WO2025007791A1 - 车身总成及车辆 - Google Patents

车身总成及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025007791A1
WO2025007791A1 PCT/CN2024/101842 CN2024101842W WO2025007791A1 WO 2025007791 A1 WO2025007791 A1 WO 2025007791A1 CN 2024101842 W CN2024101842 W CN 2024101842W WO 2025007791 A1 WO2025007791 A1 WO 2025007791A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
door
vehicle
body assembly
link
frame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2024/101842
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
宋阳品
尹特
王旭
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Zhejiang Zeekr Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Zhejiang Zeekr Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd, Zhejiang Zeekr Intelligent Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025007791A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025007791A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J5/00—Doors
    • B60J5/04—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides
    • B60J5/047—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides characterised by the opening or closing movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J5/00—Doors
    • B60J5/04—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides
    • B60J5/047—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides characterised by the opening or closing movement
    • B60J5/0477—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides characterised by the opening or closing movement with two doors opening in opposite direction
    • B60J5/0479—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides characterised by the opening or closing movement with two doors opening in opposite direction without B-pillar or releasable B-pillar, i.e. the pillar is moving with door
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/20—Floors or bottom sub-units

Definitions

  • the present application relates to, but is not limited to, the field of vehicle technology, and specifically, to a vehicle body assembly and a vehicle.
  • B-pillar-free models have emerged as the times require. At present, there are more and more B-pillar-free models, and the doors of B-pillar-free models are also diversified, such as swing doors and double doors.
  • the present application provides a vehicle body assembly and a vehicle, which can open a rear door without opening a front door.
  • the present application provides a vehicle body assembly, comprising: a vehicle frame; a first vehicle door and a second vehicle door, which are mounted on the vehicle frame, the second vehicle door being located at the rear side of the first vehicle door, the second vehicle door having a closed position, an open position, and a preparatory position between the closed position and the open position; and a movable component, which connects the vehicle frame and the second vehicle door, the movable component can drive the second vehicle door to move from the closed position to the preparatory position and the open position in sequence, the first vehicle door being located outside the moving space of the second vehicle door from the preparatory position to the open position in a closed state.
  • the vehicle body assembly can open the second vehicle door (i.e., the rear door) without opening the first vehicle door (i.e., the front vehicle door).
  • the movable assembly includes a planar linkage mechanism, the planar linkage mechanism is located at the bottom of the frame, and the plane where the planar linkage mechanism is located is a horizontal plane.
  • the planar linkage mechanism includes a first link, a second link, a third link and a fourth link, the first link is fixedly connected to the second door, the two ends of the first link are respectively hinged to the second link and the third link, the second link is also hinged to the frame, the third link is also hinged to the fourth link, and the fourth link is also hinged to the frame; the third link and the fourth link are controlled to rotate relative to each other to drive the second door to move from the closed position to the preparatory position.
  • the vehicle body assembly further includes a telescopic device, the two ends of which are respectively The telescopic device is connected with the third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod, is telescopic, and is configured to drive the third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod to rotate relative to each other, so as to drive the second door to move from the closed position to the ready position.
  • the maximum swing angle of the second door is not less than 136°.
  • an angle between the second door in the preparatory position and the second door in the closed position is 10°.
  • the body assembly also includes a support assembly arranged on the top of the frame, the support assembly includes a first support rod and a second support rod hinged to each other, the first support rod is also hinged to the frame, the second support rod is also hinged to the second door, and the support assembly is configured to support the second door during the movement of the second door.
  • the body assembly also includes a connecting arm, which is hinged to the frame via a first axis and to the first door via a second axis, the first axis and the second axis are arranged in parallel, the first door can rotate around the second axis relative to the frame so that the first door opens to a first angle, the first door can further rotate around the first axis relative to the frame so that the first door opens to a second angle, and the second angle is greater than the first angle.
  • a connecting arm which is hinged to the frame via a first axis and to the first door via a second axis, the first axis and the second axis are arranged in parallel, the first door can rotate around the second axis relative to the frame so that the first door opens to a first angle, the first door can further rotate around the first axis relative to the frame so that the first door opens to a second angle, and the second angle is greater than the first angle.
  • the first angle is not less than 80°; and/or the second angle is not less than 160°.
  • the body assembly further includes a third door and a four-bar linkage, wherein the third door is arranged opposite to the first door in the width direction of the body assembly, and the four-bar linkage is hinged between the third door and the frame and is configured to open and close the third door.
  • the third door is a passenger side door.
  • the first door is a main driver's side door.
  • the present application provides a vehicle comprising the body assembly described in any of the above embodiments.
  • a vehicle body assembly provided in the present application includes a movable component. Driven by the movable component, the rear door can first move from a closed position to a ready position to avoid interference of the front door with the rear door. Thereafter, the rear door can be moved from the ready position to an open position through the movable component, thereby realizing opening of the rear door without opening the front door.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle body assembly according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic structural diagrams of a planar linkage mechanism and a support assembly in a closed position and an open position according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a planar linkage mechanism and a support assembly in a preparation position according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B are schematic structural diagrams of a connecting arm in a closed position and an open position of a first vehicle door, shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B are schematic structural diagrams of a four-bar linkage in a third door closing position and an open position according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • words such as “front”, “rear”, “lower” and/or “upper”, “top”, “bottom” and the like are only for the convenience of description and are not limited to one position or one spatial orientation. Words such as “include” or “comprise” and the like mean that the elements or objects appearing before “include” or “comprise” include the elements or objects listed after “include” or “comprise”.
  • the term “connected” or “connected” or similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.
  • the structures of the front and rear swing doors on the same side of the vehicle without a B-pillar partially overlap in the width direction of the vehicle body, so the front door has a limiting effect on the rear door. Due to the limitation of the front door on the rear door, the front door generally needs to be opened first before the rear door can be opened, which reduces the user's driving experience.
  • the present application provides a body assembly and a vehicle.
  • the vehicle body assembly includes a vehicle frame 20 , a first vehicle door 10 , a second vehicle door 30 , and a movable assembly.
  • the first door 10 and the second door 30 are both mounted on the vehicle frame 20, and the second door 30 is located at the rear side of the first door 10.
  • the first door 10 is a front door
  • the second door 30 is a rear door.
  • the second door 30 has a closed position (FIG. 2A), an open position (FIG. 2B), and a preparatory position (FIG. 3) between the closed position and the open position. In the closed position, the second door 30 is closed, in the open position, the second door 30 is open, and in the preparatory position, the second door 30 is ready to be opened.
  • the movable component connects the vehicle frame 20 and the second vehicle door 30, and the movable component can drive the second vehicle door 30 to move/move/move from the closed position to the preparatory position and the open position in sequence.
  • the first vehicle door 10 is located outside the activity space of the second vehicle door 30 from the preparatory position to the open position when it is closed.
  • the second vehicle door 30 driven by the movable component, the second vehicle door 30 first moves from the closed position to the preparatory position to avoid the interference of the first vehicle door 10 with the second vehicle door 30, and then the second vehicle door 30 is moved from the preparatory position to the open position by the movable component, so as to realize opening the second vehicle door 30 without opening the first vehicle door 10.
  • the disorderly opening of the first vehicle door (i.e., the front vehicle door) 10 and the second vehicle door (i.e., the rear vehicle door) 30 is realized by setting the movable component, that is, the user can open the rear vehicle door without opening the front vehicle door.
  • the specific form of the movable component can be various.
  • the movable component can be a planar linkage mechanism 50 or a spatial movable mechanism (such as a manipulator, etc.).
  • the present application does not limit the specific form of the movable component.
  • the movable assembly includes a planar linkage mechanism 50.
  • the planar linkage mechanism 50 is located at the bottom of the frame 20, and the plane where the planar linkage mechanism 50 is located is a horizontal plane, so as to save space in the height direction of the vehicle body, thereby facilitating the user to enter and exit the cockpit.
  • the planar linkage mechanism 50 has a first posture, a second posture and a third posture.
  • the first posture the second door 30 is located at a closed position.
  • the second posture the second door 30 is located at a preparatory position.
  • the third posture the second door 30 is located at an open position.
  • the planar linkage mechanism 50 is a five-link mechanism, and the planar linkage mechanism 50 is arranged at the bottom of the frame 20 and close to the first door 10.
  • the planar linkage mechanism 50 includes a first link 51, a second link 52, a third link 53 and a fourth link 54.
  • the first link 51 is fixedly connected to the second door 30, and the connection method includes but is not limited to bolt connection, riveting, etc.
  • the two ends of the first link 51 are respectively hinged to the second link 52 and the third link 53, the second link 52 is also hinged to the frame 20, the third link 53 is also hinged to the fourth link 54, and the fourth link 54 is also hinged to the frame 20.
  • the first link 51, the second link 52, the third link 53, the fourth link 54 and the frame 20 together form a five-link mechanism.
  • the third link 53 and the fourth link 54 are controlled to rotate relative to each other to drive the second door 30 to move from the closed position to the preparatory position.
  • at least one of the second link 52 and the fourth link 54 can be controlled to rotate to drive the second door 30 to move from the preparatory position to the open position.
  • the third link 53 and the fourth link 54 can be controlled to rotate relative to each other.
  • a first motor can be provided at the hinge of the third link 53 and the fourth link 54. The first motor is connected to the third link 53 to drive the third link 53 to rotate relative to the fourth link 54, thereby driving the second door 30 to move from the closed position to the preparatory position.
  • the vehicle body assembly further includes a telescopic device 70, and the two ends of the telescopic device 70 are respectively hinged to the third link 53 and the fourth link 54.
  • the telescopic device 70 can be telescopic to drive the third link 53 and the fourth link 54 to rotate relative to each other, thereby driving the second door 30 to move from the closed position to the preparatory position.
  • the telescopic device 70 can be retracted to drive the third link 53 and the fourth link 54 to move in a direction close to each other, thereby driving the end of the second door 30 close to the first door 10 to rotate into the cockpit to the preparatory position, so as to prevent the first door 10 from affecting the subsequent opening of the second door 30.
  • the third link 53 and the fourth link 54 move toward each other.
  • the angle between the third link 53 and the fourth link 54 becomes smaller, and the distance between the hinge of the fourth link 54 and the frame 20 and the hinge of the third link 53 and the second door 30 becomes smaller, that is, the end of the second door 30 close to the first door 10 rotates toward the cockpit, and correspondingly, the end of the second door 30 away from the first door 10 rotates toward the outside of the cockpit.
  • the second door 30 reaches the preparatory position. In this preparatory position, the first door 10 will not interfere with the subsequent opening of the second door 30, thereby achieving the goal of opening the second door 30 without opening the first door 10. Opening the second door 30 improves the user experience.
  • the maximum swing angle of the second door 30 is not less than 136°, and the angle between the second door 30 in the preparatory position (FIG. 3) and the second door 30 in the closed position (FIG. 2A) is 10°, but it is not limited thereto.
  • the maximum swing angle of the second door 30 and the angle between the second door 30 in the preparatory position and the second door 30 in the closed position can be changed accordingly.
  • the preparation position of the second door 30 is that the front end of the second door 30 is rotated 10° toward the inside of the cockpit, and the rear end of the second door 30 is rotated 10° toward the outside of the cockpit, but the rotation angle is not limited thereto.
  • the preparation position of the second door 30 may also be that the front end of the second door 30 is rotated toward the outside of the cockpit, and the rear end of the second door 30 is rotated toward the inside of the cockpit.
  • the planar linkage mechanism 50 can also be a multi-link mechanism (the number of links is greater than 5).
  • the planar linkage mechanism 50 is a six-link mechanism.
  • the planar linkage mechanism 50 includes a first link, a second link, a third link, a fourth link and a fifth link.
  • the first link is fixedly connected to the second door 30, and the two ends of the first link are respectively hinged to the second link and the third link.
  • the second link is also hinged to the fifth link
  • the third link is also hinged to the fourth link
  • the fifth link is also hinged to the frame 20
  • the fourth link is also hinged to the frame 20.
  • the first link, the second link, the third link, the fourth link, the fifth link and the frame 20 together form a six-link mechanism.
  • the third link and the fourth link are controlled to rotate relative to each other to drive the second door 30 to move from the closed position to the ready position.
  • the second link and the fifth link are controlled to rotate relative to each other to drive the second door 30 to move from the closed position to the ready position.
  • the fifth link and the fourth link are controlled to rotate to drive the second door 30 to move from the preparatory position to the open position.
  • the vehicle body assembly further includes a support assembly 60 disposed on the top of the vehicle frame 20.
  • the support assembly 60 includes a first support rod 61 and a second support rod 62 which are hinged to each other, the first support rod 61 is also hinged to the vehicle frame 20, and the second support rod 62 is also hinged to the second door 30.
  • the support assembly 60 is configured to support the second door 30 during the movement of the second door 30. In this way, the support assembly 60 can share the weight of the second door 30 during the movement of the second door 30, so as to improve the stability and safety of the second door 30 during the swinging process.
  • the vehicle body assembly further includes a connecting arm 81, which is hinged to the vehicle frame 20 via a first axis 82 and is hinged to the first door 10 via a second axis 83, wherein the first axis 82 and the second axis 83 are arranged in parallel.
  • the first door 10 can rotate relative to the vehicle frame 20 around the second axis 83 so that the first door 10 is opened to a first angle
  • the first door 10 can further rotate relative to the vehicle frame 20 around the first axis 82 so that the first door 10 is opened to a second angle, wherein the second angle is greater than the first angle.
  • the first angle is not less than 80°
  • the second angle is not less than 160°.
  • the first door 10 can rotate relative to the vehicle frame around the first axis 82 and the second axis 83, respectively. 20 is rotated, so that the first door 10 has a larger opening angle, thereby meeting the user's demand for opening the door at a large angle and improving the comfort of the vehicle.
  • the connecting arm 81 is a curved arm to reduce the assembly space and improve the utilization of the space.
  • the connecting arm 81 includes a first end and a second end, the first end is hinged to the frame 20 through a first shaft 82, and the second end is hinged to the first door 10 through a second shaft 83.
  • the connecting arm 81 successively has a first motion state in which the second end rotates relative to the first door 10 and the first end is relatively stationary with the frame 20, and a second motion state in which the second end is relatively stationary with the first door 10 and the first end is relatively rotating with the frame 20. It can be understood that when the first door 10 is opened from the closed position shown in FIG.
  • the user applies a force to the first door 10, so that the first door 10 first rotates relative to the second end of the connecting arm 81, at which time, the first end of the connecting arm 81 is relatively stationary with the frame 20, that is, the first end of the connecting arm 81 is integrated with the frame 20, and the first end of the connecting arm 81 is relatively stationary with the vehicle body.
  • the opening angle of the first door 10 can range from 0° to 80°, and the user can open the door at a small angle according to the needs.
  • the user continues to apply force to the first door 10, so that the first door 10 and the second end of the connecting arm 81 are relatively stationary and become one with the connecting arm 81.
  • the opening angle of the first door 10 can range from 80° to 160°, meeting the user's need to open the door at a large angle.
  • the connecting arm 81 may be connected to the vehicle frame 20 via the first door mounting seat to save installation space.
  • the connecting arm 81 further includes a driving connecting portion 84, and the driving connecting portion 84 and the connecting arm 81 can be integrally formed, but not limited thereto.
  • An electric limiter is connected between the driving connecting portion 84 and the first door 10.
  • the electric limiter may also be replaced by an electric support rod, and the present application does not impose any limitation on this.
  • the vehicle body assembly further includes a third door 40 and a four-bar linkage 90.
  • the third door 40 is disposed opposite to the first door 10 in the width direction of the vehicle body assembly.
  • the four-bar linkage 90 is hinged between the third door 40 and the vehicle frame 20 for opening and closing the third door 40.
  • a support assembly 60 may also be disposed between the third door 40 and the vehicle frame 20.
  • the four-bar linkage 90 includes two connecting rods 91 that are arranged opposite to each other, and the two connecting rods 91 are both hinged to the third door 40 and the frame 20 .
  • the first door 10 may be a main driver's door
  • the third door 40 may be a co-driver's door
  • the second door 30 may be a rear door.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)

Abstract

一种车身总成和车辆。车身总成包括车架(20)、第一车门(10)、第二车门(30)和活动组件，第一车门（10）和第二车门（30）均安装于车架(20)，第二车门(30)位于第一车门(10)的后侧，第二车门(30)具有关闭位置、开启位置以及介于关闭位置和开启位置之间的预备位置，活动组件连接车架(20)与第二车门(30)，活动组件可带动第二车门(30)从关闭位置依次活动至预备位置和开启位置，第一车门(10)在关闭状态下位于第二车门(30)从预备位置活动至开启位置的活动空间之外。车身总成能够避免第一车门（10）对第二车门（30）的干涉，实现在不打开第一车门（10）的情况下打开第二车门（30）。

Description

车身总成及车辆 技术领域
本申请涉及但不限于车辆技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种车身总成及车辆。
背景技术
随着车辆工业的不断发展，人们对车辆使用舒适性的要求越来越高。其中，车门打开后进入车内的空间的大小、大件物品搬运上下车的便利性和开关车门的便利性是用户衡量车辆使用舒适性的重要指标。无B柱车型也就应运而生。目前无B柱车型越来越多，无B柱车型的车门也呈现多样化，如摆门和对开门等。
发明内容
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
本申请提供一种车身总成和车辆，能够在不打开前车门的情况下打开后车门。
第一方面，本申请提供一种车身总成，包括：车架；第一车门和第二车门，安装于所述车架，所述第二车门位于所述第一车门的后侧，所述第二车门具有关闭位置、开启位置以及介于所述关闭位置和所述开启位置之间的预备位置；及活动组件，连接所述车架与所述第二车门，所述活动组件可带动所述第二车门从所述关闭位置依次活动至所述预备位置和所述开启位置，所述第一车门在关闭状态下位于所述第二车门从所述预备位置活动至所述开启位置的活动空间之外。该车身总成能够在不打开第一车门(即，前车门)的情况下打开第二车门(即，后车门)。
在一个可选的实施例中，所述活动组件包括平面连杆机构，所述平面连杆机构位于所述车架的底部，且所述平面连杆机构所在的平面为水平面。
在一个可选的实施例中，所述平面连杆机构包括第一连杆、第二连杆、第三连杆和第四连杆，所述第一连杆与所述第二车门固定连接，所述第一连杆的两端分别与所述第二连杆和所述第三连杆铰接，所述第二连杆还与所述车架铰接，所述第三连杆还与所述第四连杆铰接，所述第四连杆还与所述车架铰接；所述第三连杆和所述第四连杆受控可相对转动，以带动所述第二车门从所述关闭位置活动至所述预备位置。
在一个可选的实施例中，所述车身总成还包括伸缩装置，所述伸缩装置的两端分别 与所述第三连杆和所述第四连杆交接，所述伸缩装置可伸缩，并被配置为驱动所述第三连杆和所述第四连杆相对转动，以带动所述第二车门从所述关闭位置活动至所述预备位置。
在一个可选的实施例中，所述第二车门具有的最大摆动角度不小于136°。
在一个可选的实施例中，在所述预备位置的所述第二车门与在所述关闭位置的所述第二车门之间的角度为10°。
在一个可选的实施例中，所述车身总成还包括设于所述车架的顶部的支撑组件，所述支撑组件包括相铰接的第一支撑杆和第二支撑杆，所述第一支撑杆还与所述车架铰接，所述第二支撑杆还与所述第二车门铰接，所述支撑组件被配置为在所述第二车门活动过程中支撑所述第二车门。
在一个可选的实施例中，所述车身总成还包括连接臂，所述连接臂通过第一轴与所述车架铰接，并通过第二轴与所述第一车门铰接，所述第一轴和所述第二轴平行设置，所述第一车门能够围绕所述第二轴相对于所述车架转动，使所述第一车门开启至第一角度，所述第一车门能够进一步围绕所述第一轴相对于所述车架转动，使所述第一车门开启至第二角度，所述第二角度大于所述第一角度。
在一个可选的实施例中，所述第一角度不小于80°；和/或所述第二角度不小于160°。
在一个可选的实施例中，所述车身总成还包括第三车门和四连杆机构，所述第三车门在所述车身总成的宽度方向上与所述第一车门相对设置，所述四连杆机构铰接于所述第三车门和所述车架之间，并被配置为打开和关闭所述第三车门。
在一个可选的实施例中，所述第三车门为副驾驶侧车门。
在一个可选的实施例中，所述第一车门为主驾驶侧车门。
第二方面，本申请提供一种车辆，包括上述任一实施例所述的车身总成。
本申请提供的一种车身总成，包括活动组件，在活动组件的带动下，后车门可先从关闭位置活动至预备位置，以避免前车门对后车门的干涉，之后再通过活动组件将后车门从预备位置活动至开启位置，实现在不打开前车门的情况下打开后车门。
在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。
附图说明
图1是本申请一示例性实施例示出的车身总成的结构示意图。
图2A和图2B是本申请一示例性实施例示出的平面连杆机构和支撑组件在关闭位置和开启位置的结构示意图。
图3是本申请一示例性实施例示出的平面连杆机构和支撑组件在预备位置的结构示意图。
图4A和图4B是本申请一示例性实施例示出的连接臂在第一车门关闭位置和开启位置的结构示意图。
图5A和图5B是本申请一示例性实施例示出的四连杆机构在第三车门关闭位置和开启位置的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：10、第一车门；20、车架；30、第二车门；40、第三车门；50、平面连杆机构；51、第一连杆；52、第二连杆；53、第三连杆；54、第四连杆；60、支撑组件；61、第一支撑杆；62、第二支撑杆；70、伸缩装置；81、连接臂；82、第一轴；83、第二轴；84、驱动连接部；90、四连杆机构；91、连杆。
具体实施方式
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表本申请构思下的所有实施方式。相反，它们仅是呈现本申请构思的部分装置和方法的例子。
在本申请中使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本申请。除非另作定义，本申请使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本申请所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常含义。本申请中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样，“一个”或者“一”等类似词语也不表示数量限制，而是表示存在至少一个，若仅指代“一个”时会再单独说明。“多个”或者“若干”表示两个及两个以上。除非另行指出，“前部”、“后部”、“下部”和/或“上部”、“顶部”、“底部”等类似词语只是为了便于说明，而并非限于一个位置或者一种空间定向。“包括”或者“包含”等类似词语意指出现在“包括”或者“包含”前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在“包括”或者“包含”后面列举 的元件或者物件及其等同元件或者物件，并不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而且可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。
在本申请说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。还应当理解，本文中使用的术语“和/或”是指并包含一个或多个相关联的列出项目的任何或所有可能组合。
目前，为了满足车身的性能，无B柱车辆同侧的前后摆门的结构在车身宽度方向存在部分重叠，因此前门对后门有限位作用。由于前门对后门的限位，一般需要先打开前门，后门才能被打开，这降低了用户的驾乘体验。
有鉴于此，本申请提供一种车身总成和车辆。
请参考图1至图5B，车身总成包括车架20、第一车门10、第二车门30和活动组件。
第一车门10和第二车门30均安装于车架20，且第二车门30位于第一车门10的后侧。第一车门10为前车门，第二车门30为后车门。第二车门30具有关闭位置(图2A)、开启位置(图2B)以及介于关闭位置和开启位置之间的预备位置(图3)。在关闭位置，第二车门30关闭，在开启位置，第二车门30打开，在预备位置，第二车门30准备打开。
活动组件连接所述车架20和所述第二车门30，活动组件可带动第二车门30从关闭位置依次活动/移动/运动至预备位置和开启位置，第一车门10在关闭状态下位于第二车门30从预备位置活动至开启位置的活动空间之外。如此设置后，在活动组件的带动下，第二车门30先从关闭位置活动至预备位置，以避免第一车门10对第二车门30的干涉，之后再通过活动组件将第二车门30从预备位置活动至开启位置，实现在不打开第一车门10的情况下打开第二车门30。换句话说，通过设置活动组件实现了第一车门(即，前车门)10和第二车门(即，后车门)30的无序开启，即，用户可以在不打开前车门的情况下打开后车门。
其中，活动组件的具体形式可以是多种多样的，例如，活动组件可以为平面连杆机构50，也可以为空间活动机构(例如机械手等)，本申请对活动组件的具体形式不做限制。
在一个实施例中，活动组件包括平面连杆机构50，通过将活动组件设置为平面连杆机构50，一方面可以节省空间，另一方面相比于空间活动机构，平面连杆机构50更易 生产和制造，且利于节省成本。进一步的，平面连杆机构50位于车架20的底部，且平面连杆机构50所在的平面为水平面，以节省车身沿高度方向上的空间，从而便于用户出入驾驶舱。
具体而言，平面连杆机构50具有第一姿态、第二姿态和第三姿态，在第一姿态下，第二车门30位于关闭位置，在第二姿态下，第二车门30位于预备位置，在第三姿态下，第二车门30位于开启位置。
在一个实施例中，平面连杆机构50为五连杆机构，且平面连杆机构50设置在车架20底部且靠近第一车门10的位置。平面连杆机构50包括第一连杆51、第二连杆52、第三连杆53和第四连杆54。第一连杆51与第二车门30固定连接，连接方式包括但不限于螺栓连接、铆接等。第一连杆51的两端分别与第二连杆52和第三连杆53铰接，第二连杆52还与车架20铰接，第三连杆53还与第四连杆54铰接，第四连杆54还与车架20铰接。第一连杆51、第二连杆52、第三连杆53、第四连杆54以及车架20共同形成五连杆机构。其中，第三连杆53和第四连杆54受控可相对转动，以带动第二车门30从关闭位置移动至预备位置。当第二车门30移动至预备位置后，第二连杆52和第四连杆54中的至少一者可受控转动，以带动第二车门30从预备位置移动至开启位置。
其中，第三连杆53和第四连杆54受控可相对转动的形式有多种，例如第三连杆53和第四连杆54的铰接处可设置有第一电机，第一电机与第三连杆53连接，以驱动第三连杆53相对于第四连杆54转动，从而带动第二车门30从关闭位置移动至预备位置。
在如图2A、图2B和图3所示的实施例中，车身总成还包括伸缩装置70，伸缩装置70的两端分别与第三连杆53和第四连杆54铰接。伸缩装置70可伸缩，以驱动第三连杆53和第四连杆54相对转动，从而带动第二车门30从关闭位置活动至预备位置。具体而言，当第二车门30需要从关闭位置活动至预备位置时，伸缩装置70可收缩，以带动第三连杆53和第四连杆54向相互靠近的方向移动，从而带动第二车门30靠近第一车门10的一端向驾驶舱内转动至预备位置，以避免第一车门10影响第二车门30的后续打开。具体而言，当伸缩装置70收缩时，第三连杆53和第四连杆54向相互靠近的方向移动，此时，第三连杆53和第四连杆54之间的角度变小，且第四连杆54和车架20的铰接处与第三连杆53和第二车门30的铰接处之间的距离变小，即第二车门30靠近第一车门10的一端向驾驶舱内转动，对应的，第二车门30远离第一车门10的一端向驾驶舱外转动，此时第二车门30到达预备位置，在此预备位置，第一车门10不会对第二车门30的后续打开造成干扰，从而实现了在不打开第一车门10的前提下也可以打 开第二车门30，提升了用户的体验。
在一个具体的实施例中，第二车门30的最大摆动角度不小于136°，在预备位置(图3)的第二车门30与在关闭位置(图2A)的第二车门30之间的角度为10°，但均不限于此。根据车辆的型号和尺寸的不同，第二车门30的最大摆动角度以及在预备位置的第二车门30与在关闭位置的第二车门30之间的角度均可随之改变。
需要说明的是，本实施例中，第二车门30的预备位置为，第二车门30的前端向驾驶舱内转动10°，第二车门30的后端向驾驶舱外转动10°，但转动角度不限于此。在一些其他的实施例中，第二车门30的预备位置也可以为，第二车门30的前端向驾驶舱外转动，第二车门30的后端向驾驶舱内转动。
当然，在其他的一些实施例中，平面连杆机构50还可以是多连杆机构(连杆数量大于5)。例如，平面连杆机构50为六连杆机构。平面连杆机构50包括第一连杆、第二连杆、第三连杆、第四连杆和第五连杆，第一连杆与第二车门30固定连接，第一连杆的两端分别与第二连杆和第三连杆铰接，第二连杆还与第五连杆铰接，第三连杆还与第四连杆铰接，第五连杆还与车架20铰接，第四连杆还与车架20铰接。第一连杆、第二连杆、第三连杆、第四连杆、第五连杆以及车架20共同形成六连杆机构。其中，第三连杆和第四连杆受控可相对转动，以带动第二车门30从关闭位置移动至预备位置。或者，第二连杆和第五连杆受控可相对转动，以带动第二车门30从关闭位置移动至预备位置。当第二车门30移动至预备位置后，第五连杆和第四连杆受控可转动，以带动第二车门30从预备位置移动至开启位置。
在一个实施例中，车身总成还包括设于车架20的顶部的支撑组件60。支撑组件60包括相铰接的第一支撑杆61和第二支撑杆62，第一支撑杆61还与车架20铰接，第二支撑杆62还与第二车门30铰接，支撑组件60被配置为在第二车门30活动过程中支撑第二车门30。如此，支撑组件60可在第二车门30活动过程中分担第二车门30的重量，以提高第二车门30摆动过程中的稳定性和安全性。
在一个实施例中，车身总成还包括连接臂81，连接臂81通过第一轴82与车架20铰接，并通过第二轴83与第一车门10铰接，第一轴82和第二轴83平行设置。第一车门10可围绕第二轴83相对于车架20转动，使第一车门10开启至第一角度，第一车门10可进一步围绕第一轴82相对于车架20转动，使第一车门10开启至第二角度，第二角度大于第一角度。例如，第一角度不小于80°，和/或第二角度不小于160°。通过设置第一轴82和第二轴83，第一车门10可分别围绕第一轴82和第二轴83相对于车架 20转动，使第一车门10具有较大的开启角度，从而满足用户大角度开启车门的需求，提升车辆的使用舒适性。
在如图4A和图4B所示的实施例中，连接臂81为弯臂，以缩小装配空间，提高空间的利用率。连接臂81包括第一端和第二端，第一端通过第一轴82与车架20铰接，第二端通过第二轴83与第一车门10铰接。在第一车门10打开过程中，连接臂81先后具有第二端与第一车门10相对转动、第一端与车架20相对静止的第一运动状态，以及第二端与第一车门10相对静止、第一端与车架20相对转动的第二运动状态。可以理解的是，在第一车门10从图4A所示的关闭位置开启时，用户施加力于第一车门10，使得第一车门10先与连接臂81的第二端相对转动，此时，连接臂81的第一端与车架20相对静止，即连接臂81的第一端与车架20成为一体，连接臂81的第一端与车身相对静止。在该第一运动状态，第一车门10开启角度的范围可为0°至80°，用户可根据需求小角度开启车门。当用户有大角度开启车门的需求时，用户继续施加力于第一车门10，使得第一车门10与连接臂81的第二端相对静止而与连接臂81成为一体，用户再次施加力于第一车门10，此时，连接臂81的第一端能够与车架20相对转动，进而加大第一车门10的开启角度，使得第一车门10最终到达图4B所示的完全开启位置。在该第二运动状态，第一车门10开启角度的范围可为80°至160°，满足用户大角度开启车门的需求。
其中，连接臂81可通过第一车门安装座连接到车架20，以节省安装空间。
在进一步的实施例中，连接臂81还包括驱动连接部84，驱动连接部84与连接臂81可一体成型，但不限于此。驱动连接部84与第一车门10之间连接有电动限位器。如此设置后，能够采用电动方式使第一车门10小角度开启，并满足车门悬停要求，以提高用户的乘坐体验。
当然，在其他的实施例中，电动限位器也可用电动撑杆代替，本申请对此不做限制。
请参考图1、图5A和图5B，在一个实施例中，车身总成还包括第三车门40和四连杆机构90。第三车门40在车身总成的宽度方向上与第一车门10相对设置。四连杆机构90铰接于第三车门40和车架20之间，用于打开和关闭第三车门40。第三车门40与车架20之间也可设置有支撑组件60。
具体而言，四连杆机构90包括相对设置的两个连杆91，两个连杆91均铰接于所述第三车门40和车架20。
其中，第一车门10可以为主驾驶侧车门，第三车门40可以为副驾驶侧车门，第二车门30可以为后车门。
以上所述仅为本申请的一些实施例而已，并不用以限制本申请。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请保护的范围之内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种车身总成，包括：
    车架；
    第一车门和第二车门，安装于所述车架，所述第二车门位于所述第一车门的后侧，所述第二车门具有关闭位置、开启位置以及介于所述关闭位置和所述开启位置之间的预备位置；及
    活动组件，连接所述车架与所述第二车门，所述活动组件可带动所述第二车门从所述关闭位置依次活动至所述预备位置和所述开启位置，所述第一车门在关闭状态下位于所述第二车门从所述预备位置活动至所述开启位置的活动空间之外。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车身总成，其中，所述活动组件包括平面连杆机构，所述平面连杆机构位于所述车架的底部，且所述平面连杆机构所在的平面为水平面。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的车身总成，其中，所述平面连杆机构包括第一连杆、第二连杆、第三连杆和第四连杆，
    所述第一连杆与所述第二车门固定连接，所述第一连杆的两端分别与所述第二连杆和所述第三连杆铰接，
    所述第二连杆还与所述车架铰接，
    所述第三连杆还与所述第四连杆铰接，
    所述第四连杆还与所述车架铰接；
    所述第三连杆和所述第四连杆受控可相对转动，以带动所述第二车门从所述关闭位置活动至所述预备位置。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的车身总成，还包括伸缩装置，
    所述伸缩装置的两端分别与所述第三连杆和所述第四连杆铰接，
    所述伸缩装置可伸缩，并被配置为驱动所述第三连杆和所述第四连杆相对转动，以带动所述第二车门从所述关闭位置活动至所述预备位置。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的车身总成，其中，所述第二车门具有的最大摆动角度不小于136°。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的车身总成，其中，在所述预备位置的所述第二车门与在所述关闭位置的所述第二车门之间的角度为10°。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的车身总成，还包括设于所述车架的顶部的支撑组件，
    所述支撑组件包括相铰接的第一支撑杆和第二支撑杆，
    所述第一支撑杆还与所述车架铰接，
    所述第二支撑杆还与所述第二车门铰接，
    所述支撑组件被配置为在所述第二车门活动过程中支撑所述第二车门。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的车身总成，还包括连接臂，
    所述连接臂通过第一轴与所述车架铰接，并通过第二轴与所述第一车门铰接，所述第一轴和所述第二轴平行设置，
    所述第一车门能够围绕所述第二轴相对于所述车架转动，使所述第一车门开启至第一角度，
    所述第一车门能够进一步围绕所述第一轴相对于所述车架转动，使所述第一车门开启至第二角度，
    所述第二角度大于所述第一角度。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的车身总成，其中，
    所述第一角度不小于80°；和/或
    所述第二角度不小于160°。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的车身总成，还包括第三车门和四连杆机构，
    所述第三车门在所述车身总成的宽度方向上与所述第一车门相对设置，
    所述四连杆机构铰接于所述第三车门和所述车架之间，并被配置为打开和关闭所述第三车门。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的车身总成，其中，所述第三车门为副驾驶侧车门。
  12. 根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的车身总成，其中，所述第一车门为主驾驶侧车门。
  13. 一种车辆，包括：如权利要求1至12中任一项所述的车身总成。
PCT/CN2024/101842 2023-07-06 2024-06-27 车身总成及车辆 Ceased WO2025007791A1 (zh)

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WO2026016635A1 (zh) * 2024-07-15 2026-01-22 浙江极氪智能科技有限公司 车门组件及车辆

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