BR0210315B1 - método para fundir por contra-gravidade uma pluralidade de artigos. - Google Patents
método para fundir por contra-gravidade uma pluralidade de artigos. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- BR0210315B1 BR0210315B1 BRPI0210315-0A BR0210315A BR0210315B1 BR 0210315 B1 BR0210315 B1 BR 0210315B1 BR 0210315 A BR0210315 A BR 0210315A BR 0210315 B1 BR0210315 B1 BR 0210315B1
- Authority
- BR
- Brazil
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- molten metal
- feed channel
- container
- distribution channels
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 46
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 205
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 205
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 102
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 69
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 18
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000030366 Scorpidinae Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-anthraquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001272720 Medialuna californiensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006248 expandable polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001605 fetal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010128 melt processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011214 refractory ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
- B22D13/04—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force of shallow solid or hollow bodies, e.g. wheels or rings, in moulds rotating around their axis of symmetry
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/06—Vacuum casting, i.e. making use of vacuum to fill the mould
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/932,847 US6499529B1 (en) | 2001-08-17 | 2001-08-17 | Centrifugal countergravity casting |
| US09/932847 | 2001-08-17 | ||
| PCT/US2002/025994 WO2003015958A1 (en) | 2001-08-17 | 2002-08-14 | Centrifugal countergravity casting |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| BR0210315A BR0210315A (pt) | 2004-09-14 |
| BR0210315B1 true BR0210315B1 (pt) | 2011-09-06 |
Family
ID=25463048
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| BRPI0210315-0A BR0210315B1 (pt) | 2001-08-17 | 2002-08-14 | método para fundir por contra-gravidade uma pluralidade de artigos. |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6499529B1 (https=) |
| EP (1) | EP1417062B1 (https=) |
| JP (1) | JP4678633B2 (https=) |
| KR (1) | KR100947948B1 (https=) |
| CN (1) | CN1260024C (https=) |
| AU (1) | AU2002324714B2 (https=) |
| BR (1) | BR0210315B1 (https=) |
| CA (1) | CA2447994C (https=) |
| MX (1) | MXPA04001426A (https=) |
| RU (1) | RU2278765C2 (https=) |
| WO (1) | WO2003015958A1 (https=) |
Families Citing this family (39)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITTO20010287A1 (it) * | 2001-03-27 | 2002-09-27 | Teksid Spa | Apparecchiatura di colata per la produzione di getti metallici mediante tecnologia "lost-foam". |
| BR0106345B1 (pt) * | 2001-12-13 | 2009-05-05 | arranjo de mancalização para molde de injeção por centrifugação. | |
| ITBS20030068A1 (it) * | 2003-07-07 | 2005-01-08 | Meccanica Bassi S P A | Banco, conchiglia e procedimento di colata, in particolare per testa cilindri di motore. |
| GB2409423B (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2007-04-11 | Doncasters Ltd | Metal casting apparatus and method |
| DE112006000461T5 (de) * | 2005-02-22 | 2008-03-13 | Milwaukee School Of Engineering, Milwaukee | Gießverfahren |
| US8820390B2 (en) * | 2011-02-25 | 2014-09-02 | Raytheon Company | Methods and composition for boride distribution in metal matrix composite |
| US20130323522A1 (en) * | 2012-06-05 | 2013-12-05 | General Electric Company | Cast superalloy pressure containment vessel |
| US8701742B2 (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2014-04-22 | Apple Inc. | Counter-gravity casting of hollow shapes |
| US9802247B1 (en) | 2013-02-15 | 2017-10-31 | Materion Corporation | Systems and methods for counter gravity casting for bulk amorphous alloys |
| US9221096B2 (en) | 2013-03-11 | 2015-12-29 | Ati Properties, Inc. | Centrifugal casting apparatus and method |
| US9364890B2 (en) | 2013-03-11 | 2016-06-14 | Ati Properties, Inc. | Enhanced techniques for centrifugal casting of molten materials |
| US9452473B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2016-09-27 | Pcc Structurals, Inc. | Methods for casting against gravity |
| US8936066B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2015-01-20 | Metal Casting Technology, Inc. | Method of using a refractory mold |
| CN104043773A (zh) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-17 | 成霖企业股份有限公司 | 易脱模陶瓷铸型的制备、应用方法及其浇铸的铜合金铸件 |
| KR101367200B1 (ko) * | 2013-05-08 | 2014-02-26 | 지정욱 | 이중 주조 방법 및 장치 |
| TWI483758B (zh) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-05-11 | 復盛應用科技股份有限公司 | 含活性金屬之鋼類高爾夫球桿頭的製造方法 |
| TWI483761B (zh) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-05-11 | 復盛應用科技股份有限公司 | 不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭的製造方法 |
| TWI483762B (zh) * | 2013-10-24 | 2015-05-11 | 復盛應用科技股份有限公司 | 鈦合金高爾夫球桿頭的製造方法 |
| TWI483764B (zh) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-05-11 | Fusheng Prec Co Ltd | 低密度鋼類高爾夫球木桿頭的製造方法 |
| TWI483763B (zh) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-05-11 | Fusheng Prec Co Ltd | 高強度鋼類高爾夫球木桿頭的製造方法 |
| TWI483765B (zh) * | 2014-01-03 | 2015-05-11 | Fusheng Prec Co Ltd | 鑄包異材的高爾夫球桿頭製造方法及其殼模 |
| US10668529B1 (en) | 2014-12-16 | 2020-06-02 | Materion Corporation | Systems and methods for processing bulk metallic glass articles using near net shape casting and thermoplastic forming |
| CN106513635B (zh) * | 2016-12-16 | 2019-02-05 | 上海华培动力科技股份有限公司 | 用于耐高温合金真空吸铸工艺的双层空心筒熔模模壳结构 |
| US20200156147A1 (en) | 2017-10-27 | 2020-05-21 | United Technologies Corporation | Countergravity Casting Apparatus and Desulfurization Methods |
| CN107891136B (zh) * | 2017-12-21 | 2020-04-14 | 重庆麦纳昇科技有限公司 | 一种离心铸造机自动控制系统 |
| CN107855487B (zh) * | 2017-12-21 | 2020-04-14 | 重庆麦纳昇科技有限公司 | 一种离心铸造机 |
| RU2685935C1 (ru) * | 2018-01-09 | 2019-04-23 | Иосиф Исаакович Фейман | Способ изготовления заготовок поршневых колец |
| CN110871266B (zh) * | 2018-08-31 | 2021-10-29 | 复盛应用科技股份有限公司 | 高尔夫球杆头铸造法 |
| CN109175305A (zh) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-11 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | 一种叶轮铸造工艺及叶轮 |
| CN109128097A (zh) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-04 | 南昌航空大学 | 一种真空差压铸造分级加压凝固开始加压熔体温度方法 |
| CN109909478B (zh) * | 2019-02-25 | 2020-12-22 | 镇江市吉玛铸造科技有限公司 | 一种梯度复合材料刹车盘的制作方法 |
| CA3139661A1 (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2020-11-12 | Dustin Eplee | Fluidized bed rotational molding |
| US11117292B2 (en) | 2019-05-09 | 2021-09-14 | Dustin Eplee | Fluidized bed rotational molding |
| CN110328351B (zh) * | 2019-08-13 | 2021-06-04 | 西安西工大超晶科技发展有限责任公司 | 一种反重力浇注熔模铸件免水玻璃砂造型的工艺方法 |
| CN112548036A (zh) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-03-26 | 洛阳佳会机械科技有限公司 | 一种用于消失模离心铸造的生产工艺 |
| CN116140587B (zh) * | 2022-12-14 | 2025-06-27 | 西北工业大学 | 一种多功能反重力铸造设备及铸造方法 |
| CN117444177A (zh) * | 2023-11-02 | 2024-01-26 | 西北工业大学 | 一种高效实现高温合金多功能反重力铸造装置 |
| CN117161358B (zh) * | 2023-11-03 | 2024-01-30 | 无锡永兴机械制造有限公司 | 一种叶轮的铸造装置及其铸造工艺 |
| CN119634672A (zh) * | 2024-11-29 | 2025-03-18 | 陕西柴油机重工有限公司 | 一种砂型铸造薄壁铸件的生产方法 |
Family Cites Families (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL15051C (https=) | 1923-08-09 | |||
| US2497160A (en) | 1938-10-08 | 1950-02-14 | Fejmert Erik Valdemar | Machine for manufacturing hollow bodies of plastic material |
| US2450832A (en) | 1943-07-05 | 1948-10-05 | Theodore C Kuhlman | Centrifugal casting |
| US2450755A (en) | 1944-06-10 | 1948-10-05 | Allis Chalmers Mfg Co | Method of centrifugal casting |
| US2997756A (en) | 1956-07-17 | 1961-08-29 | Griffin Wheel Co | Method and apparatus for casting ingots |
| FR1587403A (https=) | 1968-09-17 | 1970-03-20 | Lajoye Pierre | |
| NL6905546A (https=) | 1969-02-28 | 1970-09-01 | ||
| US3900064A (en) | 1972-12-04 | 1975-08-19 | Hitchiner Manufacturing Co | Metal casting |
| US3863706A (en) | 1972-12-04 | 1975-02-04 | Hitchiner Manufacturing Co | Metal casting |
| FR2296483A1 (fr) | 1975-01-02 | 1976-07-30 | Lajoye Pierre | Procede pour la fusion et la coulee centrifuge sous vide de metaux, dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre et pieces obtenues |
| US4392805A (en) | 1980-10-31 | 1983-07-12 | Golyak Oleg L | Centrifugal casting apparatus |
| GB8301616D0 (en) | 1983-01-21 | 1983-02-23 | Steel Castings Res | Ceramic shell moulds |
| US4589466A (en) | 1984-02-27 | 1986-05-20 | Hitchiner Manufacturing Co., Inc. | Metal casting |
| US4787434A (en) * | 1986-12-29 | 1988-11-29 | Brunswick Corporation | Vacuum lift foam filled casting system |
| US4791977A (en) * | 1987-05-07 | 1988-12-20 | Metal Casting Technology, Inc. | Countergravity metal casting apparatus and process |
| US4874029A (en) | 1988-05-09 | 1989-10-17 | General Motors Corporation | Countergravity casting process and apparatus using destructible patterns suspended in an inherently unstable mass of particulate mold material |
| US5179995A (en) | 1989-07-17 | 1993-01-19 | Limb Stanley R | Combination vacuum assist centrifugal casting apparatus and method |
| US5069271A (en) | 1990-09-06 | 1991-12-03 | Hitchiner Corporation | Countergravity casting using particulate supported thin walled investment shell mold |
| DE9416731U1 (de) | 1994-10-18 | 1995-01-12 | Sulzer-Escher Wyss Gmbh, 88212 Ravensburg | Stoffauflauf für eine Papiermaschine |
| JP2000225455A (ja) * | 1999-02-03 | 2000-08-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | 鋳鉄の鋳造方法及びその装置 |
-
2001
- 2001-08-17 US US09/932,847 patent/US6499529B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-08-14 AU AU2002324714A patent/AU2002324714B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-08-14 BR BRPI0210315-0A patent/BR0210315B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-08-14 WO PCT/US2002/025994 patent/WO2003015958A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-08-14 EP EP02759373.0A patent/EP1417062B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-08-14 KR KR1020047002249A patent/KR100947948B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-08-14 JP JP2003520503A patent/JP4678633B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-08-14 CN CNB02813351XA patent/CN1260024C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-08-14 CA CA002447994A patent/CA2447994C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-08-14 RU RU2004107898/02A patent/RU2278765C2/ru active
- 2002-08-14 MX MXPA04001426A patent/MXPA04001426A/es active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2003015958A1 (en) | 2003-02-27 |
| CA2447994C (en) | 2009-06-23 |
| HK1067333A1 (en) | 2005-04-08 |
| RU2004107898A (ru) | 2005-06-10 |
| EP1417062A1 (en) | 2004-05-12 |
| KR20040030112A (ko) | 2004-04-08 |
| JP4678633B2 (ja) | 2011-04-27 |
| CN1260024C (zh) | 2006-06-21 |
| CA2447994A1 (en) | 2003-02-27 |
| US6499529B1 (en) | 2002-12-31 |
| EP1417062A4 (en) | 2005-09-07 |
| KR100947948B1 (ko) | 2010-03-15 |
| CN1522182A (zh) | 2004-08-18 |
| EP1417062B1 (en) | 2016-10-19 |
| JP2004538152A (ja) | 2004-12-24 |
| RU2278765C2 (ru) | 2006-06-27 |
| AU2002324714B2 (en) | 2007-10-25 |
| MXPA04001426A (es) | 2004-06-03 |
| BR0210315A (pt) | 2004-09-14 |
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