ATE454162T1 - Botulinum toxin zur behandlung von magengeschwür und gastroösophagealen reflux - Google Patents

Botulinum toxin zur behandlung von magengeschwür und gastroösophagealen reflux

Info

Publication number
ATE454162T1
ATE454162T1 AT03778117T AT03778117T ATE454162T1 AT E454162 T1 ATE454162 T1 AT E454162T1 AT 03778117 T AT03778117 T AT 03778117T AT 03778117 T AT03778117 T AT 03778117T AT E454162 T1 ATE454162 T1 AT E454162T1
Authority
AT
Austria
Prior art keywords
botulinum toxin
gastroesophageal reflux
treatment
stomach ulcer
methods
Prior art date
Application number
AT03778117T
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Richard Barron
Original Assignee
Allergan Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Allergan Inc filed Critical Allergan Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ATE454162T1 publication Critical patent/ATE454162T1/de

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2068—Compounds of unknown constitution, e.g. material from plants or animals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
    • A61K35/66—Microorganisms or materials therefrom
    • A61K35/74—Bacteria
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/43—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/46—Hydrolases (3)
    • A61K38/48—Hydrolases (3) acting on peptide bonds (3.4)
    • A61K38/4886—Metalloendopeptidases (3.4.24), e.g. collagenase
    • A61K38/4893—Botulinum neurotoxin (3.4.24.69)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2013—Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats
    • A61K9/2018—Sugars, or sugar alcohols, e.g. lactose, mannitol; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/2063—Proteins, e.g. gelatin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
AT03778117T 2002-11-05 2003-11-03 Botulinum toxin zur behandlung von magengeschwür und gastroösophagealen reflux ATE454162T1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/288,734 US7238357B2 (en) 2002-11-05 2002-11-05 Methods for treating ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease
PCT/US2003/035199 WO2004041303A1 (en) 2002-11-05 2003-11-03 Oral formulation or botulinum toxin and use thereof for treating peptic ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ATE454162T1 true ATE454162T1 (de) 2010-01-15

Family

ID=32175959

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AT03778117T ATE454162T1 (de) 2002-11-05 2003-11-03 Botulinum toxin zur behandlung von magengeschwür und gastroösophagealen reflux

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US7238357B2 (enExample)
EP (1) EP1558279B1 (enExample)
JP (1) JP4808404B2 (enExample)
KR (1) KR101072179B1 (enExample)
CN (1) CN100349613C (enExample)
AT (1) ATE454162T1 (enExample)
AU (1) AU2003286901B2 (enExample)
BR (1) BR0315979A (enExample)
CA (1) CA2504932A1 (enExample)
DE (1) DE60330889D1 (enExample)
DK (1) DK1558279T3 (enExample)
ES (1) ES2337892T3 (enExample)
MX (1) MXPA05004629A (enExample)
NZ (1) NZ539170A (enExample)
WO (1) WO2004041303A1 (enExample)

Families Citing this family (62)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1365800B1 (en) * 2000-06-28 2013-03-06 Ira Sanders Methods for using tetanus toxin for benificial purposes in animals (mammals)
US7691394B2 (en) * 2002-05-28 2010-04-06 Botulinum Toxin Research Associates, Inc. High-potency botulinum toxin formulations
US7844338B2 (en) 2003-02-03 2010-11-30 Enteromedics Inc. High frequency obesity treatment
US7167750B2 (en) * 2003-02-03 2007-01-23 Enteromedics, Inc. Obesity treatment with electrically induced vagal down regulation
US7613515B2 (en) * 2003-02-03 2009-11-03 Enteromedics Inc. High frequency vagal blockage therapy
US20040172084A1 (en) * 2003-02-03 2004-09-02 Knudson Mark B. Method and apparatus for treatment of gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD)
US20040226556A1 (en) * 2003-05-13 2004-11-18 Deem Mark E. Apparatus for treating asthma using neurotoxin
US20040253274A1 (en) * 2003-06-11 2004-12-16 Allergan, Inc. Use of a clostridial toxin to reduce appetite
US7811584B2 (en) * 2004-06-30 2010-10-12 Allergan, Inc. Multivalent clostridial toxins
US7514088B2 (en) * 2005-03-15 2009-04-07 Allergan, Inc. Multivalent Clostridial toxin derivatives and methods of their use
EP1982997B1 (en) 2004-09-01 2012-08-08 Allergan, Inc. Degradable clostridial toxins
US20060073208A1 (en) * 2004-10-01 2006-04-06 Allergan, Inc. Cosmetic neurotoxin compositions and methods
JP2008535486A (ja) 2005-03-15 2008-09-04 アラーガン、インコーポレイテッド クロストリジウム毒素標的細胞に対する改変された標的能力を有する修飾クロストリジウム毒素
US8105611B2 (en) * 2005-06-17 2012-01-31 Allergan, Inc. Treatment of autoimmune disorder with a neurotoxin
EP1906923B1 (en) 2005-07-22 2018-01-24 The Foundry, LLC Systems and methods for delivery of a therapeutic agent
US12433837B2 (en) 2005-07-22 2025-10-07 The Foundry, Llc Systems and methods for delivery of a therapeutic agent
US9511210B2 (en) * 2006-05-19 2016-12-06 The Foundry, Llc Apparatus for toxin delivery to the nasal cavity
US10052465B2 (en) 2005-07-22 2018-08-21 The Foundry, Llc Methods and systems for toxin delivery to the nasal cavity
US8323666B2 (en) 2005-08-01 2012-12-04 Allergan, Inc. Botulinum toxin compositions
US7822486B2 (en) * 2005-08-17 2010-10-26 Enteromedics Inc. Custom sized neural electrodes
US7672727B2 (en) * 2005-08-17 2010-03-02 Enteromedics Inc. Neural electrode treatment
US7910116B2 (en) * 2005-08-24 2011-03-22 Allergan, Inc. Use of a botulinum toxin to improve gastric emptying and/or to treat GERD
JP4491404B2 (ja) * 2005-11-07 2010-06-30 住友電工ハードメタル株式会社 刃先交換式チップと刃先交換式隅削りフライスカッタ
US20080092910A1 (en) * 2006-10-18 2008-04-24 Allergan, Inc. Apparatus and method for treating obesity using neurotoxins in conjunction with bariatric procedures
US20080281365A1 (en) * 2007-05-09 2008-11-13 Tweden Katherine S Neural signal duty cycle
US9044477B2 (en) * 2007-12-12 2015-06-02 Allergan, Inc. Botulinum toxin formulation
US8483831B1 (en) 2008-02-15 2013-07-09 Holaira, Inc. System and method for bronchial dilation
US8470337B2 (en) * 2008-03-13 2013-06-25 Allergan, Inc. Therapeutic treatments using botulinum neurotoxin
EP4166107A1 (en) 2008-05-09 2023-04-19 Nuvaira, Inc. Systems, assemblies, and methods for treating a bronchial tree
US8506970B2 (en) * 2008-10-14 2013-08-13 Dt Scimed, Llc Dose and localization of botulinum toxins in skin and muscle
CA2745657C (en) 2008-12-04 2022-06-21 Botulinum Toxin Research Associates, Inc. Extended length botulinum toxin formulation for human or mammalian use
US8753124B2 (en) * 2009-02-15 2014-06-17 Cheryl Lynn Evans Method and apparatus for prescribing and preparing a reproducible and customized dysphagia diet
US9858831B2 (en) 2009-02-15 2018-01-02 Cheryl L. Evans Method for determining and prescribing quantifiable and customized diet for patient suffering from dysphagia
US8936471B2 (en) * 2009-02-15 2015-01-20 Cheryl L. Evans Flow rate measuring device
WO2011038015A1 (en) 2009-09-24 2011-03-31 Allergan, Inc. Method of treating osteoporosis with a neurotoxin
CN104042322B (zh) 2009-10-27 2017-06-06 赫莱拉公司 具有可冷却的能量发射组件的递送装置
WO2011060200A1 (en) 2009-11-11 2011-05-19 Innovative Pulmonary Solutions, Inc. Systems, apparatuses, and methods for treating tissue and controlling stenosis
US8911439B2 (en) 2009-11-11 2014-12-16 Holaira, Inc. Non-invasive and minimally invasive denervation methods and systems for performing the same
US8825164B2 (en) 2010-06-11 2014-09-02 Enteromedics Inc. Neural modulation devices and methods
US20120244188A1 (en) * 2011-03-25 2012-09-27 Allergan, Inc. Treatment of Sensory Disturbance Disorders
US8697090B2 (en) 2011-05-05 2014-04-15 Allergan, Inc. Method of treating persistent genital arousal disorder with a neurotoxin
US9393291B2 (en) 2012-04-12 2016-07-19 Botulinum Toxin Research Associates, Inc. Use of botulinum toxin for the treatment of cerebrovascular disease, renovascular and retinovascular circulatory beds
EP2649984A1 (en) 2012-04-13 2013-10-16 Lipotec, S.A. Compounds which inhibit neuronal exocytosis
EP2836193B1 (en) 2012-04-13 2018-01-31 Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Compounds which inhibit neuronal exocytosis (ii)
EP2649985A1 (en) 2012-04-13 2013-10-16 Lipotec, S.A. Compounds which inhibit neuronal exocytosis (III)
EP2649983A1 (en) 2012-04-13 2013-10-16 Lipotec, S.A. Compounds which inhibit neuronal exocytosis (II)
US9005628B2 (en) 2012-10-04 2015-04-14 Dublin City University Biotherapy for pain
US9398933B2 (en) 2012-12-27 2016-07-26 Holaira, Inc. Methods for improving drug efficacy including a combination of drug administration and nerve modulation
GB201312317D0 (en) 2013-07-09 2013-08-21 Syntaxin Ltd Cationic neurotoxins
US10149893B2 (en) 2013-09-24 2018-12-11 Allergan, Inc. Methods for modifying progression of osteoarthritis
US9216210B2 (en) 2013-12-23 2015-12-22 Dublin City University Multiprotease therapeutics for chronic pain
US11484580B2 (en) 2014-07-18 2022-11-01 Revance Therapeutics, Inc. Topical ocular preparation of botulinum toxin for use in ocular surface disease
US9901627B2 (en) 2014-07-18 2018-02-27 Revance Therapeutics, Inc. Topical ocular preparation of botulinum toxin for use in ocular surface disease
DK3242884T3 (da) 2015-01-09 2021-04-19 Ipsen Bioinnovation Ltd Kationiske neurotoksiner
GB201517450D0 (en) 2015-10-02 2015-11-18 Ipsen Biopharm Ltd Method
GB201607901D0 (en) 2016-05-05 2016-06-22 Ipsen Biopharm Ltd Chimeric neurotoxins
EP3263710A1 (en) 2016-07-01 2018-01-03 Ipsen Biopharm Limited Production of activated clostridial neurotoxins
WO2018060351A1 (en) 2016-09-29 2018-04-05 Ipsen Biopharm Limited Hybrid neurotoxins
EP3758611B1 (en) 2018-02-26 2024-07-24 Ipsen Biopharm Limited Ultrasound apparatus to guide injection of non-cytotoxic protease
GB202103372D0 (en) 2021-03-11 2021-04-28 Ipsen Biopharm Ltd Modified clostridial neurotoxins
WO2023097181A1 (en) * 2021-11-23 2023-06-01 AEON Biopharma, Inc. Neurotoxin compositions for use in treating digestive disorders
GB202318884D0 (en) 2023-12-11 2024-01-24 Ipsen Biopharm Ltd Formulation

Family Cites Families (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4959384A (en) * 1985-10-24 1990-09-25 Norwich Eaton Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Use of nitrofurantoin for the treatment and prophylaxis of gastrointestinal disorders
US5219998A (en) * 1990-06-04 1993-06-15 Levin Robert H Yeast-derived epidermal growth factor
US5174468A (en) * 1991-01-30 1992-12-29 Holderman Lisa A Trash organizer
GB9120306D0 (en) * 1991-09-24 1991-11-06 Graham Herbert K Method and compositions for the treatment of cerebral palsy
JP3510886B2 (ja) 1992-06-23 2004-03-29 ボツリヌム トキシン リサーチ アソシエイト インコーポレイテッド ボツリヌスｂ複合体を含有する医薬組成物
US5437291A (en) * 1993-08-26 1995-08-01 Univ Johns Hopkins Method for treating gastrointestinal muscle disorders and other smooth muscle dysfunction
EP1790352B1 (en) 1993-12-28 2008-07-09 Allergan, Inc. Use of botulinum toxin for the manufacture of a medicament for reducing low back pain
US6974578B1 (en) * 1993-12-28 2005-12-13 Allergan, Inc. Method for treating secretions and glands using botulinum toxin
US5766605A (en) * 1994-04-15 1998-06-16 Mount Sinai School Of Medicine Of The City University Of New York Treatment of autonomic nerve dysfunction with botulinum toxin
PT1086702E (pt) * 1994-05-09 2005-08-31 William J Binder Neurotoxinas pre-sinapticas para tratamento da dor de cabeca devida a enxaqueca
US5670484A (en) * 1994-05-09 1997-09-23 Binder; William J. Method for treatment of skin lesions associated with cutaneous cell-proliferative disorders
US6405732B1 (en) * 1994-06-24 2002-06-18 Curon Medical, Inc. Method to treat gastric reflux via the detection and ablation of gastro-esophageal nerves and receptors
PT702085E (pt) * 1994-07-18 2004-04-30 Karl Klaus Conzelmann Virus de arn de cadeia negativa nao segmentada infeccioso recombinante
US5571116A (en) * 1994-10-02 1996-11-05 United States Surgical Corporation Non-invasive treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease
GB9508204D0 (en) * 1995-04-21 1995-06-07 Speywood Lab Ltd A novel agent able to modify peripheral afferent function
US6299839B1 (en) * 1995-08-31 2001-10-09 First Medical, Inc. System and methods for performing rotor assays
JP3506172B2 (ja) * 1997-03-13 2004-03-15 信越半導体株式会社 半導体ウェーハのエッチング方法
EP1475099B2 (en) * 1997-07-15 2014-04-09 The Regents of the University of Colorado Use of botulinum toxin to treat urinary incontinence
US6063768A (en) * 1997-09-04 2000-05-16 First; Eric R. Application of botulinum toxin to the management of neurogenic inflammatory disorders
US6113915A (en) * 1999-10-12 2000-09-05 Allergan Sales, Inc. Methods for treating pain
US6265379B1 (en) * 1999-10-13 2001-07-24 Allergan Sales, Inc. Method for treating otic disorders
US6139845A (en) * 1999-12-07 2000-10-31 Allergan Sales, Inc. Method for treating cancer with a neurotoxin
US6143306A (en) * 2000-01-11 2000-11-07 Allergan Sales, Inc. Methods for treating pancreatic disorders
US6521255B2 (en) * 2000-01-13 2003-02-18 Osmotica Corp. Osmotic device containing ranitidine and a prokinetic agent
EP1514556B1 (en) 2000-02-08 2011-08-10 Allergan, Inc. Botulinum toxin pharmaceutical compositions
US6358513B1 (en) * 2000-02-15 2002-03-19 Allergan Sales, Inc. Method for treating Hashimoto's thyroiditis
US6328977B1 (en) * 2000-02-22 2001-12-11 Allergan Sales, Inc. Method for treating hyperparathyroidism
US6464986B1 (en) * 2000-04-14 2002-10-15 Allegan Sales, Inc. Method for treating pain by peripheral administration of a neurotoxin
US6306423B1 (en) * 2000-06-02 2001-10-23 Allergan Sales, Inc. Neurotoxin implant
US6306403B1 (en) * 2000-06-14 2001-10-23 Allergan Sales, Inc. Method for treating parkinson's disease with a botulinum toxin
US6423319B1 (en) * 2000-10-04 2002-07-23 Allergan Sales, Inc. Methods for treating muscle injuries
EP1334729A1 (en) 2002-02-07 2003-08-13 Botulinum Toxin Research Associates, Inc. Therapeutic use of non-neurotoxic clostridium botulinum toxin type C2

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20040086531A1 (en) 2004-05-06
ES2337892T3 (es) 2010-04-30
AU2003286901A1 (en) 2004-06-07
US7238357B2 (en) 2007-07-03
KR101072179B1 (ko) 2011-10-10
WO2004041303A1 (en) 2004-05-21
JP4808404B2 (ja) 2011-11-02
KR20050084657A (ko) 2005-08-26
WO2004041303B1 (en) 2004-10-14
NZ539170A (en) 2007-08-31
DE60330889D1 (de) 2010-02-25
DK1558279T3 (da) 2010-05-03
AU2003286901B2 (en) 2008-06-12
EP1558279B1 (en) 2010-01-06
MXPA05004629A (es) 2005-06-08
BR0315979A (pt) 2005-09-20
CA2504932A1 (en) 2004-05-21
CN1711103A (zh) 2005-12-21
JP2006512316A (ja) 2006-04-13
CN100349613C (zh) 2007-11-21
EP1558279A1 (en) 2005-08-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
ATE454162T1 (de) Botulinum toxin zur behandlung von magengeschwür und gastroösophagealen reflux
DE60142590D1 (de) Verwendung von Botulinum Toxin zur Behandlung von post-operative Schmerzen
ATE514430T1 (de) Behandlung des alpha-galactosidase a mangels
DE60215787D1 (de) Behandlung von typ ii diabetes mit dipeptidyl-peptidase-iv-hemmern
DE60133029D1 (de) Mittel zur prävention oder behandlung von psoriasi
ATE522229T1 (de) Anti-ngf-antikörper zur behandlung verschiedener erkrankungen
DE60115842D1 (de) Ventilanordnung
PL374865A1 (en) Treatment of tnf alpha related disorders
DE60138129D1 (de) Apparat zur behandlung von zähnen
ATE127474T1 (de) Neue peptidasen und isomerasen-inhibitoren.
DE60137631D1 (de) Ireovirus antikörpern zur behandlung von ras-vermittelten, proliferativen erkrankungen
ATE331527T1 (de) Verfahren zur behandlung von brustdrüsenerkrankungen
DK0807125T3 (da) Monoklonale antistoffer mod CD6 til behandling og diagnosticering af psoriasis
ATE519499T1 (de) Lactoferrin bei der behandlung maligner neoplasien und anderer hyperproliferativer erkrankungen
DE60212613D1 (de) Doxycyclin zur behandlung von akne
ATE347898T1 (de) Botulinustoxine zur behandlung von priapismus
ATE424825T1 (de) Behandlung von hyperaktivitätsstörungen und aufmerksamkeitsdefiziten
DE60333205D1 (de) Histaminika zur behandlung von allergischer rhinitis
EP1441761A4 (en) Methods of preventing and treating flavivirus infection in animals
DK1558580T3 (da) N-sulfonyl-4-methylenamino-3-hydroxy-2-pyridoner
TR200402230T4 (tr) O-ikameli 6-metil-tramadol-türevleri
ATE406171T1 (de) Aplidine zur behandlung von multiplem myelom
ATE359808T1 (de) Verwendung von sarp-1 zur behandlung und/oder vorbeugung von scleroderma
ATE252383T1 (de) Verwendung von 2-methyl-thiazolidin-2,4- dicarbonsäure und / oder ihrer physiologisch verträglichen salze zur herstellung eines medikaments zur behandlung von krebserkrankungen
EP1056458A4 (en) PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF PAIN, ESPECIALLY CHRONIC PAIN SPECIFIC TO WOMEN

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
RER Ceased as to paragraph 5 lit. 3 law introducing patent treaties