WO2024160664A1 - Induktionskochfeldvorrichtung - Google Patents
Induktionskochfeldvorrichtung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024160664A1 WO2024160664A1 PCT/EP2024/051869 EP2024051869W WO2024160664A1 WO 2024160664 A1 WO2024160664 A1 WO 2024160664A1 EP 2024051869 W EP2024051869 W EP 2024051869W WO 2024160664 A1 WO2024160664 A1 WO 2024160664A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- induction hob
- bus capacitor
- hob device
- switching elements
- mains
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/06—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power
- H05B6/062—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power for cooking plates or the like
Definitions
- the invention relates to an induction hob device according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for operating an induction hob device according to the preamble of claim 12.
- Induction hob devices with at least one bus capacitor which can be connected upstream of an inverter, for example, are already known from the prior art.
- the bus capacitor is temporarily at least partially or completely discharged, for example to prevent noise.
- Previously known methods for discharging bus capacitors for example via high-resistance resistors, are associated with high electrical losses, so that the efficiency of previously known induction hob devices with regard to discharging bus capacitors is disadvantageously very low.
- the object of the invention is in particular, but not limited to, providing a generic device with improved properties in terms of efficiency.
- the object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claims 1 and 12, while advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention can be found in the subclaims.
- the invention is based on an induction hob device with at least one bus capacitor, with at least one rectifier and with a mains connection for connection to a power supply network, wherein the bus capacitor is connected to the mains connection via the rectifier via at least one first charging path for charging during a positive mains voltage sub-cycle and via at least one second charging path for charging during a negative mains voltage sub-cycle.
- the induction hob device has a discharge unit which comprises at least two switching elements for temporarily discharging the bus capacitor via the power supply network, wherein one of the switching elements as a high-side switching element and one of the switching elements is designed as a low-side switching element and the switching elements are provided to enable a discharge path from the bus capacitor back to the mains connection in a closed state and that the induction hob device comprises a driver unit for controlling the discharge unit, which has a high-side driver for controlling the high-side switching element and a bootstrap circuit for supplying energy to the high-side driver.
- Such a design can advantageously provide an induction hob device with improved properties in terms of efficiency.
- a periodic at least partial discharge of the bus capacitor with negligible losses can be made possible.
- up to 10W per phase can advantageously be saved if the discharge unit comprises at least two switching elements for temporarily discharging the bus capacitor via the power supply network, which in a closed state enable a discharge path from the bus capacitor back to the mains connection.
- the induction hob device can advantageously enable particularly efficient cooking utensil detection based on inverter power measurements at high sampling rates.
- an energy supply to the high-side driver can advantageously be simplified by means of the bootstrap circuit, for example by dispensing with transformers in the power supply of the high-side switch.
- direct control can advantageously be made possible at low frequencies without an otherwise required pulse transformer.
- the bootstrap circuit can be used to supply power to additional units if required, for example a measuring unit for measuring a line current via a shunt resistor, which can advantageously improve efficiency even further.
- an “induction hob device” is to be understood as at least one part, in particular a subassembly, of an induction hob, which may also include accessory units for the hob, such as a sensor unit for externally measuring a temperature of a Cooking utensils and/or food.
- accessory units for the hob such as a sensor unit for externally measuring a temperature of a Cooking utensils and/or food.
- Induction hob device also includes the entire induction hob.
- An induction hob having the induction hob device comprises at least one inductor which, in at least one operating state, provides energy in the form of an alternating electromagnetic field to at least one object, in particular to a cooking utensil, and an inverter unit with at least two inverter switching elements for supplying energy to the inductor.
- the inverter switching elements of the inverter unit can be designed as semiconductor switching elements, in particular as transistors, for example as a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) or organic field effect transistor (OFET), advantageously as a bipolar transistor with preferably an insulated gate electrode (IGBT).
- MOSFET metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor
- OFET organic field effect transistor
- IGBT insulated gate electrode
- the at least one bus capacitor of the induction hob device is preferably arranged electrically parallel to the at least two inverter switching elements of the inverter unit in an assembled state of the induction hob having the induction hob device.
- the mains connection of the induction hob device is intended for connection to a multi-phase power supply network.
- the induction hob device In an operating state, the induction hob device is connected to the power supply network via the mains connection and is supplied with an alternating mains voltage.
- the alternating mains voltage changes its electrical polarity periodically within a mains voltage cycle, the period duration of which corresponds to the reciprocal of the mains frequency, whereby the period duration lasts, for example, 20 ms at a mains frequency of 50 Hz, which is typical for European power supply networks.
- the alternating mains voltage has a positive electrical polarity and during the negative mains voltage sub-cycle, which corresponds to half the period duration of the alternating mains voltage, the alternating mains voltage has a negative electrical polarity.
- the rectifier is at least temporarily connected to the mains connection and is intended to rectify the AC mains voltage present at the mains connection in the operating state, preferably into a pulsating DC voltage.
- the rectifier is preferably designed as a single-phase Full-wave rectifier. Alternatively, however, the use of a multi-phase full-wave rectifier, in particular a three-phase rectifier, is also conceivable without departing from the scope of the invention described above and below.
- the rectifier preferably comprises at least four rectifier elements, in particular diodes and/or thyristors and/or transistors and/or the like, which, in at least one switching state, enable a current flow in a forward direction and, in at least one further switching state, block a current flow in a reverse direction.
- the induction hob device comprises a filter unit which is connected upstream of the rectifier and is intended to reduce interference.
- the filter unit can comprise at least one filter capacitor and at least one filter coil.
- the discharge unit is provided for at least partial or complete discharge of the bus capacitor within at least one mains voltage sub-cycle and for this purpose has at least two switching elements which, in their closed state, enable the discharge path.
- the discharge unit can be provided for at least partial or complete discharge of the bus capacitor within the positive mains voltage sub-cycle, wherein for this purpose one of the switching elements is arranged electrically parallel to one of the rectifier elements of the rectifier unit which are assigned to the positive charging path and the switching elements are provided to bridge these rectifier elements in their closed state for the partial or complete discharge of the bus capacitor.
- the discharge unit can alternatively or additionally be provided for the partial or complete discharge of the bus capacitor within the negative mains voltage sub-cycle, whereby for this purpose one of the switching elements is arranged electrically parallel to one of the rectifier elements of the rectifier unit, which are assigned to the positive charging path and the switching elements are provided to bridge these rectifier elements in their closed state for the partial or complete discharge of the bus capacitor.
- the discharge unit is provided for at least partial or complete discharge of the bus capacitor via a first discharge path within the positive mains voltage sub-cycle and via a second discharge path within the negative mains voltage sub-cycle and for this purpose has at least four switching elements, two of the switching elements being designed as high-side switching elements and two of the switching elements being designed as low-side switching elements, and one of the switching elements being arranged electrically parallel to one of the rectifier elements of the rectifier unit.
- a “high-side switching element” is to be understood as a switching element which, in an assembled state of the induction hob device, is arranged between a positive conductor, in particular a current-carrying conductor, of the mains connection and an electrical load, in particular the bus capacitor.
- a “low-side switching element” is to be understood as a switching element which, in the assembled state of the induction hob device, is arranged between a negative conductor, in particular a neutral conductor and/or zero conductor, of the mains connection and the electrical load, in particular the bus capacitor.
- the switching elements of the discharge unit can be designed as unidirectional switching elements, i.e. in the closed state they enable a current flow in a first direction and block it in a second direction opposite to the first direction. It is also conceivable that the switching elements are designed as bidirectional switching elements, i.e. in the closed state they enable a current flow both in a first direction and in a second direction opposite to the first direction.
- the discharge unit can be at least partially formed as one piece with the rectifier.
- the fact that two units are "partially formed as one piece" is to be understood as meaning that the units have at least one, in particular at least two, advantageously at least three common elements that are part of, in particular a functionally important part of, both units.
- at least one rectifier switching element of the rectifier also functions as a switching element of the discharge unit.
- the driver unit is designed to control the discharge unit and has a high-side driver for controlling the high-side switching element.
- the driver unit preferably also has a low-side driver for controlling the low-side switching element.
- the induction hob device preferably comprises at least one, preferably exactly one, control voltage source, which is intended to provide a direct voltage for supplying energy to the driver unit.
- the induction hob device preferably has a control unit for controlling the driver unit.
- the control voltage source is preferably provided for supplying energy to the control unit.
- the control unit preferably comprises at least one control connection for controlling the high-side driver and at least one control connection for controlling the low-side driver.
- the high-side driver is preferably connected to a control connection of the high-side switching element, permanently or temporarily via another switching element, for control.
- the high-side driver can have one or more electrical resistors, which are provided for voltage adjustment of a control voltage on the high-side switching element and can form a voltage divider for this purpose.
- the high-side driver comprises at least one high-side driver element, which is preferably designed as a semiconductor switching element.
- the high-side driver element is galvanically decoupled from the control connection of the control unit in order to protect the control unit from overloading due to excessive voltages.
- the low-side driver can be supplied with energy by the control voltage source indirectly via the control connection of the control unit for controlling the low-side driver.
- the low-side driver is at a reference potential of the control voltage source, so that galvanic isolation of the low-side driver from the corresponding control connection of the control unit is not necessary.
- the low-side driver comprises at least two low-side driver elements, which are designed as semiconductor switching elements and are interconnected in such a way that they form a non-inverting level converter.
- a first low-side driver element can be designed as an NPN transistor and a second low-side driver element as a PNP transistor, and the low-side driver elements can form a non-inverting level converter in an NPN-PNP configuration.
- the low-side driver may also comprise one or more electrical resistors, which may be connected, for example, to the input of the first low-side
- the output of the second low-side driver element is for controlling preferably connected to a control terminal of the low-side switching element, permanently or temporarily via another switching element.
- the bootstrap circuit is provided for supplying energy to the high-side driver, so that an additional control voltage source can advantageously be dispensed with.
- the bootstrap circuit comprises at least one, preferably exactly one, bootstrap capacitor for temporarily storing the electrical energy required to supply energy to the high-side driver.
- the bootstrap circuit also preferably comprises a diode which is electrically connected in series with the bootstrap capacitor.
- the control voltage source of the induction hob device is preferably provided for providing the voltage required to charge the bootstrap capacitor.
- a reference potential of the bootstrap circuit is preferably related to a conductor of the mains connection.
- the bootstrap circuit comprises a bootstrap capacitor whose capacitance is lower than the capacitance of the bus capacitor.
- a design can advantageously improve efficiency. Fast charging of the bootstrap capacitor can be enabled directly after activation of the control voltage source if the capacitance of the bootstrap capacitor is lower than the capacitance of the bus capacitor.
- This also advantageously enables the discharge unit to be activated quickly if required, for example to discharge the bus capacitor in order to carry out cooking utensil detection directly after commissioning of a device having the induction hob device. Induction hob, can be made possible.
- the capacitance of the bootstrap capacitor is at least a factor of 2 lower than the capacitance of the bus capacitor.
- the capacitance of the bootstrap capacitor is advantageously at least a factor of 2.2, particularly advantageously at least a factor of 2.4, preferably at least a factor of 2.6, preferably at least a factor of 2.8 and particularly preferably at least a factor of 3.0 lower than the capacitance of the bus capacitor.
- the bus capacitor can have a capacitance of 6.6 pF and the bootstrap capacitor can have a capacitance of between 1 pF and 2.2 pF.
- the bootstrap circuit comprises at least one electrical resistor which is electrically connected in series with the bootstrap capacitor. This can advantageously further improve efficiency.
- a limitation of inrush currents and thus the risk of damage to the bootstrap capacitor and/or other components of the induction hob device can be reduced if the bootstrap circuit comprises at least one electrical resistor which is electrically connected in series with the bootstrap capacitor.
- the induction hob device has a power switch which is provided to establish or break an electrically conductive connection between the power supply and the rectifier.
- a power switch which is provided to establish or break an electrically conductive connection between the power supply and the rectifier.
- the induction hob device comprises a control voltage source which is intended to provide a direct voltage for supplying energy to the driver unit regardless of the switch position of the power switch.
- a control voltage source which is intended to provide a direct voltage for supplying energy to the driver unit regardless of the switch position of the power switch.
- the high-side driver comprises an optocoupler. This can advantageously further improve efficiency. It can advantageously enable galvanic isolation between the high-side driver and the control unit using simple technical means and at particularly low cost.
- the discharge unit is provided to periodically discharge the bus capacitor. This can advantageously improve ease of use. Regular cooking utensil detection can be made possible.
- the discharge unit can, for example, be provided to periodically discharge the bus capacitor at regular intervals of 60 milliseconds. Of course, other regular intervals for periodically discharging the bus capacitor by the discharge unit are also conceivable without departing from the scope of the present invention.
- the switching elements of the discharge unit could be designed as mechanical and/or electromechanical switching elements, in particular as relays. In an advantageous embodiment, however, it is proposed that at least one of the switching elements is designed as a semiconductor switching element. Such a design can enable particularly fast and precise control of the switching element or the switching elements. Preferably, all switching elements of the discharge unit are designed as semiconductor switching elements.
- the at least one switching element of the discharge unit could be designed, for example, as a bipolar transistor, in particular with an insulated gate electrode (IGBT) and/or as a thyristor-based switching element, for example as a DIAC or TRIAC or SCR or the like, and/or as a MOSFET.
- IGBT insulated gate electrode
- the at least one switching element of the discharge unit could be designed as a P-MOSFET.
- at least one of the switching elements of the discharge unit is designed as an N-MOSFET.
- the invention further relates to an induction hob with an induction hob device according to one of the previously described embodiments.
- Such an induction hob is characterized in particular by the advantageous properties that can be achieved by the previously described features of the induction hob device.
- the induction hob can have several of the previously described induction hob devices.
- the invention further relates to a method for operating an induction hob device, in particular according to one of the previously described embodiments, with at least one bus capacitor, with at least one rectifier and with a mains connection for connection to a power supply network, wherein the bus capacitor is connected to the mains connection via at least one first charging path for charging during a positive mains voltage sub-cycle and via at least one second charging path for charging during a negative mains voltage sub-cycle via the rectifier.
- the bus capacitor is temporarily discharged via the power supply network by means of a discharge unit which comprises at least two switching elements, one of the switching elements being designed as a high-side switching element and one of the switching elements as a low-side switching element, a discharge path from the bus capacitor back to the mains connection being enabled via the switching elements and the discharge unit being controlled via a driver unit which has a high-side driver for controlling the high-side switching element and a bootstrap circuit, the high-side driver being supplied with energy via the bootstrap circuit.
- a particularly efficient operation of the induction hob device can advantageously be achieved by means of such a method.
- the method preferably comprises at least five method steps.
- the control voltage source can be activated and the bootstrap capacitor can be at least partially charged.
- the power switch can be closed and the bus capacitor can be charged.
- the closing of the mains switch is carried out during a zero crossing of an alternating mains voltage applied to the mains connection.
- a, in particular The BUS capacitor can be discharged several times, preferably periodically, in succession by means of the discharge unit, whereby the BUS capacitor can be partially or completely discharged and whereby after each discharge the BUS capacitor is at least partially recharged via the first charging path and/or the second charging path.
- the discharging of the BUS capacitor can be terminated.
- the power switch can be opened.
- the power switch can be opened during the positive mains voltage sub-cycle.
- the power switch is preferably opened during the negative mains voltage sub-cycle. This can enable the bootstrap capacitor to be recharged more quickly.
- the method can be carried out again. If the method is carried out again without switching off the control voltage source and discharging the bootstrap capacitor in the meantime, the first and second method steps can be omitted and the method can be started directly with the third method step.
- the induction hob device should not be limited to the application and embodiment described above.
- the induction hob device can have a number of individual elements, components and units that differs from a number stated herein in order to fulfill a function described herein.
- a number of method steps of the method according to the invention for operating the induction hob device can differ from a number stated previously and/or subsequently.
- Fig. 1 an induction hob with an induction hob device in a schematic representation
- Fig. 2 the induction hob device in a schematic electrical circuit diagram with a bus capacitor, with a rectifier, with a mains connection, with a mains switch, with a discharge unit and with a driver unit which comprises a bootstrap circuit with a bootstrap capacitor,
- Fig. 3 is a schematic process flow diagram illustrating a method for operating the induction hob device
- Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the course of various electrical parameters of the induction hob device during the implementation of the method
- Fig. 5 is a simplified schematic electrical diagram of the induction hob device showing a charging path of the bootstrap capacitor
- Fig. 6 is a simplified schematic electrical circuit diagram of the induction hob device showing charging paths of the bus capacitor
- Fig. 7 is a simplified electrical schematic diagram of the induction hob device showing relevant current paths when the power switch is opened during a positive mains voltage sub-cycle and
- Fig. 8 is a simplified schematic electrical diagram of the induction hob device showing relevant current paths when the power switch is opened during a positive mains voltage sub-cycle.
- FIG. 1 shows an induction hob 50 in a schematic representation.
- the induction hob 50 comprises a hob plate 52 and four inductors 54 which are mounted under the hob plate 52.
- the induction hob 50 comprises a hob plate 52 and four inductors 54 which are mounted under the hob plate 52.
- only one of the objects present in multiple copies is provided with a reference symbol.
- the induction hob 50 has a main control unit 56 which includes an inverter unit (not shown) for supplying power to the inductors 54.
- the induction hob 50 has an induction hob device 10. In an assembled state of the induction hob 50, the induction hob device 10 is connected to the inverter unit of the main control unit 56.
- FIG. 2 shows a simplified and schematic electrical circuit diagram of the induction hob device 10.
- the induction hob device 10 has a mains connection 16 for connection to a power supply network (not shown).
- the induction hob device 10 has a filter unit 58 which is provided to reduce interference.
- the filter unit 58 is electrically connected to the mains connection 16 via a first conductor 72 and a second conductor 74.
- the filter unit 58 comprises a first filter capacitor 60 and a second filter capacitor 62.
- the filter capacitors 60, 62 are each arranged electrically parallel to the mains connection 16.
- the filter unit 58 comprises four filter coils 64, 66, 68, 70.
- a first filter coil 64 and a second filter coil 66 of the filter unit 58 are arranged electrically in series with one another and connected via the first conductor 72.
- a third filter coil 68 and a fourth filter coil 70 of the filter unit 58 are arranged electrically in series with one another and connected to the second conductor 74.
- the induction hob device 10 further comprises at least one rectifier 14 for rectifying an alternating mains voltage 86 provided by the power supply network (see Figure 4).
- the rectifier 14 is designed as a single-phase full-wave rectifier.
- the rectifier 14 comprises four diodes 76, 78, 80, 82, namely a first diode 76, a second diode 78, a third diode 80 and a fourth diode 82.
- the induction hob device 10 comprises a power switch 44, which is provided to provide an electrically conductive connection between the power connection 16 and the rectifier 14.
- the power switch 44 is provided to establish or break an electrically conductive connection between the mains connection 16 and the rectifier 14 via the first conductor 72.
- the induction hob device 10 has a BUS capacitor 12.
- an equivalent resistor 84 is shown for simplicity, which is arranged electrically parallel to the bus capacitor 12.
- the equivalent resistor 84 represents all electrical loads that can be connected downstream of the bus capacitor 12, for example inverters (not shown) of the main control unit 56 of the induction hob 50 and/or at least one of the inductors 54 (see Figure 1) and/or the like.
- the bus capacitor 12 is connected to the mains connection 16 via at least a first charging path 18 (see Figure 6) for charging during a positive mains voltage sub-cycle via the rectifier 14.
- the first diode 76 and the fourth diode 82 of the rectifier 14 are assigned to the first charging path 18.
- the bus capacitor 12 is connected to the mains connection 16 via the first diode 76 and the fourth diode 82 of the rectifier 14 and can be charged via the first charging path 18.
- the bus capacitor 12 is connected to the mains connection 16 via at least one second charging path 20 (see Figure 6) for charging during a negative mains voltage sub-cycle via the rectifier 14.
- the second diode 78 and the third diode 80 of the rectifier 14 are assigned to the second charging path 20.
- the bus capacitor 12 is connected to the mains connection 16 via the second diode 78 and the third diode 80 of the rectifier 14 and can be charged via the second charging path 20.
- the induction hob device 10 has a discharge unit 22.
- the discharge unit 22 comprises at least two switching elements 24, 26 for temporarily discharging the bus capacitor 12 via the power supply network.
- a first switching element 24 of the discharge unit 22 is designed as a high-side switching element 28.
- the high-side switching element 28 is arranged between the first conductor 72 and the bus capacitor 12.
- a second switching element 26 of the discharge unit 22 is designed as a low-side switching element 30.
- the low-side switching element 30 is between the second conductor 74 and the bus capacitor 12.
- the switching elements 24, 26 are provided to enable a discharge path 32 from the bus capacitor 12 back to the mains connection 16 in a closed state.
- the first switching element 24 is arranged electrically parallel to the first diode 76 of the rectifier 14.
- the second switching element 26 is arranged electrically parallel to the fourth diode 82 of the rectifier 14.
- the discharge unit 22 is therefore provided exclusively for discharging the bus capacitor 12 during positive mains voltage partial cycles of an alternating mains voltage 86 provided by the power supply network (see Figure 4).
- the discharge unit 22 could be provided for discharging the bus capacitor 12 during positive mains voltage sub-cycles, in which case the first switching element 24 would then have to be arranged electrically parallel to the second diode 78 and the second switching element 26 electrically parallel to the third diode 80, or the discharge unit 22 would have to have, in addition to the switching elements 24, 26, a third switching element electrically parallel to the second diode 78 and a fourth switching element electrically parallel to the third diode 80 (not shown).
- At least one of the switching elements 24, 26 of the discharge unit 22 is designed as a semiconductor switching element. In the present case, both the first switching element 24 and the second switching element 26 are designed as a semiconductor switching element. At least one of the switching elements 24, 26 of the discharge unit 22 is designed as an N-MOSFET. In the present case, both the first switching element 24 and the second switching element 26 are designed as N-MOSFETs.
- the discharge unit 22 has a first protective diode 116.
- the first protective diode 116 is arranged in the reverse direction with respect to a source connection of the first switching element 24 designed as an N-MOSFET and is intended to prevent a current flow through the first switching element 24 when charging the bus capacitor 12 during the positive mains voltage partial cycles via the first charging path 18 (see Figure 6).
- the discharge unit 22 has a second protective diode 118 which is arranged in the reverse direction with respect to a source connection of the second switching element 26 designed as an N-MOSFET and is intended to prevent a current flow through the first switching element 24 when charging the bus capacitor 12 during the positive mains voltage partial cycles via the first charging path 18 (see Figure 6).
- the discharge unit 22 is provided here to periodically discharge the bus capacitor 12.
- the bus capacitor 12 can be discharged periodically every 60 ms, for example. After the bus capacitor 12 has been discharged, cooking utensils (not shown) placed on the hob plate 52 of the induction hob 50 (see Figure 1) can be detected, for example by means of the inverter of the main control unit 56 (see Figure 1).
- the induction hob device 10 has a control unit 92.
- the control unit 92 is provided for controlling the driver unit 34 and the power switch 44.
- the control unit 92 comprises several control connections 94, 96, 98.
- the induction hob device 10 has a driver unit 34 for controlling the discharge unit 22.
- the driver unit 34 has a high-side driver 36 for controlling the high-side switching element 28.
- the high-side driver 36 comprises an optocoupler 48.
- the optocoupler 48 is provided for galvanic isolation.
- the high-side driver 36 comprises two electrical resistors 112, 114, which are arranged at the output of the optocoupler 48.
- the electrical resistors 112, 114 are arranged electrically parallel to one another and form a voltage divider for setting a control voltage applied to a gate terminal of the high-side switching element 28 designed as an N-MOSFET.
- the driver unit 34 also has a low-side driver 88 for controlling the low-side switching element 30.
- the induction hob device 10 has a control voltage source 46.
- the control voltage source 46 is intended to provide a direct voltage for supplying power to the driver unit 34, regardless of a switch position of the power switch 44.
- the induction hob device 10 has a control unit 92.
- the control unit 92 is provided for controlling the driver unit 34 and the power switch 44.
- the control unit 92 comprises several control connections 94, 96, 98.
- the high-side driver 36 can be controlled via a first control connection 94 of the control unit 96.
- the low-side driver 88 can be controlled via a second control connection 96 of the control unit 92.
- the power switch 44 can be controlled via a third control connection 96 of the control unit 92.
- the driver unit 34 has a bootstrap circuit 38 for supplying energy to the high-side driver 36.
- the bootstrap circuit 38 here comprises a bootstrap capacitor 40.
- a capacitance of the bootstrap capacitor 40 is lower than a capacitance of the bus capacitor 12.
- the capacitance of the bootstrap capacitor 40 is at least a factor of 2 lower than the capacitance of the bus capacitor 12.
- the bus capacitor 12 could have a capacitance of 6.6 pF and the bootstrap capacitor 40 could have a capacitance between 1 pF and 2.2 pF.
- other capacitances for the bus capacitor 12 and the bootstrap capacitor 40 are also conceivable without departing from the scope of the present invention.
- the bootstrap circuit 38 has a diode 100.
- the bootstrap circuit 38 comprises at least one electrical resistor 42, which is electrically connected in series with the bootstrap capacitor 40.
- the diode 100 is connected upstream of the electrical resistor 42.
- Figure 2 also shows an equivalent resistor 90, which is arranged electrically parallel to the bootstrap capacitor 40.
- the equivalent resistor 90 represents the electrical losses of the high-side driver 36, as well as electrical losses of the diode 100 due to leakage currents at elevated temperatures and the like.
- the equivalent resistor 90 is therefore not a physically present component of the induction hob device 10.
- the low-side driver 88 comprises a first low-side driver element 120 and a second low-side driver element 122.
- the first low-side driver element 120 is designed as an NPN transistor.
- the second low-side driver element 122 is designed as a PNP transistor.
- the first low-side driver element 120 and the second low-side driver element 122 form a non-inverting level converter NPN-PNP.
- the control unit 92 provides a control voltage via the second control connection 96, which can be 3.3 volts, for example.
- the low-side driver 88 has two electrical resistors 186, 188, which are arranged electrically parallel to one another and form a voltage divider at a base terminal of the first low-side driver element 120 in order to generate an input voltage at the first low-side driver element 120.
- a base terminal of the second low-side driver element 122 is connected to a collector terminal of the first low-side driver element 120.
- An emitter terminal of the second low-side driver element 122 is at a reference potential 128 of the control voltage source.
- a collector terminal of the second driver element 122 is connected to a gate terminal of the low-side switching element 30.
- the control voltage provided via the second control terminal 96 can be amplified to a required level for controlling the gate terminal of the low-side switching element 30, in the range of approximately 20 volts.
- the low-side driver 88 has two electrical resistors 124, 126, which are arranged electrically parallel to one another and form a voltage divider at the gate terminal of the low-side switching element 30 in order to more precisely set the voltage required there for control and to prevent overloading of the low-side switching element 30.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic process flow diagram of a method for operating the induction hob device 10.
- the bus capacitor 12 is temporarily discharged via the power supply network by means of the discharge unit 22, which comprises the at least two switching elements 24, 26, the discharge path 32 from the bus capacitor 12 back to the mains connection 16 being activated via the switching elements 24, 26 and the discharge unit 22 being controlled via the driver unit 34, which has the high-side driver 36 for controlling the high-side switching element 28 and the bootstrap circuit 38 for supplying energy to the high-side driver 36.
- the method in the present case comprises five method steps 102, 104, 106, 108, 110. Before the start of the method, the power switch 44 is opened and the control voltage source 46 is deactivated.
- a first method step 102 of the method the control voltage source 46 is activated and the bootstrap capacitor 40 is at least partially charged.
- the power switch 44 is closed and the bus capacitor 12 is charged.
- the bus capacitor 12 is periodically discharged via the power supply network, namely by means of the discharge unit 22.
- the periodic discharge of the bus capacitor 12 is terminated and the bus capacitor 12 is recharged.
- the power switch 44 is opened again. The bus capacitor 12 is then discharged via the equivalent resistor 84.
- Figure 4 shows a plurality of schematic diagrams to illustrate the progression of various electrical parameters of the induction hob device 10 during the execution of the method.
- a time in seconds is plotted on an abscissa 130 of a first diagram in Figure 4.
- a voltage in volts is plotted on an ordinate 132 of the first diagram.
- a curve 134 shows a temporal progression of a direct voltage provided by the control voltage source 46.
- the control voltage source 46 provides a direct voltage of 24 volts after activation in the first method step 102 during the entire further course of the method.
- the time in seconds is plotted on an abscissa 136 of a second diagram in Figure 4.
- a voltage in volts is plotted on an ordinate 138 of the second diagram.
- a curve 140 in the second diagram shows a time profile of a control voltage at the third control terminal 98 of the control unit 92 (see Figure 2) and thus the switching state of the power switch 44.
- a curve 142 in the second diagram shows a control voltage at the first control terminal 94 of the control unit 92.
- the time in seconds is plotted on an abscissa 144 of a third diagram in Figure 4.
- a voltage in volts is plotted on an ordinate 146 of the third diagram.
- a curve 148 in the third diagram shows a time profile of the AC mains voltage 86.
- a second curve 150 shows a time profile of a voltage at which the bus capacitor 12 is charged and discharged.
- the time in seconds is plotted on an abscissa 158 of a fifth diagram in Figure 4.
- a current in milliamperes is plotted on an ordinate 160 of the fifth diagram.
- a curve 162 in the fifth diagram shows a temporal progression of a current flow through the electrical resistance 42 of the bootstrap circuit 38.
- the time in seconds is plotted on an abscissa 164 of a sixth diagram in Figure 4.
- a current in amperes is plotted on an ordinate 166 of the sixth diagram.
- a curve 168 in the sixth diagram shows a temporal progression of a current flow through the first diode 76 of the rectifier 14.
- the time in seconds is plotted on an abscissa 170 of a seventh diagram in Figure 4.
- a current in amperes is plotted on an ordinate 172 of the seventh diagram.
- a curve 174 in the seventh diagram shows a temporal progression of a current flow through the second diode 78 of the rectifier 14.
- FIG. 5 shows a simplified schematic electrical circuit diagram of the induction hob device 10 to illustrate a charging path 176 of the bootstrap capacitor 40.
- a current flows through the diode 100 and the electrical resistor 42, which can be seen in the fifth diagram of Figure 4 at the curve 162, and the bootstrap capacitor 40 is charged.
- the voltage is divided between a first loop consisting of the bootstrap capacitor 40 and the equivalent resistor 90 and a second loop consisting of the bus capacitor 12 and the equivalent resistor 84.
- the ratio of the capacitances between the bootstrap capacitor 40 and the bus capacitor 12 determines the behavior of the voltage increase when activating the control voltage source 46.
- the capacitance of the bootstrap capacitor 40 is lower than the capacitance of the bus capacitor 12, almost the full voltage provided by the control voltage source 46 is present at the bootstrap capacitor 40 shortly after the control voltage source 46 is switched on.
- the ratio between the equivalent resistors 84, 90 determines the stationary voltage division of the voltage provided by the control voltage source 46. provided voltage. If the equivalent resistance 90 is much smaller than the equivalent resistance 84, the bootstrap capacitor 40 is fully charged in the first method step 102 to the amount of the voltage provided by the control voltage source 46. Otherwise, as shown in the present embodiment, part of the voltage is delivered to the bus capacitor 12. As can be seen in the third diagram of Figure 4 from the curve 150, the bus capacitor 12 is already charged to a small extent during the first method step 102.
- the bootstrap capacitor 40 is only partially charged during the first method step 102, to a voltage of approximately 14 volts.
- a voltage to which the bus capacitor 12 is charged in the first method step 102 can be generally determined using the following formula (1): where Vßus is the voltage of the bus capacitor 12, V cc is the voltage provided by the control voltage source 46, RBUS is the value of the equivalent resistor 84 and RBOOT2 is the value of the equivalent resistor 90.
- the voltage to which the boot capacitor 40 is charged in the first method step 102 can be generally determined using the following formula (2): where VßooT is the voltage to which the bootstrap capacitor 40 is charged.
- FIG 6 shows a simplified schematic electrical circuit diagram of the induction hob device 10 to illustrate the charging paths 18, 20 of the bus capacitor 12.
- the bus capacitor 12 is charged to the full amount of the AC mains voltage rectified by the rectifier 14, as can also be seen in the third diagram of Figure 4 using the curve 150.
- the closing of the power switch 44 takes place during a zero crossing of the AC mains voltage 86.
- a high current pulse can be seen on the curve 168 in the sixth diagram. This is the normal peak current caused by the charging of the bus capacitor 12.
- the first diode 76 of the rectifier 14 is designed according to this peak current.
- the bus capacitor 12 has a low power consumption, which is given by the equivalent resistance 84, and therefore the bus capacitor 12 is fully recharged at each maximum of the AC mains voltage 86 via the first charging path 18 and at each minimum of the AC mains voltage 86 via the second charging path 20.
- the charging path 176 is also activated at the AC mains voltage 86 and the bootstrap capacitor 40 is gradually charged to the maximum voltage, as can be seen from the curve 156 in the fourth diagram of Figure 4.
- the bus capacitor 12 is discharged periodically, for example every 60 milliseconds, by means of the discharge unit 22.
- the discharge unit 22 is controlled by means of the control unit 92 via the driver unit 34, specifically by means of the first control connection 94, as can be seen in the second diagram of Figure 4 using the curve 142.
- the periodic discharge of the bus capacitor 12 is terminated and the bus capacitor 12 is recharged.
- the power switch 44 is opened again, as can be seen from the curve 140 of the second diagram in Figure 4.
- the bus capacitor 12 is then discharged via the equivalent resistor 84. If the power switch 44 is not opened during a zero crossing of the If the mains switch is opened during a positive mains voltage sub-cycle, the filter capacitors 60, 62 remain charged to a positive voltage, as can be seen from the constant course of the curve 148 in the third diagram of Figure 4.
- FIG. 7 shows a simplified schematic electrical circuit diagram of the induction hob device 10 to illustrate relevant current paths when the power switch 44 is opened during a positive mains voltage sub-cycle at the beginning of the fifth method step 110.
- the first diode 76 and the fourth diode 82 are forward biased so that the filter capacitors 60, 62 are also discharged via the equivalent resistor 84, as shown in Figure 7 by a discharge path 180.
- the bootstrap capacitor 40 is also partially discharged via the equivalent resistor 90, as shown in Figure 7 by a discharge path 182.
- the diode 100 of the bootstrap circuit 38 is forward biased and the bootstrap capacitor 40 is recharged. The method can be carried out again from the second method step 102 by closing the power switch 44.
- the filter capacitors 60, 62 remain charged to a negative voltage.
- FIG 8 shows a simplified schematic electrical circuit diagram of the induction hob device 10 to illustrate relevant current paths when the power switch is opened during a positive mains voltage sub-cycle at the beginning of the fifth method step 110.
- the second diode 78 and the third diode 80 are forward biased, so that the filter capacitors 60, 62 are also discharged via the equivalent resistor 84.
- the bootstrap capacitor 40 is also partially discharged along the discharge path 182 via the equivalent resistor 90.
- the bootstrap capacitor 40 can be recharged more quickly because the charging path 176 is enabled by the discharge of the filter capacitors 60, 62 and the diode 100 is forward biased as soon as the second diode 78 is activated.
- Control unit first control connection second control connection third control connection
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE112024000729.5T DE112024000729A5 (de) | 2023-02-01 | 2024-01-26 | Induktionskochfeldvorrichtung |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23382087.7 | 2023-02-01 | ||
| EP23382087 | 2023-02-01 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024160664A1 true WO2024160664A1 (de) | 2024-08-08 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2024/051869 Ceased WO2024160664A1 (de) | 2023-02-01 | 2024-01-26 | Induktionskochfeldvorrichtung |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE112024000729A5 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024160664A1 (de) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2582201B1 (de) * | 2011-10-11 | 2017-04-19 | BSH Hausgeräte GmbH | Induktionsheizvorrichtung |
| EP2747514B1 (de) * | 2012-12-20 | 2019-03-27 | Groupe Brandt | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Leistungszuführung von Induktionsmitteln |
| WO2022059861A1 (ko) * | 2020-09-21 | 2022-03-24 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 무소음 용기 감지 기능을 제공하는 유도 가열 장치 및 그의 동작 방법 |
-
2024
- 2024-01-26 WO PCT/EP2024/051869 patent/WO2024160664A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2024-01-26 DE DE112024000729.5T patent/DE112024000729A5/de active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2582201B1 (de) * | 2011-10-11 | 2017-04-19 | BSH Hausgeräte GmbH | Induktionsheizvorrichtung |
| EP2747514B1 (de) * | 2012-12-20 | 2019-03-27 | Groupe Brandt | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Leistungszuführung von Induktionsmitteln |
| WO2022059861A1 (ko) * | 2020-09-21 | 2022-03-24 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 무소음 용기 감지 기능을 제공하는 유도 가열 장치 및 그의 동작 방법 |
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| DE112024000729A5 (de) | 2025-11-27 |
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