WO2024254731A1 - 电池及用电设备 - Google Patents

电池及用电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024254731A1
WO2024254731A1 PCT/CN2023/099622 CN2023099622W WO2024254731A1 WO 2024254731 A1 WO2024254731 A1 WO 2024254731A1 CN 2023099622 W CN2023099622 W CN 2023099622W WO 2024254731 A1 WO2024254731 A1 WO 2024254731A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wall
side wall
reinforcing portion
battery
peripheral side
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/099622
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
姚文磊
陈腾腾
邓道林
刘莹
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
Original Assignee
Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd filed Critical Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
Priority to EP23940970.9A priority Critical patent/EP4726861A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2023/099622 priority patent/WO2024254731A1/zh
Priority to CN202380058969.1A priority patent/CN119678295A/zh
Publication of WO2024254731A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024254731A1/zh
Priority to US19/416,324 priority patent/US20260100454A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/107—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/117—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/119—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/131—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas permeability, size or heat resistance
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a battery and electrical equipment.
  • Hard shell batteries (such as steel shell batteries) are widely used due to their high safety and convenient processing and manufacturing.
  • the inventors of the present application have discovered that when the shell of a hard-shell battery expands due to abnormal gas production, the bulging main wall will pull the side wall, causing creases and collapse in the side wall.
  • the collapsed portion can easily squeeze the electrode and cause a short circuit, affecting the safety of the battery.
  • a battery comprising an electrode assembly, a shell and a pole, wherein the electrode assembly is accommodated in the shell.
  • the shell comprises a first wall and a second wall arranged opposite to each other along a first direction, and a peripheral side wall arranged between the first wall and the second wall.
  • the first direction is the thickness direction of the battery.
  • the first wall comprises a reinforcing portion, which protrudes from the peripheral side wall.
  • the peripheral side wall comprises a top wall and a bottom wall arranged opposite to each other along a second direction, the top wall is provided with a through hole, and the pole is arranged in the through hole.
  • the reinforcing portion protrudes out of the peripheral side wall.
  • the reinforcing portion can suppress the formation of creases at the edge of the first wall, reduce the pulling on the peripheral side wall, and at the same time can form support for the peripheral side wall, strengthen the structural strength of the peripheral side wall, and improve the ability of the peripheral side wall to resist pulling deformation, thereby reducing the risk of collapse of the peripheral side wall and improving the safety performance of the battery.
  • the first wall and the peripheral side wall are connected by welding to improve the connection strength between the first wall and the peripheral side wall.
  • the shell contains metal elements, and the metal elements include at least one of Mg, Al, Zn, Fe, Sn, Cu, Ag, Pt, Au, and Mn, which are used to improve the structural strength of the shell and make the shell conductive.
  • the peripheral side wall includes a side wall body and a flange, the flange is provided at one end of the peripheral side wall adjacent to the first wall, and one side surface of the flange is connected to the first wall.
  • the reinforcement portion protrudes out of a side of the flange away from the side wall body, which can strengthen the structural strength of the peripheral side wall and improve the ability of the peripheral side wall to resist pulling deformation.
  • the reinforcing portion is bent toward the peripheral side wall to reduce space waste caused by the reinforcing portion protruding from the peripheral side wall, thereby increasing the energy density of the battery, and further strengthening the structural strength of the peripheral side wall to improve the ability of the peripheral side wall to resist pulling deformation.
  • the first wall includes a main body portion, the main body portion is connected to the peripheral side wall, and the main body portion and the reinforcement portion are integrally formed to simplify the manufacturing process of the reinforcement portion, and further enhance the structural strength of the first wall, thereby suppressing the electric When the pool expands, creases are generated at the edge of the first wall, reducing the pulling on the surrounding side walls.
  • the peripheral side wall further includes a first side wall and a second side wall arranged opposite to each other along a third direction, the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other, and the reinforcing portion protrudes from at least one of the group consisting of a top wall, a bottom wall, a first side wall and a second side wall.
  • the length of the top wall or the bottom wall in the third direction is greater than the length of the first side wall or the second side wall in the second direction, and the reinforcing portion protrudes from the top wall or the bottom wall.
  • the side edge of the main body connected to the top wall or the bottom wall is more likely to form a stress concentration point and cause bending.
  • the reinforcing portion protrudes from the top wall or the bottom wall, so that the reinforcing portion is connected to the longer side edge of the main body to correspond to the stress concentration point of the main body, further reducing the risk of creases at the edge of the first wall and causing the corresponding top wall or bottom wall to collapse, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery.
  • the electrode assembly is a winding structure
  • the winding axis direction of the winding structure is the same as the second direction
  • the reinforcement portion protrudes from the top wall or the bottom wall.
  • the collapsed part squeezes the winding end surface of the winding structure, which is likely to cause a positive and negative short circuit.
  • the reinforcement portion protrudes from the top wall or the bottom wall, which can reduce the risk of creases at the edge of the first wall and causing the corresponding top wall or bottom wall to collapse and squeeze the winding end surface to cause a positive and negative short circuit, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery.
  • the reinforcement portion includes a plurality of sub-portions spaced apart along the second direction or the third direction so as to disperse the force on the reinforcement portion and improve the collapse suppression effect.
  • the battery further includes a circuit board assembly, which is located on one side of the top wall.
  • the top wall and the circuit board assembly can be connected and fixed by an adhesive.
  • the top wall has a higher structural strength than the bottom wall under the support of the circuit board assembly.
  • the reinforcing portion protrudes from the top wall or the bottom wall, and along the third direction, the relationship between the length I1 of the reinforcing portion and the length L1 of the top wall or the bottom wall satisfies: I1 ⁇ 10% L1; wherein, the length I1 of the reinforcing portion is the length of the side of the reinforcing portion connected to the main body.
  • the length L1 of the bottom wall is the length of the side of the main body connected to the bottom wall.
  • the reinforcing portion can better suppress the generation of creases at the edge of the first wall, reduce the pulling on the bottom wall, and at the same time better support the bottom wall, strengthen the structural strength of the bottom wall, and improve the ability of the bottom wall to resist pulling deformation, thereby reducing the risk of bottom wall collapse and improving the safety performance of the battery.
  • the reinforcing portion protrudes from the top wall, the above range is also met.
  • the reinforcing portion protrudes out of the first side wall or the second side wall, and along the second direction, the relationship between the length I2 of the reinforcing portion and the length L2 of the first side wall or the second side wall satisfies: I2 ⁇ 10% L2; wherein, the length I2 of the reinforcing portion is the length of the side of the reinforcing portion connected to the main body.
  • the length L2 of the second side wall is the length of the side of the main body connected to the second side wall.
  • the reinforcing portion can better suppress the generation of creases at the edge of the first wall, reduce the pulling of the second side wall, and at the same time better support the second side wall, strengthen the structural strength of the second side wall, and improve the ability of the second side wall to resist pulling deformation, thereby reducing the risk of collapse of the second side wall and improving the safety performance of the battery.
  • the reinforcing portion protrudes out of the first side wall, the above range is also met.
  • the protruding width W1 of the reinforcement part satisfies: W1 ⁇ 0.1 mm.
  • W1 ⁇ 0.1 mm the structural strength of the reinforcement part can be improved, and the surrounding side wall can be better suppressed. It should be noted that when the reinforcing portion is in a trapezoidal, semicircular, triangular or other shape, the portion that meets the above range is the effective portion of the reinforcing portion.
  • the reinforcing portion protrudes from the top wall or the bottom wall, and along the third direction, the relationship between the spacing m1 between one end of the reinforcing portion close to the first side wall and the first side wall, and the spacing m2 between one end of the reinforcing portion close to the second side wall and the second side wall satisfies: 0 ⁇ m1 ⁇ 43%L1, 0 ⁇ m2 ⁇ 43%L1.
  • the center of the side where the main body of the first wall is connected to the bottom wall is a position where creases are easily generated, which causes the center of the bottom wall to collapse more easily.
  • the reinforcing portion can reinforce the center where the main body of the first wall is connected to the bottom wall where creases are more likely to be generated, thereby better suppressing the generation of creases at the edge of the first wall and the collapse of the bottom wall, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery.
  • the reinforcing portion protrudes from the top wall, the above range is also met.
  • the reinforcing portion protrudes out of the first side wall or the second side wall, and along the second direction, the length L2 of the second side wall, the spacing m3 between one end of the reinforcing portion facing the top wall and the top wall, and the spacing m4 between one end of the reinforcing portion facing the bottom wall and the bottom wall satisfy: 0 ⁇ m3 ⁇ 43%L2, 0 ⁇ m4 ⁇ 43%L2.
  • the reinforcing portion protruding out of the second side wall as an example, by controlling 0 ⁇ m3 ⁇ 43%L2, 0 ⁇ m4 ⁇ 43%L2, the reinforcing portion can reinforce the center where the main body of the first wall, which is more prone to creases, is connected to the second side wall, thereby better suppressing the generation of creases at the edge of the first wall and the collapse of the second side wall, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery.
  • the reinforcing portion protrudes out of the first side wall, the above range is also satisfied.
  • the present application further provides an electrical device, comprising the battery in any one of the above embodiments. Therefore, the electrical device of the present application has good safety in use.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of a battery in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a bent reinforcement portion in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a subdivision in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the position of a circuit board assembly in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a first size structure of a battery in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a second size structure of a battery in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a third-size structure of a battery in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrical device in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the inventor of the present application has found that when the hard shell battery expands due to abnormal gas production, the bulging The main wall will pull the side wall, causing creases and collapse in the side wall.
  • the collapsed part can easily squeeze the electrode and cause a short circuit, affecting the safety of the battery.
  • a battery comprising an electrode assembly, a shell and a pole, wherein the electrode assembly is accommodated in the shell.
  • the shell comprises a first wall and a second wall arranged opposite to each other along a first direction, and a peripheral side wall arranged between the first wall and the second wall, wherein the first direction is the thickness direction of the battery.
  • the first wall comprises a reinforcing portion, wherein the reinforcing portion protrudes from the peripheral side wall.
  • the peripheral side wall comprises a top wall and a bottom wall arranged opposite to each other along a second direction, wherein the top wall is provided with a through hole, and the pole is provided in the through hole.
  • the reinforcing portion protrudes from the peripheral side wall.
  • the reinforcing portion can suppress the generation of creases at the edge of the first wall, reduce the pulling of the peripheral side wall, and at the same time can form support for the peripheral side wall, strengthen the structural strength of the peripheral side wall, and improve the ability of the peripheral side wall to resist pulling deformation, thereby reducing the risk of collapse of the peripheral side wall and improving the safety performance of the battery.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery 100, including an electrode assembly 10, a shell 20 and a pole 30.
  • the electrode assembly 10 is accommodated in the shell 20, and the electrode assembly 10 is used to convert chemical energy into electrical energy.
  • the electrode assembly 10 is a winding structure or a laminated structure.
  • the shell 20 is made of a metal material to improve the structural strength of the shell 20 and make the shell 20 conductive.
  • the shell 20 contains a metal element, and the metal element includes at least one of Mg, Al, Zn, Fe, Sn, Cu, Ag, Pt, Au, and Mn.
  • the thickness direction of the battery 100 is defined as a first direction Z
  • the housing 20 includes a first wall 21 and a second wall 22 that are arranged opposite to each other along the first direction Z, and a peripheral side wall 23 that is arranged between the first wall 21 and the second wall 22.
  • a sealed space for accommodating the electrode assembly 10 is formed between the first wall 21, the second wall 22, and the peripheral side wall 23.
  • the first wall 21 and the peripheral side wall 23 are connected by welding to improve the connection strength between the first wall 21 and the peripheral side wall 23.
  • the first wall 21 includes a reinforcing portion 211, which protrudes from the peripheral side wall 23.
  • the reinforcing portion 211 can suppress the generation of creases at the edge of the first wall 21, reduce the pulling on the peripheral side wall 23, and at the same time can form support for the peripheral side wall 23, strengthen the structural strength of the peripheral side wall 23, and improve the ability of the peripheral side wall 23 to resist pulling deformation, thereby reducing the risk of collapse of the peripheral side wall 23 and improving the safety performance of the battery 100.
  • the second wall 22 has a similar structure to the first wall 21, and a corresponding reinforcement portion may be provided to strengthen the structural strength of the peripheral side wall 23, thereby improving the ability of the peripheral side wall 23 to resist tensile deformation.
  • the following embodiment is described based on an embodiment in which the first wall 21 includes the reinforcement portion 211 and the second wall 22 does not include the reinforcement portion.
  • the peripheral side wall 23 includes a top wall 231 and a bottom wall 232 arranged opposite to each other along a second direction X, wherein the second direction X is perpendicular to the first direction Z.
  • the top wall 231 is provided with a through hole 2311, and the pole 30 is arranged in the through hole 2311 and is insulated from the housing 20, so that the housing 20 and the pole 30 are respectively electrically connected to the electrode assembly 10 and have opposite polarities.
  • one end of the pole 30 is located in the housing 20 and connected to the electrode assembly 10, and the other end of the pole 30 passes through the through hole 2311 and protrudes out of the top wall 231.
  • the peripheral side wall 23 further includes a first side wall 233 and a second side wall 234.
  • the first side wall 233 and the second side wall 234 are arranged opposite to each other along the third direction Y, wherein the first direction Z, the second direction X and the third direction Y are perpendicular to each other.
  • the reinforcing portion 211 protrudes out of at least one of the group consisting of the top wall 231, the bottom wall 232, the first side wall 233 and the second side wall 234.
  • the peripheral side wall 23 includes a side wall body 23a and a flange 23b.
  • the flange 23b is disposed at one end of the peripheral side wall 23 adjacent to the first wall 21.
  • a sealed space for accommodating the electrode assembly 10 is formed between the side wall body 23a, the first wall 21, and the second wall 22.
  • the flange 23b protrudes outward from one end of the side wall body 23a adjacent to the first wall 21 in a direction perpendicular to the side wall body 23a.
  • the side surface of the flange 23b facing the first wall 21 is connected to the first wall 21.
  • the reinforcing portion 211 protrudes from the side of the flange 23b away from the side wall body 23a, which can strengthen the structural strength of the peripheral side wall 23 and improve the ability of the peripheral side wall 23 to resist pulling deformation.
  • the peripheral side wall 23 does not include the flange 23 b , and the end surface of the side wall body 23 a facing the first wall 21 is directly connected to the first wall 21 .
  • the first wall 21 includes a main body 212, and the main body 212 is connected to the peripheral side wall 23.
  • the projection of the main body 212 overlaps with the projection of the second wall 22, and the projection of the outer contour of the main body 212 overlaps with the projection of the peripheral side wall 23.
  • a sealed space for accommodating the electrode assembly 10 is formed between the main body 212, the second wall 22 and the peripheral side wall 23.
  • the reinforcing portion 211 is connected to the main body 212 and is integrally formed with the main body 212 to further strengthen the structural strength of the peripheral side wall 23 and improve the ability of the peripheral side wall 23 to resist pulling deformation.
  • the integral molding of the reinforcing portion 211 and the main body 212 also facilitates the simplification of the manufacturing process of the reinforcing portion 211 and reduces the production cost.
  • the reinforcing portion 211 is bent toward the peripheral side wall 23 to reduce the space waste caused by the reinforcing portion 211 protruding from the peripheral side wall 23, improve the energy density of the battery 100, and further strengthen the structural strength of the peripheral side wall 23, and improve the ability of the peripheral side wall 23 to resist pulling deformation.
  • the reinforcing portion 211 is connected to the main body 212 and extends along the first direction Z.
  • the projection of the main body 212 along the first direction Z is rectangular.
  • the main body 212 includes four sides.
  • a reinforcing portion 211 is provided on any one side of the main body 212, or two opposite sides of the main body 212 are respectively provided with reinforcing portions 211, or two adjacent sides of the main body 212 are respectively provided with reinforcing portions 211, or any three sides of the main body 212 are respectively provided with reinforcing portions 211, or all four sides of the main body 212 are respectively provided with reinforcing portions 211.
  • the reinforcing portion 211 is rectangular, and includes a first side 211a, a second side 211b, and a third side 211c.
  • the first side 211a is away from the main body 212, and the second side 211b and the third side 211c are connected between the first side 211a and the main body 212 and are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the extension direction of the first side 211a is parallel to the extension direction of the side of the main body 212 where the reinforcing portion 211 is located, so that the structural strength of each part of the reinforcing portion 211 is balanced.
  • the projection of the main body 212 is circular, and correspondingly, the peripheral side wall 23 is circular, and the extension direction of the first edge 211a is parallel to the extension direction of the side of the main body 212 where the reinforcement portion 211 is located, so that the structural strength of each part of the reinforcement portion 211 is balanced.
  • the projection of the main body 212 may also be in a triangle, a polygon, an irregular shape, etc.; the reinforcement portion 211 may also be in a trapezoidal, semicircular, triangular, etc. shape.
  • the length of the top wall 231 or the bottom wall 232 in the third direction Y is greater than the length of the first side wall 233 or the second side wall 234 in the second direction X.
  • the length of the side of the main body 212 connected to the top wall 231 or the bottom wall 232 is greater than the length of the side of the main body 212 connected to the first side wall 233 or the second side wall 234.
  • the length of the main body 212 connected to the top wall 231 or the bottom wall 232 is greater than the length of the side of the main body 212 connected to the first side wall 233 or the second side wall 234.
  • the side edges are more likely to form stress concentration points and cause bending.
  • the reinforcement portion 211 protrudes from the top wall 231 or the bottom wall 232, so that the reinforcement portion 211 is connected to the longer side edge of the main body 212 to correspond to the stress concentration point of the main body 212, further reducing the risk of creases at the edge of the first wall 21 and causing the corresponding top wall 231 or bottom wall 232 to collapse, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery 100.
  • the electrode assembly 10 is a winding structure, and the winding axis direction of the winding structure is the same as the second direction X.
  • the electrode assembly 10 includes a top surface 11 and a bottom surface 12. There is a straight section 13 and a curved section 14 between the top surface 11 and the bottom surface 12.
  • the top surface 11 and the bottom surface 12 are arranged opposite to each other along the second direction X, and the top surface 11 is close to the top wall 231, and the bottom surface 12 is close to the bottom wall 232.
  • the two curved sections 14 are respectively close to the first side wall 233 and the second side wall 234.
  • the structural strength of the curved section 14 is higher than that of the top surface 11 and the bottom surface 12.
  • the curved section 14 can support the first side wall 233 and the second side wall 234, so that the stress of the top wall 231 and the bottom wall 232 is more concentrated.
  • the collapse of the top wall 231 and the bottom wall 232 is easy to squeeze the top surface 11 and the bottom surface 12, thereby causing a short circuit.
  • the reinforcing portion 211 protrudes out of the top wall 231 or the bottom wall 232 , which can reduce the risk of creases being generated at the edge of the first wall 21 and causing the corresponding top wall 231 or bottom wall 232 to collapse, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery 100 .
  • the reinforcing portion 211 includes a plurality of sub-portions 2111 spaced apart along the third direction Y so as to disperse the force on the reinforcing portion 211 and improve the structural strength of the reinforcing portion 211 .
  • the plurality of sub-portions 2111 are arranged at equal intervals along the third direction Y so that each sub-portion 2111 is subjected to uniform force.
  • the reinforcing portion 211 when the reinforcing portion 211 protrudes out from the first side wall 233 and the second side wall 234 , the reinforcing portion 211 includes a plurality of sub-portions 2111 spaced apart along the second direction X, so as to disperse the force on the reinforcing portion 211 and improve the structural strength of the reinforcing portion 211 .
  • the battery 100 further includes a circuit board assembly 40, which is located on one side of the top wall 231.
  • the top wall 231 and the circuit board assembly 40 can be connected and fixed by an adhesive.
  • the top wall 231 has a higher structural strength than the bottom wall 232 under the support of the circuit board assembly 40.
  • the side of the main body 212 connected to the bottom wall 232 is easy to pull the bottom wall 232 to deform, making it easier for the side of the main body 212 connected to the bottom wall 232 to form a stress concentration point and cause bending.
  • the reinforcing portion 211 protrudes out of the bottom wall 232, which can reduce the risk of creases at the edge of the first wall 21 and collapse of the bottom wall 232, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery 100.
  • the relationship between the length I1 of the reinforcing portion 211 and the length L1 of the bottom wall 232 satisfies: I1 ⁇ 10% L1.
  • the length I1 of the reinforcing portion 211 is the length of the side of the reinforcing portion 211 connected to the main body 212
  • the length L1 of the bottom wall 232 is the length of the side of the main body 212 connected to the bottom wall 232.
  • the reinforcing portion 211 can better suppress the crease at the edge of the first wall 21, reduce the pulling of the bottom wall 232, and at the same time better support the bottom wall 232, strengthen the structural strength of the bottom wall 232, and improve the ability of the bottom wall 232 to resist pulling deformation, thereby reducing the risk of collapse of the bottom wall 232 and improving the safety performance of the battery.
  • the reinforcing portion 211 protrudes from the top wall 231, the above range is also met.
  • I1 may be 10% L1, 15% L1, 20% L1, 25% L1, 30% L1, 35% L1, 40% L1, 45% L1, 50% L1, 55% L1, 60% L1, 65% L1, 70% L1, 75% L1, 80% L1, 85% L1, 90% L1, 95% L1, 100% L1, or a range consisting of any two of the above values.
  • the length I1 of the reinforcing portion 211 is the distance between the two outermost sub-portions 2111 on opposite sides thereof.
  • the protruding width W1 of the reinforcing portion 211 satisfies: W1 ⁇ 0.1 mm.
  • W1 ⁇ 0.1 mm the structural strength of the reinforcing portion 211 can be improved, and the collapse of the peripheral side wall 23 can be better suppressed.
  • the portion that satisfies the above range is the effective portion of the reinforcing portion 211.
  • W1 may be 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1 mm, or any other value within a range of ⁇ 0.1 mm.
  • the protruding width of the reinforcing portion 211 is less than or equal to the width of the bottom wall 232 in the first direction Z, so that after the reinforcing portion 211 is bent toward the bottom wall 232, along the second direction X, the end of the reinforcing portion 211 away from the main body portion 212 is located within the projection range of the bottom wall 232, thereby reducing the space waste caused by the protrusion of the reinforcing portion 211 beyond the second wall 22 after the bending, thereby improving the energy density of the battery 100.
  • the relationship between the spacing m1 between one end of the reinforcing portion 211 close to the first side wall 233 and the first side wall 233, and the spacing m2 between one end of the reinforcing portion 211 close to the second side wall 234 and the second side wall 234 satisfies: 0 ⁇ m1 ⁇ 43%L1, 0 ⁇ m2 ⁇ 43%L1.
  • the center of the side where the main body 212 of the first wall 21 is connected to the bottom wall 232 is a position where creases are easily generated, which causes the center of the bottom wall 232 to collapse more easily.
  • the reinforcing portion 211 can reinforce the center where the main body 212 of the first wall 21 is connected to the bottom wall 232, which is more likely to crease, so as to better suppress the generation of creases at the edge of the first wall 21 and the collapse of the bottom wall 232, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery.
  • the reinforcing portion 211 protrudes out of the top wall 231 , the above range is also satisfied.
  • m1 can be selected from 0, 5% L1, 10% L1, 15% L1, 20% L1, 25% L1, 30% L1, 35% L1, 40% L1, 41% L1, 42% L1, 43% L1 or a range consisting of any two of the above values; m2 can be selected from 0, 5% L1, 10% L1, 15% L1, 20% L1, 25% L1, 30% L1, 35% L1, 40% L1, 41% L1, 42% L1, 43% L1 or a range consisting of any two of the above values.
  • the electrode assembly 10 is a laminated structure, and the stacking direction of the laminated structure is the same as the first direction Z, and the surrounding sides of the electrode assembly 10 are prone to bending.
  • the size and position relationship of the reinforcing portion 211 protruding from the top wall 231 or the bottom wall 232 are the same as those in the above embodiment.
  • the size of the reinforcing portion 211 protruding from the first side wall 233 or the second side wall 234 is The relationship between the size and position is similar to that in the above embodiment, and is as follows:
  • the relationship between the length I2 of the reinforcing portion 211 and the length L2 of the second side wall 234 satisfies: I2 ⁇ 10% L2.
  • the length I2 of the reinforcing portion 211 is the length of the side of the reinforcing portion 211 connected to the main body 212
  • the length L2 of the second side wall 234 is the length of the side of the main body 212 connected to the second side wall 234.
  • the reinforcing portion 211 can better suppress the generation of creases at the edge of the first wall 21, reduce the pulling of the second side wall 234, and at the same time better support the second side wall 234, strengthen the structural strength of the second side wall 234, and improve the ability of the second side wall 234 to resist pulling deformation, thereby reducing the risk of collapse of the second side wall 234 and improving the safety performance of the battery.
  • the reinforcing portion 211 protrudes out of the first side wall 233, the above range is also met.
  • the protruding width W2 of the reinforcing portion 211 satisfies: W2 ⁇ 0.1 mm.
  • W2 w3 + w4.
  • the third spacing m3 between one end of the reinforcing portion 211 facing the top wall 231 and the top wall 231, and the fourth spacing m4 between one end of the reinforcing portion 211 facing the bottom wall 232 and the bottom wall 232 satisfy: 0 ⁇ m3 ⁇ 43%L2, 0 ⁇ m4 ⁇ 43%L2.
  • the reinforcing portion 211 can reinforce the center where the main body 212 of the first wall 21 is more prone to creases and the second side wall 234 is connected, thereby better suppressing the generation of creases at the edge of the first wall 21 and the collapse of the second side wall 234, and improving the safety performance of the battery.
  • the reinforcing portion 211 protrudes out of the first side wall 233, the above range is also satisfied.
  • m3 m4
  • the position of the reinforcing portion 211 corresponds to the position where the first wall is prone to creases, so that the reinforcing portion 211 is subjected to uniform force.
  • the batteries of each comparative example and each embodiment are subjected to a hot box test.
  • the batteries are first allowed to stand at room temperature and then placed in a hot box.
  • the temperature of the hot box is increased to 130°C ⁇ 2°C at a heating rate of 5°C ⁇ 2°C and maintained at a constant temperature of 130°C ⁇ 2°C for 1 hour. After the test, observe whether the battery shell has creases or collapses.
  • Table 1 provides comparative example 1 and embodiments 1 to 8.
  • the battery used in the table has a thickness of 4.5 mm.
  • the battery adopts a wound electrode assembly, and the winding axis direction is the direction relative to the bottom wall 232 and the top wall 231.
  • L1 in the table corresponds to the length of the bottom wall 232 of the battery.
  • a circuit board assembly 40 is welded on one side of the top wall 231.
  • the wound electrode assembly is formed by stacking and winding the positive electrode sheet, the separator and the negative electrode sheet in sequence, wherein the separator is arranged between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.
  • the battery of comparative example 1 is not provided with a reinforcing portion 211, and the batteries of embodiments 1 to 8 are all provided with a reinforcing portion 211, and the reinforcing portion 211 protrudes from the bottom wall 232 (see Figure 7).
  • the reinforcing portion 211 of the battery in embodiments 4 to 5 includes a plurality of subdivisions 2111, each of which is arranged at equal intervals along the third direction Y, and the length I1 of the reinforcing portion 211 is the spacing between the two outermost subdivisions 2111 on the third direction Y.
  • the length of each section is 4 mm, and the spacing between each section is 1 mm; in Example 5, the length of each section is 6 mm, and the spacing between each section is 1 mm.
  • the reinforcing portion 211 can reduce the risk of creases being generated at the edge of the first wall 21 causing the bottom wall 232 to collapse when the battery expands, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery 100 .
  • Table 2 provides Comparative Example 2 and Example 9, in which the battery used in the table has a thickness of 4.3 mm, and the battery adopts a laminated electrode assembly, which is formed by alternately stacking positive electrode sheets, separators, and negative electrode sheets, wherein the separator is disposed between the positive electrode sheets and the negative electrode sheets, and the length corresponding to the top wall 231 and the bottom wall 232 is L1, and the length corresponding to the first side wall 233 and the second side wall 234 is L2.
  • the battery of Comparative Example 2 is not provided with a reinforcing portion 211
  • the battery of Example 9 is provided with four reinforcing portions 211, and one of them protrudes from the top wall 231, one protrudes from the bottom wall 232, one protrudes from the first side wall 233, and the other protrudes from the second side wall 234.
  • Figure 9 takes the reinforcement portion 211 protruding from the bottom wall 232 and the second side wall 234 as an example.
  • the situation where the reinforcement portion 211 protrudes from the top wall 231 is the same as the situation where the reinforcement portion 211 protrudes from the bottom wall 232, and the situation where the reinforcement portion 211 protrudes from the first side wall 233 is the same as the situation where the reinforcement portion 211 protrudes from the second side wall 234.
  • the reinforcing portion 211 can reduce the risk of creases being generated at the edge of the first wall 21 when the battery expands, causing the top wall 231 , the bottom wall 232 , the first side wall 233 and the second side wall 234 to collapse, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery 100 .
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an electric device 200, and the electric device 200 includes any one of the batteries 100 in the above embodiments.
  • the electric device 200 may be, but is not limited to, an electronic device such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a drone.
  • the reinforcing portion 211 protrudes out of the surrounding side wall 23.
  • the reinforcing portion 211 can suppress the generation of creases at the edge of the first wall 21, reduce the pulling on the surrounding side wall 23, and at the same time can form support for the surrounding side wall 23, strengthen the structural strength of the surrounding side wall 23, and improve the ability of the surrounding side wall 23 to resist pulling deformation, thereby reducing the risk of collapse of the surrounding side wall 23 and improving the safety performance of the battery 100.

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Abstract

一种电池及用电设备，电池包括电极组件、壳体和极柱，电极组件容纳于壳体中。壳体包括沿第一方向相对设置的第一壁和第二壁，以及围设于第一壁和第二壁之间的周侧壁。第一方向为电池的厚度方向。第一壁包括加强部，加强部凸伸出周侧壁。周侧壁包括沿第二方向相对设置的顶壁和底壁，顶壁设有通孔，极柱设于通孔。上述电池中，加强部凸伸出周侧壁，在电池膨胀时，加强部能够抑制第一壁的边缘处产生折痕，降低对周侧壁的拉扯，同时能够对周侧壁形成支撑，加强周侧壁的结构强度，提高周侧壁抵抗拉扯变形的能力，进而降低周侧壁塌陷的风险，提升电池的安全性能。

Description

电池及用电设备 技术领域
本申请涉及储能技术领域，特别涉及一种电池及用电设备。
背景技术
随着便携式电子设备的普及，人们对其中电池的安全性要求也越来越高。硬壳电池(如钢壳电池)由于其较高的安全性、加工制造方便等优点而被广泛使用。
发明内容
然而，本申请的发明人研究发现，当硬壳电池由于异常产气导致壳体膨胀时，鼓胀的主壁会拉扯侧壁，使侧壁产生折痕并塌陷，塌陷部位容易挤压极片造成短路，影响电池的安全性。
鉴于上述状况，有必要提供一种安全性能更好的电池。
本申请第一方面，提供了一种电池，包括电极组件、壳体和极柱，电极组件容纳于壳体中。壳体包括沿第一方向相对设置的第一壁和第二壁，以及围设于第一壁和第二壁之间的周侧壁。第一方向为电池的厚度方向。第一壁包括加强部，加强部凸伸出周侧壁。周侧壁包括沿第二方向相对设置的顶壁和底壁，顶壁设有通孔，极柱设于通孔。
上述方案中，加强部凸伸出周侧壁，在电池膨胀时，加强部能够抑制第一壁的边缘处产生折痕，降低对周侧壁的拉扯，同时能够对周侧壁形成支撑，加强周侧壁的结构强度，提高周侧壁抵抗拉扯变形的能力，进而降低周侧壁塌陷的风险，提升电池的安全性能。
在一些实施例中，第一壁和周侧壁之间通过焊接连接，以提高第一壁和周侧壁的连接强度。
在一些实施例中，壳体包含金属元素，金属元素包括Mg、Al、Zn、Fe、Sn、Cu、Ag、Pt、Au、Mn中的至少一种，用于提高壳体的结构强度且使壳体具备导电性。
在一些实施例中，周侧壁包括侧壁主体和法兰，法兰设于周侧壁与第一壁相邻的一端，法兰的一侧表面与第一壁连接。加强部凸伸出法兰远离侧壁主体的一边，可加强周侧壁的结构强度，提高周侧壁抵抗拉扯变形的能力。
在一些实施例中，加强部朝向周侧壁弯折设置，以减少加强部凸伸出周侧壁导致的空间浪费，提高电池的能量密度，同时进一步加强周侧壁的结构强度，提高周侧壁抵抗拉扯变形的能力。
在一些实施例中，第一壁包括主体部，主体部与周侧壁连接，主体部与加强部一体成型，以简化加强部的制造工序，同时进一步加强第一壁的结构强度，抑制电 池膨胀时在第一壁的边缘处产生折痕，降低对周侧壁的拉扯。
在一些实施例中，周侧壁进一步包括沿沿第三方向相对设置的第一侧壁和第二侧壁，第一方向、第二方向和第三方向两两相互垂直，加强部凸伸出由顶壁、底壁、第一侧壁和第二侧壁组成的组中的至少一者。
在一些实施例中，顶壁或底壁在第三方向上的长度大于第一侧壁或第二侧壁在第二方向上的长度，加强部凸伸出顶壁或底壁。在电池膨胀时，主体部连接于顶壁或底壁的侧边更容易形成应力集中处导致弯折。加强部凸伸出顶壁或底壁，使加强部连接于主体部较长的侧边以对应主体部的应力集中处，进一步降低第一壁的边缘处产生折痕并使对应的顶壁或底壁塌陷的风险，进而提升电池的安全性能。
在一些实施例中，电极组件为卷绕结构，卷绕结构的卷绕轴线方向与第二方向相同，加强部凸伸出顶壁或底壁。在电池膨胀导致周侧壁塌陷时，塌陷处挤压卷绕结构的卷绕端面容易引发正负极短路，加强部凸伸出顶壁或底壁，能够降低第一壁的边缘处产生折痕并使对应的顶壁或底壁塌陷挤压卷绕端面造成正负极短路的风险，进而提升电池的安全性能。
在一些实施例中，加强部包括多个沿第二方向或第三方向间隔设置的分部，以便于分散加强部的受力，提高塌陷抑制效果。
在一些实施例中，电池还包括电路板组件，电路板组件位于顶壁一侧，顶壁和电路板组件之间可通过胶粘件连接固定，顶壁在电路板组件的支撑下相较于底壁结构强度更高。在电池膨胀时，主体部连接于底壁的侧边容易拉扯底壁产生形变，使主体部连接于底壁的侧边更容易形成应力集中处导致弯折。加强部凸伸出底壁，可降低第一壁的边缘处产生折痕并使底壁塌陷的风险，进而提升电池的安全性能。
在一些实施例中，加强部凸伸出顶壁或底壁，沿第三方向，加强部的长度I1、以及顶壁或底壁的长度L1之间的关系满足：I1≥10％L1；其中，加强部的长度I1即为加强部连接于主体部的侧边的长度。以加强部凸伸出底壁为例，底壁的长度L1即为主体部连接于底壁的侧边的长度，通过控制I1≥10％L1，在电池膨胀时，加强部能够更好地抑制第一壁的边缘处产生折痕，降低对底壁的拉扯，同时能够更好地支撑底壁，加强底壁的结构强度，提高底壁抵抗拉扯变形的能力，进而降低底壁塌陷的风险，提升电池的安全性能。当加强部凸伸出顶壁时，亦满足上述范围。
在一些实施例中，加强部凸伸出第一侧壁或第二侧壁，沿第二方向，加强部的长度I2、以及第一侧壁或第二侧壁的长度L2之间的关系满足：I2≥10％L2；其中，加强部的长度I2即为加强部连接于主体部的侧边的长度。以加强部凸伸出第二侧壁为例，第二侧壁的长度L2即为主体部连接于第二侧壁的侧边的长度，通过控制I2≥10％L2，在电池膨胀时，加强部能够更好地抑制第一壁的边缘处产生折痕，降低对第二侧壁的拉扯，同时能够更好地支撑第二侧壁，加强第二侧壁的结构强度，提高第二侧壁抵抗拉扯变形的能力，进而降低第二侧壁塌陷的风险，提升电池的安全性能。当加强部凸伸出第一侧壁时，亦满足上述范围。
在一些实施例中，沿加强部的凸伸方向，加强部的凸伸宽度W1满足：W1≥0.1mm。通过控制W1≥0.1mm，可提高加强部的结构强度，更好地抑制周侧壁 的塌陷。需要说明的是，当加强部呈梯形、半圆形、三角形等形状，满足上述范围的部分为加强部的有效部分。
在一些实施例中，加强部凸伸出顶壁或底壁，沿第三方向，加强部靠近第一侧壁的一端和第一侧壁之间的间距m1、以及加强部靠近第二侧壁的一端和第二侧壁之间的间距m2之间的关系满足：0≤m1≤43％L1，0≤m2≤43％L1。以加强部凸伸出底壁为例，第一壁的主体部与底壁连接的侧边的中心处为易产生折痕的位置，从而导致底壁的中心处也较易塌陷，通过控制0≤m1≤43％L1，0≤m2≤43％L1，加强部可对较易产生折痕的第一壁的主体部与底壁连接的中心处进行加强，从而更好地抑制第一壁的边缘处折痕的产生以及底壁的塌陷，提高电池的安全性能。当加强部凸伸出顶壁时，亦满足上述范围。
在一些实施例中，加强部凸伸出第一侧壁或第二侧壁，沿第二方向，第二侧壁的长度L2，加强部朝向顶壁的一端和顶壁之间的间距m3、以及加强部朝向底壁的一端和底壁之间的间距m4满足：0≤m3≤43％L2，0≤m4≤43％L2。以加强部凸伸出第二侧壁为例，通过控制0≤m3≤43％L2，0≤m4≤43％L2，加强部可对较易产生折痕的第一壁的主体部与第二侧壁连接的中心处进行加强，从而更好地抑制第一壁的边缘处折痕的产生以及第二侧壁的塌陷，提高电池的安全性能。当加强部凸伸出第一侧壁时，亦满足上述范围。
本申请第二方面，还提供了一种用电设备，包括上述任意一实施例中的电池。由此，本申请的用电设备具有良好的使用安全性。
附图说明
图1是本申请的一个实施例中电池的结构示意图。
图2是本申请的一个实施例中电池的拆分结构示意图。
图3是本申请的一个实施例中加强部弯折的结构示意图。
图4是本申请的另一个实施例中电池的结构示意图。
图5是本申请的一个实施例中分部的结构示意图。
图6是本申请的一个实施例中电路板组件的位置示意图。
图7是本申请的一个实施例中电池的第一尺寸结构示意图。
图8是本申请的一个实施例中电池的第二尺寸结构示意图。
图9是本申请的一个实施例中电池的第三尺寸结构示意图。
图10是本申请的一个实施例中用电设备的结构示意图。
主要元件符号说明
电池                                  100
用电设备                              200
电极组件                              10
顶端面                                11
底端面                                12
平直段                              13
弯曲段                              14
壳体                                20
第一壁                              21
加强部                              211
第一边                              211a
第二边                              211b
第三边                              211c
第一部分                            211d
第二部分                            211e
主体部                              212
第二壁                              22
周侧壁                              23
侧壁主体                            23a
法兰                                23b
顶壁                                231
通孔                                2311
底壁                                232
第一侧壁                            233
第二侧壁                            234
极柱                                30
电路板组件                          40
第一方向                            Z
第二方向                            X
第三方向                            Y
如下具体实施方式将结合上述附图进一步说明本申请。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
需要说明的是，当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中设置的元件。当一个元件被认为是“设置在”另一个元件，它可以是直接设置在另一个元件上或者可能同时存在居中设置的元件。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。本文所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
本申请的发明人研究发现，当硬壳电池由于异常产气导致壳体膨胀时，鼓胀的 主壁会拉扯侧壁，使侧壁产生折痕并塌陷，塌陷部位容易挤压极片造成短路，影响电池的安全性。
本申请第一方面，提供了一种电池，包括电极组件、壳体和极柱，电极组件容纳于壳体中。壳体包括沿第一方向相对设置的第一壁和第二壁，以及围设于第一壁和第二壁之间的周侧壁，第一方向为电池的厚度方向。第一壁包括加强部，加强部凸伸出周侧壁。周侧壁包括沿第二方向相对设置的顶壁和底壁，顶壁设有通孔，极柱设于通孔。
上述方案中，加强部凸伸出周侧壁，在电池膨胀时，加强部能够抑制第一壁的边缘处产生折痕，降低对周侧壁的拉扯，同时能够对周侧壁形成支撑，加强周侧壁的结构强度，提高周侧壁抵抗拉扯变形的能力，进而降低周侧壁塌陷的风险，提升电池的安全性能。下面结合附图，对本申请的实施例作进一步的说明。
请一并参阅图1和图2，本申请的实施例提供一种电池100，包括电极组件10、壳体20和极柱30。电极组件10容纳于壳体20中，电极组件10用于将化学能转化为电能，可选地，电极组件10为卷绕结构或叠片结构。
壳体20由金属材料制成，用于提高壳体20的结构强度且使壳体20具备导电性。可选地，壳体20包含金属元素，金属元素包括Mg、Al、Zn、Fe、Sn、Cu、Ag、Pt、Au、Mn中的至少一种。
定义电池100的厚度方向为第一方向Z，壳体20包括沿第一方向Z相对设置的第一壁21和第二壁22，以及围设于第一壁21和第二壁22之间的周侧壁23，第一壁21、第二壁22和周侧壁23之间形成容纳电极组件10的密封空间。可选地，第一壁21和周侧壁23之间通过焊接连接，以提高第一壁21和周侧壁23的连接强度。
第一壁21包括加强部211，加强部211凸伸出周侧壁23，在电池膨胀时，加强部211能够抑制第一壁21的边缘处产生折痕，降低对周侧壁23的拉扯，同时能够对周侧壁23形成支撑，加强周侧壁23的结构强度，提高周侧壁23抵抗拉扯变形的能力，进而降低周侧壁23塌陷的风险，提升电池100的安全性能。
可以理解的是，第二壁22和第一壁21的结构类似，也可设置对应的加强部以加强周侧壁23的结构强度，提高周侧壁23抵抗拉扯变形的能力。以下实施例以第一壁21包括加强部211，第二壁22未包括加强部的实施例进行描述。
请继续参阅图1和图2，周侧壁23包括沿第二方向X相对设置顶壁231和底壁232，其中，第二方向X垂直于第一方向Z。顶壁231设有通孔2311，极柱30设置于通孔2311且与壳体20绝缘设置，以便于使壳体20和极柱30分别电连接于电极组件10且具有相反的极性。具体地，极柱30的一端位于壳体20中且连接于电极组件10，极柱30的另一端穿过通孔2311凸伸出顶壁231。
在一些实施例中，周侧壁23进一步包括第一侧壁233和第二侧壁234。第一侧壁233和第二侧壁234沿第三方向Y相对设置，其中，第一方向Z、第二方向X和第三方向Y两两相互垂直。加强部211凸伸出由顶壁231、底壁232、第一侧壁233和第二侧壁234组成的组中的至少一者。
请参阅图2，在一些实施例中，周侧壁23包括侧壁主体23a和法兰23b，法兰23b设于周侧壁23与第一壁21相邻的一端，侧壁主体23a、第一壁21和第二壁22之间形成容纳电极组件10的密封空间，法兰23b从侧壁主体23a与第一壁21相邻的一端沿垂直于侧壁主体23a的方向向外凸伸。法兰23b朝向第一壁21的一侧表面与第一壁21连接。加强部211凸伸出法兰23b远离侧壁主体23a的一边，可以加强周侧壁23的结构强度，提高周侧壁23抵抗拉扯变形的能力。
在一些实施例中，周侧壁23不包括法兰23b，侧壁主体23a朝向第一壁21的端面直接与第一壁21连接。
在一些实施例中，第一壁21包括主体部212，主体部212与周侧壁23连接。沿第一方向Z，主体部212的投影和第二壁22的投影重叠，且主体部212外轮廓的投影和周侧壁23的投影重叠。主体部212、第二壁22和周侧壁23之间形成容纳电极组件10的密封空间。加强部211连接于主体部212且与主体部212一体成型，以进一步加强周侧壁23的结构强度，提高周侧壁23抵抗拉扯变形的能力。并且，通过加强部211与主体部212一体成型还便于简化加强部211的制造过程，降低生产成本。
请一并参阅图3，在一些实施例中，加强部211朝向周侧壁23弯折设置，以减少加强部211凸伸出周侧壁23导致的空间浪费，提高电池100的能量密度，同时进一步加强周侧壁23的结构强度，提高周侧壁23抵抗拉扯变形的能力。可选地，加强部211连接于主体部212且沿第一方向Z延伸。
在一些实施例中，沿第一方向Z，主体部212的投影呈矩形。主体部212包括四条侧边。可选地，主体部212任意的一条侧边上设有加强部211、或主体部212相对的两条侧边上分别设有加强部211、或主体部212相邻的两条侧边上分别设有加强部211、或主体部212任意的三条侧边上分别设有加强部211、或主体部212全部的四条侧边上分别设有加强部211。
加强部211呈矩形，加强部211包括第一边211a、第二边211b和第三边211c。第一边211a远离主体部212，第二边211b和第三边211c连接于第一边211a和主体部212之间且相对设置。第一边211a的延伸方向与加强部211所在的主体部212的侧边的延伸方向平行，以使加强部211各处的结构强度均衡。
请参阅图4，可以理解的是，在其他实施例中，沿第一方向Z，主体部212的投影呈圆形，对应地，周侧壁23呈圆环形，第一边211a的延伸方向与加强部211所在的主体部212的侧边的延伸方向平行，以使加强部211各处的结构强度均衡。
可以理解的是，在其他实施例中，沿第一方向Z，主体部212的投影还可以呈呈三角形、多边形、不规则形状等中的一种；加强部211还可以呈梯形、半圆形、三角形等形状。
请再次参阅图1和图2，在一些实施例中，顶壁231或底壁232在第三方向Y上的长度大于第一侧壁233或第二侧壁234在第二方向X上的长度，主体部212连接于顶壁231或底壁232的侧边长度大于主体部212连接于第一侧壁233或第二侧壁234的侧边长度，在电池膨胀时，主体部212连接于顶壁231或底壁232的 侧边更容易形成应力集中处导致弯折。加强部211凸伸出顶壁231或底壁232，使加强部211连接于主体部212较长的侧边以对应主体部212的应力集中处，进一步降低第一壁21的边缘处产生折痕并使对应的顶壁231或底壁232塌陷的风险，进而提升电池100的安全性能。
请继续参阅图2，在一些实施例中，电极组件10为卷绕结构，卷绕结构的卷绕轴线方向与第二方向X相同，电极组件10包括顶端面11、底端面12，顶端面11和底端面12之间存在平直段13和弯曲段14。顶端面11和底端面12沿第二方向X相对设置，且顶端面11靠近顶壁231，底端面12靠近底壁232。两个弯曲段14分别靠近第一侧壁233和第二侧壁234。弯曲段14的结构强度相较于顶端面11和底端面12的结构强度更高，在电池膨胀时，弯曲段14能够对第一侧壁233和第二侧壁234形成支撑，使得顶壁231和底壁232的应力更加集中，顶壁231和底壁232的塌陷容易挤压顶端面11和底端面12，从而造成短路。加强部211凸伸出顶壁231或底壁232，能够降低第一壁21的边缘处产生折痕并使对应的顶壁231或底壁232塌陷的风险，进而提升电池100的安全性能。
请参阅图5，在一些实施例中，加强部211包括多个沿第三方向Y间隔设置的分部2111，以便于分散加强部211的受力，提高加强部211的结构强度。
可选地，多个分部2111沿第三方向Y等间距设置，以使各个分部2111受力均匀。
可以理解的是，在其他实施例中，当加强部211凸伸出第一侧壁233和第二侧壁234时，加强部211包括多个沿第二方向X间隔设置的分部2111，以便于分散加强部211的受力，提高加强部211的结构强度。
请参阅图6，在一些实施例中，电池100还包括电路板组件40，电路板组件40位于顶壁231一侧，顶壁231和电路板组件40之间可通过胶粘件连接固定，顶壁231在电路板组件40的支撑下相较于底壁232结构强度更高。在电池膨胀时，主体部212连接于底壁232的侧边容易拉扯底壁232产生形变，使主体部212连接于底壁232的侧边更容易形成应力集中处导致弯折。加强部211凸伸出底壁232，可降低第一壁21的边缘处产生折痕并使底壁232形成塌陷的风险，进而提升电池100的安全性能。
请参阅图7，在一些实施例中，以加强部211凸伸出底壁232为例，沿第三方向Y，加强部211的长度I1、以及底壁232的长度L1之间的关系满足：I1≥10％L1。加强部211的长度I1即为加强部211连接于主体部212的侧边的长度，底壁232的长度L1即为主体部212连接于底壁232的侧边的长度，通过控制I1≥10％L1，在电池膨胀时，加强部211能够更好地抑制第一壁21的边缘处产生折痕，降低对底壁232的拉扯，同时能够更好地支撑底壁232，加强底壁232的结构强度，提高底壁232抵抗拉扯变形的能力，进而降低底壁232塌陷的风险，提升电池的安全性能。当加强部211凸伸出顶壁231时，亦满足上述范围。
可选地，I1可以为10％L1、15％L1、20％L1、25％L1、30％L1、35％L1、40％L1、45％L1、50％L1、55％L1、60％L1、65％L1、70％L1、75％L1、80％L1、85％L1、90％L1、 95％L1、100％L1或上述任意两个数值组成的范围。
需要说明的是，当加强部211包括多个沿第三方向Y间隔设置的分部2111时，加强部211的长度I1为在第三方向Y上位于最外侧的两个分部2111相背的一侧的间距。
请一并参阅图7和图8，在一些实施例中，沿加强部211的凸伸方向，加强部211的凸伸宽度W1满足：W1≥0.1mm。通过控制W1≥0.1mm，可提高加强部211的结构强度，更好地抑制周侧壁23的塌陷。需要说明的是，当加强部211呈梯形、半圆形、三角形等形状，满足上述范围的部分为加强部211的有效部分。
具体地，沿第三方向Y观察，在加强部211的凸伸方向上，加强部211可以划分为靠近主体部212且沿第二方向X延伸的第一部分211d、以及远离主体部212且弯折的第二部分211e，其中，第一部分211d的延伸长度w1、第二部分211e的宽度w2和凸伸宽度W1之间的关系满足：W1＝w1+w2。当w2＝0时，即表示加强部211未弯折。
可选地，W1可以为0.1mm、0.2mm、0.3mm、0.4mm、0.5mm、0.6mm、0.7mm、0.8mm、0.9mm、1mm以及≥0.1mm范围内其它任意数值中的一个。
在一些实施例中，加强部211的凸伸宽度小于或等于底壁232在第一方向Z上的宽度，以使加强部211朝向底壁232弯折后，沿第二方向X，加强部211远离主体部212的一端位于底壁232的投影范围内，减少弯折后的加强部211凸伸出第二壁22导致的空间浪费，提高电池100的能量密度。
请继续参阅图7，在一些实施例中，以加强部211凸伸出底壁232为例，沿第三方向Y，加强部211靠近第一侧壁233的一端和第一侧壁233之间的间距m1、以及加强部211靠近第二侧壁234的一端和第二侧壁234之间的间距m2之间的关系满足：0≤m1≤43％L1，0≤m2≤43％L1。第一壁21的主体部212与底壁232连接的侧边的中心处为易产生折痕的位置，从而导致底壁232的中心处也较易塌陷，通过控制0≤m1≤43％L1，0≤m2≤43％L1，加强部211可对较易产生折痕的第一壁21的主体部212与底壁232连接的中心处进行加强，从而更好地抑制第一壁21的边缘处折痕的产生以及底壁232的塌陷，提高电池的安全性能。当加强部211凸伸出顶壁231时，亦满足上述范围。
可选地，m1可以选自0、5％L1、10％L1、15％L1、20％L1、25％L1、30％L1、35％L1、40％L1、41％L1、42％L1、43％L1或上述任意两个数值组成的范围；m2可以选自0、5％L1、10％L1、15％L1、20％L1、25％L1、30％L1、35％L1、40％L1、41％L1、42％L1、43％L1或上述任意两个数值组成的范围。
在一些实施例中，m1＝m2，加强部211的位置与第一壁易产生折痕的位置对应，使加强部211受力均匀。请参阅图9，在一些实施例中，电极组件10为叠片结构，叠片结构的堆叠方向与第一方向Z相同，电极组件10的周侧均容易发生弯折。加强部211的数量为两个，其中一个凸伸出顶壁231或底壁232，另外一个凸伸出第一侧壁233或第二侧壁234。凸伸出顶壁231或底壁232的加强部211的尺寸和位置关系与上述实施例相同。凸伸出第一侧壁233或第二侧壁234的加强部211的尺 寸和位置关系与上述实施例类似，具体如下：
以加强部211凸伸出第二侧壁234为例，沿第二方向X，加强部211的长度I2、以及第二侧壁234的长度L2之间的关系满足：I2≥10％L2。加强部211的长度I2即为加强部211连接于主体部212的侧边的长度，第二侧壁234的长度L2即为主体部212连接于第二侧壁234的侧边的长度，通过控制I2≥10％L2，在电池膨胀时，加强部211能够更好地抑制第一壁21的边缘处产生折痕，降低对第二侧壁234的拉扯，同时能够更好地支撑第二侧壁234，加强第二侧壁234的结构强度，提高第二侧壁234抵抗拉扯变形的能力，进而降低第二侧壁234塌陷的风险，提升电池的安全性能。当加强部211凸伸出第一侧壁233时，亦满足上述范围。
沿加强部211的凸伸方向，加强部211的凸伸宽度W2满足：W2≥0.1mm。具体地，沿加强部211的凸伸方向，加强部211可以划分为靠近主体部212且沿第三方向Y延伸的第一部分211d、以及远离主体部212且弯折的第二部分211e，其中，第一部分211d的延伸长度w3、第二部分211e的延伸长度w4和凸伸宽度W2之间的关系满足：W2＝w3+w4。当w4＝0时，即表示加强部211未弯折。
以加强部211凸伸出第二侧壁234为例，沿第二方向X，加强部211朝向顶壁231的一端和顶壁231之间的第三间距m3、以及加强部211朝向底壁232的一端和底壁232之间的第四间距m4满足：0≤m3≤43％L2，0≤m4≤43％L2。通过控制0≤m3≤43％L2，0≤m4≤43％L2，加强部211可对较易产生折痕的第一壁21的主体部212与第二侧壁234连接的中心处进行加强，从而更好地抑制第一壁21的边缘处折痕的产生以及第二侧壁234的塌陷，提高电池的安全性能。当加强部211凸伸出第一侧壁233时，亦满足上述范围。
在一些实施例中，m3＝m4，加强部211的位置与第一壁易产生折痕的位置对应，使加强部211受力均匀。
下面通过具体实施方式说明本申请：
将各对比例和各实施例的电池进行热箱测试，先将电池在室温下静置，再将电池放入热箱中，热箱以5℃±2℃的升温速率温至130℃±2℃，在130℃±2℃下恒温1h，测试结束，观察电池的壳体是否产生折痕或形成塌陷。
表1提供对比例1和实施例1至8，该表中所用电池厚度为4.5mm，电池采用卷绕式电极组件，卷绕轴线方向为底壁232和顶壁231相对的方向，表中L1对应电池底壁232的长度，顶壁231所在的一侧焊接有电路板组件40，卷绕式电极组件通过将正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片依次层叠并卷绕形成，其中隔离膜设于正极极片与负极极片之间。其中，对比例1的电池未设有加强部211，实施例1至8的电池均设有一个加强部211，且加强部211凸伸出底壁232(参图7)。需要说明的是，实施例4至5中电池的加强部211包括多个分部2111，各分部沿第三方向Y等间距设置，加强部211的长度I1为在第三方向Y上位于最外侧的两个分部2111相背的一侧的间距。实施例4中，各分部的长度为4mm，各分部之间的间距为1mm；实施例5中，各分部的长度为6mm，各分部之间的间距为1mm。
表1中的各实施例和对比例中除所涉及到的参数之外的其它参数都相同。
表1对比例1和实施例1至8中各电池的其余参数和测试结果：
由表1可知，加强部211能够降低电池膨胀时第一壁21的边缘处产生折痕使底壁232塌陷的风险，提升电池100的安全性能。
表2提供对比例2和实施例9，该表中所用电池厚度为4.3mm，电池采用叠片式电极组件，叠片式电极组件通过将正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片交替堆叠形成，其中隔离膜设于正极极片与负极极片之间，顶壁231和底壁232对应的长度为L1，第一侧壁233和第二侧壁234对应的长度为L2。其中，对比例2的电池未设有加强部211，实施例9的电池均设有四个加强部211，且其中一个凸伸出顶壁231，一个凸伸出底壁232，一个凸伸出第一侧壁233，另外一个凸伸出第二侧壁234。图9以加强部211凸伸出底壁232和第二侧壁234为例，加强部211凸伸出顶壁231的情况与加强部211凸伸出底壁232的情况相同，加强部211凸伸出第一侧壁233的情况与加强部211凸伸出第二侧壁234的情况相同。
表2中的各实施例和对比例中除所涉及到的参数之外的其它参数都相同。
表2对比例2和实施例9中各电池的其余参数和测试结果：

由表2可知，加强部211能够降低电池膨胀时第一壁21的边缘处产生折痕使顶壁231、底壁232、第一侧壁233和第二侧壁234塌陷的风险，提升电池100的安全性能。
请参阅图10，本申请的实施例还提供一种用电设备200，用电设备200包括上述实施例中任意一种电池100。用电设备200可以但不限于为手机、平板电脑、无人机等电子设备。
综上，上述电池100和用电设备200中，加强部211凸伸出周侧壁23，在电池膨胀时，加强部211能够抑制第一壁21的边缘处产生折痕，降低对周侧壁23的拉扯，同时能够对周侧壁23形成支撑，加强周侧壁23的结构强度，提高周侧壁23抵抗拉扯变形的能力，进而降低周侧壁23塌陷的风险，提升电池100的安全性能。
另外，本领域技术人员还可在本申请精神内做其它变化，当然，这些依据本申请精神所做的变化，都应包含在本申请所公开的范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种电池，包括电极组件、壳体和极柱，所述电极组件容纳于所述壳体中，其特征在于，
    所述壳体包括沿第一方向相对设置的第一壁和第二壁，以及围设于所述第一壁和所述第二壁之间的周侧壁，所述第一方向为所述电池的厚度方向；
    所述第一壁包括加强部，所述加强部凸伸出所述周侧壁；
    所述周侧壁包括沿第二方向相对设置的顶壁和底壁，所述顶壁设有通孔，所述极柱设于所述通孔。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电池满足如下至少一者：
    a.所述第一壁和所述周侧壁之间通过焊接连接；
    b.所述壳体包含金属元素，所述金属元素包括Mg、Al、Zn、Fe、Sn、Cu、Ag、Pt、Au、Mn中的至少一种。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述周侧壁包括侧壁主体和法兰，所述法兰设于所述周侧壁与所述第一壁相邻的一端，所述法兰的一侧表面与所述第一壁连接，所述加强部凸伸出所述法兰远离所述侧壁主体的一边。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电池满足如下至少一者：
    c.所述加强部朝向所述周侧壁弯折设置；
    d.所述第一壁包括主体部，所述主体部与所述周侧壁连接，所述主体部与所述加强部一体成型。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述周侧壁进一步包括沿第三方向相对设置的第一侧壁和第二侧壁，所述第一方向、所述第二方向和所述第三方向两两相互垂直，所述加强部凸伸出由所述顶壁、所述底壁、所述第一侧壁和所述第二侧壁组成的组中的至少一者。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电极组件满足如下至少一者：
    e.所述顶壁或所述底壁在所述第三方向上的长度大于所述第一侧壁或所述第二侧壁在所述第二方向上的长度，所述加强部凸伸出所述顶壁或所述底壁；
    f.所述电极组件为卷绕结构，所述卷绕结构的卷绕轴线方向与所述第二方向相同，所述加强部凸伸出所述顶壁或所述底壁。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的电池，其特征在于，所述加强部包括多个沿所述第二方向或所述第三方向间隔设置的分部。
  8. 如权利要求5所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电池还包括电路板组件，所述电路板组件位于所述顶壁一侧，所述加强部凸伸出所述底壁。
  9. 如权利要求5所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电池满足如下至少一者：
    g.所述加强部凸伸出所述顶壁或所述底壁，沿所述第三方向，所述加强部的长度I1、以及所述顶壁或所述底壁的长度L1之间的关系满足：I1≥10％L1；
    h.所述加强部凸伸出所述第一侧壁或所述第二侧壁，沿所述第二方向，所述加强部的长度I2、以及所述第一侧壁或所述第二侧壁的长度L2之间的关系满足： I2≥10％L2。
  10. 如权利要求5所述的电池，其特征在于，沿所述加强部的凸伸方向，所述加强部的凸伸宽度W1满足：W1≥0.1mm。
  11. 如权利要求5所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电池满足如下至少一者：
    i.所述加强部凸伸出所述顶壁或所述底壁，沿所述第三方向，所述顶壁或所述底壁的长度L1、所述加强部靠近所述第一侧壁的一端和所述第一侧壁之间的间距m1、以及所述加强部靠近所述第二侧壁的一端和所述第二侧壁之间的间距m2之间的关系满足：0≤m1≤43％L1，0≤m2≤43％L1；
    j.所述加强部凸伸出所述第一侧壁或所述第二侧壁，沿所述第二方向，所述第一侧壁或所述第二侧壁的长度L2、所述加强部朝向所述顶壁的一端和所述顶壁之间的间距m3、以及所述加强部朝向所述底壁的一端和所述底壁之间的间距m4满足：0≤m3≤43％L2，0≤m4≤43％L2。
  12. 一种用电设备，其特征在于，所述用电设备包括如权利要求1至11中任意一项所述的电池。
PCT/CN2023/099622 2023-06-12 2023-06-12 电池及用电设备 Ceased WO2024254731A1 (zh)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004214143A (ja) * 2003-01-08 2004-07-29 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 薄型バッテリパック
CN101999182A (zh) * 2008-04-11 2011-03-30 川崎重工业株式会社 密闭式长方体电池及采用其的电池模块
JP2011154791A (ja) * 2010-01-26 2011-08-11 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd 角形電池
CN115764087A (zh) * 2022-11-16 2023-03-07 宁德新能源科技有限公司 电池和用电设备

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004214143A (ja) * 2003-01-08 2004-07-29 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 薄型バッテリパック
CN101999182A (zh) * 2008-04-11 2011-03-30 川崎重工业株式会社 密闭式长方体电池及采用其的电池模块
JP2011154791A (ja) * 2010-01-26 2011-08-11 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd 角形電池
CN115764087A (zh) * 2022-11-16 2023-03-07 宁德新能源科技有限公司 电池和用电设备

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