AU2021105637A4

AU2021105637A4 - Selenium nutrient medium, preparation method and application in culturing selenium-enriched morchella esculenta thereof, and method for culturing selenium-enriched morchella esculenta

Info

Publication number: AU2021105637A4
Application number: AU2021105637A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Zhiwei Liang; Bin Qin; Xiusheng SONG; Xueqin XIAO; Weizhen ZHANG
Original assignee: Central Hospital Of Enshi Tujia And Miao Autonomous Prefecture
Current assignee: Central Hospital Of Enshi Tujia And Miao Autonomous Prefecture
Priority date: 2021-08-17
Filing date: 2021-08-17
Publication date: 2021-10-14
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-17

Abstract

OF THE DISCLOSURE The present disclosure provides a selenium nutrient medium, a preparation method and an application in culturing selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta thereof, and a method for culturing the selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta, which relates to the technical field of agriculture. The selenium nutrient medium provided by the present disclosure comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50~60 parts of a selenium nutrient, 6~15 parts of an organic silicon, 68,000 parts of water, and 1,000,000 parts of wheat grains. The present disclosure uses the wheat grains to absorb the selenium nutrient with the help of the permeability of the organic silicon, ensuring that selenium is captured by other elements in the culture medium. The mycelium of Morchella esculenta has a high decomposition and utilization rate to the wheat grains, so the absorption and utilization of the mycelium to selenium is increased, which is conducive to increasing the selenium content of Morchella esculenta products.

Description

SELENIUM NUTRIENT MEDIUM, PREPARATION METHOD AND APPLICATION IN CULTURING SELENIUM-ENRICHED MORCHELLA ESCULENTA THEREOF, AND METHOD FOR CULTURING SELENIUM ENRICHED MORCHELLA ESCULENTA TECHNICAL FIELD

[01] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of agriculture, and specifically relates to a selenium nutrient medium, a preparation method and an application in

culturing selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta thereof, and a method for culturing the

selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta.

BACKGROUNDART

[02] Morchella esculenta is a kind of rare edible mushrooms, named for its pitted caps and sheep's tripe-like shape. Morchella esculenta is not only a kind of precious edible

mushrooms but also a kind of medicinal mushrooms, which is often used for indigestion

and Qi stagnation, abdominal fullness and distention, phlegm congestion, Qi counterflow,

and wheezing cough.

[03] Morchella esculenta is rich in nutrients such as proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and

the like, and contains a variety of amino acids, especially glutamic acid. In addition, it is

determined that Morchella esculenta contains at least 8 kinds of vitamins: vitamin BI,

vitamin B2, vitamin B12, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, and folic acid.

Moreover, Morchella esculenta contains tumor-inhibiting polysaccharides and

antibacterial and antiviral active ingredients, so it has anti-fatigue, antiviral, and anti

tumor effects, and can strengthen the body's immunity.

[04] Morchella esculenta is a kind of saprophytic fungus. It is rich in selenium which

is a component of glutathione peroxidase in human erythrocytes, capable of transporting

a large amount of oxygen molecules to inhibit malignant tumors and inactivate cancer

cells, and has synergistic antioxidant effect with vitamin E to enhance the antioxidant

capacity of vitamin E. The antioxidant effect of selenium can change the metabolic

direction of carcinogens. And selenium can inhibit the carcinogenic potency of carcinogens by combining with carcinogens, thereby reducing or eliminating the risk of carcinogenesis. The combination of selenium with Morchella esculenta is a good anti cancer product used as medicine and food. However, there is no selenium-enriched

Morchella esculenta product on the market at present. Therefore, it is an urgent need to

develop a method for culturing selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta.

SUMMARY

[05] To solve the above problems, the present disclosure provides a selenium nutrient medium, a preparation method and an application in culturing selenium-enriched

Morchella esculenta thereof, and a method for culturing the selenium-enriched Morchella

esculenta. The selenium nutrient medium provided by the present disclosure can be used

to culture the selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta, so that the obtained selenium

enriched Morchella esculenta meets the selenium content standard of edible mushrooms.

[06] To achieve the above objects, the technical solutions employed by the present

disclosure are as follows:

[07] The present disclosure provides the selenium nutrient medium, including the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50~60 parts of a selenium nutrient, 6~15 parts

of an organic silicon, 68,000 parts of water, and 1,000,000 parts of wheat grains.

[08] Preferably, the selenium nutrient consists of one or two of sodium selenite, selenomethionine, and Se-methyl-L-selenocysteine.

[09] Preferably, the selenium nutrient medium further includes an auxiliary material which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 15,000-25,000 parts

of corn cob, 20,000-35,000 parts of rice husk, 5,000-20,000 parts of sawdust,

3,000-70,000 parts of soybean powder, 1,000-2,000 parts of calcium carbonate,

1,000-3,000 parts of calcium sulfate, 500~1,500 parts of potassium dihydrogen

phosphate, 200~600 parts of magnesium sulfate, and 65,000 parts of water.

[10] Preferably, a water content of the selenium nutrient medium is 60wt%~67wt%, and a pH value of the selenium nutrient medium is 6.5-7.5.

[11] The present disclosure provides the preparation method of the selenium nutrient

medium described in the above technical solutions, including the following steps: mixing the selenium nutrient, the organic silicon, and water, to obtain a selenium nutrient solution; soaking the wheat grains with the selenium nutrient solution until the wheat grains absorb the selenium nutrient solution completely; stacking the wheat grains absorbed with the selenium nutrient solution to germinate, to obtain the selenium nutrient medium.

[12] Preferably, the preparation method further includes the following steps: mixing the raw materials of the auxiliary material to obtain a dissolved auxiliary material; then mixing the dissolved auxiliary material with the germinated wheat grains, and adjusting the water content and the pH value.

[13] The present disclosure provides an application of the selenium nutrient medium described in the above technical solutions or the selenium nutrient medium obtained by the preparation method described in the above technical solutions in culturing selenium enriched Morchella esculenta products.

[14] The present disclosure provides the method for culturing the selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta, and the selenium nutrient medium described in the above technical solutions is used to culture Morchella esculenta.

[15] Preferably, the culture method includes the following steps: cutting openings at a side of a nutrient bag prepared by the selenium nutrient medium described in the above technical solutions, and the openings facing downwardly; then putting the nutrient bag on a border growing with a net-like mycelium after sowing Morchella esculenta spores for 8~12 days.

[16] The beneficial effects are as follows:

[17] The present disclosure provides the selenium nutrient medium, including the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50~60 parts of the selenium nutrient, 6~15 parts of the organic silicon, 68,000 parts of water, and 1,000,000 parts of the wheat grains. The present disclosure uses the wheat grains to absorb the selenium nutrient with the help of the permeability of the organic silicon, ensuring that selenium is captured by other elements in the culture medium, and improving the utilization rate of the selenium nutrient. In addition, the selenium nutrient can increase the enrichment of the wheat grains without causing rot, and improve the selenium-enrichment effect and stability of the selenium nutrient medium. Moreover, the selenium nutrient combines with the wheat protein as the main nutrients for the growing mycelium. The mycelium of Morchella esculenta has a high decomposition and utilization rate to the wheat grains, so the absorption and utilization of the mycelium to selenium is increased, which is conducive to increasing the selenium content of Morchella esculenta, to meet the selenium content standard of edible mushrooms. The results of the examples show that Morchella esculenta cultured by using the selenium nutrient medium of the present disclosure has the selenium content of 1.244~1.718 mg/Kg in the fruit body.

[18] Furthermore, the present disclosure also provides the method for culturing the selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta. Instead of inoculating the edible mushroom

spores into a nutrient bag, and then opening the nutrient bag and covering with the soil

for fruiting after the mycelium grows fully in the nutrient bag in the traditional technique,

the present disclosure sows the spores in the field to germinate and grow in the soil, and

then puts the nutrient bag on the mycelium after the mycelium is formed on the ground,

so that the nutrient-targeting property of the mycelium and the chemotaxis of selenium to

the living organisms speed up the linking of the mycelium to decompose and transform

selenium, thereby promoting the growth and fruiting. And the method of the present

disclosure avoids the direct contact between selenium and the soil, thus the pollution of

the soil is avoided.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[19] The present disclosure provides a selenium nutrient medium, including the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50~60 parts of selenium nutrient, 6~15 parts of

organic silicon, 68,000 parts of water, and 1,000,000 parts of wheat grains.

[20] The selenium nutrient medium of the present disclosure includes 1,000,000 parts by mass of the wheat grains. The present disclosure has no special requirement on the

source of the wheat grains, and the full and mildew-free wheat grains are preferably. The

present disclosure uses the wheat grains to absorb the selenium nutrient with the help of

the permeability of the organic silicon. The content of the wheat grains is rich in proteins,

and has high selenium absorption rate, which is beneficial to the chemotaxis of the

mycelium to nutrients. The present disclosure uses the wheat grains as a carrier so that the mycelium in the soil "actively" decomposes and absorbs nutrients in the wheat grains, and accumulates them in the mycelium and sclerotium. After the mycelium of Morchella esculenta has fully developed, selenium and other nutrients are transported from the mycelium to the fruit body in the process of transferring the vegetative growth into the reproductive growth, so that the cultured Morchella esculenta is rich in selenium. In addition, the present disclosure also ensures that selenium is captured by other elements in the culture medium. The mycelium of Morchella esculenta has high decomposition and utilization rate to the wheat grains, so the absorption and utilization of the mycelium to selenium is increased, which is conducive to increasing the selenium content of Morchella esculenta products, to meet the selenium content standard of edible mushrooms. What's more, there is no pollution to the soil.

[21] The selenium nutrient medium of the present disclosure includes 50~60 parts of the selenium nutrient based on the parts by mass of the wheat grains, preferably 55-60

parts, and more preferably 60 parts. The selenium nutrient of the present disclosure

preferably consists of one or more of sodium selenite, selenomethionine, and Se-methyl

L-selenocysteine, and more preferably selenomethionine and Se-methyl-L

selenocysteine. When the selenium nutrient of the present disclosure is selenomethionine

and Se-methyl-L-selenocysteine, a mass ratio of selenomethionine to Se-methyl-L

selenocysteine is preferably (1-5): (1-5), more preferably (1-2): (1-2), and further more

preferably 1:1. The present disclosure has no special requirement on the source of

selenomethionine and Se-methyl-L-selenocysteine, and the conventional commercially

available products in the art can be used. The molecular weight of the selenium nutrient

of the present disclosure is relatively small, which facilitates the penetration of the

selenium nutrient into the wheat grains and the absorption and transportation of the

mycelium to selenium. The macromolecular selenium nutrient is difficult to penetrate into

the wheat grains, so the absorption and transportation of the mycelium to selenium is

inhibited, and the culture of the selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta can be hardly

achieved. In addition, the selenium nutrient can increase the enrichment of the wheat

grains without causing rot, and improve the selenium-enrichment effect and stability of

the selenium nutrient medium. Particularly, the combination of selenomethionine with

Se-methyl-L-selenocysteine as the selenium nutrient in the present disclosure has the best

selenium-enrichment effect, with the selenium content in the fruit body and mycelium of

Morchella esculenta reaching 1.718 mg/Kg and 39.4 mg/Kg respectively.

[22] The selenium nutrient medium of the present disclosure includes 6-15 parts of the organic silicon based on the parts by mass of the wheat grains, preferably 8-12 parts,

and more preferably 10 parts. The present disclosure has no special requirement on the

source of the organic silicon, and the conventional commercially available products in the

art can be used. The organic silicon of the present disclosure is a penetrant, facilitating

the absorption and transportation of selenium.

[23] The selenium nutrient medium of the present disclosure includes 68,000 parts of water based on the parts by mass of the wheat grains. Drinking water is preferably in the

present disclosure. The present disclosure has no special requirement on the source of the

water. The water of the present disclosure is a solvent, formulating the selenium nutrient

into the selenium nutrient solution to facilitate the penetration and absorption of the wheat

grains to selenium.

[24] The selenium nutrient medium of the present disclosure preferably includes an

auxiliary material.

[25] Based on the parts by mass of the wheat grains, the auxiliary material preferably

includes 15,000-25,000 parts of corn cob, more preferably 18,000-23,000 parts, and

further more preferably 20,000 parts. The present disclosure has no special requirement

on the source of the corn cob, and the conventional commercially available products in

the art can be used. The corn cob provides the main carbon source for Morchella esculenta,

and has good water absorption and retention, large voids, and air-permeable performance.

[26] Based on the parts by mass of the wheat grains, the auxiliary material preferably

includes 20,000-35,000 parts of rice husk, more preferably 25,000-32,000 parts, and

further more preferably 30,000 parts. The present disclosure has no special requirement

on the source of the rice husk. The rice husk provides the main nitrogen source for

Morchella esculenta, and has good air permeability, which can promote the rapid growth

of Morchella esculenta.

[27] Based on the parts by mass of the wheat grains, the auxiliary material preferably includes 5,000~20,000 parts of sawdust, more preferably 8,000~15,000 parts, and further more preferably 10,000 parts. The present disclosure has no special requirement on the source of the sawdust. The sawdust provides an appropriate amount of lignin for

Morchella esculenta, capable of improving the growth of the mycelium, and decreasing

the aging speed of the mycelium.

[28] Based on the parts by mass of the wheat grains, the auxiliary material preferably includes 3,000~70,000 parts of soybean powder, more preferably 4,000~6,000 parts, and

further more preferably 5,000 parts. The present disclosure has no special requirement on

the source of the soybean powder, and the conventional commercially available products

can be used. Thy soybean powder has high nitrogen content, mainly used to balance the

carbon-nitrogen ratio of the culture medium.

[29] Based on the parts by mass of the wheat grains, the auxiliary material preferably includes 1,000~2,000 parts of calcium carbonate, more preferably 1,200~1,700 parts, and

further more preferably 1,500 parts. The present disclosure has no special requirement on

the source of calcium carbonate, and the conventional commercially available products

can be used. Calcium carbonate is an alkaline calcium element, capable of preventing the

acidification of the culture medium.

[30] Based on the parts by mass of the wheat grains, the auxiliary material preferably

includes 1,000~3,000 parts of calcium sulfate, more preferably 1,200~2,000 parts, and

the source of calcium sulfate, and the conventional commercially available products can

be used. Calcium sulfate is a neutral calcium element, and also provides sulfur and

calcium. It can absorb carbon dioxide exhaled during the growth of mycelium to fix it in

the form of calcium carbonate, to prevent the acidification of the culture medium in the

later stage.

[31] Based on the parts by mass of the wheat grains, the auxiliary material preferably

includes 500~1,500 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, more preferably

800~1,200 parts, and further more preferably 1,000 parts. The present disclosure has no

special requirement on the source of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the

conventional commercially available products can be used. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate provides potassium required by Morchella esculenta, and promotes the growth of the mycelium and the formation of the sclerotium.

[32] Based on the parts by mass of the wheat grains, the auxiliary material preferably includes 200~600 parts of magnesium sulfate, more preferably 300~500 parts, and further

more preferably 400 parts. The present disclosure has no special requirement on the

source of magnesium sulfate, and the conventional commercially available products can

be used. Magnesium sulfate can improve enzyme activity of the mycelium of Morchella

esculenta, and promote the growth of the mycelium.

[33] Based on the parts by mass of the wheat grains, the auxiliary material preferably includes 65,000 parts of water. The water of the present disclosure is a solvent, used to

dissolve the raw materials of the auxiliary material.

[34] When the auxiliary material of the present disclosure is added to the selenium nutrient medium, it is preferable to adjust the water content and pH value of the selenium

nutrient medium after the auxiliary material is added. In the present disclosure, the

adjusted water content of the selenium nutrient medium is preferably 60wt%~67wt%,

more preferably 60wt%~65wt%, and further more preferably 63wt%. The specific water

content of the selenium nutrient medium of the present disclosure is conducive to the

healthy growth of the mycelium of Morchella esculenta. When the water content is less

than 60%, the mycelium of Morchella esculenta grows slender, affecting the growth and

yield of Morchella esculenta. When the water content is high than 67%, the air

permeability of the selenium nutrient medium is poor. In the present disclosure, the

adjusted pH value of the selenium nutrient medium is preferably 6.5~7.5, more preferably

6.7~7.3, and further more preferably 7.0. The specific pH value of the present disclosure

is particularly suitable for the growth of Morchella esculenta, increasing the yield. When

the pH value is lower than 6.5, the selenium nutrient medium is easy to grow competitive

bacteria such as Trichoderma and Rhizopus, which is not conducive to the healthy growth

of Morchella esculenta.

[35] The present disclosure uses the wheat grains to absorb the selenium nutrient with

the help of the permeability of the organic silicon, ensuring that selenium is captured by

other elements in the culture medium, and improving the utilization rate of the selenium nutrient. Moreover, the selenium nutrient can increase the enrichment of the wheat grains without causing rot, and improve the selenium-enrichment effect and stability of the selenium nutrient medium. And the selenium nutrient combines with the wheat protein as the main nutrients for the growing mycelium. The mycelium of Morchella esculenta has a high decomposition and utilization rate to the wheat grains, so the absorption and utilization of the mycelium to selenium is increased, which is conducive to increasing the selenium content of Morchella esculenta, to meet the selenium content standard of edible mushrooms.

[36] The present disclosure provides a preparation method of the selenium nutrient medium described in the above technical solutions, which includes the following steps:

mixing the selenium nutrient, the organic silicon and water to obtain a selenium nutrient

solution; soaking the wheat grains with the selenium nutrient solution until the wheat

grains absorb the selenium nutrient solution completely; stacking the wheat grains

absorbed with the selenium nutrient solution to germinate, to obtain the selenium nutrient

medium.

[37] The present disclosure mixes the selenium nutrient, the organic silicon and water

to obtain the selenium nutrient solution. The present disclosure has no special requirement

on mixing method, the conventional mixing method in the art can be used.

[38] The present disclosure soaks the wheat grains with the obtained selenium nutrient

solution until the wheat grains absorb the selenium nutrient solution completely. The

present disclosure has no special requirement on the soaking time, as long as the wheat

grains absorb the selenium nutrient solution completely. The temperature for soaking is

preferably 15~40°C, more preferably 20~40°C, and further more preferably 40°C.

[39] The present disclosure stacks the wheat grains absorbed with the selenium

nutrient solution to germinate, to obtain the selenium nutrient medium. The water content

of the wheat grains absorbed with the selenium nutrient solution of the present disclosure

is preferably 45wt%-50wt%, more preferably 47wt%-50wt%, and further more

preferably 49wt%. In the present disclosure, the temperature for stacking is preferably

-35°C, more preferably 20-25°C and further more preferably 25°C. In the present

disclosure, the time for stacking is preferably 3-4 days, and more preferably 2 days. The wheat grains are used immediately after the germination rate reaches 80%.

[40] The selenium nutrient medium of the present disclosure also preferably includes the auxiliary material. When the selenium nutrient medium includes the auxiliary material,

the present disclosure preferably mixes the germinated wheat grains with the auxiliary

material, and adjusts the water content and pH value. In the present disclosure, the

auxiliary material is preferably formulated as a dissolved auxiliary material and then

mixed with the germinated wheat grains. The present disclosure has no special

requirement on the mixing method, and the conventional mixing method in the art can be

used. The present disclosure preferably adjusts the water content and pH value of the

selenium nutrient medium after mixing. In the present disclosure, the adjusted water

content of the selenium nutrient medium is preferably 60wt%-67wt%, more preferably

wt%-65wt%, and further more preferably 63wt%. In the present disclosure, the

adjusted pH value of the selenium nutrient medium is preferably 6.5-7.5, more preferably

6.5-7.0, and further more preferably 7.0.

[41] After adjusting the water content and pH value, the present disclosure also

preferably includes bagging and sterilization. The present disclosure has no special

requirement on the method of bagging and sterilization, and the conventional method of

bagging and sterilization in the art can be used. The examples of the present disclosure

preferably put the culture medium after adjusting the water content and pH value into a

propylene folding bag with a size of 13 cmx26 cm and having high temperature resistance

for sterilization. The sterilization is preferably performed at 126°C for 120 min or at 98°C

for 15 h under a normal pressure, to obtain a nutrient pack containing the selenium

nutrient medium of the present disclosure.

[42] The preparation method of the selenium nutrient medium provided by the present

disclosure has a simple preparation process, and is convenient for large-scale production

of the selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta.

[43] The present disclosure provides an application of the selenium nutrient medium

described in the above technical solutions or the selenium nutrient medium obtained by

the preparation method described in the above technical solutions in culturing the

selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta products. The present disclosure applies the selenium nutrient medium described in the above technical solutions in culturing the selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta, to obtain the selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta that meets the selenium content standard of edible mushrooms. The conventional raw materials containing the selenium nutrient are sprayed on the surface of the fruit body or in the nutrient pack to culture the selenium-enriched edible mushrooms. While the present disclosure creatively uses the selenium nutrient to soak the wheat grains, and utilizes the nutrient-targeting property of the mycelium and the chemotaxis of selenium to the living organisms to transfer selenium to the mycelium, so that selenium is efficiently absorbed, the selenium content of Morchella esculenta is greatly increased, and the problem of the standardized production of the selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta is solved.

[44] The present disclosure provides a method for culturing the selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta by using the selenium nutrient medium described in the above technical solutions. The method of the present disclosure includes the following steps: cutting openings at a side of the nutrient pack prepared by the selenium nutrient medium described in the above technical solutions, and the openings facing downwardly; then putting the nutrient pack on the border growing with the net-like mycelium after sowing Morchella esculenta spores for 8-12 days. In the present disclosure, the nutrient pack is preferably a nutrient bag, and the specification of the nutrient bag is preferably (12-17) cmx (24-33) cm, more preferably (13-15) cmx (26-30) cm, and further more preferably 13 cmx26 cm. In the present disclosure, the number of the openings is preferably 3-4, and the length of the openings is preferably 10~13 cm, so that the mycelium of Morchella esculenta can utilize the nutrients in the nutrient pack to enrich selenium. In the present disclosure, the nutrient bag is preferably placed in 4-5 bags per square meter, to meet the requirements of Morchella esculenta on selenium. In the present disclosure, the nutrient pack is preferably placed after sowing the Morchella esculenta spores for 10-15 days, more preferably 8-10 days, and further more preferably 10 days. Calculated from the date of sowing the Morchella esculenta spores, the selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta cultured by the method provided by the present disclosure can fruit after 50-60 days. The fruiting is fast, and the period for farmers to obtain benefits is short. Instead of the inoculating edible mushroom spores into the nutrient bag, and then opening the nutrient bag and covering with the soil for fruiting after the mycelium grows fully in the nutrient bag in the traditional technique, the present disclosure sows the spores in the field to germinate and grow in the soil, and then puts the nutrient pack on the mycelium after the mycelium is formed on the ground, the nutrient-targeting property of the mycelium and the chemotaxis of selenium to the living organisms can transfer selenium to the mycelium, and speed up the linking of the mycelium to decompose and transform selenium, thereby promoting the growth and fruiting.

[45] To further illustrate the present disclosure, the selenium nutrient medium, the preparation method and the application in culturing the selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta thereof, and the method for culturing the selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta provided by the present disclosure will be described in detail below in conjunction with examples, but they shall not be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[46] Example 1

[47] The selenium nutrient medium includes the following raw materials by mass:

[48] The main material consists of: 50 g of sodium selenite, 10 g of organic silicon, 68 Kg of water and 100 Kg of wheat grains.

[49] The auxiliary material consists of: 20 Kg of corn cob, 30 Kg of rice husk, 10 Kg of sawdust, 5 Kg of soybean powder, 1.5 Kg of calcium carbonate, 1.5 Kg of calcium sulfate, 1.0 Kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.4 Kg of magnesium sulfate and 65 Kg of water.

[50] The preparation method is as follows:

[51] 1) Sodium selenite, the organic silicon and water are mixed to prepare a selenium nutrient solution, and then the selenium nutrient solution is soaked by the wheat grains until the wheat grains absorb the selenium nutrient solution completely, and the water content of the wheat grains reaches 46wt%, and then the wheat grains are stacked in a dark place at a temperature of 20-25°C until 80% of the wheat grains germinate.

[52] 2) The raw materials of the auxiliary material are mixed to dissolve, and then mixed with the germinated wheat grains, and the water content and the pH value are adjusted to 63wt% and 7.0 respectively.

[53] 3) The above-mentioned mixture is put into a polypropylene folding bag with a size of 13 cmx26 cm and having high temperature resistance for sterilization at a

temperature of 126°C for 120 min to make a sterile nutrient pack.

[54] The method for culturing the selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta is as follows: cutting 3~4 openings at a side of the nutrient pack, and the openings facing downwardly;

then putting the nutrient pack on the border growing with the net-like mycelium after

sowing Morchella esculenta spores for 10 days, so that the mycelium obtains the nutrients

from the nutrient pack for the growth and fruiting.

[55] The detection of selenium content is as follows:

[56] 1) Mycelium collection and sample preparation: the mycelium is equidistantly collected every 10 cm in 3 directions with the nutrient pack as the base, and 3

equidistantly-collected mycelium samples are combined into a mixed sample, 9

mycelium samples are totally collected to make into 3 mixed samples labelling with

sample No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3, to wash, dry, and crush.

[57] 2) The 3 mixed samples are sent to the National Quality Supervision and

Inspection Center for Selenium-enriched Products (Hubei Province) to detect the

selenium content. The detection results are that the selenium content of sample No. 1, No.

2, and No. 3 is 36.6 mg/Kg, 34.5 mg/Kg, and 29.2 mg/Kg respectively.

[58] The field culture of Morchella esculenta is as follows:

[59] XX Zhang builds a greenhouse with an area of 1.0 mu under the shade of high mountains at an altitude of 1,400 m in Lichuan City, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous

Prefecture, where there is sandy loam or loam soil as the cultivation plots with water

source, no accumulation of water and convenient for drainage. The method for culturing

the selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta of the present disclosure is used to culture

Morchella esculenta, fruiting after 40 days. Five fruit bodies of Morchella esculenta are

randomly collected, washed, dried, crushed, and detected. The result shows that the

selenium content is 1.244 mg/Kg. The amount of fresh Morchella esculenta harvested on

the land with the area of 1 mu is 315 Kg, and the income is more than RMB 63,000 yuan,

more than double the output of the traditional technique.

[60] Example 2

[61] The selenium nutrient medium includes the following raw materials by mass:

[62] The main material consists of: 60 g of Se-methyl-L-selenocysteine, 10 g of organic silicon, 68 Kg of water and 100 Kg of wheat grains.

[63] The auxiliary material consists of: 20 Kg of corn cob, 30 Kg of rice husk, 10 Kg of sawdust, 5 Kg of soybean powder, 1.5 Kg of calcium carbonate, 1.5 Kg of calcium

sulfate, 1.0 Kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.4 Kg of magnesium sulfate and 65

Kg of water.

[64] The preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[65] The method for culturing the selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta is the same as in Example 1, and the difference is that the selenium nutrient medium of Example 2 is

used.

[66] The collection of the mycelium and the sample preparation are the same as in Example 1, and the detection results are that the selenium content of sample No. 1, No.

2, and No. 3 is 30.5 mg/Kg, 25.7 mg/Kg, and 23.4 mg/Kg respectively.

[67] The field culture of Morchella esculenta is as follows:

[68] XX Liu builds a greenhouse with an area of 1.2 mu under the shade of high mountains at an altitude of 1,268 m in Qingjiang Village, Lichuan City, Enshi Tujia and

Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Hubei Province, where there is sandy loam or loam soil

as the cultivation plots with water source, no accumulation of water and convenient for

drainage. The method for culturing the selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta of the

present disclosure is used to culture Morchella esculenta, fruiting after 40 days. Five fruit

bodies of Morchella esculenta are randomly collected, washed, dried, crushed, and

detected. The result shows that the selenium content is 1.307 mg/Kg. The amount of fresh

Morchella esculenta harvested on the land with the area of 1.2 mu is 320 Kg, and the

income is more than RMB 60,000 yuan.

[69] Example 3

[70] The selenium nutrient medium includes the following raw materials by mass:

[71] The main material consists of: 30 g of selenomethionine, 30 g of Se-methyl-L

selenocysteine, 10 g of organic silicon, 68 Kg of water and 100 Kg of wheat grains.

[72] The auxiliary material consists of: 20 Kg of corn cob, 30 Kg of rice husk, 10 Kg of sawdust, 5 Kg of soybean powder, 1.5 Kg of calcium carbonate, 1.5 Kg of calcium

Kg of water.

[73] The preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[74] The method for culturing the selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta is the same as in Example 1, and the difference is that the selenium nutrient medium of Example 3 is

used.

[75] The collection of the mycelium and the sample preparation are the same as in Example 1, and the detection results are that the selenium content of sample No. 1, No.

2, and No. 3 is 39.4 mg/Kg, 35.5 mg/Kg, and 32.9 mg/Kg respectively.

[76] The field culture of Morchella esculenta is as follows:

[77] XX Yang builds a greenhouse with an area of 2.0 mu and having double-layer black mesh in an orchard. The method for culturing the selenium-enriched Morchella

esculenta of the present disclosure is used to culture Morchella esculenta, fruiting after

days. Five fruit bodies of Morchella esculenta are randomly collected, washed, dried,

crushed, and detected. The result shows that the selenium content is 1.718 mg/Kg. The

amount of fresh Morchella esculenta harvested on the land with the area of 2 mu is 1,250

Kg, and the income is RMB 140,000 yuan.

[78] The results of the above examples show that the selenium nutrient medium provided by the present disclosure can culture the selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta,

and the selenium content in the fruit body of Morchella esculenta is 1.244~1.718 mg/Kg.

Therefore, the fruit body of the cultured selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta can meet

the selenium content standard, and there is no soil pollution.

[79] Although the above examples describe the present disclosure in detail, they are only a part of the examples of the present disclosure, rather than all the examples. Other

examples made based on the examples of the present disclosure without creativity shall

fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[801 It is to be understood that, if any prior art publication is referred to herein, such

reference does not constitute an admission that the publication forms a part of the common general knowledge in the art, in Australia or any other country.

[811 In the claims which follow and in the preceding description of the invention, except where the context requires otherwise due to express language or necessary

implication, the word "comprise" or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising" is

used in an inclusive sense, i.e. to specify the presence of the stated features but not to

preclude the presence or addition of further features in various embodiments of the

invention.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A selenium nutrient medium, wherein, comprising the following raw materials in

parts by mass: 50~60 parts of a selenium nutrient, 6~15 parts of an organic silicon, 68,000

parts of water, and 1,000,000 parts of wheat grains.

2. The selenium nutrient medium according to claim 1, wherein, the selenium

nutrient consists of one or more of sodium selenite, selenomethionine, and Se-methyl-L

selenocysteine.

3. The selenium nutrient medium according to claim 1, wherein, the selenium

nutrient medium further comprises an auxiliary material which is composed of the

following raw materials in parts by mass: 15,000~25,000 parts of corn cob,

,000~35,000 parts of rice husk, 5,000~20,000 parts of sawdust, 3,000~70,000 parts of

soybean powder, 1,000~2,000 parts of calcium carbonate, 1,000~3,000 parts of calcium

sulfate, 500~1,500 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 200~600 parts of

magnesium sulfate, and 65,000 parts of water;

wherein, a water content of the selenium nutrient medium is 60wt%~67wt%, and a

pH value of the selenium nutrient medium is 6.5-7.5.

4. A preparation method of the selenium nutrient medium according to any one of

claims 1-3, wherein, comprising the following steps: mixing the selenium nutrient, the

organic silicon, and water, to obtain a selenium nutrient solution; soaking the wheat grains

with the selenium nutrient solution until the wheat grains absorb the selenium nutrient

solution completely; stacking the wheat grains absorbed with the selenium nutrient

solution to germinate, to obtain the selenium nutrient medium;

wherein, further comprising the following steps: mixing the raw materials of the

auxiliary material to obtain a dissolved auxiliary material; then mixing the dissolved

auxiliary material with the germinated wheat grains, and adjusting the water content and

the pH value.

5. A method for culturing selenium-enriched Morchella esculenta, wherein, the

selenium nutrient medium according to any one of claims 1~3 is used to culture Morchella

esculenta;

wherein, comprising the following steps: cutting openings at a side of a nutrient bag prepared by the selenium nutrient medium according to any one of claims 1~3, and the openings facing downwardly; then putting the nutrient bag on a border growing with a net-like mycelium after sowing Morchella esculenta spores for 8~12 days.