ZA200405023B - Phosphorus-borates with low melting points. - Google Patents
Phosphorus-borates with low melting points. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ZA200405023B ZA200405023B ZA200405023A ZA200405023A ZA200405023B ZA 200405023 B ZA200405023 B ZA 200405023B ZA 200405023 A ZA200405023 A ZA 200405023A ZA 200405023 A ZA200405023 A ZA 200405023A ZA 200405023 B ZA200405023 B ZA 200405023B
- Authority
- ZA
- South Africa
- Prior art keywords
- radical
- salts
- borate
- salt
- radicals
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title description 4
- PHXNQAYVSHPINV-UHFFFAOYSA-N P.OB(O)O Chemical class P.OB(O)O PHXNQAYVSHPINV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- -1 phosphorous borates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical group CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002178 anthracenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001792 phenanthrenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940032159 propylene carbonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000005677 organic carbonates Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetone Substances CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NJMWOUFKYKNWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Chemical compound CCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 NJMWOUFKYKNWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008364 bulk solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- IQQRAVYLUAZUGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium Chemical compound CCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 IQQRAVYLUAZUGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006519 CCH3 Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 101100048447 Caenorhabditis elegans unc-4 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TUCNEACPLKLKNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetyl Chemical compound C[C]=O TUCNEACPLKLKNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011245 gel electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021397 glassy carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004592 isopropanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940073584 methylene chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006053 organic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003459 sulfonic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004832 voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
- C07F5/02—Boron compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
- C07F5/02—Boron compounds
- C07F5/022—Boron compounds without C-boron linkages
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/54—Quaternary phosphonium compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/14—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M6/16—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with organic electrolyte
- H01M6/162—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with organic electrolyte characterised by the electrolyte
- H01M6/166—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with organic electrolyte characterised by the electrolyte by the solute
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01127468 | 2001-11-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ZA200405023B true ZA200405023B (en) | 2005-05-31 |
Family
ID=8179278
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA200405023A ZA200405023B (en) | 2001-11-28 | 2004-06-24 | Phosphorus-borates with low melting points. |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20050000824A1 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP1448574B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP2005515194A (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR20040061002A (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN1596262A (enExample) |
| AT (1) | ATE297938T1 (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU2002346813B2 (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR0214490A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2468416A1 (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE60204719T2 (enExample) |
| IN (1) | IN2004KN00858A (enExample) |
| TW (1) | TW529199B (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2003045960A1 (enExample) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200405023B (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9650586B2 (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2017-05-16 | The Boeing Company | Redox couple-based mitigation of fluid-flow-driven electrochemical surface degradation |
| US20170332096A1 (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2017-11-16 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | System and method for dynamically stitching video streams |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4422975A (en) * | 1981-08-03 | 1983-12-27 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Organic salt compositions in extraction processes |
| DE4316104A1 (de) * | 1993-05-13 | 1994-11-17 | Manfred Wuehr | Elektrolyt zur Anwendung in einer galvanischen Zelle |
| US5827602A (en) * | 1995-06-30 | 1998-10-27 | Covalent Associates Incorporated | Hydrophobic ionic liquids |
| US5824602A (en) * | 1996-10-21 | 1998-10-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Helicon wave excitation to produce energetic electrons for manufacturing semiconductors |
| EP0971854B1 (fr) * | 1998-02-03 | 2006-11-29 | Acep Inc. | Nouveaux materiaux utiles en tant que solutes electrolytiques |
| KR100739482B1 (ko) * | 1998-12-09 | 2007-07-13 | 스미토모 베이클라이트 가부시키가이샤 | 제 10족 금속 착물을 사용하는 노르보르넨형 단량체의 몰드내 첨가 중합반응 |
| US20010033964A1 (en) * | 1999-12-10 | 2001-10-25 | Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Alkylspiroborate salts for use in electrochemical cells |
| DE10026565A1 (de) * | 2000-05-30 | 2001-12-06 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Ionische Flüssigkeiten |
| EP1195834B1 (en) * | 2000-10-03 | 2010-09-15 | Central Glass Company, Limited | Electrolyte for electrochemical device |
-
2001
- 2001-12-04 TW TW090130025A patent/TW529199B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2002
- 2002-10-31 KR KR20047008179A patent/KR20040061002A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2002-10-31 JP JP2003547409A patent/JP2005515194A/ja active Pending
- 2002-10-31 BR BR0214490-5A patent/BR0214490A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-10-31 EP EP02783056A patent/EP1448574B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-10-31 AT AT02783056T patent/ATE297938T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-10-31 CN CNA028236947A patent/CN1596262A/zh active Pending
- 2002-10-31 WO PCT/EP2002/012163 patent/WO2003045960A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-10-31 CA CA002468416A patent/CA2468416A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-10-31 DE DE60204719T patent/DE60204719T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-10-31 IN IN858KON2004 patent/IN2004KN00858A/en unknown
- 2002-10-31 US US10/496,663 patent/US20050000824A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-10-31 AU AU2002346813A patent/AU2002346813B2/en not_active Ceased
-
2004
- 2004-06-24 ZA ZA200405023A patent/ZA200405023B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE297938T1 (de) | 2005-07-15 |
| AU2002346813B2 (en) | 2008-03-20 |
| DE60204719T2 (de) | 2006-05-18 |
| JP2005515194A (ja) | 2005-05-26 |
| TW529199B (en) | 2003-04-21 |
| US20050000824A1 (en) | 2005-01-06 |
| CN1596262A (zh) | 2005-03-16 |
| EP1448574A1 (en) | 2004-08-25 |
| EP1448574B1 (en) | 2005-06-15 |
| KR20040061002A (ko) | 2004-07-06 |
| BR0214490A (pt) | 2004-09-14 |
| IN2004KN00858A (enExample) | 2006-05-19 |
| WO2003045960A1 (en) | 2003-06-05 |
| DE60204719D1 (de) | 2005-07-21 |
| AU2002346813A1 (en) | 2003-06-10 |
| CA2468416A1 (en) | 2003-06-05 |
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