WO2025236451A1 - 电池及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池及用电装置

Info

Publication number
WO2025236451A1
WO2025236451A1 PCT/CN2024/113407 CN2024113407W WO2025236451A1 WO 2025236451 A1 WO2025236451 A1 WO 2025236451A1 CN 2024113407 W CN2024113407 W CN 2024113407W WO 2025236451 A1 WO2025236451 A1 WO 2025236451A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
base layer
housing
layer
surface layer
battery
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2024/113407
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑泽禹
郭新飞
王峰
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025236451A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025236451A1/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/02—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres in the form of fibres or filaments
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/136—Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/155—Lids or covers characterised by the material
    • H01M50/164—Lids or covers characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of power battery technology, and in particular to a battery and an electrical device.
  • the top cover of the battery box is usually made of sheet metal or plastic.
  • the strength of the top cover is usually weak, and the protection effect on the individual battery cells inside the box is poor.
  • this application provides a battery and power supply device that can alleviate the problem of poor strength of the top cover of the battery box.
  • this application provides a battery, comprising:
  • a battery cell ; a housing including a lower housing and an upper housing covering the lower housing, the upper and lower housings defining a receiving cavity for accommodating the battery cell, the upper housing including an inner surface facing the receiving cavity; a structural member for improving the strength of the housing, the structural member including a base layer and a surface layer connected to the base layer, the base layer being connected to the inner surface, and the surface layer being disposed on the side of the structural member facing the receiving cavity.
  • structural components are provided on the inner surface of the upper box to enhance the strength of the upper box.
  • the structural components are set as at least two layers so that different materials can be selected and combined as needed, thereby enabling the structural components to meet different requirements and achieve different effects.
  • the strength of the base layer is less than or equal to the strength of the surface layer.
  • the base layer has low strength, which enables it to have good toughness, so that it is not easy for the base layer to break easily when subjected to the force transmitted by the upper box, thereby enabling the base layer to absorb part of the force to improve the strength of the upper box;
  • the surface layer has high strength, so as to strengthen the strength of the upper box through the surface layer.
  • the elastic modulus of the base layer is less than or equal to the elastic modulus of the surface layer; the elastic modulus of the base layer is greater than or equal to 800 MPa, and the elastic modulus of the surface layer is greater than or equal to 5000 MPa.
  • the technical solution of this embodiment provides a range of elastic moduli for the base layer and the surface layer.
  • the elastic modulus of the base layer is smaller, while the elastic modulus of the surface layer is larger, so that the base layer can mainly play the role of absorbing energy and transmitting force, and the surface layer can mainly play the role of reinforcing the upper box.
  • the elastic modulus of the base layer is greater than or equal to 1000 MPa, and the elastic modulus of the surface layer is greater than or equal to 6000 MPa.
  • the technical solution of this embodiment further provides a range of elastic moduli for the base layer and the surface layer.
  • the base layer can mainly play the role of absorbing energy and transmitting force
  • both the base layer and the surface layer can also play the role of reinforcing the upper box.
  • the thickness of the base layer is greater than the thickness of the surface layer.
  • the base layer is thicker to facilitate deformation under stress and prevent brittle fracture, thus allowing it to absorb some of the energy it bears.
  • the surface layer is thinner, ensuring its strength meets requirements. In situations where space requirements are met, the space occupied by the surface layer is reduced.
  • the thickness of the base layer ranges from 1.0 mm to 2.0 mm, and the thickness of the top layer ranges from 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm.
  • the technical solution of this embodiment provides a range of thicknesses for the base layer and the surface layer.
  • the base layer is thicker, while the surface layer is thinner, so that the base layer can mainly play the role of force transmission and energy absorption, and reduce the space occupied by the surface layer.
  • the top layer is a fire-resistant material layer
  • the base layer is an adhesive material layer to bond the top layer to the inner surface
  • the base layer is an adhesive material layer, which facilitates the connection of the surface layer to the upper housing and also facilitates energy absorption by the base layer, thereby improving the strength of the upper housing.
  • the surface layer is a fireproof material layer, which, provided that the strength of the surface layer meets the requirements, enables the surface layer to prevent the diffusion of heat in the event of battery thermal runaway, thereby reducing the negative impact of battery thermal runaway on the outside world.
  • the base layer is made of one of epoxy resin and rubber
  • the surface layer is made of one of glass fiber, polycarbonate and polyvinylidene fluoride resin.
  • the technical solution of this embodiment provides some specific materials for the base layer and the surface layer, so that the base layer can mainly play the role of energy absorption and bonding, and the surface layer can mainly play the role of strengthening the upper box and fireproofing.
  • the battery cell includes a pressure relief structure; in the height direction of the housing, the projection of the pressure relief structure onto the inner surface lies within the projection of the structural member onto the inner surface.
  • the structural component is positioned above the battery cell pressure relief structure in the height direction of the battery.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas ejected from the pressure relief structure can contact the structural component first, thereby reducing the damage of the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas to the upper casing, alleviating the impact force transmitted to the external environment of the battery, and reducing the temperature transmitted to the external environment of the battery.
  • the upper housing is provided with ribs protruding in the direction of the inner surface; in the height direction of the housing, the projection of the structural member on the inner surface is offset from the projection of the rib on the inner surface.
  • the structural components and ribs are staggered.
  • this setting can reduce the thickness of the upper box at the ribs, thereby reducing the overall thickness of the upper box and reducing the space occupied by the upper box.
  • the upper housing is made of metal material by a stamping process; or the upper housing includes a profile.
  • the technical solution of this embodiment provides some structures for the upper box to enable the upper box to have high strength.
  • a beam is provided in the lower housing, which divides the receiving cavity into at least a first cavity and a second cavity, and the battery cell is received in the first cavity; in the height direction of the housing, the projection of the second cavity on the inner surface is offset from the projection of the structural member on the inner surface.
  • the structural component is mainly positioned opposite to each individual battery cell in the housing, and the structural component is not easily extended to other positions in the upper housing. This allows the structural component to not only strengthen the upper housing but also reduce its overall size, space occupation, and overall weight, thereby lowering the cost of the structural component.
  • the base layer protrudes from the inner surface toward the direction of the battery cell.
  • making the structural component protrude from the inner surface can better increase the strength of the upper box and also reduce the installation difficulty of the structural component.
  • some embodiments of this application also provide a housing, including a lower housing and an upper housing that covers the lower housing, the upper housing and the lower housing defining a receiving cavity for receiving a single battery cell, the upper housing including an inner surface facing the receiving cavity; and a structural member for improving the strength of the housing, the structural member including a base layer and a surface layer connected to the base layer, the base layer... It is connected to the inner surface, and the surface layer is located on the side of the structural component facing the receiving cavity.
  • some embodiments of this application also provide an electrical device, including the battery provided in some embodiments of the first aspect.
  • Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of this application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery provided in some embodiments of this application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application.
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of the upper housing provided in some embodiments of this application.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a structural component provided in some embodiments of this application.
  • Figure 6 is a top view of the upper housing provided in some embodiments of this application.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view at point A-A in Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a magnified view of part B in Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 is a top view of the lower housing provided in some embodiments of this application.
  • the markings in the diagram mean: 1000, vehicles; 100. Battery; 10. Box body; 101. Receiving cavity; 11. Upper box body; 111. Inner surface; 112. Ribs; 12. Lower box body; 121. Beam body; 122, First cavity; 123, Second cavity; 20. Battery cell; 21. Housing; 22. End cap; 23. Electrode assembly; 24. Pressure relief structure; 30. Structural components; 31. Base layer; 32. Surface layer; 200. Motor; 300. Controller.
  • the term "and/or” is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist.
  • a and/or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone.
  • the character "/" in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.
  • multiple refers to two or more (including two), similarly, “multiple sets” refers to two or more (including two sets), and “multiple pieces” refers to two or more (including two pieces).
  • Power batteries are not only used in energy storage systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but also extensively used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric cars, as well as in military equipment and aerospace. With the continuous expansion of power battery applications, market demand is also constantly increasing.
  • the battery casing typically consists of a lower casing and an upper casing.
  • the lower casing primarily supports and protects the individual battery cells, hence its strength is usually high.
  • the upper casing mainly serves to isolate the battery cells from external environmental interference, therefore it is typically made of sheet metal, plastic, or other structural components with lower strength.
  • the upper casing is susceptible to external impacts.
  • the upper casing is easily bumped against the edges and corners of the batteries next to it, causing dents, damage, and even damage to the individual battery cells inside the casing.
  • debris such as gravel can easily collide with the upper casing during vehicle operation, causing dents and deformation, which can lead to damage over long-term driving and render the casing ineffective in protecting the individual battery cells.
  • this application embodiment provides a battery in which a structural component is provided inside the battery box and the structural component is located on the side of the upper casing facing the battery cell; the structural component includes a base layer and a surface layer connected to the base layer, and the base layer is connected to the upper casing, and the surface layer faces the receiving cavity.
  • structural components are integrated into the upper casing, thereby enhancing the strength of the upper casing.
  • the structural components are designed as at least two layers, so that when the upper casing is under stress, each layer of the structural components can distribute the force and provide support to the upper casing, thus improving its strength. Furthermore, this allows the structural components to be made from different materials as needed, enabling them to meet various requirements and achieve different effects, such as fire resistance and heat insulation.
  • the battery disclosed in this application can be used in electrical devices that use batteries as a power source or as a storage device.
  • Various energy storage systems for energy-consuming components can be, but are not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc.
  • electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.
  • the vehicle 1000 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle.
  • the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, or a range-extended electric vehicle, etc.
  • a battery 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000; for example, the battery 100 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000.
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 300 and a motor 200.
  • the controller 300 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 200, for example, to meet the power needs of the vehicle 1000 during startup, navigation, and driving.
  • the battery 100 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 100 includes a housing 10 and battery cells 20, with the battery cells 20 housed within the housing 10.
  • a combination thereof means that multiple battery cells 20 are connected in both series and parallel configurations.
  • Multiple battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof, and then the entire assembly of the multiple battery cells 20 is housed within the housing 10.
  • the battery 100 can also be composed of multiple battery cells 20 first connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof to form a battery 100 module, and then these modules are connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof to form a whole, which is then housed within the housing 10.
  • the battery 100 may also include other structures; for example, the battery 100 may also include a busbar component for electrical connection between the multiple battery cells 20.
  • Each battery cell 20 can be a secondary battery cell or a primary battery cell; it can also be a lithium-sulfur battery cell, a sodium-ion battery cell, or a magnesium-ion battery cell, but is not limited to these.
  • the battery cell 20 can be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes.
  • the battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit that makes up the battery 100. As shown, the battery cell 20 includes an end cap 22, a housing 21, an electrode assembly 23, and other functional components.
  • End cap 22 refers to a component that covers the opening of housing 21 to isolate the internal environment of battery cell 20 from the external environment.
  • the shape of end cap 22 can be adapted to the shape of housing 21 to fit it.
  • end cap 22 can be made of a material with certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy), so that end cap 22 is not easily deformed under pressure and impact, allowing battery cell 20 to have higher structural strength and improved safety performance.
  • Functional components such as electrode terminals can be provided on end cap 22. Electrode terminals can be used for electrical connection with electrode assembly 23 for outputting or inputting electrical energy to battery cell 20.
  • end cap 22 can also be provided with a pressure relief structure 24 for releasing internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of battery cell 20 reaches a threshold.
  • end cap 22 can also be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and this application embodiment does not impose special limitations on this.
  • an insulating element may be provided on the inner side of the end cap 22.
  • the insulating element can be used to isolate the electrical connection components within the housing 21 from the end cap 22 to reduce the risk of short circuits.
  • the insulating element may be made of plastic, rubber, etc.
  • the housing 21 is an assembly used to mate with the end cap 22 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20, wherein the formed interior...
  • the environment can accommodate the electrode assembly 23, electrolyte, and other components.
  • the housing 21 and end cap 22 can be independent components.
  • An opening can be provided on the housing 21, and the end cap 22 can be used to close the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20.
  • the end cap 22 and housing 21 can be integrated.
  • the end cap 22 and housing 21 can form a common connection surface before other components are inserted into the housing.
  • the end cap 22 closes the housing 21.
  • the housing 21 can have various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid, cylindrical, hexagonal prism, etc.
  • the shape of the housing 21 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 23.
  • the material of the housing 21 can be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and this embodiment does not impose any special limitations on this.
  • Electrode assembly 23 is the component in the battery cell 20 where the electrochemical reaction occurs.
  • the casing 21 may contain one or more electrode assemblies 23.
  • the electrode assembly 23 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive and negative electrode sheets, and typically a separator is provided between the positive and negative electrode sheets.
  • the portions of the positive and negative electrode sheets containing active material constitute the main body of the electrode assembly 23, while the portions of the positive and negative electrode sheets without active material each constitute a tab.
  • the positive and negative tabs may be located together at one end of the main body or separately at both ends of the main body. During the charging and discharging process of the battery 100, the positive and negative active materials react with the electrolyte, and the tabs connect to the electrode terminals to form a current loop.
  • a battery 100 including a battery cell 20, a housing 10, and a structural member 30.
  • the housing 10 includes a lower housing 12 and an upper housing 11 covering the lower housing 12.
  • the upper housing 11 and the lower housing 12 define a receiving cavity 101 for accommodating the battery cell 20.
  • the upper housing 11 includes an inner surface 111 facing the receiving cavity 101.
  • the structural member 30 includes a base layer 31 and a surface layer 32 connected to the base layer 31.
  • the base layer 31 is connected to the inner surface 111, and the surface layer 32 is disposed on the side of the structural member 30 facing the receiving cavity 101.
  • the housing 10 is used to provide a space for housing the battery cell 20.
  • the housing 10 may include a frame structure, a box structure or other structures.
  • the shape of the housing 10 may be cuboid, cylindrical or other shapes.
  • the upper housing 11 and the lower housing 12 refer to part of the structure of the housing 10.
  • the upper housing 11 and the lower housing 12 can jointly define the receiving cavity 101 to accommodate the battery cell 20.
  • the upper housing 11 can be directly covered and connected to the lower housing 12, or it can be indirectly connected to the lower housing 12 through an intermediate structure.
  • the upper housing 11 can be fixedly connected to the lower housing 12 by welding, bonding or other means, or it can be detachably connected to the lower housing 12 by snap-fit, screw connection or other means.
  • the upper housing 11 can be a hollow structure with one end open to accommodate part or all of the structure of the battery cell 20.
  • the upper housing 11 can also be a plate-like structure.
  • the shape of the upper housing 11 can be cuboid, cylindrical or other shapes.
  • the material of the upper housing 11 can include metal, plastic or other materials.
  • the lower housing 12 can be a hollow structure with one end open to accommodate part or all of the structure of the battery cell 20.
  • the lower housing 12 can also be a plate-like structure.
  • the shape of the lower housing 12 can be cuboid, cylindrical or other shapes.
  • the material of the lower housing 12 can include metal, plastic or other materials.
  • the lower housing 12 can be connected to the vehicle 1000 to fix the battery 100 to the vehicle 1000. At this time, the upper housing 11 covers the lower housing 12.
  • the inner surface 111 refers to the surface of the upper housing 11 facing the receiving cavity 101. When the battery cell 20 is housed in the housing 10, the inner surface 111 faces the battery cell 20.
  • the inner surface 111 can be a flat plane, an uneven surface, a curved surface, or a surface of other shapes. Depending on the shape of the upper housing 11, the inner surface 111 may include a portion opposite to the top of the upper housing 11, and may also include a portion opposite to the periphery of the upper housing 11. Depending on the shape of the upper housing 11, the shape of the inner surface 111 can be square, circular, or other shapes.
  • Structural component 30 refers to the structure in the battery 100 connected to the upper casing 11 to strengthen the upper casing 11; compared to placing the structural component 30 on the side of the upper casing 11 facing away from the casing 10, placing the structural component 30 on the inner surface 111 is...
  • the structural component 30 can improve the strength of the upper box 11, reduce the volume change of the upper box 11, and reduce the space occupied by the upper box 11.
  • the base layer 31 refers to the structure in the structural component 30 that is connected to the upper housing 11, and the surface layer 32 refers to the structure in the structural component 30 that faces the receiving cavity 101.
  • the base layer 31 can be circular, square, or other shapes, and the surface layer 32 can be circular, square, or other shapes.
  • the shape of the base layer 31 can be the same as or different from the shape of the surface layer 32.
  • the shapes of the base layer 31 and the surface layer 32 can also be set according to the shape of the structural component 30.
  • the thickness of the base layer 31 can be the same as or different from the thickness of the surface layer 32.
  • the material of the base layer 31 can be the same as or different from that of the surface layer 32.
  • the materials of the base layer 31 and the surface layer 32 can have one or more of the following functions: insulation, heat insulation, fireproofing, or others.
  • the base layer 31 may cover only a portion of the inner surface 111; for example, the base layer 31 may only be opposite to the top of the upper housing 11; or the base layer 31 may cover the entire inner surface 111.
  • the base layer 31 may protrude from the inner surface 111, or a groove may be formed in the inner surface 111, into which the base layer 31 and/or the surface layer 32 are embedded.
  • the base layer 31 and the surface layer 32 may be completely embedded in the groove so that the structural member 30 can be completely embedded in the groove; alternatively, a portion of the surface layer 32 may be embedded in the groove, while another portion of the surface layer 32 protrudes from the inner surface 111; or a portion of the base layer 31 may be embedded in the groove, while another portion of the base layer 31 and the surface layer 32 protrude from the inner surface 111.
  • the upper housing 11 When the upper housing 11 is subjected to an external collision, the upper housing 11 can transfer part of the force and energy generated by the collision to the base layer 31, and then to the surface layer 32 through the base layer 31.
  • the base layer 31 is mainly used to transfer force to the surface layer 32, and in the process of force transfer, it shares part of the force and absorbs part of the energy.
  • the surface layer 32 is mainly used to bear the force and energy transferred by the base layer 31. Accordingly, the structural component 30 can share and absorb the force and energy borne by the upper housing 11 through the base layer 31 and the surface layer 32, thereby achieving the effect of improving the strength of the upper housing 11.
  • the structural component 30 can also prevent the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 from directly contacting the upper housing 11, thereby protecting the upper housing 11. At the same time, the structural component 30 can also mitigate the impact of the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas on the upper housing 11, thereby reducing the deformation of the upper housing 11 and thus improving the strength of the upper housing 11.
  • the structural component 30 is integrated into the upper housing 11, thereby strengthening the upper housing 11.
  • the structural component 30 is configured as a structure with at least two layers. When the upper housing 11 is under stress, each layer of the structural component 30 can share and distribute the force on the upper housing 11, and each layer of the structural component 30 can provide support for the upper housing 11, thus improving the strength of the upper housing 11. Simultaneously, it allows the structural component 30 to be combined with different materials as needed, thereby enabling the structural component 30 to meet different requirements and achieve different effects, such as fire resistance and heat insulation.
  • the strength of the base layer 31 is less than or equal to the strength of the surface layer 32.
  • the X-axis is the length direction of the upper box 11 and the length direction of the structural component 30;
  • the Y-axis is the width direction of the upper box 11 and the width direction of the structural component 30;
  • the Z-axis is the height direction of the upper box 11 and the thickness direction of the structural component 30.
  • the strength of the base layer 31 can be relatively low, so that the base layer 31 is easy to process.
  • the lower strength of the base layer 31 also allows the base layer 31 to have better toughness.
  • this design allows the base layer 31 to deform more easily and not easily break, so that the base layer 31 can better transfer part of the force it bears to the surface layer 32.
  • the deformation of the base layer 31 also facilitates its better absorption of energy, thereby improving the strength of the upper housing 11.
  • the surface layer 32 is mainly used to provide support for the upper box 11. Therefore, the surface layer 32 can have higher strength so that it can better support the upper box 11 and improve the strength of the upper box 11.
  • the base layer 31 has low strength, which allows it to have good toughness, making it less prone to brittle fracture when subjected to the force transmitted by the upper housing 11. This allows the base layer 31 to absorb some of the force and improve the strength of the upper housing 11.
  • the surface layer 32 has high strength, which strengthens the upper housing 11.
  • the elastic modulus of the base layer 31 is less than or equal to the elastic modulus of the surface layer 32; the elastic modulus of the base layer 31 is greater than or equal to 800 MPa, and the elastic modulus of the surface layer 32 is greater than or equal to 5000 MPa.
  • the elastic modulus of a material is a performance parameter used to measure the material's resistance to elastic deformation energy.
  • the elastic modulus of a material can be measured through a tensile test, which involves applying a tensile force to the material to cause deformation and obtaining a stress-strain curve. The elastic modulus can then be determined by the slope of the neutral region of the linear stress-strain curve.
  • the elastic modulus can also be measured through a compression test, which involves applying a compressive force perpendicular to the material surface to cause deformation and obtaining a stress-strain curve. The elastic modulus can then be determined by the slope of the neutral region of the linear stress-strain curve.
  • the elastic modulus can be measured through a bending test, which involves placing the material on a support and applying a force to bend it, measuring the deformation and stress after bending, and then calculating the elastic modulus analytically. It is understood that the elastic modulus of a material can also be measured in other ways, not limited to the methods mentioned above.
  • the elastic modulus of the base layer 31 is greater than 800 MPa.
  • the elastic modulus of the base layer 31 can be 800 MPa, 850 MPa, 900 MPa, 950 MPa, 1000 MPa or other values.
  • the elastic modulus of the surface layer 32 is greater than 5000MPa.
  • the elastic modulus of the surface layer 32 can be 5000MPa, 6000MPa, 7000MPa, 8000MPa, 9000MPa, 10000MPa or other values.
  • the elastic modulus of the base layer 31 can be less than that of the surface layer 32, so that the base layer 31 is more susceptible to deformation under stress than the surface layer 32. This allows the base layer 31 to better absorb energy and transfer part of the force it receives to the surface layer 32.
  • the elastic modulus of the surface layer 32 can be greater than that of the base layer 31, so that the surface layer 32 is less susceptible to deformation under stress. This allows the surface layer 32 to better support the upper housing 11 and also prevents the surface layer 32 from deforming under stress on the upper housing 11 and compressing the battery cells 20, thus better protecting the battery cells 20.
  • the elastic modulus of the base layer 31 can be equal to that of the surface layer 32, so that both the base layer 31 and the surface layer 32 can provide support for the upper housing 11.
  • the elastic modulus of the base layer 31 can be 800 MPa, and the elastic modulus of the surface layer 32 can be 5000 MPa, so that the base layer 31 can absorb the energy it receives and transmit the force it receives, and the surface layer 32 can better support the upper box 11; at the same time, while meeting the strength requirements, the elastic modulus of the base layer 31 and the surface layer 32 is not too high, so that the base layer 31 and the surface layer 32 are easier to process, reducing the processing difficulty and improving processing efficiency.
  • the elastic modulus of the base layer 31 can be much greater than 800MPa; if the strength of the surface layer 32 meets the requirements, the elastic modulus of the surface layer 32 can be much greater than 5000MPa.
  • the elastic modulus of the base layer 31 is relatively small, while the elastic modulus of the surface layer 32 is relatively large, so that the base layer 31 can mainly play the role of absorbing energy and transmitting force, and the surface layer 32 can mainly play the role of reinforcing the upper box 11.
  • the elastic modulus of the base layer 31 is greater than or equal to 1000 MPa, and the elastic modulus of the surface layer 32 is greater than or equal to 6000 MPa.
  • the elastic modulus of the base layer 31 is greater than 1000MPa.
  • the elastic modulus of the base layer 31 can be 100MPa, 1500MPa, 2000MPa, 2500MPa, 3000MPa or other values.
  • the elastic modulus of the surface layer 32 is greater than 5000MPa.
  • the elastic modulus of the surface layer 32 can be 6000MPa, 8000MPa, 10000MPa, 12000MPa, 15000MPa, 20000MPa or other values.
  • the elastic modulus of the base layer 31 can be 1000 MPa, and the elastic modulus of the surface layer 32 can be 6000 MPa, so that the base layer 31 can be used to absorb the energy it receives and to transmit the force it receives.
  • this arrangement also enables the base layer 31 to provide better support for the upper housing 11, and also enables the surface layer 32 to provide better support for the upper housing 11.
  • This embodiment further provides a range of elastic moduli for the base layer 31 and the surface layer 32.
  • the base layer 31 can mainly play the role of absorbing energy and transmitting force
  • the base layer 31 and the surface layer 32 can also play the role of reinforcing the upper box.
  • the thickness of the base layer 31 is greater than the thickness of the surface layer 32.
  • the thickness of the base layer 31 refers to the dimension of the base layer 31 in the thickness direction of the structural component 30, and the thickness of the surface layer 32 refers to the dimension of the surface layer 32 in the thickness direction of the structural component 30.
  • the thickness of the base layer 31 is the dimension shown in h1
  • the thickness of the surface layer 32 is the dimension shown in h2.
  • the base layer 31 is mainly used to absorb the energy it receives and to transmit force to the surface layer 32, the thickness of the base layer 31 is relatively large so that the base layer 31 can better play the role of energy absorption. At the same time, this setting can also reduce the deformation of the base layer 31, so that the base layer 31 can deform to transmit force to the surface layer 32 without the deformation of the base layer 31 being too large, thereby reducing the possibility of the surface layer 32 being subjected to excessive force and breaking.
  • the surface layer 32 is mainly used to provide support for the upper housing 11, its thickness is kept small while ensuring that the strength of the surface layer 32 meets the requirements. This reduces the space occupied by the surface layer 32, thereby reducing the negative impact of the structural component 30 on the energy density of the battery 100. It also reduces the weight of the structural component 30, thereby reducing the overall weight of the battery 100.
  • the base layer 31 is thicker so that it can deform under stress, thereby facilitating the absorption of some of the energy it bears; the surface layer 32 is thinner, which reduces the space occupied by the surface layer 32 while ensuring that the strength of the surface layer 32 meets the requirements.
  • the thickness of the base layer 31 ranges from 1.0 mm to 2.0 mm.
  • the thickness of the base layer 31 is the dimension shown as h1 in the figure.
  • the thickness of the base layer 31 can be 1.0 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.8 mm, 2.0 mm or other values.
  • the thickness of the surface layer 32 ranges from 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm.
  • the thickness of the surface layer 32 is the dimension shown in h2.
  • the thickness of the surface layer 32 can be 0.10 mm, 0.125 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.175 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.225 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.275 mm, 0.3 mm or other values.
  • the thickness of the base layer 31 can be 1.0 mm and the thickness of the surface layer 32 can be 0.1 mm. At this time, the thickness of both the base layer 31 and the surface layer 32 is relatively small. Under the condition that the overall strength of the structural component 30 meets the requirements, this setting can reduce the occupation of the internal space of the housing 10 by the structural component 30, thereby reducing the negative impact of the structural component 30 on the energy density of the battery 100.
  • the thickness of the base layer 31 can be 1.5 mm, and the thickness of the surface layer 32 can be 0.2 mm. At this time, the thickness of the base layer 31 and the surface layer 32 is moderate, so that the structural component 30 can not only provide support for the upper box 11 to improve the strength of the upper box 11, but also reduce the space occupied by the structural component 30 in the internal space of the box 10.
  • the thickness of the base layer 31 can be 2.0 mm, and the thickness of the surface layer 32 can be 0.3 mm.
  • the thickness of both the base layer 31 and the surface layer 32 is relatively large, so that the structural component 30 can better support the upper housing 11, thereby increasing the overall strength of the upper housing 11 and better protecting the battery cell 20.
  • This embodiment provides some thickness ranges for the base layer 31 and the surface layer 32, with the base layer 31 being relatively thick, while the surface layer 32...
  • the thickness is relatively thin so that the base layer 31 can mainly play the role of force transmission and energy absorption, and reduce the space occupied by the surface layer 32.
  • the surface layer 32 is a fire-resistant material layer; the base layer 31 is an adhesive material layer to bond the surface layer 32 to the inner surface 111.
  • a fire-resistant material layer refers to a structure with fire-resistant properties.
  • the materials used in a fire-resistant material layer can include fire-resistant materials, such as calcium carbonate, magnesium and its compounds, mineral wool, or other materials with fire-resistant properties.
  • the surface layer 32 is made of fire-resistant material so that it can both provide support for the upper housing 11 to enhance its strength and improve its fire resistance. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell 20, this design can reduce the spread of flames inside the housing 10 to the outside of the housing 10.
  • a sticky material layer refers to a structure with adhesive properties.
  • the material of the sticky material layer can include adhesive materials, such as silicone, polyurethane, polyacrylic resin, epoxy resin, or other adhesive materials.
  • the base layer 31 is made of an adhesive material layer so that the base layer 31 can bond the surface layer 32 to the inner surface 111 of the upper box 11. At the same time, this arrangement also allows the base layer 31 to better absorb the energy it receives, thereby improving the strength of the upper box 11.
  • the base layer 31 is an adhesive material layer, which facilitates the connection of the surface layer 32 to the upper housing 11 and also facilitates the absorption of energy by the base layer 31, thereby improving the strength of the upper housing 11;
  • the surface layer 32 is a fireproof material layer, which, when the strength of the surface layer 32 meets the requirements, enables the surface layer 32 to prevent the diffusion of heat in the event of thermal runaway of the battery 100, thereby reducing the negative impact of thermal runaway of the battery 100 on the outside world.
  • the base layer 31 is made of one of epoxy resin and rubber
  • the surface layer 32 is made of one of glass fiber, polycarbonate and polyvinylidene fluoride resin.
  • the base layer 31 can be made of epoxy resin, rubber, or other materials, so that the base layer 31 can both connect the surface layer 32 to the upper housing 11 and absorb the energy it receives, as well as transmit the force it receives.
  • Epoxy resin has excellent adhesive properties and can adhere to a variety of materials; at the same time, after curing, epoxy resin has high tensile, compressive, and flexural strength, low shrinkage after curing, and good insulation properties. Rubber has good adhesive properties and can be formulated differently to adhere to different materials; at the same time, rubber has excellent elasticity and good insulation properties.
  • the material of base layer 31 can also include other materials, not just epoxy resin and rubber.
  • the surface layer 32 may be made of glass fiber, polycarbonate, polyvinylidene fluoride resin, or other materials to give it high strength.
  • Glass fiber has high tensile strength and modulus of elasticity, good insulation properties, low density, and is easy to process.
  • Polycarbonate has high strength, rigidity, and toughness, good insulation properties, and is easy to process.
  • Polyvinylidene fluoride resin has high tensile and compressive strength, good toughness, good insulation properties, good non-flammability and self-extinguishing properties, and is easy to process.
  • the material of surface layer 32 can also include other materials, not limited to glass fiber, polycarbonate, and polyvinylidene fluoride resin.
  • This embodiment provides specific materials for the base layer 31 and the surface layer 32, so that the base layer 31 can mainly play the role of energy absorption and bonding, and the surface layer 32 can mainly play the role of strengthening the upper box 11 and fireproofing.
  • the battery cell 20 includes a pressure relief structure 24; in the height direction of the housing 10, the projection of the pressure relief structure 24 onto the inner surface 111 is located in the projection of the structural member 30 onto the inner surface 111.
  • Pressure relief structure 24 refers to a structure used to release internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the housing 21 of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold.
  • Pressure relief structure 24 may include pressure relief valve, pressure relief diaphragm, or other pressure relief structures 24; a battery cell
  • the battery cell 20 may have only one pressure relief structure 24 or two or more pressure relief structures 24; the pressure relief structure 24 may be located on the end cover 22 or at other locations on the battery cell 20.
  • the projection of the pressure relief structure 24 on the inner surface 111 is located in the projection of the structural member 30 on the inner surface 111, that is, the structural member 30 can cover the pressure relief structure 24 in the height direction Z of the housing 10.
  • the structural component 30 can separate the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas from the upper housing 11, thereby reducing the damage of the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas to the upper housing 11, and at the same time, it can also prevent the temperature from being conducted to the upper housing 11, thereby reducing the temperature of the upper housing 11 and reducing the negative impact on the outside world.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 can easily directly impact the upper housing 11; at this time, the structural component 30 can withstand the impact of the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas, thereby alleviating the deformation of the upper housing 11 under the impact of the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas.
  • the structural component 30 is positioned above the pressure relief structure 24 of the battery cell 20 in the height direction of the battery 100.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas ejected from the pressure relief structure 24 can first contact the structural component 30, thereby reducing the damage of the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas to the upper housing 11, alleviating the impact force transmitted to the external environment of the battery 100, and reducing the temperature transmitted to the external environment of the battery 100.
  • the upper housing 11 is provided with ribs 112 protruding in the direction of the inner surface 111; in the height direction of the housing 10, the projection of the structural member 30 on the inner surface 111 is offset from the projection of the ribs 112 on the inner surface 111.
  • Rib 112 refers to the structure in the upper housing 11 that protrudes from the inner surface 111. Since the inner surface 111 is located on the side of the upper housing 11 facing the battery cell 20, the rib 112 protrudes from the inner surface 111 in the direction of the battery cell 20. When the upper housing 11 is above the battery cell 20, the rib 112 protrudes downward from the inner surface 111.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the rib 112 along its radial direction may include a semi-circular, square, trapezoidal, or other shapes; there may be one rib 112, or two or more ribs; the rib 112 may be fixedly connected to the upper housing 11 by welding, bonding, or other means, or may be detachably connected to the upper housing 11 by snap-fit, screwing, or other means; the rib 112 may also be integrally formed with the upper housing 11; depending on the formation of the rib 112, a groove opposite to the rib 112 may be provided on the side of the upper housing 11 opposite to the inner surface 111, and the side of the upper housing 11 opposite to the inner surface 111 may also be a plane; the material of the rib 112 may include metal, plastic, or other materials, and depending on the formation of the rib 112, the material of the rib 112 may be the same as or different from the material of the upper housing 11.
  • the projection of the structural component 30 onto the inner surface 111 is offset from the projection of the rib 112 onto the inner surface 111. That is, the rib 112 and the structural component 30 are located at different positions on the inner surface 111, and the structural component 30 does not cover the rib 112. Since both the rib 112 and the structural component 30 are structures protruding from the inner surface 111, this arrangement prevents the rib 112 and the structural component 30 from overlapping in the height direction Z of the housing 10, thereby reducing the overall thickness of the upper housing 11 and thus reducing the negative impact of the structural component 30 and the rib 112 on the energy density of the battery 100; at the same time, it also facilitates the installation of the structural component 30.
  • the structural member 30 is staggered from the rib 112.
  • this arrangement can reduce the thickness of the upper box 11 at the rib 112, thereby reducing the overall thickness of the upper box 11 and reducing the space occupied by the upper box 11.
  • the upper housing 11 is made of metal material by a stamping process; or the upper housing 11 includes a profile.
  • Stamping is a processing technology that uses molds and stamping equipment to apply pressure to materials, causing them to plastically deform to obtain a certain shape, size, and properties.
  • the upper housing 11 is formed from metal materials using stamping, and the strength of the upper housing 11 is improved by adjusting the processing technology.
  • the upper housing 11 is mostly a sheet metal structure or a plastic structure. This structure increases the strength of the upper housing 11.
  • Profiles refer to metal structures that have been plastically processed and have a certain cross-sectional shape and size.
  • the cross-section of a profile can be a solid structure or a hollow structure.
  • the upper box 11 may include one profile or multiple profiles.
  • the upper box 11 usually has good strength and energy absorption performance; since the current upper box 11 is mostly sheet metal or plastic structure, this setting can increase the strength of the upper box 11.
  • This embodiment provides some structures for the upper housing 11 so that the upper housing 11 can have high strength.
  • the lower housing 12 is provided with a beam 121, which divides the receiving cavity 101 into at least a first cavity 122 and a second cavity 123.
  • the battery cell 20 is received in the first cavity 122.
  • the projection of the second cavity 123 on the inner surface 111 is offset from the projection of the structural member 30 on the inner surface 111.
  • the beam 121 refers to the beam structure set on the lower housing 12.
  • the beam 121 can be the expansion beam of the battery 100 or other beam structures.
  • the number of beams 121 can be one, two or more.
  • the beam 121 can be fixedly connected to the lower housing 12 by welding, bonding or other means, or it can be detachably connected to the lower housing 12 by screwing, snap-fitting or other means.
  • the material of the beam 121 can include metal, plastic or other materials.
  • the beam 121 can divide the receiving cavity 101 into at least a first cavity 122 and a second cavity 123. That is, the beam 121 can divide the receiving cavity 101 into only the first cavity 122 and the second cavity 123, or it can divide it into other cavities.
  • the first cavity 122 is used to accommodate the battery cell 20, and the second cavity 123 can also accommodate other electrical structures of the battery 100, or other structures.
  • the projection of the second cavity 123 onto the inner surface 111 is offset from the projection of the structural member 30 onto the inner surface 111. That is, the structural member 30 is staggered with the second cavity 123 in the height direction Z of the housing 10, without extending above the second cavity 123, so that the structural member 30 can be mainly opposite to the battery cell 20. Since the structural member 30 is mainly used to improve the strength of the upper housing 11 to better protect the battery cell 20, this arrangement can reduce the overall volume of the structural member 30 while meeting the requirements for protecting the battery cell 20, thereby reducing the weight and space occupation of the structural member 30.
  • the structural component 30 is mainly positioned opposite to each battery cell 20 in the housing 10, and the structural component 30 is not easily extended to other positions in the upper housing 11. This allows the structural component 30 to not only strengthen the upper housing 11, but also reduce the overall size of the structural component 30, reduce the space occupied by the structural component 30, reduce the overall weight of the upper housing 11, and lower the cost of the structural component 30.
  • the base layer 31 protrudes from the inner surface 111 toward the direction of proximity to the battery cell 20.
  • the base layer 31 Since the base layer 31 is connected to the inner surface 111, the base layer 31 protrudes from the inner surface 111 in the direction close to the battery cell 20, which means that the structural component 30 protrudes from the inner surface 111 in the direction close to the battery cell 20.
  • having the structural component 30 protrude from the inner surface 111 allows the upper housing 11 to have a thicker overall thickness at the structural component 30, thereby better strengthening the upper housing 11 and reducing the installation difficulty of the structural component 30.
  • the battery 100 includes a battery cell 20 and a housing 10.
  • the housing 10 includes an upper housing 11 and a lower housing 12 that cover each other.
  • the upper housing 11 and the lower housing 12 form a receiving cavity 101, in which the battery cell 20 is received.
  • a structural member 30 is provided on the side of the upper housing 11 facing the receiving cavity 101, which is located above the battery cell 20 and opposite to the pressure relief structure 24 of the battery cell 20; at the same time, the structural member 30 is staggered with the ribs 112 of the upper housing 11.
  • Structural component 30 includes a base layer 31 and a surface layer 32 stacked together.
  • the base layer 31 is connected to the upper housing 11, and the surface layer 32 is connected to the base layer 31.
  • the base layer 31 is an adhesive material layer, while the surface layer 32 is a fire-resistant material layer.
  • the thickness of the base layer 31 is greater than [missing information].
  • the thickness of the surface layer 32, and the elastic modulus of the base layer 31 is less than the elastic modulus of the surface layer 32.
  • some embodiments of this application also provide a housing 10, wherein the housing 10 includes a lower housing 12 and an upper housing 11 covering the lower housing 12, the upper housing 11 and the lower housing 12 defining a receiving cavity 101 for receiving a battery cell 20, the upper housing 11 including an inner surface 111 facing the receiving cavity 101; the structural member 30 includes a base layer 31 and a surface layer 32 connected to the base layer 31, the base layer 31 being connected to the inner surface 111, and the surface layer 32 being disposed on the side of the structural member 30 facing the receiving cavity 101.
  • the housing 10 is used to provide a space for housing the battery cell 20.
  • the housing 10 may include a frame structure, a box structure or other structures.
  • the shape of the housing 10 may be cuboid, cylindrical or other shapes.
  • the upper housing 11 and the lower housing 12 refer to part of the structure of the housing 10.
  • the upper housing 11 and the lower housing 12 can jointly define the receiving cavity 101 to accommodate the battery cell 20.
  • the upper housing 11 can be directly covered and connected to the lower housing 12, or it can be indirectly connected to the lower housing 12 through an intermediate structure.
  • the upper housing 11 can be fixedly connected to the lower housing 12 by welding, bonding or other means, or it can be detachably connected to the lower housing 12 by snap-fit, screw connection or other means.
  • the upper housing 11 can be a hollow structure with one end open to accommodate part or all of the structure of the battery cell 20.
  • the upper housing 11 can also be a plate-like structure.
  • the shape of the upper housing 11 can be cuboid, cylindrical or other shapes.
  • the material of the upper housing 11 can include metal, plastic or other materials.
  • the lower housing 12 can be a hollow structure with one end open to accommodate part or all of the structure of the battery cell 20.
  • the lower housing 12 can also be a plate-like structure.
  • the shape of the lower housing 12 can be cuboid, cylindrical or other shapes.
  • the material of the lower housing 12 can include metal, plastic or other materials.
  • the lower housing 12 can be connected to the vehicle 1000 to fix the battery 100 to the vehicle 1000. At this time, the upper housing 11 covers the lower housing 12.
  • the inner surface 111 refers to the surface of the upper housing 11 facing the receiving cavity 101. When the battery cell 20 is housed in the housing 10, the inner surface 111 faces the battery cell 20.
  • the inner surface 111 can be a flat plane, an uneven surface, a curved surface, or a surface of other shapes. Depending on the shape of the upper housing 11, the inner surface 111 may include a portion opposite to the top of the upper housing 11, and may also include a portion opposite to the periphery of the upper housing 11. Depending on the shape of the upper housing 11, the shape of the inner surface 111 can be square, circular, or other shapes.
  • Structural component 30 refers to the structure in battery 100 connected to the upper casing 11 to strengthen the upper casing 11. Compared to placing structural component 30 on the side of the upper casing 11 facing away from the casing 10, placing structural component 30 on the inner surface 111 can not only improve the strength of the upper casing 11, but also reduce the volume change of the upper casing 11 and reduce the space occupied by the upper casing 11.
  • the base layer 31 refers to the structure in the structural component 30 that is connected to the upper housing 11, and the surface layer 32 refers to the structure in the structural component 30 that faces the receiving cavity 101.
  • the base layer 31 can be circular, square, or other shapes, and the surface layer 32 can be circular, square, or other shapes.
  • the shape of the base layer 31 can be the same as or different from the shape of the surface layer 32.
  • the shapes of the base layer 31 and the surface layer 32 can also be set according to the shape of the structural component 30.
  • the thickness of the base layer 31 can be the same as or different from the thickness of the surface layer 32.
  • the material of the base layer 31 can be the same as or different from that of the surface layer 32.
  • the materials of the base layer 31 and the surface layer 32 can have one or more of the following functions: insulation, heat insulation, fireproofing, or others.
  • the base layer 31 may cover only a portion of the inner surface 111; for example, the base layer 31 may only be opposite to the top of the upper housing 11; or the base layer 31 may cover the entire inner surface 111.
  • the base layer 31 can protrude from the inner surface 111, or a groove can be formed on the inner surface 111, and the base layer 31 and/or the groove can be formed on the inner surface 111.
  • the surface layer 32 may be embedded in the groove.
  • the base layer 31 and the surface layer 32 may be completely embedded in the groove so that the structural member 30 can be completely embedded in the groove; or a portion of the surface layer 32 may be embedded in the groove, while another portion of the surface layer 32 protrudes from the inner surface 111; or a portion of the base layer 31 may be embedded in the groove, while another portion of the base layer 31 and the surface layer 32 protrude from the inner surface 111.
  • the upper housing 11 When the upper housing 11 is subjected to an external collision, the upper housing 11 can transfer part of the force and energy generated by the collision to the base layer 31, and then to the surface layer 32 through the base layer 31.
  • the base layer 31 is mainly used to transfer force to the surface layer 32, and in the process of force transfer, it shares part of the force and absorbs part of the energy.
  • the surface layer 32 is mainly used to bear the force and energy transferred by the base layer 31. Accordingly, the structural component 30 can share and absorb the force and energy borne by the upper housing 11 through the base layer 31 and the surface layer 32, thereby achieving the effect of improving the strength of the upper housing 11.
  • the structural component 30 can also prevent the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 from directly contacting the upper housing 11, thereby protecting the upper housing 11. At the same time, the structural component 30 can also mitigate the impact of the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas on the upper housing 11, thereby reducing the deformation of the upper housing 11 and thus improving the strength of the upper housing 11.
  • the structural component 30 is integrated into the upper housing 11, thereby strengthening the upper housing 11.
  • the structural component 30 is configured as a structure with at least two layers. When the upper housing 11 is under stress, each layer of the structural component 30 can share and distribute the force on the upper housing 11, and each layer of the structural component 30 can provide support for the upper housing 11, thus improving the strength of the upper housing 11. Simultaneously, it allows the structural component 30 to be combined with different materials as needed, thereby enabling the structural component 30 to meet different requirements and achieve different effects, such as fire resistance and heat insulation.
  • some embodiments of this application also provide an electrical device, including a battery 100 provided in some embodiments of the first aspect, or a housing 10 provided in some embodiments of the second aspect.
  • the upper casing 11 of battery 100 has high strength, thereby reducing the possibility of deformation or damage to the upper casing 11 caused by the external environment, which in turn damages the battery cells 20.
  • the structural component 30 can still protect the battery cells 20.

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
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  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

一种电池(100)及用电装置，包括：电池单体(20)；箱体(10)，包括下箱体(12)以及盖合于下箱体(12)的上箱体(11)，上箱体(11)和下箱体(12)限定出用于容纳电池单体(20)的容纳腔(101)，上箱体(11)包括朝向容纳腔(101)的内表面(111)；结构件(30)，用于提高箱体(10)的强度，结构件(30)包括基层(31)以及连接于基层（31）的面层(32)，基层(31)连接于内表面(111)，面层(32)设于结构件(30)朝向容纳腔(101)的一侧；提供的电池(100)在上箱体(11)的内表面设置结构件(30)，以通过结构件(30)加强上箱体(11)的强度；将结构件(30)设置为至少两层的结构，以使得结构件(30)可以根据需要选择不同的材质进行组合，从而使得结构件（30）能够满足不同的需求，达到不同的效果。

Description

电池及用电装置
本申请要求于2024年5月15日提交中国专利局，申请号为202421060615.9，发明名称为“电池及用电装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及动力电池技术领域，特别涉及一种电池及用电装置。
背景技术
节能减排是汽车产业可持续发展的关键，电动车辆由于其节能环保的优势成为汽车产业可持续发展的重要组成部分。对于电动车辆而言，电池技术又是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。
目前的电池中，电池箱体的上盖通常为钣金件或塑料件，上盖强度通常较弱，对箱体内的电池单体的保护效果较差。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本申请提供了一种电池及用电装置，能够缓解电池箱体的上盖强度较差的问题。
第一方面，本申请提供一种电池，包括：
电池单体；箱体，包括下箱体以及盖合于下箱体的上箱体，上箱体和下箱体限定出用于容纳电池单体的容纳腔，上箱体包括朝向容纳腔的内表面；结构件，用于提高所述箱体的强度，结构件包括基层以及连接于基层的面层，基层连接于内表面，面层设于结构件朝向容纳腔的一侧。
本实施例的技术方案中，在上箱体的内表面设置结构件，以通过结构件加强上箱体的强度；将结构件设置为至少两层的结构，以使得结构件可以根据需要选择不同的材质进行组合，从而使得结构件能够满足不同的需求，达到不同的效果。
在一些实施例中，基层的强度小于或等于面层的强度。
本实施例的技术方案中，基层的强度较低，使得基层能够具有较好的韧性，以使得基层在承受上箱体传递的力的情况下不易发生脆断等情况，从而使得基层能够吸收部分的力以提高上箱体的强度；面层的强度较高，以通过面层加强上箱体的强度。
在一些实施例中，基层的弹性模量小于或等于面层的弹性模量；基层的弹性模量大于或等于800MPa，面层的弹性模量大于或等于5000Mpa。
本实施例的技术方案提供了一些基层和面层的弹性模量的范围，基层的弹性模量较小，而面层的弹性模量较大，以使得基层能够主要起到吸能和传力的作用，并使得面层能够主要起到加强上箱体的作用。
在一些实施例中，基层的弹性模量大于或等于1000MPa，面层的弹性模量大于或等于6000Mpa。
本实施例的技术方案进一步提供了一些基层和面层的弹性模量的范围，在基层能够主要起到吸能和传力的作用的前提下，还使得基层和面层均能够起到加强上箱体的作用。
在一些实施例中，基层的厚度大于面层的厚度。
本实施例的技术方案中，基层的厚度较厚，以便于基层在受力后发生形变，并使基层不易脆断，从而便于基层吸收其承受的部分能量；面层的厚度较薄，在面层的强度符合需 求的情况下，减少了面层的空间占用。
在一些实施例中，基层的厚度范围为1.0mm～2.0mm，面层的厚度范围为0.1mm～0.3mm。
本实施例的技术方案提供了一些基层和面层的厚度范围，基层的厚度较大，而面层的厚度较小，以使得基层能够主要起到传力和吸能的作用，并减小了面层的空间占用。
在一些实施例中，面层为防火材料层；基层为粘性材料层，以将面层粘接于内表面。
本实施例的技术方案中，基层为粘性材料层，以便于将面层连接于上箱体，同时还便于基层吸收能量，从而提高了上箱体的强度；面层为防火材料层，在面层的强度符合需求的情况下，使得面层能够在电池热失控的情况下阻碍热量的扩散，减低电池热失控对外界的负面影响。
在一些实施例中，基层的材质包括环氧树脂和橡胶中的一种，面层的材质包括玻璃纤维、聚碳酸酯和聚偏氟乙烯树脂中的一种。
本实施例的技术方案提供了一些基层和面层的具体材料，以使得基层能够主要起到吸能和粘接的作用，并使得面层能够主要起到加强上箱体和防火的作用。
在一些实施例中，电池单体包括泄压结构；在箱体的高度方向上，泄压结构于内表面的投影位于结构件于内表面的投影中。
本实施例的技术方案中，在电池的高度方向上，使结构件处于电池单体泄压结构的上方，在电池单体热失控的情况下，自泄压结构喷出的高温高压烟气能够先接触结构件，从而减少了高温高压烟气对上箱体的损伤，也缓解了传递至电池外部环境中的冲击力，降低了传递至电池外部环境中的温度。
在一些实施例中，上箱体朝向内表面的方向上凸设有筋条；在箱体的高度方向上，结构件于内表面的投影与筋条于内表面的投影错开。
本实施例的技术方案中，使结构件与筋条错开，在上箱体上设置结构件的情况下，该设置能够减小上箱体在筋条处的厚度，从而能够减小上箱体的整体厚度，减少上箱体的空间占用。
在一些实施例中，上箱体为金属材料经冲压成型工艺制成；或上箱体包括型材。
本实施例的技术方案提供了一些上箱体的结构，以使得上箱体能够具有较高的强度。
在一些实施例中，下箱体内设有梁体，梁体将容纳腔至少分为第一空腔和第二空腔，电池单体容纳于第一空腔中；在箱体的高度方向上，第二空腔于内表面的投影与结构件于内表面的投影错开。
本实施例的技术方案中，使结构件主要与箱体中的各电池单体相对，并使得结构件不易延伸至上箱体的其他位置，以使得结构件既能够起到加强上箱体强度的作用，还能够减少结构件的整体尺寸，减少结构件的空间占用，并减小上箱体的整体重量，降低结构件的成本。
在一些实施例中，基层朝向靠近电池单体的方向凸设于内表面。
本实施例的技术方案中，使结构件凸设于内表面能够更好的增加上箱体的强度，还能够降低结构件的安装难度。
第二方面，本申请的一些实施例还提供了一种箱体，包括下箱体以及盖合于下箱体的上箱体，上箱体和下箱体限定出用于容纳电池单体的容纳腔，上箱体包括朝向容纳腔的内表面；以及结构件，用于提高箱体的强度，结构件包括基层以及连接于基层的面层，基层 连接于内表面，面层设于结构件朝向容纳腔的一侧。
第三方面，本申请的一些实施例还提供了一种用电装置，包括第一方面的一些实施例提供的电池。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
通过阅读对下文优选实施方式的详细描述，各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的，而并不认为是对本申请的限制。而且在全部附图中，用相同的附图标号表示相同的部件。在附图中：
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的爆炸结构示意图；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的爆炸结构示意图；
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的上箱体的立体示意图；
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的结构件的剖视示意图；
图6为本申请一些实施例提供的上箱体的俯视示意图；
图7为图6中A-A处的剖视示意图；
图8为图7中B处的局部放大示意图；
图9为本申请一些实施例提供的下箱体的俯视示意图。
图中标记的含义为：
1000、车辆；
100、电池；
10、箱体；101、容纳腔；11、上箱体；111、内表面；112、筋条；12、下箱体；121、
梁体；122、第一空腔；123、第二空腔；
20、电池单体；21、壳体；22、端盖；23、电极组件；24、泄压结构；
30、结构件；31、基层；32、面层；
200、马达；
300、控制器。
本发明的实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的 实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，动力电池的应用越加广泛。动力电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着动力电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
目前的电池中，电池的箱体通常包括下箱体和上箱体。其中，下箱体主要用于承载电池单体并为电池单体提供保护，故下箱体的强度通常较高。相较于下箱体，上箱体主要用于阻隔箱体之外的环境对电池单体的干扰，故上箱体通常为钣金件、塑料件或其他强度较低的结构件。
但是，在电池运输、安装以及使用过程中，上箱体容易受到外部的碰撞。例如，对于运输过程中的电池，上箱体容易磕碰在其旁侧电池的棱角、棱边而导致凹陷、破损，甚至会导致箱体内部电池单体的损伤。又例如，对于应用于车辆中的电池，车辆行驶过程中的碎石等杂物容易碰撞上箱体，并导致上箱体凹陷、变形，进而容易导致上箱体在长期行驶的过程中出现破损，并导致箱体对电池单体保护的失效。
基于以上考虑，为了缓解电池箱体的上箱体强度较差的问题，本申请实施例提供了一种电池，在电池箱体内设置了结构件，并将结构件设置在上箱体朝向电池单体的一侧；使结构件包括基层和连接于基层的面层，并使基层连接于上箱体，使面层朝向容纳腔。
在这样的电池中，将结构件集成在了上箱体上，从而加强了上箱体的强度。将结构件设置为至少两层的结构，在上箱体受力的情况下，得结构件的每层均能够分担分布上箱体受到的力，且结构件的每层均能够为上箱体提供支撑，以提高上箱体的强度；同时，还使得结构件可以根据需要选择不同的材质进行组合，从而使得结构件还能够满足不同的需求，达到不同的效果，例如防火、隔热等。
本申请实施例公开的电池可以用于使用电池作为电源的用电装置或者使用电池作为储 能元件的各种储能系统。用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以本申请一实施例的一种用电装置为车辆1000为例进行说明。
参考图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器300和马达200，控制器300用来控制电池100为马达200供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
参考图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的爆炸图。电池100包括箱体10和电池单体20，电池单体20容纳于箱体10内。其中，电池单体20可以是多个，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体20之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内；当然，电池100也可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池100模块形式，多个电池100模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体10内。电池100还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池100还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接。
其中，每个电池单体20可以为二次电池单体或一次电池单体；还可以是锂硫电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体，但不局限于此。电池单体20可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等。
参考图3，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的分解结构示意图。电池单体20是指组成电池100的最小单元。如图，电池单体20包括有端盖22、壳体21、电极组件23以及其他的功能性部件。
端盖22是指盖合于壳体21的开口处以将电池单体20的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件。不限地，端盖22的形状可以与壳体21的形状相适应以配合壳体21。可选地，端盖22可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质(如铝合金)制成，这样，端盖22在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电池单体20能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。端盖22上可以设置有如电极端子等的功能性部件。电极端子可以用于与电极组件23电连接，以用于输出或输入电池单体20的电能。在一些实施例中，端盖22上还可以设置有用于在电池单体20的内部压力或温度达到阈值时泄放内部压力的泄压结构24。端盖22的材质也可以是多种的，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。在一些实施例中，在端盖22的内侧还可以设置有绝缘件，绝缘件可以用于隔离壳体21内的电连接部件与端盖22，以降低短路的风险。示例性的，绝缘件可以是塑料、橡胶等。
壳体21是用于配合端盖22以形成电池单体20的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部 环境可以用于容纳电极组件23、电解液以及其他部件。壳体21和端盖22可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体21上设置开口，通过在开口处使端盖22盖合开口以形成电池单体20的内部环境。不限地，也可以使端盖22和壳体21一体化，具体地，端盖22和壳体21可以在其他部件入壳前先形成一个共同的连接面，当需要封装壳体21的内部时，再使端盖22盖合壳体21。壳体21可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体21的形状可以根据电极组件23的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体21的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
电极组件23是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件。壳体21内可以包含一个或更多个电极组件23。电极组件23主要由正极片和负极片卷绕或层叠放置形成，并且通常在正极片与负极片之间设有隔膜。正极片和负极片具有活性物质的部分构成电极组件23的主体部，正极片和负极片不具有活性物质的部分各自构成极耳。正极极耳和负极极耳可以共同位于主体部的一端或是分别位于主体部的两端。在电池100的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳连接电极端子以形成电流回路。
第一方面，参考图2至图5，本申请实施例提供一种电池100，包括电池单体20、箱体10和结构件30。其中，箱体10包括下箱体12以及盖合于下箱体12的上箱体11，上箱体11和下箱体12限定出用于容纳电池单体20的容纳腔101，上箱体11包括朝向容纳腔101的内表面111；结构件30包括基层31以及连接于基层31的面层32，基层31连接于内表面111，面层32设于结构件30朝向容纳腔101的一侧。
箱体10用于为电池单体20提供容纳空间，箱体10可以包括框架结构、箱式结构或其他结构；箱体10的形状可以为长方体状、圆柱状或其他形状。
上箱体11和下箱体12是指箱体10的部分结构，上箱体11和下箱体12能够共同限定出容纳腔101，以容纳电池单体20；上箱体11可以直接盖合并连接于下箱体12，也可以通过中间结构间接连接于下箱体12；上箱体11可以通过焊接、粘接或其他方式固定连接于下箱体12，也可以通过卡接、螺接等方式可拆卸地连接于下箱体12。
上箱体11可以为一端开口的空心结构，以容纳电池单体20的部分或全部结构，上箱体11也可以为板状结构；上箱体11的形状可以为长方体状、圆柱状或其他形状；上箱体11的材质可以包括金属、塑料或其他材料。
下箱体12可以为一端开口的空心结构，以容纳电池单体20的部分或全部结构，下箱体12也可以为板状结构；下箱体12的形状可以为长方体状、圆柱状或其他形状；下箱体12的材质可以包括金属、塑料或其他材料。
下箱体12可以与车辆1000相连，以将电池100固定于车辆1000上，此时，上箱体11盖合于下箱体12上。
内表面111是指上箱体11朝向容纳腔101的表面，在电池单体20容纳于箱体10中的情况下，该内表面111朝向电池单体20；内表面111可以为平整的平面，也可以为凹凸不平的面，也可以为曲面或其他形状的面，根据上箱体11的形状，内表面111可以包括与上箱体11顶部相对的部分，还可以包括与上箱体11周侧相对的部分；根据上箱体11的形状，内表面111的形状可以为方形、圆形或其他形状。
结构件30是指电池100中连接于上箱体11的结构，以加强上箱体11的强度；相较于将结构件30设于上箱体11朝向箱体10之外的一侧，将结构件30设于内表面111上，既 能够通过结构件30提高上箱体11的强度，还能够减少上箱体11的体积变化，并减少上箱体11对空间的占用。
基层31是指结构件30中与上箱体11相连的结构，面层32是指结构件30中朝向容纳腔101一侧的结构；基层31的形状可以为圆形、方形或其他形状，面层32的形状可以为圆形、方形或其他形状，基层31的形状可以与面层32的形状相同，也可以不同，基层31和面层32的形状也可以根据结构件30的形状设置；基层31的厚度可以与面层32的厚度相同，也可以不同。
基层31的材质可以与面层32的材质相同，也可以不同，示例的，根据结构件30的设置需求，可以使基层31和面层32的材质分别具有绝缘、隔热、防火或其他功能中的一种或多种。
基层31可以仅覆盖内表面111的部分，例如，基层31可以仅与上箱体11顶部相对；基层31也可以覆盖整个内表面111。
基层31可以凸设于内表面111上，也可以在内表面111上开设凹槽，并将基层31和/或面层32嵌入该凹槽中。在基层31嵌入凹槽的情况下，可以使基层31和面层32完全嵌入该凹槽中，以使得结构件30能够完全嵌入该凹槽；也可以使面层32的部分嵌入该凹槽，并使面层32的另一部分凸出于内表面111；还可以使基层31的部分嵌入该凹槽，并使基层31的另一部分和面层32凸出于内表面111。
在上箱体11承受外部碰撞的情况下，上箱体11能够将碰撞产生的力的部分和能量的部分传递至基层31，并通过基层31传递至面层32；基层31主要用于向面层32传递力，并在传力的过程中分担部分的力并吸收部分的能量；面层32主要用于承受基层31传递的力和能量；据此，结构件30能够通过基层31和面层32分担并吸收上箱体11承受的力和能量，从而达到提高上箱体11强度的效果。
在电池单体20热失控的情况下，因结构件30设于内表面111上，故结构件30还能够使电池单体20热失控产生高温高压烟气不易直接与上箱体11接触，从而起到保护上箱体11的作用；同时，结构件30还能够缓解高温高压烟气对上箱体11的冲击，以减少上箱体11的形变，从而达到提高上箱体11强度的效果。
本实施例中，将结构件30集成在了上箱体11上，从而加强了上箱体11的强度。将结构件30设置为至少两层的结构，在上箱体11受力的情况下，得结构件30的每层均能够分担分布上箱体11受到的力，且结构件30的每层均能够为上箱体11提供支撑，以提高上箱体11的强度；同时，还使得结构件30可以根据需要选择不同的材质进行组合，从而使得结构件30还能够满足不同的需求，达到不同的效果，例如防火、隔热等。
参考图4、图5，在一些实施例中，基层31的强度小于或等于面层32的强度。
图中，X轴所在的方向即为上箱体11的长度方向，也为结构件30的长度方向；Y轴所在的方向即为上箱体11的宽度方向，也为结构件30的宽度方向；Z轴所在的方向即为上箱体11的高度方向，也为结构件30的厚度方向。
因基层31主要用于将面层32连接于上箱体11，故基层31的强度可以较低，以使得基层31能够易于加工；同时，基层31强度较小也使得基层31能够具有较好的韧性，在上箱体11受力的情况下，该设置能够使得基层31较易发生形变而不易断裂，以使得基层31能够更好的将其承受的力的部分传递至面层32，同时基层31的形变也便于其更好的吸收能量，从而起到提高上箱体11强度的作用。
在基层31主要用于传力和吸能的情况下，面层32主要用于为上箱体11提供支撑，故面层32的强度可以较高，以使得面层32能够更好的为上箱体11提供支撑，并提高上箱体11的强度。
本实施例中，基层31的强度较低，使得基层31能够具有较好的韧性，以使得基层31在承受上箱体11传递的力的情况下不易发生脆断等情况，从而使得基层31能够吸收部分的力以提高上箱体11的强度；面层32的强度较高，以通过面层32加强上箱体11的强度。
参考图4、图5，在一些实施例中，基层31的弹性模量小于或等于面层32的弹性模量；基层31的弹性模量大于或等于800MPa(兆帕)，面层32的弹性模量大于或等于5000Mpa。
材料的弹性模量是用于衡量材料抵抗弹性变形能量的性能参数，材料的弹性模量越大，材料发生弹性变形所需的应力也越大，即材料的强度越大，也即材料在一定的力的作用下发生的形变越小。
材料的弹性模量可以通过拉伸试验测量，即在材料上施加拉伸力，以使材料发生形变并得到应力-应变曲线，根据线应力-应变曲线中性区域的斜率能够得到材料的弹性模量；材料的弹性模量也可以通过压缩试验测量，即在材料上施加垂直于材料表面的压缩力，以使材料发生形变并得到应力-应变曲线，根据线应力-应变曲线中性区域的斜率能够得到材料的弹性模量；材料的弹性模量还可以通过弯曲试验测量，即将材料放置在支架上并施加力使其弯曲，测量弯曲后的形变和应力，并通过解析计算得到弹性模量；可以理解的，材料的弹性模量也可以通过其他方式测量，而不仅限于上述几种。
基层31的弹性模量大于800MPa，示例的，基层31的弹性模量可以为800MPa、850MPa、900MPa、950MPa、1000MPa或其他数值。
面层32的弹性模量大于5000MPa，示例的，面层32的弹性模量可以为5000MPa、6000MPa、7000MPa、8000MPa、9000MPa、10000MPa或其他数值。
基层31的弹性模量可以小于面层32的弹性模量，以使得基层31比面层32更容易受力形变，从而使得基层31能够更好的吸收能量，也能够将其受到的力的部分传递至面层32；面层32的弹性模量可以大于基层31的弹性模量，以使得面层32更不易受力形变，从而使得面层32能够更好的为上箱体11提供支撑，同时也使得面层32不易在上箱体11受力的情况下形变而压迫电池单体20，从而还能够更好的起到保护电池单体20的作用；基层31的弹性模量也可以等于面层32的弹性模量，以使得基层31和面层32均能够为上箱体11提供支撑。
示例的，基层31的弹性模量可以为800MPa，面层32的弹性模量可以为5000MPa，以使得基层31能够用于吸收其受到的能量的部分，并能够传递其受到的力的部分，也使得面层32能够更好的为上箱体11提供支撑；同时，在满足强度需求的前提下，使基层31和面层32的弹性模量不至于过高，以使得基层31和面层32较易加工，降低了加工难度，以便于提高加工效率。
可以理解的，在基层31的强度满足需求的情况下，基层31的弹性模量也可以远大于800MPa；在面层32的强度满足需求的情况下，面层32的弹性模量也可以远大于5000MPa。
本实施例中，基层31的弹性模量较小，而面层32的弹性模量较大，以使得基层31能够主要起到吸能和传力的作用，并使得面层32能够主要起到加强上箱体11的作用。
在一些实施例中，基层31的弹性模量大于或等于1000MPa，面层32的弹性模量大于或等于6000Mpa。
基层31的弹性模量大于1000MPa，示例的，基层31的弹性模量可以为100MPa、1500MPa、2000MPa、2500MPa、3000MPa或其他数值。
面层32的弹性模量大于5000MPa，示例的，面层32的弹性模量可以为6000MPa、8000MPa、10000MPa、12000MPa、15000MPa、20000MPa或其他数值。
示例的，基层31的弹性模量可以为1000MPa，面层32的弹性模量可以为6000MPa，以使得基层31能够用于吸收其受到的能量的部分，并能够传递其受到的力的部分，同时，该设置还使得基层31能够更好的为上箱体11提供支撑，也使得面层32能够更好的为上箱体11提供支撑。
本实施例进一步提供了一些基层31和面层32的弹性模量的范围，在基层31能够主要起到吸能和传力的作用的前提下，还使得基层31和面层32均能够起到加强上箱体的作用。
参考图4、图5，一些实施例中，基层31的厚度大于面层32的厚度。
基层31的厚度是指基层31在结构件30厚度方向上的尺寸，面层32的厚度是指面层32在结构件30厚度方向的尺寸；图5中，基层31的厚度即为图中h1所示的尺寸，面层32的厚度即为图中h2所示的尺寸。
因基层31主要用于吸收其受到的能量并用于向面层32传力，故使基层31的厚度较大，以使得基层31能够更好的起到吸能的作用；同时，该设置还能够减小基层31的形变量，以使得基层31既能够发生形变以向面层32传力，还不至于使基层31形变量过大，以减少面层32受力过大而断裂的情况。
因面层32的主要用于为上箱体11提供支撑，故在面层32强度符合需求的情况下，使面层32的厚度较小，以减少面层32的空间占用，从而减少结构件30对电池100能量密度的负面影响；也能够减轻结构件30的重量，从而减轻电池100的整体重量。
本实施例中，基层31的厚度较厚，以便于基层31在受力后发生形变，从而便于基层31吸收其承受的部分能量；面层32的厚度较薄，在面层32的强度符合需求的情况下，减少了面层32的空间占用。
参考图4、图5，在一些实施例中，基层31的厚度范围为1.0mm(毫米)～2.0mm，图5中，基层31的厚度即为图中h1所示的尺寸；示例的，基层31的厚度可以为1.0mm、1.2mm、1.0mm、1.4mm、1.6mm、1.8mm、2.0mm或其他数值。
面层32的厚度范围为0.1mm～0.3mm，图5中，面层32的厚度即为图中h2所示的尺寸；示例的，面层32的厚度可以为0.10mm、0.125mm、0.15mm、0.175mm、0.2mm、0.225mm、0.25mm、0.275mm、0.3mm或其他数值。
示例的，基层31的厚度可以为1.0mm，面层32的厚度可以为0.1mm，此时基层31和面层32的厚度均较小，在结构件30的整体强度满足需求的情况下，该设置能够减小结构件30对箱体10内部空间的占用，从而减少结构件30对电池100能量密度的负面影响。
示例的，基层31的厚度可以为1.5mm，面层32的厚度可以为0.2mm，此时基层31和面层32的厚度适中，以使得结构件30既能够为上箱体11提供支撑，以提高上箱体11的强度，还能够减少结构件30对箱体10内部空间的占用。
示例的，基层31的厚度可以为2.0mm，面层32的厚度可以为0.3mm，此时基层31和面层32的厚度均较大，以使得结构件30能够更好的为上箱体11提供支撑，从而增加上箱体11的整体强度，并更好的为电池单体20提供保护。
本实施例提供了一些基层31和面层32的厚度范围，基层31的厚度较厚，而面层32 的厚度较薄，以使得基层31能够主要起到传力和吸能的作用，并减小了面层32的空间占用。
在一些实施例中，面层32为防火材料层；基层31为粘性材料层，以将面层32粘接于内表面111。
防火材料层是指具有防火性能的结构，防火材料层的材质可以包括防火材料，例如，碳酸钙、镁及其化合物、矿物棉或其他具有防火性能的材料。
使面层32为防火材料层，以使得面层32既能够为上箱体11提供支撑以增强上箱体11的强度，还能够提高上箱体11的防火性能；在电池单体20热失控的情况下，该设置能够减少箱体10内部的火焰蔓延至箱体10之外的情况。
粘性材料层是指具有粘性的结构，粘性材料层的材质可以包括粘性材料，例如，有机硅、聚氨酯、聚丙烯酸树脂、环氧树脂或其他具有粘性的材料。
使基层31为粘性材料层，以使得基层31能够将面层32粘接于上箱体11的内表面111，同时，该设置还使得基层31能够更好的吸收其受到的能量，以起到提高上箱体11强度的作用。
本实施例中，基层31为粘性材料层，以便于将面层32连接于上箱体11，同时还便于基层31吸收能量，从而提高了上箱体11的强度；面层32为防火材料层，在面层32的强度符合需求的情况下，使得面层32能够在电池100热失控的情况下阻碍热量的扩散，减低电池100热失控对外界的负面影响。
在一些实施例中，基层31的材质包括环氧树脂和橡胶中的一种，面层32的材质包括玻璃纤维、聚碳酸酯和聚偏氟乙烯树脂中的一种。
基层31的材质可以包括环氧树脂、橡胶或其他材料，以使得基层31既能够将面层32连接于上箱体11，还能够吸收其受到的能量的部分，并传递其受到的力的部分。其中，环氧树脂具有优异的粘接性能，能够粘附在多种材料上；同时，环氧树脂固化后还具有较高的拉伸、压缩和弯曲强度，且固化后收缩率较小，绝缘性能也较好。橡胶的粘接性能良好，可以根据需求配置不同的配方以粘接在不同的材料上；同时，橡胶具有优异的弹性，绝缘性能也较好。
可以理解的，基层31的材质也可以包括其他材料，而不仅限于环氧树脂和橡胶。
面层32的材质可以包括玻璃纤维、聚碳酸酯、聚偏氟乙烯树脂或其他材料，以使得面层32具有较高的强度。其中，玻璃纤维具有较高的拉伸强度和弹性模量，绝缘性能较好，密度较低，且易于加工。聚碳酸酯具有较高的强度、刚性和韧性，绝缘性能较好，且易于加工。聚偏氟乙烯树脂具有较高的抗张强度和抗压缩强度，韧性也较好，绝缘性能较好不燃性和自熄性较好，且易于加工。
可以理解的，面层32的材质也可以包括其他材料，而不仅限于玻璃纤维、聚碳酸酯、聚偏氟乙烯树脂。
本实施例提供了一些基层31和面层32的具体材料，以使得基层31能够主要起到吸能和粘接的作用，并使得面层32能够主要起到加强上箱体11和防火的作用。
在一些实施例中，电池单体20包括泄压结构24；在箱体10的高度方向上，泄压结构24于内表面111的投影位于结构件30于内表面111的投影中。
泄压结构24是指用于在电池单体20的壳体21的内部压力或温度达到阈值时释放内部压力的结构，泄压结构24可以包括泄压阀、泄压薄膜或其他泄压结构24；一个电池单体 20上可以仅设置一个泄压结构24，也可以设置两个或更多个泄压结构24；泄压结构24可以设于端盖22上，也可以设于电池单体20的其他位置。
在箱体10的高度方向Z上，泄压结构24于内表面111的投影位于结构件30于内表面111的投影中，即结构件30在箱体10的高度方向Z上能够覆盖泄压结构24。
在电池单体20热失控的情况下，高温高压烟气将会经泄压结构24进入壳体21之外的箱体10内部空间中，而高温高压烟气将会向上移动；此时，结构件30能够将高温高压烟气与上箱体11隔开，从而减少高温高压烟气对上箱体11的损伤，同时还能够阻碍温度向上箱体11传导，从而降低上箱体11的温度，减少对外界的负面影响。
在泄压结构24位于端盖22上的情况下，电池单体20热失控产生的高温高压烟气还容易直接冲击上箱体11；此时，结构件30能够承受高温高压烟气的冲击，从而缓解上箱体11在高温高压烟气的冲击下形变的情况。
本实施例中，在电池100的高度方向上，使结构件30处于电池单体20泄压结构24的上方，在电池单体20热失控的情况下，自泄压结构24喷出的高温高压烟气能够先接触结构件30，从而减少了高温高压烟气对上箱体11的损伤，也缓解了传递至电池100外部环境中的冲击力，降低了传递至电池100外部环境中的温度。
参考图6至图8，在一些实施例中，上箱体11朝向内表面111的方向上凸设有筋条112；在箱体10的高度方向上，结构件30于内表面111的投影与筋条112于内表面111的投影错开。
筋条112是指上箱体11中凸出于内表面111的结构，因内表面111位于上箱体11朝向电池单体20的一侧，故筋条112自内表面111向电池单体20所在的方向凸出；在上箱体11位于电池单体20上方的情况下，筋条112自内表面111向下凸出。
筋条112沿其径向的截面形状可以包括半圆形、方形、梯形或其他形状；筋条112可以有一条，也可以有两条或更多条；筋条112可以通过焊接、粘接或其他方式固定连接于上箱体11，也可以通过卡接、螺接或其他方式可拆卸地连接于上箱体11，筋条112还可以与上箱体11一体成型制成；根据筋条112的形成方式，上箱体11与内表面111相对的另一侧上可以设有与筋条112相对的凹槽，上箱体11与内表面111相对的一侧也可以为平面；筋条112的材质可以包括金属、塑料或其他材料，根据筋条112的形成方式，筋条112的材质可以与上箱体11的材质相同，也可以不同。
在箱体10的高度方向Z上，结构件30于内表面111的投影与筋条112于内表面111的投影错开，即筋条112与结构件30分别位于内表面111的不同位置，结构件30不覆盖筋条112。因筋条112与结构件30均为凸出于内表面111的结构，该设置能够使筋条112和结构件30在箱体10的高度方向Z上不层叠，以减小上箱体11的整体厚度，从而减少结构件30和筋条112对电池100的能量密度负面影响；同时，也便于结构件30安装。
本实施例中，使结构件30与筋条112错开，在上箱体11上设置结构件30的情况下，该设置能够减小上箱体11在筋条112处的厚度，从而能够减小上箱体11的整体厚度，减少上箱体11的空间占用。
在一些实施例中，上箱体11为金属材料经冲压成型工艺制成；或上箱体11包括型材。
冲压成型工艺是一种利用模具和冲压设备对材料施加压力，使材料塑性变形以获得一定形状、尺寸和性能的加工工艺；使上箱体11经金属材料经冲压成型工艺加工形成，以通过调整加工工艺的方式提高上箱体11的强度；因目前的上箱体11多为钣金结构或塑料结 构，该设置能够增加上箱体11的强度。
型材是指金属经过塑性加工成型、具有一定断面形状和尺寸的结构，型材的断面可以为实心结构，也可以具有空腔结构；上箱体11可以包括一个型材，也可以包括多个型材。
根据型材截面的形状，上箱体11通常具有较好的强度和吸能的性能；因目前的上箱体11多为钣金结构或塑料结构，该设置能够增加上箱体11的强度。
本实施例提供了一些上箱体11的结构，以使得上箱体11能够具有较高的强度。
参考图6、图9，在一些实施例中，下箱体12内设有梁体121，梁体121将容纳腔101至少分为第一空腔122和第二空腔123，电池单体20容纳于第一空腔122中；在箱体10的高度方向上，第二空腔123于内表面111的投影与结构件30于内表面111的投影错开。
梁体121是指设置在下箱体12上的梁结构，梁体121可以为电池100的膨胀梁，也可以为其他梁结构；梁体121的数量也可以为一个，也可以为两个或多个；梁体121可以通过焊接、粘接或其他方式固定连接于下箱体12，也可以通过螺接、卡接等方式可拆卸地连接于下箱体12；梁体121的材质可以包括金属、塑料或其他材料。
梁体121能够将容纳腔101至少分隔为第一空腔122和第二空腔123，即梁体121可以仅将容纳腔101分隔为第一空腔122和第二空腔123，还可以分隔出其他空腔；其中，第一空腔122用于容纳电池单体20，第二空腔123也可以容纳电池100的其他电气结构，也可以容纳其他结构。
在箱体10的高度方向Z上，第二空腔123于内表面111的投影与结构件30于内表面111的投影错开，即结构件30在箱体10高度方向Z上与第二空腔123交错设置，而不会延伸至第二空腔123上方，以使得结构件30能够主要与电池单体20相对；因结构件30主要用于提高上箱体11的强度以更好的保护电池单体20，故该设置能够在满足保护电池单体20的需求的情况下，减少结构件30的整体体积，以减轻结构件30的重量和空间占用。
本实施例中，使结构件30主要与箱体10中的各电池单体20相对，并使得结构件30不易延伸至上箱体11的其他位置，以使得结构件30既能够起到加强上箱体11强度的作用，还能够减少结构件30的整体尺寸，减少结构件30的空间占用，并减小上箱体11的整体重量，降低结构件30的成本。
参考图6至图8，在一些实施例中，基层31朝向靠近电池单体20的方向凸设于内表面111。
因基层31连接于内表面111，使基层31朝向靠近电池单体20的方向凸设于内表面111，即为结构件30朝向靠近电池单体20的方向凸设于内表面111。
相较于将结构件30内嵌于上箱体11的方式，使结构件30凸设于内表面111能够使上箱体11在结构件30处的整体厚度更厚，从而能够更好的加强上箱体11的强度，同时还能够降低结构件30的安装难度。
在一些实施例中，电池100包括电池单体20和箱体10，箱体10包括相互盖合的上箱体11和下箱体12，上箱体11和下箱体12围成容纳腔101，电池单体20容纳于容纳腔101中。
上箱体11朝向容纳腔101的一侧设有结构件30，设于电池单体20的上方，且与电池单体20的泄压结构24相对；同时，结构件30与上箱体11的筋条112交错设置。
结构件30包括层叠设置的基层31和面层32，其中，基层31连接于上箱体11，面层32连接于基层31；基层31为粘性材料层，而面层32为防火材料层；基层31的厚度大于 面层32的厚度，且基层31的弹性模量小于面层32的弹性模量。
第二方面，参考图2至图5，本申请的一些实施例还提供一种箱体10，其中，箱体10包括下箱体12以及盖合于下箱体12的上箱体11，上箱体11和下箱体12限定出用于容纳电池单体20的容纳腔101，上箱体11包括朝向容纳腔101的内表面111；结构件30包括基层31以及连接于基层31的面层32，基层31连接于内表面111，面层32设于结构件30朝向容纳腔101的一侧。
箱体10用于为电池单体20提供容纳空间，箱体10可以包括框架结构、箱式结构或其他结构；箱体10的形状可以为长方体状、圆柱状或其他形状。
上箱体11和下箱体12是指箱体10的部分结构，上箱体11和下箱体12能够共同限定出容纳腔101，以容纳电池单体20；上箱体11可以直接盖合并连接于下箱体12，也可以通过中间结构间接连接于下箱体12；上箱体11可以通过焊接、粘接或其他方式固定连接于下箱体12，也可以通过卡接、螺接等方式可拆卸地连接于下箱体12。
上箱体11可以为一端开口的空心结构，以容纳电池单体20的部分或全部结构，上箱体11也可以为板状结构；上箱体11的形状可以为长方体状、圆柱状或其他形状；上箱体11的材质可以包括金属、塑料或其他材料。
下箱体12可以为一端开口的空心结构，以容纳电池单体20的部分或全部结构，下箱体12也可以为板状结构；下箱体12的形状可以为长方体状、圆柱状或其他形状；下箱体12的材质可以包括金属、塑料或其他材料。
下箱体12可以与车辆1000相连，以将电池100固定于车辆1000上，此时，上箱体11盖合于下箱体12上。
内表面111是指上箱体11朝向容纳腔101的表面，在电池单体20容纳于箱体10中的情况下，该内表面111朝向电池单体20；内表面111可以为平整的平面，也可以为凹凸不平的面，也可以为曲面或其他形状的面，根据上箱体11的形状，内表面111可以包括与上箱体11顶部相对的部分，还可以包括与上箱体11周侧相对的部分；根据上箱体11的形状，内表面111的形状可以为方形、圆形或其他形状。
结构件30是指电池100中连接于上箱体11的结构，以加强上箱体11的强度；相较于将结构件30设于上箱体11朝向箱体10之外的一侧，将结构件30设于内表面111上，既能够通过结构件30提高上箱体11的强度，还能够减少上箱体11的体积变化，并减少上箱体11对空间的占用。
基层31是指结构件30中与上箱体11相连的结构，面层32是指结构件30中朝向容纳腔101一侧的结构；基层31的形状可以为圆形、方形或其他形状，面层32的形状可以为圆形、方形或其他形状，基层31的形状可以与面层32的形状相同，也可以不同，基层31和面层32的形状也可以根据结构件30的形状设置；基层31的厚度可以与面层32的厚度相同，也可以不同。
基层31的材质可以与面层32的材质相同，也可以不同，示例的，根据结构件30的设置需求，可以使基层31和面层32的材质分别具有绝缘、隔热、防火或其他功能中的一种或多种。
基层31可以仅覆盖内表面111的部分，例如，基层31可以仅与上箱体11顶部相对；基层31也可以覆盖整个内表面111。
基层31可以凸设于内表面111上，也可以在内表面111上开设凹槽，并将基层31和/ 或面层32嵌入该凹槽中。在基层31嵌入凹槽的情况下，可以使基层31和面层32完全嵌入该凹槽中，以使得结构件30能够完全嵌入该凹槽；也可以使面层32的部分嵌入该凹槽，并使面层32的另一部分凸出于内表面111；还可以使基层31的部分嵌入该凹槽，并使基层31的另一部分和面层32凸出于内表面111。
在上箱体11承受外部碰撞的情况下，上箱体11能够将碰撞产生的力的部分和能量的部分传递至基层31，并通过基层31传递至面层32；基层31主要用于向面层32传递力，并在传力的过程中分担部分的力并吸收部分的能量；面层32主要用于承受基层31传递的力和能量；据此，结构件30能够通过基层31和面层32分担并吸收上箱体11承受的力和能量，从而达到提高上箱体11强度的效果。
在电池单体20热失控的情况下，因结构件30设于内表面111上，故结构件30还能够使电池单体20热失控产生高温高压烟气不易直接与上箱体11接触，从而起到保护上箱体11的作用；同时，结构件30还能够缓解高温高压烟气对上箱体11的冲击，以减少上箱体11的形变，从而达到提高上箱体11强度的效果。
本实施例中，将结构件30集成在了上箱体11上，从而加强了上箱体11的强度。将结构件30设置为至少两层的结构，在上箱体11受力的情况下，得结构件30的每层均能够分担分布上箱体11受到的力，且结构件30的每层均能够为上箱体11提供支撑，以提高上箱体11的强度；同时，还使得结构件30可以根据需要选择不同的材质进行组合，从而使得结构件30还能够满足不同的需求，达到不同的效果，例如防火、隔热等。
第三方面，本申请的一些实施例还提供一种用电装置，包括第一方面的一些实施例提供的电池100，或第二方面的一些实施例提供的箱体10。
在结构件30的作用下，电池100的上箱体11的强度较高，从而能够减少了外界环境导致上箱体11变形、破损进而损伤电池单体20的情况。
以用电装置为车辆1000为例，在结构件30的作用下，车辆1000行驶过程中的碎石等杂质碰撞上箱体11不易导致上箱体11变形，不易击穿上箱体11，即便上箱体11破损，结构件30也能够起到保护电池单体20的作用。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种电池，其中，包括：
    电池单体；
    箱体，包括下箱体以及盖合于所述下箱体的上箱体，所述上箱体和所述下箱体限定出用于容纳所述电池单体的容纳腔，所述上箱体包括朝向所述容纳腔的内表面；以及
    结构件，用于提高所述箱体的强度，所述结构件包括基层以及连接于所述基层的面层，所述基层连接于所述内表面，所述面层设于所述结构件朝向所述容纳腔的一侧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其中，所述基层的强度小于或等于所述面层的强度。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池，其中，所述基层的弹性模量小于或等于所述面层的弹性模量；
    所述基层的弹性模量大于或等于800MPa，所述面层的弹性模量大于或等于5000Mpa。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池，其中，所述基层的弹性模量大于或等于1000MPa，所述面层的弹性模量大于或等于6000Mpa。
  5. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述基层的厚度大于所述面层的厚度。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池，其中，所述基层的厚度范围为1.0mm～2.0mm，所述面层的厚度范围为0.1mm～0.3mm。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述面层为防火材料层；
    所述基层为粘性材料层，以将所述面层粘接于所述内表面。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池，其中，所述基层的材质包括环氧树脂和橡胶中的一种，所述面层的材质包括玻璃纤维、聚碳酸酯和聚偏氟乙烯树脂中的一种。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述电池单体包括泄压结构；
    在所述箱体的高度方向上，所述泄压结构于所述内表面的投影位于所述结构件于所述内表面的投影中。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述上箱体朝向所述内表面的方向上凸设有筋条；
    在所述箱体的高度方向上，所述结构件于所述内表面的投影与所述筋条于所述内表面的投影错开。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述上箱体为金属材料经冲压成型工艺制成；或
    所述上箱体包括型材。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述下箱体内设有梁体，所述梁体将所述容纳腔至少分为第一空腔和第二空腔，所述电池单体容纳于所述第一空腔中；
    在所述箱体的高度方向上，所述第二空腔于所述内表面的投影与所述结构件于所述内表面的投影错开。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述基层朝向靠近所述电池单体的方向凸设于所述内表面。
  14. 一种箱体，其中，包括：下箱体以及盖合于所述下箱体的上箱体，所述上箱体和所述下箱体限定出用于容纳电池单体的容纳腔，所述上箱体包括朝向所述容纳腔的内表面；以及
    结构件，用于提高所述箱体的强度，所述结构件包括基层以及连接于所述基层的面层，所述基层连接于所述内表面，所述面层设于所述结构件朝向所述容纳腔的一侧。
  15. 一种用电装置，其中，包括如权利要求1-13中任一项所述的电池；或如权利要求14所述的箱体。
PCT/CN2024/113407 2024-05-15 2024-08-20 电池及用电装置 Pending WO2025236451A1 (zh)

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