CN109854210A - Using the gas pumping method and extraction system of liquid nitrogen and steam fracturing coal seam - Google Patents
Using the gas pumping method and extraction system of liquid nitrogen and steam fracturing coal seam Download PDFInfo
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- CN109854210A CN109854210A CN201910162906.6A CN201910162906A CN109854210A CN 109854210 A CN109854210 A CN 109854210A CN 201910162906 A CN201910162906 A CN 201910162906A CN 109854210 A CN109854210 A CN 109854210A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of gas pumping method and extraction system using liquid nitrogen and steam fracturing coal seam, pumping method includes that step 1) drills, and 2) arrangement extraction system, 3) sealing of hole, 4) freeze fracturing, 5) high temperature fracturing and heating gas and 6) mash gas extraction.Extraction system includes being set to the hole that coal seam fracturing and gas drainage are used on coal seam, and the outer segment in hole is provided with for sealing of hole and heat-insulated layer of polyurethane, liquid nitrogen pipe, heating tube and drainage tube are separately provided with across the layer of polyurethane, the outer end of liquid nitrogen pipe is switched to liquid nitrogen pump, liquid nitrogen pump is switched on liquid nitrogen container, heating tube is switched to steam generator, and steam generator is switched on water tank.The present invention is compared with the prior art, the heavy, security risk of constructing, water-blocking effect and the limited problem of coverage are avoided, hot and cold alternation fracturing is carried out by liquid nitrogen and steam, greatly enhances fracturing effect, gas migration speed is improved, is greatly improved the efficiency in further gas drainage.
Description
Technical field
It is the invention belongs to gas production technical field, in particular to a kind of to be taken out using liquid nitrogen and the gas in steam fracturing coal seam
Mining method and extraction system.
Background technique
80% or more coal seam of China is low-permeable complicated seam, has more micropores, high absorption, difficult diffusion, hyposmosis special
Sign, gas drainage is difficult, and coal mine gas disaster is serious.For such complicated seam, foreign countries are hardly exploited, and are lacked referential
Anti-reflection technology substantially enhances the basic assurance that gas permeability of coal seam is coal-bed gas Efficient Development and safe coal exploitation.
Anti-reflection technology is strengthened in currently used coal seam mainly has intensive drilling, Deephole pre-splitting blasting, hydraulic fracturing, waterpower to cut
Seam, heat injection rush are adopted.
Above-mentioned technical method can improve gas permeability of coal seam to a certain extent, strengthen gas drainage, but there is also itself
Limitation.Using intensive drilling, then construction work amount is big, can not form reticulated cracks around drilling, coverage is small.
Deephole pre-splitting blasting is used, first is that field conduct is difficult, second is that explosive charge bring security risk is difficult to solve.
Using hydraulic slotted liner technique, hydraulic fracturing, then water-blocking effect can be generated, Methane Transport in Coal Seam channel be blocked, to inhibit
Desorption of mash gas.
It is adopted using heat injection rush, then can not increase cracks in coal seam, function and effect are limited.
Therefore, it needs to study a kind of novel anti-reflection technology, it can fracturing coal seam increase gas migration channel and promotion watt
This desorption, and then achieve the purpose that efficient extraction.
Summary of the invention
Big in view of construction work amount in the prior art, coverage is small, performance difficulty, and there are security risk, closure watt
This migration pathway and the limited technological deficiency of crack effect, the present invention provide a kind of gas using liquid nitrogen and steam fracturing coal seam
Pumping method, as a kind of novel anti-reflection technology, the technical problem to be solved is that avoid cumbersome, performance difficulty and there is peace
The scene drilling of full hidden danger and blast working, while to expand the anti-reflection influence on coal seam, increase the migration pathway of gas, promotes
Desorption of mash gas, to improve the efficiency of gas drainage.
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of gas pumping method using liquid nitrogen and steam fracturing coal seam, including such as
Lower step:
1) it drills: being drilled with the hole for fracturing and extraction to coal seam；
2) it arranges extraction system: the inner end of liquid nitrogen pipe, heating tube and drainage tube being extend into the hole, the liquid nitrogen pipe
Outer end be switched on liquid nitrogen container, the outer end of the heating tube is switched on steam generator；
3) sealing of hole: the outer segment in the hole is arranged two sections for blocking the cement sand bed in the hole, while making described
Liquid nitrogen pipe, heating tube and drainage tube pass through two sections of cement sand beds, and extend into the hole, then Grouting Pipe is arranged simultaneously,
The inner end of the Grouting Pipe is extend between two sections of cement sand beds, by the Grouting Pipe to two sections of cement sand beds
Between inject polyurethane, and form the layer of polyurethane for heat-insulated and sealing of hole；
4) it freezes fracturing: the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen container being circulated into the hole by the liquid nitrogen pipe, to the coal
Layer carries out freezing fracturing；
5) high temperature fracturing and heating gas: the steam generated in steam generator is circulated by the heating tube described
In hole, high temperature fracturing is carried out to coal seam；
6) mash gas extraction: pass through the outside mash gas extraction of drainage tube.
Using above technical scheme, the extraction of gas needs drill on coal seam, by this hole come outside mash gas extraction,
Simultaneously because needing to coal seam fracturing, to dredge the passing away of gas, fracturing is also required to again using freezing and heating
Drilling can be only achieved good effect, therefore in the inventive solutions to operate, and two holes are really combined into one
's.The piping of extraction system includes the liquid nitrogen pipe for pouring into liquid nitrogen into hole, the heating tube of heat supply and extraction watt into hole
This drainage tube.Due to pour into hole, liquid nitrogen carries out refrigeration fracturing and steam carries out heating fracturing, it is therefore desirable to shape in hole
At the space of a relative closure, so needing after liquid nitrogen pipe, heating tube and drainage tube are set with the cement for sealing of hole
Screed, and for heat-insulated layer of polyurethane, cement sand bed also plays the supporting function in structure to the setting of layer of polyurethane.
Liquid nitrogen is poured into hole, freezing fracturing is carried out to coal seam, during freezing, the moisture in coal seam can be frozen into
Ice, ice increase with respect to water meeting volume, expand fracturing coal seam, promote fracturing effect.After the completion of freezing, then immediately pour into high temperature steaming
Vapour, it is shock heating after quenching can be further to coal seam fracturing, while the moisture inside the coal seam that also can melt and gasify, the gap left is used
In the channel of gas dissociation discharge.Device in Gas in coal seam in case of heating, can also accelerate to dissociate, more efficiently and rapidly
It escapes, is entered in hole from coal seam, convenient extraction further out.
Further, preferably, in order to guarantee that energy is comprehensive after blasting steam and is equably heated in device to hole, simultaneously
Also can easily mash gas extraction the inner end of the drainage tube and heating tube be extended close in the arrangement extraction system
The bottom in the hole.
It further,, will in the arrangement extraction system preferably, in order to guarantee that liquid nitrogen is equably blown into hole
The inner end of the liquid nitrogen pipe extends at the bottom 0.15m-0.25m apart from the hole.
Further, preferably, connecting for convenience, in the arrangement extraction system, by the drainage tube and heat supply
Aperture 0.5m-1.5m of the outer end of pipe apart from the hole.
It further,, will be described in the arrangement extraction system preferably, in order to blast offer power to liquid nitrogen
Liquid nitrogen pipe is first coupled on liquid nitrogen pump, and the liquid nitrogen pump is on being connected to liquid nitrogen container.
Further, preferably, for the ease of steam generation, in the arrangement extraction system, the steam generator
On be also connected with water tank.
Further, described in the high temperature fracturing and heating gas step preferably, in order to guarantee heating effect
The vapor (steam) temperature that steam generator generates is 150 DEG C -400 DEG C.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of gas drainage system for liquid nitrogen and steam fracturing coal seam, including set
It is placed on coal seam, for the hole of coal seam fracturing and gas drainage, the outer segment in the hole is provided with for sealing of hole and heat-insulated poly- ammonia
Ester layer is separately provided with liquid nitrogen pipe, heating tube and drainage tube across the layer of polyurethane, and inner end extend into the inside in the hole, institute
The outer end for stating liquid nitrogen pipe is switched to liquid nitrogen pump, and the liquid nitrogen pump is switched on liquid nitrogen container, and the heating tube is switched to steam generation
Device, the steam generator are switched on water tank.
Using above technical scheme, hole carries out fracturing for pouring into steam and liquid nitrogen into coal seam, is also used to carry out gas
Extraction, by layer of polyurethane device to hole carry out sealing of hole and inside it is heat-insulated, with formed a relative closure chamber, with guarantee refrigeration and
The effect of heating.Liquid nitrogen pipe is used for mash gas extraction for pouring into steam, drainage tube for pouring into liquid nitrogen, heating tube.Liquid nitrogen pump will
Liquid nitrogen in liquid nitrogen container is circulated into hole by liquid nitrogen pipe.
Further, preferably, in order to be supported to layer of polyurethane, while the effect of sealing of hole is also functioned to, the poly- ammonia
The inner side and outer side of ester layer is provided with cement sand bed.
The utility model has the advantages that present inventive concept is novel, ingenious in design and structurally reasonable, compared with the prior art, it is numerous to avoid construction
Weight, security risk, water-blocking effect and the limited problem of coverage carry out hot and cold alternation fracturing by liquid nitrogen and steam, significantly
Enhance fracturing effect, improves gas migration speed, greatly improved the efficiency in further gas drainage.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples:
Embodiment one
A kind of gas pumping method using liquid nitrogen and steam fracturing coal seam, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
1) it drills: being drilled with the hole 6 for fracturing and extraction to coal seam 7；
2) it arranges extraction system: the inner end of liquid nitrogen pipe 8, heating tube 10 and drainage tube 9 is extend into hole 6,
3) sealing of hole: the outer segment in hole 6 is arranged two sections and is used for the cement sand bed 5 of plugging hole 6, while making liquid nitrogen pipe 8, supplying
Heat pipe 10 and drainage tube 9 pass through two sections of cement sand beds 5, and extend into hole 6, then Grouting Pipe 3, Grouting Pipe 3 are arranged simultaneously
Inner end extend between two sections of cement sand beds 5, polyurethane is injected between two sections of cement sand beds 5 by the Grouting Pipe 3,
And it is formed for the heat-insulated layer of polyurethane 4 with sealing of hole；
4) it freezes fracturing: the liquid nitrogen in liquid nitrogen container 1 being circulated into hole 6 by liquid nitrogen pipe 8, freezing cause is carried out to coal seam 7
It splits；
5) steam generated in steam generator 12 high temperature fracturing and heating gas: is circulated by hole 6 by heating tube 10
It is interior, high temperature fracturing is carried out to coal seam 7；
6) mash gas extraction: pass through the outside mash gas extraction of drainage tube 9.
In the specific implementation process, first to coal seam 7 drill, due to practical coal seam often between rock stratum,
It in drilling, needs subdrilling to rock stratum, the rock stratum after coal seam reaches coal seam is drilled through by rock stratum.Therefore the bottom in hole 6 is actually
It is on the rock stratum of inner layer, entire coal seam 7 is to be run through.Liquid nitrogen pipe 8, heating tube 10 and drainage tube 9 are arranged in hole 6 and set
It after setting, begins through cement mortar and carries out sealing of hole, specifically setting cement sand bed 5.Cement sand bed 5 is two layers, in hole 6
It is interior spaced apart, the practical rock stratum section in hole 6 in position.When cement sand bed 5 is arranged, liquid nitrogen pipe 8, heating tube 10 and pumping
Pipe 9 is adopted really across the cement sand bed, and extend into 7 sections of coal seam.When cement sand bed 5 is arranged, it is also necessary in advance
Embedded Grouting Pipe 3, one end of the Grouting Pipe 3 are extend between two cement sand beds 5, and the other end is located at the side of hole 6 towards the outside
To.After the solidification of cement sand bed 5 is good, by Grouting Pipe 3 to polyurethane is filled between two cement sand beds 5, formed for protecting
The heat-insulated layer of polyurethane 4 of temperature.When injecting liquid nitrogen into hole 6, liquid nitrogen gasification can absorb a large amount of heat, carry out to coal seam 7
Rapid cooling realizes the fracturing in coal seam 7, while the moisture in coal seam 7 can be also frozen into ice by low temperature, volume expansion, further
Fracturing coal seam.After completing freezing fracturing by liquid nitrogen, then pass through heating tube 10 and pour into high-temperature steam, it is shock heating to give 7 one, coal seam
Environment, the coal seam after living through quenching, then it is shock heating, coal seam fracturing can be further resulted in.Coal seam 7 after the heating, the ice of the inside
Also it can be melted, then gasify, leave gap, the channel as gas migration.Therefore, the coal seam 7 after fracturing has more
Gas migration channel, enter in hole 6 more quickly and efficiently, facilitates subsequent extraction.
In the specific implementation process, as a kind of perferred technical scheme, in arrangement extraction system, by 9 He of drainage tube
The inner end of heating tube 10 extends close to the bottom in hole 6.The bottom that the inner end of drainage tube 9 extends to hole 6 can make drainage tube 9
It is more easier extraction to the methane gas of 6 bottom of hole, the inner end of heating tube 10 extend into the bottom in hole 6, can be directly by steam
It is input to the bottom in hole 6, carries out heat release.
In the specific implementation process, as a kind of perferred technical scheme, in arrangement extraction system, by liquid nitrogen pipe 8
Inner end extends at the bottom 0.15m-0.25m apart from hole 6.The inner end of liquid nitrogen pipe 8 is relatively close to the bottom in hole 6, certain
In distance range, it can so guarantee that the liquid nitrogen poured into out of liquid nitrogen pipe 8 can be more easier full of entire hole 6, and in gas
During changing heat absorption, a large amount of heat can be absorbed, has freezing Fracturing well to coal seam.
In the specific implementation process, as a kind of perferred technical scheme, in arrangement extraction system, by 9 He of drainage tube
Aperture 0.5m-1.5m of the outer end of heating tube 10 apart from hole 6.Since the outer end of drainage tube 9 can be connected to gas drainage pipe outside well
Net, it is therefore desirable to so that aperture certain distance of the outer end of drainage tube 9 apart from hole 6, in order to connect.
In the specific implementation process, as a kind of perferred technical scheme, in arrangement extraction system, first by liquid nitrogen pipe 8
It is connected on liquid nitrogen pump 2, liquid nitrogen pump 2 is on being connected to liquid nitrogen container 1.It is that conveying of the liquid nitrogen in liquid nitrogen pipe 8 mentions by liquid nitrogen pump 2
For power.
In the specific implementation process, as a kind of perferred technical scheme, in arrangement extraction system, steam generator 12
On be also connected with water tank 13.Water tank 13 generates steam for steam generator 12 and provides water source.
In the specific implementation process, as a kind of perferred technical scheme, it in high temperature fracturing and heating gas step, steams
The vapor (steam) temperature that vapour generator 12 generates is 150 DEG C -400 DEG C.This temperature range is more easier to obtain the steaming of the temperature range
Vapour, while heating fracturing and being also more easier.
In the specific implementation process, as a kind of perferred technical scheme, it including is set on coal seam 7, is caused for coal seam
The hole 6 with gas drainage is split, the outer segment in hole 6 is provided with for sealing of hole and heat-insulated layer of polyurethane 4, is separately provided with liquid nitrogen pipe 8, is supplied
Heat pipe 10 and drainage tube 9 pass through the layer of polyurethane 4, and inner end extend into the inside in hole 6, and the outer end of liquid nitrogen pipe 8 is switched to liquid nitrogen
Pump 2, liquid nitrogen pump 2 is switched on liquid nitrogen container 1, and drainage tube 9 is switched to steam generator 12, and steam generator 12 is switched to water tank 13
On.
Hole 6 carries out fracturing for pouring into steam and liquid nitrogen into coal seam 7, is also used to carry out gas drainage, be dug by tool
Hole is formed, and in the specific implementation, is needed to penetrate the rock stratum on surface, then penetrate coal seam 7, is reached the rock stratum of bottom surface.Pass through polyurethane
4 device to hole 6 of layer carry out sealing of hole and inside is heat-insulated, to form the chamber of a relative closure, to guarantee the effect of refrigeration and heating.Liquid
Nitrogen pipe 8 is used for mash gas extraction for pouring into steam, drainage tube 9 for pouring into liquid nitrogen, heating tube 10.Liquid nitrogen pump 2 will be in liquid nitrogen container 1
Liquid nitrogen be circulated into hole by liquid nitrogen pipe 8.
In the specific implementation process, as a kind of perferred technical scheme, the inner side and outer side of layer of polyurethane 4 is provided with
Cement sand bed 5.By cement sand bed 5 come sealing of hole, support also is provided for the setting of polyurethane.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above.It should be appreciated that those skilled in the art without
It needs creative work according to the present invention can conceive and makes many modifications and variations.Therefore, all technologies in the art
Personnel are available by logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment on the basis of existing technology under this invention's idea
Technical solution, all should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of gas pumping method using liquid nitrogen and steam fracturing coal seam, characterized by the following steps:
1) it drills: being drilled with the hole (6) for fracturing and extraction to coal seam (7)；
2) it arranges extraction system: the inner end of liquid nitrogen pipe (8), heating tube (10) and drainage tube (9) is extend into the hole (6),
The outer end of the liquid nitrogen pipe (8) is switched on liquid nitrogen container (1), and the outer end of the heating tube (10) is switched to steam generator (12)
On；
3) sealing of hole: the outer segment in the hole (6) is arranged two sections for blocking the cement sand bed (5) of the hole (6), makes simultaneously
The liquid nitrogen pipe (8), heating tube (10) and drainage tube (9) pass through two sections of cement sand beds (5), and extend into the hole (6)
It is interior, then be arranged Grouting Pipe (3) simultaneously, the inner end of the Grouting Pipe (3) is extend between two sections of cement sand beds (5), is led to
The Grouting Pipe (3) is crossed to injecting polyurethane between two sections of cement sand beds (5), and forms the poly- ammonia for heat-insulated and sealing of hole
Ester layer (4)；
4) it freezes fracturing: the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen container (1) being circulated into the hole (6) by the liquid nitrogen pipe (8), to institute
It states coal seam (7) and carries out freezing fracturing；
5) high temperature fracturing and heating gas: the steam generated in steam generator (12) is circulated by the heating tube (10)
In the hole (6), high temperature fracturing is carried out to coal seam (7)；
6) mash gas extraction: pass through drainage tube (9) outside mash gas extraction.
2. using the gas pumping method of liquid nitrogen and steam fracturing coal seam as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in institute
It states in arrangement extraction system, the inner end of the drainage tube (9) and heating tube (10) is extended close to the bottom of the hole (6).
3. using the gas pumping method of liquid nitrogen and steam fracturing coal seam as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in institute
It states in arrangement extraction system, the inner end of the liquid nitrogen pipe (8) is extended into the bottom 0.15m-0.25m apart from the hole (6)
Place.
4. using the gas pumping method of liquid nitrogen and steam fracturing coal seam as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in institute
It states in arrangement extraction system, the aperture 0.5m- by the outer end of the drainage tube (9) and heating tube (10) apart from the hole (6)
1.5m。
5. using the gas pumping method of liquid nitrogen and steam fracturing coal seam as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in institute
It states in arrangement extraction system, the liquid nitrogen pipe (8) is first coupled on liquid nitrogen pump (2), the liquid nitrogen pump (2) is being connected to liquid nitrogen
On tank (1).
6. using the gas pumping method of liquid nitrogen and steam fracturing coal seam as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in institute
It states in arrangement extraction system, is also connected with water tank (13) on the steam generator (12).
7. using the gas pumping method of liquid nitrogen and steam fracturing coal seam as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in institute
It states in high temperature fracturing and heating gas step, the vapor (steam) temperature that the steam generator (12) generates is 150 DEG C -400 DEG C.
8. a kind of gas drainage system for liquid nitrogen and steam fracturing coal seam, including be set on coal seam (7), it is caused for coal seam
It splits and the hole of gas drainage (6), it is characterised in that: the outer segment of the hole (6) is provided with for sealing of hole and heat-insulated layer of polyurethane
(4), liquid nitrogen pipe (8), heating tube (10) and drainage tube (9) are separately provided with across the layer of polyurethane (4), and inner end extend into it is described
The outer end of the inside in hole (6), the liquid nitrogen pipe (8) is switched to liquid nitrogen pump (2), and the liquid nitrogen pump (2) is switched to liquid nitrogen container (1)
On, the heating tube (10) is switched to steam generator (12), and the steam generator (12) is switched on water tank (13).
9. a kind of gas drainage system for liquid nitrogen and steam fracturing coal seam as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that:
The inner side and outer side of the layer of polyurethane (4) is provided with cement sand bed (5).
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ID=66899853
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Cited By (9)
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| CN110374566A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-10-25 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of pumping method that ultrasound combines fracturing coal seam with high steam, desorbs gas |
| CN110578504A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-12-17 | 重庆大学 | Partitioned fracturing cooperative directional heat drive gas extraction system and use method thereof |
| CN110939478A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-03-31 | 华北科技学院 | Method for improving gas permeability of coal bed by adopting air cannon vibration |
| CN111075420A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-28 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for efficiently increasing permeability of coal body by utilizing liquid nitrogen-hot gas cold and hot circulating impact |
| CN112096363A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-18 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Liquid nitrogen injection freeze-drying coal bed gas production increasing system and working method thereof |
| CN114135287A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-04 | 太原理工大学 | Three-dimensional directional pre-splitting method for rock drilling high-temperature thermal cracking |
| CN114263449A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-04-01 | 中国矿业大学 | High-efficient gas drainage device based on hydraulic fracturing |
| CN114370256A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-19 | 西安科技大学 | System and method for increasing permeability and gas displacement of carbon dioxide hot steam freeze-thaw coal seam |
| CN114396244A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-04-26 | 重庆大学 | Deep coal seam group well up-down combined permeability-increasing gas extraction method |
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