BE368233A - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- BE368233A BE368233A BE368233DA BE368233A BE 368233 A BE368233 A BE 368233A BE 368233D A BE368233D A BE 368233DA BE 368233 A BE368233 A BE 368233A
- Authority
- BE
- Belgium
- Prior art keywords
- diammonium phosphate
- solution
- phosphate
- solid
- ammonia
- Prior art date
Links
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004838 Phosphoric acid Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000005591 charge neutralization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- XKUUMWKWUZRRPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptan-2-amine;sulfuric acid Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCC(C)[NH3+].CCCCCC(C)[NH3+] XKUUMWKWUZRRPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001264 neutralization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BWKOZPVPARTQIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;hydron;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC([O-])=O BWKOZPVPARTQIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 etc. Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001120 potassium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Description
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!!Procédé pour la fabrication de phosphate diammonique ou d'engrais qui en contiennent!!.
Dans la transformation de solutions de phosphate diammonique en phosphate diammonique solide par simple éva- poration des solutions à sec, on rencontre la difficulté que de grandes quantités d'ammoniaque se dégagent pendant le chauffage, de sorte qu'on obtient à la fin de l'évapora- tion un mélange salin formé en majeure partie de phos- phate monoammonique.
Or, on a trouvé qu'on peut obtenir industriellement de façon simple le phosphate diammonique solide en évitant des pertes d'ammoniaque, en mélangeant la solution du sel avec @
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du phosphate diammonique sec, puis en transformant le mélan- ge en un produit solide. On prend à cet effet comme point de départ de préférence une solution saline concentrée. Si la teneur en eau d'une solution de ce genre est par exemple de 10-20% et si on la mélange avec 2-3 fois sa quantité de phos- phate diammonique solide, fin, on obtient un sel humide dont la teneur en eau est d'environ 5-6%. On peut alors facilement sécher ce mélange vers 60-80 C au moyen de gaz chauds.
On ré- introduit de préférences dans le procédé une partie du sel so- lide obtenu, pour le mélange de nouveau avec une solution de sel fraîche.
On a constaté de plus qu'on peut employer de façon particulièrement avantageuse un acide phosphorique préparé par traitement de phosphates bruts par l'acide sulfurique, contenant toujours encore un peu d'acide sulfurique, si on le concentre tout d'abord à un poids spécifique d'environ
1,4-1,5. Par cette dernière opération suivie d'un refroidisse- ment, les sels de calcium dissous se précipitent sous forme de gypse qu'on peut facilement séparer, ce qui a une très grande importance pour la bonne qualité du phosphate diam- monique, puisqu'en employant de l'acide phosphorique dilué les sels de calcium donnent lieu, lors de la neutralisation avec l'ammoniaque, à la formation de phosphates insolubles dans l'eau, solubles seulement dans le citrate d'ammonium.
Les composés de l'aluminium et du fer restent dissous dans l'acide concentré et sont précipités lors de la neutralisa- tion par l'ammoniaque, dans la solution saline. Pour éviter la filtration incommode des précipités de fer et d'aluminium qui sont sous forme mucilagineuse, on les laisse dans la so- lution saline. De ce fait tout le procédé est considérable- ment simplifié.
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S'il s'agit de produire des engrais composés con- tenant du phosphate diammpnique, on peut employer directement au lieu de phosphate diammonique solide d'autres engrais sa- lins solides, tels que le sulfate d'ammonium, le chlorure de potassium, le sulfate de potassium, le nitrate de potassium, etc., ou des mélanges de ces sels, qu'on mélange avec la so- lution de phosphate diammonique à sécher, préparée par l'ac- tion des quantités correspondantes d'ammoniaque sur une so- lution d'acide phosphorique.
Comme avantage particulier du mode opératoire de la présente invention résulte, quant à la production d'en- grais composés contenant du¯phosphate diammonique, qu'il n'est pas nécessaire de transformer tout d'abord le phosphate di- ammonique pour lui-même en un produit solide et qu'on obtient au contraire directement à partir de la solution saline un engrais composé tout à fait homogène remarquablement stable et propre à l'épandage.
EXEMPLE 1.
Pour la préparation d'un engrais composé d'une te- heur de 20% d'azote et de 20% de P2O5, à partir de phosphate diammonique et de sulfate d'ammonium, on mélange dans un mé- langeur environ 58 litres d'une solution chaude de phospha- te diammonique, préparée par l'action de quantités cor- respondantes d'ammoniaque sur une solution d'acide phos- phorique de poids spécifique 1,5, avec 100 kg. de sulfate d'ammonium sec. On sèche ensuite le mélange salin résultant dans un tambour rotatif, vers 60-70 C.
EXEMPLE 2.
Pour la préparation d'un engrais composé d'une te- neur de 14,2% d'N de 35,5% de P205 et de 14,2% de K20, à partir de phosphate diammonique et de chlorure de potassium,
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on mélange 78 litres de la solution de phosphate diammonique mentionnée dans l'exemple 1, avec 33 kg. de chlorure de po- tassium, et on sèche le mélange vers 60-80 C.
<Desc / Clms Page number 1>
!! Process for the manufacture of diammonium phosphate or of fertilizers which contain it !!.
In the conversion of solutions of diammonium phosphate to solid diammonium phosphate by simple evaporation of the solutions to dryness, one encounters the difficulty that large quantities of ammonia are given off during heating, so that at the end of the process one obtains evaporation a saline mixture formed mainly of monoammonium phosphate.
However, it has been found that solid diammonium phosphate can be obtained industrially in a simple manner by avoiding losses of ammonia, by mixing the salt solution with @
<Desc / Clms Page number 2>
dry diammonium phosphate and then converting the mixture to a solid product. Preferably, a concentrated saline solution is taken as a starting point. If the water content of such a solution is, for example, 10-20% and if it is mixed with 2-3 times its quantity of solid, fine diammonium phosphate, a moist salt is obtained with the content of water is about 5-6%. This mixture can then easily be dried at around 60-80 C using hot gases.
Preferably, part of the resulting solid salt is fed back into the process, for mixing again with a fresh salt solution.
It has furthermore been found that it is possible to employ particularly advantageously a phosphoric acid prepared by treatment of crude phosphates with sulfuric acid, still containing a little sulfuric acid, if it is first concentrated to a weight. specific about
1.4-1.5. By this last operation followed by cooling, the dissolved calcium salts precipitate in the form of gypsum which can easily be separated, which is of great importance for the good quality of the diamond phosphate, since in Using dilute phosphoric acid, the calcium salts give rise, on neutralization with ammonia, to the formation of water-insoluble phosphates, soluble only in ammonium citrate.
The aluminum and iron compounds remain dissolved in the concentrated acid and are precipitated upon neutralization with ammonia in the saline solution. To avoid the inconvenient filtration of the iron and aluminum precipitates which are in mucilaginous form, they are left in the salt solution. As a result, the whole process is considerably simplified.
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If it is a question of producing compound fertilizers containing diamond phosphate, other solid salt fertilizers, such as ammonium sulphate, potassium chloride, etc., can be used directly instead of solid diammonium phosphate. potassium sulphate, potassium nitrate, etc., or mixtures of these salts, which are mixed with the solution of diammonium phosphate to be dried, prepared by the action of the corresponding quantities of ammonia on a phosphoric acid solution.
As a particular advantage of the procedure of the present invention results, in the production of compound fertilizers containing diammonium phosphate, that it is not necessary to first process the di-ammonium phosphate for it. even in a solid product and that on the contrary one obtains directly from the saline solution a completely homogeneous compound fertilizer remarkably stable and suitable for spreading.
EXAMPLE 1.
For the preparation of a fertilizer consisting of 20% nitrogen and 20% P2O5 from diammonium phosphate and ammonium sulphate, approximately 58 liters of water are mixed in a mixer. a hot solution of diammonium phosphate, prepared by the action of corresponding quantities of ammonia on a solution of phosphoric acid of specific weight 1.5, with 100 kg. of dry ammonium sulfate. The resulting salt mixture is then dried in a rotating drum, at around 60-70 C.
EXAMPLE 2.
For the preparation of a fertilizer composed of a content of 14.2% N, 35.5% P205 and 14.2% K20, from diammonium phosphate and potassium chloride,
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78 liters of the diammonium phosphate solution mentioned in Example 1 are mixed with 33 kg. of potassium chloride, and the mixture is dried at around 60-80 C.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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BE368233A true BE368233A (en) |
Family
ID=40080
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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BE368233D BE368233A (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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BE (1) | BE368233A (en) |
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0
- BE BE368233D patent/BE368233A/fr unknown
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