BG2687U1 - Beehive for natural keeping of bee colonies - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to construction of a one-body dwelling for natural keeping of bee colonies (beehive) with a minimum volume of 0.2 m3, 24 high frames of size 435 X 445-460 mm. The high frame 435X445-460 mm has a 37.5 mm wide upper lath. The upper and lower laths are milled and thinned on the wax base side. The beehive has electromagnetic and electrostatic protection with aluminum panels on all sides of the whole corpus, which is grounded at 1 m in the ground. The working methods of the beehive are in accordance with the principles of natural bee colonies keeping: to breed only local races - for each EU soil-climatic region; not to buy bees of foreign races; bee queens and drones should be gradually substituted using the local race. Thus, the bees will gradually become local; to keep bees in natural hives on a high frame. The hives must be heat-insulated and spacious, standing in one place throughout the year; the bees should never be fed on sugar and other artificial sweeteners (glucose-fructose syrup, etc.). The swarming colonies which have failed to collect food are fed with honey; honey should not be taken during the summer honey flow. The surplus amounts of honey should be taken after the end of the season in autumn or spring. For winter, the middling colonies should be left in the nest with at least 25 kg of honey; the bees should not be disturbed without any need. Only two major reviews should be done - in autumn and spring; the bees should be breeding only naturally through natural swarms; to allow the bees themselves to set up their winter nest, i.e. not to be arranged in the autumn by the beekeeper; not to treat bees with any preparations to be able to cope with the diseases themselves. If a weak colony dies, there is nothing fatal. From the survivors you will get a healthy and viable generation; the beekeeper must communicate with the bees with joy and respect, to consume their honey, to be healthy, and by all means to encourage the others to make their own apiary; to enable millions of inhabitants of the planet Earth to beerd in their yards one or two or more bee colonies exclusively for their joy and benefit of Nature. 1 claim, 3 figures

Description

(54) BEE HOUSING FOR NATURAL GROWING OF BEE FAMILIES

The utility model refers to a bee dwelling (bee hive) for the natural breeding of bee families, the methodology for working with it and the principles of natural bee breeding.

The technical nature of the utility model

The utility model is a bee house (bee hive) for the natural breeding of bee families, a methodology for working with it and rules for the natural breeding of bees. The bee dwelling is a warm and electromagnetically insulated, stationary, single-hive, tall frame, very close to the hollow - the usual dwelling place for bees in Europe (Figure 1)

What are its main features?

1. The tall frame allows the bees to live peacefully during the long winter, and the beekeeper does not worry about them all winter, until the first grazing of the orchards in the spring;

2. The large size of the enclosure enables the bees to develop throughout the active season and the beekeeper to engage in his specific activities, paying attention to the bees once, only at the end of the summer;

3. Good thermal insulation that provides good microclimate, temperature, humidity and gas exchange throughout the year;

4. The built-in and grounded aluminum insulation protects the bee mother and the bee from the negative effects of the Earth's electromagnetic field and static electricity in the atmosphere.

To date, the most common bee rearing systems are Langstrot-Ruth and Dadan-Blat. The first Langstrot-Route or multi-corps system was proposed by the American pastor Lorenzo Langstrot in 1852. The frame size is 435x230 mm. The second system was proposed by the American beekeeper of French origin, Charles Dadan. Its frame size is 435x300 mm. 90% of beekeepers in the world use these two beehive systems. Both have caused irreparable damage to beekeeping and bees. Their main disadvantages are the small volume, the continuous intervention in the bee nest by the beekeeper and, in particular, the height of the frames not sufficient for the wintering of the bee family.

During the last 200 years, due to the in-depth studies of beekeepers and professional beekeepers on the biology and natural habitation of the bee family, several definite conclusions have been made, which are the basis of the created bee dwelling for natural beekeeping. But there are two main scientific conclusions: the volume of the bee dwelling and the height of the frames. During one season, a strong bee family is able to build 15-18 dalan-swamp frames and fill with honey, parchment and brood of about 36, which are three whole horticultural dalan-blade hulls, or about 4.8 t ² wax cakes with size 435x300 mm. This means that the volume of the bee dwelling should be at least twice the size of the standard 12-frame huts of Dadan-Blat and 10-frame LangstrotRut and be about 0.2 t ³ in terms of frame height.

The bee family collects nectar and pollen from April to September, preparing for six months without any input from nature. When the temperature drops below 10 ° C, the bees make a winter ball about 25 cm in diameter. In winter, the orb moves only upwards at a speed of 1 mm per day. Ie In order to have enough food (feathers and honey) to allow them to easily survive the bees' months of harvest, they need a minimum of 180 mm of food supply over the orb. Therefore, the minimum height of the frames should be 430 mm, and there should also be a certain margin of 30-40 mm below and on the sides of the winter globe.

Bee Housing Parameters for Natural Breeding of Bee Families.

1. Housing.

Figure 2 shows the housing of the bee house for the natural breeding of bee families. It has the following internal dimensions: length 900 mm, height minimum 520 mm, width 450 mm. The body is made of whole boards with a thickness of 50 mm. The most natural material for hull construction is linden, but it can also be made of coniferous material, as well as sandwich panels of plywood and thermal insulation. The roof panel can be thinner than the walls of the hull, with the hinge attached to the hull in the front, towards the hinges. The roof panel is permanently mounted with a double-skinned heat-insulated roof. The bottom is movable, with hinges attached to the back wall of the housing so that it can be easily lowered and cleaned. It forms a lower shelf along its entire length of the hive with the front wall of the housing 10 mm wide. At the bottom, two centimeters from the lower slats of the frames, is a mesh frame that can be removed and cleaned both from the front and through the lid at the bottom of the back wall. On the front wall are cut two circular flaps with a diameter of 30 mm at a distance of 240-250 mm from the top and edge, around the sixth and eighteenth frames. The walls, bottom and roof panel are covered with thin aluminum plates (1-2 mm) on the outside, with a thin decorative lining (paneling or plywood).

2. Frames.

Figure 3 shows the tall frame that is used in accordance with the rules for the natural breeding of bee families. Their size is 435x445-460. Their number is 24. The top lath is 37.5 mm wide, with all 24 frames touching each other tightly, forming a solid roof over the bee family. The height of 445mm is the sum of a 300mm daan-swamp fruit frame plus a 145mm shop frame, which allows for an easy transition from the Dadan-Blat system to the natural growing system. The 460 mm height is the sum of two 230mm Routine Frames, allowing easy transition from the Langstrot-Route system to the natural breeding system. The upper and lower laths are milled so that they are thinned in the direction of the wax base and at the point of contact between the upper laths. The partition board is heat insulated and is 50 mm thick.

3. Accessories and layout.

The honeybee dwelling for natural rearing of bee families is placed on a metal frame 300-400 mm high, which is designed to allow the movable bottom to be opened for cleaning. The apiaries are stationary and stationary, preferably in forest areas. If they are indoors, an aluminum safety shield is required when opening.

Principles for the natural breeding of bee families.

1. Only local breeds should be grown for each EU soil and climate region. Don't buy bees from foreign breeds. Mothers and drones must gradually be replaced, using the local breed. In this way the bees will gradually become native;

2. To grow bees in natural hives on a tall frame. The hives should be warmly insulated and spacious, staying in one place throughout the year;

3. Never feed bees with sugar and other artificial sweeteners (glucose-fructose syrup, etc.). Roil families who have not been able to collect food are fed with honey;

4. Do not remove honey during summer honeymoon. Excess honey should be taken after the end of the season in autumn or spring. For the winter, leave at least 25 kg of honey in the nest for medium families;

5. Don't worry bees unnecessarily. Have only two major examinations - in the fall and in the spring;

6. Bees should only reproduce naturally through natural swarms;

7. To enable the bees to arrange their winter nest by themselves; not to be arranged in the fall by the beekeeper;

8. Do not treat bees with any preparations so that they can deal with the disease themselves. If a weak family dies, there is nothing to worry about. You will receive a healthy and viable generation from the survivors;

9. The beekeeper should communicate with the bees with joy and respect, consume their honey, be healthy, and by all means encourage others to make their own apiary.

10. May millions of inhabitants of planet Earth grow one, two or more bee families in their yards exclusively for their own joy and benefit.

Methodology for working with a home for natural breeding of bee families.

Beekeeper's actions in spring and summer. Spring Review.

It takes place after the weather warms

2687 W even in the presence of spring grazing. You need to have frames with wax bases, 3-4 tall frames per family. The hive opens and all the cakes in the empty part of the hive are removed in portable crates. Remove the partition board that is far from the base and the wax base next to it. It moves all the frames one by one into the free part of the hive, towards the opposite wall, which is far from the fold. At the same time, the frameworks are being revised. Because the upper boards of the frames touch, the bees cannot reach beyond the frames and stay calm.

At first you will see 2-3-4 frames filled with $ and honey and pollen, the stock is estimated. On inspection you will see an open and sealed file (marked with an ellipse). This is the nesting part of the family which, after the examination, must return to its new location 10 without placing the pies. The remaining frames may be empty or partially filled with copper and pollen.

If you have winterized bees with a lot of honey, it is good to remove excess honey, leaving about ten kilos of honey in the hive, no more. In the hive there are always 4 cakes, which are located on both sides of the saw (2 cakes on each side, they have pollen and printed honey to feed the file).

After the inspection, we begin to tidy up the place for future wintering, which the bees will prepare throughout the summer. First we put the 2 nice frames with honey and pollen (these are the two frames that were next to the saw, honey - copper and pollen - saw). Then we put 3-4 wax bases, follow the pies with the saw as they were before the inspection. Next to the file are the honey and pollen pies needed to feed the file as they were before the inspection. Return the rest of the low-fat cakes, if possible, as they were. We put a partition board. The black honey cakes are placed behind the partition board to be cleaned (after which we scrap them) and we close the hive.

Why is it stacked? Because this is the normal arrangement that bees do! On the end cakes near the hive wall, as a rule, the mother does not lay eggs. Therefore, honey and pollen pies were placed there, which were located before the inspection. On these two bees, the bees store water diluted with honey and pollen to feed the chicken. The bees will go to them for food and will quickly receive and build up the wax bases. As these newly constructed frames are close to the weir, the mother will inseminate them. The mother always strives to have the file near the drawbar.

It is very important that the saw is not disturbed, the frames with the saw are placed next to the wax bases in the same order as they were before the inspection. This preserves the integrity of the breeding area and the bees are able to maintain the necessary microclimate for the chicken.

There is a recommendation in the literature to put some of the wax bases in the middle of the saw for faster construction, but this is counterintuitive, especially since the bees build the wax bases perfectly when placed sideways on the saw.

With this spring inspection complete, the next 2 weeks (until steady warm weather) bees need not worry. The procedure takes a little time, during which time of the year the bees are inactive, and calmly tolerate this intervention.

Wintering

First expansion

Second expansion

What if the family is left without a mother, easily identified by the lack of a file? The easiest option is to bring 25 this family together with a family with a mother. For this, we simply move the motherless family into a hive where a review has already been made. In order to avoid conflicts and fights between bees, it is necessary to give them time for one day to be together. Families are separated from each other by a newspaper that the bees slowly break through or divide by a network for some time. Some beekeepers are trying to save 35 such families by giving them a frame with eggs and young larvae to produce their mothers. But breeding another family breaks his life cycle, which is contrary to our principles. Finding a mother early in the spring is a difficult task.

Since families without a mother in the spring have broken the life cycle and have no young bees, it is pointless to strive to preserve it.

It is better to create a swarm later in order to restore the apiary.

Once again, back to the basic meaning of the Spring Review.

One of the main tasks of the beekeeper is to ensure that the cakes are constantly updated in the breeding area of the hive. We solve this problem by placing wax bases next to the nest each spring and removing old cakes from the hive. Our interference in the life of the bees is small, because the integrity of the nest with the saw is not disturbed, we leave it as it was. Ie does not in any way disturb the nest, which is made of bees, and the whole we move it to the empty part of the hive, and place it next to the pies with wax bases.

The following question arises: is it possible, even at the spring examination, to fill the hive with cakes and wax foundations, and not pay attention to it until the fall?

For strong families it is quite possible.

Before the one-time expansion in April, 7-9 frames with saw

A one-time extension in April

Expansion of nests after spring inspection. In 1-2 weeks all beehives are opened, the roof is removed and the partition board moves to the sides. If the bees have begun to absorb the penultimate frame and crawl along the latter, move the partition board to the side and place 2-3 frames or frames with wax bases. If there are still no bees on the penultimate frame, it does not expand. These examinations, after the spring examination, take half an hour for the whole apiary. Beehives of strong families, which are completely filled with wax bases, are not noted and do not touch until the fall.

Autumn procedures.

The next step is to remove the extra honey and prepare the bees for the winter with the autumn inspection. When to do this?

It should not be done very early. There will be many bees in the hives, which are very aggressive during warm periods without grazing. There is a great danger of causing the theft between bee families caused by an open hive.

Very late extraction of honey is also not preferred. You have to make your own decision, taking into account your time and capabilities.

Preparing bees for the winter is based on two principles that we will repeat.

The first is - the total amount of honey left in the hive must be at least 25 kg for an average family.

The second is to be sure that the bees have arranged the nest for hibernation, without human intervention, in the best way for them. Our job is just not to prevent them from making their nest for the winter.

As for our hives that do not have a store, the nests prepared by bees should not be disturbed. So our job is to just extract the excess honey.

The procedure is simple - we remove the frames with copper, starting from the farthest part of the hive. There should be no more bees there, and no bees, since with the start of the cooler weather, the bees gradually begin to form a winter ball in front of the weir, by the end of which we are gradually approaching the removal of the pies.

Then there are two options. In the former, after the majority of honey pies are removed and bees are reached, the nest is examined pie by pie to determine how much honey is wintering. After this check, convinced that there is 25 kg of honey in the socket, we return the socket to its previous location with respect to the weir, without placing the pies. A partition board is put in and the hive is ready for winter.

After the main grazing in September

In the second variant: once we reach the nest, we lift the whole hive on the side of the nest, and weigh how much it weighs against another empty hive. And the nest is not inspected.

Taking honey in the fall is more convenient than in the spring, as in the winter honey absorbs moisture or may crystallize. But it is good to leave more honey to the families, with the excess going away in the spring. The bees

After removing the honey, wintering will not eat it. And those 10 kg that we leave to families in excess at spring check-up will return to us many times in the fall, etc. There should be surplus honey all year round in the hives, which has a positive effect on the reared saw and the strength of the families.

The beekeeper's main enemy is greed, which always goes hand in hand with dishonesty, and they are incompatible with the natural approach.

Exemplary implementation of the utility model

The bee dwelling for natural beekeeping (Figure 1) is a single-hull, single-volume beehive with a minimum volume of 0.2 t ³ . Figure 2 shows the beehive housing 1 for the natural breeding of bee families. It has the following minimum internal dimensions: length - 900 mm, height - minimum 520 mm, width - 450 mm. The body is made of whole boards with a thickness of 50 mm. The most natural material for hull construction is lime, but it can also be made of coniferous material, as well as sandwich panels of plywood and thermal insulation. Roof panel 2 may be thinner than the walls of the housing, with the hinge 4 being fastened to the housing by the hinges in front of the hinges 3. A two-tiled heat-insulated roof is permanently mounted on the roof panel 5. The bottom 6 is movable, with hinges 7 for the back wall of the housing so that it can easily be lowered and cleaned. It forms a lower shelf 3 along its entire length of the hive with the front wall of the housing 10 mm wide. At the bottom, two centimeters from the lower slats of the frames, is a mesh frame 8 that can be removed and cleaned both from the front and through the lid at the bottom of the back wall. On the front wall are cut two circular shutters 3 with a diameter of 30 mm at a distance of 240-250 mm from the top and edge, around the sixth and eighteenth frames 10. The walls, the bottom and the roof panel are covered with thin aluminum plates 9 (1-2 mm outside). ) and have a thin decorative lining (paneling or plywood). Figure 3 shows the tall frame 10, which is used in accordance with the rules for the natural rearing of bee families. Their minimum size is 435x445-460. The minimum number is 24. The upper lath 11 is 37.5 mm wide, with all 24 frames touching each other tightly, forming a dense roof over the bee family. The height of 445 mm is the sum of a 300 mm daan-swamp fruit frame plus a 145mm shop frame, which allows for an easy transition from the Dadan-Blat system to the natural growing system. The 460 mm height is the sum of two 230mm Routine Frames, allowing easy transition from the Langstrot-Route system to the natural breeding system. The upper and lower laths are milled so that they are thinned in the direction of the wax base and at the point of contact between the upper laths. The partition board is heat insulated and is 50 mm thick. The bee house for the natural rearing of bee families is placed on a metal frame 12 300-400 mm high, which is designed to allow the movable bottom to be opened for cleaning. The apiaries are stationary and stationary, preferably in forest areas. If they are outdoors, the aluminum shield must be used when opening.

Claims (1)

Claims A bee dwelling for the natural rearing of bee families, characterized in that it consists of a housing (1) made of whole deciduous or coniferous wood boards with a minimum thickness of 50 mm, the housing (1) having a volume of at least 0 , 2 t ³ , 900 m in length, 520 m in height and 450 m in width, the housing (1) consisting of a bottom (6), a front wall, a back wall, a roof panel (2), gripped to the housing (1) by hinges (4), with a double-skinned, heat-insulated roof (5) above the roof panel (2), and the bottom (6) is fastened with hinges (7) to the rear wall of the hull are (1) and a frame (8) is built into the bottom (6), with two circular flaps (3) cut out on the front wall of the housing (1), whereby the front wall, the back wall, the bottom (6) and the roof panels (2) are covered externally with thin aluminum plates (9), and in the housing (1) are framed close to each other (10) with a minimum size of 435x445x460, with the upper lath (11) of the frame (10) being with a width of 37.5 mm.