WO2024152976A1 - 电池和用电设备 - Google Patents

电池和用电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024152976A1
WO2024152976A1 PCT/CN2024/071772 CN2024071772W WO2024152976A1 WO 2024152976 A1 WO2024152976 A1 WO 2024152976A1 CN 2024071772 W CN2024071772 W CN 2024071772W WO 2024152976 A1 WO2024152976 A1 WO 2024152976A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
glue
glue layer
tab
packaging
battery
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2024/071772
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李锐
陈明琪
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
Original Assignee
Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd filed Critical Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
Publication of WO2024152976A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024152976A1/zh
Priority to US19/273,576 priority Critical patent/US20250349951A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/19—Sealing members characterised by the material
    • H01M50/197—Sealing members characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/105—Pouches or flexible bags
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
    • H01M50/174—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells
    • H01M50/178—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells for pouch or flexible bag cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/184—Sealing members characterised by their shape or structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a battery and an electrical device.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a battery, comprising an electrode assembly, a packaging bag and a tab.
  • the electrode assembly is contained in the packaging bag.
  • the packaging bag comprises a first packaging edge, and the tab is connected to the electrode assembly and extends from the first packaging edge.
  • the battery also comprises a tab glue disposed between the first packaging edge and the tab.
  • the tab glue comprises a first glue layer, a second glue layer and a third glue layer sequentially connected from the tab to the first packaging edge, and the relationship between the melting point T1 of the first glue layer, the melting point T2 of the second glue layer and the melting point T3 of the third glue layer satisfies: T1 ⁇ T2, T3 ⁇ T2, wherein 110°C ⁇ T1 ⁇ 130°C, 140°C ⁇ T2 ⁇ 170°C, and 110°C ⁇ T3 ⁇ 130°C.
  • the sum of the thickness of the first glue layer, the second glue layer and the third glue layer is 70um to 100um, and the ratio of the thickness of the first glue layer to the second glue layer satisfies: 1:1.2 ⁇ 2.
  • the ear glue maintains a stable structure during heat sealing or pressure relief.
  • the melting point of the second glue layer is greater than the melting points of the first glue layer and the third glue layer.
  • the thickness of the second glue layer is greater than the thickness of the first glue layer, so that the second glue layer has a higher structural strength than the first glue layer, so as to improve the stability of the second glue layer supporting the ear and the first packaging edge, reduce the risk of the ear glue being exposed and short-circuited with the metal material in the packaging bag due to transitional deformation, and thus improve the safety performance of the battery.
  • T1 and T3 are substantially equal, which is beneficial for synchronous melting of the first adhesive layer and the third adhesive layer.
  • the sum of the thicknesses of the first glue layer, the second glue layer and the third glue layer is 72 um to 80 um, so as to further limit the packaging volume occupied by the tab glue and improve the energy density of the battery.
  • the thickness ratio of the first adhesive layer, the second adhesive layer and the third adhesive layer satisfies: 1:1.2 to 2:1, so that the second adhesive layer has a higher structural strength than the first adhesive layer and the third adhesive layer, and the second adhesive layer is centrally arranged between the tab and the first packaging edge, further improving the second adhesive layer between the tab and the first packaging edge.
  • the thickness ratio of the first adhesive layer, the second adhesive layer and the third adhesive layer satisfies: 1:1.5 ⁇ 1.8:1, so as to further limit the structural strength of the first adhesive layer, the second adhesive layer and the third adhesive layer, improve the stability of the second adhesive layer supporting between the tab and the first packaging edge, and thereby improve the safety performance of the battery.
  • 120°C ⁇ T1 ⁇ 125°C, 145°C ⁇ T2 ⁇ 165°C, and 120°C ⁇ T3 ⁇ 125°C are used to further limit the melting points of the first glue layer, the second glue layer, and the third glue layer, so that the melting points of the first glue layer and the third glue layer are adapted to the pressure relief temperature of the battery, and the second glue layer forms a supporting structure between the tab and the first packaging edge during heat sealing or pressure relief.
  • the packaging strength of the ear glue at a temperature of 100°C is 0.8N/mm to 1.5N/mm; the packaging strength of the ear glue at a temperature of 120°C is 0.6N/mm to 1.2N/mm; the packaging strength of the ear glue at a temperature of 130°C is 0.2N/mm to 0.5N/mm.
  • the temperature of the ear glue reaches the melting point of the first glue layer and the third glue layer, the corresponding packaging strength of the ear glue is reduced, which facilitates the separation of at least one of the first glue layer and the third glue layer from the second glue layer so that the ear glue forms a pressure relief channel.
  • the packaging strength of the tab glue at room temperature is 2.3N/mm to 4.25N/mm.
  • the tab glue maintains a relatively high packaging strength, thereby improving the sealing stability between the tab and the first packaging edge.
  • the tab glue includes a top, a bottom, a first side, and a second side when viewed along the thickness direction of the tab.
  • the top and the bottom are arranged opposite to each other in the extension direction of the tab, the top is located outside the first packaging edge, and the bottom is located inside the packaging bag.
  • the first side and the second side are connected between the top and the bottom, and are arranged on both sides of the tab along the width direction of the tab.
  • the width of the first packaging edge is 1.2mm to 2.0mm
  • the spacing between the first side portion and the second side portion is 8mm to 9mm.
  • the wider the width of the first packaging edge the longer the path required for pressure relief, the more difficult the pressure relief is, and the narrower the path, the easier it is to form pressure relief.
  • the longer the spacing between the first side portion and the second side portion the longer the connection length between the pole ear glue and the outside, and the setting of the low melting point position is increased. Therefore, the longer the first side portion and the second side portion, the easier it is to form pressure relief.
  • the pressure relief channel is formed neither too early nor too late.
  • the length of the top protruding from the first packaging edge is 0.2mm to 2mm, and the length of the bottom protruding from the first packaging edge is greater than 1.2mm, so as to reduce the risk of short circuit caused by leakage of the tab and contact with metal materials in the packaging bag, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery.
  • the distance between the top and the bottom is 2.5 mm to 5 mm, so that the tab glue can extend from the inside of the packaging bag through the first packaging edge to the outside of the packaging bag, thereby improving the sealing effect of the tab glue.
  • the spacing between the side of the pole ear facing the first side portion and the first side portion is 0.5mm to 2.5mm, and the spacing between the side of the pole ear facing the second side portion and the second side portion is 0.5mm to 2.5mm, so that the pole ear glue protrudes out of both sides of the pole ear in the width direction of the pole ear, thereby improving the sealing effect of the pole ear glue.
  • the pole ear includes a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other in the thickness direction
  • the pole ear glue includes a first part and a second part, the first part is connected between the first surface and the first packaging edge, and the second part is connected between the second surface and the first packaging edge.
  • the pole ear glue is coated on the peripheral side of the pole ear.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides an electrical device, comprising the battery in any of the above embodiments.
  • the ear glue maintains a stable structure during heat sealing or pressure relief.
  • the melting point of the second glue layer is greater than the melting point of the first glue layer and the third glue layer.
  • the thickness of the second glue layer is greater than the thickness of the first glue layer, so that the second glue layer has a higher structural strength than the first glue layer, so as to improve the stability of the second glue layer supporting the ear and the first packaging edge, reduce the risk of the ear leaking out and contacting the metal material in the packaging bag due to transitional deformation of the ear glue, and thus improve the safety performance of the battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tab glue of a battery from a first perspective in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tab glue of a battery from a second viewing angle in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery tab glue in a pressure relief state in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the cut portion in the packaging strength test of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sample in the packaging strength test of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrical device in an embodiment of the present application.
  • an element when an element is considered to be “connected” to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be a centrally arranged element at the same time.
  • an element When an element is considered to be “set” on another element, it can be directly set on the other element or there may be a centrally arranged element at the same time.
  • a value is considered to be “approximately equal” to another value, it means that the two are equal within the set deviation, and the set deviation range is within 5%. That is to say, when at least one of the two values fluctuates within the set deviation range, even if their values are not equal, they are still judged to be approximately equal.
  • a value When a value is considered to be in a ratio of "1:1" to another value, it means that the two are equal within the set deviation, and the set deviation range is within 5%. That is to say, when at least one of the two values fluctuates within the set deviation range, even if their values are not equal, their ratio is still judged to be equal.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery, including an electrode assembly, a packaging bag and a tab.
  • the electrode assembly contains in a packaging bag.
  • the packaging bag includes a first packaging edge, and the tab is connected to the electrode assembly and extends from the first packaging edge.
  • the battery also includes a tab glue arranged between the first packaging edge and the tab.
  • the tab glue includes a first glue layer, a second glue layer and a third glue layer sequentially connected from the tab to the first packaging edge, and the relationship between the melting point T1 of the first glue layer, the melting point T2 of the second glue layer and the melting point T3 of the third glue layer satisfies: T1 ⁇ T2, T3 ⁇ T2, wherein 110°C ⁇ T1 ⁇ 130°C, 140°C ⁇ T2 ⁇ 170°C, and 110°C ⁇ T3 ⁇ 130°C.
  • the sum of the thickness of the first glue layer, the second glue layer and the third glue layer is 70um to 100um, and the ratio of the thickness of the first glue layer to the second glue layer satisfies: 1:1.2 ⁇ 2.
  • the ear glue maintains a stable structure during heat sealing or pressure relief.
  • the melting point of the second glue layer is greater than the melting points of the first glue layer and the third glue layer.
  • the thickness of the second glue layer is greater than the thickness of the first glue layer, so that the second glue layer has a higher structural strength than the first glue layer, so as to improve the stability of the second glue layer supporting the ear and the first packaging edge, reduce the risk of the ear leaking out due to transitional deformation of the ear glue and short-circuiting with the metal material in the packaging bag, and thus improve the safety performance of the battery.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery 100, which includes an electrode assembly 10, a packaging bag 20, a tab 30, and a tab glue 40.
  • the electrode assembly 10 is stacked or wound by a positive electrode sheet, a separator, and a negative electrode sheet.
  • the electrode assembly 10 is contained in the packaging bag 20 for storing or releasing electrical energy.
  • the packaging bag 20 includes a first packaging edge 21, and the tab 30 is connected to the electrode assembly 10 and extends from the first packaging edge 21. The portion of the tab 30 extending from the first packaging edge 21 is used to connect a circuit board assembly or an external electrical device.
  • the battery 100 includes two tabs 30 , which are spaced apart and respectively connected to the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in the electrode assembly 10 , so that the polarities of the two tabs 30 are opposite.
  • the pole ear glue 40 is arranged between the pole ear 30 and the first packaging edge 21.
  • the first packaging edge 21 includes a first melting layer 211 and a second melting layer 212 which are sealed to each other in the thickness direction Z of the pole ear 30.
  • An opening 213 for the pole ear 30 to extend out is formed between the first melting layer 211 and the second melting layer 212.
  • the pole ear glue 40 is coated on the surrounding side of the pole ear 30, and at least a portion of the pole ear glue 40 is located in the opening 213 and is sealed to the first melting layer 211 and the second melting layer 212.
  • the tab 30 includes a first surface 31 and a second surface 32 that are arranged opposite to each other in the thickness direction Z of the tab 30.
  • the tab glue 40 includes a first portion 40a and a second portion 40b, wherein the first portion 40a is connected between the first surface 31 and the first melting layer 211, and the second portion 40b is connected between the second surface 32 and the second melting layer 212.
  • the two ends of the first portion 40a protruding from the first surface 31 are connected to the two ends of the second portion 40b protruding from the second surface 32, so that the tab glue 40 is wrapped around the tab 30.
  • the tab glue 40 can be disposed around the tab 30 so that the tab glue 40 is coated around the tab 30 .
  • the tab glue 40 includes a first glue layer 41, a second glue layer 42, and a third glue layer 43 connected in sequence from the tab 30 to the first packaging edge 21.
  • the first glue layer 41, the second glue layer 42, and the third glue layer 43 are sequentially arranged from the first surface 31 to the first melting layer 211;
  • a first adhesive layer 41 , a second adhesive layer 42 and a third adhesive layer 43 are sequentially disposed from the second surface 32 to the second melting layer 212 .
  • the first adhesive layer 41 and the third adhesive layer 43 are formed on both sides of the second adhesive layer 42 by copolymerization of propylene, ethylene or butene; or the first adhesive layer 41 and the third adhesive layer 43 are formed on both sides of the second adhesive layer 42 by blending polypropylene and polyethylene octene co-elastomers with different melting points; or the first adhesive layer 41 and the third adhesive layer 43 are formed on both sides of the second adhesive layer 42 by blending polypropylene and polyethylene.
  • the relationship between the melting point T1 of the first glue layer 41, the melting point T2 of the second glue layer 42 and the melting point T3 of the third glue layer 43 satisfies: T1 ⁇ T2, T3 ⁇ T2, wherein 110°C ⁇ T1 ⁇ 130°C, 140°C ⁇ T2 ⁇ 170°C, 110°C ⁇ T3 ⁇ 130°C. It can be understood that the melting points of the first glue layer 41 and the third glue layer 43 are adapted to the pressure relief temperature of the battery 100.
  • the second glue layer 42 When the temperature of the tab glue 40 reaches the melting point of the first glue layer 41 and the third glue layer 43, the second glue layer 42 remains in an unmelted state, so that the second glue layer 42 forms a support structure between the tab 30 and the first packaging edge 21 during heat sealing or pressure relief, reducing the risk of the tab 30 leaking out and contacting the metal material in the packaging bag 20 for short circuit, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery 100.
  • the first adhesive layer 41 and the third adhesive layer 43 are melted respectively, and at least one of the first adhesive layer 41 and the third adhesive layer 43 is separated from the second adhesive layer 42 so that the tab adhesive 40 forms a pressure relief channel 50.
  • the second adhesive layer 42 can also limit the amount of adhesive overflow during pressure relief.
  • the first adhesive layer 41 is separated from the second adhesive layer 42 so that the side of the pole ear adhesive 40 facing the pole ear 30 forms a pressure relief channel 50; or the third adhesive layer 43 is separated from the second adhesive layer 42 so that the side of the pole ear adhesive 40 facing the first packaging edge 21 forms a pressure relief channel 50; or the first adhesive layer 41 is separated from the second adhesive layer 42 so that pressure relief channels 50 are formed on both sides of the pole ear adhesive 40.
  • the first adhesive layer 41 and the second adhesive layer 42 can increase the probability of the pole ear adhesive 40 forming a pressure relief channel 50, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery.
  • T1 and T3 can be 110°C, 111°C, 112°C, 113°C, 114°C, 115°C, 116°C, 117°C, 118°C, 119°C, 120°C, 121°C, 122°C, 123°C, 124°C, 125°C, 126°C, 127°C, 128°C, 129°C, 130°C, and any other value in the range of 110°C ⁇ T1 ⁇ 130°C.
  • T2 can be 140°C, 141°C, 142°C, 143°C, 144°C, 145°C, 148°C, 150°C, 153°C, 155°C, 158°C, 160°C, 161°C, 162°C, 163°C, 164°C, 165°C, 166°C, 167°C, 168°C, 169°C, 170°C, and any other value in the range of 140°C ⁇ T2 ⁇ 170°C.
  • T1 T3, which is beneficial for the first adhesive layer 41 and the third adhesive layer 43 to melt synchronously.
  • T1>T3 or T1 ⁇ T3 can also melt synchronously when the temperature of the ear glue 40 reaches the higher melting point of the first glue layer 41 and the third glue layer 43 .
  • the relationship between the melting point T1 of the first glue layer 41, the melting point T2 of the second glue layer 42 and the melting point T3 of the third glue layer 43 satisfies: 120°C ⁇ T1 ⁇ 125°C, 145°C ⁇ T2 ⁇ 165°C, 120°C ⁇ T3 ⁇ 125°C, so as to further limit the melting points of the first glue layer 41, the second glue layer 42 and the third glue layer 43, so that the melting points of the first glue layer 41 and the third glue layer 43 are adapted to the pressure relief temperature of the battery 100, and the second glue layer 42 forms a supporting structure between the tab 30 and the first packaging edge 21 during the heat sealing or pressure relief process.
  • the pressure relief temperature is adapted, and the second adhesive layer 42 forms a supporting structure between the tab 30 and the first packaging edge 21 during the heat sealing or pressure relief process.
  • the sum of the thicknesses of the first glue layer 41, the second glue layer 42 and the third glue layer 43 is 70 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, so as to limit the packaging volume occupied by the ear glue 40 and improve the energy density of the battery 100.
  • the sum of the thicknesses of the first adhesive layer 41 , the second adhesive layer 42 and the third adhesive layer 43 is 72 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m, so as to further limit the packaging volume occupied by the tab adhesive 40 and improve the energy density of the battery 100 .
  • the sum of the thicknesses of the first glue layer 41 , the second glue layer 42 and the third glue layer 43 may be 72 ⁇ m, 73 ⁇ m, 74 ⁇ m, 75 ⁇ m, 76 ⁇ m, 77 ⁇ m, 78 ⁇ m, 79 ⁇ m, 80 ⁇ m, or any other value within the range of 72 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness ratio of the first adhesive layer 41 and the second adhesive layer 42 satisfies: 1:1.2 ⁇ 2, so that the second adhesive layer 42 has a higher structural strength than the first adhesive layer 41, improves the stability of the second adhesive layer 42 supporting the tab 30 and the first packaging edge 21, and reduces the risk of the tab 30 leaking out and short-circuiting with the metal material in the packaging bag 20 due to the transitional deformation of the tab adhesive 40, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery.
  • the first adhesive layer 41 is in contact with the tab 30. Under the extrusion of the tab 30, the thickness of the first adhesive layer 41 at the position corresponding to the tab 30 will decrease.
  • the thickness of the first adhesive layer 41 is the initial thickness of the first adhesive layer 41 before being extruded by the tab 30, that is, the thickness of the first adhesive layer 41 in FIG. 2 exceeds the portion of the tab 30 in the width direction Y of the tab 30.
  • the surface of the first adhesive layer 41 in contact with the pole tab 30 under the extrusion of the pole tab 30 will form a rough surface
  • the rough surface includes a plurality of first concave surfaces and first convex surfaces continuously arranged in the width direction Y of the pole tab 30, and the rough surface abuts against the first surface 31 or the second surface 32 of the pole tab 30 to improve the connection strength between the first adhesive layer 41 and the pole tab 30.
  • the thickness of the first adhesive layer 41 is substantially equal to the thickness of the third adhesive layer 43, and the thickness ratio of the first adhesive layer 41, the second adhesive layer 42 and the third adhesive layer 43 satisfies: 1:1.2 to 2:1, so that the second adhesive layer 42 has a higher structural strength than the first adhesive layer 41 and the third adhesive layer 43, and the second adhesive layer 42 is centrally arranged between the tab 30 and the first packaging edge 21, further improving the stability of the second adhesive layer 42 supporting between the tab 30 and the first packaging edge 21.
  • the thickness ratio of the first adhesive layer 41, the second adhesive layer 42 and the third adhesive layer 43 can be 1:1.2-2:1, 1:1.3:1, 1:1.4:1, 1:1.5:1, 1:1.6:1, 1:1.7:1, 1:1.8:1, 1:1.9:1, 1:2:1, and any other value in the range of 1:1.2-2:1.
  • the sum of the thicknesses of the first adhesive layer 41 , the second adhesive layer 42 and the third adhesive layer 43 is 75.5 ⁇ m
  • the thickness of the first adhesive layer 41 is 20 ⁇ m
  • the thickness of the second adhesive layer 42 is 35.5 ⁇ m
  • the thickness of the third adhesive layer 43 is 20 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness ratio of the first adhesive layer 41, the second adhesive layer 42 and the third adhesive layer 43 satisfies: 1:1.5 ⁇ 1.8:1, so as to further limit the structural strength of the first adhesive layer 41, the second adhesive layer 42 and the third adhesive layer 43, improve the stability of the second adhesive layer 42 supporting between the tab 30 and the first packaging edge 21, and thereby improve the safety performance of the battery 100.
  • the sum of the thicknesses of the first adhesive layer 41 , the second adhesive layer 42 and the third adhesive layer 43 is 77 ⁇ m
  • the thickness of the first adhesive layer 41 is 22 ⁇ m
  • the thickness of the second adhesive layer 42 is 33 ⁇ m
  • the thickness of the third adhesive layer 43 is 22 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness ratio of the first adhesive layer 41, the second adhesive layer 42 and the third adhesive layer 43 satisfies: 1:1.6:1, so as to further limit the structural strength of the first adhesive layer 41, the second adhesive layer 42 and the third adhesive layer 43, improve the stability of the second adhesive layer 42 supporting between the tab 30 and the first packaging edge 21, and thereby improve the safety performance of the battery 100.
  • the sum of the thicknesses of the first adhesive layer 41 , the second adhesive layer 42 and the third adhesive layer 43 is 72 ⁇ m
  • the thickness of the first adhesive layer 41 is 20 ⁇ m
  • the thickness of the second adhesive layer 42 is 32 ⁇ m
  • the thickness of the third adhesive layer 43 is 20 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the first adhesive layer 41 of the third adhesive layer is greater than the thickness of the third adhesive layer 43, or the thickness of the first adhesive layer 41 is less than the thickness of the third adhesive layer 43, both of which can make the second adhesive layer 42 have a higher structural strength than the first adhesive layer 41 and the third adhesive layer 43, so that the second adhesive layer 42 has sufficient structural strength to play a supporting role on the tab 30 and the first packaging edge 21.
  • the tab glue 40 maintains a stable structure during the pressure relief process.
  • the melting point of the second glue layer 42 is greater than the melting point of the first glue layer 41 and the third glue layer 43.
  • the second glue layer 42 remains in an unmelted state, which facilitates the second glue layer 42 to form a support structure between the tab 30 and the first packaging edge 21 during the heat sealing or pressure relief process.
  • the thickness of the second glue layer 42 is greater than the thickness of the first glue layer 41, so that the second glue layer 42 has a higher structural strength than the first glue layer 41, so as to improve the stability of the second glue layer 42 supporting between the tab 30 and the first packaging edge 21, reduce the risk of the tab 30 leaking out and contacting the metal material in the packaging bag 20 due to the transitional deformation of the tab glue 40, and thus improve the safety performance of the battery 100.
  • the packaging strength of the ear glue 40 at room temperature is 2.3N/mm to 4.2N/mm; the packaging strength of the ear glue 40 at a temperature of 100°C is 0.8N/mm to 1.5N/mm; the packaging strength of the ear glue 40 at a temperature of 120°C is 0.6N/mm to 1.2N/mm; the packaging strength of the ear glue 40 at a temperature of 130°C is 0.2N/mm to 0.5N/mm.
  • the ear glue 40 is partially located in the packaging bag 20, and the temperature in the packaging bag 20 is the temperature of the ear glue 40. Compared with the sealing strength of the traditional ear glue, the above setting makes the packaging strength of the ear glue 40 change more with the temperature.
  • the pole ear glue 40 When the pole ear glue 40 is at room temperature of 25°C, the pole ear glue 40 maintains a relatively high packaging strength, thereby improving the sealing stability between the pole ear 30 and the first packaging edge 21. When the temperature of the pole ear glue 40 reaches the melting point of the first glue layer 41 and the third glue layer 43, the corresponding packaging strength of the pole ear glue 40 is reduced, thereby facilitating the separation of at least one of the first glue layer 41 and the third glue layer 43 from the second glue layer 42, so that the pole ear glue 40 forms a pressure relief channel.
  • Step 1 Make samples
  • the first packaging edge 21 is located on both sides of the tab glue 40.
  • the tab 30 includes a first section 33 extending from the tab glue 40 into the packaging bag 20, and a second section 34 extending from the tab glue 40 into the outside of the packaging bag 20.
  • the packaging bag 20 is cut from each cutting starting point 61 along the extension direction X of the tab 30 until the cutting end point 62 exceeds the end of the first section 33 away from the first section 33, and a cutting portion 63 is formed by cutting the two cutting end points 62.
  • the cutting portion 63 includes the tab 30, the tab glue 40 coated on the tab 30, and a portion of the packaging bag 20 connected to both sides of the tab glue 40 in the thickness direction Z of the tab 30.
  • the packaging bag 20 in the cutting portion 63 includes a packaging portion 631 connected to the tab glue 40 and an extension portion 632 extending from the packaging portion 631 toward the first section 33, and the extension portion 632 is folded to cover the packaging portion 631 and the second section 34 to form a sample.
  • the sample includes a first clamping end 64 and a second clamping end 65, the first clamping end 64 is a portion exceeding the second section 34 after the two extension portions 632 are folded, and the second clamping end 65 is the first section 33 exposed after the two extension portions 632 are folded.
  • Step 2 Tensile test.
  • a tensile testing machine with an incubator is selected.
  • the tensile testing machine is provided with two oppositely arranged chucks in the incubator.
  • the sample is placed in the incubator, with one chuck clamping the first clamping end 64 and the other chuck clamping the second clamping end 65.
  • the two chucks are moved relative to each other at a speed of 175 ⁇ 5mm/min to perform a tensile test, and the maximum value when the tab glue 40 is separated from the tab 30 or the packaging bag 20 is recorded.
  • the packaging strength of the ear glue 40 at room temperature can be 2.3N/mm, 2.5N/mm, 2.6N/mm, 2.9N/mm, 3.0N/mm, 3.3N/mm, 3.6N/mm, 3.8N/mm, 4.0N/mm, 4.2N/mm, and any other value in the range of 2.3N/mm to 4.2N/mm.
  • the packaging strength of the ear glue 40 at 100° C. can be 0.8N/mm, 0.9N/mm, 1.0N/mm, 1.1N/mm, 1.2N/mm, 1.3N/mm, 1.4N/mm, 1.5N/mm, and any other value in the range of 0.8N/mm to 1.5N/mm.
  • the packaging strength of the tab glue 40 at 120° C. can be 0.6 N/mm, 0.7 N/mm, 0.8 N/mm, 0.9 N/mm, 1.0 N/mm, 1.1 N/mm, 1.2 N/mm, and any other value within the range of 0.6 N/mm to 1.2 N/mm.
  • the packaging strength of the tab glue 40 at 130° C. may be 0.2 N/mm, 0.3 N/mm, 0.4 N/mm, 0.5 N/mm, or any other value within the range of 0.2 N/mm to 0.5 N/mm.
  • the relationship between the melting point of the first glue layer 41, the melting points of the second glue layer 42 and the third glue layer 43 in the tab glue 40, and the packaging strength of the tab glue 40 at various temperatures is limited to balance the relationship between the melting point of the tab glue 40 and the packaging strength.
  • the second glue layer 42 When the temperature of the tab glue 40 reaches the melting point of the first glue layer 41 and the third glue layer 43, the second glue layer 42 is not melted, so that the second glue layer 42 forms a support structure between the tab 30 and the first packaging edge 21 during heat sealing or pressure relief, and the corresponding packaging strength of the tab glue 40 is reduced, so that at least one of the first glue layer 41 and the third glue layer 43 is separated from the second glue layer 42 so that the tab glue 40 forms a pressure relief channel 50.
  • the tab glue 40 When viewed along the thickness direction Z of the tab 30, the tab glue 40 includes a top portion 44, a bottom portion 45, a first side portion 46, and a second side portion 47.
  • the top portion 44 and the bottom portion 45 are arranged opposite to each other in the extension direction X of the tab 30.
  • the top portion 44 is located outside the packaging bag 20, and the bottom portion 45 is located inside the packaging bag 20.
  • the first side portion 46 and the second side portion 47 are connected between the top portion 44 and the bottom portion 45, and are arranged opposite to each other along the width direction Y of the tab 30. Ears 30 on both sides.
  • the width of the first packaging edge 21 is 1.2mm to 2.0mm
  • the length of the top 44 protruding from the first packaging edge 21 is 0.2 to 2mm
  • the length of the bottom 45 protruding from the first packaging edge is greater than 1.2mm, so as to reduce the risk of leakage of the pole ear 30 and short circuit contact with the metal material in the packaging bag 20, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery 100.
  • the width of the first packaging edge 21 may be 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.7 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.9 mm, 2.0 mm, or any other value within the range of 1.2 mm to 2.0 mm.
  • the length of the top 44 protruding from the first packaging edge 21 can be 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.8mm, 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.4mm, 1.6mm, 1.8mm, 2mm, and any other value in the range of 0.2 to 2mm.
  • the length of the bottom 45 protruding from the first packaging edge may be 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.8 mm, 2 mm, or any other value greater than 1.2 mm.
  • the spacing between the first side portion 46 and the second side portion 47 is 8 mm to 9 mm, so as to increase the extension length of the bottom 45 in the packaging bag 20, thereby increasing the low melting point position of the pole ear 30.
  • the temperature in the packaging bag 20 reaches the melting point of the first adhesive layer 41 and the third adhesive layer 43, it is convenient for the pole ear adhesive 40 to form a pressure relief channel 50.
  • the spacing between the first side portion 46 and the second side portion 47 can be 8 mm, 8.1 mm, 8.2 mm, 8.3 mm, 8.4 mm, 8.5 mm, 8.6 mm, 8.7 mm, 8.8 mm, 8.9 mm, 9 mm, and any other value in the range of 8 mm to 9 mm.
  • the distance between the top 44 and the bottom 45 is 2.5 mm to 5 mm, so that the tab glue 40 extends from the inside of the packaging bag 20 through the first packaging edge 21 to the outside of the packaging bag 20 , thereby improving the sealing effect of the tab glue 40 .
  • the distance between the top 44 and the bottom 45 may be 2.5 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm, 4 mm, 4.5 mm, 5 mm, or any other value within the range of 2.5 mm to 5 mm.
  • the spacing between the side of the pole ear 30 facing the first side portion 46 and the first side portion 46 is 0.5mm to 2.5mm
  • the spacing between the side of the pole ear 30 facing the second side portion 47 and the second side portion 47 is 0.5mm to 2.5mm, so that the pole ear glue 40 protrudes from both sides of the pole ear 30 in the width direction Y of the pole ear 30, thereby improving the sealing effect of the pole ear glue 40.
  • the spacing between the side of the tab 30 facing the first side portion 46 and the first side portion 46 can be 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.7 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.9 mm, 2 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.3 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.5 mm, and any other value in the range of 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm.
  • the spacing between the side of the tab 30 facing the second side portion 47 and the second side portion 47 can be 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2mm, 2.1mm, 2.2mm, 2.3mm, 2.4mm, 2.5mm and any other value in the range of 0.5mm to 2.5mm.
  • the tab 30 is centrally disposed on the first side portion 46
  • the distance between the side of the pole tab 30 facing the first side 46 and the second side 47 that is, the distance between the side of the pole tab 30 facing the second side 47 and the first side 46 is equal to the distance between the side of the pole tab 30 facing the second side 47 and the second side 47 , so that the force on both sides of the pole tab 30 is uniform.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an electric device 200, comprising the battery 100 in any of the above embodiments.
  • the electric device 200 also includes a device body, and the battery 100 is electrically connected to the device body and supplies power to the device body.
  • the device body can be an electronic device such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a transportation device such as an electric car.
  • the pressure relief test includes two methods: hot box test and 100°C storage test.
  • Hot box testing consists of the following four steps:
  • the battery is considered to meet the safety standard if it does not catch fire or explode.
  • Hot box storage testing consists of the following three steps:
  • the batteries of the comparative examples and the embodiments were placed in an incubator, and after the incubator was heated to a specified temperature, the pressure release of the batteries was observed.
  • the batteries in the comparative examples and the examples have most of the same parameters, and some chemical systems and cell structures commonly used in the art can be adopted.
  • the parameters other than those involved in the examples and comparative examples in the following tables are the same.
  • the melting points of the first adhesive layer 41 and the third adhesive layer 43 in Comparative Example 1 are less than 110°C, which is not conducive to high-temperature storage of the battery 100.
  • the melting points of the first adhesive layer 41 and the third adhesive layer 43 in Comparative Example 2 are greater than 130°C, which is not conducive to timely pressure relief of the battery 100.
  • the melting points of the first adhesive layer 41 and the third adhesive layer 43 in Examples 1-5 are all between 110°C and 130°C, which can meet the requirements of high-temperature storage and timely pressure relief.
  • the melting point of the second adhesive layer 42 in Comparative Example 3 is less than 140°C, which is not conducive to high-temperature storage of the battery 100.
  • the melting point of the second adhesive layer 42 in Comparative Example 4 is greater than 170°C. Although it can meet the requirements of the pressure relief test, the selection of the material of the ear glue 40 is relatively strict and the preparation is difficult.
  • the melting point of the second adhesive layer 42 in Examples 6-10 is 140°C to 170°C, which can meet the requirements of high-temperature storage and can release pressure in time.
  • the packaging strength of the ear glue 40 in Comparative Example 5 is relatively small. Although it can meet the requirements of the pressure relief test, the packaging strength at room temperature is relatively low, which is not conducive to the use of the battery 100.
  • the packaging strength of the ear glue 40 in Comparative Example 6 is relatively high, which is not conducive to timely pressure relief of the battery 100.
  • the packaging strength of the ear glue 40 in Examples 11-14 meets the above range, which can meet the requirements of high-temperature storage and timely pressure relief.
  • the pole ear glue 40 maintains a stable structure during the pressure relief process by limiting the melting point and thickness of the first glue layer 41, the second glue layer 42 and the third glue layer 43 in the pole ear glue 40.
  • the melting point of the second glue layer 42 is greater than the melting points of the first glue layer 41 and the third glue layer 43.
  • the second glue layer 42 remains in an unmelted state, so that the second glue layer 42 forms a support structure between the pole ear 30 and the first packaging edge 21 during heat sealing or pressure relief.
  • the thickness of the second adhesive layer 42 is greater than that of the first adhesive layer 41 , so that the second adhesive layer 42 has a higher structural strength than the first adhesive layer 41 , thereby improving the stability of the second adhesive layer 42 supporting the pole tab 30 and the first packaging edge 21 , and reducing the risk of the pole tab 30 leaking out and short-circuiting with the metal material in the packaging bag 20 due to transitional deformation of the pole tab adhesive 40 , thereby improving the safety performance of the battery 100 .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

一种电池，包括电极组件、包装袋和极耳。电极组件容纳于包装袋中。包装袋包括第一封装边，极耳连接于电极组件并自第一封装边伸出。电池还包括设置于第一封装边和极耳之间的极耳胶。极耳胶包括自极耳向第一封装边依次连接的第一胶层、第二胶层和第三胶层。在第一胶层、第二胶层和第三胶层的排列方向上，第一胶层、第二胶层和第三胶层的厚度之和为70um至100um，第一胶层和第二胶层的厚度之比满足：1∶1.2～2。本申请还提供包括上述电池的用电设备。上述电池能提高安全性能。

Description

电池和用电设备 技术领域
本申请涉及储能技术领域，特别涉及一种电池和用电设备。
背景技术
现有的电池结构中，为实现极耳和包装袋之间的良好密封，通常需要在极耳上设置极耳胶。普通的极耳胶无法实现泄压的功能，而现有的能够实现泄压的极耳胶在需设计较低的熔点，但较低熔点的极耳胶在热封或泄压过程中缺乏支撑结构，容易导致极耳外露，引发极耳与包装袋中的金属材料接触短路从而造成安全问题。
发明内容
鉴于上述状况，有必要提供一种能够解决上述问题的电池。
本申请的实施例提供一种电池，包括电极组件、包装袋和极耳。电极组件容纳于包装袋中。包装袋包括第一封装边，极耳连接于电极组件并自第一封装边伸出。电池还包括设置于第一封装边和极耳之间的极耳胶。极耳胶包括自极耳向第一封装边依次连接的第一胶层、第二胶层和第三胶层，第一胶层熔点T1、第二胶层的熔点T2和第三胶层的熔点T3之间的关系满足:T1＜T2，T3＜T2，其中，110℃≤T1≤130℃，140℃≤T2≤170℃，110℃≤T3≤130℃。在第一胶层、第二胶层和第三胶层的排列方向上，第一胶层、第二胶层和第三胶层的厚度之和为70um至100um，第一胶层和第二胶层的厚度之比满足：1∶1.2～2。
上述电池中，通过限制极耳胶中第一胶层、第二胶层和第三胶层的熔点和厚度，使极耳胶在热封或泄压过程中保持稳定的结构。具体地，第二胶层的熔点大于第一胶层和第三胶层的熔点，当极耳胶所处的温度达到第一胶层和第三胶层的熔点时，第二胶层保持未熔融的状态，便于第二胶层在热封或泄压过程中在极耳和第一封装边之间形成支撑结构。并且，第二胶层的厚度大于第一胶层的厚度，使第二胶层相较于第一胶层具备更高的结构强度，以提高第二胶层在极耳和第一封装边之间支撑的稳定性，降低极耳胶过渡形变导致极耳外露与包装袋中的金属材料接触短路的风险，进而提高电池的安全性能。
本申请的一些实施例中，T1和T3大致相等，有利于第一胶层和第三胶层同步熔融。
本申请的一些实施例中，第一胶层、第二胶层和第三胶层的厚度之和为72um至80um，以进一步限制极耳胶占用的封装体积，提高电池的能量密度。
本申请的一些实施例中，第一胶层、第二胶层和第三胶层的厚度之比满足：1∶1.2～2∶1，使第二胶层相较于第一胶层和第三胶层具备更高的结构强度，且使第二胶层居中设置于极耳和第一封装边之间，进一步提高第二胶层在极耳和第一封装边 之间支撑的稳定性。
本申请的一些实施例中，第一胶层、第二胶层和第三胶层的厚度之比满足：1∶1.5～1.8∶1，以进一步限制第一胶层、第二胶层和第三胶层的结构强度，提高第二胶层在极耳和第一封装边之间支撑的稳定性，进而提高电池的安全性能。
本申请的一些实施例中，120℃≤T1≤125℃，145℃≤T2≤165℃，120℃≤T3≤125℃，以进一步限制第一胶层、第二胶层和第三胶层的熔点，使第一胶层和第三胶层的熔点与电池的泄压温度适配，且使第二胶层在热封或泄压过程中在极耳和第一封装边之间形成支撑结构。
本申请的一些实施例中，极耳胶在温度为100℃的状态下的封装强度为0.8N/mm至1.5N/mm；极耳胶在温度为120℃的状态下的封装强度为0.6N/mm至1.2N/mm；极耳胶在温度为130℃的状态下的封装强度为0.2N/mm至0.5N/mm。当极耳胶所处的温度达到第一胶层和第三胶层的熔点时，极耳胶对应的封装强度降低，便于第一胶层和第三胶层两者中的至少一者与第二胶层分离使极耳胶形成泄压通道。
本申请的一些实施例中，极耳胶在常温状态下的封装强度为2.3N/mm至4.25N/mm。当极耳胶在常温状态下时，极耳胶保持较高的封装强度，提高极耳和第一封装边之间密封的稳定性。
本申请的一些实施例中，沿极耳的厚度方向观察，极耳胶包括顶部、底部、第一侧部和第二侧部。顶部和底部在极耳的伸出方向上相对设置，顶部位于第一封装边外，底部位于包装袋内。第一侧部和第二侧部连接于顶部和底部之间，且沿极耳的宽度方向设于极耳两侧。
本申请的一些实施例中，沿极耳的伸出方向，第一封装边的宽度为1.2mm至2.0mm，沿极耳的宽度方向，第一侧部和第二侧部之间的间距为8mm至9mm，第一封装边的宽度越宽，泄压需要走的路径越长，泄压越难，越窄越容易形成泄压。而第一侧部和第二侧部之间的间距越长，极耳胶与外部的连接长度越长，增加了低熔点位置的设置，因此第一侧部和第二侧部越长，越容易形成泄压，通过平衡第一侧部和第二侧部的间距以及第一封装边的宽度，使泄压通道形成不会太早也不会太迟。
本申请的一些实施例中，顶部凸伸出第一封装边的长度为0.2mm至2mm，底部凸伸出第一封装边的长度大于1.2mm，以降低极耳外漏与包装袋中的金属材料接触短路的风险，进而提高电池的安全性能。
本申请的一些实施例中，沿极耳的伸出方向，顶部和底部之间的间距为2.5mm至5mm，以便于极耳胶自包装袋内经第一封装边延伸止至包装袋外，提升极耳胶的密封效果。
本申请的一些实施例中，沿极耳的宽度方向，极耳朝向第一侧部的侧边和第一侧部之间的间距为0.5mm至2.5mm，极耳朝向第二侧部的侧边和第二侧部之间的间距为0.5mm至2.5mm，以便于极耳胶在极耳的宽度方向上凸伸出极耳两侧，提升极耳胶的密封效果。
本申请的一些实施例中，极耳包括在厚度方向上相对设置的第一面和第二面，极耳胶包括第一部分和第二部分，第一部分连接于第一面和第一封装边之间，第二部分连接于第二面和第一封装边之间，沿极耳的宽度方向，第一部分凸伸出第一面的两端连接于第二部分凸伸出第二面的两端，以使极耳胶包覆于极耳周侧。
本申请的实施例还提供一种用电设备，包括上述任一实施例中的电池。
本申请的电池和用电设备中，通过限制极耳胶中第一胶层、第二胶层和第三胶层的熔点和厚度，使极耳胶在热封或泄压过程中保持稳定的结构。具体地，第二胶层的熔点大于第一胶层和第三胶层的熔点，当极耳胶所处的温度达到第一胶层和第三胶层的熔点时，第二胶层保持未熔融的状态，便于第二胶层在热封或泄压过程中在极耳和第一封装边之间形成支撑结构。并且，第二胶层的厚度大于第一胶层的厚度，使第二胶层相较于第一胶层具备更高的结构强度，以提高第二胶层在极耳和第一封装边之间支撑的稳定性，降低极耳胶过渡形变导致极耳外漏与包装袋中的金属材料接触短路的风险，进而提高电池的安全性能。
附图说明
图1是本申请的一个实施例中电池的结构示意图。
图2是本申请的一个实施例中电池的极耳胶的第一视角结构示意图。
图3是本申请的一个实施例中电池的极耳胶的第二视角结构示意图。
图4是本申请的一个实施例中电池的极耳胶处于泄压状态的结构示意图。
图5是本申请封装强度测试中裁切部分的结构示意图。
图6是本申请封装强度测试中样品的结构示意图。
图7是本申请的一个实施例中用电设备的结构示意图。
主要元件符号说明
电池                                100
用电设备                            200
电极组件                            10
包装袋                              20
第一封装边                          21
第一熔融层                          211
第二熔融层                          212
极耳                                30
第一面                              31
第二面                              32
第一段                              33
第二段                              34
极耳胶                              40
第一胶层                            41
第二胶层                             42
第三胶层                             43
第一部分                             40a
第二部分                             40b
顶部                                 44
底部                                 45
第一侧部                             46
第二侧部                             47
泄压通道                             50
裁切起点                             61
裁切终点                             62
裁切部分                             63
封装部                               631
延伸部                               632
第一夹持端                           64
第二夹持端                           65
厚度方向                             Z
伸出方向                             X
宽度方向                             Y
如下具体实施方式将结合上述附图进一步说明本申请。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
需要说明的是，当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中设置的元件。当一个元件被认为是“设置在”另一个元件，它可以是直接设置在另一个元件上或者可能同时存在居中设置的元件。当一个数值被认为与另一个数值“大致相等”，指的是两者在设定偏差内相等，设定偏差范围在5％以内，也就是说，当两个数值中的至少一个处于设定偏差范围内波动时，即使其值不相等，仍判定其大致相等。当一个数值被认为与另一个数值的比例为“1：1”时，指的是两者在设定偏差内相等，设定偏差范围在5％以内，也就是说，当两个数值中的至少一个处于设定偏差范围内波动时，即使其值不相等，仍判定其比例相等。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。本文所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
本申请的实施例提供一种电池，包括电极组件、包装袋和极耳。电极组件容纳 于包装袋中。包装袋包括第一封装边，极耳连接于电极组件并自第一封装边伸出。电池还包括设置于第一封装边和极耳之间的极耳胶。极耳胶包括自极耳向第一封装边依次连接的第一胶层、第二胶层和第三胶层，第一胶层熔点T1、第二胶层的熔点T2和第三胶层的熔点T3之间的关系满足:T1＜T2，T3＜T2，其中，110℃≤T1≤130℃，140℃≤T2≤170℃，110℃≤T3≤130℃。在第一胶层、第二胶层和第三胶层的排列方向上，第一胶层、第二胶层和第三胶层的厚度之和为70m至100um，第一胶层和第二胶层的厚度之比满足：1∶1.2～2。
上述电池中，通过限制极耳胶中第一胶层、第二胶层和第三胶层的熔点和厚度，使极耳胶在热封或泄压过程中保持稳定的结构。具体地，第二胶层的熔点大于第一胶层和第三胶层的熔点，当极耳胶所处的温度达到第一胶层和第三胶层的熔点时，第二胶层保持未熔融的状态，便于第二胶层在热封或泄压过程中在极耳和第一封装边之间形成支撑结构。并且，第二胶层的厚度大于第一胶层的厚度，使第二胶层相较于第一胶层具备更高的结构强度，以提高第二胶层在极耳和第一封装边之间支撑的稳定性，降低极耳胶过渡形变导致极耳外漏与包装袋中的金属材料接触短路的风险，进而提高电池的安全性能。
结合附图，对本申请的实施例作进一步的说明。
请参阅图1，本申请的实施例提供一种电池100，电池100包括电极组件10、包装袋20、极耳30和极耳胶40。电极组件10由正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片堆叠或卷绕而成。电极组件10容纳于包装袋20中，用于储存或释放电能。包装袋20包括第一封装边21，极耳30连接于电极组件10并自第一封装边21伸出，极耳30伸出第一封装边21的部分用于连接电路板组件或外部用电设备。
可选地，电池100包括两个极耳30，两个极耳30间隔设置且分别连接于电极组件10中的正极极片和负极极片，以使两个极耳30的极性相反。
请一并参阅图2，极耳胶40设置于极耳30和第一封装边21之间，具体地，第一封装边21包括在极耳30的厚度方向Z上相互密封连接的第一熔融层211和第二熔融层212，第一熔融层211和第二熔融层212之间形成供极耳30伸出的开口213，极耳胶40包覆于极耳30周侧，至少部分极耳胶40位于开口213中且与第一熔融层211和第二熔融层212密封连接。
在一些实施例中，极耳30包括在极耳30的厚度方向Z上相对设置的第一面31和第二面32。极耳胶40包括第一部分40a和第二部分40b，第一部分40a连接于第一面31和第一熔融层211之间，第二部分40b连接于第二面32和第二熔融层212之间，在极耳30的宽度方向Y上，第一部分40a凸伸出第一面31的两端连接于第二部分40b凸伸出第二面32的两端，以使极耳胶40包覆于极耳30周侧。
可以理解的是，在一些实施例中，极耳胶40可以环绕极耳30设置，以使极耳胶40包覆于极耳30周侧。
请一并参阅图3，极耳胶40包括自极耳30向第一封装边21依次连接的第一胶层41、第二胶层42和第三胶层43。具体地，在第一部分40a中，自第一面31向第一熔融层211依次设置第一胶层41、第二胶层42和第三胶层43；在第二部分 40b中，自第二面32向第二熔融层212依次设置第一胶层41、第二胶层42和第三胶层43。
可选地，第一胶层41和第三胶层43通过丙烯、乙烯或丁烯共聚的方式形成第二胶层42两侧；或第一胶层41和第三胶层43通过聚丙烯和不同熔点的聚乙烯辛烯共弹性体共混的方式形成第二胶层42两侧；或第一胶层41和第三胶层43通过聚丙烯和聚乙烯共混的方式形成第二胶层42两侧。
请一并参阅图4，第一胶层41的熔点T1、第二胶层42的熔点T2和第三胶层43的熔点T3之间的关系满足:T1＜T2，T3＜T2，其中，110℃≤T1≤130℃，140℃≤T2≤170℃，110℃≤T3≤130℃。可以理解的是，第一胶层41和第三胶层43的熔点与电池100的泄压温度适配。当极耳胶40所处的温度达到有第一胶层41和第三胶层43的熔点时，第二胶层42保持未熔融的状态，便于第二胶层42在热封或泄压过程中在极耳30和第一封装边21之间形成支撑结构，降低极耳30外漏与包装袋20中的金属材料接触短路的风险，进而提高电池100的安全性能。具体地，在泄压过程中，第一胶层41和第三胶层43分别熔融，且第一胶层41和第三胶层43两者中的至少一者与第二胶层42分离使极耳胶40形成泄压通道50。并且，第二胶层42还可限制泄压时的溢胶量。
可选地，在泄压过程中，第一胶层41与第二胶层42分离使极耳胶40朝向极耳30的一侧形成泄压通道50；或第三胶层43与第二胶层42分离使极耳胶40朝向第一封装边21的一侧形成泄压通道50；或第一胶层41与第二胶层42分离使极耳胶40两侧形成泄压通道50。第一胶层41与第二胶层42能够提高极耳胶40形成泄压通道50的概率，提高电池的安全性能。
可选地，T1和T3可以为110℃、111℃、112℃、113℃、114℃、115℃、116℃、117℃、118℃、119℃、120℃、121℃、122℃、123℃、124℃、125℃、126℃、127℃、128℃、129℃、130℃、以及110℃≤T1≤130℃范围内其他任意数值中的一个。
可选地，T2可以为140℃、141℃、142℃、143℃、144℃、145℃、148℃、150℃、153℃、155℃、158℃、160℃、161℃、162℃、163℃、164℃、165℃、166℃、167℃、168℃、169℃、170℃、以及140℃≤T2≤170℃范围内其他任意数值中的一个。
在一些实施例子中，T1＝T3，有利于第一胶层41和第三胶层43同步熔融。
可以理解的是，在一些实施例中，T1＞T3或T1＜T3，也可在极耳胶40所处的温度达到有第一胶层41和第三胶层43中较高的熔点时同步熔融。
进一步地，第一胶层41熔点T1、第二胶层42的熔点T2和第三胶层43的熔点T3之间的关系满足:120℃≤T1≤125℃，145℃≤T2≤165℃，120℃≤T3≤125℃，以进一步限制第一胶层41、第二胶层42和第三胶层43的熔点，使第一胶层41和第三胶层43的熔点与电池100的泄压温度适配，且使第二胶层42在热封或泄压过程中在极耳30和第一封装边21之间形成支撑结构。
进一步地，第一胶层41熔点T1、第二胶层42的熔点T2和第三胶层43的熔点T3之间的关系满足:T1＝T3＝123℃；T2＝165℃，以进一步限制第一胶层41、第二胶层42和第三胶层43的熔点，使第一胶层41和第三胶层43的熔点与电池100的 泄压温度适配，且使第二胶层42在热封或泄压过程中在极耳30和第一封装边21之间形成支撑结构。
请再次参阅图2和图3，在一些实施例中，在第一胶层41、第二胶层42和第三胶层43的排列方向上，第一胶层41、第二胶层42和第三胶层43的厚度之和为70μm至100μm，以限制极耳胶40占用的封装体积，提高电池100的能量密度。
进一步地，第一胶层41、第二胶层42和第三胶层43的厚度之和为72μm至80μm，以进一步限制极耳胶40占用的封装体积，提高电池100的能量密度。
可选地，第一胶层41、第二胶层42和第三胶层43的厚度之和可以为72μm、73μm、74μm、75μm、76μm、77μm、78μm、79μm、80μm、以及72μm至80μm范围内其他任意数值中的一个。
请再次参阅图4，在一些实施例中，第一胶层41和第二胶层42的厚度之比满足：1∶1.2～2，以使第二胶层42相较于第一胶层41具备更高的结构强度，提高第二胶层42在极耳30和第一封装边21之间支撑的稳定性，降低极耳胶40过渡形变导致极耳30外漏与包装袋20中的金属材料接触短路的风险，进而提高电池的安全性能。
需要说明的是，在封装过程中，第一胶层41与极耳30接触，在极耳30的挤压作用下第一胶层41对应极耳30的位置的厚度会减小，本申请中第一胶层41的厚度为第一胶层41在未受到极耳30挤压作用前的初始厚度，即图2中第一胶层41在极耳30的宽度方向Y上超过极耳30部分的厚度。
可以理解的是，在一些实施例中，第一胶层41在极耳30的挤压作用下与极耳30接触的表面会形成粗糙面，该粗糙面包括在极耳30的宽度方向Y连续设置的多个第一凹面和第一凸面，该粗糙面与极耳30的第一面31或第二面32抵接，以提高第一胶层41和极耳30的连接强度。
进一步地，第一胶层41的厚度和第三胶层43的厚度大致相等，第一胶层41、第二胶层42和第三胶层43的厚度之比满足：1∶1.2～2∶1，使第二胶层42相较于第一胶层41和第三胶层43具备更高的结构强度，且使第二胶层42居中设置于极耳30和第一封装边21之间，进一步提高第二胶层42在极耳30和第一封装边21之间支撑的稳定性。
可选地，第一胶层41、第二胶层42和第三胶层43的厚度之比可以为1∶1.2～2∶1、1∶1.3∶1、1∶1.4∶1、1∶1.5∶1、1∶1.6∶1、1∶1.7∶1、1∶1.8∶1、1∶1.9∶1、1∶2∶1、以及1∶1.2～2∶1范围内其他任意数值中的一个。
在一些实施例中，第一胶层41、第二胶层42和第三胶层43的厚度之和为75.5μm，第一胶层41的厚度为20μm，第二胶层42的厚度为35.5μm，第三胶层43的厚度为20μm。
进一步地，第一胶层41、第二胶层42和第三胶层43的厚度之比满足：1∶1.5～1.8∶1，以进一步限制第一胶层41、第二胶层42和第三胶层43的结构强度，提高第二胶层42在极耳30和第一封装边21之间支撑的稳定性，进而提高电池100的安全性能。
在一些实施例中，第一胶层41、第二胶层42和第三胶层43的厚度之和为77μm，第一胶层41的厚度为22μm，第二胶层42的厚度为33μm，第三胶层43的厚度为22m。
进一步地，第一胶层41、第二胶层42和第三胶层43的厚度之比满足：1∶1.6∶1，以进一步限制第一胶层41、第二胶层42和第三胶层43的结构强度，提高第二胶层42在极耳30和第一封装边21之间支撑的稳定性，进而提高电池100的安全性能。
在一些实施例中，第一胶层41、第二胶层42和第三胶层43的厚度之和为72μm，第一胶层41的厚度为20μm，第二胶层42的厚度为32μm，第三胶层43的厚度为20μm。
可以理解的是，在一些实施例中，在满足第二胶层42的厚度大于第三胶层43的厚度的前提下，第三胶层的第一胶层41的厚度大于第三胶层43的厚度，或第一胶层41的厚度小于第三胶层43的厚度，均能使第二胶层42相较于第一胶层41和第三胶层43具备更高的结构强度，便于第二胶层42具备足够的结构强度在极耳30和第一封装边21起到支撑作用。
上述电池100中，通过限制极耳胶40中第一胶层41、第二胶层42和第三胶层43的熔点和厚度，使极耳胶40在泄压过程中保持稳定的结构。具体地，第二胶层42的熔点大于第一胶层41和第三胶层43的熔点，当极耳胶40所处的温度达到第一胶层41和第三胶层43的熔点时，第二胶层42保持未熔融的状态，便于第二胶层42在热封或泄压过程中在极耳30和第一封装边21之间形成支撑结构。并且，第二胶层42的厚度大于第一胶层41的厚度，使第二胶层42相较于第一胶层41具备更高的结构强度，以提高第二胶层42在极耳30和第一封装边21之间支撑的稳定性，降低极耳胶40过渡形变导致极耳30外漏与包装袋20中的金属材料接触短路的风险，进而提高电池100的安全性能。
在一些实施例中，极耳胶40在常温状态下的封装强度的为2.3N/mm至4.2N/mm；极耳胶40在温度为100℃状态下的封装强度的为0.8N/mm至1.5N/mm；极耳胶40在温度为120℃状态下的封装强度的为0.6N/mm至1.2N/mm；极耳胶40在温度为130℃状态下的封装强度的为0.2N/mm至0.5N/mm。极耳胶40部分位于包装袋20内，包装袋20内的温度即为极耳胶40所处的温度。相较于传统的极耳胶的密封强度，通过上述设置使极耳胶40的封装强度随着温度的变化幅度更大。当极耳胶40在常温25℃状态下时，极耳胶40保持较高的封装强度，提高极耳30和第一封装边21之间密封的稳定性，当极耳胶40所处的温度达到第一胶层41和第三胶层43的熔点时，极耳胶40对应的封装强度降低，便于第一胶层41和第三胶层43两者中的至少一者与第二胶层42分离使极耳胶40形成泄压通道。
请一并参阅图5和图6，需要说明的是，本申请的封装强度通过如下测试方法得到：
步骤一，制作样品；
具体地，在极耳30的宽度方向Y上，以第一封装边21位于极耳胶40两侧的 部位为两个裁切起点61。极耳30包括自极耳胶40伸入包装袋20内的第一段33，以及自极耳胶40伸入包装袋20外的第二段34。自每个裁切起点61沿极耳30的伸出方向X裁剪包装袋20，直到裁切终点62超过第一段33远离第一段33的端部，通过裁切两个裁切终点62形成裁切部分63。裁切部分63包括极耳30、包覆于极耳30的极耳胶40及在极耳30的厚度方向Z上连接于极耳胶40两侧的部分包装袋20。
裁切部分63中的包装袋20包括连接极耳胶40的封装部631和自封装部631朝向第一段33延伸的延伸部632，将延伸部632翻折覆盖封装部631和第二段34形成样品。样品包括第一夹持端64和第二夹持端65，第一夹持端64为两个延伸部632翻折后超过第二段34的部分，第二夹持端65为两个延伸部632翻折后显露的第一段33。
步骤二，拉力测试。
具体地，选用带温箱的拉力机，拉力机在温箱内设有两个相对设置的夹头，将样品放入温箱内，其中一夹头夹持第一夹持端64，另一个夹头夹持第二夹持端65，待温箱升温到指定温度后保持5分钟，再使两个夹头以175±5mm/min的速度相对移动以进行拉力测试，记录极耳胶40与极耳30或包装袋20脱离时的最大值。
可选地，极耳胶40在常温状态下的封装强度可以为2.3N/mm、2.5N/mm、2.6N/mm、2.9N/mm、3.0N/mm、3.3N/mm、3.6N/mm、3.8N/mm、4.0N/mm、4.2N/mm、以及2.3N/mm至4.2N/mm范围内其他任意数值中的一个。
可选地，极耳胶40在100℃状态下的封装强度可以为0.8N/mm、0.9N/mm、1.0N/mm、1.1N/mm、1.2N/mm、1.3N/mm、1.4N/mm、1.5N/mm、以及0.8N/mm至1.5N/mm范围内其他任意数值中的一个。
可选地，极耳胶40在120℃状态下的封装强度可以为0.6N/mm、0.7N/mm、0.8N/mm、0.9N/mm、1.0N/mm、1.1N/mm、1.2N/mm、以及0.6N/mm至1.2N/mm范围内其他任意数值中的一个。
可选地，极耳胶40在130℃状态下的封装强度可以为0.2N/mm、0.3N/mm、0.4N/mm、0.5N/mm、以及0.2N/mm至0.5N/mm范围内其他任意数值中的一个。
上述电池100中，通过限制极耳胶40中第一胶层41的熔点、第二胶层42和第三胶层43的熔点、以及极耳胶40在各温度下的封装强度，平衡极耳胶40熔点与封装强度之间的关系。当极耳胶40所处的温度达到第一胶层41和第三胶层43的熔点时，第二胶层42未熔融，便于第二胶层42在热封或泄压过程中在极耳30和第一封装边21之间形成支撑结构，并且极耳胶40对应的封装强度降低，便于第一胶层41和第三胶层43两者中的至少一者与第二胶层42分离使极耳胶40形成泄压通道50。
请再次参阅图1，沿极耳30的厚度方向Z观察，极耳胶40包括顶部44、底部45、第一侧部46和第二侧部47。顶部44和底部45在极耳30的伸出方向X上相对设置，顶部44位于包装袋20外，底部45位于包装袋20内，第一侧部46和第二侧部47连接于顶部44和底部45之间，且沿极耳30的宽度方向Y相对设于极 耳30两侧。
沿极耳30的伸出方向X，第一封装边21的宽度为1.2mm至2.0mm，顶部44凸伸出第一封装边21的长度为0.2至2mm，底部45凸伸出第一封装边的长度大于1.2mm，以降低极耳30外漏与包装袋20中的金属材料接触短路的风险，进而提高电池100的安全性能。
可选地，第一封装边21的宽度为可以为1.2mm、1.3mm、1.4mm、1.5mm、1.6mm、1.7mm、1.8mm、1.9mm、2.0mm以及1.2mm至2.0mm范围内其他任意数值中的一个。
可选地，顶部44凸伸出第一封装边21的长度可以为0.2mm、0.3mm、0.4mm、0.5mm、0.6mm、0.8mm、1mm、1.2mm、1.4mm、1.6mm、1.8mm、2mm、以及0.2至2mm范围内其他任意数值中的一个。
可选地，底部45凸伸出第一封装边的长度可以为1.3mm、1.4.mm、1.6mm、1.8mm、2mm、以大于1.2mm范围内其他任意数值中的一个。
沿极耳30的宽度方向Y，第一侧部46和第二侧部47之间的间距为8mm至9mm，以提高底部45在包装袋20内的延伸长度，进而增加极耳30的低熔点位置，当包装袋20内的温度达到第一胶层41和第三胶层43的熔点时，便于极耳胶40形成泄压通道50。
可选地，第一侧部46和第二侧部47之间的间距可以为8mm、8.1mm、8.2mm、8.3mm、8.4mm、8.5mm、8.6mm、8.7mm、8.8mm、8.9mm、9mm、以及8mm至9mm范围内其他任意数值中的一个。
沿极耳30的伸出方向X，顶部44和底部45之间的间距为2.5mm至5mm，以便于极耳胶40自包装袋20内经第一封装边21延伸止至包装袋20外，提升极耳胶40的密封效果。
可选地，顶部44和底部45之间的间距可以为2.5mm、3mm、3.5mm、4mm、4.5mm、5mm、以及2.5mm至5mm范围内其他任意数值中的一个。
沿极耳30的宽度方向Y，极耳30朝向第一侧部46的侧边和第一侧部46之间的间距为0.5mm至2.5mm，极耳30朝向第二侧部47的侧边和第二侧部47之间的间距为0.5mm至2.5mm，以便于极耳胶40在极耳30的宽度方向Y上凸伸出极耳30两侧，提升极耳胶40的密封效果。
可选地，极耳30朝向第一侧部46的侧边和第一侧部46之间的间距可以为0.5mm、0.6mm、0.7mm、0.8mm、0.9mm、1mm、1.1mm、1.2mm、1.3mm、1.4mm、1.5mm、1.6mm、1.7mm、1.8mm、1.9mm、2mm、2.1mm、2.2mm、2.3mm、2.4mm、2.5mm以及0.5mm至2.5mm范围内其他任意数值中的一个。
可选地，极耳30朝向第二侧部47的侧边和第二侧部47之间的间距可以为0.5mm、0.6mm、0.7mm、0.8mm、0.9mm、1mm、1.1mm、1.2mm、1.3mm、1.4mm、1.5mm、1.6mm、1.7mm、1.8mm、1.9mm、2mm、、2.1mm、2.2mm、2.3mm、2.4mm、2.5mm以及0.5mm至2.5mm范围内其他任意数值中的一个。
在一些实施例中，沿极耳30的宽度方向Y，极耳30居中设置于第一侧部46 和第二侧部47之间，即极耳30朝向第一侧部46的侧边和第一侧部46之间的间距等于极耳30朝向第二侧部47的侧边和第二侧部47之间的间距，以使极耳30两侧受力均匀。
请参阅图7，本申请的实施例还提供了一种用电设备200，包括上述任一实施例中的电池100。用电设备200还包括设备主体，电池100电连接于设备主体，且为设备主体供电。在一些实施例中，设备主体可以为手机、平板电脑等电子设备，或电动汽车等交通设备。
下面通过具体实施方式说明本申请：
泄压测试包括热箱测试和100℃存储测试两种方式，
热箱测试包括以下四个步骤：
将电池充电至电池的剩余电量达到100％；
将感温线贴附于电池表面的中心位置；
将电池平放在箱体中按照5±2℃升温速度升温至130±2℃并保持60Min；
关闭箱体加热，待电池降低至常温后取出电池，判定电池符合安全性的标准为电池不起火或爆炸。
热箱存储测试包括以下三个步骤：
将电池充电至电池的剩余电量达到100％；
将电池存放在100±2℃箱体中并保持5H；
打开箱体，取出电池，判定电池符合安全性的标准为电池未冲开任何封装边，且电池不起火或爆炸。
将各对比例和各实施例的电池放入温箱中，待温箱升温到指定温度后，观察电池的泄压情况。
各对比例和各实施例中的电池具有大部分相同的参数，可以采用本领域常用的一些化学体系和电芯结构，下述各表中的各实施例和对比例中除所涉及到的参数之外的其它参数都相同。
表1对比例1-2和实施例1-4中各电池的其余参数和测试结果

由表1可知，对比例1中第一胶层41和第三胶层43的熔点小于110℃，不利于电池100的高温存储。对比例2中第一胶层41和第三胶层43的熔点大于130℃，不利于电池100及时泄压。实施例1-5中第一胶层41和第三胶层43的熔点均为110℃至130℃，既能满足高温存储的要求，又能及时泄压。
表2对比例3-4和实施例6-10中各电池的其余参数和测试结果

由表2可知，对比例3中第二胶层42的熔点小于140℃，不利于电池100的高温存储。对比例4中第二胶层42的熔点大于170℃，虽然能够满足泄压测试的要求，但极耳胶40材料的选择较为严格，制备难度较高。实施例6-10中第二胶层42的熔点为140℃至170℃，既能满足高温存储的要求，又能及时泄压。
表3对比例5-6和实施例11-14中各电池的其余参数和测试结果
由表3可知，对比例5中极耳胶40的封装强度较小，虽然能够满足泄压测试的要求，但在常温下的封装强度较低，不利于电池100的使用。对比例6中极耳胶40的封装强度较高，不利于电池100及时泄压。实施例11-14中极耳胶40的封装强度满足上文范围，既能满足高温存储的要求，又能及时泄压。
表4对比例7-8和实施例15-18中各电池的其余参数和测试结果
由表4可知，对比例7中，当第一胶层41和第二胶层42厚度比值较大时，热箱通过率及高温存储测试通过率较低，对比例8中，当第一胶层41和第二胶层42的厚度比值较小时，第一胶层41和第三胶层43的厚度较薄，会影响热箱测试通过率。
综上，上述电池100和用电设备200中，通过限制极耳胶40中第一胶层41、第二胶层42和第三胶层43的熔点和厚度，使极耳胶40在泄压过程中保持稳定的结构。具体地，第二胶层42的熔点大于第一胶层41和第三胶层43的熔点，当极耳胶40所处的温度达到第一胶层41和第三胶层43的熔点时，第二胶层42保持未熔融的状态，便于第二胶层42在热封或泄压过程中在极耳30和第一封装边21之间形成支撑结构。并且，第二胶层42的厚度大于第一胶层41的厚度，使第二胶层42相较于第一胶层41具备更高的结构强度，以提高第二胶层42在极耳30和第一封装边21之间支撑的稳定性，降低极耳胶40过渡形变导致极耳30外漏与包装袋20中的金属材料接触短路的风险，进而提高电池100的安全性能。
另外，本领域技术人员还可在本申请精神内做其它变化，当然，这些依据本申请精神所做的变化，都应包含在本申请所公开的范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种电池，包括电极组件、包装袋和极耳，所述电极组件容纳于所述包装袋中，其特征在于，
    所述包装袋包括第一封装边，所述极耳连接于所述电极组件并自所述第一封装边伸出，
    所述电池还包括设置于所述第一封装边和所述极耳之间的极耳胶，所述极耳胶包括自所述极耳向所述第一封装边依次连接的第一胶层、第二胶层和第三胶层，所述第一胶层熔点T1、所述第二胶层的熔点T2和所述第三胶层的熔点T3之间的关系满足:T1＜T2，T3＜T2，其中，110℃≤T1≤130℃，140℃≤T2≤170℃，110℃≤T3≤130℃，
    在所述第一胶层、所述第二胶层和所述第三胶层的排列方向上，所述第一胶层、所述第二胶层和所述第三胶层的厚度之和为70um至100um，所述第一胶层和所述第二胶层的厚度之比满足：1∶1.2～2。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述T1与所述T3大致相等。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述第一胶层、所述第二胶层和所述第三胶层的厚度之和为72um至80um。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的电池，其特征在于，所述第一胶层、所述第二胶层和所述第三胶层的厚度之比满足：1∶1.2～2∶1。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的电池，其特征在于，所述第一胶层、所述第二胶层和所述第三胶层的厚度之比满足：1∶1.5～1.8∶1。
  6. 如权利要求1或2所述的电池，其特征在于，120℃≤T1≤125℃，145℃≤T2≤165℃，120℃≤T3≤125℃。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述极耳胶在温度为100℃的状态下的封装强度为0.8N/mm至1.5N/mm；所述极耳胶在温度为120℃的状态下的封装强度为0.6N/mm至1.2N/mm；所述极耳胶在温度为130℃的状态下的封装强度为0.2N/mm至0.5N/mm。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的电池，其特征在于，所述极耳胶在常温状态下的封装强度为2.3N/mm至4.25N/mm。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，沿所述极耳的厚度方向观察，所述极耳胶包括顶部、底部、第一侧部和第二侧部，所述顶部和所述底部在所述极耳的伸出方向上相对设置，所述顶部位于所述第一封装边外，所述底部位于所述包装袋内，所述第一侧部和所述第二侧部连接于所述顶部和所述底部之间，且沿所述极耳的宽度方向设于所述极耳两侧。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的电池，其特征在于，沿所述极耳的伸出方向，所述第一封装边的宽度为1.2mm至2.0mm，沿所述极耳的宽度方向，所述第一侧部和所述第二侧部之间的间距为8mm至9mm。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的电池，其特征在于，所述顶部凸伸出所述第一封装 边的长度为0.2mm至2mm，所述底部凸伸出所述第一封装边的长度大于1.2mm。
  12. 如权利要求10所述的电池，其特征在于，沿所述极耳的伸出方向，所述顶部和所述底部之间的间距为2.5mm至5mm。
  13. 如权利要求10所述的电池，其特征在于，沿所述极耳的宽度方向，所述极耳朝向所述第一侧部的侧边和所述第一侧部之间的间距为0.5mm至2.5mm，所述极耳朝向所述第二侧部的侧边和所述第二侧部之间的间距为0.5mm至2.5mm。
  14. 如权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述极耳包括在厚度方向上相对设置的第一面和第二面，所述极耳胶包括第一部分和第二部分，所述第一部分连接于所述第一面和所述第一封装边之间，所述第二部分连接于所述第二面和所述第一封装边之间，沿所述极耳的宽度方向，所述第一部分凸伸出所述第一面的两端连接于所述第二部分凸伸出所述第二面的两端。
  15. 一种用电设备，其特征在于，所述用电设备包括如权利要求1至14中任意一项所述的电池。
PCT/CN2024/071772 2023-01-18 2024-01-11 电池和用电设备 Ceased WO2024152976A1 (zh)

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CN113285181A (zh) * 2021-05-14 2021-08-20 格远电子科技（上海）有限公司 一种高温可失效的极耳及其制作方法
CN113285180A (zh) * 2021-05-14 2021-08-20 格远电子科技（上海）有限公司 一种高温可失效的极耳胶及其制作方法
CN113871809A (zh) * 2021-09-27 2021-12-31 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 胶纸、极耳及电池
CN115606043A (zh) * 2021-12-29 2023-01-13 宁德新能源科技有限公司（Cn） 密封胶、电芯、电池及用电设备
CN115986284A (zh) * 2023-01-18 2023-04-18 宁德新能源科技有限公司 电池和用电设备
CN116960562A (zh) * 2023-01-18 2023-10-27 宁德新能源科技有限公司 电池和用电设备

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