AU2022228128A1

AU2022228128A1 - Wall arrangement

Info

Publication number: AU2022228128A1
Application number: AU2022228128A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Paul Evans; Michael Roik; Michael Stegemann; Diego Velasquez
Original assignee: Leviat GmbH
Current assignee: Leviat GmbH
Priority date: 2021-09-23
Filing date: 2022-09-07
Publication date: 2023-04-06
Also published as: EP4155473A1

Abstract

A wall arrangement (1) comprises a wall (2) which is made up of layers (4) of superimposed bricks (3). The wall (2) has a perforated area (5) with openings (10). The openings (10) are each formed by a distance (a) between two adjacent bricks (3) of one layer (4). The wall (2) has a stiffening arrangement (8) for absorbing forces acting perpendicularly on the wall (2). The stiffening arrangement (8) extends at least in the openwork area of the wall (2) completely between the opposite flat sides (6, 7) of the wall (2) formed by the bricks (3). The stiffening arrangement (8) comprises at least one sheet metal strip (9) which is arranged in the perforated area (5) of the wall (2) between two layers (4) of superimposed bricks (3). g8 Fig. 1 17 17 122 11

Description

WALLARRANGEMENT

The invention relates to a wall arrangement of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.

It is known to provide openings in walls made of bricks, which form openings through the

wall. These openings are usually arranged in a regular pattern. The so-called perforated facade

formed in this way can be used, for example, as a privacy screen, for example in front of

windows, or as a fence. Such perforated facades have a purely architectural, optical function. The

bricks of the wall usually overlap in the vertical direction so that vertical forces are absorbed by

the bricks themselves. So that the wall is sufficiently stable, a stiffening arrangement is usually

provided on the wall, which absorbs forces acting perpendicularly on the wall. Reinforcing bars,

for example, are known as such a stiffening arrangement, which protrude perpendicularly

through the bricks. It is also known to provide a stiffening arrangement at the back of the wall to

support the bricks.

The object of the invention is to create a wall arrangement of the generic type that is easy to

produce and has an attractive appearance.

It has been found that reinforcing rods running vertically in the bricks are disadvantageous in

the manufacture of high walls in particular, since the bricks have to be threaded onto the

reinforcing rods from above. A stiffening arrangement arranged on a rear side of the wall is

visible on the rear side of the wall and is therefore associated with optical disadvantages.

It is now provided that the stiffening arrangement extends at least in the perforated area of

the wall completely between the opposite flat sides of the wall formed by the bricks. Because the

stiffening arrangement does not protrude beyond the flat sides of the wall into the perforated area

of the wall, the visual impression of the wall is not disturbed. In order to nevertheless achieve

sufficient stability of the wall in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the wall, it is

provided that the stiffening arrangement comprises at least one sheet metal strip which is

arranged in the perforated area of the wall between two superimposed layers of bricks. The sheet metal strip has a high moment of inertia in the direction perpendicular to the wall and can thus stabilize the wall well even if the sheet metal strip is comparatively thin. Due to the fact that the sheet metal strip is arranged between two superimposed layers of bricks, the sheet metal strip is only visible in the area of the openings. This achieves an almost invisible stiffening of the wall and creates an attractive visual impression. Such a sheet metal strip is easily manufactured and can be easily inserted into the mortar layer between the superimposed layers of bricks during the manufacture of the wall. This also makes it easy to manufacture the wall.

The sheet metal strip runs between the superimposed layers of bricks, i.e. usually

horizontally. The sheet metal strip preferably extends over the entire width of the perforated area.

In order to be able to absorb forces perpendicular to the plane of the wall, it must be ensured

that the bricks are firmly connected to the sheet metal strips. This can be done in a simple way

by positively connecting the sheet metal strips to the bricks. A particularly simple design is

achieved if at least one peg-shaped positioning element is fixed to the sheet metal strip for at

least one, in particular for each brick, which peg-shaped positioning element extends into an

indentation in the brick and thus secures the brick positively in the direction perpendicular to the

wall. In the case of bricks that already have indentations, for example in the case of perforated

bricks, the peg-shaped positioning element simultaneously provides a grid for the arrangement of

bricks of one layer. As a result, the bricks can be positioned in a simple manner during the

manufacture of the wall. This significantly simplifies the manufacture of the wall.

In a simple design, at least one positioning element is a rivet. This results in a simple,

inexpensive and easy-to-manufacture construction of the sheet metal strip. Alternatively or

additionally, it can be provided that at least one positioning element is a bolt. In one

embodiment, it is provided that the bolt is fixed to the sheet metal strip by forming. In an

alternative embodiment, at least one retaining ring can be provided for fixing the bolt to the sheet

metal strip. The retaining ring can be a metal ring. However, it can also be provided that the

retaining ring is made of plastic. The retaining ring can be formed by a seal, for example.

Alternatively or additionally, it is advantageously provided that at least one positioning

element is formed by a bent section of the sheet metal strip. The section of the sheet metal strip

can be pre-punched during manufacture of the sheet metal strip and then bent out of the plane of

the sheet metal strip. As a result, no additional components are required for the at least one

positioning element. The opening in the sheet metal strip that occurs when the bent section is

bent improves the anchoring of the sheet metal strip in the respective layer of mortar at the same

time.

The stiffening arrangement advantageously has means for fixing the sheet metal strips to a

supporting structure. The stiffening structure advantageously has at least one support which is

arranged outside the wall and to which at least one sheet metal strip is fixed. The support is

arranged to the side of the perforated area of the wall, so that the support does not disturb the

visual impression of the wall and in particular the visual impression of the perforated area. The

support can be made of metal, for example. Preferably the support is a metal support. However, a

different design of the support can also be advantageous. The supporting structure can also be a

supporting wall or the like, running outside of the perforated area.

Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the sheet metal strip is fixed outside the

perforated area in the mortar between superimposed layers of bricks. Outside the perforated area,

the wall advantageously has sufficient stability to absorb the loads acting perpendicularly on the

wall. This area can therefore be used to fix the sheet metal strips and to absorb the loads from the

perforated area that are absorbed by the sheet metal strips. A simple design results if the sheet

metal strip has at least one opening outside of the perforated area, in which mortar is arranged.

The breakthrough can be formed, for example, as a punched through opening in the sheet metal

strip. Another way of fixing the sheet metal strip between the superimposed layers of bricks, for

example also a positive fixing, can also be advantageous.

In order to achieve an attractive visual appearance of the perforated area, it is advantageously

provided that the sheet metal strip is designed as a continuous, planar, flat material in at least one section delimiting an opening, advantageously in all sections delimiting an opening.

Accordingly, the sheet metal strip does not have any openings, indentations, bent areas or similar

structures in the at least one section delimiting the opening. Advantageously, no positioning

element is provided in this section either. This achieves a visually appealing delimitation of the

at least one opening.

For such perforated facades, i.e. walls with perforated areas, it is often desirable for the

distance between adjacent bricks to be as large as possible. Advantageously, the distance

between two adjacent bricks in a layer in the perforated area is at least 20%, in particular at least

30% of the length of a brick. A large distance between adjacent bricks inevitably leads to a small

overlap of the bricks. This reduces the stability of the breached area of the wall. Due to the

stiffening arrangement provided, very large distances can be realized between adjacent bricks

while still sufficient stability of the perforated area of the wall can be achieved.

In the following, exemplary embodiments of the invention will be described in greater detail

with reference to the drawings. In the drawings:

Fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective representation of a wall arrangement,

Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of the stiffening arrangement of the wall arrangement in

Fig. 1,

Figs. 3 to 5 show perspective representations of exemplary embodiments of sheet

metal strips in the stiffening arrangement,

Figs. 6 and 7 show perspective representations of exemplary embodiments of

positioning elements of the sheet metal strips in Figs. 3 to 5,

Fig. 8 shows another embodiment of a sheet metal strip,

Fig. 9 shows a detail plan view of the sheet metal strip in Fig. 8,

Fig. 10 is a sectional view along the line X-X in Fig. 9,

Fig. 11 is a sectional view along the line XI-XI in Fig. 9,

Fig. 12 shows a perspective view of the stiffening arrangement of the wall arrangement in

Fig. 2,

Fig. 1 shows schematically and in perspective a wall arrangement 1 which comprises a wall 2

and a stiffening arrangement 8 for supporting the wall 2. The stiffening arrangement 8 is barely

visible in Fig. 1 and is shown in perspective as the stiffening arrangement 8 in Fig. 2. The wall 2

is made up of bricks 3 between which layers of mortar 13 run to connect the bricks 3. Only a

portion of a horizontal layer of mortar 13 is shown schematically in Fig. 1. Corresponding layers

of mortar 13 (not shown) are arranged in the usual way between the other bricks 3. The bricks 3

are arranged in superimposed layers 4 of bricks 3. The bricks 3 in the superimposed layers 4 are

offset and arranged in an overlapping manner.

The wall 2 has a perforated area 5 in which openings 10 are formed. The openings 10 are

formed by a distance a between adjacent bricks 3. The wall 3 is open in the area of the openings

10 so that one can look through the wall 3. Such perforated areas 5 are also referred to as

perforated facades. In the exemplary embodiment, the openings 10 are arranged in a regular

pattern in the perforated area 5. A different arrangement of the openings 10 can also be provided.

It can also be provided that openings 10 extend over more than one layer 4 of bricks 3.

The perforated area 5 has a width c. The width c is measured parallel to the plane of the wall

and between the outermost edges of the openings 10 on the outside.

The bricks 3 have a length b measured parallel to the distance a. The distance a is

advantageously at least 20%, in particular at least 30% of the length b of the bricks 3. As a result,

the bricks 3 overlap only slightly in the perforated area 5. This results in a reduced stability of

the wall 2 in the perforated area 5. Forces acting vertically downwards are intercepted in the

perforated area 5 in the usual manner by the superimposed bricks 3. The stiffening structure 8

shown in Fig. 2 is provided to absorb forces acting perpendicularly on the wall 2.

As shown in Fig. 2, the stiffening structure 8 comprises a plurality of superimposed sheet

metal strips 9. The sheet metal strips 9 have a central section 23, which may be arranged in a

perforated area 5. In the exemplary embodiment, a first fixing section 20 adjoins the central section 23 at one end. A second fixing section 21 connects to the other end of the central section

23. In the fixing sections 20 and 21, the sheet metal strip 9 is fixed to a supporting structure in

each case. In order to achieve an attractive appearance of the perforated area 5, the stiffening

arrangement 8 in the perforated area 5 extends exclusively into the area between the flat sides 6

and 7 of the wall 2. In the exemplary embodiment, a first flat side 6 is the outside of the wall 2

and an opposite second flat side 7 of the wall 2 is the inner side. The openings 10 each extend

continuously between the flat sides 6 and 7.

The bricks 3 have a thickness e shown in Fig. 1, which is measured perpendicular to the

plane of the wall 2. The sheet metal strips 9 have a width f measured in the same direction, as

shown in Fig. 2. The width f is at most as large as the thickness e. The width f is advantageously

smaller than the thickness e. The width f is advantageously 60% to 90% of the thickness e. This

results in sufficient rigidity of the sheet metal strip 9 in the direction perpendicular to the wall 2,

and it is possible to cover the sheet metal strip 9 with mortar on the longitudinal sides of the

sheet metal strip 9, so that the sheet metal strip 9 is not visible between superimposed bricks 3.

The thickness e of the sheet metal strip 9 (Fig. 2) is advantageously not greater, in particular

less than the distance h between superimposed layers 4 of bricks 3 (Fig. 1). The distance h is

advantageously measured outside of the perforated area 5. As a result, a uniform joint height of

the wall 2 can be achieved.

In a wall 2 in which the bricks 3 are offset from one another in the direction perpendicular to

the plane of the wall 2, i.e. in which some bricks 3 protrude further outwards than others, the flat

sides 6 and 7 are each formed by the outer areas of the bricks. The flat sides 6 and 7 therefore

delimit a space in which all bricks 3 of the perforated area 5 are fully arranged.

In the perforated area 5, the stiffening arrangement 8 extends completely between the flat

sides 6 and 7 and does not protrude beyond them. As a result, the stiffening arrangement 8 in the

perforated area 5 is only slightly visible from both flat sides 6, 7 of the wall 2. The sheet metal

strips 9 run between superimposed layers 4 of bricks 3. The sheet metal strips 9 on the top or bottom of an opening 10 are only visible in the area of the openings 10. Depending on the design, the end faces of the sheet metal strips 9 can also be visible between superimposed layers

4 of bricks 3. In the exemplary embodiment, a sheet metal strip 9 is not arranged between each

superimposed layer 4, but only every two layers. The number of sheet metal strips 9 can be

selected in a suitable manner depending on the forces to be absorbed and acting perpendicularly

on the wall 2.

As shown in Fig. 1, the bricks 3 have a large number of indentations 12. In the exemplary

embodiment, the bricks 3 are designed as perforated bricks and the indentations 12 are holes that

extend over the entire height of the bricks 3. It can also be provided that indentations 12 are

made in the bricks 3, or that other types of indentations 12 are present in the bricks 3.

The sheet metal strip 9 has a longitudinal direction 24 which extends from the first fixing

section 20 through the middle section 23 to the second fixing section 21. As shown in Fig. 2, the

sheet metal strips 9 have a large number of positioning elements 11. The positioning elements 11

protrude from the plane of the sheet metal strips 9 upward and downward. The positioning

elements 11 are arranged in the central section 23 of the sheet metal strip 9 in the longitudinal

direction 24 at a regular distance from one another. In the exemplary embodiment, the

positioning elements 11 are arranged in pairs. The bricks 3 are placed on the sheet metal strips in

such a way that the positioning elements 11 protrude into the indentations 12. As a result, the

bricks 3 are secured in a form-fitting manner on the sheet metal strips 9 in the direction

perpendicular to the wall 2. The positioning elements 11 can be designed in such a way that they

are arranged in the indentations 12 with only a small amount of play. Alternatively, an

intermediate space formed between the positioning elements 11 and the indentations 12 can be

filled with mortar. A different number and/or arrangement of positioning elements 11 can also be

advantageous.

In the longitudinal direction 24, a section 16 is arranged between adjacent positioning

elements 11, in which the sheet metal strip 9 is designed as a continuous, planar, flat material and in which no positioning element 11 is arranged. This section 16 is intended to limit an opening 10. The section 16 has no openings, beads or bends or irregularities designed in any other way and no positioning elements. As a result, a flat, smooth delimitation of the openings 10 through the section 16 is achieved. This is another way in which an attractive appearance of the perforated area 5 is achieved.

Each sheet metal strip 9 has a length d measured in the longitudinal direction 24. The length

d is advantageously greater than the width c of the perforated area 5. The sheet metal strip 9

advantageously protrudes at one end section, in particular at both end sections, beyond the

perforated area 5 into an area of the wall 2 that has no openings 10. Different lengths of the sheet

metal strips 9 of a stiffening arrangement 8 and/or different connections of the sheet metal strips

9 of a stiffening arrangement 8 can also be advantageous.

In the exemplary embodiment, the fixing sections 20 and 21 are intended to be fixed outside

of the perforated area 5 between superimposed layers of bricks 3. For this purpose, the fixing

sections 20 and 21 are placed in the mortar layer 13 between the superimposed layers 4 of bricks

3. In the exemplary embodiment, the fixing sections 20 and 21 have openings 19 into which

mortar can enter. This results in a good interlocking of the sheet metal strips 9 in the mortar

layers 13 and thus in a good fixation of the sheet metal strips 9.

In order to absorb the loads occurring perpendicularly to the wall 2, a stiffening element

arranged outside the plane of the wall 2 is additionally provided in the exemplary embodiment.

In the exemplary embodiment, the stiffening element is designed as a support 15. The support 15

is arranged adjacent to the second flat side 7 and outside of the perforated area 5. In the

exemplary embodiment, the support 15 is made of metal, in particular as a U-profile. A different

arrangement of the support 15 can also be provided. The support 15 is fixed to a base plate 18

which can be anchored to the ground by means of screws 25. For attachment to other adjacent, in

particular load-bearing components, a fixing bracket 17 is fixed to the support 15 in the upper

region, which is also held on the support 15 by means of screws 25. The fixing bracket 17 can be fixed to an adjacent component via a further screw 25. In order to fix the sheet metal strip 9 to the support 15, the sheet metal strip 9 projects beyond the second flat side 7 in the second fixing section 21 in the exemplary embodiment. A fixing bracket 22, which is formed by an angled section of the sheet metal strip 9, is formed on the sheet metal strip 9. The sheet metal strip 9 is fixed to the support 15 by means of a screw 25 on this fixing bracket 22. A different type of fixation may also be provided.

All sheet metal strips 9 in the section to be arranged within a perforated section 5 are

preferably flat and planar. Outside of the perforated section 5, a different design of the sheet

metal strips 9 can also be provided, in particular a shape deviating from the flat shape.

Figs. 3 to 5 show different exemplary embodiments of sheet metal strips 9. In the exemplary

embodiment shown in Fig. 3, second fixing sections 21 are provided at both ends of the central

section 23 and have rearwardly projecting fixing brackets 22 for fixing to a support 15. In the

exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 4, first fixing sections 20 are arranged at both ends of

the central section 23, which are provided for embedding in layers of mortar 13 of the wall 2. In

the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 4, the entire sheet metal strip 9 lies completely

between the flat sides 6 and 7 of the wall 2 and is only visible in the area of the openings 10.

In the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 5, which corresponds to the embodiment of

the sheet metal strips 9 shown in Fig. 2, a first fixing section 20 and a second fixing section 21

are provided.

Fig. 6 and 7 show different exemplary embodiments of positioning elements 11. In the

exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 6, the positioning element 11 is designed as a bolt that

has a thickening 26. The positioning element 11 may also be a rivet, and the thickening 26 may

be a rivet bulge that holds the rivet to the sheet metal strip 9.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 7, a retaining ring 14 for fixing the bolt on the sheet metal

strip 9 is provided. The retaining ring 14 can, for example, be made of metal. However, the

retaining ring 14 can also be made of an elastic material such as plastic or rubber and can be designed, for example, as a seal and can hold the bolt on the sheet metal strip 9 due to its elasticity.

In the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 8, the positioning elements 11 are formed

from the material of the sheet metal strip 9. For this purpose, a section of the sheet metal strip 9

is bent out of the plane of the sheet metal strip 9 for each positioning element 11, forming a lug

27. The design is shown in detail in Figs. 9 to 11. Figs. 10 and 11 show the lugs 27 bent out of

the sheet metal strip 9. Figs. 9 and 11 also show the so-formed opening 28. The positioning

elements 11 of the exemplary embodiment of Figs. 9 to 11 can be formed by punching out the

delimitation of the lugs 27 and bending the lugs 27 out of the plane of the sheet metal strip 9.

Other designs of positioning elements 11 may also be advantageous. A distance formed

between the positioning elements 11 and the walls of the indentations 12 is advantageously filled

with mortar, ensuring good fixation.

Fig. 12 shows the support 15 in detail. The support 15 has retaining anchors 29 for

connection to an adjacent component. The retaining anchors 29 are intended to be arranged in a

supporting structure such as a supporting brick wall and here for example to be arranged between

superimposed layers of bricks in the mortar. In order to be able to arrange the retaining anchors

29 at a suitable height and to be able to compensate for tolerances, the retaining anchors 29 are

guided in elongated holes 30 in the support 15.

Any other way of fixing the support 15 can also be advantageous.

Claims

1. A wall arrangement comprising a wall (2) which is constructed from superimposed layers

(4) of bricks (3), wherein the wall (2) has a perforated area (5) with openings (10), wherein the

openings (10) are each formed by a distance (a) between two adjacent bricks (3) of one layer (4),

wherein the wall (2) has a stiffening arrangement (8) for absorbing forces acting perpendicularly

on the wall (2),

characterized in that the stiffening arrangement (8) extends at least in the perforated area (5)

of the wall (2) completely between the opposite flat sides (6, 7) of the wall (2) formed by the

bricks (3), wherein the stiffening arrangement (8) comprises at least one sheet metal strip (9)

which is arranged in the perforated area (5) of the wall (2) between two superimposed layers (4)

of bricks (3).

2. The wall arrangement of claim 1,

characterized in that at least one peg-shaped positioning element is fixed to the sheet metal

strip (9) for at least one, in particular for each brick (3), which peg-shaped positioning element

(11) extends in an indentation (12) of the brick (3) and thereby secures the brick (3) in a form

fitting manner in the direction perpendicular to the wall (2).

3. The wall arrangement of claim 2,

characterized in that at least one positioning element (11) is a rivet.

4. The wall arrangement of claim 2 or 3,

characterized in that at least one positioning element (11) is a bolt which is fixed in particular

by forming or by at least one retaining ring (14) on the sheet metal strip (9).

5. The wall arrangement of any one of claims 2 to 4,

characterized in that at least one positioning element (11) is formed by a bent section of the

sheet metal strip (9).

6. The wall arrangement of any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the wall arrangement (1) has at least one support arranged outside of the wall (2), on which support (15) at least one sheet metal strip (9) is fixed.

7. The wall arrangement of claim 6,

characterized in that the support (15) consists of metal.

8. The wall arrangement of any one of claims 1 to 7,

characterized in that the sheet metal strip (9) is fixed outside the perforated area (5) in the

mortar between superimposed layers (4) of bricks (3).

9. The wall arrangement of any one of claims 1 to 8,

characterized in that the sheet metal strip (9) outside the perforated area (5) has at least one

opening (19) in which mortar is arranged.

10. The wall arrangement of any one of claims 1 to 9,

characterized in that the sheet metal strip (9) is formed, in at least one section (16) delimiting

an opening (10), advantageously in all sections (16) delimiting an opening (10), as continuous,

plane flat material and has no positioning element (11) in this section (16).

11. The wall arrangement of any one of claims I to 10,

characterized in that the distance (a) between two adjacent bricks (3) of one layer (4) in the

perforated area (5) corresponds to at least 20%, in particular to at least 30% of the length (b) of

one brick (3).