CN113915783A - Mine thermal damage treatment collaborative geothermal mining method - Google Patents
Mine thermal damage treatment collaborative geothermal mining method Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
- F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
- F24T10/20—Geothermal collectors using underground water as working fluid; using working fluid injected directly into the ground, e.g. using injection wells and recovery wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mine thermal damage management collaborative geothermal mining method, which comprises the following steps: firstly, constructing a mine thermal damage treatment and collaborative geothermal mining structure; secondly, injecting cold water into the rock stratum through a cold water injection channel; thirdly, hot water in the rock stratum is extracted through a hot water extraction channel; fourthly, heat pump treatment; and fifthly, monitoring the air flow temperature in the mine working roadway. The cold mass continuously flows into the rock stratum, the temperature of the rock nearby the cold mass is gradually reduced, so that the cold water injection channel prevents the heat conduction of geothermal energy at the bottom of the rock stratum to the mining layer, the temperature of the surrounding rock of the upper mine working roadway is also reduced along with the gradual expansion of the rock cooling area nearby the injection channel, the temperature of the internal air flow is effectively reduced, the hot water of the high-temperature rock stratum is conveyed to the ground from the air return side of the mine roadway, the extracted high-temperature rock stratum is prevented from releasing heat energy into the roadway to aggravate heat damage, the air flow temperature of the air return side is higher, the heat loss of the extracted rock stratum hot water is reduced, and an effective way is provided for the synchronous processing of geothermal heat damage of the mine and the extraction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mine thermal damage control and geothermal exploitation, and particularly relates to a mine thermal damage control and geothermal exploitation method.
Background
The underground temperature gradually increases with increasing mine mining depth. In recent years, the mining level of mineral resources in China gradually shifts to the deep part, the thermal injury of mines becomes more serious, and the problem of thermal injury becomes an important problem for restraining the deep mining of mines. The mine heat damage not only can influence the labor efficiency of workers, but also can influence the human health after long-term operation in a high-temperature environment, cause various physiological diseases and easily cause safety accidents. In addition, when the initial rock temperature of the rock stratum is higher, the mine is exposed to disasters such as more severe gas outburst, spontaneous combustion of ores and the like. When the traditional refrigeration cooling method is used for treating the heat damage of a deep high-temperature mine, the problems of large heat release amount of surrounding rock of the mine, high initial temperature of wind current, large cold quantity transmission loss, difficult heat removal of condensation heat and the like cause that the methods are difficult to meet the requirement of mine cooling.
The traditional heat damage treatment process can be mainly divided into two types of treatment measures, one type is a non-mechanical refrigeration cooling method, and the method comprises ventilation cooling, heat insulation dredging, heat source control, individual protection and the like; the other type is a mechanical refrigeration method, which absorbs underground heat by utilizing different refrigeration media to transfer refrigeration capacity, such as artificial refrigeration water/ice cooling, heat pipe cooling, compressed air refrigeration, carbon dioxide cooling and the like. However, when the methods are used for treating heat damage of deep mines, the methods have the problems of high cost, low efficiency, large loss of cold energy, poor cooling effect and the like, and are difficult to popularize and apply. A plurality of scholars research the surrounding rock and temperature of a mine roadway, and find that the main determining factor of the mine thermal damage is the formation temperature, and the key of the deep mine thermal damage treatment is to adopt an effective method to reduce the temperature of the surrounding rock of the mine roadway. Under the conditions of high original rock temperature and high heat conductivity of a deep mine, the temperature of the rock wall of the roadway is difficult to effectively control by adopting measures such as heat insulation materials and the like.
The problem of thermal damage of a deep mine is one of important factors for restricting deep mining, the investment of simple mine cooling is high, the limitation is large, and the combination of mine thermal damage treatment and geothermal mining gradually becomes a consensus of everybody. However, the current research on the collaborative heat damage treatment of mine geothermal mining is mainly theoretical research, and related process methods and technologies are less researched. Mine geothermal heat, although causing mine thermal damage, is also an associated resource in mine mining processes. If the heat energy in the rock stratum is reasonably exploited, the heat energy is combined with mineral exploitation, so that the heat energy can be obtained for production and living to create economic value, and the effect of reducing the temperature of a mine and controlling heat damage can be achieved. Meanwhile, mine geothermal mining is also an optional road for continuous production and operation of abandoned mines. The mine geothermal collaborative mining is a win-win method of resource development and energy utilization, and is an important measure for changing harm into benefit and changing waste into valuable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the defects in the prior art are overcome, and provides a collaborative geothermal exploitation method for mine thermal hazard control, wherein a cold water injection channel and a hot water heat extraction channel which are arranged up and down are arranged, cold matter continuously flows into a rock stratum, the temperature of rocks nearby the rock stratum is gradually reduced, so that the cold water injection channel prevents the heat conduction of geothermal energy at the bottom of the rock stratum to an exploitation layer, meanwhile, along with the prolonging of the injection time of the cold water, the temperature reduction area of the rocks nearby the injection channel is gradually enlarged, the temperature of surrounding rocks of an upper mine working roadway is also reduced, the temperature of internal airflow is effectively reduced, the mine thermal hazard control is obviously improved, high-temperature rock stratum hot water extracted through the hot water heat extraction channel is conveyed to the ground from the air return side of the mine roadway, on one hand, the heat damage caused by the release of the extracted high-temperature rock stratum into the roadway is prevented, on the other hand, the temperature of the airflow at the air return side is higher, the heat loss of the extracted rock stratum hot water is reduced, an effective way is provided for synchronous mine thermal damage treatment and geothermal exploitation, the safe, green and efficient exploitation of deep mines in China is facilitated, meanwhile, the development and utilization of geothermal energy of the mines in China are promoted, and the popularization and the use are facilitated.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a mine thermal damage treatment collaborative geothermal mining method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, constructing a mine heat damage treatment collaborative geothermal mining structure, and the process is as follows:
101, an injection well which is vertically tunneled downwards is arranged on one side, close to an air inlet well, of a mine working roadway, and a production well which is vertically tunneled downwards is arranged on one side, close to an air return well, of the mine working roadway;
102, excavating a plurality of cold water injection channels tunneled along a horizontal stratum at one side of an injection well close to a production well, constructing a mine reservoir at the top of one side of the injection well close to the production well, and enabling underground cold water to enter the mine reservoir through a water inlet pipe, wherein the mine reservoir is communicated with the cold water injection channels through water injection pipes;
excavating a plurality of hot water heat extraction channels tunneled along a horizontal stratum at one side of the production well close to the injection well, arranging a heat pump at the top of one side of the production well close to the injection well, and communicating the heat pump with the hot water heat extraction channels through the heat extraction pipes;
wherein, the hot water heating channel is positioned at the lower side of the cold water injection channel;
103, communicating a cold water output end of the heat pump with a mine reservoir by using a cold water return pipe, laying the cold water return pipe along the earth surface of a mine working roadway, and installing a temperature detector for detecting the temperature of air flow on the top wall of the mine working roadway;
104, communicating a hot water output end of the heat pump with a ground water station by using a hot water conveying pipe, wherein the hot water conveying pipe is installed along the inside of a return air well;
step two, injecting cold water into the rock stratum through a cold water injection channel: the mine reservoir injects high-pressure cold water into the cold water injection channel through the water injection pipe, the cold water continuously flows into the rock stratum, the temperature of the rock stratum on the periphery of the cold water injection channel is reduced, so that the cold water injection channel prevents the heat conduction of geothermal energy at the bottom of the rock stratum to a mining layer, meanwhile, the cold water is continuously injected into the rock stratum, the temperature reduction area of the rock stratum on the periphery of the cold water injection channel is enlarged, the temperature of the air current in the mine working channel is reduced along with the reduction of the surrounding rock temperature of the upper mine working channel, and the air current temperature of the mine working channel in the air inlet well side channel is reduced;
step three, extracting hot water in the rock stratum by a hot water heat extraction channel: negative pressure extraction is adopted in the hot water heat extraction channel, so that high-temperature seepage water in surrounding rocks flows into the hot water heat extraction channel, and when the hot water heat extraction channel extracts stratum seepage water, upper-layer low-temperature water flows to the hot water heat extraction channel, so that the temperature of an upper stratum is accelerated, and the temperature of surrounding rocks of a roadway is reduced;
step four, heat pump treatment: the extracted hot water of the rock stratum is converted into cold water and hot water after being processed by a heat pump, the hot water is conveyed to a ground water station by a return air shaft for production and life, the heat energy quality is improved, meanwhile, the energy consumption required for conveying mine water to the ground is reduced, the cold water generated by the heat pump is used for cooling the working surface of a mine and producing the water for the mine, then, the residual cold water is conveyed to a mine reservoir through a cold water return pipe, the cold water return pipe is laid along the ground surface of a mine working roadway, and the cold water of the heat pump is arranged on the output path of the cold water return pipe to cool the temperature of the roadway at the rear end, so that the heat damage in the whole roadway is treated;
step five, monitoring the air flow temperature in the mine working roadway: monitoring the air flow temperature in a mine working roadway by using a temperature detector, and stopping the work of injecting cold water into a rock stratum and extracting hot water in the rock stratum when temperature data acquired by the temperature detector is smaller than a temperature threshold value; otherwise, executing step two.
The collaborative geothermal mining method for the mine thermal damage management is characterized by comprising the following steps: the plurality of cold water injection channels tunneled along the horizontal stratum are arranged in a radioactive mode and are communicated with the injection wells, the number of the water injection pipes is equal to that of the cold water injection channels in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the plurality of hot water heat recovery channels tunneled along the horizontal stratum are arranged in a radioactive mode and are communicated with the production wells, and the number of the heat recovery pipes is equal to that of the hot water heat recovery channels in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
The collaborative geothermal mining method for the mine thermal damage management is characterized by comprising the following steps: and a high-pressure water outlet head is arranged at the water outlet end of the water injection pipe.
The collaborative geothermal mining method for the mine thermal damage management is characterized by comprising the following steps: and a first water pump is installed on the cold water return pipe, and a second water pump is installed on the hot water conveying pipe.
The collaborative geothermal mining method for the mine thermal damage management is characterized by comprising the following steps: the cold water injection channel is located at the lower side of the mine working roadway by 10-20 m, and the hot water heating channel is located at the lower side of the cold water injection channel by 40-60 m.
The collaborative geothermal mining method for the mine thermal damage management is characterized by comprising the following steps: and in the third step, a negative pressure extraction pump is installed at one end, close to the hot water heat extraction channel, of the heat extraction pipe, and hot water in the rock stratum is extracted into the hot water heat extraction channel.
The collaborative geothermal mining method for the mine thermal damage management is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the first step, a first geothermal exploitation layer is formed by a plurality of cold water injection channels tunneled along a horizontal stratum and a plurality of hot water exploitation channels tunneled along the horizontal stratum;
when deep geothermal exploitation to a stratum is needed, a plurality of deep geothermal exploitation layers are sequentially arranged on the lower side of a first geothermal exploitation layer from top to bottom, each deep geothermal exploitation layer comprises a plurality of deep cold water injection channels tunneled along a horizontal layer and a plurality of deep hot water exploitation channels tunneled along the horizontal layer, the deep cold water injection channels tunneled along the horizontal layer are arranged in a radioactive mode and are communicated with the injection wells, the deep hot water exploitation channels tunneled along the horizontal layer are arranged in a radioactive mode and are communicated with a production well, a first deep cold water injection channel is lower than a hot water exploitation channel, a first deep hot water exploitation channel is lower than a first deep cold water injection channel, an ith deep cold water injection channel is lower than an i-1 deep hot water exploitation channel, and an ith deep hot water exploitation channel is lower than an ith deep cold water injection channel, wherein i is a positive integer not less than 2;
the deep cold water injection channel is communicated with the water injection pipe through a deep water injection pipe, and the deep hot water heating channel is communicated with the heating pipe through a deep heating pipe;
the water outlet end of the deep water injection pipe is provided with a deep high-pressure water outlet head;
and the water outlet end of the heat extraction pipe and the water outlet end of the deep heat extraction pipe are both provided with electromagnetic switch valves.
The collaborative geothermal mining method for the mine thermal damage management is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method also comprises the sixth step of heating the deep geothermal exploitation layer: when the heat recovery performance of the first geothermal exploitation layer is insufficient, the heat recovery of the first geothermal exploitation layer is closed, the heat recovery of the first deep geothermal exploitation layer is started, low-temperature mine cold water is injected into a first deep cold water injection channel, a first deep hot water exploitation channel adopts negative pressure to extract high-temperature rock water in an extracted rock, the extracted rock hot water is converted into cold water and hot water after being processed by a heat pump, the hot water is conveyed to a ground water station from a return air shaft for production and life, the heat energy quality is improved, meanwhile, the energy consumption required for conveying the mine water to the ground is reduced, cold water generated by the heat pump is used for cooling a mine working face and mine production water, then, the residual cold water is conveyed to a mine water storage tank through a cold water return pipe, the temperature of a rear-end roadway is reduced, and the heat damage in the whole roadway is treated;
when the heat recovery performance of the first deep geothermal exploitation layer is insufficient, the heat recovery of the first deep geothermal exploitation layer is closed, the heat recovery of the second deep geothermal exploitation layer is started, low-temperature mine cold water is injected into the second deep cold water injection channel, the second deep hot water exploitation channel adopts negative pressure to extract high-temperature rock stratum water in the rock stratum, and other processes are the same as the heat recovery process of the first deep geothermal exploitation layer;
by this reciprocating, constantly tunnel to the rock stratum deep, adopt higher quality geothermal energy.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the mine thermal damage control and geothermal mining structure is constructed, the cold water injection channel and the hot water heat extraction channel which are arranged up and down are arranged, cold substances in the cold water injection channel are continuously injected into the rock stratum, and the temperature of rocks nearby the cold water injection channel is gradually reduced, so that the cold water injection channel prevents the heat conduction of geothermal energy at the bottom of the rock stratum to the mining layer, meanwhile, the rock temperature reduction area nearby the injection channel is gradually enlarged along with the extension of the cold water injection time, the temperature of surrounding rocks of an upper mine working roadway is also reduced, the temperature of internal airflow is effectively reduced, the mine thermal damage control is obviously improved, and the mine thermal damage control is convenient to popularize and use.
2. According to the invention, the high-temperature rock stratum hot water extracted through the hot water heat extraction channel is conveyed to the ground from the air return side of the mine tunnel, so that on one hand, the heat energy released by the extracted high-temperature rock stratum into the tunnel is prevented to aggravate the heat damage, on the other hand, the air flow temperature of the air return side is higher, the heat loss of the extracted rock stratum hot water is reduced, an effective way is provided for the synchronous implementation of mine heat damage treatment and geothermal exploitation, the safe, green and efficient exploitation of deep mines in China is facilitated, meanwhile, the development and utilization of geothermal energy of mines in China are promoted, and the use effect is good.
3. The method has simple steps, and the temperature of the air current in the mine working roadway is monitored, so that when the temperature data collected by the temperature detector is continuously reduced, the temperature of the extracted hot water is relatively low, and at the moment, the work of injecting cold water into the rock stratum and extracting the hot water in the rock stratum is stopped; when the temperature is accumulated to a certain amount, the work of injecting cold water into the rock stratum and extracting hot water in the rock stratum is restarted, so that the working efficiency is high, the energy-saving effect is good, and the popularization and the use are convenient.
In conclusion, the cold water injection channel and the hot water heat recovery channel which are arranged up and down are arranged, the cold mass continuously flows into the rock stratum, the temperature of the rock nearby is gradually reduced, so that the cold water injection channel prevents the heat conduction of the geothermal energy at the bottom of the rock stratum to the mining layer, meanwhile, the rock temperature reduction area nearby the injection channel is gradually enlarged along with the extension of the cold water injection time, the temperature of the surrounding rock of the upper mine working tunnel is also reduced, the temperature of the internal air current is effectively reduced, the mine heat damage treatment is obviously improved, the high-temperature rock stratum hot water extracted through the hot water heat recovery channel is conveyed to the ground from the air return side of the mine tunnel, on one hand, the heat energy released by the extracted high-temperature rock stratum to the tunnel is prevented to aggravate the heat damage, on the other hand, the air flow temperature of the air return side is higher, the heat loss of the extracted rock stratum hot water is reduced, and an effective way is provided for the synchronization of the mine heat damage treatment and the geothermal exploitation, the method is beneficial to promoting safe, green and efficient mining of deep mines in China, and simultaneously promotes development and utilization of geothermal energy of mines in China, and is convenient to popularize and use.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a mine structure in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a method flow of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a mine structure in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a method in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-an air inlet shaft; 2-return air shaft; 3-mine working tunnel;
4-an injection well; 5-cold water injection channel; 6-mine reservoir;
7, a water inlet pipe; 8, a water injection pipe; 9-high pressure water outlet head;
10-a production well; 11-hot water heat collecting channel; 12-a heat pump;
13-a heat collecting pipe; 14-cold water return pipe; 15-a first water pump;
16-hot water conveying pipe; 17-a second water pump; 18-temperature detector;
19-a ground water station; 20-deep cold water injection channel;
21-deep water injection pipe; 22-deep high-pressure water outlet head;
23-deep hot water heat collecting channel; 24-deep layer heat collecting pipe.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention relates to a mine thermal damage treatment collaborative geothermal mining method, which comprises the following steps:
step one, constructing a mine heat damage treatment collaborative geothermal mining structure, and the process is as follows:
101, an injection well 4 which is arranged on one side of a mine working roadway 3 close to an air inlet well 1 and is vertically tunneled downwards, and a production well 10 which is arranged on one side of the mine working roadway 3 close to an air return well 2 and is vertically tunneled downwards;
102, excavating a plurality of cold water injection channels 5 tunneled along a horizontal stratum at one side of an injection well 4 close to a production well 10, constructing a mine reservoir 6 at the top of one side of the injection well 4 close to the production well 10, and enabling underground cold water to enter the mine reservoir 6 through a water inlet pipe 7, wherein the mine reservoir 6 is communicated with the cold water injection channels 5 through a water injection pipe 8;
a plurality of hot water heat extraction channels 11 which are tunneled along a horizontal stratum are excavated on one side of the production well 10 close to the injection well 4, a heat pump 12 is arranged at the top of one side of the production well 10 close to the injection well 4, and the heat pump 12 is communicated with the hot water heat extraction channels 11 through a heat extraction pipe 13;
wherein, the hot water heating channel 11 is positioned at the lower side of the cold water injection channel 5;
103, communicating a cold water output end of the heat pump 12 with the mine reservoir 6 by using a cold water return pipe 14, laying the cold water return pipe 14 along the ground surface of the mine working roadway 3, and installing a temperature detector 18 for detecting the temperature of the air flow on the top wall of the mine working roadway 3;
104, communicating a hot water output end of the heat pump 12 with a ground water station 19 by using a hot water conveying pipe 16, wherein the hot water conveying pipe 16 is installed along the interior of the return air shaft 2;
step two, injecting cold water into the rock stratum through a cold water injection channel: the mine reservoir 6 injects high-pressure cold water into the cold water injection channel 5 through the water injection pipe 8, the cold water continuously flows into the rock stratum, the temperature of the rock stratum on the periphery of the cold water injection channel 5 is reduced, so that the cold water injection channel 5 prevents the heat conduction of geothermal energy at the bottom of the rock stratum to a mining layer, meanwhile, the cold water is continuously injected into the rock stratum, the temperature reduction area of the rock stratum on the periphery of the cold water injection channel 5 is enlarged, the temperature of surrounding rock of the upper mine working tunnel 3 is reduced, the temperature of airflow in the mine working tunnel 3 is reduced, and the temperature of the airflow in the mine working tunnel 3 on the side of the air inlet shaft 1 is reduced;
step three, extracting hot water in the rock stratum by a hot water heat extraction channel: negative pressure extraction is adopted in the hot water heat extraction channel 11, so that high-temperature seepage water in surrounding rocks flows into the hot water heat extraction channel 11, and when the hot water heat extraction channel 11 extracts stratum seepage water, upper-layer low-temperature water flows to the hot water heat extraction channel 11, so that the temperature of an upper stratum is accelerated, and the temperature of surrounding rocks of a roadway is reduced;
step four, heat pump treatment: the extracted hot water of the rock stratum is converted into cold water and hot water after being processed by a heat pump, the hot water is conveyed to a ground water station 19 from an air return well 2 for production and life, the heat energy quality is improved, meanwhile, the energy consumption required for conveying mine water to the ground is reduced, the cold water generated by the heat pump is used for cooling the working face of a mine and producing water for the mine, then, the residual cold water is conveyed to a mine reservoir 6 through a cold water return pipe 14, the cold water return pipe 14 is laid along the ground surface of a mine working roadway 3, the cold water of the heat pump is cooled on the output path of the cold water return pipe 14, and the temperature of the roadway at the rear end is reduced, so that the harmful internal heat treatment of the whole roadway is realized;
step five, monitoring the air flow temperature in the mine working roadway: monitoring the temperature of the airflow in the mine working roadway 3 by using the temperature detector 18, and stopping the work of injecting cold water into the rock stratum and extracting hot water in the rock stratum when the temperature data acquired by the temperature detector 18 is smaller than a temperature threshold value; otherwise, executing step two.
In this embodiment, the cold water return pipe 14 is provided with a first water pump 15, and the hot water delivery pipe 16 is provided with a second water pump 17.
In this embodiment, the cold water injection channel 5 is located 10m to 20m below the mine working roadway 3, and the hot water heating channel 11 is located 40m to 60m below the cold water injection channel 5.
In this embodiment, in the third step, a negative pressure extraction pump is installed at one end of the heat extraction pipe 13 close to the hot water heat extraction channel 11, so as to extract hot water in the rock stratum into the hot water heat extraction channel 11.
In this embodiment, a plurality of the cold water injection channels 5 tunneled along the horizontal stratum are radially arranged and are all communicated with the injection well 4, the number of the water injection pipes 8 is equal to that of the cold water injection channels 5 and is in one-to-one correspondence, a plurality of the hot water heat recovery channels 11 tunneled along the horizontal stratum are radially arranged and are all communicated with the production well 10, and the number of the heat recovery pipes 13 is equal to that of the hot water heat recovery channels 11 and is in one-to-one correspondence.
In this embodiment, the water outlet end of the water injection pipe 8 is provided with a high-pressure water outlet head 9.
When the device is actually used, the water outlet end of each water injection pipe 8 is provided with a high-pressure water outlet head 9, the high-pressure water outlet heads 9 at the corresponding positions can be selectively opened according to the detected geothermal position, cold water in the trend cold water injection channel 5 flows to the designated position, and therefore the geothermal utilization of the rock stratum is efficiently realized.
When the invention is used, an injection well 4 is vertically and downwards tunneled at the air inlet side of a mine working roadway 3, a production well 10 is vertically and downwards tunneled at the air return well side, after the injection well 4 is tunneled for 10-20 meters, a horizontal cold water injection channel is tunneled below a main ventilation roadway of the mine close to the air inlet well for injecting low-temperature cold water into a rock stratum, a horizontal hot water heat extraction channel 11 is tunneled at a position 40-60 meters lower than the cold water injection channel for extracting hot water in the rock stratum under negative pressure, after mine cold water continuously flows into the rock stratum through the cold water injection channel, the temperature of rocks near the cold water injection channel is gradually reduced, so that the cold water channel prevents the heat conduction of geothermal energy at the bottom of the rock stratum to a mining layer, meanwhile, the rock temperature reduction zone near the injection channel is gradually enlarged along with the extension of cold water injection time, and after a certain time, the temperature of surrounding rocks of the main ventilation roadway at the upper layer is also reduced, the temperature of the air flow in the ventilation roadway is effectively reduced, the temperature of the air flow in the roadway on the air inlet side is reduced, then, the cold water return pipe 14 is laid along the ground surface of the mine working roadway 3, the temperature of the roadway at the rear end can be obviously improved on a cold water output path of the heat pump, and therefore the heat damage in the whole roadway can be effectively treated.
In practical implementation, negative pressure extraction is adopted in the hot water heat extraction channel 11, so that high-temperature seepage water in surrounding rocks flows into the hot water heat extraction channel 11, the high-temperature seepage water is extracted and conveyed to a mining layer through a negative pressure extraction pump, the extracted rock stratum hot water is converted into cold water and hot water after being processed by a heat pump, the hot water is conveyed to the ground from an air return well for production and life, the heat energy quality is improved, energy consumption for conveying mine water to the ground is reduced, cold water generated by the heat pump is used for cooling a mine working face and producing water for the mine, and then the cold water is conveyed into the mine reservoir 6.
The mine reservoir is built on the air inlet side of the mine roadway, low-temperature mine gushing water can play a certain role in cooling the air flow in the roadway in the process of being conveyed to the reservoir, and high-temperature rock stratum hot water extracted through the hot water heat extraction channel is conveyed to the ground from the air return side of the mine roadway, so that on one hand, the heat damage caused by the release of heat energy into the roadway of the extracted high-temperature rock stratum is prevented, and on the other hand, the air flow temperature of the air return side is higher, and the heat loss of the extracted rock stratum hot water is reduced.
In actual use, a temperature detector 18 is arranged on the top wall of the mine working roadway 3, detects the temperature of the air flow and feeds back the mine thermal hazard treatment effect; by monitoring the air flow temperature in the mine working roadway, when the temperature data collected by the temperature detector is continuously reduced, the temperature of the extracted hot water is relatively low, and at the moment, the work of injecting cold water into the rock stratum and extracting the hot water in the rock stratum is stopped; when the temperature is accumulated for a certain amount, the work of injecting cold water into the rock stratum and extracting hot water in the rock stratum is restarted, so that the working efficiency is high, and the energy-saving effect is good.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, this embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that, in the first step, a plurality of cold water injection channels 5 tunneled along the horizontal layer and a plurality of hot water heating channels 11 tunneled along the horizontal layer constitute a first geothermal exploitation layer;
when deep geothermal exploitation to a stratum is needed, a plurality of deep geothermal exploitation layers are sequentially arranged on the lower side of a first geothermal exploitation layer from top to bottom, each deep geothermal exploitation layer comprises a plurality of deep cold water injection channels 20 tunneled along a horizontal layer and a plurality of deep hot water exploitation channels 23 tunneled along the horizontal layer, the deep cold water injection channels 20 tunneled along the horizontal layer are radially distributed and are communicated with an injection well 4, the deep hot water exploitation channels 23 tunneled along the horizontal layer are radially distributed and are communicated with a production well 10, the first deep cold water injection channel 20 is lower than the hot water exploitation channel 11, the first deep hot water exploitation channel 23 is lower than the first cold water injection channel 20, the ith deep cold water injection channel 20 is lower than the (i-1) deep hot water exploitation channel 23, the ith deep hot water exploitation channel 23 is lower than the ith deep cold water injection channel 20, wherein i is a positive integer not less than 2;
the deep cold water injection channel 20 is communicated with the water injection pipe 8 through a deep water injection pipe 21, and the deep hot water heat collection channel 23 is communicated with the heat collection pipe 13 through a deep heat collection pipe 24;
the water outlet end of the deep water injection pipe 21 is provided with a deep high-pressure water outlet head 22;
and electromagnetic switch valves are respectively arranged at the water outlet end of the heat collecting pipe 13 and the water outlet end of the deep heat collecting pipe 24.
In this embodiment, the method further includes the sixth step of heating the deep geothermal exploitation layer: when the heat recovery performance of the first geothermal exploitation layer is insufficient, the heat recovery of the first geothermal exploitation layer is closed, the heat recovery of the first geothermal exploitation layer is started, low-temperature mine cold water is injected into the first deep cold water injection channel 20, the first deep hot water exploitation channel 23 adopts negative pressure to extract and extract high-temperature rock water in the rock stratum, the extracted rock hot water is converted into cold water and hot water after being processed by a heat pump, the hot water is conveyed to the ground water station 19 from the return air shaft 2 for production and life, the heat energy quality is improved, meanwhile, the energy consumption required for conveying the mine water to the ground is reduced, the cold water generated by the heat pump is used for cooling the working face of the mine and the water for production of the mine, then, the residual cold water is conveyed to the mine 6 through the cold water return pipe 14, the temperature of the back end roadway is reduced, and the internal heat damage treatment reservoir of the whole roadway is realized;
when the heat recovery performance of the first deep geothermal exploitation layer is insufficient, the heat recovery of the first deep geothermal exploitation layer is closed, the heat recovery of the second deep geothermal exploitation layer is started, low-temperature mine cold water is injected into the channel of the second deep cold water injection channel 20, the second deep hot water heat recovery channel 23 extracts high-temperature rock stratum water in the rock stratum by adopting negative pressure extraction, and other processes are the same as the heat recovery process of the first deep geothermal exploitation layer;
by this reciprocating, constantly tunnel to the rock stratum deep, adopt higher quality geothermal energy.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A mine thermal damage treatment collaborative geothermal mining method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, constructing a mine heat damage treatment collaborative geothermal mining structure, and the process is as follows:
101, an injection well (4) which is arranged on one side of a mine working roadway (3) close to an air inlet well (1) and is vertically tunneled downwards, and a production well (10) which is arranged on one side of the mine working roadway (3) close to an air return well (2) and is vertically tunneled downwards;
102, excavating a plurality of cold water injection channels (5) tunneled along a horizontal stratum at one side of an injection well (4) close to a production well (10), constructing a mine reservoir (6) at the top of one side of the injection well (4) close to the production well (10), enabling underground cold water to enter the mine reservoir (6) through a water inlet pipe (7), and communicating the mine reservoir (6) with the cold water injection channels (5) through a water injection pipe (8);
a plurality of hot water heat extraction channels (11) which are tunneled along a horizontal stratum are excavated on one side of the production well (10) close to the injection well (4), a heat pump (12) is arranged at the top of one side of the production well (10) close to the injection well (4), and the heat pump (12) is communicated with the hot water heat extraction channels (11) through a heat extraction pipe (13);
wherein, the hot water heat collecting channel (11) is positioned at the lower side of the cold water injection channel (5);
103, communicating a cold water output end of the heat pump (12) with a mine reservoir (6) by using a cold water return pipe (14), laying the cold water return pipe (14) along the ground surface of a mine working roadway (3), and installing a temperature detector (18) for detecting the temperature of wind flow on the top wall of the mine working roadway (3);
104, communicating a hot water output end of the heat pump (12) with a ground water station (19) by using a hot water conveying pipe (16), wherein the hot water conveying pipe (16) is installed along the interior of the return air shaft (2);
step two, injecting cold water into the rock stratum through a cold water injection channel: the mine reservoir (6) injects high-pressure cold water into the cold water injection channel (5) through the water injection pipe (8), the cold water continuously flows into a rock stratum, the temperature of the rock stratum on the periphery of the cold water injection channel (5) is reduced, so that the cold water injection channel (5) prevents the heat conduction of geothermal energy at the bottom of the rock stratum to a mining layer, meanwhile, the cold water is continuously injected into the rock stratum, the temperature reduction area of the rock stratum on the periphery of the cold water injection channel (5) is expanded, the temperature of surrounding rock of the upper mine working roadway (3) is reduced, the temperature of airflow in the mine working roadway (3) is reduced, and the temperature of the airflow in the roadway on the side of the air inlet well (1) of the mine working roadway (3) is reduced;
step three, extracting hot water in the rock stratum by a hot water heat extraction channel: negative pressure extraction is adopted in the hot water heat extraction channel (11), so that high-temperature seepage water in surrounding rocks flows into the hot water heat extraction channel (11), and when the hot water heat extraction channel (11) extracts stratum seepage water, upper-layer low-temperature water flows to the hot water heat extraction channel (11) to accelerate the cooling of an upper rock stratum and reduce the temperature of surrounding rocks of a roadway;
step four, heat pump treatment: the extracted rock stratum hot water is processed by a heat pump and then converted into cold water and hot water, the hot water is conveyed to a ground water station (19) through an air return well (2) for production and life, the heat energy quality is improved, meanwhile, the energy consumption required for conveying mine water to the ground is reduced, cold water generated by the heat pump is used for cooling the working face of a mine and producing water for the mine, then, the residual cold water is conveyed into a mine reservoir (6) through a cold water return pipe (14), the cold water return pipe (14) is laid along the ground surface of a mine working roadway (3), and the cold water of the heat pump is output on a path of the cold water return pipe (14) to cool the temperature of the roadway at the rear end, so that the heat damage treatment in the whole roadway is realized;
step five, monitoring the air flow temperature in the mine working roadway: monitoring the temperature of the air flow in the mine working roadway (3) by using a temperature detector (18), and stopping the work of injecting cold water into the rock stratum and extracting hot water in the rock stratum when the temperature data acquired by the temperature detector (18) is smaller than a temperature threshold value; otherwise, executing step two.
2. The method for mining the heat damage of the mine in a synergetic manner according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the plurality of cold water injection channels (5) tunneled along the horizontal stratum are radially distributed and are communicated with the injection wells (4), the number of the water injection pipes (8) is equal to that of the cold water injection channels (5) and corresponds to that of the cold water injection channels one by one, the plurality of hot water heat recovery channels (11) tunneled along the horizontal stratum are radially distributed and are communicated with the production wells (10), and the number of the heat recovery pipes (13) is equal to that of the hot water heat recovery channels (11) and corresponds to that of the hot water heat recovery channels one by one.
3. The method for mining the heat damage of the mine in a synergetic manner according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and a high-pressure water outlet head (9) is arranged at the water outlet end of the water injection pipe (8).
4. The method for mining the heat damage of the mine in a synergetic manner according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a first water pump (15) is installed on the cold water return pipe (14), and a second water pump (17) is installed on the hot water conveying pipe (16).
5. The method for mining the heat damage of the mine in a synergetic manner according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the cold water injection channel (5) is located at 10-20 m below the mine working roadway (3), and the hot water heating channel (11) is located at 40-60 m below the cold water injection channel (5).
6. The method for mining the heat damage of the mine in a synergetic manner according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, a negative pressure extraction pump is installed at one end, close to the hot water heat extraction channel (11), of the heat extraction pipe (13), and hot water in the rock stratum is extracted into the hot water heat extraction channel (11).
7. The method for mining the heat damage of the mine in a synergetic manner according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, a plurality of cold water injection channels (5) tunneled along the horizontal stratum and a plurality of hot water heat production channels (11) tunneled along the horizontal stratum form a first geothermal exploitation layer;
when deep geothermal exploitation to a stratum is needed, a plurality of deep geothermal exploitation layers are sequentially arranged on the lower side of a first geothermal exploitation layer from top to bottom, each deep geothermal exploitation layer comprises a plurality of deep cold water injection channels (20) tunneled along a horizontal layer and a plurality of deep hot water exploitation channels (23) tunneled along the horizontal layer, the deep cold water injection channels (20) tunneled along the horizontal layer are distributed in a radioactive mode and are communicated with an injection well (4), the deep hot water exploitation channels (23) tunneled along the horizontal layer are distributed in a radioactive mode and are communicated with a production well (10), the first deep cold water injection channel (20) is lower than the hot water exploitation channel (11), the first deep hot water exploitation channel (23) is lower than the first cold water injection channel (20), the ith deep cold water injection channel (20) is lower than the ith-1 deep hot water exploitation channel (23), the ith deep hot water heating channel (23) is lower than the ith deep cold water injection channel (20), wherein i is a positive integer not less than 2;
the deep cold water injection channel (20) is communicated with the water injection pipe (8) through a deep water injection pipe (21), and the deep hot water heat collection channel (23) is communicated with the heat collection pipe (13) through a deep heat collection pipe (24);
the water outlet end of the deep water injection pipe (21) is provided with a deep high-pressure water outlet head (22);
and the water outlet end of the heat collecting pipe (13) and the water outlet end of the deep heat collecting pipe (24) are both provided with electromagnetic switch valves.
8. The method for mining heat in coordination with mine thermal hazard management according to claim 7, wherein: the method also comprises the sixth step of heating the deep geothermal exploitation layer: when the heat recovery performance of the first geothermal exploitation layer is insufficient, the heat recovery of the first geothermal exploitation layer is closed, the heat recovery of the first geothermal exploitation layer is started, low-temperature mine cold water is injected into the first deep cold water injection channel (20), the first deep hot water heat recovery channel (23) adopts negative pressure to extract and extract high-temperature rock water in the rock stratum, the extracted rock hot water is converted into cold water and hot water after being processed by a heat pump, the hot water is conveyed to a ground water station (19) through a return air shaft (2) for production and life, the heat energy quality is improved, and meanwhile, the energy consumption required for conveying the mine water to the ground is reduced, the cold water generated by the heat pump is used for cooling the working face of the mine and producing water for the mine, and then the residual cold water is conveyed into a mine reservoir (6) through a cold water return pipe (14), and the temperature of the roadway at the rear end is cooled, so that the heat damage in the whole roadway is treated;
when the heat recovery performance of the first deep geothermal exploitation layer is insufficient, the heat recovery of the first deep geothermal exploitation layer is closed, the heat recovery of the second deep geothermal exploitation layer is started, low-temperature mine cold water is injected into a second deep cold water injection channel (20), a second deep hot water heat recovery channel (23) adopts negative pressure to extract and extract high-temperature rock stratum water in a rock stratum, and other processes are the same as the heat recovery process of the first deep geothermal exploitation layer;
by this reciprocating, constantly tunnel to the rock stratum deep, adopt higher quality geothermal energy.
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