BE1026283A9 - A method to improve the tillage ability of tea plantation soil - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tea plantation tillage and conditioning and relates in particular to a method for improving the tillage ability of tea plantation soil. This procedure will be used in mid March. First, flat tillage is carried out along the dripping water between the rows of tea plants after applying 40 kg / mu compound fertilizer, 40 kg / mu carbon fertilizer and 100-120 kg / mu pumice stone powder. In the first ten days of July, medium tillage is carried out along the dripping water between the rows of tea plants after applying 50 kg / mu compound fertilizer, 80 kg / mu carbon fertilizer and 100 kg / mu organic fertilizer. In the last ten days of October, deep tillage along the dripping water between the rows of tea plants is carried out after 150 kg / m organic fertilizer, 80 kg / m carbon fertilizer and 75-100 kg / m organic bentonite are applied. The invention can effectively improve water permeability, water storage, and air permeability of the soil, and ultimately realize the effective improvement in soil texture and tillage performance.

Description

A method to improve the tillage ability of

Tea plantation floor

description

Technical part

The invention belongs to the technical field of tea plantation soil cultivation and conditioning and relates in particular to a method for improving the soil cultivation ability of tea plantation soil.

Background technology

Tea is a kind of perennial crop, and tea planting is traditional. The traditional methods of planting tea lead to a long-term simplification of the planting structure of tea, which leads to a deterioration of the tillage ability in tea plantations. Years of flat tillage or non-tillage leads to a reduction in soil porosity, an increase in bulk density and a gradual consolidation of the surface layer. At the same time, a hard plow floor forms under the tillage layer, which hinders the root system of the tea trees in depth and the normal penetration of rainwater. It will also seriously hinder the smooth exchange of water, fertilizer, air, heat and above ground in the deep soil. This leads to cohesion, cohesiveness, workability, strong consistency and great tensile resistance of the soil in tea plantations, which leads to poor tillage ability, nutrient loss and low efficiency in fertilizer use. In view of the

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A deterioration in tillage in tea plantations needs a technical measure to improve it

Soil cultivation ability to be established in tea plantations.

Content of the invention

The aim of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the above existing techniques and to provide a convenient method of improving the tillage ability of tea plantation soil, which effectively improves water permeability, water storage and air permeability of the soil, and effectively improves soil texture and tillage performance can ultimately realize.

To solve the above objects, the invention offers the following technical solution:

A method for improving the tillage ability of tea plantation soil is characterized in that it is carried out in three stages:

The first stage: mid-March. First, flat tillage is carried out along the dripping water between the rows of tea plants after applying 40 kg / mu compound fertilizer, 40 kg / mu carbon fertilizer and 100-120 kg / mu pumice stone powder, and then the next step begins.

The second stage: the first ten days in July. The middle tillage is carried out along the dripping water between the rows of tea plants after 50 kg / mu compound fertilizer, 80 kg / mu carbon fertilizer and 100 kg / mu

BE2019 / 5187 organic fertilizer are applied, and then the third stage is initiated.

The third stage: the last ten days in October. Deep tillage is carried out along the dripping water between the rows of tea plants after applying 150 kg / mu of organic fertilizer, 80 kg / mu of carbon fertilizer and 75-100 kg / mu of organic bentonite.

In the so-called compound fertilizer, the ratio of N: P2O5: K2O is 25: 8: 12.

Carbon fertilizers are calculated at 100% by weight, of which (N + P2O5 + K2O)> 10%, organic matter> 42% and moisture <5%.

In the first phase, the depth of the flat tillage is

10-15 cm; In the second stage the depth of the medium tillage is 16-20 cm and in the third stage the depth of the deep tillage is 21-25 cm.

The so-called organic fertilizer is rapeseed cake fertilizer.

More than 90% of the pumice stone powder particles have to pass through a 100 mesh sieve.

The advantageous effects of the present invention are:

1). Carbon fertilizers play an important role in the decomposition and synthesis of humus by soil microorganisms.

No carbon fertilizer can be applied to the surface of mineral soil, which means that the mineral soil particles can form fragmented aggregates more easily

BE2019 / 5187 the soil becomes softer and no longer hard, which improves permeability, water retention, air permeability and soil cultivation ability. At the same time, because the adhesive force of organic soil is less than half of the cohesion, the use of organic fertilizer has a good influence on the regulation of the physical and mechanical properties of the soil and ultimately improves the tillage ability. Soil with a well-structured soil layer can benefit the development of the plant root system, which promotes the development of the biological system in the soil, increases the proportion of soil porosity, improves soil infiltration and water storage capacity.

Due to the porous nature of biomass coal, the use of carbon fertilizers in tea plantations can reduce the bulk density of the soil, improve water retention in the soil, improve soil ventilation and provide suitable breeding grounds for soil-useful microorganisms. Carbon fertilizer mixed with bentonite and pumice stone powder can promote the decomposition of organic matter, improve the ability of soil fertilizer supply, and the combined use with chemical fertilizers can reduce the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus and improve the utilization rate of fertilizers. At the same time, the effective porosity and swellable distribution of the soil are increased, and the drought resistance and moisture retention are improved to improve the soil texture and tillage performance.

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Description of the pictures

Table 1 is a comparison table of the physical properties of the soil obtained by two treatments in the test area after three years of continuous testing in Embodiment 1.

Table 2 is a comparison table of the chemical properties of the soil obtained by two treatments in the test area after three years of continuous testing in Embodiment 1.

Table 3 is a comparison table of the effects of five treatments on tea yield and bud and leaf density in the test area after 3 years of continuous testing in Embodiment 2.

Table 4 is a comparison table of the effects of five treatments on the proportion of tea buds and leaves in the test area after 3 years of continuous testing in Embodiment 2.

Specific embodiments

For ease of understanding, the specific structure and operation of the present invention are described herein in conjunction with Tables 1 through 4 as follows:

Embodiment 1

Test start time: In 2012;

Participants in the test: Shizipu tea house in Langxi District in the

Anhui Province;

Age of tea planting in the soil: 25 years;

Treatment: It is divided into two treatments, i.e. tillage according to this method and traditional tillage.

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Processing process:

1) . Traditional tillage method: In the traditional way, fertilizer is regularly applied to the bottom of the tea line, supplemented by mechanical tillage.

2). This process: In the middle of March, 40 kg / mu compound fertilizer, 40 kg / mu carbon fertilizer and 100 kg / mu pumice powder are applied along the dripping water of a tea line and then the flat tillage is carried out mechanically. In the first ten days in July, 50 kg / mu compound fertilizer, 80 kg / mu carbon fertilizer and 100 kg / mu organic fertilizer are applied along the dripping water between the rows of tea plants and then the middle tillage is carried out mechanically. In the last ten days in October, 150 kg / m organic fertilizer, 80 kg / m carbon fertilizer and 80 kg / m organic bentonite are applied along the dripping water between the rows of tea plants and then deep tillage is carried out mechanically.

Implementation effect:

Three years later, the results showed that the physical structure of the soil in the test area has changed significantly. As shown in Table 1, the total porosity of the soil treated by this method in the present invention increased by 6.7% compared to the area with traditional tillage, the bulk density of the soil decreased by 11.1%, and the field water holding capacity increased 6.5%. The compactness of the soil decreased significantly and that

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Permeability of the soil is improved. Table 2 also shows that soil nutrients have changed significantly, soil organic matter by 18.2%, alkali lysed nitrogen by 14.8%, CEC by 15.3% and pH of the soil have a slight, slightly increased difference.

Embodiment 2

Test start time: In 2013;

Participants in the test: Shizipu tea house in Langxi District in the

Anhui Province;

Treatment: specialty tea (SF), organic fertilizer + NPK (ORF), biochar + NPK (BIO) and biochar-based carbon fertilizer (BF) compared to traditional fertilization (CK).

Processing process:

According to the control standard of 24 kg pure N per year and mu:

1) . Specialty tea (N: P2O5: K2O = 24: 6: 10);

2). Organic fertilizer + NPK (N: P2O5: K2O = 24: 6: 6);

3). Biochar + NPK (N: P2O5: K2O = 24: 6: 10);

4). Carbon fertilizer (N: P2O5: K2O = 24: 6: 10).

The fertilizer types are N 46% urea, P2O5 12%

Calcium superphosphate and K2O 50% potassium sulfate. Biochar is mainly made from granulated bamboo and organic rapeseed cake fertilizer. All treatments had the same nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients. In this test, three replicas are created and the test is randomly arranged in the field. Biochar is sprayed evenly into the fertilizer ditch and then through

BE2019 / 5187 mechanical tillage mixed with soil. In the comparison area, 15 cm deep and shallow trenches are opened between the rows of tea plants, then the soil is mechanically plowed and covered.

Implementation effect: The results of the test after three years of testing are shown in Table 3-4. Compared to specialty fertilizers and conventional fertilizers, the treatment of biochar and carbon-based fertilizers can effectively reduce the bulk density of the soil, increase capillary porosity and increase the field water retention capacity. Biochar and organic fertilizer treatments had a similar proportion of mechanical picking buds and leaves, better tenderness of buds and leaves, and a lower proportion of individual leaves and fragments, which was more suitable in mechanical tea plantations.

Claims (6)

Claims 1. A method for improving the tillage ability of tea plantation soil is characterized by three stages: The first stage: mid-March. First, flat tillage is carried out along the dripping water between the rows of tea plants after applying 40 kg / mu compound fertilizer, 40 kg / mu carbon fertilizer and 100-120 kg / mu pumice stone powder, and then the next step begins. The second stage: the first ten days in July. The middle tillage is carried out along the dripping water between the rows of tea plants after applying 50 kg / mu compound fertilizer, 80 kg / mu carbon fertilizer and 100 kg / mu organic fertilizer, and then the third stage is initiated. The third stage: the last ten days in October. Deep tillage is carried out along the dripping water between the rows of tea plants after applying 150 kg / mu of organic fertilizer, 80 kg / mu of carbon fertilizer and 75-100 kg / mu of organic bentonite. 2. A method for improving the tillage ability of tea plantation soil according to claim 1 is characterized in that the ratio of N: P2O5: K2O in the compound fertilizer is 25: 8: 12. 3. A method for improving the tillage ability of tea plantation soil according to claim 1 is characterized in that BE2019 / 5187 that carbon fertilizer is calculated by 100 wt .-%, where (N + P2O5 + K2O)> 10%, organic matter> 42%, and moisture <5%. 4. A method for improving the tillage ability of tea plantation soil according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 is thereby 5 characterized that the depth of the flat tillage in the first stage is 10-15 cm and the depth of the middle tillage in the second stage is 16-20 cm and the depth of the deep tillage in the third stage is 21-25 cm. 5. A method for improving the tillage ability of tea plantation soil according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 is characterized in that the organic fertilizer is rapeseed cake fertilizer. 6. A method for improving the soil cultivation ability of tea plantation soil according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 is characterized in that more than 90% of the pumice powder particles have to pass a 10015 mesh sieve.