BG2445U1 - Hydroponic system for vegetable production - Google Patents

Abstract

This utility model relates to a hydroponic system for production of vegetable crops, which finds application in vegetable growing. Thus created hydroponic system for production of vegetable crops includes three functionally linked knots, such as heated reinforced concrete floor (12), recycling system with UV sterilizer (8) and feeding knot. The heated reinforced concrete floor (12) is separated into sectors with placed on them growth vessels (13), and is tilted towards the collector channel (18), built in the middle of the floor. Under each sector of the concrete floor (12) are formed drainage shafts (14), connected with the collector channel (18), as each drainage shaft (14) is linked via a valve (15) to drainage pipe (16) and filler pipe (17). The drainage pipe (16) is connected to reservoir (1) for drainage water, and the filler pipe (17) is connected to mixing vat (6). The feeding knot includes two reservoirs (10) for feeder solutions A and B and reservoir (11) for acidic solution, and is fitted with first sensor (4) for saline concentration of the solution and sensor (5) for the Ph. of the solution. The first sensor (4) and sensor (5) are connected to controller (7), as well as to the first filter (3). The recirculation system includes first pump (2) and second filter (3), placed between the reservoir (1) for drainage water and the UV-sterilizer (8), and second pump (2), placed next to the mixing vat (6). Next to the second filter (3) and the second pump (2) are located the second and third sensors (4) for saline concentration, connected to the controller (7), thus the components of the system are connected via PVC pipelines

Description

(54) HYDROPON SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTION OF VEGETABLE SEEDLINGS

Field of technology

This utility model refers to a hydroponic system for the production of vegetable seedlings, which will find application in agriculture and in particular in the production of vegetables.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Seedlings for vegetable production are grown in greenhouses, hothouses or other cultivation facilities, which create the most favorable conditions for its development nutrients, water, light and heat.

In the known conventional methods, the production of seedlings is carried out in peat substrates, perlite, vermiculite and stone wool with surface irrigation and fertilization. In case of insufficiently rich food mixture, mineral nutrition is necessary. In the initial stages of seedling development, the systems for its production need to supply nutrient solutions with high levels of phosphorus and nitrogen, which are important for root formation and the formation of maximum flowers and fruits.

The known production of seedlings has a number of disadvantages, for example, such as not producing leveled and standardized seedlings; a lot of manpower is needed; there is a risk of environmental pollution and it is difficult to fight diseases and pests.

Hydroponic technology for growing plants without soil is also known. In conventional plant growing technologies, nutrients and water are extracted from the soil, which is why plants have to expend a lot of energy to supply them. By expending this energy, plant growth is not as fast.

In hydroponic technology, nutrients and water are delivered directly to the roots of the plants, which allows the plants to grow faster. This leads to higher than average yields, regardless of where they are grown. Also, hydroponic technology allows to increase the growth of plants per square meter, as they do not have to fight weeds and each other for food and water that is in the soil, and food and water are delivered directly to them.

Therefore, the main difference between the two technologies is the way nutrients and water are delivered to plants.

No hydroponic system for seedling production is known.

Technical essence of the utility model

The task of the utility model is to create a hydroponic system for the production of vegetable seedlings, which is environmentally friendly and economical by recirculating the nutrient solution, as well as to provide controlled conditions in the growth environment, such as food, water-air and temperature regime in the area of the root system of seedlings.

The created hydroponic system for production of vegetable seedlings includes three functionally connected units, such as a heated reinforced concrete floor, a recirculation system with UV-sterilizer and a food unit. The heated reinforced concrete floor is separated into sectors with seedling containers located on them, and is inclined to a collecting channel made in the middle of the floor. Drainage shafts connected to the collecting channel are formed under each sector of the concrete floor, and each drainage shaft is connected by a valve with a drainage pipe and a filling pipe. The drain pipe is connected to a drainage water tank and the filling pipe is connected to a mixing bath.

The feed unit includes two nutrient solution tanks and an acid solution tank, and is equipped with a first solution for salt concentration of the solution and a pH sensor for the irrigation solution. The first salt concentration sensor and the pH sensor of the solution are connected to a controller as well as to a first filter.

The recirculation system includes a first pump and a second filter located between the drainage water tank and the UV sterilizer, and a second pump located after the mixing bath. After the second filter and the second pump, second and third salt concentration sensors are installed connected to the controller. The components of the system are connected via PVC pipes.

In one embodiment of the hydroponic system, according to the utility model, the slope of the concrete floor to the collecting channel is 3

ΚΊΙΓΗΜ * Κ »

2445 UI up to 5 mm / m.

It is possible to implement the hydroponic system according to the utility model, in which the sterilizer is a UV-lamp with a power of 12 KW for treatment against nematodes, fungi, viruses and tobacco mosaic.

The advantage of the created system is the provision of a favorable water-air regime in the area of the root system, as the risks of environmental and groundwater pollution are minimized. In addition, the system is economical and allows successful biological control of diseases and pests of seedlings, as well as high mechanization and automation of processes in the production of vegetable seedlings.

Explanation of the attached figures

This utility model is illustrated in the accompanying figures, where:

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydroponic system with nutrient solution recirculation;

Figure 2 is a front view of the heated reinforced concrete floor of the hydroponic system; and Figure 3 is a top view of the heated reinforced concrete floor of Figure 1.

Examples of implementation of the utility model

The created hydroponic system includes three main units, namely - heated reinforced concrete floor 12, recirculation system with UV sterilizer 8 and food unit.

The heated reinforced concrete floor 12, shown in Figures 2 and 3, is the most important unit of the system, which is why the requirements for it are high. The concrete floor 12 needs to withstand heavy loads, which is why it is reinforced with concrete iron with a diameter of 6 mm, which is a grid with a square size of 200 x 200 mm. In addition, the concrete floor 12 is provided with heating to ensure the optimum temperature in the area of the root system of the seedling (not higher than 26 ° C). The concrete floor 12, depending on the area, is separated into sectors, which ensures an even irrigation regime during operation. The slope of the floor 12 is from 3 to 5 mm / m to a collecting channel 18 made in the middle of the floor 12, which is 50 mm deep and 30 mm wide. Containers 13 with seedlings are located in the sectors of the concrete floor 12.

Drainage shafts 14 are formed under each sector of the concrete floor 12. The shafts 14 are connected to the collecting channel 18.

Each drainage shaft 14 is connected by a valve 15 to a drainage pipe 16 and a filling pipe 17. The drainage pipe 16 is connected to a drainage water tank 1, and the filling pipe 17 is connected to a mixing bath 6.

The feeding unit shown in Figure 1 is an electronic system with different watering and fertilizing programs in time and quantity, as well as in area and type of seedlings grown.

The food assembly includes a set of two tanks 10 for nutrient solutions A and B and a tank 11 for acid solution. The food unit is also equipped with two types of sensors - the first sensor 4 for salt concentration of the solution and the sensor 5 for pH (acidity) of the irrigation solution. The first sensor 4 and the sensor 5 are connected to a solution controller 7.

In addition, the feeding unit is equipped with 25 injection pumps for dosing solutions A and B, an injection pump for correcting the acidity of the solution (not shown in the figures), as well as a filter 3.

The nutrient solution for each sector of the greenhouse is fed through independent irrigation circuits. The control of the mixing of the nutrient solutions is performed with the first sensor 4, the sensor 5 and the controller 7.

The recirculation system shown in Figure 1 is made up of a system of PVC pipes, in which the supply and return of the nutrient solution is controlled by solenoid valves (not shown in the figure).

The recirculation system includes the drainage water tank 1, which through the first pump 2, the second filter 3 and the UV sterilizer 8 returns the nutrient solution to the mixing bath 6. After the second filter 3 and the second pump 2 located after the mixing bath 6, 45 second and third salt concentration sensors 4, which also supply data to the controller 7. The UV sterilizer 8 is designed to decontaminate the recirculating nutrient solution. Sterilizer 8 is a UV lamp with a power of 12 KW for treatment against nematodes, 5θ fungi, viruses and tobacco mosaic.

The hydroponic system for the production of

2445 UI vegetable seedlings are used as follows.

The nutrient solution is prepared according to a given recipe depending on the mineral composition of the irrigation water, the period of growing seedlings, climatic conditions and plant culture. The solution is fed into the greenhouse and floods the relevant sector to a height of 30 mm. The flooding lasts for 10 minutes, after which the sector is drained at a rate of 28 L / min through the return drainage pipes 16. The return nutrient solution passes through the UV sterilizer 8 for decontamination from any infection in the system. The decontaminated drainage solution enters the mixing bath 6, its composition is corrected and returned to the system.

Claims (3)

Claims Hydroponic system for the production of vegetable seedlings, characterized in that it comprises three functionally connected units, such as a heated reinforced concrete floor (12), a recirculating system with a UV sterilizer (8) and a food unit, wherein the heated reinforced concrete floor (12) is separated into sectors with seedling containers (13) located on them, and is inclined to a collecting channel (18) made in the middle of the floor (12), where under each sector of the concrete floor (12) are formed drainage shafts (14) connected to the collecting channel (18), each drainage shaft (14) being connected by a valve (15) to a drainage pipe (16) and a filling pipe (17), the drainage pipe (16) being connected with a tank (1) for drainage water, and the filling pipe (17) is connected to a mixing bath (6), wherein the feeding unit includes two tanks (10) for nutrient solutions A and B and a tank (11) for acid solution, and is equipped with a first sensor (4) for salt concentration of the solution and a sensor (5) for pH of the solution a, the first sensor (4) and the sensor (5) being connected to a controller (7) as well as to a first filter (3), and the recirculation system comprising a first pump (2) and a second filter (3) located between the tank (1) for drainage water and the UV sterilizer (8), and a second pump (2) located after the mixing bath (6), with second and third sensors installed after the second filter (3) and the second pump (2) ) for salt concentration connected to the controller (7), where the system components are connected via PVC pipes. Hydroponic system according to claim 1, characterized in that the slope of the floor (12) to the collecting channel (18) is from 3 to 5 mm / m. Hydroponic system according to claim 1, characterized in that the sterilizer (8) is a UV lamp with a power of 12 KW for treatment against nematodes, fungi, viruses and tobacco mosaic.