AT146720B - Manufacture of objects that must have special strength properties, in particular high vibration resistance and / or should have high resistance to becoming brittle due to intergranular corrosion. - Google Patents

Manufacture of objects that must have special strength properties, in particular high vibration resistance and / or should have high resistance to becoming brittle due to intergranular corrosion.

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Publication number
AT146720B
AT146720B AT146720DA AT146720B AT 146720 B AT146720 B AT 146720B AT 146720D A AT146720D A AT 146720DA AT 146720 B AT146720 B AT 146720B
Authority
AT
Austria
Prior art keywords
resistance
objects
manufacture
strength properties
intergranular corrosion
Prior art date
Application number
Other languages
German (de)
Original Assignee
Krupp Ag
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Krupp Ag filed Critical Krupp Ag
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of AT146720B publication Critical patent/AT146720B/en

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel

Description

  

   <Desc/Clms Page number 1> 
 



  Herstellung von Gegenständen, die besondere Festigkeitseigenschaften, insbesondere eine hohe 
Bei der Verwendung von chemischneutralen austenitischen Chromnickelstahllegierungen, die etwa 6-40% Chrom,   40-4% Nickel   und bis zu höchstens 1% Kohlenstoff enthalten, zur Herstellung von Maschinenteilen, die hohen Schwingungsbeanspruchungen ausgesetzt sind (z. B. Wellen, Turbinenschaufeln), zeigt sich der Übelstand, dass diese Gegenstände nur eine verhältnismässig kleine Schwingungfestigkeit aufweisen.

   Versuche haben nun ergeben, dass an sich bekannte chemischneutrale Chromnickelstahllegierungen mit einem Zusatz von etwa 0'3-5% Silizium, Titan, Vanadium, Molybdän, Mangan oder Aluminium, einzeln odergemischt, die ein Gefüge aufweisen, das neben unmagnetischen Austenitkörnerneinen   ausgeprägten magnetischen   Sonderbestandteilenthält, eine wesentlich höhere Schwingungsfestigkeit besitzen. So hat z. B. eine Stahllegierung mit etwa   0'13%   Kohlenstoff, 1% Silizium,   0-73% Mangan, 9-7% Nickel,   17-9% Chrom und 2-2% Titan nach einem Abschrecken von   10500 C   in Wasser das aus der Fig. 1 ersichtliche   500fach   vergrösserte Gefüge.

   In der unmagnetischen austenitischen Grundmasse sind Kristalle aus magnetischem,   0- Eisen   enthaltenden Sonderbestandteil eingebettet. Das Gefüge derselben Stahllegierung nach einem Abschrecken von 950  C in Wasser ist in Fig. 2 dargestellt ; auch hier ist in die austenitische (nichtmagnetische) Grundmasse viel   starkmagnetisches -0- Eisen   enthaltender Sonderbestandteil in Zeilen eingebettet. Entsprechende, eine nichtmagnetische austenitische Grundmasse und einen magnetischen, 8-Eisen enthaltenden Sonderbestandteil aufweisende Gefügebilder zeigen die Fig. 3 und 4, die das Gefüge einer bei 1150  bzw. 950  C in Wasser abgeschreckten Stahllegierung mit 0-12% Kohlenstoff, 2-13% Silizium,   0-63% Mangan, 7-08% Nickel   und   21-4%   Chrom wiedergeben. 



   Chemischneutrale Chromniekelstahllegierungen, die derartige Kristalle aus magnetischem Sonderbestandteil enthalten, besitzen jedoch nicht nur eine ausgezeichnete Schwingungsfestigkeit, sie sind vielmehr reinaustenitischen Legierungen auch bezüglich der übrigen Festigkeitseigenschaften überlegen. So hat z.

   B. der Chromnickelstahl mit 0-13% Kohlenstoff,   9-7% Nickel   und   17-9%   Chrom in reinauste- 
 EMI1.1 
 
 EMI1.2 
 
<tb> 
<tb> Se, <SEP> h-wingungsbiegefestigkeit <SEP> 20 <SEP> /) <SEP> tnm
<tb> Streckgrenze <SEP> ..........................................................25 <SEP> kg/mm2
<tb> Zugfestigkeit <SEP> 60 <SEP> kg/mm2
<tb> 
 
Ein chemischneutraler Stahl mit denselben Gehalten an Kohlenstoff, Nickel und Chrom, der jedoch einen oder mehrere der genannten Zusätze enthält und Kristalle aus magnetischem, 3-Eisen enthaltenden Sonderbestandteil (Fig. 1 und 2) aufweist, zeichnet sich dagegen durch folgende, wesentlich höhere Festigkeitswerte aus :

   
 EMI1.3 
 
<tb> 
<tb> Schwingungsbiegefestigkeit <SEP> 50 <SEP> /t <SEP> ? <SEP> M
<tb> Streckgrenze <SEP> 60 <SEP> kg/mm2
<tb> Zugfestigkeit <SEP> ..........................................................78 <SEP> kg/mm2
<tb> 
 
Bei Verwendung von derartigen Sonderbestandteil enthaltenden chemischneutralen Chromnickelstahllegierungen zeigt sich ausserdem der Vorteil, dass diese Legierungen und die aus diesen hergestellten Gegenstände die nachteilige Eigenschaft des Büchigwerdens nicht besitzen, die den reinaustenitischen Chromnickelstahllegierungen eigen ist, wenn sie bei der Herstellung oder im Betriebe (z. B. beim Zu-   sammenschweissen)   einer, einer Anlassbehandlung gleichkommenden Erwärmung auf   500-900  C   und dem Angriff korrodierender Agentien ausgesetzt werden.

   Besonders günstig ist es unter diesem Gesichtspunkt, das Entstehen des Sonderbestandteiles durch Zugabe von Vanadium oder Titan zu bewirken, denn diese Elemente bilden mit dem Kohlenstoff und Stickstoff der Legierungen sehr stabile chemische Verbindungen, die ein   Brüchigwerden   der Legierungen beim Angriff korrodierender Agentien nach oder während einer Erwärmung auf etwa   500-9000 C praktisch ausschalten.   

**WARNUNG** Ende DESC Feld kannt Anfang CLMS uberlappen**.



   <Desc / Clms Page number 1>
 



  Manufacture of objects that have special strength properties, especially high
When using chemically neutral austenitic chromium-nickel steel alloys, which contain about 6-40% chromium, 40-4% nickel and up to a maximum of 1% carbon, for the manufacture of machine parts that are exposed to high vibration loads (e.g. shafts, turbine blades), there is the disadvantage that these objects only have a relatively low vibration resistance.

   Tests have now shown that chemically neutral chromium-nickel steel alloys known per se with an addition of about 0.3-5% silicon, titanium, vanadium, molybdenum, manganese or aluminum, individually or mixed, which have a structure that contains a pronounced magnetic special component in addition to non-magnetic austenite grains, have a much higher vibration resistance. So has z. B. a steel alloy with about 0.13% carbon, 1% silicon, 0-73% manganese, 9-7% nickel, 17-9% chromium and 2-2% titanium after quenching at 10500 C in water that from the Fig. 1 visible structure enlarged 500 times.

   In the non-magnetic austenitic matrix, crystals made of a magnetic special component containing O-iron are embedded. The structure of the same steel alloy after quenching at 950 C in water is shown in FIG. 2; Here too, in the austenitic (non-magnetic) base mass, a lot of strongly magnetic -0- iron-containing special component is embedded in rows. Corresponding microstructure diagrams with a non-magnetic austenitic base material and a magnetic special component containing 8-iron are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, which show the structure of a steel alloy quenched in water at 1150 and 950 C with 0-12% carbon, 2-13% Represent silicon, 0-63% manganese, 7-08% nickel and 21-4% chromium.



   Chemically neutral stainless steel alloys that contain such crystals made of special magnetic constituents not only have excellent vibration resistance, they are also superior to purely austenitic alloys with regard to the other strength properties. So has z.

   B. the chromium-nickel steel with 0-13% carbon, 9-7% nickel and 17-9% chromium in pure auste-
 EMI1.1
 
 EMI1.2
 
<tb>
<tb> Se, <SEP> flexural flexural strength <SEP> 20 <SEP> /) <SEP> tnm
<tb> Yield strength <SEP> ........................................... ............... 25 <SEP> kg / mm2
<tb> tensile strength <SEP> 60 <SEP> kg / mm2
<tb>
 
A chemically neutral steel with the same contents of carbon, nickel and chromium, but which contains one or more of the additives mentioned and crystals of a magnetic special component containing 3-iron (FIGS. 1 and 2), is characterized by the following, significantly higher strength values out :

   
 EMI1.3
 
<tb>
<tb> Vibration flexural strength <SEP> 50 <SEP> / t <SEP>? <SEP> M
<tb> Yield strength <SEP> 60 <SEP> kg / mm2
<tb> tensile strength <SEP> ........................................... ............... 78 <SEP> kg / mm2
<tb>
 
When using chemically neutral chromium-nickel steel alloys containing such special components, there is also the advantage that these alloys and the objects made from them do not have the disadvantageous property of becoming bulky, which is inherent in the purely austenitic chromium-nickel steel alloys when they are used during manufacture or in the factory (e.g. . When welding together) a tempering treatment equivalent to heating to 500-900 C and the attack of corrosive agents.

   From this point of view, it is particularly favorable to create the special component by adding vanadium or titanium, because these elements form very stable chemical compounds with the carbon and nitrogen of the alloys, which make the alloys brittle when corrosive agents attack or during a Practically switch off heating to around 500-9000 C.

** WARNING ** End of DESC field may overlap beginning of CLMS **.

 

Claims (1)

PATENT-ANSPRUCH : Herstellung von Gegenständen, die besondere Festigkeitseigenschaften, insbesondere eine hohe Schwingungsfestigkeit besitzen müssen und/oder hohe Beständigkeit gegen Brüchigwerden durch interkristalline Korrosion aufweisen sollen, gekennzeichnet durch Verwendung von an sich bekannten chemischneutralen Chromnickelstahllegierungen mit bis 1% Kohlenstoff, 6-40% Chrom, 40-4% Nickel und 0'3-5% Silizium, Titan, Vanadium, Molybdän, Mangan oder Aluminium, einzel oder zu mehreren, welche Legierungen einer Wärmebehandlung, z. B. Abschrecken von 950-1150 C unterworfen werden, die zu einem einem ausgeprägten magnetischen Sonderbestandteil enthaltenden Gefüge führt. **WARNUNG** Ende CLMS Feld Kannt Anfang DESC uberlappen**. PATENT CLAIM: Manufacture of objects that must have special strength properties, in particular high vibration resistance and / or should have high resistance to becoming brittle due to intergranular corrosion, characterized by the use of chemically neutral chromium-nickel steel alloys with up to 1% carbon, 6-40% chromium, 40- 4% nickel and 0'3-5% silicon, titanium, vanadium, molybdenum, manganese or aluminum, singly or in groups, which alloys undergo heat treatment, e.g. B. quenching of 950-1150 C, which leads to a structure containing a pronounced magnetic special component. ** WARNING ** End of CLMS field may overlap beginning of DESC **.
AT146720D 1931-06-23 Manufacture of objects that must have special strength properties, in particular high vibration resistance and / or should have high resistance to becoming brittle due to intergranular corrosion. AT146720B (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1222266B (en) * 1963-01-05 1966-08-04 Bofors Ab Use of a corrosion-resistant steel alloy as a material for easily weldable objects
DE1224512B (en) * 1960-02-02 1966-09-08 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Use of an austenitic steel alloy as a material for nuclear reactor components and process for its manufacture
DE1230232B (en) * 1959-06-24 1966-12-08 Aktienbolaget Bofors Use of a corrosion-resistant steel alloy as a material for easily weldable objects
DE1233148B (en) * 1964-07-13 1967-01-26 Int Nickel Ltd Use of a martensite hardenable steel alloy for pressure and impact resistant objects
DE1239109B (en) * 1963-06-07 1967-04-20 Int Nickel Ltd Use of a martensite-hardenable steel alloy as a material for pressure and impact-resistant objects
DE1264074B (en) * 1963-01-28 1968-03-21 United States Steel Corp Use of a martensite-hardened steel as a material for objects that have to be resistant to stress corrosion cracking in a chloride-containing atmosphere
DE1294032B (en) * 1963-10-14 1969-04-30 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Martensitic, heat-treatable, stainless steel
DE1458331B1 (en) * 1963-10-14 1970-05-21 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Use of a martensitic, stainless steel alloy as a material for welded objects
DE1458330A1 (en) * 1963-08-02 1972-03-23 Armco Steel Corp Stainless steel

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1230232B (en) * 1959-06-24 1966-12-08 Aktienbolaget Bofors Use of a corrosion-resistant steel alloy as a material for easily weldable objects
DE1224512B (en) * 1960-02-02 1966-09-08 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Use of an austenitic steel alloy as a material for nuclear reactor components and process for its manufacture
DE1222266B (en) * 1963-01-05 1966-08-04 Bofors Ab Use of a corrosion-resistant steel alloy as a material for easily weldable objects
DE1264074B (en) * 1963-01-28 1968-03-21 United States Steel Corp Use of a martensite-hardened steel as a material for objects that have to be resistant to stress corrosion cracking in a chloride-containing atmosphere
DE1239109B (en) * 1963-06-07 1967-04-20 Int Nickel Ltd Use of a martensite-hardenable steel alloy as a material for pressure and impact-resistant objects
DE1458330A1 (en) * 1963-08-02 1972-03-23 Armco Steel Corp Stainless steel
DE1294032B (en) * 1963-10-14 1969-04-30 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Martensitic, heat-treatable, stainless steel
DE1458331B1 (en) * 1963-10-14 1970-05-21 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Use of a martensitic, stainless steel alloy as a material for welded objects
DE1233148B (en) * 1964-07-13 1967-01-26 Int Nickel Ltd Use of a martensite hardenable steel alloy for pressure and impact resistant objects

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