR112014014627A2 (pt) aparelho e método para resfriar um transformador que tem um núcleo não linear
GB2511419A (en) Data center coolant switch
BR112014016010A2 (pt) unidade exterior de aparelho de refrigeração
BRPI0607297A2 (pt) abrigo de telecomunicações para economia de energia
PE20121068A1 (es) Metodo para enfriar un horno metalurgico
BR112015032207A2 (pt) aparelho de ar condicionado tipo split
BR112014011490A2 (pt) unidade externa para dispositivo de refrigeração
BR112014005137A2 (pt) dispositivo e método para resfriamento de uma unidade
BR112016002234A2 (pt) liga de alumínio, material de estoque de aleta de liga de alumínio, permutador de calor, uso de uma liga de alumínio ou de um material de estoque de aleta de liga de alumínio, e, processo para fazer um material de estoque de aleta de liga de alumínio
MX2016008530A (es) Unidad interna y aparato de aire acondicionado.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
B10A Cessation: cessation confirmed

Free format text: HOMOLOGADA A DESISTENCIA DO PEDIDO SOLICITADA ATRAVES DA PETICAO NO 870160023732 DE 30/05/2016.

B350 Update of information on the portal [chapter 15.35 patent gazette]