CN112412421B - Method for strengthening pumping promotion by heat injection and hydraulic punching in layer-crossing drilling - Google Patents
Method for strengthening pumping promotion by heat injection and hydraulic punching in layer-crossing drilling Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 151
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- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
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- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
- E21B33/138—Plastering the borehole wall; Injecting into the formation
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- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
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- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
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Abstract
The method for enhancing the pumping promotion by the aid of the heat injection and the hydraulic punching of the cross-layer drill holes comprises the following steps that the cross-layer drill holes are constructed in a bottom plate rock roadway, the final hole points of the drill holes are arranged in a grid-shaped array, and two adjacent drill holes are named as heat injection holes and pumping holes respectively; arranging an extraction pipe for the drill hole, and conveying the special hole packer into a second extraction pipe for hole sealing; high-temperature and high-pressure nitrogen is injected into the heat injection hole through a special hole packer, and the adjacent extraction holes are used for extracting normal gas all the time, so that the escaped gas of the heated coal body is guaranteed to be pumped away in time; and connecting the extraction pipe in the heat injection hole with an extraction system to perform gas extraction work, thereby further enhancing the gas extraction effect. In conclusion, the invention has scientific principle, ingenious design, tight hole sealing, safety and reliability, is combined with hydraulic punching, greatly enhances the heat injection strengthening and extraction promoting effect, can be widely applied to rock cross-cut coal uncovering, fault crossing, permeability increasing and extraction promoting of a mining working surface, strengthening gas extraction and other works, and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine safety production, and particularly relates to a method for strengthening pumping promotion by combining cross-layer drilling heat injection and hydraulic punching.
Background
Most coal seams in China have 'three low and one high' (low permeability, low saturation, low reservoir pressure and high metamorphismDegree) of the characteristic. The low permeability of the coal seam causes difficulty in gas extraction, causes disorder of 'extraction-excavation-extraction' of a mine, forms a major potential safety production hazard, and is a hidden danger of coal mine gas accidents. Therefore, the study of scholars at home and abroad proposes hydraulic cutting, protective layer exploitation, deep hole blasting and CO 2 Coal bed permeability increasing and pumping promoting technical measures such as phase change fracturing and the like. However, for various reasons, the anti-reflection effect of various technical measures commonly used at present needs to be further improved in terms of technology and economy.
The desorption speed of the gas in the coal body is closely related to the temperature of the coal body. The related research results show that the temperature of the coal body is increased by 1 ℃, and the gas desorption capacity of the coal body is improved by about 8 percent. Therefore, the coal body gas desorption can be enhanced by heating the coal body, and the gas extraction effect is improved. However, the existing coal body heating technology mostly adopts non-contact heating modes such as infrared and microwave, and although the methods can quickly heat the coal body, the methods have the defects of high attenuation speed, high energy consumption, easy damage, incapability of recycling equipment and the like, and are difficult to popularize and apply in a large range; some researchers also propose that the coal body is heated by injecting superheated water or water vapor into the coal bed, although the coal body can be effectively heated, water lock effect can be formed in pores of the coal body after the water vapor and hot water enter the coal body, desorption of gas in the coal body is inhibited, and gas extraction effect is reduced on the contrary. In addition, when a high-temperature medium is injected into the coal body, the high-temperature medium is oxidized, which may cause ignition of the coal body in the drill hole, thereby raising a new safety problem. Therefore, when a heat injection strengthening and extraction promoting technical measure is adopted, a new heat injection method, a heat injection medium and a heat injection way are needed to be searched for in order to strengthen the heat drive effect, improve the gas extraction effect, effectively relieve the balance problem of 'extraction-excavation-extraction' of a mine and avoid the ignition of a drill hole.
The nitrogen has good chemical stability, is common inert gas, does not burn and support combustion, is very easy to prepare and has low manufacturing cost. If the nitrogen is heated and then injected into the coal body through the drill hole, the temperature of the coal body can be effectively improved, the heat-driving effect on the coal body can be enhanced, and the gas extraction effect is enhanced; the high nitrogen gas partial pressure can form replacement and displacement effects on the coal gas, so that the gas extraction effect is further enhanced; and the inertia characteristic of the nitrogen can prevent the fire of the drill hole and avoid the accidents of fire, gas explosion, coal dust explosion and the like. Therefore, the method for drilling the coal bed by using the high-temperature nitrogen as the medium is economical and feasible for strengthening heat injection and pumping promotion.
The method for heating the injected coal body medium underground is generally carried out by adopting methods such as heating cables, resistance wires and the like. However, in the method, the heating cable, the resistance wire and the like are directly exposed in the air or coal, so that the danger of gas explosion and coal dust explosion in the atmosphere with high gas concentration and high coal dust concentration in a coal mine exists, and malignant accidents are easily caused.
For low-permeability coal seams, particularly outburst coal seams, coal bodies are soft, the air permeability is poor, and extraction is difficult. The cross-layer drilling hydraulic punching technology has the characteristics of high safety, long extraction time, good pressure relief effect and the like in rock roadway construction, and is widely applied. But the popularization and application of the technology are limited to a certain extent due to the problems of huge hydraulic punching engineering quantity, serious spraying holes, frequent over-limit gas and the like; meanwhile, the coal body pressure relief effect in the area far away from the hydraulic punching area is poor, the extraction effect is not ideal, extraction blank zones exist, and the extraction blank zones can be eliminated only by continuously implementing hydraulic punching measures, so that the punching and drilling engineering quantity is further increased, and the risk of the problems of over-limit of spraying holes, gas and the like is increased. Therefore, a new technical measure is urgently needed to be found, and the problems are effectively solved on the premise of ensuring the coal seam gas extraction effect and not increasing the engineering quantity.
By combining the technologies, high-temperature nitrogen is injected into the coal body through the through-layer drilling, the coal body can be heated, gas desorption is enhanced, meanwhile, the coal body can be pyrolyzed at high temperature, the air permeability of the coal body is increased, and gas extraction work is facilitated; moreover, because the injected high-temperature nitrogen can form a high-pressure area around the drill hole, the high-pressure area has high gas partial pressure, coal gas can be replaced and displaced to a far hydraulic punching drill hole influence area (low-pressure area), and the gas extraction effect can be enhanced under the action of strong pressure difference, so that the hydraulic punching engineering quantity can be greatly reduced, and the problems of over-limit of spray holes, gas and the like are solved. The measures of the cross-layer drilling heat injection and hydraulic punching technology can effectively improve the gas extraction effect of the coal seam, is beneficial to solving the problem of 'pumping-digging-mining' imbalance of the mine, and is a more advanced measure for increasing the permeability of the coal seam and promoting the pumping.
In the processes of heat injection strengthening pumping promotion and gas extraction, hole sealing work is very important basic work; the quality of hole sealing directly influences the coal cracking degree and the gas extraction effect, and directly influences the economic benefit of the technology. The quality of hole sealing is mainly controlled by the performance of the hole sealing device and a hole sealing process method; however, the existing hole sealing device and hole sealing method are designed under normal temperature conditions, and the problems of hole sealing material fracture, hole drilling air leakage, poor gas extraction effect and the like are easily caused under the action of strengthening heat injection and extraction promotion of a high-temperature medium, and the requirements of high-temperature medium injection and gas extraction work at normal temperature are hardly considered. If the extraction drill hole and the high-temperature medium injection drill hole under the normal temperature condition are respectively constructed and sealed, the drilling engineering quantity can be increased, the extraction engineering cost and the sealing cost are increased, and the requirements of the field work of the coal mine can not be met no matter from the technical aspect or the economic aspect. Therefore, a method for enhancing the pumping by combining the injection of heat and the hydraulic punching of the cross-layer drilling hole is urgently needed, and the requirements of high-temperature medium injection, normal-temperature gas extraction, reutilization, safety and reliability can be met simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, provides a method for enhancing the extraction promotion of cross-layer drilling heat injection and hydraulic punching, solves the problems that the heating efficiency of a heat injection medium is low and unsafe, a conventional hole sealing device cannot be applied to a high-temperature condition, the hole sealing effect is poor, the extraction effect is poor due to the fact that the hole sealing device is only punched by hydraulic punching, and the like, and achieves the purposes of enhancing the hole sealing effect under the high-temperature and normal-temperature conditions, improving the coal body heat injection enhancement extraction promotion degree and improving the coal bed gas extraction effect.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the method for strengthening pumping promotion by combining heat injection of cross-layer drilling and hydraulic punching comprises the following steps,
(1) Operating a mechanical drilling machine to construct cross-layer drill holes to the coal body in a bottom plate rock roadway, wherein all drilling hole end points are arranged in a grid-shaped array, the distance between every two adjacent drilling hole end points is 6-9m, and any two adjacent drilling holes are named as a heat injection hole and an extraction hole respectively;
(2) Performing hydraulic punching on the extraction hole, sealing the hole by adopting a conventional 'two-plugging one-injection' process after the hydraulic punching construction is finished, wherein the length of the sealed hole of the hole is not less than 5m; after the hole sealing material is solidified, connecting a first extraction pipe in an extraction hole with an underground extraction system of a coal mine to extract gas;
(3) Conveying the special hole packer into a second extraction pipe in the heat injection hole to a preset depth, and sealing the second extraction pipe;
(4) Injecting high-temperature and high-pressure nitrogen into the hot hole through a special hole packer;
(5) High-temperature and high-pressure nitrogen is used for carrying out high-pressure heat injection on the coal body, and the pressure of the nitrogen is not less than 2MPa; the nitrogen is transported to the far position of the heat injection hole under the action of high pressure, the coal body is continuously heated in the transportation process, the gas desorption of the coal body is promoted, the coal body is pyrolyzed, the pores of the coal body are increased, the gas permeability of the coal body is improved, and the gas extraction is strengthened; meanwhile, the adjacent extraction holes are used for normally extracting gas all the time, so that the escaped gas of the heated coal body is ensured to be timely extracted, and the gas is prevented from hurting people;
(6) After injecting high-temperature and high-pressure nitrogen into the heat injection hole to heat the coal body for 4 hours, stopping the heat injection strengthening pumping promotion work of the coal body, taking out the special hole packer from the second pumping pipe, and continuously reusing the special hole packer next time;
(7) And connecting the second extraction pipe in the heat injection hole with an extraction system to perform gas extraction work, and further strengthening the gas extraction effect.
The special hole packer comprises a nitrogen bottle, a heat injection pump, a grouting pump, a nitrogen heating device, a first bag, a second bag, a gas injection pipe and a hole sealing pipe, wherein the nitrogen bottle is arranged on a support in an inverted mode, the gas injection pipe and the hole sealing pipe are parallel to a second extraction pipe, the first bag and the second bag are fixedly arranged on the gas injection pipe along the same central line, the second bag is positioned on the inner side of the first bag, the outlet end of the hole sealing pipe penetrates through the first bag to extend into the second bag, a through hole communicated with the interior of the first bag is formed in the hole sealing pipe, a closed cavity is formed between the first bag and the second bag in the second extraction pipe, a one-way valve is arranged on the second bag, the inlet of the one-way valve is communicated with the closed cavity, the outlet of the one-way valve is positioned on the inner side of the second bag, and an explosion valve is arranged between the first bag and the second bag on the hole sealing pipe; the joints of the gas injection pipe, the hole sealing pipe and the one-way valve and the second bag are all connected in a sealing way, and the joints of the gas injection pipe, the hole sealing pipe and the first bag are all connected in a sealing way;
the grouting pump is connected with the outer end of the hole sealing pipe through a grouting hose, the nitrogen bottle is connected with the outer end of the gas injection pipe through a gas injection hose, and the heat injection pump and the nitrogen heating device are both arranged on the gas injection hose.
The outer end part of the gas injection pipe is provided with a gas injection valve, the outer end part of the hole sealing pipe is provided with a hole sealing valve, and the bottle mouth of the nitrogen cylinder is provided with a switch valve.
The nitrogen heating device comprises a heating box with a cuboid structure, an air inlet and an air outlet which are connected with a gas injection hose are respectively arranged on two opposite side surfaces of the heating box, a three-dimensional net cage structure is arranged in the heating box, the left side box wall and the right side box wall of the heating box are respectively provided with a fixing ring for fixing the three-dimensional cage structure, the three-dimensional net cage structure is formed by fixedly connecting a plurality of heat pipes which are arranged in a criss-cross mode, electric heating wires and insulating heat conduction oil are arranged in the heat pipes, an upper wiring column and a lower wiring column are respectively arranged above and below the three-dimensional net cage structure in the heating box, the upper end and the lower end of each electric heating wire are respectively connected with the upper wiring column and the lower wiring column, and the upper wiring column and the lower wiring column are respectively connected with power supply wires which penetrate through the box walls of the heating box.
The wall of the heating box is of a three-layer structure, the outermost layer and the innermost layer are respectively formed by welding steel plates, and the middle interlayer is filled with glass fiber heat-insulating materials (the glass fiber heat-insulating material has good heat-insulating performance, ensures that heat is not emitted outwards, and improves heat exchange efficiency).
Fixing the first bag and the second bag on an air injection pipe, wherein the distance between the first bag and the second bag is not less than 4m; connecting the hole sealing pipe with a grouting hose and a grouting pump, opening a hole sealing valve, pumping clear water by the grouting pump to inject water into the first bag and the second bag through the grouting hose and the hole sealing pipe, wherein the water injection pressure is not less than 2MPa, so that the outer edges of the first bag and the second bag are fully contacted with the inner wall of the second extraction pipe, and the purpose of sealing the second extraction pipe is achieved; continuously increasing the water injection pressure of the grouting pump, opening a blast valve between a first bag and a second bag on the hole sealing pipe, and allowing clean water to flow into a closed cavity formed between the first bag and the second bag in the second extraction pipe; the opening pressure of the one-way valve on the second bag is 2MPa, when the pressure in the closed cavity is greater than 2MPa, the one-way valve on the second bag is opened towards the inner side of the heat injection hole, air in the closed cavity is discharged, clean water continuously flows into the closed cavity until the closed cavity is filled with water, and then the grouting pump and the hole sealing valve are closed.
The specific process of the step (4) is that an air injection valve on an air injection pipe and a switch valve on a nitrogen cylinder are opened; firstly, electrifying an electric heating wire to heat, heating the insulation heat conduction oil in the heat conduction pipe by the electric heating wire, radiating heat energy outwards through the heat conduction pipe after the insulation heat conduction oil is heated, starting an injection heat pump after 3-5 minutes, firstly enabling nitrogen in a nitrogen bottle to enter a heating box, heating the nitrogen by heat dissipated by the heat conduction pipe in the process that the nitrogen passes through the heating box, heating the temperature of the nitrogen to 80 ℃, then enabling the nitrogen to enter an air injection pipe through an air injection hose, and then enabling the nitrogen to enter a heat injection hole through the air injection pipe; under the heating action of high-temperature and high-pressure nitrogen, the water bodies in the first bag, the second bag and between the two bags are heated and expanded, and the inner wall of the second extraction pipe is tightly sealed under the action of self expansion force.
And (4) the specific process of taking out the special hole packer in the step (6) is that the heat injection pump, the switch valve and the air injection valve are closed in sequence, the hole sealing valve is opened after 1h, the water body among the first bag, the second bag and the two bags automatically flows out, and the special hole packer is taken out.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical effects:
1) The coal body is heated by high-temperature and high-pressure nitrogen, so that the effects of strengthening gas desorption, replacing and displacing the gas in the coal body are achieved, the gas extraction effect can be greatly improved, the effects of increasing permeability, promoting extraction, strengthening gas extraction and effectively solving the problem of disorder of extraction, excavation and extraction of a mine are achieved;
2) By utilizing the thermal expansion property of water, the water naturally expands under the heating action of high-temperature nitrogen to generate huge thermal stress, so that tight sealing of a drilled hole can be realized, the sealing effect is improved, and the coal body and underground water are not polluted; water is used as a hole sealing material, so that the manufacturing cost is low, and the economy is good;
3) High-temperature nitrogen is used as a heating medium, so that the coal body can be effectively heated, and the coal body in the drill hole can be prevented from being ignited; the method has the advantages that the 'water lock effect' is effectively solved while the safety is ensured, the gas extraction effect is ensured, and the defects of high attenuation speed, high energy consumption, high possibility of damage, incapability of recycling and the like of heating measures such as infrared and microwave can be overcome;
4) An electric heating wire (resistance wire) is adopted in the heating box for heating, and the electric heating wire is arranged in a sealing structure (heat conduction pipe) filled with insulating heat conduction oil, so that the nitrogen heating effect is ensured, and meanwhile, accidents such as gas explosion, coal dust explosion and the like caused by electric sparks are avoided;
5) The heat injection pump is arranged on the front side of the heating box, so that the heat injection pump is ensured to be in a low-temperature state, the service life of the heat injection pump is effectively prolonged, and a stable high-pressure air source can be provided;
6) Hydraulic punching is carried out on the extraction hole, the hydraulic punching enables the coal body in the area around the extraction hole to creep and relieve pressure, a low-pressure area is formed around the extraction hole under the extraction negative pressure action of an extraction system on the extraction hole, high-temperature nitrogen is injected into the heat injection hole, and a strong nitrogen gas partial pressure difference is formed between the heat injection hole and the extraction hole in a high-pressure area formed around the heat injection hole, so that the replacement and displacement effect of the coal body gas is enhanced, the gas extraction effect is improved, the hydraulic punching engineering quantity is greatly reduced, the 'extraction-excavation-extraction' balance of a mine is realized, and the safety of the mine is ensured;
7) The extraction pipe is a PVE pipe, the gas injection pipe is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, and the pipe has the characteristics of low temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, static resistance, flame retardance, hydrophobicity, non-adhesiveness and the like, can be applied to the hole packer, and ensures the air tightness.
8) The special hole packer adopts the design of matching the double-bag with the one-way valve and the explosion valve, and can smoothly discharge water in the bag and between the two bags; the water body hole sealing section is arranged in an extraction pipe, and the inner wall of the extraction pipe is smooth and has small deformation; the measures ensure that the hole packer can be repeatedly used, and the material cost is reduced;
9. after the heat injection hole is finished in the heat injection process, the heat injection hole can be continuously used as a gas extraction hole, and the purpose of one hole for two purposes is achieved.
In conclusion, the invention has scientific principle, ingenious design, tight hole sealing, safety and reliability, is combined with hydraulic punching, greatly enhances the heat injection strengthening and extraction promoting effect, can be widely applied to rock cross-cut coal uncovering, fault crossing, permeability increasing and extraction promoting of a mining working surface, strengthening gas extraction and other works, and has wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a special hole packer in operation;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic structural view of the special hole packer of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the nitrogen gas heating apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the drilling arrangement of the present invention;
figure 5 is a cross-sectional schematic view of the drilling arrangement of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the method for enhancing pumping by injecting heat into a cross-layer drilling hole in cooperation with hydraulic punching comprises the following steps:
(1) Operating and controlling a mechanical drilling machine to construct cross-layer drill holes to the coal body 2 in the bottom plate rock roadway 1 (the mechanical drilling machine firstly drills a rock layer 32 and then drills the coal body 2), arranging all drill hole final points in a grid-shaped array, setting the distance between every two adjacent drill hole final points to be 6-9m, and respectively naming any two adjacent drill holes as a heat injection hole 3 and an extraction hole 4;
(2) Performing hydraulic punching on the extraction hole 4, and performing conventional hole sealing of a two-plugging one-injecting process on a drill hole after the hydraulic punching construction is finished, wherein the length of a sealed hole section of the drill hole is not less than 5m; after the hole sealing material is solidified, connecting a first extraction pipe 5 in an extraction hole 4 with an extraction system (an extraction pipeline) under a coal mine to extract gas;
(3) The special hole packer 30 is conveyed into the second extraction pipe 6 in the heat injection hole 3 to a preset depth, and hole sealing is carried out on the second extraction pipe 6;
(4) Injecting high-temperature and high-pressure nitrogen into the heat injection hole 3 through the special hole packer 30;
(5) High-temperature and high-pressure nitrogen is used for injecting heat to the coal body 2 at high pressure, and the pressure of the nitrogen is not less than 2MPa; the nitrogen gas is transported to the far position of the heat injection hole 3 under the action of high pressure, the gas desorption of the coal body 2 is continuously promoted in the transportation process, the coal body 2 is pyrolyzed, the pores of the coal body 2 are increased, the air permeability of the coal body 2 is increased, and the gas extraction is strengthened; meanwhile, the adjacent extraction holes 4 are used for normally extracting gas all the time, so that the escaped gas of the heated coal body 2 is guaranteed to be pumped away in time, and the gas is prevented from hurting people;
(6) After injecting high-temperature and high-pressure nitrogen into the heat injection hole 3 to heat the coal body 2 for 4 hours, stopping the heat injection strengthening pumping promotion work of the coal body 2, taking out the special hole packer 30 from the second pumping pipe 6, and continuously reusing the special hole packer 30 next time;
(7) And connecting the second extraction pipe 6 in the heat injection hole 3 with an extraction system to perform gas extraction work, and further strengthening the gas extraction effect.
The special hole packer 30 comprises a nitrogen bottle 7, an injection pump 8, an injection pump 9, a nitrogen heating device 10, a first bag 11, a second bag 12, an air injection pipe 13 and a hole sealing pipe 14, the nitrogen bottle 7 is arranged on a support 15 in an inverted manner, the air injection pipe 13 and the hole sealing pipe 14 are parallel to a second extraction pipe 6, the first bag 11 and the second bag 12 are fixedly arranged on the air injection pipe 13 along the same central line, the second bag 12 is positioned on the inner side of the first bag 11, the outlet end of the hole sealing pipe 14 penetrates through the first bag 11 and extends into the second bag 12, a through hole communicated with the interior of the first bag 11 is formed in the hole sealing pipe 14, a closed cavity 16 is formed between the first bag 11 and the second bag 12 in the second extraction pipe 6, a one-way valve 17 is arranged on the second bag 12, the inlet of the one-way valve 17 is communicated with the closed cavity 16, the outlet of the one-way valve 17 is positioned on the inner side of the second bag 12, and a blasting valve 18 is arranged on the hole sealing pipe 14 between the first bag 11 and the second bag 12; the joints of the gas injection pipe 13, the hole sealing pipe 14 and the check valve 17 and the second bag 12 are all connected in a sealing way, and the joints of the gas injection pipe 13, the hole sealing pipe 14 and the first bag 11 are all connected in a sealing way;
the grouting pump 9 is connected with the outer end of the hole sealing pipe 14 through a grouting hose 19, the nitrogen cylinder 7 is connected with the outer end of the gas injection pipe 13 through a gas injection hose 20, and the heat injection pump 8 and the nitrogen heating device 10 are both arranged on the gas injection hose 20.
The outer end of the gas injection pipe 13 is provided with a gas injection valve 21, the outer end of the hole sealing pipe 14 is provided with a hole sealing valve 22, and the bottle mouth of the nitrogen gas bottle 7 is provided with a switch valve 23.
The nitrogen heating device 10 comprises a heating box 29 in a cuboid structure, an air inlet and an air outlet which are connected with a gas injection hose 20 are respectively arranged on two front and back opposite side surfaces of the heating box 29, a three-dimensional cylinder mould structure is arranged in the heating box 29, fixing rings 50 which are used for fixing the three-dimensional cylinder mould structure are respectively arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall of the heating box 29, the three-dimensional cylinder mould structure is formed by fixedly connecting a plurality of heat conduction pipes 24 which are arranged in a criss-cross mode, electric heating wires 25 and insulating heat conduction oil 26 are arranged in the heat conduction pipes 24, upper wiring posts 27 and lower wiring posts 28 are respectively arranged above and below the three-dimensional cylinder mould structure in the heating box 29, the upper ends and the lower ends of all the electric heating wires 25 are respectively connected with wires 31, the wires 31 on the upper portion and the lower portion are respectively connected with the upper wiring posts 27 and the lower wiring posts 28, and the upper wiring posts 27 and the lower wiring posts 28 are respectively connected with power supply wires which penetrate through the wall of the heating box 29.
The wall of the heating box 29 is a three-layer structure, the outermost layer and the innermost layer are respectively formed by welding steel plates, and the middle interlayer is filled with glass fiber heat-insulating materials 30.
The specific process of the step (3) is that the first bag 11 and the second bag 12 are fixed on the air injection pipe 13, and the distance between the first bag 11 and the second bag 12 is not less than 4m; connecting the hole sealing pipe 14 with a grouting hose 19 and a grouting pump 9, opening a hole sealing valve 22, pumping clear water by the grouting pump 9 through the grouting hose 19 and the hole sealing pipe 14 to inject water into the first bag 11 and the second bag 12, wherein the water injection pressure is not less than 2MPa, so that the outer edges of the first bag 11 and the second bag 12 are fully contacted with the inner wall of the second extraction pipe 6, and the purpose of sealing the second extraction pipe 6 is achieved; continuously increasing the water injection pressure of the grouting pump 9 to open a blast valve 18 between the first bag 11 and the second bag 12 on the hole sealing pipe 14, and allowing clean water to flow into a closed cavity 16 formed between the first bag 11 and the second bag 12 in the second extraction pipe 6; the opening pressure of the check valve 17 on the second bag 12 is 2MPa, when the pressure in the closed cavity 16 is greater than 2MPa, the check valve 17 on the second bag 12 opens towards the inner side of the heat injection hole 3, the air in the closed cavity 16 is discharged, and the clean water continues to flow into the closed cavity 16 until the closed cavity 16 is filled with the water body (according to the volumes of the first bag 11, the second bag 12 and the closed cavity 16 and in combination with the water injection speed of the grouting pump 9, the time required for filling the water can be calculated, and in order to ensure that the closed cavity 16 is filled with the water body, the calculated time can be prolonged by 1-2 minutes, and then the grouting pump 9 and the hole sealing valve 22 are closed.
The specific process of the step (4) is that the gas injection valve 21 on the gas injection pipe 13 and the switch valve 23 on the nitrogen cylinder 7 are opened; firstly, electrifying an electric heating wire 25 to heat, heating the insulation heat conduction oil 26 in a heat conduction pipe 24 by the electric heating wire 25, radiating heat energy outwards through the heat conduction pipe 24 after the temperature of the insulation heat conduction oil 26 is raised, starting an injection heat pump 8 after 3-5 minutes, firstly enabling nitrogen in a nitrogen bottle 7 to enter a heating box 29, heating the nitrogen by heat emitted by the heat conduction pipe 24 in the process that the nitrogen passes through the heating box 29, heating the temperature of the nitrogen to 80 ℃, then enabling the nitrogen to enter a gas injection pipe 13 through a gas injection hose 20, and then enabling the nitrogen to enter a heat injection hole 3 through a gas injection pipe 13; under the heating action of high-temperature and high-pressure nitrogen, the water bodies in the first bag 11 and the second bag 12 and between the two bags expand under heat, and the inner wall of the second extraction pipe 6 is tightly sealed under the action of self expansion force.
The specific process of taking out the special hole packer 30 in the step (6) is that the hole sealing valve 22 is opened after the heat injection pump 8, the switch valve 23 and the gas injection valve 21 are closed in sequence and the gas injection valve 1 is 1h, the water body among the first bag 11, the second bag 12 and the two bags automatically flows out, and the special hole packer 30 is taken out.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The method for strengthening pumping promotion by combining heat injection of cross-layer drilling and hydraulic punching is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprises the following steps of (a) preparing a solution,
(1) Operating a mechanical drilling machine to construct cross-layer drill holes to the coal body in a bottom plate rock roadway, wherein all drilling hole end points are arranged in a grid-shaped array, the distance between every two adjacent drilling hole end points is 6-9m, and any two adjacent drilling holes are named as a heat injection hole and an extraction hole respectively;
(2) Performing hydraulic punching on the extraction hole, and sealing the hole by adopting a conventional two-plugging and one-injecting process after the hydraulic punching construction is finished, wherein the length of the sealed hole section of the hole is not less than 5m; after the hole sealing material is solidified, connecting a first extraction pipe in an extraction hole with an underground extraction system of a coal mine to extract gas;
(3) Conveying the special hole packer into a second extraction pipe in the heat injection hole to a preset depth, and sealing the second extraction pipe;
(4) Injecting high-temperature and high-pressure nitrogen into the hot hole through a special hole packer;
(5) High-temperature and high-pressure nitrogen is used for carrying out high-pressure heat injection on the coal body, and the pressure of the nitrogen is not less than 2MPa; the nitrogen is transported to the far position of the heat injection hole under the action of high pressure, the coal body is continuously heated in the transportation process, the gas desorption of the coal body is promoted, the coal body is pyrolyzed, the pores of the coal body are increased, the gas permeability of the coal body is improved, and the gas extraction is strengthened; meanwhile, the adjacent extraction holes are used for normally extracting gas all the time, so that the escaped gas of the heated coal body is ensured to be timely extracted, and the gas is prevented from hurting people;
(6) After injecting high-temperature and high-pressure nitrogen into the heat injection hole to heat the coal body for 4 hours, stopping the heat injection strengthening pumping promotion work of the coal body, taking out the special hole packer from the second pumping pipe, and continuously reusing the special hole packer next time;
(7) Connecting the second extraction pipe in the heat injection hole with an extraction system to perform gas extraction work so as to further enhance the gas extraction effect;
the special hole packer comprises a nitrogen bottle, a heat injection pump, a grouting pump, a nitrogen heating device, a first bag, a second bag, a gas injection pipe and a hole sealing pipe, wherein the nitrogen bottle is arranged on a support in an inverted mode, the gas injection pipe and the hole sealing pipe are parallel to a second extraction pipe, the first bag and the second bag are fixedly arranged on the gas injection pipe along the same central line, the second bag is positioned on the inner side of the first bag, the outlet end of the hole sealing pipe penetrates through the first bag to extend into the second bag, a through hole communicated with the interior of the first bag is formed in the hole sealing pipe, a closed cavity is formed between the first bag and the second bag in the second extraction pipe, a one-way valve is arranged on the second bag, the inlet of the one-way valve is communicated with the closed cavity, the outlet of the one-way valve is positioned on the inner side of the second bag, and an explosion valve is arranged between the first bag and the second bag on the hole sealing pipe; the joints of the gas injection pipe, the hole sealing pipe and the check valve and the second bag are all connected in a sealing way, and the joints of the gas injection pipe and the hole sealing pipe and the first bag are all connected in a sealing way;
the grouting pump is connected with the outer end of the hole sealing pipe through a grouting hose, the nitrogen bottle is connected with the outer end of the gas injection pipe through a gas injection hose, and the heat injection pump and the nitrogen heating device are both arranged on the gas injection hose;
the nitrogen heating device comprises a heating box with a cuboid structure, an air inlet and an air outlet which are connected with a gas injection hose are respectively arranged on two opposite side surfaces of the heating box, a three-dimensional net cage structure is arranged in the heating box, the left side box wall and the right side box wall of the heating box are respectively provided with a fixing ring for fixing the three-dimensional cage structure, the three-dimensional net cage structure is formed by fixedly connecting a plurality of heat pipes which are arranged in a criss-cross mode, electric heating wires and insulating heat conduction oil are arranged in the heat pipes, an upper wiring column and a lower wiring column are respectively arranged above and below the three-dimensional net cage structure in the heating box, the upper end and the lower end of each electric heating wire are respectively connected with the upper wiring column and the lower wiring column, and the upper wiring column and the lower wiring column are respectively connected with power supply wires which penetrate through the box walls of the heating box.
2. The method for enhancing pumping by heat injection and hydraulic punching in cooperation with cross-layer drilling according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the outer end part of the gas injection pipe is provided with a gas injection valve, the outer end part of the hole sealing pipe is provided with a hole sealing valve, and the bottle mouth of the nitrogen cylinder is provided with a switch valve.
3. The method for enhancing pumping by heat injection and hydraulic punching in cooperation with cross-layer drilling according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the wall of the heating box is of a three-layer structure, the outermost layer and the innermost layer are respectively formed by welding steel plates, and the middle interlayer is filled with glass fiber heat-insulating materials.
4. The method for enhancing pumping by heat injection of cross-layer drilling and hydraulic punching in cooperation with the cross-layer drilling as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: the specific process of the step (3) is that the first bag and the second bag are fixed on an air injection pipe, and the distance between the first bag and the second bag is not less than 4m; connecting the hole sealing pipe with a grouting hose and a grouting pump, opening a hole sealing valve, pumping clear water by the grouting pump to inject water into the first bag and the second bag through the grouting hose and the hole sealing pipe, wherein the water injection pressure is not less than 2MPa, so that the outer edges of the first bag and the second bag are fully contacted with the inner wall of the second extraction pipe, and the purpose of sealing the second extraction pipe is achieved; continuously increasing the water injection pressure of the grouting pump, opening a blast valve between a first bag and a second bag on the hole sealing pipe, and allowing clean water to flow into a closed cavity formed between the first bag and the second bag in the second extraction pipe; the opening pressure of the one-way valve on the second bag is 2MPa, when the pressure in the closed cavity is greater than 2MPa, the one-way valve on the second bag is opened towards the inner side of the heat injection hole, air in the closed cavity is discharged, clean water continuously flows into the closed cavity until the closed cavity is filled with water, and then the grouting pump and the hole sealing valve are closed.
5. The method for enhancing pumping by heat injection and hydraulic punching in cooperation with cross-layer drilling according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific process of the step (4) is that an air injection valve on an air injection pipe and a switch valve on a nitrogen cylinder are opened; firstly, electrifying an electric heating wire to heat, heating the insulated heat conducting oil in the heat conducting pipe by the electric heating wire, radiating heat energy outwards through the heat conducting pipe after the insulated heat conducting oil is heated, starting the heat injection pump after 3-5 minutes, firstly, enabling nitrogen in the nitrogen bottle to enter a heating box, heating the nitrogen by the heat emitted by the heat conducting pipe in the process that the nitrogen passes through the heating box, heating the temperature of the nitrogen to 80 ℃, then, enabling the nitrogen to enter a gas injection pipe through a gas injection hose, and then, enabling the nitrogen to enter a heat injection hole through a gas injection pipe; under the heating action of high-temperature and high-pressure nitrogen, the water bodies in the first bag, the second bag and between the two bags are heated and expanded, and the inner wall of the second extraction pipe is tightly sealed under the action of self expansion force.
6. The method for enhancing pumping by heat injection of cross-layer drilling and hydraulic punching in cooperation with the cross-layer drilling as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (5) closing the heat injection pump, the switch valve and the air injection valve in sequence, opening the hole sealing valve after 1h, automatically flowing out the first bag, the second bag and the water body between the two bags, and taking out the special hole sealing device.
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| US6969123B2 (en) * | 2001-10-24 | 2005-11-29 | Shell Oil Company | Upgrading and mining of coal |
| CN104061013B (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2016-02-10 | 中国矿业大学 | One utilizes freezing process to improve the infiltrative method of low-permeability coal seam and device |
| CN104563990B (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2018-04-20 | 中国矿业大学 | One kind bores blanking integration and heat injection cooperative reinforcing coal bed gas extraction method |
| CN104632271A (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2015-05-20 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for increasing permeability in drilling holes in cold expansion and heat driving mode |
| CN207131371U (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2018-03-23 | 河南能源化工集团研究院有限公司 | Coal mine gas drainage holes controllable capsule bag type hole-sealing device with pressure |
| CN107476794B (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2019-05-07 | 徐州工程学院 | Method for increasing coal gas permeability by injecting high-temperature nitrogen after liquid nitrogen gasification circulation |
| CN109026128A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-12-18 | 中国矿业大学 | Multistage combustion shock wave fracturing coal body and heat injection alternation strengthen gas pumping method |
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