AT520712A1 - Method for adjusting the distance between two tool components of an extrusion press - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for adjusting the spacing between two tool components of an extrusion press (1) for producing profiles (2) from a deformable extruded material (3) in which a first distance value between a first tool component and a distance measuring device (37) is determined and this in a control - And / or regulating device (36) is deposited. A second Werkzeugkopmonente is applied to the first tool component and moved away by a first adjustment of this. Subsequently, further distance values between the first tool component and the distance measuring device (37) are determined and a distance difference value is formed from the first distance value minus one of the further distance values. It is then determined whether an actual value of a gap width lies within a desired value range stored in the control and / or regulating device and adjusts the second tool component accordingly.

Description

Summary

The invention relates to a method for regulating the distance between two tool components of an extrusion machine (1) for producing profiles (2) from a formable extruded material (3), in which a first distance value between a first tool component and a distance measuring device (37) is determined and the latter in a control - And / or control device (36) is deposited. A second tool component is placed on the first tool component and moved away from it by a first adjustment path. Subsequently, further distance values between the first tool component and the distance measuring device (37) are determined and a distance difference value is formed from the first distance value minus one of the further distance values. It is then determined whether an actual value of a gap width lies within a target value range stored in the control and / or regulating device and adjusts the second tool component accordingly.

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The invention relates to a method for controlling the distance between two tool components of an extrusion machine for the continuous production of profiles from a formable extrusion. The invention also relates to a method for changing a friction wheel of an extrusion machine that is connected to a drive device and an extrusion machine equipped for this purpose for the continuous production of profiles from a formable extrusion.

An extrusion machine of the generic type has become known from WO 2015/070274 A1. The extrusion machine is used for the continuous production of profiles from a formable extrusion and comprises a base frame, a friction wheel rotatable about a drive axis, a tool holding device, a locking device and a tool unit supported on the tool holding device. The tool holding device is mounted on a pivot axis held on the base frame and can be pivoted between a working position and a release position. The locking device holds the tool holding device in its working position. The tool unit is also received in a receiving chamber arranged in the tool holding device and comprises a stripping element arranged in a stripping area. In this extrusion machine, a measuring device for direct determination of the actual gap width in the area between the friction wheel and the tool unit with its stripping element is described, which, however, could not be implemented in practice in this form. Furthermore, an overload of the machine could only be recognized when damage occurred to it. It was also not possible to minimize or prevent the oxygen uptake in the material to be formed during the forming operation. It was a possibility of / 55

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Friction wheel change by dismantling a portion of the drive shaft, but the accessibility and the associated manageability of the friction wheel to be changed was not sufficient.

The object of the present invention was to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a method and an extrusion machine by means of which a user is able to carry out the extrusion machine safely and economically. In addition or independently of this, it should also be possible to achieve a higher quality of the profile produced. In addition, changing the friction wheel should also be made easier and less dangerous for the operator.

These tasks are solved by methods and an extrusion machine according to the claims.

The invention relates to a method for regulating the distance between two tool components of an extrusion machine, the extrusion machine being used for the continuous production of profiles from a deformable extruded material, and at least the following method steps are carried out:

Determining or setting a first distance value between a first tool component and a distance measuring device,

Depositing the first distance value in a control and / or regulating device,

- Approaching and delivering a second tool component to the stationary first tool component until the second tool component rests on the first tool component;

- Moving away the second tool component bearing on the first tool component by a first adjustment path stored in the control and / or regulating device and thereby forming a gap between the first tool component and the second tool component with a base gap width;

- Commissioning of the extrusion machine and feeding the strand / 55

A2017 / 50469-AT-02 extruded material into the extrusion machine for the first tool component and forming the extruded material into the profile;

further determination of further distance values between the first tool component and the distance measuring device in the forming operation of the extrusion machine,

Forming a distance difference value from the first distance value minus one of the further distance values,

Calculating an actual value of a gap width between the first tool component and the second tool component, the distance difference value being subtracted from the value of the base gap width,

Determining whether the actual value of the gap width lies within a range of values stored in the control device with a lower target value of the gap width and an upper target value of the gap width,

- Moving the second tool component away from the first tool component when the lower setpoint of the gap width is undershot or adding the second tool component in the direction of the first tool component when the upper setpoint value of the gap width is exceeded.

It is advantageous in the method steps selected here that, based on the determination of the distance value between the first tool component and the distance measuring device, a base distance value can be defined which serves as a reference for temperature-related changes in length of the first tool component. Due to the temperature-related dimensional change, namely an increase in the same, further distance values are subsequently determined in the current forming operation in order to obtain a conclusion about the actual dimension of this tool component. If the base gap width is also set in an initial state, in which the extrusion machine and the tool components have a low temperature, in particular ambient temperature, the gap width can be readjusted during ongoing forming operation on the basis of the determined actual value of the gap width. Collisions between relatively moving tool components of the extrusion machine can thus be prevented or avoided.

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The first determination or determination of the first distance value can also be referred to as a calibration step in order to form a reference basis for the subsequent steps or method features. The adjustment and adjustment of the gap width can also be referred to as an adjustment step.

A procedure is also advantageous in which the determination of the first distance value is carried out at an initial temperature of the first tool component in a temperature range between 10 ° C. and 40 ° C. This ensures that the first tool component in its “cold state” has the usual dimensions without a temperature-related change in length.

Another advantageous procedure is characterized in that the first tool component is formed by a friction wheel of the extrusion machine. The first tool component is thus defined as a rotating component, which is used to introduce the necessary forming temperature into the extruded material to be formed.

A variant of the method is also advantageous, in which the second tool component is formed by a tool unit accommodated in a tool holding device and held in position in the tool holding device with at least one stripping element facing the first tool component, in particular the friction wheel. This enables a clear reference to be made between the two tool components for the column setting.

Another procedure is characterized in that the tool units are each designed or constructed in their longitudinal extension, starting from the stripping element up to a tool end surface spaced apart therefrom in the direction of passage of the manufactured profile, with an identical longitudinal dimension. This means that a clear, recurring, uniform, longitudinal extension of tool units can be defined during construction. The adjustment effort of different tool units in the tool holding device can thus be simplified, since the stripping element is always arranged in the same relative position with respect to the tool holding device.

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Furthermore, a procedure is advantageous in which the tool holding device is pivotally mounted about a pivot axis held on a base frame and is pivotable between a working position and a release position. This means that a tool change can easily be carried out in the release position.

A further advantageous procedure is characterized in that when the second tool component, in particular the tool unit, is in contact with the first tool component, in particular the friction wheel, a basic angular position of the tool holding device with respect to the base frame is determined and is stored in the control and / or regulating device. As a result, a relatively constantly recurring basic position of the tool holding device with respect to the base frame can be determined and used as a reference for subsequent adjustment processes and adjustment processes.

A variant of the method is also advantageous in which, after the second tool component, in particular the tool unit, has been moved away, a setpoint angle position is determined by the first tool component, in particular the friction wheel, and is stored in the control and / or regulating device. This allows the predetermined angular position of the “cold” extrusion machine “to be determined and recorded before the extrusion machine is put into operation for the forming process.

Another procedure is characterized in that after a tool change of the second tool component, in particular the tool unit, and when the first tool component, in particular the friction wheel, has come to a standstill, the tool holding device together with the second tool component is pivoted from its release position in the direction of the working position, until the relative base angular position between the tool holding device and the base frame is reached and the second tool component, in particular the tool unit, is brought into contact with the first tool component, in particular the friction wheel. It can be checked / 55

A2017 / 50469-AT-02 and check whether the specified base angle position is reached or not when the second tool component is mechanically in contact with the first tool component.

Furthermore, a procedure is advantageous in which when the second tool component, in particular the tool unit, is in contact with the first tool component, in particular the friction wheel, an error handling routine is started by the control and regulating device before the relative base angle position between the tool holding device and the base frame is reached becomes. Damage to the machine can thus be avoided, which can be quickly and easily ascertained by an otherwise incorrect positioning of the second tool component in the tool holding device and which can be remedied and eliminated even before the start-up.

A further advantageous procedure is characterized in that the second tool component is formed by a scraper device with a scraper element. This makes it possible to be able to align and adjust a further tool component in relation to the first tool component. In the present example, this concerns the scraper device with its scraper element.

A variant of the method is also advantageous, in which the scraper element is applied to the first tool component, in particular to the friction wheel, when approaching and delivering in the direction of the first tool component. This means that the scraper element can also be positioned on its own and the gap adjustment can thus be carried out exactly.

However, the invention also relates to a method for changing a friction wheel, which friction wheel is in drive connection with a drive device and is rotatable about a drive axis defined by a drive shaft. The method can include at least the following steps:

Uncoupling a coupling device located between a first bearing device and a base frame of the extrusion machine and thereby adjusting it from its coupling position to its decoupling position, / 55

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relative displacement of the first bearing device together with the friction wheel held thereon along a guide arrangement arranged or formed on at least one cantilever arm in a parallel direction with respect to the drive axis of the drive shaft,

Removing the friction wheel to be changed from the first bearing device and arranging another friction wheel on the first bearing device,

Moving the first bearing device back along the guide arrangement arranged or formed on the at least one cantilever arm in the direction of the base frame,

- Coupling the first bearing device to the base frame and thereby converting the coupling device from its decoupling position to its coupling position.

This procedure has the advantage that the accessibility to the friction wheel to be changed can be significantly improved, since the entire first bearing device and also the drive wheel can be adjusted from the working position inside the base frame to a change position outside the base frame. For this purpose, the first bearing device can be completely removed from the drive shaft, as a result of which the friction wheel is also removed from the drive shaft and arranged at a distance. In order to be able to carry out an exact adjustment movement of the first bearing device relative to the drive shaft, a separate arm, in particular a cantilever arm, is provided with a guide arrangement, which is used for holding and supporting the first bearing device during the relative adjustment movement. By means of the coupling device, it is possible to keep the entire first bearing device in a fixed position on the base frame. For this purpose, an associated structural unit of the base frame with the drive unit and the bearing unit, in particular the displaceable first bearing device, can be created in the operating state. By moving or moving the first storage device together with the friction wheel from its working position within the base frame, access and the use of aids to carry out the friction wheel changing process can be facilitated even with larger and heavier friction wheels, possibly together with the driving rings, the operating personnel / 55

A2017 / 50469-AT-02. This also reduces the risk of accidents and increases user friendliness. Furthermore, this also enables a faster friction wheel change and can be carried out.

Furthermore, a procedure is advantageous in which the drive shaft and a second bearing device supporting the drive shaft remain stationary on the base frame during the friction wheel change process. This enables the drive shaft to be mounted on the base frame in a floating manner during the friction wheel change process, with which an adequate bearing of the drive shaft can still be maintained even during the friction wheel change process.

A variant of the method is also advantageous in which the first bearing device is held in a hanging arrangement on the cantilever arm located in the vertical direction above the drive shaft on at least one cantilever arm. As a result, the accessibility for performing the friction wheel change to the displaced and decoupled first bearing device can be additionally improved. Sufficient space can also be created in the floor area with aids such as mobile transport devices, lifting devices or the like.

The invention also relates to a further, possibly independent design of an extrusion machine for the continuous production of profiles from a formable extrusion. The extrusion machine can also be combined with the previously described embodiments of the extrusion machine and can include at least the following machine components, which are used in particular to carry out a friction wheel change process:

- a base frame,

a drive unit with a drive device and with a drive shaft, which drive shaft defines a drive axis;

at least one friction wheel rotatable about the drive axis, which friction wheel is provided with at least one circumferential groove and is in drive connection with the drive device,

- A storage unit with a first storage device and with a second / 55

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Bearing device, the bearing devices being arranged on both sides of the friction wheel, and by means of which bearing devices the drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the base frame,

a tool holding device which is mounted on a pivot axis held on the base frame and can be pivoted about the pivot axis between a working position and a release position, the tool holding device being viewed in the direction of passage of the profile to be produced and being arranged downstream of the friction wheel,

a locking device, which locking device holds the tool holding device locked in its working position with respect to the base frame in its locking position,

- At least one tool unit, which tool unit is supported on the tool holding device, and further

at least one cantilever arm is provided which is arranged or designed to extend at least one cantilever arm in a parallel direction with respect to the drive axis,

a guide arrangement is provided, which guide arrangement is arranged or formed on the at least one cantilever arm,

- At least one coupling device is provided, the coupling device having a coupling position and a decoupling position, and the first bearing device being coupled to the base frame when the coupling device is in the coupling position, and further

- When the coupling device is in the decoupling position, the first bearing device is guided on the cantilever arm in an adjustable manner by means of the guide arrangement.

It is advantageous in this embodiment of the extrusion machine that the accessibility to the friction wheel to be changed can be significantly improved, since the entire first bearing device together with the drive wheel can be adjusted from the working position located within the base frame to a change position located outside the base frame. For this purpose, the first bearing device is completely removed from the drive shaft, as a result of which the friction wheel is also removed from the drive shaft and is arranged at a distance. At / 55

A2017 / 50469-AT-02 to be able to carry out an exact adjustment movement of the first bearing device relative to the drive shaft, a separate arm, in particular a cantilever arm, is provided with a guide arrangement which serves to hold the first bearing device during the relative adjustment movement. By means of the coupling device, it is possible to keep the entire first bearing device in a fixed position on the base frame. For this purpose, an associated structural unit of the base frame with the drive unit and the bearing unit, in particular the displaceable first bearing device, can be created in the operating state. By moving or moving away the first storage device together with the friction wheel from its working position within the base frame, access and the aid of aids for carrying out the friction wheel changing process can be facilitated even for larger and heavier friction wheels, possibly together with the driving rings, the operating personnel. This also reduces the risk of accidents and increases user friendliness. Furthermore, this also enables a faster friction wheel change and can be carried out.

Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the second bearing device together with the drive shaft is arranged in a stationary manner on the base frame. In this way, a floating mounting of the drive shaft on the base frame can be made possible during the friction wheel changing process, with which nevertheless an adequate mounting of the drive shaft is maintained even during the friction wheel changing process.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the at least one cantilever arm extends from the base frame to the side facing away from the drive device. A simple and collision-free displacement adjustment of the first bearing device can thus be carried out. Furthermore, an unimpeded arrangement of the drive device is also possible.

A further possible embodiment has the features that the at least one cantilever arm is arranged in the vertical direction above the drive shaft and the first bearing device is held in a hanging arrangement on the at least one cantilever arm. This can increase the accessibility for the implementation

A2017 / 50469-AT-02 tion of the friction wheel change to the displaced and decoupled first bearing device can be further improved. Sufficient space can also be created in the floor area with aids such as mobile transport devices, lifting devices or the like.

A further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the at least one extension arm is held on the base frame. This enables a more precise alignment and positioning of the drive shaft and the first bearing device with respect to one another for the implementation of the friction wheel change process.

A further embodiment provides that the at least one friction wheel is held on the first bearing device, possibly with the interposition of a driver ring. A common path adjustment of the friction wheel together with the first bearing device can thus be carried out from the base frame.

The extrusion machine according to the invention is used for the continuous production of profiles from a formable extrusion and can include at least the following machine components:

- a base frame,

at least one friction wheel rotatable about a drive axis, which friction wheel is provided with at least one circumferential groove and is in drive connection with a drive device,

a tool holding device which is mounted on a pivot axis held on the base frame and can be pivoted about the pivot axis between a working position and a release position, the tool holding device being viewed in the direction of passage of the profile to be produced and being arranged downstream of the friction wheel,

a locking device, which locking device holds the tool holding device locked in its working position with respect to the base frame in its locking position,

- At least one tool unit, which tool unit is supported on the tool holding device, in particular in one in the tool holder 12/55

A2017 / 50469-AT-02 device arranged receiving chamber is received, and contains or forms at least one stripping area with at least one stripping element for the extruded material to be formed from the friction wheel, wherein

a shielding unit is provided,

the shielding unit comprises at least one first nozzle and at least one second nozzle,

the at least one first nozzle and the at least one second nozzle are each designed to deliver a gas free of gaseous oxygen in order to minimize or prevent access of ambient air to the heated extruded material,

- The at least one first nozzle is directed to a peripheral section of the friction wheel, which peripheral section is provided for contact with the extruded material supplied, and wherein

- The at least one second nozzle is arranged below the stripping area of the tool unit.

The advantage achieved thereby is that the provision of an additional shielding unit within the extrusion machine in the area in which the extrusion to be formed is heated to the required forming temperature by means of the friction wheel minimizes the entry of oxygen, as is present in the ambient air or can be prevented entirely. By means of the nozzles provided, a gas free of gaseous oxygen can be supplied in order to create an oxygen-poor or oxygen-free atmosphere in this area or machine section. This means that the high initial quality of the still undeformed extrusion can be maintained entirely or at least to a very high percentage in the profile produced. In this way, oxygen absorption can be greatly minimized or completely prevented, particularly in an outer edge region of the profile, and an even higher quality can be achieved in the production of the profiles.

Furthermore, it can be advantageous if at least one of the nozzles is arranged or designed on the tool unit. Is at least one of the nozzles on / 55

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Arranged tool unit, a safe shielding effect can be achieved in the area with the highest material temperature. Furthermore, the supply and supply of the nozzles with the gas, in particular its line routing, can also be simplified via the tool unit and the tool holding device.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the shielding unit further comprises at least one shut-off valve, and the at least one shut-off valve of the at least one first nozzle is arranged upstream of the first nozzle in the region of the peripheral partial section of the friction wheel and in the direction of rotation of the friction wheel. By providing at least one shut-off valve in the feed area of the extruded material, the outflow of the supplied gas can thus be reduced and thus the consumption of the same can be reduced. This also makes it easier to create a better shielded room with a low gas pressure within the extrusion machine, which is higher than the ambient pressure, in order to further improve the shielding effect.

A further possible embodiment has the features that the shielding unit comprises a further nozzle arrangement, which further nozzle arrangement, viewed in the direction of rotation of the friction wheel, is arranged downstream of the at least one second nozzle. An additional locking effect can thus also be created in the area following the stripping area in the direction of rotation of the friction wheel. An additional barrier against the entry of oxygen can thus be provided.

The invention also relates to a further, possibly independent design of an extrusion machine for the continuous production of profiles from a formable extrusion. The extrusion machine can also be combined with the previously described embodiments of the extrusion machine and can include at least the following machine components:

- a base frame,

- At least one friction wheel rotatable about a drive axis, which friction wheel is provided with at least one circumferential groove, and with a drive device in / 55

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Drive connection is established,

a tool holding device which is mounted on a pivot axis held on the base frame and can be pivoted about the pivot axis between a working position and a release position, the tool holding device being viewed in the direction of passage of the profile to be produced and being arranged downstream of the friction wheel,

a locking device, which locking device holds the tool holding device locked in its working position with respect to the base frame in its locking position,

- At least one tool unit, which tool unit is supported on the tool holding device, in particular accommodated in a receiving chamber arranged in the tool holding device, and contains or forms at least one stripping area facing the friction wheel with at least one stripping element for the extruded material to be formed from the friction wheel, wherein

- The tool unit is supported on its side facing away from the friction wheel with the interposition of a first sensor unit on the tool holding device, in particular on a first positioning surface of the receiving chamber.

The advantage achieved thereby is that by providing the sensor unit for determining a pressure force transmitted from the tool unit to the tool holding device and with prior knowledge of the usually required forming force, a conclusion regarding changes and deviations from this can be quickly recognized as errors or overloads. Damage to the extrusion machine can thus be avoided, for example, if the forming force increases and the associated higher measured compressive force increases. For example, in normal, conventional forming operation, the required or existing forming force can be recorded as a compressive force by the sensor unit and stored as the target value for each profile geometry with lower and upper limits. If, for example, the upper limit is exceeded, the speed of the friction wheel can be reduced, for example, in order to carry out proper forming operation again within the specified limits without causing damage to the machine.

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A further embodiment provides that the first sensor unit comprises several, in particular four, sensors, which are arranged in a peripheral edge region of the tool unit. If several sensors are provided to form the first sensor unit, this enables a more uniform support and pressure determination from the tool unit towards the tool holding device.

Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the first sensor unit is communication-connected to a control and / or regulating device. This allows the currently measured and determined forming forces and / or pressure forces of the tool unit to be compared with specified forces within certain limits and, if exceeded or undershot, to adjust operating parameters such as the speed of the friction wheel, the feed speed of the extruded material, etc. to ensure a correct one To ensure operation of the extrusion machine.

Another embodiment is characterized in that at least one temperature control element is provided, which is accommodated at least one temperature control element in the receiving chamber and is arranged upstream of the sensor unit in the direction of the friction wheel, the at least one temperature control element being designed to dissipate heat from the tool unit. This means that heat transfer from the tool unit to the sensor unit can be minimized or reduced. Furthermore, the prevailing temperature in the area of the sensor unit can also be kept the same within certain limits in order to be able to achieve more precise measurement results.

A further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the at least one temperature control element forms part of the tool unit. This enables a compact design of the tool unit to be created.

For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.

Each show in a highly simplified, schematic representation:

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Fig. 1 a basic structure of an extrusion machine according to the known prior art, in side view and simplified stylized representation; Fig. 2 the extrusion machine with a sensor unit arranged in the area of the tool holding device for the tool unit held therein, in a side view and a simplified stylized representation; Fig. 3 the extrusion machine with a shielding device arranged in the forming area, in a side view and a simplified stylized representation; Fig. 4 the extrusion machine with a distance control device for gap adjustment between the friction wheel and the tool unit, in side view and simplified stylized representation; Fig. 5 the extrusion machine with a distance control device for adjusting the gap between the friction wheel and a scraping device, in side view and simplified stylized representation; Fig. 6 a further possible embodiment of an extrusion machine with a device for changing the friction wheel, in front view and highly stylized representation.

In the introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, and the disclosures contained in the entire description can be applied analogously to the same parts with the same reference numerals or the same component names. The location information selected in the description, e.g. above, below, to the side, etc., referring to the figure described and illustrated immediately, and if the position is changed, these are to be applied accordingly to the new position.

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The term “in particular” is understood in the following to mean that this may be a more specific training or more detailed specification of an object or a method step, but does not necessarily have to represent a mandatory, preferred embodiment of the same or a mandatory procedure.

In Fig. 1, an extrusion machine 1 is shown in a highly stylized representation, which is used to produce profiles 2 starting from a deformable extruded material 3.

This extrusion machine 1 shown here represents a special form of extrusion machine 1, which enables a continuous production of profiles 2. For example, a continuously fed wire with a diameter between 5 and 30 mm is fed to the extrusion machine 1 as extruded material 3 and heated there up to 500 ° C. and above, depending on the material to be formed, via a driven friction wheel 4. The then doughy material is pressed through a die arranged immediately after the friction wheel 4, the shaping process taking place in this section. This continuous process is mainly used for profiles 2 of small and medium-sized dimensions. A wide variety of materials such as aluminum, copper, non-ferrous metals or their alloys can be formed. The shaping process which can be carried out continuously over a longer period in this extrusion machine 1 and the fact that a single, relatively small and simply constructed extrusion machine 1 is necessary for this allow a cost reduction compared to the conventional extrusion machines.

The extrusion machine 1 can basically comprise a base frame 5 and a tool holding device 6, which is pivotably or rotatably mounted on a pivot axis 7 held on the base frame 5. The pivoting movement is illustrated in a simplified manner with a double arrow in the region of the pivot axis 7. The tool holding device 6 can thus be pivoted between a working position and a release position as required. For the sake of clarity, the representation of swivel drives or adjustment mechanisms has been omitted, although it should be mentioned that all from / 55

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Devices or elements known in the art can be used.

Furthermore, the tool holding device 6 is seen in the direction of passage of the profile 2 to be produced, downstream of the friction wheel 4. For example, the working position is indicated in full lines and the release position is shown in dashed lines.

The friction wheel 4 can be rotated in a known manner about a drive axis 8 and is also connected to a drive connection 9, which is only indicated schematically. In the present exemplary embodiment, the drive axle 8 is formed by a drive shaft 44 which is in particular of a continuous design and represents a component of a drive unit 45. The drive unit 45 is also shown and described in FIG. 6 with the schematically simplified base frame 5 and further machine components. Furthermore, the at least one friction wheel 4 provided also has at least one circumferential groove. Furthermore, at least one pressure roller 10 can be assigned to the friction wheel or wheels 4, by means of which the extrusion material 3 entering and extruding into the extrusion machine 1 is pressed in the radial direction onto the friction wheel or wheels 4.

The extrusion machine 1 also further comprises a locking device 11, which, for example, is also pivotally mounted on the base frame 5. The locking device 11 serves to hold the tool holding device 6 positioned relative to the base frame 5, in particular the friction wheel 4, during its working position and operation. A double arrow entered in the area of the locking device 11 schematically represents the possibility of displacement of the locking device 11.

In Fig. 1 the locking position for the tool holder 6 is shown in full lines. The illustration of their mounting on the base frame 5 and the adjustment mechanisms required for this purpose was also omitted for the sake of clarity. For example, the locking device 11/55

A2017 / 50469-AT-02 can be formed by an approximately U-shaped holding frame, in which the two holding arms are pivotally mounted on the side of the base frame 5. A base arm connecting the two holding arms on the outside, for example, engages around the tool holding device 6 in the locking position and prevents the tool holding device 6 from pivoting away from its working position. Furthermore, at least one tool unit 12, which is only schematically indicated here, is usually supported on the tool holding device 6, a possible configuration and support of the tool unit 12 being described in more detail in one of the following figures.

In a known manner, a gap is formed between the tool unit 12 and the friction wheel 4 when the extrusion machine 1 is in operation and thus when the tool holding device 6 is in the working position, in order to avoid collisions and mechanical damage associated therewith.

Since the gap width of the gap between the friction wheel 4 and the tool unit 12 is dependent on the one hand on the temperature of the system parts and on the other hand on signs of wear of the tool unit 12, a fairly exact and, above all, readjustable adjustment of the gap width of the gap can be independent in the present invention Represent aspect. Thus, compliance with and adjustment of the gap width can be an independent task of the invention and, in a corresponding manner, can also be an independent solution independently of the other system parts and method steps described here.

In this exemplary embodiment shown here, in addition to the locking device 11, a separate adjusting device 14 is arranged on the base frame 5 in an end region 13 of the tool holding device 6 that is distant from the pivot axis 7 and opposite with respect to the drive axis 8 of the friction wheel 4. The adjusting device 14 has an adjusting element 15 that is adjustable relative to the base frame 5. The actuating element 15 in turn has an actuating surface 16 facing the end region 13 of the tool holding device 6 and a guide surface 17 facing away from the tool holding device 6.

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As can be seen from the schematic representation of the actuating element 15, the actuating surface 16 and the guide surface 17 are aligned in a wedge shape with respect to one another. The guide surface 17 is supported on a section of the base frame 5, which is not designated in any more detail, in particular in the form of a sliding surface. The actuating element 15 is also connected to an actuating mechanism (not described in more detail) and is adjustable relative to the base frame 5 in the direction of a schematically indicated double arrow.

The guide surface 17 and the section of the base frame 5 designed as a sliding surface here have an orientation running in the vertical or vertical direction. The tapering wedge shape is oriented in the direction of a contact surface of the extrusion machine 1 and thus also in the direction of the pivot axis 7 arranged near the floor. The inclined surface 16 thus runs from top left to bottom right, as can be seen from the side view of the extrusion machine 1 can.

The tool holding device 6 has a support surface 18 on its end region 13 distanced from the pivot axis 7 and on a first side facing the friction wheel 4. When the tool holding device 6 is in the working position, the support surface 18 arranged or formed on the tool holding device 6 is supported on the standing surface 16 of the adjusting element 15.

The locking device 11 described above also has at least one printing unit 19 with at least one pressure element 20. When the tool holding device 6 is in the working position, the pressure element 20 is also arranged on the end region 13 distanced from the pivot axis 7, but is in contact with the tool holding device 6 on a second side facing away from the friction wheel 4. Furthermore, the support surface 18 of the tool holding device 6 is pressed against the footprint 16 of the actuating element 15 by means of the printing unit 19. Since the actuating element 15 is also supported with its guide surface 17 on the base frame 5, when the actuating element 15 is displaced relative to the base frame 5 by means of the actuating device 14, the tool holding device 6 about its pivot axis 7 due to the wedge-shaped, / 55

A2017 / 50469-AT-02 in particular acute angle, mutually aligned positioning surface 16 and guide surface 17 are adjusted, in particular pivoted. Since the tool holding device 6 corresponds in the broadest sense to a lever or a lever arrangement, the gap width formed between the tool unit 12 and the friction wheel 4 can also be changed as a result of the adjustment of the adjusting element. The determination and setting of the gap width will be described in more detail below.

Furthermore, in the area of the locking device 11 it is shown in a simplified manner that the pressure element 20 of the pressure unit 19 is accommodated in a pressure chamber 21 at least in some areas and is acted upon by a pressure medium which is indicated by dashes and is located in the pressure chamber 21. The pressure medium can be liquid or gaseous, an almost incompressible liquid, such as hydraulic oil, for example, having proven to be favorable, in particular at high pressures. The pressure element 20 can be designed, for example, as a double-acting piston with a piston rod of a cylinder-piston arrangement, with which the pressure element 20 is then pressed against the second side of the tool holding device 6 facing away from the support surface 18 when the pressure is applied accordingly.

By pressing the end region 13 with its support surface 18 against the actuating element 15, a precisely defined position of the tool unit 12 accommodated in the tool holding device 6 and held there positioned relative to the friction wheel 4 is achieved due to the mounting of the tool holding device 6 about the pivot axis 7. The corresponding actuating movement of the actuating device 14 with its wedge-shaped surfaces, namely the actuating surface 16 and the guide surface 17, results in an associated displacement of the tool holding device 6 about the pivot axis 7.

If the adjusting element 15 of the adjusting device 14 is adjusted, not only is the relative position of the tool holding device 6 with respect to the base frame 5, in particular the friction wheel 4, shifted, but there is also a change in volume of the pressure medium accommodated in the pressure chamber, whereby / 55

A2017 / 50469-AT-02 the pressure element 20 is adjusted in its relative position with respect to the printing unit 19. In order to enable this compensation in the pressure system, pressure relief valves can be used in order to avoid a rigid system and to enable the pressure element 20 to be adjusted. The pressure force built up by the printing unit 19 remains unchanged within certain limits and thus holds the tool holding device 6 together with the tool unit 12 held therein in the working position.

Depending on whether there is a relative displacement of the pressure element 20 in the direction of the friction wheel 4 or in the opposite direction, the pressure medium in the pressure chamber 21 is automatically compensated. As a result, the tool holding device 6 can move in its relative position both in and out Direction on the friction wheel 4 as well as in an opposite direction are pivoted. The permanent holding and locking of the tool holding device 6 in its end region 13 remains unchanged by the locking device 11 and there is always a full contact of the support surface 18 of the tool holding device 6 on the footprint 16 of the actuating element

15. The actuating element 15, as already described above, is also preferably supported on the base frame 5 in a sliding and optionally guided manner via its guide surface 17.

Furthermore, it is also shown here that a receiving chamber 22 is formed or arranged in the tool holding device 6. The outlines of the receiving chamber 22 are shown only in a simplified manner, the tool unit 12 being accommodated in the latter. To support the tool unit 12, the receiving chamber 22 has at least two first and second positioning surfaces 23, 24 which are oriented at an angle, in particular at right angles, to one another, on which the tool unit 12 is supported. With the tool holding device 6 in the working position, in this exemplary embodiment shown here the first positioning surface 23 is arranged on the side of the tool unit 12 facing away from the friction wheel 4. It is also shown that the receiving chamber 22 is designed to be open in the direction of the friction wheel 4. Thus, in the working position of the tool holding device 6, the first positioning surface 23 can be approximately vertical / 55

A2017 / 50469-AT-02 and in the vertical direction with respect to the direction of passage of profile 2.

2, the extrusion machine 1 is shown in simplified form with the tool unit 12 received and supported in the tool holding device 6, wherein this can possibly represent an independent design. Again, the same reference numerals or component designations are used for the same parts as in the previous FIG. 1. In order to avoid unnecessary repetitions, reference is made to the detailed description in the previous FIG. 1. The basic structure can be carried out analogously, as has already been described above.

In the exit area of the profile 2 from the tool unit 12, the latter is supported on the tool holding device 6 with the interposition of a first sensor unit 25, in particular a force measuring sensor or a plurality of force measuring sensors, on the first positioning surface 23. The first sensor unit 25 can e.g. be formed by pressure sensors, quartz sensors, load cells or the like. A plurality of sensors 26 are preferably used to form the first sensor unit 25 in order to achieve a uniform and mostly symmetrical support of the tool unit 12 on the tool holding device 6 in the region of its first positioning surface 23. Four pieces of sensors 26 can preferably be provided.

Furthermore, it is also possible for a separate temperature control element 27 to be arranged or formed between the tool unit 12 and the tool holding device 6. The temperature control element 27 can e.g. be designed as a separate cooling plate and serves to minimize or prevent a direct transfer of heat from the tool unit 12 to the first sensor unit 25. The temperature control element 27 can also represent or form a component or a structural unit of the tool unit 12. For the sake of clarity, supply lines for transporting the temperature control medium, in particular a cooling medium, or the like, have been omitted.

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The sensor unit 25 with its sensors 26 is also connected to a control and / or regulating device 36 for communication. This can be done by means of lines or wirelessly. A line connection between the sensors 26 and the control and / or regulating device 36 is indicated in a simplified manner.

By means of the first sensor unit 25, the forming force that occurs under normal operating conditions can be determined by determining a minimum first distance and converting it to the pressure forces that occur. The usual operating conditions are operating parameters specified by the machine manufacturer, in which the forming force that occurs is determined. The forming force can depend on the extruded material 3 supplied and intended for forming, as well as the profile 2 formed therefrom.

Under normal operating conditions e.g. the revolutions of the friction wheel 4 per unit of time, the formed mass of extruded material 3 per unit of time as well as further machine parameters or operating parameters, which have been determined beforehand by the machine manufacturer and have been determined within certain limits with a lower limit value and an upper limit value for the respective machine type. The extrusion machine 1 is in a normal operating state within these limits. Is e.g. If a deviation of the determined forming force over the upper limit value has been determined, this can lead to an overload of the extrusion machine 1 and subsequently to damage thereof.

An overload and the associated increase in pressure forces could e.g. with an increase in the revolutions of the friction wheel 4 per unit time and / or an associated increased mass throughput of material to be formed per unit time. In order to avoid overloading the extrusion machine 1 and subsequently damage the same, a machine control (not shown in detail) can be used, for example the revolutions of the friction wheel 4 are reduced per unit of time or other operating parameters. By determining and determining the forming force that has been built up, this can be stored in a memory and subsequently a clear and unambiguous one for the machine manufacturer or another operator

A2017 / 50469 AT-02

Provide evidence of machine overload. This is especially true when it comes to the proof of repairs and the cause of damage.

3, the extrusion machine 1 is shown in simplified form with the tool unit 12 received and supported in the tool holding device 6, this in turn possibly representing an independent design. Again, the same reference numerals or component designations as in the previous FIGS. 1 and 2 will be used for the same parts. To avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the previous FIGS. 1 and 2 or reference.

The material to be reshaped, especially if it is pure copper or a copper alloy, is basically made free of oxygen. In the usual forming process, the heated material absorbs oxygen from the ambient air, in particular in or under the outer skin or outer layer of the profile 2 produced.

In order to minimize or completely prevent access of ambient air, in particular oxygen, to the heated and to be formed material or material, a shielding unit 28 is indicated here in a simplified manner in the working area of the friction wheel 4. This is to minimize or completely prevent oxidation or oxygen uptake. The shielding unit 28 usually comprises a plurality of component components and extends over a peripheral partial section 29 of the friction wheel 4, in which the heating of the extruded material 3 to be formed begins at least partially and continues to a stripping area 30. The stripping area 30 is located in the tool unit 12, the deflection and stripping of the heated material taking place in a known manner by part of the tool unit 12, in the present exemplary embodiment by a stripping element 31. The access of ambient air should also be minimized or completely prevented in the stripping area 30 of the heated and to be extruded material 3.

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In the case of the shielding unit 28, it is provided here that within the previously described area, in which the material is already in a heated state, an atmosphere is created which prevents oxidation or oxygen absorption.

For this purpose, a gas free of gaseous oxygen can be supplied by means of one or more first nozzles 32, which are preferably arranged or formed in the area of the tool holding device 6, in particular in the vicinity of its receiving chamber 22. This gas can also be an inert gas and e.g. be formed by nitrogen and / or noble gases. The noble gases include e.g. Helium, neon and argon. Protective gases such as those used in welding technology would also be possible. The illustration of supply line, shut-off devices or the like has been omitted for the sake of clarity. The first nozzle 32 or the first nozzles 32 is / are facing the peripheral section 29 of the friction wheel 4 and is / are located above the wiping element 31. It would also be possible to have the first nozzle 32 or the first nozzles 32 in or on the tool unit 12 to arrange or train.

In order to prevent access of ambient air from the underside and the area below the wiping element 31, one or more second nozzles 33 can also be arranged or formed in this area. The second nozzle 33 or the second nozzles 33 is / are seen in the circumferential direction of the friction wheel 4, subsequently arranged on the peripheral partial section 29 of the friction wheel 4 and can also be turned towards it. The second nozzles 33 are / are preferably arranged or formed below the stripping element 31. It would also be possible, in turn, to arrange or design the second nozzle 33 or the second nozzles 33 in or on the tool unit 12. The nozzles 32, 33 are preferably supplied with the same gas and can form the oxygen-poor or oxygen-free atmosphere in the heated region of the extruded material 3 to be formed with the outflowing gas.

In addition, it can also be provided that the shielding unit 28 in the first contact area of the extruded material 3 and thus in the feed area thereof to / 55

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Friction wheel 4, a shut-off valve 34 arranged there. This can on the one hand prevent the inflow of ambient air into the area to be shielded and on the other hand create a certain barrier against the outflow of the supplied gas. The machine room surrounding the heated material within the extrusion machine 1 can thus be shielded against the unwanted access of ambient air. The gas supplied, which can also be referred to as protective gas, is preferably supplied to this shielding area at a slightly higher pressure than the ambient pressure, in order to ensure that the gas supplied flows away.

Furthermore, it is also shown that access to ambient air to the second nozzle 33 or the second nozzles 33 located below the wiping element 31 can also be minimized or completely prevented with a gas curtain flowing out or formed by a further nozzle arrangement 35. The gas that is supplied and discharged here can also be a gas that has already been described and is free of gaseous oxygen. However, a different gas could also be used. Depending on the direction of the outflow, ambient air could also be used.

It should be mentioned here that the nozzle or the nozzles 32, 33 and / or the further nozzle arrangement 35 have only been indicated schematically. These are in flow connection with a supply unit (not shown) or a storage unit via a line connection.

The extrusion machine 1 basically comprises several tool components, of which e.g. a first tool component can form the friction wheel 4 and a second tool component can form the tool unit 12.

4, the extrusion machine 1 is shown in simplified form with the tool unit 12 accommodated and supported in the tool holding device 6 with the stripping element 31, this in turn possibly representing an independent design. Again, same / 55

A2017 / 50469 AT-02

Parts the same reference numerals or component names as in the previous FIGS. 1 to 3 are used. To avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the previous FIGS. 1 to 3 or reference.

The extrusion machine 1 comprises at least the base frame 5 with the tool holding device 6 pivotably mounted about the pivot axis 7. The friction wheel 4 is used for friction-based heating of the extruded material 3 to be formed. The locking device 11 serves to relatively relate the tool holding device 6 during its working position and operation to keep the base frame 5, in particular the friction wheel 4, in position.

The setting, readjustment and / or readjustment of a gap width of a gap between a first tool component and at least one further tool component is described in the following method steps for such an extrusion machine 1. In the present exemplary embodiment, the first tool component is formed by the friction wheel 4 and the second or further tool component by the tool unit 12 received in a tool holding device 6 and held in position in the tool holding device 6 with at least the stripping element 31 facing the friction wheel 4. For this reason, reference is specifically made to these terms below.

First, a first distance value between the friction wheel 4 and a distance measuring device 37 is determined or previously defined geometrically. This is entered with “a” in FIG. 4. The first distance value is or is stored or stored in the control and / or regulating device 36. The tool unit 12 is then brought closer to and brought into contact with the still stationary friction wheel 4 until the wiping element 31 comes into contact with the friction wheel 4, in particular in the base of its groove. A first adjustment path, the value of which corresponds to a base gap width to be set, is also stored in the control and / or regulating device 36.

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Then the tool unit 12 resting on the friction wheel 4 is moved away by the first adjustment path stored in the control and / or regulating device 36, the gap between the friction wheel 4 and the tool unit 12 then being or being formed with the base gap width. If this is done correctly, the extrusion machine 1 can be put into operation and the shaping process of the extruded material 3 into the profile 2 can be carried out. Due to the forming process and the resulting frictional heat, there are temperature-related dimensional changes in components of the extrusion machine 1, in particular the friction wheel 4.

By means of the distance measuring device 37 there is a recurring determination and determination of further distance values between the friction wheel 4 and the distance measuring device 37. Due to the temperature increase of the friction wheel 4, its diameter becomes larger than in its “cold” initial state. A distance difference value can thus be formed from the first distance value minus one of the further distance values. Based on these values, an actual value of a gap width between the friction wheel 4 and the tool unit 12 can be calculated. The distance difference value is subtracted from the value of the base gap width, which value corresponds to that of the first adjustment path, and the actual value of a gap width between the friction wheel 4 and the tool unit 12, in particular its stripping element 31, is thus calculated.

Furthermore, a value range with a lower setpoint of the gap width and an upper setpoint of the gap width can or is stored in the control and / or regulating device 36. It is now checked on the basis of the calculated actual value of the gap width whether the calculated actual value lies within the limits with the lower setpoint and the upper setpoint of the value range. If the value falls below the lower target value of the gap width, the tool unit 12 must be moved away by a correction value stored in the control and / or regulating device 36 to the side or direction facing away from the friction wheel 4.

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If the upper setpoint of the gap width is exceeded, the tool unit 12 must be moved in or out in the direction of the friction wheel 4.

The adjustment or the adjustment of the tool holding device 6 together with the tool unit 12 can be carried out or carried out by means of the actuating device 14 described in the introduction in cooperation with the locking device 11 and the printing unit 19. These adjustment movements can also be referred to as tracking steps. This adjustment movement and readjustment can take place during operation under full load. This has the advantage that the machine does not have to be stopped, but a gap width change can be carried out directly and immediately. This can be done with the previously described adjusting element 15 of the adjusting device 14, which is designed as an adjusting wedge.

The determination of the first distance value should be carried out in the so-called “cold state” of the friction wheel 4, in particular at an initial temperature thereof in a temperature range between 10 ° C. and 40 ° C.

A change in diameter of the friction wheel 4 can also be calculated and ascertained on the basis of the distance measurement carried out. Basically, the geometry, in particular the diameter or diameters of the friction wheel 4 is known from the design and manufacture, which serve as a measuring surface for determining the distance. The actual value of the gap width between the two tool components can thus be determined in an analogous manner via the thermal increase in the diameter dimension.

Since different profile geometries can be produced depending on the tool unit 12 used in each case, all of the tool units 12 used in the present extrusion machine 1, in particular in its tool holding device 6, are each in their longitudinal extension starting from the stripping element 31 up to one in the direction of passage of the profile 2 produced seen from it, the tool end surface 38 is arranged at a distance with ei31 / 55

A2017 / 50469-AT-02 have the same longitudinal dimensions. The tool end surface 38 is located on the side facing away from the friction wheel 4 and, if necessary, is supported on the tool holding device 6 in the region of the first positioning surface 23 with the interposition of the sensor unit 25 (not shown here).

Based on this design, e.g. the respective relative angular position of the tool holding device 6 with respect to the physical pivot axis 7 and / or with respect to the base frame 5 is determined and ascertained by means of a rotary encoder or another sensor 39 which detects a swivel angle. However, the respective relative angular position between that of the physical pivot axis 7 and the base frame could also be determined when the physical pivot axis 7 is firmly connected to the tool holding device 6.

For example, a base angular position of the tool holding device 6 with respect to the base frame 5 when the tool unit 12 is in an adjacent position, in particular its stripping element 31, is determined on the friction wheel 4 and is stored in the control and / or regulating device 36. If the basic gap width described above, in which the tool holding device 6 is adjusted away from the friction wheel 4, has been set, a desired angular position of the tool holding device can be determined and stored in the control and / or regulating device 36.

In order to be able to determine the correct position of a changed tool unit 12 in the receiving chamber 22 before the start-up and / or before the setting of the base gap width, the base angle position described and stored above can be used. Is e.g. an object between the first positioning surface 23 and the tool end surface 38 of the tool unit 12, this protrudes further in the direction of the friction wheel 4 than if the object were not present.

This means that after a tool change has been carried out and the second tool component, in particular the tool unit 12, has been properly positioned and the first tool component has come to a standstill, in particular / 55

A2017 / 50469-AT-02 the friction wheel 4, the tool holder 6 together with the tool unit 12 are pivoted from their release position in the direction of the working position until the relative base angular position between the tool holder 6 and the base frame 5 or the fixed pivot axis 7 is reached and the second tool component, in particular the tool unit 12, is brought into contact with the first tool component, in particular the friction wheel 4.

If, on the other hand, the object described above is between the tool unit 12 and the tool holding device 6, when the second tool component, in particular the tool unit 12, is in contact with the first tool component, in particular the friction wheel 4, it can still reach the relative basic angular position between the tool holding device 6 and the Base frame (5) or the fixed pivot axis 7, from the control and regulating device 36 an error handling routine can be started. The machine operator can thus be signaled before start-up that there is no correct positioning and that the relative position of the tool unit 12 in the receiving chamber 22 must be checked and corrected if necessary. Damage to the extrusion machine 1 can thus be avoided.

The distance measuring device 37, which can be formed by a wide variety of sensors or measuring means, and the sensor (s) 39 can jointly form a further sensor unit.

5, the extrusion machine 1 is shown in simplified form with the tool unit 12 accommodated and supported in the tool holding device 6 with the stripping element 31, this in turn possibly representing an independent design. Again, the same reference numerals or component designations are used for the same parts as in the previous FIGS. 1 to 4. To avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the previous FIGS. 1 to 4 or reference.

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The extrusion machine 1 comprises at least the base frame 5 with the tool holding device 6 pivotably mounted about the pivot axis 7. The friction wheel 4 is used for friction-based heating of the extruded material 3 to be formed. The locking device 11 serves to relatively relate the tool holding device 6 during its working position and operation to keep the base frame 5, in particular the friction wheel 4, in position.

Furthermore, in the case of extrusion machines 1 of this type, it is mostly provided that, due to the previously described operating gap between the tool unit 12 and the friction wheel 4, a portion of the extruded material 3 to be formed is not stripped off by the friction wheel 4 and is carried along by it. To remove or scrape off the material remaining on the friction wheel 4, a scraping device 40 is arranged downstream of the tool unit 12 as seen in the direction of rotation of the friction wheel 4. The scraper device 40 comprises at least one scraper element 41 which is relatively adjustable with respect to the friction wheel 4, which is designed here as the first tool component. The at least one scraper element 41 is also to be arranged with a corresponding gap relative to the friction wheel 4 and readjusted during the current forming operation due to thermal change in length. The scraper element 41 is preferably held or guided in a base housing 42 and can be adjusted in its relative position and position with respect to the first tool component by means of an actuator 43.

In this exemplary embodiment, the first tool component is formed by the friction wheel 4 and the second or further tool component by the scraper device 40 with the scraper element 41. For this reason, reference is specifically made to these terms below. For the sake of clarity, adjustment means for the scraper device 40 and / or the at least one scraper element 41 have not been shown.

First, a first distance value between the friction wheel 4 and the distance measuring device 37 is determined or previously defined geometrically. This is entered with “a” in FIG. 5. The first distance value is or is stored or stored in the control and / or regulating device 36. Hereafter / 55

A2017 / 50469-AT-02 the scraping device 40 and / or the scraper element 41 approaches and adjusts to the still stationary friction wheel 4 until the scraper element 41 comes into contact with the friction wheel 4, in particular in the groove base thereof. A first adjustment path, the value of which corresponds to a base gap width to be set, is also stored in the control and / or regulating device 36. The distance measuring device 37 is arranged on or in the base housing 42 here. It is also possible to use this distance measuring device 37 described and shown here also for the distance measurement previously described in FIG. 4. The same reference number was therefore also used for the distance measuring device 37.

Then the scraping device 40 and / or the scraper element 41 resting on the friction wheel 4 is displaced by the first adjustment path stored in the control and / or regulating device 36, the gap between the friction wheel 4 and the scraper device 40 and / or the scraper element 41 is or will be formed with the base gap width. If this is done correctly, the extrusion machine 1 can be put into operation and the shaping process of the extruded material 3 into the profile 2 can be carried out. Due to the forming process and the resulting frictional heat, there are temperature-related dimensional changes in components of the extrusion machine 1, in particular the friction wheel 4.

By means of the distance measuring device 37 there is a recurring determination and determination of further distance values between the friction wheel 4 and the distance measuring device 37. Due to the temperature increase of the friction wheel 4, its diameter becomes larger than in its “cold” initial state. A distance difference value can thus be formed from the first distance value minus one of the further distance values. Based on these values, a calculation of an actual value of a gap width between the friction wheel 4 and the scraper device 40 and / or the scraper element 41 can be carried out. The distance difference value is subtracted from the value of the base gap width, which value corresponds to that of the first adjustment path, and so / 55

A2017 / 50469-AT-02 calculates the actual value of a gap between the friction wheel 4 and the scraping device 40, in particular the scraping element 41 thereof.

Furthermore, a value range with a lower setpoint of the gap width and an upper setpoint of the gap width can or is stored in the control and / or regulating device 36. It is now checked on the basis of the calculated actual value of the gap width whether the calculated actual value lies within the limits with the lower setpoint and the upper setpoint of the value range. If the value falls below the lower target value of the gap width, the tool unit 12 must be moved away by a correction value stored in the control and / or regulating device 36 to the side or direction facing away from the friction wheel 4. If the upper setpoint value of the gap width is exceeded, the scraper device 40 and / or the scraper element 41 must be moved in or out in the direction of the friction wheel 4. These adjustment movements can also be referred to as tracking steps.

The determination of the first distance value should also be carried out here in the so-called “cold state” of the friction wheel 4, in particular at an initial temperature thereof in a temperature range between 10 ° C. and 40 ° C.

6, the extrusion machine 1 with its base frame 5 and the drive unit 45 for the friction wheel 4 is shown in a highly schematic simplified view in an end view. The illustration of the tool holding device 6, the locking device 11 and the tool unit 12 has been dispensed with for the sake of clarity, the extrusion machine 1 being able to be of the same design as that described above in FIGS. 1 to 5. Individual or all of the machine components described above can also be used in this extrusion machine 1.

The drive unit 45 comprises at least the drive device 9, the drive shaft 44, by which the drive axis 8 is defined, and optionally a clutch 46. The at least one friction wheel 4 is in drive connection with the drive device 9. A drive ring 47 can be provided on both sides of the friction wheel 4, by means of which the drive torque of / 55

A2017 / 50469-AT-02 the drive device 9 can be transferred to the friction wheel 4. The drive shaft 44 is rotatably mounted on the base frame 5 by means of a bearing unit 48, comprising a first bearing device 49 and a second bearing device 50. The bearing devices 49, 50 can include not only their bearing arrangements but also housings, guide means, fastening means or the like and each represent a separate component. The at least one friction wheel 4 can optionally be held on the first bearing device 49 with the interposition of a driving ring 47 ,

In the present exemplary embodiment, it is also provided that a coupling device 51 is provided between the first bearing device 49 and the base frame 5. The coupling device 51 could also be referred to as a coupling device and serves to detachably couple or couple the entire first bearing device 49 to the base frame 5. For this purpose, the coupling device 51 can be adjusted from its coupling position to a decoupling position. The illustration of actuation means for actuating the coupling device 51, such as cylinders, actuators or the like, has also been dispensed with for the sake of clarity. The first bearing device 49 is shown in two different positions. In the first position - shown in broken lines - the coupling position on the base frame 5 is shown, in which the drive shaft 44 is also mounted on the base frame 5 by means of the first bearing device 49. The decoupled position, which is moved away from the base frame 5, is shown in dash-dotted lines. One way of guided adjustment is described below.

Furthermore, the extrusion machine 1 also comprises at least one cantilever arm 52 which is arranged or designed to extend in the parallel direction with respect to the drive axis 8. In the present exemplary embodiment, the at least one cantilever arm 52 is arranged in the vertical direction above the drive shaft 44 and at a distance from it. The cantilever arm 52 could also be arranged on the bottom side and thus below the drive shaft 44. The cantilever arm 52 can also be connected to the base frame 5 or attached to it. The cantilever arm 52 can also extend from the base frame 5 to that of / 55

A2017 / 50469-AT-02 of the drive device 9 facing away from it can be arranged to extend.

In the case of the arrangement above the drive shaft 44, the first bearing device 49 can be held in a hanging arrangement on at least one cantilever arm 52. For this purpose, a guide arrangement 53 can be provided, which is arranged or formed on the at least one cantilever arm 52. Thus, when the coupling device 51 is in the decoupling position, the first bearing device 49 can be adjustably guided along the cantilever arm 52 by means of the guide arrangement 53, as a result of which the entire first bearing device 49 together with the friction wheel 4 and possibly the driving rings 47 are displaced away from the base frame 5. The second bearing device 50 together with the drive shaft 44 mounted thereon remains stationary on the base frame 5 during a friction wheel change process to be carried out. When the friction wheel 4 is to be changed or exchanged, the coupling device 51 can be decoupled (adjusting the coupling device 51 from its coupling position into its decoupling position) from the base frame 5 are shifted away and are thus withdrawn from the drive shaft 44.

The method for changing the friction wheel 4 can include at least those steps:

Uncoupling the coupling device (51) located between the first bearing device 49 and the base frame 5 of the extrusion machine 1 and thereby adjusting it from its coupling position to its decoupling position,

relative displacement of the first bearing device 49 together with the friction wheel 4 held thereon along the guide arrangement 53 arranged or formed on the at least one cantilever arm 52 in a parallel direction with respect to the drive axis 8 of the drive shaft 44,

Removing the friction wheel 4 to be changed from the first bearing device 49 and arranging another friction wheel 4 on the first bearing device 49,

- Moving the first bearing device 49 back along the guide arrangement 53/55 arranged or formed on the at least one cantilever arm 52

A2017 / 50469-AT-02 towards the base frame 5;

- Coupling the first bearing device 49 to the base frame 5 and thereby switching the coupling device 51 from its decoupling position to its coupling position.

It should also be pointed out that only individual machine components are shown and described individually in the individual figures. So it is possible, e.g. to use the sensor unit 25 with the temperature control element 27, if necessary, also with the shielding unit 28 in a system or extrusion machine 1. It could also e.g. the sensor unit 25 may optionally be combined with the temperature control element 27 with the distance control according to FIGS. 4 and / or 5. The distance control according to FIGS. 4 and / or 5 can also be combined with the shielding unit 28 in a system or extrusion machine 1. However, based on the basic design of the extrusion machine 1 described in FIG. 1, all of the previously described system components could be used in a system, namely the sensor unit 25, optionally with the temperature control element 27, the shielding unit 28 and the distance control according to FIG. 4 and / or 5.

The exemplary embodiments show possible design variants, it being noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specially illustrated design variants of the same, but rather also various combinations of the individual design variants with one another are possible and this variation possibility is based on the teaching of technical action through the present invention Ability of the specialist working in this technical field.

The scope of protection is determined by the claims. However, the description and drawings are to be used to interpret the claims. Individual features or combinations of features from the different exemplary embodiments shown and described can represent independent inventive solutions. The object on which the independent inventive solutions are based can be found in the description.

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All information on value ranges in the objective description is to be understood so that it includes any and all sub-areas, e.g. the information 1 to 10 is to be understood so that all sub-areas, starting from the lower limit 1 and the upper limit 10, are included, i.e. all sections start with a lower limit of 1 or greater and end with an upper limit of 10 or less, e.g. 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1, or

5.5 to 10.

For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that, for a better understanding of the structure, elements have sometimes been shown to scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced.

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LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 Extruder machine 31 stripping element 2 profile 32 first nozzle 3 extruded material 33 second nozzle 4 friction wheel 34 butterfly valve 5 base frame 35 further nozzle arrangement 6 The tool holder assembly 36 Tax and / or regulations 7 swivel axis direction 8th drive axle 37 Distance measuring device 9 driving device 38 Werkzeugendfläche 10 capstan 39 sensor 11 locking device 40 scraper 12 tool unit 41 scraper element 13 end 42 base housing 14 locking device 43 actuator 15 actuator 44 drive shaft 16 footprint 45 drive unit 17 guide surface 46 clutch 18 support surface 47 driver ring 19 printing unit 48 storage unit 20 pressure element 49 first storage device 21 pressure chamber 50 second storage device 22 receiving chamber 51 coupling device 23 first positioning surface 52 boom 24 second positioning surface 53 guide assembly 25 first sensor unit 26 sensor 27 tempering 28 shielding 29 Peripheral piece portion 30 Stripping

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Claims (21)

claims 1. A method for controlling the distance between two tool components of an extrusion machine (1) for the continuous production of profiles (2) from a formable extrusion (3), comprising the following steps: - determining or defining a first distance value between a first tool component and a distance measuring device (37), - depositing the first distance value in a control and / or regulating device (36), - Approaching and delivering a second tool component to the stationary first tool component until the second tool component rests on the first tool component; - Adjusting the second tool component resting on the first tool component by a first adjustment path stored in the control and / or regulating device (36) and thereby forming a gap between the first tool component and the second tool component with a base gap width; - Commissioning of the extrusion machine (1) and thereby feeding the extrusion (3) into the extrusion machine (1) for the first tool component and forming the extrusion (3) into the profile (2); further determination of further distance values between the first tool component and the distance measuring device (37) in the forming operation of the extrusion machine (1), Forming a distance difference value from the first distance value minus one of the further distance values, Calculating an actual value of a gap width between the first tool component and the second tool component, the distance difference value being subtracted from the value of the base gap width, Determining whether the actual value of the gap width lies within a range of values stored in the control device with a lower target value of the gap width and an upper target value of the gap width, 42/55 A2017 / 50469 AT-02 - Moving the second tool component away from the first tool component when the lower setpoint of the gap width is undershot or adding the second tool component in the direction of the first tool component when the upper setpoint value of the gap width is exceeded. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the determination of the first distance value is carried out at an initial temperature of the first tool component in a temperature range between 10 ° C and 40 ° C. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first tool component is formed by a friction wheel (4) of the extrusion machine (1). 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the second tool component of a in a tool holding device (6) and held in the tool holding device (6) positioned tool unit (12) with at least one of the first tool component, in particular the friction wheel (4) facing scraper element (31) is formed. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the tool units (12) in each case in their longitudinal extent starting from the stripping element (31) up to a in the direction of passage of the produced profile (2) seen at a distance therefrom arranged tool end surface (38) with the same to each other Longitudinal dimension are formed. 6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the tool holding device (6) held on a base frame (5) 43/55 A2017 / 50469 AT-02 The pivot axis (7) is pivotally mounted and can be pivoted between a working position and a release position. 7. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that when the second tool component, in particular the tool unit (12), is in contact with the first tool component, in particular the friction wheel (4), a base angular position of the tool holding device (6) with respect to the Base frame (5) is determined and stored in the control and / or regulating device (36). 8. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that after the displacement of the second tool component, in particular the tool unit (12), from the first tool component, in particular the friction wheel (4), a setpoint angle position is determined and in the control and / or control device (36) is deposited. 9. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that after a tool change of the second tool component, in particular the tool unit (12), and when the first tool component, in particular the friction wheel (4), the tool holding device (6) together the second tool component is pivoted from its release position in the direction of the working position until the relative base angular position between the tool holding device (6) and the base frame (5) is reached and the second tool component, in particular the tool unit (12), on the first tool component , in particular the friction wheel (4). 10. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that when the second tool component, in particular the tool unit (12), is in contact with the first tool component, in particular the friction wheel (4), 44/55 A2017 / 50469-AT-02 before reaching the relative base angle position between the tool holding device (6) and the base frame (5), the control and regulating device (36) starts an error handling routine. 11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the second tool component is formed by a scraper device (40) with a scraper element (41). 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the scraper element (41) is applied to the first tool component, in particular to the friction wheel (4), when approaching and delivering in the direction of the first tool component. 13. Method for changing a friction wheel (4) of an extrusion machine (1), which is in drive connection with a drive device (9) and is rotatable about a drive shaft (44) defined by a drive shaft (44), for the continuous production of profiles (2) from a deformable one Extruded material (3), the method comprising the following steps: Decoupling a coupling device (51) located between a first bearing device (49) and a base frame (5) of the extrusion machine (1) and thereby adjusting it from its coupling position to its decoupling position, - relative displacement of the first bearing device (49) together with the friction wheel (4) held thereon along a guide arrangement (53) arranged or formed on at least one cantilever arm (52) in a parallel direction with respect to the drive axis (8) of the drive shaft (44), Removing the friction wheel (4) to be changed from the first bearing device (49) and arranging another friction wheel (4) on the first bearing device (49), - moving the first bearing device (49) back along the guide arrangement (53) arranged or formed on the at least one extension arm (52) in the direction of the base frame (5), 45/55 A2017 / 50469 AT-02 - Coupling the first bearing device (49) to the base frame (5) and thereby changing over the coupling device (51) from its decoupling position to its coupling position. 14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the drive shaft (44) and a second drive device (50) supporting the drive shaft (44) remain stationary on the base frame (5) during the friction wheel change process. 15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the first bearing device (49) on the cantilever arm (52) located in the vertical direction above the drive shaft (44) is held in a hanging arrangement on at least one cantilever arm (52). 16. Extrusion machine (1) for the continuous production of profiles (2) from a formable extrusion (3) and for carrying out the method according to one of claims 13 to 15, comprising - a base frame (5), - A drive unit (45) with a drive device (9) and with a drive shaft (44), which drive shaft (44) defines a drive axis (8); at least one friction wheel (4) rotatable about the drive axis (8), which friction wheel (4) is provided with at least one circumferential groove and is in drive connection with the drive device (9), - A bearing unit (48) with a first bearing device (49) and with a second bearing device (50), the bearing devices (49, 50) being arranged on both sides of the friction wheel (4), and by means of which bearing devices (49, 50) the drive shaft (44) is rotatably mounted on the base frame (5), - A tool holding device (6), which tool holding device (6) is mounted on a pivot axis (7) held on the base frame (5) and can be pivoted about the pivot axis (7) between a working position and a release position, the tool holding device (6) in the direction of passage the profile (2) to be produced, to which the friction wheel (4) is arranged, 46/55 A2017 / 50469 AT-02 - a locking device (11), which locking device (11) holds the tool holding device (6) locked in its working position with respect to the base frame (5) in its locking position, at least one tool unit (12), which tool unit (12) is supported on the tool holding device (6), characterized in that - that at least one cantilever arm (52) is provided, which is arranged or designed to extend at least one cantilever arm (52) in a parallel direction with respect to the drive axis (8), - that a guide arrangement (53) is provided, which guide arrangement (53) is arranged or formed on the at least one cantilever arm (52), - that at least one coupling device (51) is provided, the coupling device (51) having a coupling position and a decoupling position, and that the first bearing device (49) is coupled to the base frame (5) when the coupling device (51) is in the coupling position, and - That the first bearing device (49) is in the decoupling position of the coupling device (51) by means of the guide arrangement (53) along the cantilever arm (52) adjustable on this. 17. Extrusion machine (1) according to claim 16, characterized in that the second bearing device (50) together with the drive shaft (44) is arranged stationary on the base frame (5). 18. Extrusion machine (1) according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the at least one cantilever arm (52) extends from the base frame (5) on the side facing away from the drive device (9). 19. Extrusion machine (1) according to one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that the at least one cantilever arm (52) in vertical 47/55 A2017 / 50469 AT-02 Arranged above the drive shaft (44) and the first bearing device (49) is held in a hanging arrangement on the at least one cantilever arm (52). 20. Extrusion machine (1) according to one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that the at least one cantilever arm (52) is held on the base frame (5). 21. Extrusion machine (1) according to one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that the at least one friction wheel (4), optionally with the interposition of a driving ring (47), is held on the first bearing device (49).