WO2025200084A1 - 一种齿轮传动转动放大式减晃装置 - Google Patents

一种齿轮传动转动放大式减晃装置

Info

Publication number
WO2025200084A1
WO2025200084A1 PCT/CN2024/091470 CN2024091470W WO2025200084A1 WO 2025200084 A1 WO2025200084 A1 WO 2025200084A1 CN 2024091470 W CN2024091470 W CN 2024091470W WO 2025200084 A1 WO2025200084 A1 WO 2025200084A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
disc
gear
outer sleeve
roller
fixed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2024/091470
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵懿
杨轲
李宏男
崔苗
霍林生
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dalian University of Technology
Guangxi University
Original Assignee
Dalian University of Technology
Guangxi University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dalian University of Technology, Guangxi University filed Critical Dalian University of Technology
Priority to US18/951,924 priority Critical patent/US20250075862A1/en
Publication of WO2025200084A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025200084A1/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/022—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using dampers and springs in combination
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/03—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using magnetic or electromagnetic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/03—Control means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the technical field of major lifeline engineering, and relates to a sway reduction device for an LNG storage tank, and in particular to a gear-driven rotation-amplifying sway reduction device.
  • a gear-driven rotary amplifying sway reduction device is provided inside and above the tank body of an LNG storage tank.
  • the large-scale LNG storage tank sway reduction device comprises: a combined disc 1, a wheel set 2, an outer sleeve 3, an outward-extending fan blade 4, a ball screw 5, a spring 6, and a swaying plate 7.
  • the combined disc 1 located above is connected to the swaying plate 7 below it by a spring 6.
  • the combined disc 1 is fixed above the inner wall surface of the LNG storage tank.
  • the swaying plate 7 is fitted with the inner wall surface of the LNG storage tank but is not fixedly connected.
  • the wheel set 2, the outer sleeve 3, the outward-extending fan blade 4, and the ball screw 5 are arranged between the combined disc 1 and the swaying plate 7. Except for the combined disc 1 and the spring 6, all others are located below the liquid level in the LNG storage tank.
  • the composite disk 1 comprises three enclosed hollow disks of different radii: large, medium, and small; a large annular magnet 13; a small annular magnet 15; a disk spring 16; and a rubber ring 11.
  • the three enclosed hollow disks are, respectively, a large enclosed disk 12, a medium enclosed disk 14, and a small enclosed disk 17. Initially, the three disks are concentric, but become non-concentric during shaking.
  • the rubber ring 11 is secured to the outer ring of the large enclosed disk 12.
  • the large annular magnet 13 is mounted on the inner ring of the large enclosed disk 12.
  • the small annular magnet 15 is mounted on the inner side of the medium enclosed disk 14.
  • Several solid balls 18 are placed within the small enclosed disk 17.
  • a small, sealed disc 17 is mounted within a medium, sealed disc 14, connected by a disc spring 16.
  • the medium, sealed disc 14 is mounted within a large, sealed disc 12, forming a combined disc 1.
  • the outer diameter of the small, sealed disc 17 is smaller than the inner diameter of the medium, sealed disc 14.
  • the combined disc 17 is positioned within the gap between the two, with the outer diameter of the medium and sealed disc 14 matching the inner diameter of the large, sealed disc 12.
  • the inner diameter of the rubber ring 11 is equal to the outer diameter of the large, sealed disc 12, ensuring the two are tightly fitted and securely mounted together.
  • the combined disc 1 is secured within the LNG tank body and positioned above the liquid level.
  • the wheel assembly 2 is located below the combined disc 1 and includes two identically structured wheels.
  • the wheels are disc-shaped, with six blades 21 evenly mounted along their circumference, spaced 60 degrees apart. Spacers 22 are evenly spaced within the discs, along with a number of small balls 23.
  • the two wheels face each other and are fixed to the ends of a central crossbar 106.
  • a second gear 105 is provided on the central crossbar 106, which is connected to a vertical fixed rod 101.
  • the vertical fixed rod 101 connects to the central crossbar 106 without affecting its rotation, allowing the two wheels to rotate under load.
  • the top of the vertical fixed rod 101 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the combined disc 1, and the bottom is connected to the bracket 42 of the protruding blades 4.
  • the middle portion is bent and sleeved onto the central crossbar 106.
  • the outer sleeve 3 is a sealed cylinder with an annular magnet 31 mounted on the inner side of the cylinder wall, a damping fluid filled inside and four ball screws 5 mounted thereon.
  • a second rotating shaft 107 is fixedly mounted at the inner center of the top surface of the cylinder wall of the outer sleeve 3.
  • An internal gear 35 is provided at the lower end of the second rotating shaft 107.
  • a first rotating shaft 104 is fixedly mounted at the outer center of the top surface of the cylinder wall of the outer sleeve 3.
  • a first gear 102 is provided at the upper end of the first rotating shaft 104, that is, the upper end of the first rotating shaft 104 is fixedly connected to the first gear 102, and the lower end is fixed to the outer center of the top surface of the cylinder wall of the outer sleeve 3.
  • the upper end of the second rotating shaft 107 is fixed to the inner center of the top surface of the cylinder wall of the outer sleeve 3, and the lower end is fixed to the internal gear 35.
  • An external gear 33 is provided on the outer side of the top of the cylinder wall of the outer sleeve 3, and the external gear 33 cooperates with the blade gear 45 of the outstretched blade 4.
  • the bottom cover structure of the outer sleeve 3 is a composite sealed roller 32, which consists of a large sealed roller and four small sealed rollers.
  • the composite sealed roller 32 has four circular holes on the bearing area of the large sealed roller, and a small sealed roller is installed in each circular hole.
  • the composite metal fan blade 103 is installed on the sleeve of the ball screw 5, and the lower end of the sleeve of the ball screw 5 is fixed to the shaft ring of the closed small roller of the composite closed roller 32.
  • the functions of the composite closed roller 32 are: first, it can ensure the airtightness of the outer sleeve 3; second, when the outer sleeve 3 rotates, it will not adversely affect the vertical movement of the wire lever of the ball screw 5 and the rotation of the sleeve; third, it can bear the vertical load and transmit the vertical load to the first rotating shaft 104 through the outer sleeve 3.
  • the first rotating shaft 104 and the bracket 42 are connected by the intermediate roller 43.
  • the bracket 42 transmits the vertical load to the bottom surface of the combined disc 1, ensuring that the outer sleeve 3 and the sleeve of the ball screw 3 do not undergo vertical displacement.
  • a top gear 34 is fixed above each ball screw 5.
  • the four top gears 34 are connected to the internal gear 35 at the inner center of the top surface of the outer sleeve 3 through gear matching.
  • the bottom of the ball screw 5 extends out of the sleeve through the shaft ring of the closed small roller on the composite closed roller 32 and is vertically fixed to the swing plate 7 below it.
  • the extended blades 4 include six groups of blade structures with the same structure, an intermediate roller 43, and six brackets 42 with the same structure.
  • Each group of blade structures is composed of upper blades 41, bracket rollers 44, blade gears 45, and lower blades 46 from top to bottom, which are mounted on the bracket rotating shaft 47.
  • the six bracket rollers 44 are connected to the intermediate roller 43 through the bracket 42.
  • the six upper blades 41 are evenly arranged along the outer ring of the top of the outer sleeve 3, with an interval of 60 degrees.
  • the bracket 42 is fixed to the bottom of the combined disc 1 by a vertical fixing rod 101.
  • the two ends of the six brackets 42 are respectively fixed to the seat rings of the intermediate roller 43 and the bracket roller 44.
  • the size of the bracket 42 is determined by the outer sleeve 3 and should ensure that the blade gear 45 on the extended blade 4 and the outer gear 33 on the upper outer side of the outer sleeve 3 can achieve gear transmission, so that when the outer sleeve 3 rotates, it can simultaneously drive the upper blade 41 to rotate.
  • the bracket 42 is fixed, thereby limiting the vertical displacement of the intermediate roller 43 and the bracket roller 44, and thus the first rotating shaft 104 and the bracket rotating shaft 47 fixed on the seat rings of the intermediate roller 43 and the bracket roller 44 will not undergo vertical displacement, that is, the outer sleeve 3 fixed to the first rotating shaft 104 will not undergo vertical displacement, and the sleeve of the composite closed roller 32 serving as the bottom cover structure of the outer sleeve 3 and the ball screw 5 fixed on the shaft ring of the small closed roller will not undergo vertical displacement; the rotation of the outer sleeve 3 will not be transmitted to the upper fan blade 41 through the bracket 42, but will be realized by connecting the external gear 33 on the upper outer side of the outer sleeve 3 and the fan gear 45 on the protruding fan blade 4 to realize the rotation of the upper fan blade 41 and the lower fan blade 46; and the rotation of the outer sleeve 3 can simultaneously drive the wheel group 2 to rotate.
  • a rubber ring 11 is provided on the outer ring of the combination disc 1.
  • the rubber has high damping properties. Even if the combination disc 1 is fixedly installed, in order to prevent the sway reduction device from loosening the position of the combination disc 1 during normal operation, thereby impacting the tank wall and damaging the tank structure, the rubber ring 11 is added to achieve energy consumption and reduce the threat of the sway reduction device to the safety of the tank.
  • lubricating oil is appropriately applied between the disks in the combined disk 1 to reduce friction.
  • the enclosed large disk 12 moves, relative movement is ensured between the enclosed middle disk 14 and the enclosed large disk 12, and between the enclosed middle disk 14 and the enclosed small disk 17.
  • bracket 42 restricts the middle roller 43 and the bracket roller 44 from vertical displacement, so the first rotating shaft 104 fixed to the shaft ring and the bracket rotating shaft 47 will not move vertically, thereby ensuring that the lower half of the anti-sway device can transfer the vertical load to the combined disc 1.
  • the radius ratio of the top gear 34 fixed above the ball screw 5 and the internal gear 35 of the outer sleeve 3 is set to 2, so as to achieve rotation amplification and facilitate energy consumption.
  • the use process of the present invention is:
  • the composite disc 1 When an earthquake occurs, the composite disc 1 will shake along with the large LNG storage tank.
  • the rubber ring 11 ensures the safety of the storage tank structure while also absorbing energy.
  • the enclosed middle disc 14 will undergo relative displacement with the enclosed large disc 12 due to inertia. Since the large annular magnet 13 and the small annular magnet 15 are installed at the same height with the same magnetic poles, a repulsive force will be generated when the two are close together, further exacerbating the relative movement between the enclosed large disc 12 and the enclosed middle disc 14.
  • the solid ball 18 inside the enclosed small disc 17 begins to move, collides, and consumes energy.
  • the disc spring 16 will also deform due to the relative displacement between the enclosed middle disc 14 and the enclosed small disc 17, absorbing energy and consuming energy.
  • the liquid stored in a large LNG storage tank will also undergo horizontal movement. Due to the flexible nature of the liquid, the liquid surface will move up and down, causing the swaying plate 7 to produce an up and down bumping movement. Since the swaying plate 7 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the wire lever of the ball screw 5, it will drive the wire lever to move up and down. The up and down movement of the wire lever of the ball screw 5 will cause the sleeve of the ball screw 5 to rotate. Subsequently, the composite metal blades 103 on the sleeve will rotate in the magnetic field generated by the damping liquid and the annular magnet 31, generating a damping force and consuming energy.
  • the top gear 34 fixed above the ball screw 5 will also rotate, and further transmit the rotation to the internal gear 35 fixed at the inner center of the top surface of the barrel wall of the outer sleeve 3.
  • the internal gear 35 transmits the rotation to the outer sleeve 3 through the second rotating shaft 107, thereby driving the outer sleeve 3 to rotate.
  • the sway reduction device of the present invention has a strong energy dissipation capacity, can reduce the influence of liquid surface sway caused by earthquake on the storage tank structure, and has high safety.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the combined discs in the sway reduction device for a large LNG storage tank provided by the present invention will sway along with the large LNG storage tank. Relative sliding will occur between the enclosed large disc and middle disc, and between the middle disc and small disc. Due to the presence of internal annular magnets and springs, the relative motion between the enclosed middle disc and the enclosed large disc and small disc will be intensified, thereby improving the energy consumption efficiency of the internal small balls and springs.
  • the liquid stored in the tank will also shake. Due to the flexible nature of the liquid, the liquid surface will shake up and down, causing the swaying plate to bump up and down, driving the ball screw lever fixed to the swaying plate, causing the ball screw sleeve to rotate, and the composite metal fan blades on the sleeve to rotate. Due to the presence of damping fluid and magnetic field, the rotational energy consumption of the composite metal fan blades is more efficient.
  • the ball screw sleeve is connected to the outer sleeve through gears of different radii, which has a rotation amplification effect and accelerates the rotation rate of the outer sleeve.
  • Gears of different radii are also used between the outer sleeve and the extended fan blades and the wheel set to transmit the power, giving it a rotation amplification effect and improving energy consumption efficiency.
  • the internal balls can also collide and consume energy while rotating.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sway reduction device for a large LNG storage tank according to the present invention.
  • FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of the sway reduction device.
  • FIG3 (a) is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the combined disc in the present invention.
  • FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of the rubber ring in the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the wheel disc structure of the wheel set.
  • FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of the outer sleeve.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram showing the structural principle of the composite closed roller.
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the extended fan blades.
  • This embodiment provides a large LNG storage tank sway reduction device, including a combined disc 1, a wheel set 2, an outer sleeve 3, an outward-extending fan blade 4, a ball screw 5, a spring 6, and a sway plate 7.
  • the extended blades 4 comprise an upper blade 41, a bracket 42, an intermediate roller 43, a bracket roller 44, a blade gear 45, a lower blade 46, and a bracket rotation axis 47.
  • the extended blades 4 have six blade groups. Each group consists, from top to bottom, of an upper blade 41, a bracket roller 44, a blade gear 45, and a lower blade 46. These groups are evenly spaced along the outer circumference of the outer sleeve 3, spaced 60 degrees apart.
  • the brackets 42 of the extended blades 4 are secured to the underside of the assembly disc 1 via vertical fixing rods 101, effectively acting as a fixed bracket.
  • the six groups of fan blade structures and the first rotating shaft 104 are connected by six brackets 42.
  • the bracket 42 is fixed, thereby limiting the vertical displacement of the intermediate roller 43 and the bracket roller 44, and thus the first rotating shaft 104 and the bracket rotating shaft 47 fixed on the seat rings of the intermediate roller 43 and the bracket roller 44 will not occur vertical displacement, that is, the outer sleeve 3 fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 104 will not occur vertical displacement, and the sleeve of the composite closed roller 32 as the bottom cover structure of the outer sleeve 3 and the ball screw 5 fixed on the shaft ring of the small closed roller will not occur vertical displacement;
  • the size of the bracket 42 is determined by the outer sleeve 3, ensuring that the blade gear 45 on the protruding fan blade 4 and the external gear 33 on the upper outer side of the outer sleeve 3 realize gear transmission, thereby driving the upper fan blade 41 to rotate, that is, the rotation of the outer sleeve 3 will not be transmitted to the upper fan blade 41 through the bracket 42, but is connected and transmitted through the external gear 33 on the upper outer side of the outer sle
  • the composite disk 1 comprises three enclosed hollow disks of different radii (large, medium, and small), a large annular magnet 13, a small annular magnet 15, a disk spring 16, and a rubber ring 11.
  • the three hollow disks are respectively the enclosed large disk 12, the enclosed medium disk 14, and the enclosed small disk 17. Initially, the three are concentric, but become non-concentric after being subjected to force during liquid sloshing.
  • the rubber ring 11 is fixed to the outer side of the enclosed large disk 12.
  • the large annular magnet 13 is mounted on the inner side of the enclosed large disk 12, and the small annular magnet 15 is mounted on the inner side of the enclosed medium disk 14.
  • Several solid balls 18 are placed inside the enclosed small disk 17.
  • the inner diameter of the rubber ring 11 is equal to the outer diameter of the sealed large disc 12, and the two are tightly fitted and fixed together.
  • the combined disc 1 is currently considered to be fixed to the inside of the LNG storage tank, located above the liquid level.
  • the height of the bracket can be adjusted according to the height of the stored liquid, thereby ensuring that the sway reduction device can function properly.
  • the rubber ring 11 is installed on the outer ring of the combined disc 1. Rubber has high damping properties. Even if the combined disc 1 is fixedly installed, in order to prevent the sway reduction device from loosening the position of the combined disc 1 during normal operation, thereby impacting the tank wall and damaging the tank structure, the rubber ring 11 is added. This achieves energy dissipation while also reducing the threat posed by the sway reduction device itself to the tank safety.
  • the vertical fixing rod 101 is fixed to the seat ring of the roller, and the middle crossbar 106 is fixed to the shaft ring of the roller, thereby ensuring that the vertical fixing rod 101 does not affect the rotation of the middle crossbar 106, that is, the two discs can rotate under force.
  • the outer sleeve 3 is a sealed cylinder, with an annular magnet 31 installed on the inner side of the cylinder wall, a damping fluid filled inside and four ball screws 5 installed, a second rotating shaft 107 is fixedly installed at the inner center of the top surface of the cylinder wall of the outer sleeve 3, and an internal gear 35 is provided at the lower end of the second rotating shaft 107.
  • the first rotating shaft 104 is fixedly installed at the outer center of the top surface of the cylinder wall of the outer sleeve 3, and the upper end of the first rotating shaft 104 is provided with a first gear 102, that is, the upper end of the first rotating shaft 104 is fixedly connected to the first gear 102, and the lower end is fixed to the outer center of the top surface of the cylinder wall of the outer sleeve 3.
  • the upper end of the second rotating shaft 107 is fixed to the inner center of the top surface of the cylinder wall of the outer sleeve 3, and the lower end is fixed to the internal gear 35.
  • An external gear 33 is provided on the outer side of the top of the cylinder wall of the outer sleeve 3, and the external gear 33 cooperates with the blade gear 45 of the outstretched fan blade 4.
  • the bottom cover structure of the outer sleeve 3 is a composite sealed roller 32, which consists of a large sealed roller and four small sealed rollers.
  • the composite sealed roller 32 has four circular holes on the bearing area of the large sealed roller, and a small sealed roller is installed in each circular hole.
  • the sleeve of the ball screw 5 is mounted with a composite metal fan blade 103.
  • the sleeve of the ball screw 5 is fixed to the shaft ring of the sealed small roller of the composite sealed roller 32.
  • the four ball screws 5 have their respective levers passing through the shaft rings of the four sealed small rollers.
  • a top gear 34 is fixed to the top of each ball screw 5.
  • Each of the four top gears 34 is connected to an internal gear 35 at the center of the inner wall of the top surface of the outer sleeve 3 through a gear coupling.
  • the bottom of the lever of the ball screw 5 extends out of the sleeve through the shaft ring of the sealed small roller on the composite sealed roller 32 and is then vertically fixed to the sway plate 7 below it.
  • the sway plate 7 is made of a flexible material that meets the deformation requirements of the sway reduction device while also possessing a certain rigidity to withstand dynamic water pressure and achieve force transmission.
  • the combined disc 1 will rock along with the large LNG storage tank.
  • the rubber ring 11 ensures the safety of the storage tank structure while also having energy dissipation capabilities.
  • the enclosed middle disc 14 will undergo relative displacement with the enclosed large disc 12 due to inertia. Since the large annular magnet 13 and the small annular magnet 15 are installed at the same height position with the same magnetic poles, a repulsive force will be generated when the two are close to each other, which will intensify the relative movement between the enclosed large disc 12 and the enclosed middle disc 14.
  • the enclosed small disc 17 starts to move, collides, and consumes energy.
  • the disc spring 16 will also deform due to the relative displacement between the enclosed middle disc 14 and the enclosed small disc 17, absorbing energy and consuming energy.
  • the liquid stored in the large LNG storage tank will also undergo horizontal movement. Due to the flexible nature of the liquid, the liquid surface will move up and down, causing the swaying plate 7 to produce an up and down bumpy movement. Because the sway plate 7 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the ball screw 5's lever, it drives the lever up and down. This up and down movement of the ball screw 5's lever causes the sleeve of the ball screw 5 to rotate. Subsequently, the composite metal blades 103 on the sleeve rotate in the magnetic field generated by the damping fluid and the annular magnet 31, generating a damping force and consuming energy.
  • the top gear 34 fixed above the ball screw 5 also rotates, further transmitting the rotation to the internal gear 35 fixed to the center of the inner wall of the top surface of the outer sleeve 3.
  • the internal gear 35 transmits the rotation to the outer sleeve 3 via the second rotating shaft 107, thereby driving the outer sleeve 3 to rotate.
  • the outer sleeve 3 is connected to the blade gear 45 via an external gear 33 fixed on the outside and above, transmitting rotation to the upper blade 41.
  • the upper blade 41 rotates, consuming energy.
  • the outer sleeve 3 also transmits rotation to the first gear 102 fixed above it via a first rotating shaft 104 fixed at the center of the outer top surface of the sleeve wall, thereby driving the rotation of the second gear 105 fixed to the middle crossbar 106.
  • the blades outside the discs and the small balls placed inside the discs all have energy dissipation capabilities.
  • the sway reduction device of the present invention has a strong energy dissipation capacity, can reduce the impact of liquid level sway caused by earthquakes on the tank structure, and has high safety.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种齿轮传动转动放大式减晃装置，所述的齿轮传动转动放大式减晃装置设置在LNG储罐的罐体内部且位于上方，包括：组合圆盘、轮组、外套筒、外伸扇叶、滚珠丝杠、弹簧和晃荡板；所述的组合圆盘与其下方的晃荡板之间通过弹簧连接，组合圆盘固定在LNG储罐的罐体内壁面上方，晃荡板与LNG储罐的罐体内壁面贴合不固接，轮组、外套筒、外伸扇叶、滚珠丝杠布置在组合圆盘与晃荡板之间，且均位于LNG储罐内部液面下方。当地震发生时，本发明的减晃装置利用其转动放大效应来进行高效耗能，减小地震对大型LNG储罐结构的影响，提高了大型LNG储罐结构的安全性。

Description

一种齿轮传动转动放大式减晃装置 技术领域
本发明属于重大生命线工程技术领域，涉及一种LNG储罐的减晃装置，尤其涉及一种齿轮传动转动放大式减晃装置。
 背景技术
LNG是天然气经压缩、冷却至-162℃后变成的液体，相比于传统的煤炭、石油，LNG是一种更清洁、高效的绿色能源。LNG储罐涉及城市重大生命线工程技术领域，其抵御地震等自然灾害的能力是该设施重要参考指标，储罐在地震作用下，会引起储罐功能丧失，引发火灾或爆炸，危及周围区域的人员和财产安全，造成严重的经济损失。
地震作用下，LNG储罐内液体会发生晃荡，对储罐罐壁造成附加的动水压力，影响储罐结构的安全性。晃动的液体还有可能对吊顶产生直接的冲击，造成管道接头及其附件的破坏。为降低LNG储罐地震响应，采用基础隔震，研究发现隔震系统能够有效降低储罐结构的地震响应，但隔震后可能会引起液体的晃动波高的增大，使液面晃动加剧。因此，为了保证储罐结构的安全性，需要设计出一种能够有效降低储液晃动波高的装置，来解决现有实际问题。
 技术问题
本发明的目的在于，提供一种在大型LNG储罐中能够有效降低液面晃动波高的减晃装置，减小液体晃动幅度，从而减弱因地震引起的液面晃动对储罐结构的影响。
 技术解决方案
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：
一种齿轮传动转动放大式减晃装置，其设置在LNG储罐的罐体内部且位于上方，所述大型LNG储罐减晃装置包括：组合圆盘1、轮组2、外套筒3、外伸扇叶4、滚珠丝杠5、弹簧6和晃荡板7。其中，位于上方的组合圆盘1与其下方的晃荡板7之间通过弹簧6连接，组合圆盘1固定在LNG储罐的罐体内壁面上方，晃荡板7与LNG储罐的罐体内壁面贴合不固接，轮组2、外套筒3、外伸扇叶4、滚珠丝杠5布置在组合圆盘1与晃荡板7之间，除组合圆盘1和弹簧6以外，其它均位于LNG储罐内液面下方。
所述的组合圆盘1包括大、中、小三个半径不同的密闭空心圆盘，大环形磁铁13，小环形磁铁15，圆盘弹簧16和橡胶圈11，其中大、中、小三个密闭空心圆盘分别为密闭大圆盘12、密闭中圆盘14、密闭小圆盘17，三者初始状态下为同心结构，晃动过程中不同心。所述的橡胶圈11固定在密闭大圆盘12的外圈，密闭大圆盘12的内圈安装大环形磁铁13，密闭中圆盘14的内侧面安装小环形磁铁15，密闭小圆盘17内部放置若干个实心小球18。密闭小圆盘17安装在密闭中圆盘14内，二者之间通过圆盘弹簧16连接，密闭中圆盘14安装在密闭大圆盘12中，构成组合圆盘1，即密闭小圆盘17的外径小于密闭中圆盘14内径，组合后的空隙安装圆盘弹簧16，密闭中圆盘14外径尺寸与密闭大圆盘12内径尺寸配合，橡胶圈11内径尺寸等于密闭大圆盘12外径尺寸，两者紧紧贴合并固定安装在一起。所述的组合圆盘1固定于LNG储罐的罐体内部，且位于液面上方。
所述的轮组2位于组合圆盘1下方，包括两个结构相同的轮盘，轮盘为圆盘结构，沿圆盘圆周均匀安装六个扇叶21，间距60°，并在轮盘内部等间隔安装隔板22，同时放置若干小球23，两个轮盘的盘面相对，分别固定在中部横杆106的两端。所述中部横杆106上设有第二齿轮105，且中部横杆106与竖向固定杆101连接，竖向固定杆101连接中部横杆106的同时不会影响中部横杆106发生转动，即两个轮盘受力能够转动。所述竖向固定杆101顶端与组合圆盘1的底面固定连接，底端与外伸扇叶4的支架42连接，中部弯折后与中部横杆106套接。
所述的外套筒3是一个密封圆柱体，筒壁内侧面安装环形磁铁31，内部填充阻尼液并安装四个滚珠丝杠5，外套筒3的筒壁顶面内侧中心处固定安装第二转动轴107，第二转动轴107的下端设有内齿轮35，外套筒3的筒壁顶面外侧中心处固定安装第一转动轴104，第一转动轴104的上端设有第一齿轮102，即第一转动轴104上端固定连接第一齿轮102，下端固定于外套筒3的筒壁顶面外侧中心处，第二转动轴107上端固定于外套筒3的筒壁顶面内侧中心处，下端固定连接内齿轮35。外套筒3的筒壁顶部外侧设有外齿轮33，外齿轮33与外伸扇叶4的扇叶齿轮45配合。外套筒3的底盖结构为复合密闭滚轴32，由一个密闭大滚轴和四个密闭小滚轴组成，复合密闭滚轴32是在密闭大滚轴的轴承区域上开有四个圆孔，每个圆孔处安装密闭小滚轴。
所述的滚珠丝杠5的套筒上安装复合金属扇叶103，滚珠丝杠5的套筒下端固定在复合密闭滚轴32的密闭小滚轴的轴圈上。复合密闭滚轴32的作用：一是能够保证外套筒3的密闭性；二是当外套筒3发生转动时不会反过来影响滚珠丝杠5的丝杠杆的竖向运动和套筒的转动；三是能够承担竖向荷载，将竖向荷载通过外套筒3传递至第一转动轴104，第一转动轴104和支架42通过中间滚轴43连接，之后由支架42将竖向荷载传至组合圆盘1下底面，保证外套筒3和滚珠丝杠3的套筒不会发生竖向位移。每个滚珠丝杠5上方均固定一个顶部齿轮34，四个顶部齿轮34均与外套筒3的筒壁顶面内侧中心的内齿轮35通过齿轮配合连接，滚珠丝杠5的丝杠杆底部通过复合密闭滚轴32上的密闭小滚轴的轴圈伸出筒外后与其下方的晃荡板7垂直固接。
所述的外伸扇叶4包括六组结构相同的扇叶结构、一个中间滚轴43和六个结构相同的支架42；其中，每组扇叶结构从上至下依次为上扇叶41、支架滚轴44、扇叶齿轮45、下扇叶46，安装在支架转动轴47上；六个支架滚轴44均通过支架42与中间滚轴43连接。具体的：六个上扇叶41沿外套筒3筒壁顶部外圈均匀布置，间隔为60°；支架42通过竖向固定杆101固定在组合圆盘1下方，六个支架42的两端分别固定在中间滚轴43和支架滚轴44的座圈上，支架转动轴47固定于支架滚轴44的轴圈，第一转动轴104中部固定于中间滚轴43的轴圈，这样支架42既实现支架转动轴47和第一转动轴104的位置固定，又不影响上扇叶41和第一转动轴104发生转动。此外，第一转动轴104的顶部安装第一齿轮102，第一齿轮102与中部横杆106上的第二齿轮105通过齿轮配合连接，第一转动轴104的底部固定于外套筒3的筒壁顶面外侧中心处，即外套筒3的转动会带动轮组2发生转动。所述的支架42的尺寸由外套筒3决定，应保证外伸扇叶4上的扇叶齿轮45和外套筒3外侧上方的外齿轮33实现齿轮传动，从而当外套筒3发生转动时能够同时带动上扇叶41发生转动。综上，支架42是固定的，从而限制中间滚轴43和支架滚轴44不会发生竖向位移，进而固定在中间滚轴43和支架滚轴44座圈上的第一转动轴104和支架转动轴47不会发生竖向位移，即与第一转动轴104固定的外套筒3不会发生竖向位移，则作为外套筒3的底盖结构复合密闭滚轴32及固定在小密闭滚轴的轴圈上的滚珠丝杠5的套筒也不会发生竖直方向的位移；外套筒3的转动不会通过支架42传递给上扇叶41，而是通过外套筒3的外侧上方的外齿轮33和外伸扇叶4上的扇叶齿轮45连接传动实现上扇叶41和下扇叶46的转动；并且外套筒3的转动能同时带动轮组2发生转动。
进一步的，所述的组合圆盘1的大、小环形磁铁13、15采用轴向充磁，保证同一高度水平位置磁极相同，使两者靠近时产生斥力。
进一步的，所述的组合圆盘1的外圈设置橡胶圈11，橡胶具有高阻尼性质，即便组合圆盘1固定安装，为了避免减晃装置在正常工作中固定组合圆盘1的位置出现松动，对储罐罐壁产生冲击作用，破坏储罐结构，增设橡胶圈11，实现耗能并降低了减晃装置对储罐安全性的威胁。
更进一步的，所述的组合圆盘1中的圆盘和圆盘之间适当涂抹润滑油，减小摩擦，当密闭大圆盘12运动时，保证内部的密闭中圆盘14和密闭大圆盘12之间、密闭中圆盘14和密闭小圆盘17之间会发生相对运动。
进一步的，支架42限制中间滚轴43和支架滚轴44不会发生竖向位移，因此固定在轴圈的第一转动轴104和支架转动轴47也不会发生竖向移动，从而保证减晃装置的下半部分能够将竖向荷载传递至组合圆盘1上。
进一步的，固定在滚珠丝杠5上方的顶部齿轮34与外套筒3的内齿轮35的半径比取为2，实现转动放大，利于耗能。
进一步的，所述的滚珠丝杠5的套筒上安装复合金属扇叶103，扇叶转动，由于磁场和阻尼液的存在，使耗能更加高效。
进一步的，晃荡板7采用柔性材料，满足减晃装置对其变形性能的要求的同时还应具备一定的刚度可以承担动水压力，实现力的传递。
本发明的使用过程为：
当发生地震时，组合圆盘1会随着大型LNG储罐一起晃动，橡胶圈11保证储罐结构安全的同时并具有耗能能力，密闭中圆盘14由于惯性会与密闭大圆盘12发生相对位移。由于大环形磁铁13和小环形磁铁15的同一高度位置磁极相同安装，两者靠近时会产生斥力，会进一步加剧密闭大圆盘12与密闭中圆盘14之间的相对运动。密闭小圆盘17在密闭中圆盘14的带动下，其内部实心小球18开始运动，发生碰撞，消耗能量，圆盘弹簧16也会因密闭中圆盘14与密闭小圆盘17的相对位移发生形变，吸收能量，进行耗能。
同时，地震过程中大型LNG储罐内储液也会发生水平运动，由于液体的柔性性质，液面处会发生上下运动，从而引起晃荡板7产生上下颠簸运动。由于晃荡板7与滚珠丝杠5的丝杠杆下端固接，从而会带动丝杠杆上下运动，滚珠丝杠5的丝杠杆发生上下运动会引起滚珠丝杠5的套筒的转动，随之，套筒上的复合金属扇叶103在阻尼液和环形磁铁31产生的磁场中发生旋转，产生阻尼力，消耗能量。与此同时，固定在滚珠丝杠5上方的顶部齿轮34也会发生转动，进一步传递给固定在外套筒3的筒壁顶面内侧中心的内齿轮35，内齿轮35通过第二转动轴107将转动传递给外套筒3，从而带动外套筒3转动。
外套筒3转动过程中，外套筒3通过外圈固定的外齿轮33和外伸扇叶4的扇叶齿轮45的齿轮连接，将转动传递给上扇叶41、下扇叶46，上扇叶41、下扇叶46发生转动，消耗能量，同时外套筒3也会通过固定在其筒壁顶面外侧中心的第一转动轴104将转动传递给上方固定的第一齿轮102，进而带动固定在中部横杆106上的第二齿轮105的转动；第二齿轮105的转动能够带动固定在中部横杆106两端的圆盘(即轮组2)发生转动，此时固定在圆盘外部的扇叶21和内部放置的小球23皆具有耗能能力。
本发明的减晃装置耗能能力强，可减小因地震产生的液面晃动对储罐结构的影响，安全性高。
 有益效果
相对于现有技术，本发明的有益效果为：
1）在地震发生时，本发明提供的大型LNG储罐用减晃装置中的组合圆盘会随着大型LNG储罐一起发生晃动，组合圆盘的密闭大圆盘和中圆盘、中圆盘和小圆盘之间会发生相对滑动，由于内部环形磁铁和弹簧的存在，会加剧密闭中圆盘与密闭大圆盘、密闭小圆盘之间的相对运动，使得内部小球和弹簧的耗能效率提高。
2）同时储罐内储液也会发生晃动，由于液体的柔性性质，液面会发生上下晃动，从而导致晃荡板上下颠簸，带动固定在晃荡板的滚珠丝杠的丝杠杆，使得滚珠丝杠的套筒发生转动，套筒上复合金属扇叶旋转，由于阻尼液和磁场的存在，使得复合金属扇叶的转动耗能更加高效。滚珠丝杠的套筒通过不同半径的齿轮传动连接外套筒，具有转动放大效应，加快外套筒的转动速率。外套筒与外伸扇叶和轮组之间也采用半径不同齿轮进行传动，使其具有转动发大效果，提高耗能效率。轮组转动时，除了扇叶在储液中转动耗能，内部小球也能够在转动状态下碰撞耗能。
3）此外，该减晃装置的中间部分数量只受其本身尺寸大小的限制，并且根据不同的实际情况可以通过调节减晃装置的中间部分的尺寸和齿轮半径比，保证减晃装置在应对不同条件下时能够正常工作，提高了减晃装置的适应能力，并能够达到充分耗能目的。本发明的减晃装置利用其转动放大效应来进行高效耗能，减小地震对大型LNG储罐结构的影响，提高了大型LNG储罐结构的安全性。
 附图说明
图1为本发明的大型LNG储罐用减晃装置的结构示意图。
图2为减晃装置的结构示意图。
图3（a）为本发明中组合圆盘的平面结构示意图。
图3（b）为本发明中组合圆盘的立面结构示意图。
图4为本发明中橡胶圈的结构示意图。
图5为轮组的轮盘结构示意图。
图6为外套筒的结构示意图。
图7为复合密闭滚轴的结构原理示意图。
图8为外套筒中齿轮的剖面图。
图9为外伸扇叶的结构示意图。
图10为外伸扇叶的俯视图。
图中：1组合圆盘，2轮组，3外套筒，4外伸扇叶，5滚珠丝杠，6弹簧，7晃荡板；
11橡胶圈；12密闭大圆盘；13大环形磁铁；14密闭中圆盘；15小环形磁铁；16圆盘弹簧；17密闭小圆盘；18实心小球；101竖向固定杆；102第一齿轮；103复合金属扇叶；104第一转动轴；105第二齿轮；106中部横杆；107第二转动轴；
21扇叶；22隔板；23小球；
31环形磁铁；32复合密封滚轴；33外齿轮；34顶部齿轮；35内齿轮；
41上扇叶；42支架；43中间滚轴；44支架滚轴，45扇叶齿轮；46下扇叶；47支架转动轴。
 本发明的实施方式
以下结合附图及具体实施例对本发明进行详细描述。
实施例
本实施例提供一种大型LNG储罐减晃装置，包括组合圆盘1、轮组2、外套筒3、外伸扇叶4、滚珠丝杠5、弹簧6、晃荡板7。
如图1、2、8、9、10所示，所述的组合圆盘1固定在大型LNG储罐内壁上，并位于液面上方，轮组2的两个圆盘，盘面相对，通过中部横杆106固定连接，第二齿轮105固定在中部横杆106上，竖向固定杆101通过与中部横杆106连接将轮组2固定在组合圆盘1的下方。外套筒3的筒壁顶面外侧中心处固定安装的第一转动轴104，第一转动轴104的上端固定的第一齿轮102与第二齿轮105配合连接，实现将外套筒3的转动传递给轮组2。
所述的外伸扇叶4包括上扇叶41、支架42、中间滚轴43、支架滚轴44、扇叶齿轮45、46下扇叶、47支架转动轴。外伸扇叶4有六组扇叶结构，每组扇叶结构从上至下依次为上扇叶41、支架滚轴44、扇叶齿轮45、下扇叶46，沿外套筒3的外圈上方均匀布置，间隔为60°。外伸扇叶4的支架42通过竖向固定杆101固定在组合圆盘1下方，即支架42为固定支架。六组扇叶结构和第一转动轴104通过六个支架42连接，支架42与每组扇叶、第一转动轴104的连接处分别采用支架滚轴44和中间滚轴43连接，即支架42两端分别固定于中间滚轴43和支架滚轴44的座圈上，支架转动轴47固定于支架滚轴44的轴圈，第一转动轴104中部固定于中间滚轴43的轴圈，支架42既实现支架转动轴47和第一转动轴104的位置固定，又保证上扇叶41和第一转动轴104可以发生转动。综上，支架42是固定的，从而限制中间滚轴43和支架滚轴44不会发生竖向位移，进而固定在中间滚轴43和支架滚轴44座圈上的第一转动轴104和支架转动轴47不会发生竖向位移，即与第一转动轴104固定连接的外套筒3不会发生竖向位移，则作为外套筒3的底盖结构复合密闭滚轴32及固定在小密闭滚轴的轴圈上的滚珠丝杠5的套筒也不会发生竖直方向的位移；支架42的尺寸由外套筒3决定，保证外伸扇叶4上的扇叶齿轮45和外套筒3外侧上方的外齿轮33实现齿轮传动，从而带动上扇叶41发生转动，即外套筒3的转动不会通过支架42传递给上扇叶41，而是通过外套筒3的外侧上方的外齿轮33和外伸扇叶4上的扇叶齿轮45连接传动实现上扇叶41的转动；并且外套筒3的转动能同时带动轮组2发生转动。
滚珠丝杠5的丝杠杆下方与晃荡板7垂直固接，丝杠杆可随晃荡板7发生上下运动。弹簧6用于连接组合圆盘1和晃荡板7。 
如图3（a）、3（b）所示，所述的组合圆盘1由大、中、小三个半径不同的密闭空心圆盘、大环形磁铁13、小环形磁铁15、圆盘弹簧16和橡胶圈11组成，大、中、小三个空心圆盘分别为密闭大圆盘12、密闭中圆盘14、密闭小圆盘17，初始状态时三者同心，液面晃动过程中受力后三者不同心。橡胶圈11固定在密闭大圆盘12的外侧面，密闭大圆盘12的内侧面安装大环形磁铁13，密闭中圆盘14的内侧面安装小环形磁铁15，密闭小圆盘17内部放置若干个实心小球18。密闭小圆盘17安装在密闭中圆盘14内，它们之间通过圆盘弹簧16连接，之后密闭中圆盘14安装在密闭大圆盘12中，橡胶圈11固定在密闭大圆盘12外圈，构成组合圆盘1，即密闭小圆盘17的外径小于密闭中圆盘14内径，组合后的空隙安装圆盘弹簧16，密闭中圆盘14外径尺寸与大圆盘内径尺寸配合。大、小环形磁铁13、15采用轴向充磁，保证同一高度位置磁极相同，使两者靠近时产生斥力，橡胶圈11内径尺寸等于密闭大圆盘12外径尺寸，两者紧紧贴合并固定安装在一起。所述的组合圆盘1目前考虑支架固定于LNG储罐的罐体内部，位于液面上方，支架的高度可随储液液面的高度进行调节，从而保证减晃装置能够正常工作。
如图4所示，所述的橡胶圈11安装在组合圆盘1外圈，橡胶具有高阻尼性质，即便组合圆盘1固定安装，为了避免减晃装置在正常工作中固定组合圆盘1的位置出现松动，对储罐罐壁产生冲击作用，破坏储罐结构，增设橡胶圈11，实现耗能的同时也降低了减晃装置本身对储罐安全性的威胁。
如图5所示，所述的轮组2的轮盘为圆盘结构，沿其圆周均匀安装六个扇叶21，间距60°，并在其内部等间距安装隔板22，内部放置若干小球23。轮组2包括两个圆盘，两个轮盘的盘面相对，二者通过中部横杆106连接后，再通过竖向固定杆101与中部横杆106的连接固定在组合圆盘1下方，第二齿轮105固定在中部横杆106上。竖向固定杆101和中部横杆106连接处采用滚轴连接，竖向固定杆101固定在滚轴的座圈，中部横杆106固定在滚轴的轴圈，从而保证竖向固定杆101不会影响中部横杆106的转动，即两个轮盘受力能够转动。
如图6、7所示，所述的外套筒3是一个密封圆柱体，筒壁内侧面安装环形磁铁31，内部填充阻尼液并安装四个滚珠丝杠5，外套筒3的筒壁顶面内侧中心处固定安装第二转动轴107，第二转动轴107的下端设有内齿轮35，外套筒3的筒壁顶面外侧中心处固定安装第一转动轴104，第一转动轴104的上端设有第一齿轮102，即第一转动轴104上端固定连接第一齿轮102，下端固定于外套筒3的筒壁顶面外侧中心处，第二转动轴107上端固定于外套筒3的筒壁顶面内侧中心处，下端固定连接内齿轮35。外套筒3的筒壁顶部外侧设有外齿轮33，外齿轮33与外伸扇叶4的扇叶齿轮45配合。外套筒3的底盖结构为复合密闭滚轴32，由一个密闭大滚轴和四个密闭小滚轴组成，复合密闭滚轴32是在密闭大滚轴的轴承区域上开有四个圆孔，每个圆孔处安装密闭小滚轴。
所述的滚珠丝杠5的套筒上安装复合金属扇叶103，滚珠丝杠5的套筒固定在复合密闭滚轴32的密闭小滚轴的轴圈上，四个滚珠丝杠5的丝杠杆分别通过四个密闭小滚轴的轴圈。每个滚珠丝杠5上方均固定一个顶部齿轮34，四个顶部齿轮34均与外套筒3顶面筒内壁中心的内齿轮35通过齿轮配合连接，滚珠丝杠5的丝杠杆底部通过复合密闭滚轴32上的密闭小滚轴的轴圈伸出筒外后与其下方的晃荡板7垂直固接。晃荡板7采用柔性材料，满足减晃装置对其变形性能的要求的同时还应具备一定的刚度可以承担动水压力，实现力的传递。
本发明的减晃装置，当发生地震时：
组合圆盘1会随着大型LNG储罐一起晃动，橡胶圈11保证储罐结构安全的同时并具有耗能能力，密闭中圆盘14由于惯性会与密闭大圆盘12发生相对位移。由于大环形磁铁13和小环形磁铁15的同一高度位置磁极相同安装，使两者靠近时会产生斥力，这会加剧密闭大圆盘12与密闭中圆盘14之间的相对运动，密闭小圆盘17在密闭中圆盘14的带动下，其内部实心小球18开始运动，发生碰撞，消耗能量，圆盘弹簧16也会因密闭中圆盘14与密闭小圆盘17的相对位移发生形变，吸收能量，进行耗能。大型LNG储罐内储液也会发生水平运动，由于液体的柔性性质，液面处会发生上下运动，从而引起晃荡板7产生上下颠簸运动。由于晃荡板7与滚珠丝杠5的丝杠杆下端固接，从而会带动丝杠杆上下运动，滚珠丝杠5的丝杠杆发生上下运动会引起滚珠丝杠5的套筒的转动，随之，套筒上的复合金属扇叶103在阻尼液和环形磁铁31产生的磁场中发生旋转，产生阻尼力，消耗能量。与此同时，固定在滚珠丝杠5上方的顶部齿轮34也会发生转动，进一步传递给固定在外套筒3顶面筒内壁中心的内齿轮35，内齿轮35通过第二转动轴107将转动传递给外套筒3，从而带动外套筒3转动。外套筒3通过外侧上方固定的外齿轮33和扇叶齿轮45的齿轮连接，将转动传递给上扇叶41，上扇叶41发生转动，消耗能量，同时外套筒3也会通过固定在其筒壁顶面外侧中心处的第一转动轴104将转动传递给上方固定的第一齿轮102，进而带动固定在中部横杆106上的第二齿轮105的转动，中部横杆106两端固定的两个圆盘，即轮组2，发生转动，此时圆盘外部扇叶和内部放置的小球皆具有耗能能力。本发明的减晃装置耗能能力强，可减小因地震产生的液面晃动对储罐结构的影响，安全性高。
   在本实施例中，所述的复位机构为弹簧6，弹簧6包括组合圆盘1底面的连接部分和晃荡板7上的连接部分，提供恢复力。
以上所述实施例仅表达本发明的实施方式，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利的范围的限制，应当指出，对于本领域的技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，做出若干变形和改进，这些也应该属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种齿轮传动转动放大式减晃装置，其特征在于，所述的减晃装置设置在LNG储罐的罐体内部且位于上方，包括：组合圆盘(1)、轮组(2)、外套筒(3)、外伸扇叶(4)、滚珠丝杠(5)、弹簧(6)和晃荡板(7)；所述的组合圆盘(1)与其下方的晃荡板(7)之间通过弹簧(6)连接，组合圆盘(1)固定在LNG储罐的罐体内壁面上方，晃荡板(7)与LNG储罐的罐体内壁面贴合不固接，轮组(2)、外套筒(3)、外伸扇叶(4)、滚珠丝杠(5)布置在组合圆盘(1)与晃荡板(7)之间，除组合圆盘(1)和弹簧(6)以外，其它均位于LNG储罐内液面下方。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种齿轮传动转动放大式减晃装置，其特征在于：
    所述的组合圆盘(1)包括大、中、小三个密闭空心圆盘，大环形磁铁(13)，小环形磁铁(15)和橡胶圈(11)，其中大、中、小三个密闭空心圆盘分别为密闭大圆盘(12)、密闭中圆盘(14)、密闭小圆盘(17)，三者初始状态下为同心结构，晃动过程中不同心；所述的橡胶圈(11)固定在密闭大圆盘(12)的外圈，密闭大圆盘(12)的内圈安装大环形磁铁(13)，密闭中圆盘(14)的内侧面安装小环形磁铁(15)，密闭小圆盘(17)内部放置若干个实心小球(18)；密闭小圆盘(17)安装在密闭中圆盘(14)内，二者之间通过圆盘弹簧(16)连接，密闭中圆盘(14)安装在密闭大圆盘(12)中，构成组合圆盘(1)；所述的组合圆盘(1)固定于罐体内部，且位于液面上方；
    所述的轮组(2)位于组合圆盘(1)下方，包括两个结构相同的轮盘，轮盘为圆盘结构，沿圆盘外圆周均匀安装六个扇叶(21)，并在轮盘内圆周等间隔安装隔板(22)，同时放置若干小球(23)；两个轮盘的盘面相对，分别固定在中部横杆(106)的两端；第二齿轮(105)也固定在中部横杆(106)上；中部横杆(106)与竖向固定杆(101)连接，竖向固定杆(101)连接中部横杆(106)的同时不会影响中部横杆(106)发生转动，即两个轮盘受力能够转动；竖向固定杆(101)顶端与组合圆盘(1)的底面固定连接，底端与外伸扇叶(4)的支架(42)连接，中部弯折后与中部横杆(106)套接；
    所述的外套筒(3)为密封圆柱体，筒壁内侧面安装环形磁铁(31)，内部填充阻尼液并安装四个滚珠丝杠(5)；外套筒(3)的筒壁顶面内侧中心处固定安装第二转动轴(107)，第二转动轴(107)的下端设有内齿轮(35)；外套筒(3)的筒壁顶面外侧中心处固定安装第一转动轴(104)，第一转动轴(104)的上端设有第一齿轮(102)；外套筒(3)的筒壁顶部外侧设有外齿轮(33)，外齿轮(33)与外伸扇叶(4)的扇叶齿轮(45)配合；外套筒(3)的底盖结构为复合密闭滚轴(32)，由一个密闭大滚轴和四个密闭小滚轴组成，复合密闭滚轴(32)是在密闭大滚轴的轴承区域上开有四个圆孔，每个圆孔处安装密闭小滚轴；
    所述的滚珠丝杠(5)的套筒上安装复合金属扇叶(103)，滚珠丝杠(5)的套筒下端固定在复合密闭滚轴(32)的密闭小滚轴的轴圈上，复合密闭滚轴(32)的作用：一是能够保证外套筒(3)的密闭性；二是当外套筒(3)发生转动时不会反过来影响滚珠丝杠(5)的丝杠杆的竖向运动和套筒的转动；三是能够承担竖向荷载，将竖向荷载通过外套筒(3)传递至第一转动轴(104)，第一转动轴(104)和支架(42)通过中间滚轴(43)连接，之后由支架(42)将竖向荷载传至组合圆盘(1)下底面，保证外套筒(3)不会发生竖向位移；每个滚珠丝杠(5)上方均固定一个顶部齿轮(34)，四个顶部齿轮(34)均与内齿轮(35)通过齿轮配合连接，滚珠丝杠(5)的丝杠杆下端通过复合密闭滚轴(32)上的密闭小滚轴的轴圈伸出筒外后与晃荡板(7)垂直固接；
    所述的外伸扇叶(4)包括六组结构相同的扇叶结构、一个中间滚轴(43)和六个结构相同的支架(42)；其中，每组扇叶结构从上至下依次为上扇叶(41)、支架滚轴(44)、扇叶齿轮(45)、下扇叶(46)，安装在支架转动轴(47)上；六个支架滚轴(44)均通过支架(42)与中间滚轴(43)连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种齿轮传动转动放大式减晃装置，其特征在于，所述的外伸扇叶(4)具体为：
    六个上扇叶(41)沿外套筒(3)的筒壁顶部外圈均匀布置；支架(42)通过与竖向固定杆(101)下端固连，固定在组合圆盘(1)下方；六个支架(42)的两端分别固定于中间滚轴(43)和支架滚轴(44)的座圈上，支架转动轴(47)固定于支架滚轴(44)的轴圈，第一转动轴(104)中部固定于中间滚轴(43)的轴圈，支架(42)能够实现支架转动轴(47)和第一转动轴(104)的位置固定的同时，又不影响上扇叶(41)和第一转动轴(104)发生转动；此外，第一转动轴(104)的顶部安装第一齿轮(102)，第一齿轮(102)与中部横杆(106)上的第二齿轮(105)通过齿轮配合连接，第一转动轴(104)的底部固定于外套筒(3)的筒壁顶面外侧中心处，即外套筒(3)的转动会带动轮组(2)发生转动；所述的支架(42)的尺寸由外套筒(3)决定，应保证外伸扇叶(4)上的扇叶齿轮(45)和外套筒(3)的筒壁顶部外侧的外齿轮(33)实现齿轮传动，从而当外套筒(3)发生转动时能够同时带动上扇叶(41)发生转动。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种齿轮传动转动放大式减晃装置，其特征在于，所述的组合圆盘(1)的大环形磁铁(13)、小环形磁铁(15)采用轴向充磁，保证同一高度水平位置磁极相同，使两者靠近时产生斥力。
  5. 一种权利要求1-4任意所述的齿轮传动转动放大式减晃装置，其特征在于，当发生地震时：
    所述的组合圆盘(1)随着储罐一起晃动，橡胶圈(11)保证储罐结构安全的同时具有耗能能力，密闭中圆盘(14)与密闭大圆盘(12)发生相对位移；大环形磁铁(13)和小环形磁铁(15)两者靠近时产生斥力，进一步加剧密闭大圆盘(12)与密闭中圆盘(14)之间的相对运动；密闭小圆盘(17)在密闭中圆盘(14)的带动下，其内部实心小球(18)发生碰撞，消耗能量，圆盘弹簧(16)也会因密闭中圆盘(14)与密闭小圆盘(17)的相对位移发生形变，进行耗能；
    同时，地震过程中储罐内储液的液面发生上下运动，引起晃荡板(7)产生上下颠簸，进而晃荡板(7)带动滚珠丝杠(5)的丝杠杆上下运动，引起滚珠丝杠(5)的套筒转动，随之，套筒上的复合金属扇叶(103)在阻尼液和环形磁铁(31)产生的磁场中发生旋转，产生阻尼力，消耗能量；
    同时，固定在滚珠丝杠(5)上方的顶部齿轮(34)也会发生转动，进一步传递给固定在外套筒(3)的筒壁顶面内侧中心的内齿轮(35)，内齿轮(35)通过第二转动轴(107)将转动传递给外套筒(3)，从而带动外套筒(3)转动，消耗能量。
PCT/CN2024/091470 2024-03-26 2024-05-07 一种齿轮传动转动放大式减晃装置 Pending WO2025200084A1 (zh)

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