BE498806A - - Google Patents

Description

       

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  IMPROVEMENTS TO PRESSES TO PRINTS.



   The present invention relates to printing presses, and more particularly to a printing press for full color printing which is especially suitable for the printing of titles by type printing.
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 pographic, etched-j) or indirect The object of the invention is notexvment to provide a printing press which performs indirect polychrome prints with superimposed prints9 or typographic polychrome prints, or in gifted size ;, with. adjaoentee colors, from a single engraved form and in a single operation.



     Another object of the invention is to provide a polychrome printing press having means for inking the printing forms with one or more colors, or means for printing layers.
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 of rubber with '1m \ t)' U; p-lzs designs and one or more colors, means for obtaining a perfect squaring of the colors to be deposited on the form- d. \ 1: i :: mpre-iCïn, or the transfer layer in- ca & utehouc of the means for removing excess ink from the intaglio printing form, and means for continuously repeating the printing operations.



     A further object of the invention is to provide a printing press having means for carrying the printed sheets of the device.
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 tif printing at a xout table, so that they do not come into contact with any part of the machine, likely to scramble or dirty the print r-rdcl1e
Another object of the invention is to provide means for cleaning the intaglio shape, s, inked by one or more colors.

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Other objects or objects of the invention will emerge from the description given below.



   Securities and banknotes are usually printed by superimposing several impressions which are obtained by dif- ferent processes.
Some prints, called "by protection of the field or the background", are printed by letterpress or by offset, with the intention of making their counterfeiting almost impossible because of the difficulty of selecting, by photograph, the elements which, in different colors, make up said backgrounds, and because of the perfect correspondence with which they were printed.

   Other prints, superimposed on said backgrounds, constitute the main part of the printed title and are usually made by intaglio printing which, from originals engraved by the tool in copper or steel, allow the highest level of technical and artistic perfection to be achieved, as well as effective protection against counterfeiters.



   Title printing can also be done by a single printing mode, but, in general, for security reasons, the backgrounds are printed by letterpress- or offset, with colors and designs superimposed, and the main part by intaglio with a single color
It is well known that letterpress and intaglio printing are based on the following principles: an inking device inks a printing element (cylinder, plate or the like) and the latter performs printing when brought into contact. with the paper.



   Indirect printing, on the contrary, is based on the principle according to an inking device inks an engraved element (plate, cylinder or the like), the latter- transfers the design-, onto a rubber element or any other suitable material ,, which in turn effects the impression when brought into contact with the papiero
Polychrome printing methods have been known for many years. One of the simplest consists in printing on a sheet of paper, or other suitable material, a single color image by means of as many clichés or engraved shapes as there are colors to print In all the processes of the species,

   the main difficulty lies in the correct matching of the different superimposed designs, each of which is usually printed with a different color.



   Another known process for full color printing involves inking a single engraved shape, or cliché, with different inks of different colors, distributed over separate surfaces of the shape, and subsequent printing onto paper or any other. appropriate material; in a single operation, of all the adjacent colors with which the shape is inked.

   This process was described for the first time in American patent (USA) No. 1,108,063 of August 18, 1914, in the name of Po Bonniero. Said printing processes, completely different from each other, require different presses for their implementation
In intaglio printing, the superposition of two or more colors, printed by two or more printing elements of the same press, is.

   This is due to the fact that the print of the first design and the first color still fresh, comes into contact with another printing element, and thus becomes

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 only dirty, due to the large amount of ink required for intaglio printing, but also dirties the printing unit (plate, cylinder- or the like) thus causing blurring of colors and patterns.
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  In fact, while for the typographic and indirect session there are full-color presses with several printing elements,
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 there are no presses with multiple printing elements for full color intaglio printing.



  It is well known that intaglio printing is generally performed with pre-moistened paper. This is due to the fact that in intaglio printing, the paper must be depressed in the grooves of the form to cause the paper to take ink. that is there. This operation is carried out by means of a strong pressure
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 between the pressure cylinder, known as the "D" roll, and the press form, between which the paper passes during the printing operation.

   When dry paper is used, and since the paper for title printing must have a high degree of strength which gives great hardness, the pressure demanded of the intaglio printing press is enormous. In addition to the. makes that the presses- which give sufficient pressure- are rare, the dimensions of the paper change
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 when subjected to these high pressures :. this does not allow a large number of intaglio prints with dry paper
Various intaglio prints with moistened paper logically require successful moistening and drying of the paper.

   It is well known that the moistening and drying operations alter the dimensions of the paper in such a way that there is a difference between the sheets. Therefore, it is not possible to obtain a perfect correspondence between the different superimposed designs and colors.



   As a result, when moistened paper is used, intaglio printing with superimposed designs and colors can be obtained for a small number of them, while full color printing can be obtained by means of. of a unique shape The shape
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 printing executes the printing in one operationa It is well known that during intaglio printing, the surface of the form is cleaned by wiping and polishing, prior to each printing to remove 19enere deposited by the 'inking and not repressed in the grooves.



  So far, said cleaning has been carried out by successive rubbing of the printing form with slats, fabrics, papers, rolls, or other materials, some of which may be joined.
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 These polishing devices did not allow 1-eimpres & iar ± - polychrome with different colors .. adja-aeees from- a single shape, engraved, because they determine, necessarily, as a consequence of their action of friction and their repeated passages, the- mixture- of- various colors retained in the grooves of the form.



   The cleaning operation, carried out by means of a single wiping cylinder rotating at the same relative speed of the printing element =
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 Zion (than-in-other known procedures), cannot be performed because the wiper cylinder must have a speed greater than that of the printing isolation.



   In fact, since inks for title printing, soft size must be very dense, it is difficult to remove them from the printing form. and, for this, a friction of the wiper cylinder
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 ge against $ 1 d9ssio element is needed, so that along

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 of the ideal nip, the removal of excess ink deposited on the intaglio, inked, multi-color form can be performed.
It is evident that the greater speed of the wiping cylinder relative to that of the printing element is the factor which determines the perfect cleaning of the intaglio plate, inked by several colors.



   In addition, it is well known that the sheets, printed by the intaglio process, contain an amount of ink, determined by the depth of the grooves; since this quantity of ink requires a certain time to dry, it is necessary to interpose a sheet between one printed sheet and the next.

   The interlayer operation has always been carried out by hand, with the constant risk that the interlayer sheet could scratch the printed sheet and damage the print.,
Until now, no press has been able to perform polychrome printing in intaglio, letterpress, or indirect, without changing any mechanical element, this press performing direct polychrome printing from '' a single intaglio or letterpress shape and indirect printing with overlapping designs and colors, from several shapes or other printing elements
In the field of titles, no press has hitherto been able to perform polychrome printing of backgrounds by letterpress or indirect printing and printing of the main part by intaglio printing.

   For this, the paper had to be printed by successive prints in different presses.



   The present invention provides a press particularly well suited for printing titles and which eliminates all the aforementioned drawbacks.



   The printing press according to the invention consists essentially of a paper feed device for supplying the sheets to be printed, working with dry or moistened sheets and serving as the feed when printing with one or more sheets. two forms; a drum of fairly large diameter on which, at opposite sides, two forms can be placed for direct printing with two rubber layers for indirect printing; a printing cylinder, commonly called a "D" roller, placed on top of the previous one, having the same diameter and rotating in the opposite direction with respect to the bearing cylinder. shape them? or layers of rubber; un- wiping cylinder rotating in the same direction as the cylinder bearing the forms;

   a certain number of rollers (for example five) mounted in the frame of the press and provided with eccentric supports (said eccentric supports allowing the approach or the retreat of the rollers with respect to the form), the rollers also being provided with devices which allow them an axial and circular movement; an endless conveyor carrying the elastic and independent grippers to pick up the printed sheets from the "D" roll and bring them to the output table; blow nozzles to hold the paper as it moves from the "D" roll to the exit table;

   a paper feed device, synchronized with the feed device for the paper to be printed, to provide an interleaving sheet, an output table for the interleaved and printed paper, placed at such a distance from the carriage carrying the inking units that, in the remaining space, the operator can control the quality of the printing and adjust the inking at the same time; anda number of inking groups (for example five) mounted on a carriage and arranged to perform inking in intaglio printing

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 typographical, or indirect.



   For the better understanding of the invention, an advantageous embodiment of the press is shown in the accompanying drawings.
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 In these drawings, the gears and shafts interconnecting, various parts of the press, and certain other parts have been omitted for clarity, but all of these will be obvious to those skilled in the art.
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 Figure 1 is a side view of the limpr: i: me-r-ie press, showing a partial cross section
Figure 2 shows a cross section of the cleaning and wiping device.



   Figure 3 is a side view of the interleaving device, showing a partial section
Figure 4 shows one of the endless chain clamps
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 passing near dir roll IIJ) to take the printed sheet Figure 5 represents- a. pliers of the endless chain as it picks up the interlayer sheet.



   Figure 6- is a sectional view of a portion of the pressure cylinder with the mechanism for picking up the sheet from the feeder and passing it to. endless chain pliers.



   Figures 7 and 8 show how the ink rollers ink a shape (the length of the shape has been exaggerated somewhat).



   Figure 9 is a sectional view of an inking roller mounted on an eccentric support
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 Figure 10 is a sectional view along the line Ek-Ek 'of figure 9.



   FIG. 11 is a side view of the cover of the eccentric support ;. mounted on the frame of the press and provided with a handwheel, a scale and an index for pressure adjustment.



   According to the drawings, the press comprises a frame 1 on which a cylinder 2 bearing a shape (figure 1) is mounted, to rotate,
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 on a shaft 3 This cylinder has two opposite seats - 4 and 5 on which the elements d: impres () n or transfer 6 and - 7 can be leaked Screws 8, 9, 10 and 11 , shaking on crampons or legs 12, 13, 14 and 15, fix the deâxprasiox2 or transfer elements 6 and 7 and allow their position to be adjusted on the cylinder 2. To this end,
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 a millimeter rule is engraved on the edges of the sectors of cylinder 2. Shaft 3 is connected to the axis of the press motor by means of a suitable transmission, this axis and this transmission n 'being not shown in the drawings because they are obvious.



   Five supports 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20 are suitable for the frame when the press prints full color prints from a single printing form, - inked- by ink rollers, ink rollers 21,
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 22, 23, 24 and 25 are rotatably adapted to said supports. 0 The same ink rollers can be used for letterpress or intaglio printing. For indirect printing, des. Indirect engraved cylinders- aapessixn are suitable for carriers 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20 instead of inking rollers.



   FIG. 9 represents, in section, an ink roller (or a cy-

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 engraved linder) comprising all the working parts subjecting its radial, circular and axial movement.



   The shaft 207 (FIG. 9) of the ink roller is mounted in a support 200 of which a ball bearing is shown. A collar 210 is used to fix the ball bearing 201 to the support 200
A toothed wheel 211 is fixed to the shaft 207. This wheel engages with a toothed wheel of the cylinder 2, so that the rotation of the inking roller is controlled by the latter, and, logically, in the opposite direction.



   The support 200 is mounted on the frame 1 of the press and has a cover 2120 A handwheel 203 is placed on the cover 212. This flywheel is integral with a toothed wheel 216, the speed of which is reduced by a toothed sector 217 of the eccentric support 200.



   As a result of the reduction in speed between the toothed wheel 216 of the handwheel 203 and the toothed sector 217, a rotation of the handwheel causes a micrometric movement of the eccentric support 200 and, thus, an approach or retreat movement of the. ink roller relative to the cylinder carrying the form.



   The cover 212 with the handwheel 203 are shown in Figure 11. This cover is fixed to the frame of the press by means of nuts 213, and, moreover, a scale 214 and an index 215 are provided on the cover for measure the pressure of the ink roller on the printing form.



   Returning to Figure 9, it is possible to see that the shaft 207 of the roller 206 is locked in the support 200 by means of a screw 204.



  This screw 204 which, being obvious, is not shown in the drawing on the other side, can be screwed or unscrewed, thus determining the axial micrometric movement of the shaft 207 and, from there, of the ink roller. relative to cylinder 2.



     In Fig. 9, a section of the ink roller with its main parts is shown as follows: a tubular section, hereinafter called tube 209, constitutes the main part of the roller; a cover 205, 206 of an elastic material depending on the print species; and two collars 227 at the edge of the tube 209, which allow the blocking of the tube 209 on the shaft 2070
These two collars 227 have two bars 217 and 218 which are better represented in FIG. 10. These two bars 217 and 218 have two toothed micrometric screws 219 and 220 which push on a projecting pin 224 which is integral with the collar 227.

   When the screw 219 is screwed and the screw 220 is unscrewed, or vice versa, the collar 227 turns micrometrically As the collar 227 blocks the tube 209, this one causes the micrometric rotation of the whole roller on the shaft 207 and, thus, the correct placement of the roller coating is possible in connection with the engraving of the form.



   Two pointed teeth 221, pushed by des.ressors 222 and 223 against the teeth of the screws 219 and 220 preventing the unscrewing thereof when the press is working.



   When the correct placement of the elastic coating of the ink roller has been obtained, two screws 226 and 225 block the assembly which constitutes the roller.



   In summary, ink rollers for letterpress printing

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 or 19! intaglio printing, or the engraved cylinders for indirect printing, have a radial movement thanks to an eccentric support, - this allows the variation of their pressure against the printing form or the transfer element . The ink rollers or the engraved cylinder can also perform an axial and circular movement for their setting.
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 correctly positioned in relation to the printing form.



   A wiping and cleaning device is mounted on the frame 1 in the position shown in Figure 1. It consists in particular (see
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 Figure Bzz in a wiping cylinder 26 covered, or made of an elastic material, rotatably mounted in the frame of the press. This 26-cylinder rotates in the same direction as the 2-cylinder and is connected by appropriate transmissions to the press motor.
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 a movement o @ il1a; toi: F'e not in phase with its rotation ;, and rotates with a determined peripheral speed greater than that of cylinder 2 carrying the form. The cleaning cylinder performs a rubbing action on the surface of the forms whenever it needs to clean the forms.

   The contact between the cylinder 26 and the form-on-the-cylinder 2 is made in practice along a line and for this reason 9 P wiping is done without removing and without mixing the different colors, driven back into the engravings of the form by the Inking rollers.The adjustment of the pressure of the cylinder 26 on the shape of the cylinder 2 is obtained by means of an eccentric support, in which the shaft of the cylinder 26 rotates.
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 metal cylinder 27 is mounted on the eadre 1 of the press in the polishing shown in figure 1.

   The diameter of cylinder 27 (Figure 2) is larger than that of cylinder 26, so as to present a larger surface.
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 that the wiper cylinder 26 This, and the higher speed of the cylinder 279 makes the grip of cylinder 26, adheres a very thin layer to the surface of cylinder 27. The adjustment of the pressure pressure of cylinder 27 on cylinder 26 is obtained thanks to mr eccentric support, in which rotates 19 shaft of cylinder 2i Cylinder 27 rotates in the same direction as cylinder 26. but has a predetermined peripheral speed , larger- than cylinder seat- 26.



   Cylinder 27 does not perform an oscillatory movement because
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 that it takes advantage of the oscillatory movement of the cylinder 260 Its rotation is obtained by the cylinder 26 by means of an appropriate gear.



  The exxuyagsr of the cylinder 26- is carried out by the cylinder 27, based on the same principle, which causes the cleaning of the printing form by means of the eylinder z0 A series- d.etge 28 are located over the entire width of the cylinder 27, in the position indicated in figure 2. These nozzles launch a violent jet of liquid on the cylinder 29 their direction, being slightly secant with respect to the periphery of the cylinder 27 and in the opposite direction with respect to the peripheral displacementr of cylinder 27 These liquid jets remove 19 enere from cylinder 29 continued a- Mechanical-inaction due to violence, pressure, and direction of jets.



  A screen 7 with an outlet tube 29g collects all the liquid and any ink removed from cylinder 27 by the liquid jets and directs them to the outlet tube 29.
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  A scraper 30, driven by an oscillatory movement, is placed in tangential contact with the cylinder 279 in the position shown in FIG. 2. It is mounted on a support 31, having vis- d9um tage 32 and 33 j this scraper prevents - the return of a possible veil of enere on the cylinder 26, e 9 i had remained on the cylinder 27 notwithstanding the cleaning operation.



  A series of nozzles 34 are arranged between the scraper 30 and the point of contact of the cylinder 26 with the cylinder 27 (figure 2).

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 launch a large number of hot air jets to remove any moisture remaining on the surface of the cylinder 27.



   For this reason, the wiping operation is as follows: cylinder 26 cleans the form placed on cylinder 2; cylinder 27 cleans cylinder 26; the liquid jets launched by the nozzles 28 clean the cylinder 27; the scraper 30 completes the cleaning of the cylinder 27; and the hot air jets launched by the nozzles 34 dry the cylinder 27.



   By means of this wiping and polishing device, the operation is carried out uninterrupted.
A pressure cylinder 38 (Figure 1) having the same diameter as cylinder 2 is rotatably mounted on frame 1, so as to exert adjustable pressure on cylinder 2. This cylinder 38 has an edge at one end. toothed which meshes with the toothed wheel of cylinder 2, so as to be rotated by the latter; and, logically, in the opposite direction.

   On the cylinder 38 are clamps which take the sheet of paper from the feeder and hold it on the surface of the cylinder until said sheet, after the printing operation, passes through the cylinders. clamps mounted on chains that bring it to the output table
Automatic feeders 39 and 91 (Figure 1) for the paper to be printed and for the interleaving sheet are of the sheet-by-sheet reloading type, with suction cups to transport the sheet, and work with dry or moist paper and feed the press when printing with one or two shapes. These feeders are provided with mechanisms to transport the sheet perfectly in correspondence and on the right.

   A ramp 40 brings the sheet of paper to the top of roll "D" 38. There is a bar 41 rotatably mounted on an axis 42.



   The bar 41 is controlled by a rod 43, articulated at the end of a lever 44 which is fixed on a shaft 450 On the shaft 4.5, another lever, not shown in the drawings, is fitted; said lever rotates in contact with an eccentric sector mounted on cylinder 38, and therefore lever 44 rotates and rod 43 moves and 1a; bar 41 is rotated In this way, a sheet of paper which has been stopped by bar 41 is free to pass when bar 41 is rotated
On a carriage 51, moving on rollers 52 in a running track of the frame (FIG. 1), five groups of inks are fitted.

   This carriage can be locked into the working position by means of pivots 53 (one on each side of the carriage) engaging in hooks 54. Figure 1 shows four ink units? in side view- and one in cross-section. Each group consists of a tilting ink reservoir 55 which supplies ink to a roll 56 and a series of rollers 57 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63 and 64, which carry ink from roll 56 to the rollers. 65 and 66.

   The rollers 58, 59 and 60 are mounted so a. also receive a lateral reciprocating motion, so as to distribute and evenly grind the ink. Rollers 61, 62, 63 and 64 serve to transport ink from roll 58 to roll 60.



   The rollers 65 and 66 are mounted, to rotate, on adjustable oscillating supports, so as to obtain perfect contact between the rollers 65 and 66 and the inking rollers 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25; in addition, they have a micrometric adjustment of the passage of 1-ink.



  When the carriage 51 is hooked to the hook 54, one or more of the inking groups can be put to rest by simply opening the supports, corresponding 67 and 68 or by triggering these groups by means of a transmission 70.

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   The gears and shafts controlling the rollers are enclosed in housings 69 and 71o These gears are connected to an endless transmission screw, parallel to the track of the carriage 51, and connected to the motor of the press
It should be noted that the ink units can work both when the carriage is in the working position and when it is withdrawn from the five ink rollers.



     This possibility allows the. automatic washing of the ink units and the first adjustment.



   On the opposite sides of the cylinder 38 (see FIG. 6), two axes 136 and 137 are adapted. Along these axes is adapted a set of pliers. Figure 6 shows a clamp 50 mounted on the axis 136 and another 135 on the axis 137 On 1-axis 136 are fixed two arms 138 and 139 in different planes Similar arms 140 and 141 are fixed; in the same way, on the axis 1370 Diantre leaves, arms 142 and 143 are fixed to the axes 137 and 136.

   The arms 142 and 143 are connected by a device exerting opposing forces on the arms 142 and 1430 This device consists of a rod 144, articulated at one end to the arm 142 by means of a pin 145; the other end enters a tube 146 which is connected to the arm 143 by means of a pin 1470 In this way the rod 144 can slide in the tube 146.

   The tube 146 has a seat 148 and a collar 149 is secured to the rod 144 by means of a screw 1500 Between the seats 148 and the collar 149, and surrounding the rod 144, is placed an expansion spring 151. 152 and 153 are attached to frame 1 of the printing press the anchor 152 is
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 located near the lower end of the feed ramp 40 39 and the peg 153 is placed near the edge of a conveyor 73 (figure 1.) As seen in figure 6r 1! sque- the arm 14.1? during the rotation of the cylinder 38, hits the pin 153, the shaft 137 is put in
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 rotation and- the gripper 135 occupies the position indicated- in figure 6 for the pine- 500 Simultaneously the arm 13 &,

   hitting the ankle 152, causes the clamp '50 to push against its seat 155 taking the position shown in Figure 6 for the clamp 1350 A similar seat 154 is provided for the piss 135.



   The endless conveyor 73 (Figure 1), consisting of two parallel chains, is mounted on wheels 74, 75, 76, 77, 78 and 79. The wheel 76 is provided with means for putting the chain under tension. These tensioning means consist (Figure 3) of a frame- 80 :, fixed to the frame 1 of the press- and having arms 81 and 82 surrounding the block 83. In this block 83 is mounted the shaft 84 of the wheel 76. 'Un- screw
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 85 can push the block 830 A nut 86, attached to the mwmrd9a rod to the block g-3a prevents the leaves from grazing the interfaliagwo device On-the chains of the endless conveyor fixed- clamps 87.

   These pliers
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 are spaced by a distance equal to the peripheral distance separating the clamps 50 and 135 of the cylinder 38 (figure 1). The endless conveyor moves in the direction indicated by the arrow A in figure 1, at a speed equal to the peripheral speed of cylinder 38. A suitable gear connecting the cylinder. 38 to control wheel 74, ensure this -speed. Below the endless conveyor 73 are placed a number of air blowing nozzles.

   These nozzles direct their
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 jets upwards, in direction ëontraf1 ': re in relation to the movement of the transporter. A pressurized air tank, not shown in the drawings, provided
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 The endless conveyor feeds the printed sheet to an infeed device8 arranged on the pump - shown in figure 1 and illustrated in figure 30e. This end includes a ramp 90 connected to an automatic feeder 91 (Figure 1) which may be-of-any known species. Desirably, the feed device 91 is of the same species as the feed device 39-.

   A shaft 92 is fitted to the frame 1 below the ramp 90 and is connected by means of a suitable gear to the motor of the press, so that., While the cylinder 2

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 executes one complete revolution, the shaft 92 executes two of them Two opposed cams 93 and 94 are fixed on the shaft 92. Said cams are not in the same plane., The cam 93 acts on a mounted roller 95 rotating at one end of a lever 96 rotating about an axis 97 (Figure 3). The other end of lever 96 has an arched surface flush with ramp 90 and a protrusion 104, holding a plate 105 for retaining sheets of paper. A spring 182, acting on the lever 96, pushes the roller 95 towards the shaft 92.

   The cam 94 acts on a roller 99 mounted at one end of a lever 100 rotating on an axis 101.



   The other end of lever 100 is connected, by a rod 102, to a lever 103, having a curved portion 1031 for lifting a roller 1060
Said roller. Is mounted on a rod 107 which is fixed in a housing
108 attached to frame 1. A spring, located in this housing, pushes the rod
107 down. A spring 114 acts on a lever 103 and pushes the roller
95 towards shaft 92. Roller 106 extends through the path of the sheet on ramp 90.

   In the position shown in Figure 3, a sheet of paper, brought to the ramp 90, can pass between the roll
106 and ramp 90; it is stopped by a plate 105. When the tree
92 rotates, the cam 94 lifts the roller 99 and, therefore, the lever
103 also rotates, with the effect that the roller 106 comes into contact with the arched portion 98 of the lever 96, thereby pressing the sheet of paper.



   When the rotation of the shaft 92- continues, the cam 93 lifts the roller
95 and then the lever 96 rotates around the axis 97. Simultaneously, the square 105 goes down and the sheet of paper is directed forward by the bent part 98 and by the roller 106. The sheet is then taken by the grippers 87 in a way to be explained later. o
The clamps 87 are shown fairly clearly in Figures 4 and 5. They are mounted in groups on shafts carried by two chains so as to be fixed on the same transverse line of the carrier. These clamps consist of an on frame. body 115 on which its ;; ' fixed shafts 116, 117 and 118. Said shafts are common to the other clamps located between the two chains, on the same line as that shown in figure 4.

   On the shaft 116 is fixed a ring 119 which has a projection 120 which has a seat 121 of rubber or the like, on which the ends of the fingers 122 and 123 rest. The finger 122 is fixed to the shaft 117. which is rotatably mounted on the frame 115. An arm 124 is also fixed to a shaft 117 and has a roller 125 fixed at its end. A spring 126 urges shaft 117, and hence finger 122, against seat 121. Finger 123 is secured to shaft 118, which is rotatably mounted on frame 115. An arm 127 is also attached to the seat. shaft 118 and has a roller 128 attached to its end.

   A corresponding spring 129 pushes the finger 123 against the seat 121. The arms 124 and 127 are not in the same vertical plane, although they are parallel. It can be seen that when the arms 127 and 124 are pushed upwards. at the bottom, the fingers 122 and 123 separate from the seat 121. These clamps work as follows:

    around 11 'shaft of control wheel 74 (see figure 4), two parallel cams 130 and 131 are placed so that when each group of grippers 87 reaches pressure cylinder 38, said cams push simultaneously the rollers 125 and 128, thus separating the fingers 122 and 123 from their common seat 121. At this moment, the device of the cylinder 38 deposits a printed sheet in the space between the seat 121 and the fingers 122 and 123. As soon as the action of cams 130 and 131 ceases, fingers 122 and 123 close and hold the sheet against seat 121
The group of grippers 87 works, in the interlayer device, as shown in FIG. 5. Around the shaft 84 of the wheel 76 is fixed a cam 132.

   This cam is on the path of the arm and roller 128, but not on the path 125. When a group of grippers arrives at the interleaving device, the arm 127 is pushed down by the roller 128 and finger 123 opens, while finger 122 continues to hold the printed sheet of paper. To this

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 moment, as explained above, the plate 105 descends and allows an interleaving sheet to slide on the ramp 90 and enter the space between the finger 123 and the seat 1210 As soon as Inaction of the cam 132 ceases the finger 123 closes and retains the interfacing sheet = - binding.

   This is taken by the finger- 123 at the same time as a printed sheet carried by the finger 1220 Around the shaft of the wheel 77 (see figure 3) two cams- 133 and 134, of the same size that the cams
130 and 131, are fixed When the rollers 125 and 128 are pushed downward by said cams, they open the fingers of the grippers and, thus
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 if, the printed sheet and the olie.ge binder sheet are released and can fall on the output table 110.



   The output table 110 (Figure 1) is located so as to be able to receive the printed and interleaved sheets, deposited by the clamps 87 when they arrive at the wheel 77.



   It is clear that the exit table must descend when the
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 sheets 9 stack on top of it, to keep the top of the stack at a level lower than that of the ramp 90 (see figure-3). To this end, the output table 110 is attached to a ratchet mechanism 111, controlled by a lever 112, connected to an arm 113 fixed to the lever 96. When the
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 lever 96 rotates allowing a sheet of interbinding to enter, lever 113 also rotates and transmits rotation to a shaft 135 through lever 112. The rotation of Parera- 1E35 lowers the output table l100
The inking units of this press allow perfect inking for letterpress, intaglio, or indirect printing.
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  They carry out an important grinding, as which is necessary for the letterpress printing and indirect being there also a. even to feed the ink roller with the necessary amount of enere- to- fill- the-
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 hollow of the engraved plate (impre-ssioBr en- size; endowed :) 0- Moreover, in the said groups, the passage of the ink can be-regulated-in a miero- way.
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 metric which always guarantees an identity & 13 enorage and, consequently, printing. For this reason this possibility makes it possible to print any work in five colors by letterpress printing, intaglio, or indireoete, with the same press without changing mechanical elements.



   During letterpress printing or intaglio printing, the elastic material coating the five ink rollers of the press is left only on the parts which are to take hold.
 EMI11.7
 19enors and return it to the corresponding parts of-the- form-d4printo Therefore, it is not-sible to print titles- in a single operation and from dl-ans, only engraved form, thus obtaining 1 COIT = tinu -ity- of the line of.- la- gravare (drawing -) - and changing- color- at the vo-ulusc places.

   D)) In the course of the first printing operation, it is possible to obtain the desired values of the pressure of the inking roller on the printing form. This produces a crush always-
 EMI11.8
 identical to the material e3.arstiqa.e- coating the roll and, therefore, y- coloring- always- identical- titles printed- by intaglio or letterpress printingo The perfect match of the printing-
 EMI11.9
 indirect connection with drawings:

   and- ooulears- superimposed is always guaranteed because five engraved cylind-rae 21, 229 23rd 24 and 25 are put in- rotation by a single gear- mounts. on the cylinder 2.pela determines that the engraved parts of the. cylinder 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25, always touch the same identical weights- of the- common transfer elements 6 and 7, which transfer to the paper 1-the compound image- in- one
 EMI11.10
 operation-o To demonstrate the extreme simplicity of the work of the printing press by letterpress, intaglio or indirect printing, with up to five eoulpux, the various phases of its operation are

 <Desc / Clms Page number 12>

 during the three different printing operations, will be described below.



   The operation of the press during intaglio printing is as follows: the intaglio printing forms 6 and 7 (figure 1) are mounted on cylinder 2 in the desired position using the micrometric rulers marked on the edges of the sectors 4 and 5 which bear the shape and the reference lines, engraved on the shapes which are then fixed to the sectors 4 and 5 by means of the studs 12, 13, 14 and 15.

   The ink rollers 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25, the preparation of which is the subject of another patent application, are mounted in their supports 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20 and their adjustment is effected by means of - in eccentric supports 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20 by means of the particular mechanism which allows the axial and circular micrometric displacements of the inking rollers.



   Subsequently, the first adjustment of the inking units mounted on the carriage 51 is carried out so that there is on the rollers 65 and 66 the quantity of ink necessary for printing in soft size, the carriage 51, carrying the inking units, is approached by the ink rollers and it is hooked to the hook 54 by means of the pivot 530 Then, the final inking adjustment is carried out, until the ink rollers 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25 have the necessary amount of ink to fill the grooves of the intaglio shapes
When the inking is perfectly assured, the adjustment of the cleaning of the forms is carried out. This adjustment is obtained by varying the pressure of the cylinder 26 against the forms,

   until the wiper cylinder fulfills its role perfectly. After the above operations, printing begins.



   A sheet of paper (dry or wet), supplied by the feed device 39, slides on the ramp 40 and is retained by the bar 41. When said bar, connected to a suitable transmission, rotates around its axis 42 , the sheet is free to pass and it is taken by the series of clamps 135 which close and bring it to the cylinder, 38.

   It is clear that this operation is preceded by the perfect matching and squaring of the sheet, this operation is obtained with the help of a suitable mechanism.
Simultaneously with the aforementioned 1-operation, the cylinder 2 rotates and the printing form 7, attached to it, successively contacts the inking rollers 21, 22, 23, 24 and- 250 Each of this? ink rollers deposited a different ink on the form 7. As can be seen in Figures 7 and 8, the surface of each ink roller is cleared so as to furnish it with protruding areas and inking 156, 157, 158,

   159 and 160 whose dimensions correspond exactly to the areas to be inked of the printing form (155e, 155a, 155b, 155c and 155d) o As the printing form progresses, the ink rollers roll there and deposit the colored inks differently in the appropriate places It is understood that these ink rollers can be formed by any method, but the best effects are obtained when they are made by a method which is the subject of another patent application of the United States. applicant
Returning to Figure 1, it can be seen that the printing form 7, therefore inked with several inks, comes into contact with the cylinder 26 which removes from the surface of the form the surplus ink not discharged into the grooves of the form,

  --and this without removing or mixing the inks contained in the grooves. Furthermore, the wiping cylinder, following its function described above, in addition to cleaning the surface of the form, further discharges 1-ink contained in the grooves The printing form 7 thus inked and cleaned, then meets the sheet of paper - carried and pressed by cylinder 38 and makes an impression

 <Desc / Clms Page number 13>

 The result will be an intaglio print with five adjacent colors distributed on the desired surfaces.



   The sheet of paper is still held by the clamps 135 until their arm hits the peg 153 opening the clamps (see figures
 EMI13.1
 1 and 6) 0- At this moment, a group of pins 87 turns around the wheel 74, its arms 124 and 127 (see figure 4) having touched the cams 130 and 131 and
 EMI13.2
 having momentarily opened the fingers 122 and 1230 They thus take the printed sheet by pressing it against the seat 1210 The group of grippers 87 carries the sheet following the path indicated by the arrow A of the
 EMI13.3
 figure 1 juaqu9à what happens to the wheel 760 o At this moment as described above the dedgt 123 of the clamp 87 (figure 5) opens to take the-.

   interlayer sheet, supplied by the feeder 91, so that the printed sheet and the interlayer sheet are carried by the same group of grippers to the wheel 77. Then, the grippers 87 open and at the same time, leave the two sheets (which thus freed) fall on the output table 110.



   It should be noted that the printed sheet follows the path indicated by the arrow A, the printed side facing down, it is returned-
 EMI13.4
 Born on wheel 76 so that the interleaf sheet comes to the back (unprinted) side of the sheet. When the two sheets fall on the output table they rest on the previously deposited sheets exactly stacked and thus friction is avoided.
While the sheet is carried by the conveyor, it is held by jets of air blown by the nozzles 89.
 EMI13.5
 



  The step is repeated indefinitely and two sheets are printed by shapes 6 and 7 during each revolution of cylinder 2. It is clear that. the press can work with only one formed
 EMI13.6
 At CQUta de- P1mpre by typography- "¯la- press works similarly to that described above, except for the following modifications (1) possible elimination of the feed device 91;
 EMI13.7
 (2) elimination of the wiper device; (3) replacement of intaglio shapes by typographic shapes.



   During indirect printing) the press works in a manner similar to that of intaglio printing, except the mo-
 EMI13.8
 following statements-? (1) possible elimination of the feed device 91; (2) elimination of the deess-a7fage device; (3) use of rubber or other suitable transfer material capable of performing indirect printing instead of intaglio plates 6 and 7;
 EMI13.9
 (4) mounting of five eylindrars (which may be in copper, bronzed zinc, brass, or any other suitable material) previously engraved according to one of the many indirect printing processes instead of the ink rollers.



   During indirect printing, the inking units ink the engraved cylinders, these cylinders printing on the rubber layers, fixed to sectors 4 and 5 of cylinder 2, their own designs and their

 <Desc / Clms Page number 14>

 own colors in succession, and the rubber layers transfer the ink design to the paper; thus giving an impression in five colors which can be superimposed or adjacent.



   During the printing, the sectors 48 and 49 of the cylinder 38 (cf. FIG. 1) are prepared according to the technique known for the different kinds of impressions.



   It is clear from the description of the above operations, with what ease and with what rapidity it is possible to switch from one of the printing processes to the other using the press according to the invention, without changing the size. 'mechanical elements.



   The press and all the devices described above have been studied for printing titles, but it is obvious that they could be used for printing of other species, for example cards, as well as for printing. printing on another material such as fabrics, plastics, summer.,
Of course, many changes, modifications, and mechanical improvements can be made to the printing press without departing from the scope of 1: 9 invention as claimed hereinafter.
CLAIMS.



   1. Printing press for polychrome letterpress or intaglio printing from a single letterpress or intaglio form, inked by several adjacent colors, or for indirect printing from a single transfer element, printed by several superimposed or adjacent designs and colors by means of several engraved cylinders, said press comprising in combination a- first- large diameter rotary drum controlled by a drive shaft, devices on this drum for hold at least one printing form (or one layer of rubber), a second rotating drum of the same diameter as the first drum,

   pressing this one and rotating at the same speed as the first drum but in the opposite direction a feeding device for sheets-of paper or the like, placed above * the second drum, devices on the second drum for gripping- and maintaining on the surface of the drum the sheets fed by said feed device a number of parallel ink rollers which can come into contact with the first drum to hold the printing form and which are provided devices for making possible axial and circular micrometric movements, or a number of engraved cylinders which can come into contact with the first drum to print the rubber layer.

   and having the same axial and circular movements as the aforementioned ink rollers, means for adjusting the pressure of the ink rollers, or engraved cylinders, on the first drum, a wiping cylinder rubbing the shape of the first drum for removing excess ink from the printing form, means for adjusting the pressure of the second drum on the first drum, conveyor means for picking up the sheet held by the second drum and printed by the form of printing or through the rubber layer and taking it out, and means for interposing an interlayer sheet and for unloading the printed sheet with the interlayer sheet onto an output table.

** ATTENTION ** end of DESC field can contain start of CLMS **.


    

Claims (1)

2. Rotary press - for full color and monochrome printing, comprising, in combination, a first large diameter rotating drum controlled by a drive shaft, devices on this drum for holding at least one printing form (or one layer of rubber}, two forms of impressions (or two layers of rubber) placed at opposite sides of the drum a second rotating drum of the same diameter as the first <Desc / Clms Page number 15> drums pressing this and rotating at the same speed as the first drum but in the opposite direction a feeding device for sheets of paper or the like placed above the second drum, devices on the second drum to take the loader and hold the EMI15.1 sheets supplied by said feeder to opposite areas of the periphery of the second drum. a number of ink rollers. parallels that can come into contact with the first drum EMI15.2 to enter the fbTs.e of impressions or a number of parallel engraved cylinders that can enter? in contact with the first drum, to print the rubber stumps, a movable carriage carrying several groups for inking said ink rollers, or said engraved cylinders means for adjusting the pressure of the ink rollers, or cylinders on the first drum, a wiping cylinder rubbing the shapes placed on the first drum and rotating in the same direction as the. first drum but at a faster speed than this, for removing surplus ink from the printing forms before they are pressed by the second drum carrying the sheets to be printed, means for adjusting the pressure of the second drum on the first drum of the conveyor means to take the printed sheets from the second EMI15.3 cond ta * boiar and to take them out from the means for placing a front sheet under the printed sheet, that the latter falls on the output table and means for lowering the output table when the height of the stack of sheets that s 'finds there increases-. EMI15.4 3a Rotary press for full color printing with printing shapes, inked by a number of adjacent colors distributed over areas of the printing, or for indirect printing. EMI15.5 te with a transfer element (rubber or other) impressed by several engraved cylinders and transferring to paper or any other material to be printed, the whole composition having superimposed designs or colors- or adjaeen-u, .. said press comprising in- combînaisan, a frame a first rotating drum of large diameter mounted on said frame, devices- arranged on the. first drum to hold two forms of printing, or two layers of rubber, at opposing locations on the periphery of said drum, a second drum of the same diameter as the first drum, pressing the latter, and rotating at the same speed as the first drum but in the opposite direction, a feeding device for the sheets of paper or others placed above the second drum, means arranged on the first drum for taking from the feeding device the leaves, brought by said device and for hold them on opposite sones of the periphery of the second drum, a number of parallel ink rollers, mounted on the frame, making contact EMI15.6 with the first drum to successfully enter the impression forms, to a number of parallel engraved cylinders9 mounted on the frame and coming into contact with the first drum, for successively printing the rubber layers, means for adjusting the pressure of the ink rollers or engraved cylinders on the first drum, a movable cart carrying a number of inking groups for inking the corresponding inking rollers or the corresponding engraved cylinders, said carriage being arranged to be brought into contact or out of contact with said inking rollers or with said engraved cylinders in order to ink them, EMI15.7 a li9e.s.sruya & e cylinder rotating at a speed greater than that of the first drum but in the same direction to remove the surplus ink from the printing forms, from: means- for adjusting the pressure of the second drum on the first drum and for registering the printing pressure, means for removing the printing sheets from the second drum and for unloading them!) said means being synchronized-with-the-drums ,, means for placing an interlayer sheet under the printed sheet before the latter falls on an output table situated below said means, and means for connecting and for controlling in synchronism the first drum, the second drum. the means for bringing and holding the sheets on the second drum, the means for supporting the interleaving means, and the output table. <Desc / Clms Page number 16> 4. Rotary printing press, comprising a rotatable drum carrying on its surface two printing forms or two layers of rubber in opposite positions, means for inking the printing forms or for printing the rubber layers, a dis - positive feed for sheets of paper, a second rotating drum, of the same diameter as the first drum, rotating at the same speed as the first drum, carrying sheets of paper or the like and them. pressing against the printing form or against the rubber layers to print said sheets, means arranged on the second drum for picking up the sheets from a sheet feeder placed above the second drum and for holding the sheets on the surface of the second drum as they are imprinted by the printing forms or by the rubber layers, said means comprising two shafts of the second drum located near its surface and parallel to its axis, said shafts being mounted on opposite sides of the drum, a series of clamps attached to each shaft and rotating to the surface of the drum, an arm attached to each shaft, an articulated rod at one end of said shaft, a hinged tube at the end of the other arm, the rod entering the tube, an expansion spring surrounding the rod and not entering the tube and pushing them in opposite directions, two arms angularly fixed to one end of the shaft, two other arms fixed angularly to one end of the other shaft , and two pegs attached to the frame of the printing press in such a way that when one of the arms in a shaft - - hits one, the shaft rotates and the series of grippers press the sheet against the surface of the drum , and when the other arm hits the other peg, the shaft rotates in the opposite direction and the series of grippers opens to release the sheet of paper or other material. 5. Rotary printing press, comprising a first rotatable drum bearing on its surface at least one printing form or a rubber layer, means for rotating said drum, means for inking the printing form or for printing. the rubber layer, and a second rotating drum, of the same diameter as the first, and rotating at the same speed but in the opposite direction to that of the first drum and carrying a sheet of paper or the like to be printed by the form printing or by the rubber layer, means for removing the excess of the intaglio printing form, before it comes into contact with the paper or another sheet and prints it, said means comprising a single wiping cylinder mounted parallel to the first drum and rubbing its surface, means connecting the wiping cylinder to the motor of the press so as to make the first turn in the same direction as the first drum but at a different speed, means for giving the wiping cylinder an oscillating movement, another cylinder mounted parallel to the first wiping cylinder and rubbing its surface, means for connecting this other cylinder to the first wiping cylinder so as to rotate the first in the same direction but at a speed different, means for violently launching secant jets of liquid on the face of the second cylinder, a scraper or the like fixed above said liquid jets and performing an oscillating movement, a series of hot air nozzles situated between the cylinder. scraper and the point of contact of the two cylinders, and means for adjusting the pressure of the wiping cylinders between themselves and on the printing form. 6. Rotary printing press, comprising a first rotatable drum carrying on its surface at least one printing form or a rubber layer, a second rotatable drum, of the same diameter as the first, and rotating at the same speed but in the opposite direction to that of the first drum and carrying on its surface sheets of paper or the like which are printed when they are pressed by the second drum against the printing form or against the rubber layer, means to take the printed sheets of the second drum <Desc / Clms Page number 17> bour and to unload them, said means comprising an endless conveyor formed of two parallel chains mounted on several parallel wheels, means connecting at least one of these wheels to the first drum so as to give the endless conveyor a speed equal to the peripheral speed of the first and of the second drum, several elements spaced apart and fixed in groups on axles mounted on the chains carrier, each element comprising a frame, two fingers rotatably mounted on the frame and resting on a seat fixed to the frame, springs pushing the fingers against the seat, arms fixed on the same axes carrying the fingers so that when they are pushed, they separate the respective fingers of the seat, from the parallel cams fixed around the shaft of the wheel which is mounted near the second drum, on which the cams the two arms butt up and open momentarily and then close again, taking a sheet of paper from the second drum, and parallel cams fixed around the shaft of the endless conveyor wheel, where the sheets are to be released, on which said arms abut, opening the arms and releasing the sheets. 7. A rotary printing press, comprising a first rotatable drum carrying on its surface at least one printing form or a rubber layer, a second drum carrying on its surface at least one sheet of paper which is printed when it is printed. pressed by the second drum against the printing form or against the rubber layer, an endless conveyor placed near the second drum and moving at a speed equal to the peripheral speed of the drums, means on said conveyor for taking the sheets of the second drum and for holding them when transported, said means comprising a frame, fingers rotatably mounted on the frame, a spring pushing the fingers against a seat, arms connected to the fingers, and cams placed near at least two wheels of the endless conveyor, controlling the arms and opening the fingers, a device for providing interleaving sheets placed near the end of the endless chain conveyor, a table for receiving the sheets supplied by the conveyor and the interleaving sheets supplied by the feed device, said table being placed below the end of the conveyor, a cam placed in the path of an arm of the means on the conveyor , temporarily opening one finger of the series of means on the conveyor when the printed sheet is facing the exit of the inclined plane of the feeder, while the other fingers hold the printed sheet, a lever rotatably mounted and controlled by the first drum, having an appendage projecting from the outlet of the inclined plane of the loader, and constituting a top, which lever and top rotate, when said fingers open, and allow a sheet to 'interleaving to enter the open fingers, said lever also having a curved bar, fixed at its end, which cooperates to bring the paper into the fingers, and a pair of cams opening all said fingers and allowing the sheet to fall on the exit table. 8. Rotary printing press, comprising a first rotatable drum carrying on its surface at least one printing form or a layer of rubber, several ink rollers for inking the printing forms with one or more inks or more. engraved cylinders to print the rubber layer with several designs and colors; means for removing the excess of the intaglio printing form, a second drum rotating at the same speed as the first drum but in opposite direction carrying the sheets of paper to be printed when pressed by the second drum against the printing form or against the rubber stump, means for inking the inking rollers or the engraved cylinder, said means comprising a carriage consisting of a frame moving on rollers, or the like on a provided track as part of the printing press, <Desc / Clms Page number 18> a number of ink groups corresponding to the number of ink rollers or engraved cylinders of the press, each comprising several rotating and wiping rollers in close contact, and a reservoir supplying ink to the first roller of each group, a pair of rotatable supports each carrying a roller which can contact the last roller of each group and the corresponding ink roller, or with the corresponding engraved cylinder, in the printing press, means for transmitting the movement of the first drum to the rollers of each inking group and claws for stopping this transmission 9. Full color printing press, as described above with reference to the accompanying drawings.