WO2024259573A1 - 电机用转子轴及电机 - Google Patents

电机用转子轴及电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024259573A1
WO2024259573A1 PCT/CN2023/101201 CN2023101201W WO2024259573A1 WO 2024259573 A1 WO2024259573 A1 WO 2024259573A1 CN 2023101201 W CN2023101201 W CN 2023101201W WO 2024259573 A1 WO2024259573 A1 WO 2024259573A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
friction
shaft
rotating shaft
rotor shaft
friction disc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/101201
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李欣
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Original Assignee
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG filed Critical Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Priority to DE112023006522.5T priority Critical patent/DE112023006522T5/de
Priority to PCT/CN2023/101201 priority patent/WO2024259573A1/zh
Priority to CN202380099351.XA priority patent/CN121358973A/zh
Publication of WO2024259573A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024259573A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/003—Couplings; Details of shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
    • F16F15/12—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon
    • F16F15/129—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon characterised by friction-damping means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/28—Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures
    • H02K1/30—Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures using intermediate parts, e.g. spiders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/102—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with friction brakes

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of motors, and more specifically to a rotor shaft for a motor and a motor.
  • the electric motor includes a rotor shaft.
  • the rotor shaft can transmit driving torque to the wheels of the electric vehicle, so that the electric vehicle can be driven by the motor.
  • the wheels may be impacted during driving, and the impact torque from the wheels will be reversely transmitted to the rotor shaft. Excessive impact torque can easily damage the drive system of the electric vehicle.
  • the first friction disk and the second friction disk are coaxially arranged, the end surface of the first friction disk abuts against the end surface of the second friction disk, and at least one of the first friction disks
  • the disks and at least one of the second friction disks are alternately arranged as a friction disk array.
  • both side end surfaces of the second friction disk are provided with friction coatings, and both ends of the friction disk array are the first friction disks.
  • the friction assembly further includes a bracket, the bracket is fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft, the bracket is sleeved on the first friction disk, and is spline-connected to the first friction disk.
  • the bracket in another optional scheme, includes a circumferential wall, which is sleeved on the first friction disk.
  • the circumferential wall extends along the circumferential direction of the rotor shaft and reciprocates in the radial direction of the rotor shaft to form a plurality of teeth and a plurality of grooves.
  • the teeth protrude radially inwardly of the circumferential wall, and the grooves are recessed radially outwardly of the circumferential wall.
  • the teeth and the grooves are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction to serve as internal splines of the bracket.
  • the friction assembly also includes a retaining spring, which abuts against the first friction disk so that the first friction disk is limited in the axial direction of the rotor shaft, and the bracket defines a mounting groove, and the mounting groove is arranged at the top of the tooth portion, and the mounting groove passes through the tooth portion in the radial direction and the circumferential direction.
  • the retaining spring is embedded in the mounting groove, so that the retaining spring is limited in the axial direction and the radial direction.
  • the second rotating shaft is spline-connected to the second friction disk.
  • the elastic member is a disc spring.
  • the shaft assembly also includes a first bearing and a second bearing, the first bearing and the second bearing are installed in the hollow shaft cavity and sleeved on the second rotating shaft, the first bearing is used to support the second rotating shaft in the radial direction of the rotor shaft, and the second bearing is used to support the second rotating shaft in the axial direction of the rotor shaft.
  • the friction assembly can limit the torque transmitted through the rotor shaft, so that the rotor shaft can have a torque protection function.
  • the number of friction discs can be reduced, making the structure of the rotor shaft more compact.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a rotor of a motor according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exploded view of the rotor in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a rotor shaft of the rotor in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a bracket of the rotor shaft in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a first friction disk of the rotor shaft in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a second friction disk of the rotor shaft in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 7 shows an exploded view of the rotor shaft in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of the rotor shaft in FIG. 3 .
  • a “torsionally rigid connection” refers to a connection that can transmit torque.
  • 1 to 8 show a rotor of a motor according to an embodiment of the present application, and in particular, a rotor suitable for an electric vehicle.
  • the rotor may include a rotor shaft 1 , a rotor core 2 , and a balance plate 3 .
  • the shaft assembly 11 may include a first rotating shaft 111, a second rotating shaft 112, a first bearing 113, a second shaft
  • the first rotating shaft 111 includes a hollow shaft cavity 11a, and the hollow shaft cavity 11a may be a stepped hole extending along the axial direction A.
  • the first rotating shaft 111 and the second rotating shaft 112 may be coaxially arranged, and the second rotating shaft 112 may be partially inserted into the hollow shaft cavity 11a.
  • the first bearing 113, the second bearing 112 and the limiting ring 115 may be installed in the hollow shaft cavity 11a, and are all sleeved on the second rotating shaft 112.
  • the first bearing 113 may be a needle bearing, which is used to support the second rotating shaft 112 in the radial direction R.
  • the second bearing 114 may be a ball bearing, which is used to support the second rotating shaft 112 in the axial direction A.
  • the inner ring of the second bearing 114 may be interference fit with the second rotating shaft 112.
  • the outer ring of the second bearing 114 may be clearance fit with the hollow shaft cavity 11a (i.e., the first rotating shaft 111) to prevent the second rotating shaft 112 from being over-positioned.
  • the limiting ring 115 can be an elastic ring that can generate an axial compression force. The limiting ring 115 can abut against the outer ring of the second bearing 114 and the first rotating shaft 111.
  • the outer ring of the second bearing 114 is positioned between the limiting ring 115 and the hole step of the hollow shaft cavity 11a (i.e., the first rotating shaft 111), so that the outer ring of the second bearing 114 is limited in the axial direction A.
  • the friction assembly 12 may include a first friction disc 121, a second friction disc 122, an elastic member 123, a retaining spring 124, and a bracket 125.
  • the bracket 125 may be sleeved on the first friction disc 121, the second friction disc 122, the elastic member 123, and the retaining spring 124.
  • At least one first friction disc 121 and at least one second friction disc 122 may be alternately arranged in an axial direction A to form a friction disc array, and adjacent first friction discs 121 and second friction discs 122 may abut against each other.
  • the first friction disc 121 may be spline-connected with the bracket 125, for example, the first friction disc 121 and the bracket 125 may be connected to each other via a rectangular spline.
  • the elastic member 123 may be a disc spring, which may be disposed on one axial side of the friction disc array (the right side in FIG. 8).
  • the elastic member 123 may be configured to be in a compressed state and abut against one axial end of the friction disc array (the right end in FIG. 8), so that the first friction disc 121 and the second friction disc 122 are pressed against each other.
  • the retaining spring 124 can be mounted on the bracket 125 and disposed on the other axial side of the friction disc array (the left side in FIG. 8 ).
  • the retaining spring 124 can abut against the other axial end of the friction disc array (the left end in FIG. 8 ), so that the friction disc array and the elastic member 123 are limited in the axial direction A.
  • the bracket 125 may include an end wall W1 and a peripheral wall W2. Specifically, the end wall W1 may be connected to the peripheral wall W2. The end wall W1 may be perpendicular to the axial direction A, and the peripheral wall W2 may extend from the outer periphery of the end wall W1 to the other axial side (the left side in FIG. 8 ). The peripheral wall W2 may be sleeved on the friction disc array, the elastic member 123 and the retaining spring 124, and the elastic member 123 may be disposed between the friction disc array and the end wall W1.
  • the second friction disc 122 may include a friction coating. Specifically, the friction coating may be provided on both side end surfaces of the second friction disc 122, and the end surface of the first friction disc 121 may abut against the friction coating.
  • the number of first friction discs 121 may be one more than the number of second friction discs 122, so that both ends of the friction disc array are first friction discs 121.
  • the number of first friction discs 121 may be two, and the number of second friction discs 122 may be one. In this way, the friction coating with a softer texture can be covered by the first friction disc 121, so that the friction coating will not contact other components except the first friction disc 121, thereby preventing the friction coating from being scratched.
  • the friction assembly 12 can be mounted on the shaft assembly 11. Specifically, the friction disc array can be sleeved on the second rotating shaft 112 and located outside the hollow shaft cavity 11a.
  • the inner circumference of the first friction disc 121 and the outer circumference of the second rotating shaft 112 can be spaced apart in the radial direction R.
  • the second friction disc 122 can be splined to the second rotating shaft 112, for example, the second friction disc 122 and the second rotating shaft 112 can be connected to each other by an involute spline.
  • the bracket 125 can be sleeved on the first rotating shaft 111 and fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 111, for example, the bracket 125 can be welded to the first rotating shaft 111.
  • the rotor core 2 and the balance plate 3 can be mounted on the rotor shaft 1.
  • the rotor core 2 can include a plurality of laminations, and the plurality of laminations can be arranged as a lamination array along the axial direction A.
  • the laminations can be made of soft magnetic material, for example, silicon steel sheets.
  • the rotor core 2 is used to carry permanent magnets.
  • the rotor core 2 and the balance plate 3 can be sleeved on the first rotating shaft 111, and can rotate synchronously with the first rotating shaft 111, and one axial end of the rotor core 2 can abut against the balance plate 3.
  • the friction assembly 12 can be arranged on the other axial side of the rotor core 2, and the other axial end of the rotor core 2 can abut against the end wall W1.
  • the friction assembly 12 can transmit driving torque.
  • the rotor core 2 (or the permanent magnets disposed on the rotor core 2) can obtain driving torque under the drive of the magnetic field, and the driving torque can be transmitted to the first friction disk 121 via the first rotating shaft 111 and the bracket 125 in turn.
  • the driving torque can be transmitted to the wheel via the second rotating shaft 112, thereby driving the wheel to rotate.
  • a power transmission structure such as a transmission can be, but not necessarily, provided between the second rotating shaft 112 and the wheel.
  • the friction assembly 12 can limit the impact torque. Specifically, when the wheel is impacted, the impact torque received by the wheel can be transmitted in reverse to the rotor core 2 along the above-mentioned transmission path. Since the static friction between the first friction disc 121 and the second friction disc 122 is constant, the maximum torque transmitted by the second friction disc 122 to the first friction disc 121 is also constant. Once the impact torque exceeds the maximum torque that can be transmitted by the first friction disc 121 and the second friction disc 122, the first friction disc 121 and the second friction disc 122 can slide relative to each other, so that the impact torque transmitted to the first friction disc 121 does not exceed the maximum torque.
  • the motor rotor shaft and the motor according to the embodiment of the present application have at least the following advantages.
  • the rotor shaft 1 has a torque protection function. Specifically, the torque that can be transmitted by the friction assembly 12 has an upper limit, so that the torque transmitted through the rotor shaft 1 can be limited by the friction assembly 12, thereby realizing the torque protection function. Under the protection of the torque protection function, the rotor shaft 1 and other components connected to the rotor shaft 1 are Its components can be protected from the impact of impact torque, so that the driving system of the electric vehicle can have higher reliability.
  • the rotor shaft 1 has a relatively compact structure. Specifically, by arranging the first friction disc 121 and the second friction disc 122 outside the hollow shaft cavity 11a instead of inside the hollow shaft cavity 11a, the radial dimensions of the first friction disc 121 and the second friction disc 122 will not be limited by the first rotating shaft 111, so that the first friction disc 121 and the second friction disc 122 can have a larger contact area. Under the same torque upper limit, the number of friction discs is reduced, so that the rotor shaft 1 and the motor rotor and the motor including the rotor shaft 1 can have a smaller axial dimension.
  • the elastic member 123 only needs to apply pressure to one friction disc in the friction disc array to press all the friction discs in the friction disc array against each other, thereby further reducing the number of components of the rotor shaft 1.
  • the number of the first friction discs 121 is not limited to being multiple, and can be, for example, one.
  • the number of the second friction discs 122 is not limited to being one, and can be, for example, multiple.
  • the arrangement of the friction disc array is not limited to the one shown in the embodiment.
  • one end of the friction disc array can be the first friction disc 121, and the other end can be the second friction disc 122.
  • both ends of the friction disc array can be the second friction disc 122.
  • the maximum torque that the friction assembly 12 can transmit can be appropriately adjusted or set.
  • the maximum torque can be adjusted or set by changing parameters such as the type of friction coating (friction coefficient between the first friction disk 121 and the second friction disk 122), the number of friction disks, the contact area between the first friction disk 121 and the second friction disk 122, the stiffness coefficient of the elastic component 123, and the compression amount of the elastic component 123.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种电机用转子轴，包括轴组件和摩擦组件。轴组件包括第一转轴和第二转轴，第二转轴部分地插入第一转轴的中空轴腔。摩擦组件包括第一摩擦盘、第二摩擦盘以及弹性构件。第一摩擦盘与第一转轴抗扭连接，第二摩擦盘与第二转轴抗扭连接。第一摩擦盘和第二摩擦盘套设于第二转轴，并且位于中空轴腔的外部。弹性构件被配置为使第一摩擦盘抵靠第二摩擦盘，使得第一摩擦盘和第二摩擦盘能够通过彼此之间的摩擦力传递转矩。还提供一种电机。

Description

电机用转子轴及电机 技术领域
本申请涉及电机领域，更具体地涉及一种电机用转子轴及电机。
背景技术
已知电机包括转子轴。转子轴可以向电动汽车的车轮传递驱动转矩，使得电动汽车能够被电机驱动。在一些特殊的工况下，车轮在行驶过程中可能受到冲击，来自车轮的冲击转矩会反向传递至转子轴。过大的冲击转矩容易损坏电动汽车的驱动系统。
发明内容
鉴于上述现有技术的状态而做出本申请。本申请的目的在于提供一种电机用转子轴及电机，其能够克服或至少减轻上述现有技术存在的不足。
为了实现上述目的，本申请采用如下的技术方案。
本申请提供了一种如下的电机用转子轴，包括：轴组件，其包括第一转轴和第二转轴，所述第二转轴部分地插入所述第一转轴的中空轴腔；以及摩擦组件，其包括第一摩擦盘、第二摩擦盘以及弹性构件，所述第一摩擦盘与所述第一转轴抗扭连接，所述第二摩擦盘与所述第二转轴抗扭连接，所述第一摩擦盘和所述第二摩擦盘套设于所述第二转轴，所述第一摩擦盘和所述第二摩擦盘位于所述中空轴腔的外部，所述弹性构件被配置为使所述第一摩擦盘抵靠所述第二摩擦盘，使得所述第一摩擦盘和所述第二摩擦盘能够通过彼此之间的摩擦力传递转矩。
在一个可选的方案中，所述第一摩擦盘和所述第二摩擦盘同轴地布置，所述第一摩擦盘的端面抵靠所述第二摩擦盘的端面，至少一个所述第一摩擦 盘和至少一个所述第二摩擦盘交替地排列为摩擦盘阵列。
在另一个可选的方案中，所述第二摩擦盘的两侧端面均设置有摩擦涂层，所述摩擦盘阵列的两端均为所述第一摩擦盘。
在另一个可选的方案中，所述摩擦组件还包括支架，所述支架固定安装于所述第一转轴，所述支架套设于所述第一摩擦盘，并且与所述第一摩擦盘花键连接。
在另一个可选的方案中，所述支架包括周壁，所述周壁套设于所述第一摩擦盘，所述周壁沿所述转子轴的周向延伸的同时，在所述转子轴的径向上往复地延伸，以形成多个齿部和多个槽部，所述齿部向所述周壁的径向内侧凸起，所述槽部向所述周壁的径向外侧凹陷，所述齿部和所述槽部在所述周向上交替地排列，以作为所述支架的内花键。
在另一个可选的方案中，所述摩擦组件还包括卡簧，所述卡簧抵靠所述第一摩擦盘，使得所述第一摩擦盘在所述转子轴的轴向上受到限位，所述支架限定安装槽，所述安装槽设置于所述齿部的顶部，所述安装槽在所述径向和所述周向上贯通所述齿部，所述卡簧嵌入所述安装槽，使得所述卡簧在所述轴向和所述径向上受到限位。
在另一个可选的方案中，所述第二转轴与所述第二摩擦盘花键连接。
在另一个可选的方案中，所述弹性构件为碟形弹簧。
在另一个可选的方案中，所述轴组件还包括第一轴承和第二轴承，所述第一轴承和所述第二轴承安装于所述中空轴腔，并且套设于所述第二转轴，所述第一轴承用于在所述转子轴的径向上支撑所述第二转轴，所述第二轴承用于在所述转子轴的轴向上支撑所述第二转轴。
本申请提供了一种如下的电机，包括：上述的转子轴；以及转子铁芯，其用于载置永磁体，所述转子铁芯固定安装于所述转子轴，其中所述摩擦组 件设置于所述转子铁芯的轴向侧方。
采用上述技术方案，摩擦组件能够限制经由转子轴传递的转矩，使得转子轴能够具有转矩保护功能。此外，通过使第一摩擦盘和第二摩擦盘设置在中空轴腔的外部，摩擦盘的数量可以减少，使得转子轴的结构较为紧凑。
附图说明
图1示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的电机的转子的示意图。
图2示出了图1中的转子的爆炸图。
图3示出了图1中的转子的转子轴的示意图。
图4示出了图3中的转子轴的支架的示意图。
图5示出了图3中的转子轴的第一摩擦盘的示意图。
图6示出了图3中的转子轴的第二摩擦盘的示意图。
图7示出了图3中的转子轴的爆炸图。
图8示出了图3中的转子轴的剖视图。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图描述本申请的示例性实施例。应当理解，这些具体的说明仅用于示教本领域技术人员如何实施本申请，而不用于穷举本申请的所有可行的方式，也不用于限制本申请的范围。
在本申请中，如无特殊说明，“抗扭连接”是指能够传递转矩地连接。
图1至图8示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的电机的转子，特别是一种适用于电动汽车的转子。
参照图1和图2，转子可以包括转子轴1、转子铁芯2以及平衡板3。
参照图3至图8，转子轴1可以包括轴组件11和摩擦组件12。
轴组件11可以包括第一转轴111、第二转轴112、第一轴承113、第二轴 承114以及限位环115。具体地，第一转轴111可以包括中空轴腔11a，中空轴腔11a可以为沿轴向A延伸的台阶孔。第一转轴111和第二转轴112可以同轴地布置，第二转轴112可以部分地插入中空轴腔11a。第一轴承113、第二轴承112以及限位环115可以安装于中空轴腔11a，并且均套设于第二转轴112。第一轴承113可以为滚针轴承，其用于在径向R上支撑第二转轴112。第二轴承114可以为球轴承，其用于在轴向A上支撑第二转轴112。第二轴承114的内圈可以和第二转轴112过盈配合。第二轴承114的外圈可以与中空轴腔11a(即，第一转轴111)间隙配合，以防止第二转轴112过定位。限位环115可以为弹性环，能够产生轴向压紧力。限位环115可以抵靠第二轴承114的外圈和第一转轴111，第二轴承114的外圈被定位在限位环115和中空轴腔11a(即，第一转轴111)的孔台阶之间，使得第二轴承114的外圈在轴向A上受到限位。
摩擦组件12可以包括第一摩擦盘121、第二摩擦盘122、弹性构件123、卡簧124以及支架125。具体地，支架125可以套设于第一摩擦盘121、第二摩擦盘122、弹性构件123以及卡簧124。至少一个第一摩擦盘121和至少一个第二摩擦盘122可以沿轴向A交替地排列为摩擦盘阵列，相邻的第一摩擦盘121和第二摩擦盘122可以彼此抵靠。第一摩擦盘121可以与支架125花键连接，例如第一摩擦盘121和支架125可以通过矩形花键彼此连接。弹性构件123可以为碟形弹簧，其可以设置于摩擦盘阵列的轴向一侧(图8中的右侧)。弹性构件123可以被配置为压缩状态，并且抵靠摩擦盘阵列的轴向一端(图8中的右端)，使得第一摩擦盘121和第二摩擦盘122彼此压紧。卡簧124可以安装于支架125，并且设置于摩擦盘阵列的轴向另一侧(图8中的左侧)。卡簧124可以抵靠摩擦盘阵列的轴向另一端(图8中的左端)，使得摩擦盘阵列和弹性构件123在轴向A上受到限位。
支架125可以包括端壁W1和周壁W2。具体地，端壁W1可以与周壁W2 固定连接，例如可以形成为一体。端壁W1可以与轴向A垂直，周壁W2可以从端壁W1的外周部向轴向另一侧(图8中的左侧)延伸。周壁W2可以套设于摩擦盘阵列、弹性构件123以及卡簧124，弹性构件123可以设置于摩擦盘阵列和端壁W1之间。
周壁W2可以限定齿部T、槽部G以及安装槽12a。具体地，周壁W2可以在沿周向C延伸的同时，在径向R上往复地延伸，以形成多个齿部T和多个槽部G。齿部T可以向周壁W2的径向内侧凸起，槽部G可以向周壁W2的径向外侧凹陷。齿部T和槽部G可以在周向C上交替地排列，以作为支架125的内花键使用。齿部T的顶部可以设置有安装槽12a，安装槽12a可以在径向R和周向C上贯通齿部T，但是，安装槽12a可以不延伸到槽部G的外周壁。卡簧124的外周部可以嵌入安装槽12a，使得卡簧124在轴向A和径向R上受到限位。
第二摩擦盘122可以包括摩擦涂层。具体地，摩擦涂层可以设置于第二摩擦盘132的两侧端面，第一摩擦盘121的端面可以抵靠于摩擦涂层。第一摩擦盘121的数量可以比第二摩擦盘122的数量多一个，使得摩擦盘阵列的两端均为第一摩擦盘121。例如在本实施例中，第一摩擦盘121的数量可以为两个，第二摩擦盘122的数量可以为一个。这样，质地较软的摩擦涂层能够被第一摩擦盘121遮盖起来，使得摩擦涂层不会与除第一摩擦盘121以外的其它构件接触，从而能够避免摩擦涂层被刮伤。
摩擦组件12可以安装于轴组件11。具体地，摩擦盘阵列可以套设于第二转轴112，并且位于中空轴腔11a的外部。第一摩擦盘121的内周面和第二转轴112的外周面可以在径向R上间隔开。第二摩擦盘122可以与第二转轴112花键连接，例如第二摩擦盘122和第二转轴112可以通过渐开线花键彼此连接。支架125可以套设于第一转轴111，并且与第一转轴111固定连接，例如支架125可以与第一转轴111焊接。
参照图1和图2，转子铁芯2和平衡板3可以安装于转子轴1。具体地，转子铁芯2可以包括多个叠片，多个叠片可以沿轴向A排列为叠片阵列。叠片可以由软磁材料制成，例如可以为硅钢片。转子铁芯2用于载置永磁体。转子铁芯2和平衡板3可以套设于第一转轴111，并且能够与第一转轴111同步的转动，转子铁芯2的轴向一端可以抵靠平衡板3。摩擦组件12可以设置于转子铁芯2的轴向另一侧，转子铁芯2的轴向另一端可以抵靠端壁W1。
下面介绍根据本申请的实施方式的电机的工作原理。
摩擦组件12可以传递驱动转矩。具体地，转子铁芯2(或者说，设置于转子铁芯2的永磁体)可以在磁场的驱动下获得驱动转矩，驱动转矩可以依次经由第一转轴111和支架125传递至第一摩擦盘121。相邻的第一摩擦盘121和第二摩擦盘122之间存在静摩擦力，第一摩擦盘121可以通过静摩擦力向第二摩擦盘122传递驱动转矩。接着，驱动转矩可以经由第二转轴112传递至车轮，从而驱动车轮转动。可以理解，可以、但不必须在第二转轴112和车轮之间设置变速器等动力传递结构。
摩擦组件12可以限制冲击转矩。具体地，当车轮受到冲击时，车轮受到的冲击转矩可以沿上述的传递路径反向传递至转子铁芯2。由于第一摩擦盘121和第二摩擦盘122之间的静摩擦力是一定的，第二摩擦盘122向第一摩擦盘121传递的最大转矩也是一定的。一旦冲击转矩超过第一摩擦盘121和第二摩擦盘122所能传递的最大转矩，第一摩擦盘121和第二摩擦盘122可以相对滑动，使得传递至第一摩擦盘121的冲击转矩不会超过该最大转矩。
本申请的实施方式的电机用转子轴及电机至少具有以下优点。
转子轴1具有转矩保护功能。具体地，摩擦组件12所能传递的转矩具有上限，使得经由转子轴1传递的转矩能够受到摩擦组件12的限制，从而实现转矩保护功能。在转矩保护功能的保护下，转子轴1以及与转子轴1连接的其 它构件能够免于受到冲击转矩的冲击，使得电动车辆的驱动系统能够具有较高的可靠性。
转子轴1具有较为紧凑的结构。具体地，通过使第一摩擦盘121和第二摩擦盘122设置在中空轴腔11a外，而非设置于中空轴腔11a内，因而，第一摩擦盘121和第二摩擦盘122的径向尺寸不会受到第一转轴111的限制，使得第一摩擦盘121和第二摩擦盘122能够具有较大的接触面积。在转矩上限相同的情况下，摩擦盘的数量得以减少，使得转子轴1及包括该转子轴1的电机转子和电机能够具有较小的轴向尺寸。此外，通过使第一摩擦盘121和第二摩擦盘122排列为摩擦盘阵列，弹性构件123仅需向摩擦盘阵列中的一个摩擦盘施加压力，就能使摩擦盘阵列中的所有摩擦盘彼此压紧，从而能够进一步减少转子轴1的构件数量。
应当理解，上述实施例仅是示例性的，不用于限制本申请。本领域技术人员可以在本申请的教导下对上述实施例做出各种变型和改变，而不脱离本申请的范围。
应当理解，第一摩擦盘121的数量不限于为多个，例如可以为一个。第二摩擦盘122的数量不限于为一个，例如可以为多个。摩擦盘阵列的排列方式不限于实施例所示出的方式。例如，摩擦盘阵列的一端可以为第一摩擦盘121，另一端可以为第二摩擦盘122。或者，摩擦盘阵列的两端可以均为第二摩擦盘122。
应当理解，弹性构件123不限于为碟形弹簧，例如可以为螺旋弹簧。弹性构件123不限于抵靠一个第一摩擦盘121，例如弹性构件123可以被限制在两个第一摩擦盘121之间。弹性构件15不限于直接向摩擦盘施加压力，例如可以通过其它可能的构件间接地向摩擦盘施加压力。
应当理解，摩擦组件12所能传递的最大转矩可以被适当地调节或设定， 例如可以通过改变摩擦涂层的种类(第一摩擦盘121和第二摩擦盘122之间的摩擦系数)、摩擦盘的数量、第一摩擦盘121和第二摩擦盘122的接触面积、弹性构件123的劲度系数以及弹性构件123的压缩量等参数来调节或设定最大转矩。
应当理解，摩擦组件12不限于限制从第二转轴112向第一转轴111传递的转矩，例如也可以用于限制从第一转轴111向第二转轴112传递的转矩。
附图标记列表
1转子轴；
11轴组件；
111第一转轴；
112第二转轴；
113第一轴承；
114第二轴承；
115限位环；
11a中空轴腔；
12摩擦组件；
121第一摩擦盘；
122第二摩擦盘；
123弹性构件；
124卡簧；
125支架；
12a安装槽；
2转子铁芯；
3平衡板；
W1端壁；
W2周壁；
T齿部；
G槽部；
A轴向；
R径向；
C周向

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电机用转子轴，其特征在于，包括：
    轴组件(11)，其包括第一转轴(111)和第二转轴(112)，所述第二转轴(112)部分地插入所述第一转轴(111)的中空轴腔(11a)；以及
    摩擦组件(12)，其包括第一摩擦盘(121)、第二摩擦盘(122)以及弹性构件(123)，所述第一摩擦盘(121)与所述第一转轴(111)抗扭连接，所述第二摩擦盘(122)与所述第二转轴(112)抗扭连接，所述第一摩擦盘(121)和所述第二摩擦盘(122)套设于所述第二转轴(112)，所述第一摩擦盘(121)和所述第二摩擦盘(122)位于所述中空轴腔(11a)的外部，所述弹性构件(123)被配置为使所述第一摩擦盘(121)抵靠所述第二摩擦盘(122)，使得所述第一摩擦盘(121)和所述第二摩擦盘(122)能够通过彼此之间的摩擦力传递转矩。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电机用转子轴，其特征在于，所述第一摩擦盘(121)和所述第二摩擦盘(122)同轴地布置，所述第一摩擦盘(121)的端面抵靠所述第二摩擦盘(122)的端面，至少一个所述第一摩擦盘(121)和至少一个所述第二摩擦盘(122)交替地排列为摩擦盘阵列。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的转子轴，其特征在于，所述第二摩擦盘(122)的两侧端面均设置有摩擦涂层，所述摩擦盘阵列的两端均为所述第一摩擦盘(121)。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的电机用转子轴，其特征在于，所述摩擦组件(12)还包括支架(125)，所述支架(125)固定安装于所述第一转轴(111)，所述支架(125)套设于所述第一摩擦盘(121)，并且与所述第一摩擦盘(121)花键连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电机用转子轴，其特征在于，所述支架(125)包括周壁(W2)，所述周壁(W2)套设于所述第一摩擦盘(121)，所述周 壁(W2)沿所述转子轴(1)的周向(C)延伸的同时，在所述转子轴(1)的径向(R)上往复地延伸，以形成多个齿部(T)和多个槽部(G)，所述齿部(T)向所述周壁(W2)的径向内侧凸起，所述槽部(G)向所述周壁(W2)的径向外侧凹陷，所述齿部(T)和所述槽部(G)在所述周向(C)上交替地排列，以作为所述支架(125)的内花键。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电机用转子轴，其特征在于，所述摩擦组件(12)还包括卡簧(124)，所述卡簧(124)抵靠所述第一摩擦盘(121)，使得所述第一摩擦盘(121)在所述转子轴(1)的轴向(A)上受到限位，
    所述支架(125)限定安装槽(12a)，所述安装槽(12a)设置于所述齿部(T)的顶部，所述安装槽(12a)在所述径向(R)和所述周向(C)上贯通所述齿部(T)，所述卡簧(124)嵌入所述安装槽(12a)，使得所述卡簧(124)在所述轴向(A)和所述径向(R)上受到限位。
  7. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的电机用转子轴，其特征在于，所述第二转轴(112)与所述第二摩擦盘(122)花键连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的电机用转子轴，其特征在于，所述弹性构件(123)为碟形弹簧。
  9. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的电机用转子轴，其特征在于，所述轴组件(11)还包括第一轴承(113)和第二轴承(114)，所述第一轴承(113)和所述第二轴承(114)安装于所述中空轴腔(11a)，并且套设于所述第二转轴(112)，所述第一轴承(113)用于在所述转子轴(1)的径向(R)上支撑所述第二转轴(112)，所述第二轴承(114)用于在所述转子轴(1)的轴向(A)上支撑所述第二转轴(112)。
  10. 一种电机，其特征在于，包括：
    权利要求1至9中任一项所述的转子轴(1)；以及
    转子铁芯(2)，其用于载置永磁体，所述转子铁芯(2)固定安装于所述转子轴(1)，其中
    所述摩擦组件(12)设置于所述转子铁芯(2)的轴向侧方。
PCT/CN2023/101201 2023-06-20 2023-06-20 电机用转子轴及电机 Ceased WO2024259573A1 (zh)

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CN218326011U (zh) * 2021-04-27 2023-01-17 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 用于扭振减振器的摩擦装置和用于动力总成的扭振减振器

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CN102072265A (zh) * 2009-11-20 2011-05-25 埃博集团有限公司 紧凑式盘簧扭矩限制器
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