AU2021104980A4

AU2021104980A4 - Wave energy self-powered locating type liftable ecological buoy

Info

Publication number: AU2021104980A4
Application number: AU2021104980A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Shiming WANG; Zekun WANG; Fuxi Zhang
Original assignee: Shanghai Ocean University; Shanghai Marine Renewable Energy Engineering Technology Research Center
Current assignee: Shanghai Ocean University; Shanghai Marine Renewable Energy Engineering Technology Research Center
Priority date: 2021-08-05
Filing date: 2021-08-05
Publication date: 2021-09-30
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-05

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a wave energy self-powered locating type liftable ecological buoy, and belongs to the field of marine ecological buoys. The wave energy self-powered locating type liftable ecological buoy comprises a floating body, a flow guide cover and a lifting device, wherein a satellite antenna and a wind speed sensor are installed at the top of the floating body, a communication module, a linear power-generating device, a control module, a wave sensor, storage batteries and an electric motor are installed in a cavity of the floating body, and a tail vane and a propeller which are connected with a main shaft of the electric motor are installed at the tail of the floating body; the flow guide cover is attached to the bottom of the floating body and used for gathering wave flow; and the lifting device is installed below the flow guide cover, a cable retracting and releasing mechanism is installed in a shell of the lifting device, and the lifting device controls the length of a cable to achieve diving and floating of the buoy. The buoy can control the lifting device through the control module to achieve automatic control and adjustment according to the sea condition of a sea area where the buoy is located, can achieve self-power supply through wave energy, and can be suitable for various complex sea conditions. ABSTRACT DRAWING: Figure 1 -1/3 11 12 G9 110 2 3 FIG. 1 131 11 12 14 1 13 16 15 18 19 17- - - 10 132 -2 35 3 1 34::::: 33 FIG. 2

Description

-1/3

11 12

G9

110

2

3

FIG. 1

131 11 12 14 1 13 16

15 18

19

17- - - 10 132 -2

31 33 34:::::

FIG. 2

WAVE ENERGY SELF-POWERED LOCATING TYPE LIFTABLE ECOLOGICAL BUOY TECHNICAL FIELD

[01] The present disclosure relates to an ocean ecological buoy, and particularly relates to a wave energy self-powered locating type liftable ecological buoy.

BACKGROUNDART

[02] At present when the economy is rapidly developed, China pays more and more attention to ocean resource development, and the buoy is used as a pioneer for ocean resource development, detects complex sea conditions and ecological environments of different ocean places, provides important sea condition data and ecological data, and prepares for ocean resource development and ocean resource protection. The buoy floats on the sea surface, a common sensor cannot transmit ocean data of hundreds of meters to thousands of meters below the sea surface into the buoy, an underwater acoustic transmission technology is easy to distort, and measurement requirements are difficult to meet, so that the sensor is required to have a large-capacity storage function, and data of a section cutting plane of a whole water area can be measured and obtained. However, the existing buoy has some defects that the existing buoy is powered by carried storage batteries, and dozens of storage batteries are carried in order to prolong the service time of the buoy, so that the self-weight of the buoy is increased, the buoy is not easy to install and lay, and the abandoned batteries seriously pollute the ocean environment and are not beneficial to ocean environment protection.

[03] The sea area of China is broad, the wave energy is huge, the research on wave energy power supply in China has been started in the recent ten years, and the technology is mature at present and can be applied to the field of buoys. In the current mooring technology, most of anchor systems are loose, and under the pushing of sea waves, the buoy deviates from the original position, so that measurement data deviate, and the buoy is required to have a self-positioning function. Self-protection can be achieved under severe and complex sea conditions, and therefore the buoy must have a deep diving technology to a certain degree and can avoid severe weather such as typhoon and heavy waves.

SUMMARY

[04] The present disclosure provides a wave energy self-powered locating type liftable ecological buoy aiming at the problems, so that the buoy can be self-powered by utilizing wave energy and has the functions of self-locating, lifting and partial ecological data detection of ocean sections.

[05] The purpose of the present disclosure is realized as follows:

[06] The wave energy self-powered positioning type liftable ecological buoy comprises a floating body, a flow guide cover and a lifting device.

[07] The floating body is of a hollow structure, a satellite antenna and a wind speed sensor are installed at the top of the floating body, an upper supporting plate and a lower supporting plate are installed in a cavity of the floating body, a linear power-generating device is vertically installed in the center of the cavity of the floating body, the two ends of the linear power-generating device penetrate through the two supporting plates respectively, a communication module connected with the satellite antenna is installed above the linear power-generating device 13, a control module 15 and a wave sensor 16 are installed on the upper layer supporting plate, storage batteries 17 connected with the linear power-generating device 13 are installed on the lower layer supporting plate, a supporting table is further arranged at the tail end of the lower layer supporting plate, an electric motor 18 is installed on the supporting table, a main shaft of the electric motor 18 horizontally extends out of the floating body 1, and a tail vane 19 and a propeller 10 are installed at the tail end of the main shaft.

[08] The front end and the rear end of the flow guide cover are horn-shaped, connected with each other and attached to the bottom of the floating body, and the top ends of horn mouths at the two ends of the flow guide cover are connected with the head end and the tail end of the floating body respectively.

[09] The lifting device is provided with a hollow shell, the shell is installed below the flow guide cover, a cable retracting and releasing mechanism is installed in the shell, and the cable extends downwards from the shell and is sequentially provided with measuring sensors, an acoustic releaser and an anchor.

[10] Wherein, the linear power-generating device comprises an electric energy conversion mechanism and a sine push plate mechanism.

[11] The electric energy conversion mechanism is located in the floating body and comprises a stator iron core, an annular winding is embedded in the stator iron core, a piston cylinder is inserted into the center of the stator iron core, the annular winding surrounds the piston cylinder, a piston rod capable of moving in the axial direction of the piston cylinder is arranged in the piston cylinder, a plurality of permanent magnet magnetic poles are wound on the piston rod, N poles and S poles of the permanent magnet magnetic poles are mutually staggered to form a loop, a floating block is arranged at the end, extending out of the piston cylinder, of the piston rod, and the bottom of the floating block penetrates through the bottom of the floating body and extends into the flow guide cover.

[12] The sine push plate mechanism is located in the flow guide cover and is of a symmetrical structure along a main rod, the center of the main rod is sleeved with a floating ball, the two ends of the main rod are rotationally connected with two parallel telescopic horizontal rods towards the two sides in the direction vertical to the main rod respectively, support rods and push plates are respectively connected between the end parts of the two horizontal rods located on the same side of the main rod, array through holes are fully formed in the push plate, a fixed included angle is formed between the push plate and the horizontal rod, two ends of the support rod are respectively and fixedly connected with connecting rods, the connecting rods are used for fixing the sine push plate mechanism on the top of the flow guide cover, and the floating ball is located right below the floating block in the electric energy conversion mechanism.

[13] Wherein, the fixed included angle between the push plate and the horizontal rod is 1350.

[14] Wherein, the cable retracting and releasing mechanism comprises a motor, a winding shaft and an auxiliary shaft, the winding shaft and the auxiliary shaft are arranged in the horizontal direction and parallel to each other, a rotating shaft of the motor is sleeved with a driving gear, the winding shaft is sleeved with a transition gear, one end of the auxiliary shaft is sleeved with a driven gear, the other end of the auxiliary shaft is sleeved with a rope wheel, the driving gear, the transition gear and the driven gear are sequentially meshed and rotate, a single-lug ring is further arranged on the winding shaft, one end of the cable is tied to the single-lug ring, and the cable bypasses the rope wheel and then extends out of the shell.

[15] Wherein, the floating body is elliptical.

[16] Wherein, the anchor is provided with a steel chisel.

[17] The present disclosure has the beneficial effects that the buoy can control the lifting device through the control module to realize automatic control and adjustment according to the sea condition of a sea area where the buoy is located, and can realize self-power supply by utilizing wave energy.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[18] FIG. 1 is an external structural schematic diagram of the present disclosure.

[19] FIG. 2 is an internal structural schematic diagram of the present disclosure.

[20] FIG. 3 is an internal structural schematic diagram of an electric energy conversion mechanism.

[21] FIG. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a sine push plate mechanism.

[22] FIG. 5 is an internal structural schematic diagram of a lifting device.

DETAILED DESCRIPTIONOFTHE EMBODIMENTS

[23] The present disclosure is further described in conjunction with the specific embodiments and the attached figures.

[24] As shown in FIG. 1, a wave energy self-powered positioning type liftable ecological buoy comprises a floating body 1, a flow guide cover 2 and a lifting device 3.

[25] As shown in FIG. 2, the floating body 1 is of a hollow structure and is elliptical. In order to facilitate installation, an opening is formed in the top of the floating body 1, the opening is covered with an end cover, a satellite antenna 11 and a wind speed sensor 12 are installed on the end cover, a communication module 14 is installed below the end cover, and the communication module 14 is connected with the satellite antenna 11.

[26] An upper supporting plate and a lower supporting plate are installed in a cavity of the floating body 1, a linear power-generating device 13 is vertically installed in the center of the cavity of the floating body 1, the linear power-generating device 13 is located below the communication module 14, and the two ends of the linear power-generating device 13 penetrate through the two supporting plates respectively.

[27] The linear power-generating device 13 specifically comprises an electric energy conversion mechanism 131 and a sine push plate mechanism 132. As shown in FIG. 3, the electric energy conversion mechanism 131 is located in the floating body 1 and comprises a stator iron core 1311, an annular winding 1312 is embedded in the stator iron core 1311, a piston cylinder 1313 is inserted into the center of the stator iron core 1311, the annular winding 1312 surrounds the piston cylinder 1313, a piston rod 1314 capable of moving in the axial direction of the piston cylinder 1313 is arranged in the piston cylinder 1313, a plurality of permanent magnet magnetic poles 1315 are wound on the piston rod 1314, N poles and S poles of the permanent magnet magnetic poles 1315 are mutually staggered to form a loop, a floating block 1316 is arranged at the end, extending out of the piston cylinder 1313, of the piston rod 1314, and the bottom of the floating block 1316 penetrates through the bottom of the floating body 1 and extends into the flow guide cover 2. As shown in FIG. 4, the sine push plate mechanism 132 is located in the flow guide cover 2 and is of a symmetrical structure along a main rod 1321, the center of the main rod 1321 is sleeved with a floating ball 1322, the two ends of the main rod 1321 are rotationally connected with two parallel and telescopic horizontal rods 1323 towards the two sides in the direction vertical to the main rod 1321 respectively, support rods 1324 and push plates 1325 are respectively connected between the end parts of the two horizontal rods 1323 located on the same side of the main rod 1321, array through holes are fully formed in the push plate 1325, a fixed included angle is formed between the push plate 1325 and the horizontal rod 1323, two ends of the support rod

1324 are respectively and fixedly connected with connecting rods 1326, the connecting rods 1326 are used for fixing the sine push plate mechanism 132 on the top of the flow guide cover 2, and the floating ball 1322 is located right below the floating block 1316 in the electric energy conversion mechanism 131.

[28] A control module 15 and a wave sensor 16 are installed on the upper layer supporting plate and respectively located on the two sides of the linear power-generating device 13. Storage batteries 17 are installed on the lower layer supporting plate, here, the number of the storage batteries 17 is two, the storage batteries 17 are symmetrically installed along the two sides of the linear power-generating device 13, the two storage batteries 17 are connected with wires symmetrically led out from the annular winding 1312 in the linear power-generating device 13 respectively, and an electronic control switch is further installed on the wire.

[29] A supporting table is further arranged at the tail end of the lower layer supporting plate, an electric motor 18 is installed on the supporting table, a main shaft of the electric motor 18 horizontally extends out of the floating body 1, and a tail vane 19 and a propeller 10 are installed at the tail end of the main shaft.

[30] As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the front end and the rear end of the flow guide cover 2 are horn-shaped, connected with each other and attached to the bottom of the floating body 1, and the top ends of horn mouths at the two ends of the flow guide cover 2 are connected with the head end and the tail end of the floating body 1 respectively.

[31] The lifting device 3 is provided with a hollow shell 30, the shell 30 is installed below the flow guide cover 2, a cable retracting and releasing mechanism 31 is installed in the shell 30. As shown in FIG. 5, the cable retracting and releasing mechanism 31 specifically comprises an motor 311, a winding shaft 312 and an auxiliary shaft 313, the winding shaft 312 and the auxiliary shaft 313 are arranged in the horizontal direction and parallel to each other, a rotating shaft of the motor 311 is sleeved with a driving gear 314, the winding shaft 312 is sleeved with a transition gear 315, one end of the auxiliary shaft 313 is sleeved with a driven gear 316, the other end of the auxiliary shaft 313 is sleeved with a rope wheel 318, the driving gear 314, the transition gear 315 and the driven gear 316 are sequentially meshed and rotate, a single-lug ring 317 is further arranged on the winding shaft 312, one end of the cable 32 is tied to the single-lug ring 317, the cable 32 bypasses the rope wheel 318 and extends downwards from the shell 30, measuring sensors , an acoustic releaser 33 and an anchor 34 are sequentially installed at the end, extending out of the shell 30, of the cable 32, and the anchor 34 is further provided with a steel chisel.

[32] As the buoy needs to dive under special sea conditions, sealing measures are adopted for all connecting foundations.

[33] The buoy has the following functions:

[34] Firstly, self-power supply. When wave flow enters the flow guide cover 2, the wave flow can accelerate to impact the push plates 1325, so that the push plate 1325 at a wave flow inlet rotate inwards, and then the floating ball 1322 is pushed to move upwards to jack the floating block 1316 upwards; when the wave flow passes through the through holes in the push plate 1325 at the wave flow inlet, the wave flow continuously impacts the push plate 1325 at a wave flow outlet to enable the push plate 1325 to rotate outwards and then drive the floating ball 1322 to move downwards, and the floating block 1316 can automatically fall down, so that the piston rod 1314 integrally moves up and down along the piston cylinder 1313, the positions of the permanent magnetic poles 1315 on the piston rod 1314 change to cause magnetic flux change, current is formed in the annular winding 1312, and finally the current flows into the storage batteries 17 through the electronic control switches to achieve energy storage. In order to prevent the storage batteries 17 from overflowing in the current storage process, the two storage batteries 17 are subjected to energy storage in turn and are specifically controlled by the control module 15, when the control module 15 detects that the storage battery 17 on one side overflows, the electronic control switch on the side can be automatically turned off, and meanwhile, the electronic control switch on the other side is switched on, so that the storage battery 17 on the other side realizes energy storage.

[35] Secondly, automatic position returning. Due to the fact that the position of the buoy deviates under the action of sea waves and sea wind, The role of the tail vane 19 is to enable an opening of the flow guide cover 2 to always face the wave flow direction, and good hydrodynamic performance is obtained. When the buoy needs to return to the original position, the control module 15 sends an instruction to switch on the electric motor 18 to drive the propeller 10 to rotate, and the buoy is pushed to return in the original direction.

[36] Thirdly, a lifting function. Lifting of the buoy is achieved by forward and reverse rotation of the motor 311. When the motor 311 rotates counterclockwise, a filter gear 315 and the winding shaft 312 are driven to rotate clockwise, while the driven gear 316 and the rope wheel 318 synchronized therewith rotate counterclockwise, and at this time, the cable 32 is orderly wound around the winding shaft 312. When the motor 311 rotates counterclockwise, a filter gear 315 and the winding shaft 312 are driven to rotate clockwise, while the driven gear 316 and the rope wheel 318 synchronized therewith rotate counterclockwise, and at this time, the cable 32 is orderly wound around the winding shaft 312. When the motor 311 rotates clockwise, the buoy floats upward, as opposed to the foregoing.

[371 In order to preferably protect the buoy from damage in complex sea conditions, here, the lifting of the buoy is automatically controlled by the control module 15. When the wind speed sensor 12 and the wave sensor 16 detect abnormal wind waves, the control module 15 can construct the motor 311 to rotate anticlockwise, so that the buoy dives to 100 m underwater; and when the stormy waves are normal, the control module 15 can instruct the motor 311 to rotate clockwise, so that the buoy floats up to the water surface to work normally.

[38] Fourthly, sea water temperature salinity detection. The measuring sensors 35 are installed on the cable 32 and used for detecting data such as temperature, salinity, oxygen content and pollutants of sea water at a certain depth, and the measuring sensors 35 are specifically arranged in an array mode and have a storage function. In the data measurement process, the acoustic releaser 33 on the cable 32 can lock the cable 32, and after measurement is completed, the cable 32 can be automatically unlocked and retracted.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A wave energy self-powered locating type liftable ecological buoy, comprising a floating body (1), a flow guide cover (2) and a lifting device (3), wherein the floating body (1) is of a hollow structure, a satellite antenna (11) and a wind speed sensor (12) are installed at the top of the floating body (1), an upper supporting plate and a lower supporting plate are installed in a cavity of the floating body (1), a linear power-generating device (13) is vertically installed in the center of the cavity of the floating body (1), the two ends of the linear power-generating device (13) penetrate through the two supporting plates respectively, a communication module (14) connected with the satellite antenna (11) is installed above the linear power-generating device (13), a control module (15) and a wave sensor (16) are installed on the upper layer supporting plate, storage batteries (17) connected with the linear power-generating device (13) are installed on the lower layer supporting plate, a supporting table is further arranged at the tail end of the lower layer supporting plate, an electric motor (18) is installed on the supporting table, a main shaft of the electric motor (18) horizontally extends out of the floating body (1), and a tail vane (19) and a propeller (10) are installed at the tail end of the main shaft; the front end and the rear end of the flow guide cover (2) are horn-shaped, connected with each other and attached to the bottom of the floating body (1), and the top ends of horn mouths at the two ends of the flow guide cover (2) are connected with the head end and the tail end of the floating body (1) respectively; and the lifting device (3) is provided with a hollow shell (30), the shell (30) is installed below the flow guide cover (2), a cable retracting and releasing mechanism (31) is installed in the shell (30), and the cable (32) extends downwards from the shell (30) and is sequentially provided with measuring sensors (35), an acoustic releaser (33) and an anchor (34).

2. The wave energy self-powered locating type liftable ecological buoy according to claim 1, wherein the linear power-generating device (13) comprises an electric energy conversion mechanism (131) and a sine push plate mechanism (132); the electric energy conversion mechanism (131) is located in the floating body (1) and comprises a stator iron core (1311), an annular winding (1312) is embedded in the stator iron core (1311), a piston cylinder (1313) is inserted into the center of the stator iron core (1311), the annular winding (1312) surrounds the piston cylinder (1313), a piston rod (1314) capable of moving in the axial direction of the piston cylinder (1313) is arranged in the piston cylinder (1313), a plurality of permanent magnet magnetic poles (1315) are wound on the piston rod (1314), N poles and S poles of the permanent magnet magnetic poles (1315) are mutually staggered to form a loop, a floating block (1316) is arranged at the end, extending out of the piston cylinder (1313), of the piston rod (1314), and the bottom of the floating block (1316) penetrates through the bottom of the floating body (1) and extends into the flow guide cover (2); and the sine push plate mechanism (132) is located in the flow guide cover (2) and is of a symmetrical structure along a main rod (1321), the center of the main rod (1321) is sleeved with a floating ball (1322), the two ends of the main rod (1321) are rotationally connected with two parallel and telescopic horizontal rods (1323) towards the two sides in the direction vertical to the main rod (1321) respectively, support rods (1324) and push plates (1325) are respectively connected between the end parts of the two horizontal rods (1323) located on the same side of the main rod (1321), array through holes are fully formed in the push plate (1325), a fixed included angle is formed between the push plate (1325) and the horizontal rod (1323), two ends of the support rod (1324) are respectively and fixedly connected with connecting rods (1326), the connecting rods (1326) are used for fixing the sine push plate mechanism (132) on the top of the flow guide cover (2), and the floating ball (1322) is located right below the floating block (1316) in the electric energy conversion mechanism (131); wherein the fixed included angle between the push plate (1325) and the horizontal rod (1323) is 1350.

3. The wave energy self-powered locating type liftable ecological buoy according to claim 1, wherein the cable retracting and releasing mechanism (31) comprises a motor (311), a winding shaft (312) and an auxiliary shaft (313), the winding shaft (312) and the auxiliary shaft (313) are arranged in the horizontal direction and parallel to each other, a rotating shaft of the motor (311) is sleeved with a driving gear (314), the winding shaft (312) is sleeved with a transition gear (315), one end of the auxiliary shaft (313) is sleeved with a driven gear (316), the other end of the auxiliary shaft (313) is sleeved with a rope wheel (318), the driving gear (314), the transition gear (315) and the driven gear (316) are sequentially meshed and rotate, a single-lug ring (317) is further arranged on the winding shaft (312), one end of the cable (32) is tied to the single-lug ring (317), and the cable (32) bypasses the rope wheel (318) and then extends out of the shell (30).

4. The wave energy self-powered locating type liftable ecological buoy according to claim 1, wherein the floating body (1) is elliptical.

5. The wave energy self-powered locating type liftable ecological buoy according to claim 1, wherein the anchor (34) is provided with a steel chisel.

FIG. 2 FIG. 1 －1/3－

FIG. 4 FIG. 3 －2/3－

FIG. 5 －3/3－