AU2021215281B2 - Coal-geothermal energy collaborative exploitation method based on water-conducting fractured zone of fault - Google Patents

Coal-geothermal energy collaborative exploitation method based on water-conducting fractured zone of fault Download PDF

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AU2021215281B2
AU2021215281B2 AU2021215281A AU2021215281A AU2021215281B2 AU 2021215281 B2 AU2021215281 B2 AU 2021215281B2 AU 2021215281 A AU2021215281 A AU 2021215281A AU 2021215281 A AU2021215281 A AU 2021215281A AU 2021215281 B2 AU2021215281 B2 AU 2021215281B2
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geothermal
water
coal
heat energy
pipeline
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AU2021215281A1 (en
Inventor
Hongyu Duan
Xiujuan FENG
Yanli Huang
Saibo KONG
Dan Ma
Qiang Sun
Jiajun Wang
Jixiong ZHANG
Qiang Zhang
Nan ZHOU
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21CMINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C41/00Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/16Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/18Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24TGEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T10/00Geothermal collectors
    • F24T10/20Geothermal collectors using underground water as working fluid; using working fluid injected directly into the ground, e.g. using injection wells and recovery wells
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/10Geothermal energy

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a coal-geothermal energy collaborative exploitation method based on a water-conducting fractured zone of a fault. A geothermal water gathering area is fully utilized for coal-geothermal energy collaborative exploitation. A heat energy exchange station is established in a roadway or a chamber formed by gob-side entry retaining after mining at a working face, geothermal wells are excavated through a drilling chamber, a geothermal water extraction pipeline is arranged in the geothermal water gathering area, a tail water reinjection pipeline is arranged in a geothermal reservoir, and tail ends of the geothermal water extraction pipeline and the tail water reinjection pipeline are separated by a certain distance. Geothermal water is extracted to the heat energy exchange station through the geothermal water extraction pipeline, and heat energy is extracted and then conveyed to the ground for utilization. After being extracted, the geothermal water is reinjected to the geothermal reservoir through the tail water reinjection pipeline so as to control the stability of a rock stratum and realize sustainable exploitation of geothermal energy. Meanwhile, coal mining can be carried out at the next working face at the same time, and cooperative exploitation of coal and geothermal energy is achieved. The exploitation method of the present disclosure has the advantages that the resource utilization rate is high, the geothermal energy exploitation utilization cost is low, and harm of the water-conducting fractured zone of the fault is turned into benefit.

Description

Coal-geothermal Energy Collaborative Exploitation Method Based on
Water-conducting Fractured Zone of Fault
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to a coal and geothermal energy exploitation method, in
particular to a coal-geothermal energy collaborative exploitation method based on a
water-conducting fractured zone of a fault, and belongs to the field of underground resource
exploitation.
Background Art
Efficient development and utilization of underground mineral resources are always a
significant proposition of strategic energy development in China, coal resources are the largest
resource in our country, and the mining technology and concept are very mature. In recent years, a
series of technical problems, such as the problem of high geothermal temperature, have been
caused as mining of the coal resources continuously advances deeply. In order to solve
exploitation problems caused by high geothermal temperature, by means of the concept of
efficient resource utilization, geothermal energy exploitation becomes a hot research subject, and
the exploitation technology and concept of the geothermal energy exploitation are continuously
improved and developed. Therefore, scholars provide a coal-geothermal energy collaborative
exploitation method to realize multiple efficient utilization of the resources.
Geological structures such as a fault tend to exist in a weak rock stratum during underground
coal-thermal resource development. The fault is a loose and unstable rock mass structure and has a
natural water-conducting fracture network, and under the influence of deep high geo-stress and
mining disturbance, seepage of underground water to a mining operation space through the fault is
accelerated, so that mine water inrush disasters are caused, and casualties and property losses are
caused. Therefore, existing geothermal exploitation methods generally choose to avoid such area.
A large amount of geothermal energy is stored in the deep rock mass, the water temperature
of an aquifer can reach 60-80°C, and the geothermal energy is clean and abundant. In order to
efficiently develop geothermal resources and reduce the risk of water inrush disasters, the
coal-geothermal energy collaborative exploitation method based on the water-conducting fractured zone of the fault is provided in the disclosure by fully utilizing the water conducting characteristic of the fractured zone of the fault; according to the method, the underground heat energy resources can be circularly exploited, the engineering capital construction cost can be reduced, the risk of water inrush disasters induced by the fault zone can be reduced, and efficient development and utilization of the resources are realized.
Summary of the Disclosure
The present disclosure aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a
coal-geothermal energy collaborative exploitation method based on a water-conducting fractured
zone of a fault. Geothermal water in a geothermal reservoir is conducted for geothermal extraction
by utilizing the convenient condition of a natural water-conducting fracture network of the fault,
and meanwhile, pressure relief is performed on an aquifer, so that the water inrush risk of a
working face is reduced, coal-geothermal energy cooperative exploitation is completed, and
multiple efficient utilization of resources is realized.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the coal-geothermal energy cooperative
exploitation method based on the water-conducting fractured zone of the fault in the disclosure
includes the following steps:
1, determining a geothermal water gathering area. As the fault is a natural water-conducting
fractured zone, a seepage channel is easily formed between the fault and a geothermal reservoir,
and water in the geothermal reservoir is accelerated to flow to the fault, so that geothermal water
is continuously gathered to the fault, and a geothermal water gathering area is formed at the
boundary of the fault and the geothermal reservoir.
2, establishing a coal mining system and mining coal: arranging a main shaft, an auxiliary
shaft and an air shaft according to the occurrence characteristics of a coal seam; excavating a main
transportation roadway, a main track roadway and a main air return roadway in a mining level,
arranging a mining area, and arranging a working face in the mining area; during back-stoping of
the working face, retaining section roadways in a gob-side entry retaining mode; and transmitting
the coal to the ground through the main transportation roadway and the main shaft after the coal is
mined. Due to the existence of the fault in a coal-containing stratum, waterproof coal pillars are
reserved in the mining level.
3, arranging a heat energy exchange station: arranging the heat energy exchange station in the
roadway formed by gob-side entry retaining after the previous working face of the current
working face is mined, and arranging heat energy exchange equipment in the heat energy
exchange station for transferring heat energy in the geothermal water into other heat storage media
and then transmitting the heat energy to the ground.
4, establishing a geothermal water extraction system and extracting the geothermal water:
arranging a drilling chamber in the roadway or the chamber of the previous working face of the
current working face, and excavating geothermal wells to the geothermal water gathering area and
the geothermal reservoir correspondingly; arranging a geothermal water extraction pipeline to the
geothermal water gathering area, and arranging a tail water reinjection pipeline to the geothermal
reservoir through the geothermal wells, wherein a set distance is formed between the ends of the
geothermal water extraction pipeline and the tail water reinjection pipeline; connecting the
geothermal water extraction pipeline with a heat supply side water inlet pipe of the heat energy
exchange equipment of the heat energy exchange station, and thus extracting the geothermal water
in the geothermal reservoir to the heat energy exchange equipment; connecting the tail water
reinjection pipeline with a heat supply side water outlet pipe of the heat energy exchange
equipment, and reinjecting the geothermal water after heat exchange (tail water) into the
geothermal reservoir; drilling holes from the ground to the heat energy exchange station, arranging
a heat energy transmission pipeline and a water return pipeline in the holes, connecting the water
return pipeline with a heat exchange side water inlet pipe of the heat energy exchange equipment,
connecting a heat exchange side water outlet pipe of the heat energy exchange equipment with the
heat energy transmission pipeline, and transmitting geothermal energy to the ground from the heat
energy exchange station through the heat energy transmission pipeline after being subjected to
heat exchange by the heat energy exchange equipment; and meanwhile, continuously conducting
coal mining operation at the working face, transporting the coal through the main transportation
roadway, then lifting the coal to the ground through the main shaft, and thus achieving
coal-geothermal energy cooperative exploitation.
The geothermal water extraction system further includes a geothermal reservoir detection
system, and the system includes a geothermal water level monitoring device, a geothermal water
temperature monitoring device, a geothermal water pressure monitoring device and a geothermal reservoir displacement monitoring device. The water level, the water pressure and the water temperature of the geothermal reservoir are monitored in real time, and data are synchronously fed back to the heat energy exchange station and a ground dispatching system, so as to regulate and control geothermal water extraction strength and tail water reinjection amount in real time. The geothermal reservoir displacement monitoring device monitors displacement changes of the geothermal reservoir, and thus coal mining safety is guaranteed.
In the geothermal water gathering area, the geothermal water is continuously gathered by
utilizing the water pressures of the water-conducting fractured zone and the geothermal reservoir
of the fault, so that it is guaranteed that a heat source for geothermal energy collection exists
continuously. Due to the existence of a natural water flow channel of the water-conducting
fractured zone of the fault, the geothermal water can flow and be stored conveniently, and the
geothermal water extraction efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, extraction of the geothermal
water can relieve the pressure of the geothermal reservoir.
The geothermal water extraction pipeline arranged from the heat energy exchange station to
the geothermal water gathering area passes through a fractured rock mass around the fault, and the
fractured rock mass belongs to the weak loose rock mass, so that the construction difficulty of
drilling and arrangement can be reduced; and the geothermal water extraction pipeline does not
need to extend into the geothermal reservoir, so that the pipeline distance is reduced, and the
drilling and pipeline arrangement costs can be saved.
According to the geothermal water extraction system, the geothermal water is extracted from
the heat source of the geothermal water gathering area and is transported to the heat energy
exchange station through the geothermal water extraction pipeline. Heat energy in the geothermal
water is transferred and stored in the heat energy exchange station and is directly conveyed to the
ground for utilization through the heat energy transmission pipeline. The tail water output by the
heat energy exchange station is reinjected to the geothermal reservoir through the tail water
reinjection pipeline so as to ensure the stability of the geothermal reservoir. The reinjected tail
water flows to the heat energy gathering area again through heating of the geothermal reservoir to
supplement the heat source, and thus circular exploitation and utilization of the geothermal water
are achieved.
Aiming at technical problems faced by development and utilization of the coal-heat resources of the fault-containing geological structures, the present disclosure provides the coal-geothermal energy collaborative exploitation method based on the water-conducting fractured zone of the fault.
The large-range fractured zone rock mass is formed around the fault, so that the geothermal water
gathering area is formed between the geothermal reservoir and the fault. By adopting the
above-mentioned technical scheme, the high permeability of the geothermal water gathering area
and the weakness of the fractured zone rock mass can be fully utilized in the disclosure, the heat
exchange station is built in the roadway of the previous working face, and the geothermal energy
is extracted through the geothermal water extraction pipeline and the tail water reinjection pipeline,
so that coal-heat synergetic efficient exploitation and utilization are achieved, meanwhile, the
geothermal reservoir can be continuously subjected to pressure relief, the risk of water inrush
induced by the fault zone is reduced, and thus harm is changed into benefit.
The present disclosure has the following advantages:
1, the geothermal resources are fully utilized, meanwhile, coal-geothermal energy
cooperative exploitation can be achieved, and multiple efficient development and utilization of the
resources are completed;
2, the geothermal water gathering area formed by the seepage channel between the natural
water-conducting fractured zone of the fault and the geothermal reservoir is used as the heat
source for geothermal water exploitation, so that the geothermal water can flow and be stored
conveniently, and the extraction efficiency is improved;
3, the danger of the geological structure of the fault is overcome, extraction of the
high-temperature water in the geothermal reservoir has a certain pressure relief effect on the
geothermal reservoir, the risk of water inrush disasters of the fault zone is reduced, and the harm
of the water-conducting fractured zone of the fault is changed into benefit; and
4, the heat exchange station is established in the roadway at the working face, so that the
transmission distance of the geothermal water is greatly shortened, the engineering amount of
pipeline arrangement is reduced, the cost is saved, and the heat energy loss is reduced.
Brief Description of the Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a coal-geothermal energy cooperative exploitation method
based on a water-conducting fractured zone of a fault according to the present disclosure; in the figure: 1, geothermal water gathering area; 2, main shaft; 3, auxiliary shaft; 4, air shaft;
5, main transportation roadway; 6, main track roadway; 7, main air return roadway; 8, waterproof
coal pillar; 9, previous working face; 10, heat energy exchange station; 11, tail water reinjection
pipeline; 12, geothermal water extraction pipeline; 13, geothermal reservoir; 14, heat energy
transmission pipeline; 15, next working face; 16, fault; and 17, water return pipeline.
Detailed Description of the Disclosure
The present disclosure will be further described in detail in combination with specific
embodiments and drawings.
A mining system for a coal-geothermal energy cooperative exploitation method based on a
water-conducting fractured zone of a fault provided by the present disclosure is shown in FIG. 1.
The fault 16 is a natural water-conducting fractured zone, a seepage channel is easily formed
between the fault and a geothermal reservoir 13, and water in the geothermal reservoir is
accelerated to flow to the fault, so that geothermal water is continuously gathered to the fault, and
a geothermal water gathering area 1 is formed at the boundary of the fault and the geothermal
reservoir.
1, firstly determining the geothermal water gathering area 1 formed by the natural fractured
zone between the fault 16 and the geothermal reservoir 13 according to geological data.
2, establishing a coal mining system and mining coal: arranging a main shaft 2, an auxiliary
shaft 3 and an air shaft 4 according to the occurrence characteristics of a coal seam; excavating a
main transportation roadway 5, a main track roadway 6 and a main air return roadway 7 in a
mining level, arranging a mining area, and arranging a working face in the mining area; during
back-stoping of the working face, retaining section roadways in a gob-side entry retaining mode;
and transmitting the coal to the ground through the main transportation roadway 5 and the main
shaft 2 after the coal is mined. Due to the existence of the fault in a coal-containing stratum,
waterproof coal pillars 8 are reserved in the mining level.
3, arranging a heat energy exchange station: establishing the heat energy exchange station 10
in the roadway formed by gob-side entry retaining after the previous working face 9 of the current
working face is mined, and arranging heat energy exchange equipment in the heat energy
exchange station for transferring heat energy in the geothermal water into other heat storage media and then transmitting the heat energy to the ground.
4, establishing a geothermal water extraction system and extracting the geothermal water:
arranging a drilling chamber in the roadway or a chamber of the previous working face 9 of the
current working face 15, and excavating geothermal wells to the geothermal water gathering area
1 and the geothermal reservoir 13 correspondingly; arranging a geothermal water extraction
pipeline 12 to the geothermal water gathering area, and arranging a tail water reinjection pipeline
11 to the geothermal reservoir through the geothermal wells, wherein a set distance is formed
between the ends of the geothermal water extraction pipeline and the tail water reinjection pipeline;
connecting the geothermal water extraction pipeline with a heat supply side water inlet pipe of the
heat energy exchange equipment of the heat energy exchange station, and thus extracting the
geothermal water in the geothermal reservoir to the heat energy exchange equipment; connecting
the tail water reinjection pipeline 11 with a heat supply side water outlet pipe of the heat energy
exchange equipment, and reinjecting the geothermal water after heat exchange (tail water) into the
geothermal reservoir 13 or using the tail water to dedust the working face; drilling holes from the
ground to the heat energy exchange station, arranging a heat energy transmission pipeline 14 and a
water return pipeline 17 in the holes, connecting the water return pipeline with a heat exchange
side water inlet pipe of the heat energy exchange equipment, connecting a heat exchange side
water outlet pipe of the heat energy exchange equipment with the heat energy transmission
pipeline, and transmitting geothermal energy to the ground from the heat energy exchange station
through the heat energy transmission pipeline after being subjected to heat exchange by the heat
energy exchange equipment. Meanwhile, coal mining operation at the working face 15 can be
continuously conducted, the coal is transported through the main transportation roadway 5 and
then lifted to the ground through the main shaft 2, and thus coal-geothermal energy cooperative
exploitation is achieved.
The geothermal water gathering area 1 fully utilizes the water conductivity and porosity of
the fault fractured zone and can serve as a temporary storage space of the geothermal water, so
that a heat source is provided and the geothermal water exploitation efficiency is improved. The
specific position and range can be determined according to previous geological exploration work.
The heat energy exchange station 10 is located on the working face 9 close to the geothermal
water gathering area 1. After the working face is mined, a heat energy exchange station 10 is established by utilizing the roadway or the chamber retained by gob-side entry retaining. Due to such design, the geothermal water extraction pipeline 12 passes through the fractured rock mass around the fault, and the fractured rock mass belongs to the weak loose rock mass, so that the construction difficulty of drilling and arrangement can be reduced; and meanwhile, the excavation lengths of the geothermal wells are greatly shortened, the geothermal water extraction energy consumption is reduced, and the cost is saved.
The tail water is reinjected into the geothermal reservoir 13, so that the stability of the
geothermal reservoir can be controlled, the safe mining of coal-geothermal energy is ensured, a
water source can be supplemented for the geothermal reservoir 13, and the sustainable cyclic
utilization of the geothermal water is realized.
Furthermore, the geothermal water extraction system further includes a geothermal reservoir
13 detection system, the system including a geothermal water level monitoring device, a
geothermal water temperature monitoring device, a geothermal water pressure monitoring device
and a geothermal reservoir displacement monitoring device. The system can monitor the water
level, the water pressure and the water temperature of the geothermal reservoir in real time, and
synchronously feeds data back to the heat energy exchange station 10 and a ground dispatching
system, so that the geothermal water extraction strength and the tail water reinjection amount can
be conveniently regulated and controlled. The geothermal reservoir displacement monitoring
device can monitor the displacement changes of the geothermal reservoir 13, so that the
production efficiency can be improved while safe exploitation of the resources is guaranteed.

Claims (2)

Claims
1. A coal-geothermal energy cooperative exploitation method based on a water-conducting
fractured zone of a fault, comprising the following steps:
1, determining a geothermal water gathering area, wherein the geothermal water
gathering area is the position of the boundary of the fault and a geothermal reservoir;
2, establishing a coal mining system and mining coal: arranging a main shaft, an
auxiliary shaft and an air shaft according to the occurrence characteristics of a coal seam;
excavating a main transportation roadway, a main track roadway and a main air return
roadway in a mining level, arranging a mining area, and arranging a working face in the
mining area; during back-stoping of the working face, retaining section roadways in a
gob-side entry retaining mode; and transmitting the coal to the ground through the main
transportation roadway and the main shaft after the coal is mined;
3, arranging a heat energy exchange station: arranging the heat energy exchange station
in the roadway formed by gob-side entry retaining after the previous working face of the
current working face is mined, and arranging heat energy exchange equipment in the heat
energy exchange station; and
4, establishing a geothermal water extraction system and extracting the geothermal
water: arranging a drilling chamber in the roadway or the chamber of the previous working
face of the current working face, and excavating geothermal wells to the geothermal water
gathering area and the geothermal reservoir correspondingly; arranging a geothermal water
extraction pipeline to the geothermal water gathering area, and arranging a tail water
reinjection pipeline to the geothermal reservoir through the geothermal wells, wherein a set
distance is formed between the ends of the geothermal water extraction pipeline and the tail
water reinjection pipeline; connecting the geothermal water extraction pipeline with a heat
supply side water inlet pipe of the heat energy exchange equipment of the heat energy
exchange station, and thus extracting the geothermal water in the geothermal reservoir to the
heat energy exchange equipment; connecting the tail water reinjection pipeline with a heat
supply side water outlet pipe of the heat energy exchange equipment, and reinjecting the geothermal water after heat exchange into the geothermal reservoir; drilling holes from the ground to the heat energy exchange station, arranging a heat energy transmission pipeline and a water return pipeline in the holes, connecting the water return pipeline with a heat exchange side water inlet pipe of the heat energy exchange equipment, connecting a heat exchange side water outlet pipe of the heat energy exchange equipment with the heat energy transmission pipeline, and transmitting geothermal energy to the ground from the heat energy exchange station through the heat energy transmission pipeline after being subjected to heat exchange by the heat energy exchange equipment; and meanwhile, continuously conducting coal mining operation at the working face, transporting the coal through the main transportation roadway, then lifting the coal to the ground through the main shaft, and thus achieving coal-geothermal energy cooperative exploitation.
2. The coal-geothermal energy collaborative exploitation method based on the
water-conducting fractured zone of the fault according to claim 1, wherein a geothermal water
level monitoring device, a geothermal water temperature monitoring device, a geothermal water
pressure monitoring device and a geothermal reservoir displacement monitoring device are
arranged in the geothermal reservoir; the water level, the water pressure and the water temperature
of the geothermal reservoir are monitored in real time, and data are synchronously fed back to the
heat energy exchange station and a ground dispatching system, so as to regulate and control
geothermal water extraction strength and tail water reinjection amount in real time; and the
geothermal reservoir displacement monitoring device monitors displacement changes of the
geothermal reservoir, and thus coal mining safety is guaranteed.
AU2021215281A 2020-05-18 2021-03-12 Coal-geothermal energy collaborative exploitation method based on water-conducting fractured zone of fault Active AU2021215281B2 (en)

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ZA202105629B (en) 2022-08-31

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