WO2024148673A1 - 一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机 - Google Patents

一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2024148673A1
WO2024148673A1 PCT/CN2023/080953 CN2023080953W WO2024148673A1 WO 2024148673 A1 WO2024148673 A1 WO 2024148673A1 CN 2023080953 W CN2023080953 W CN 2023080953W WO 2024148673 A1 WO2024148673 A1 WO 2024148673A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pole
magnetic
tiles
region
magnetic tiles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/080953
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李铭杰
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhongshan Broad Ocean Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Zhongshan Broad Ocean Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhongshan Broad Ocean Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Zhongshan Broad Ocean Motor Co Ltd
Publication of WO2024148673A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024148673A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2793—Rotors axially facing stators
    • H02K1/2795—Rotors axially facing stators the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/24—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets axially facing the armatures, e.g. hub-type cycle dynamos
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of disc motors, and in particular relates to a disc motor with a high torque density and an alternating pole structure.
  • a conventional disc motor comprises a stator assembly 10A and a rotor assembly 20A, wherein the stator assembly 10A and the rotor assembly 20A are coupled through an axial magnetic field, and the rotor assembly 20A comprises a rotor core 1A, a plurality of N-polar magnetic tiles 2A and a plurality of S-polar magnetic tiles 3A, wherein the plurality of N-polar magnetic tiles 2A and the plurality of S-polar magnetic tiles 3A are installed on the rotor core 1A and distributed along the same circumference, wherein the plurality of N-polar magnetic tiles 2A and the plurality of S-polar magnetic tiles 3A are arranged alternately, and reference may be made to FIGS.
  • the existing alternating pole disc motor includes a stator assembly 10A and a rotor assembly 20A.
  • the stator assembly 10A and the rotor assembly 20A are coupled through an axial magnetic field.
  • the rotor assembly 20A includes a rotor core 1A and a plurality of magnetic tiles 4A.
  • the plurality of magnetic tiles 4A are installed on the rotor core 1A.
  • a plurality of iron core poles 11A protrude from the top surface of the rotor core 1A.
  • the plurality of magnetic tiles 4A and the plurality of iron core poles 11A are distributed along the same circumference, and the plurality of magnetic tiles 4A and the plurality of iron core poles 11A are Alternating layout, in which all magnetic tiles 4A are S-polarity magnetic tiles or N-polarity magnetic tiles.
  • an axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation motor After searching, an axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation motor has appeared on the market.
  • the specific reference patent number is: 202110383751.6, and the patent name is:
  • An invention patent for an axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation motor This scheme adopts AC excitation winding, omitting brushes and slip rings, realizing brushless excitation, reducing the cost of the motor and improving reliability.
  • the axial magnetic field alternating pole brushless hybrid excitation motor described in this scheme only has an AC excitation winding on the stator.
  • the core poles are used in the process of magnetizing and weakening the main magnetic field, and the main magnetic flux magnetic field (permanent magnetic field) is still composed of N poles and S poles, that is, the excitation motor provided by this scheme does not constitute an alternating pole structure, and it cannot be considered that the alternating pole structure is used to reduce the amount of magnetic tiles used in the disc motor.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a disc-type motor with a high torque density and an alternating pole structure which can avoid magnetic leakage, has high reliability and high power density.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a high torque density disc motor with an alternating pole structure, comprising a stator assembly and a rotor assembly, wherein the stator assembly and the rotor assembly are coupled through an axial magnetic field, the rotor assembly comprising a rotor core, a first group of magnetic tiles and a second group of magnetic tiles, the rotor core is divided into a first area and a second area along a center line L1 of the rotor core, a plurality of first core poles protruding from the top surface of the rotor core in the first area and a plurality of second core poles protruding from the top surface of the rotor core in the second area Core poles; the first group of magnetic tiles are installed in the first area and are distributed along the circumference and axially magnetized, the first group of magnetic tiles include a plurality of N-pole magnetic tiles, and the plurality of N-pole magnetic tiles are alternately arranged with the plurality of first core poles to form an N magnetic pole area
  • the disc motor further comprises a third group of magnetic tiles, which are mounted on the rotor core, distributed along the circumference and tangentially magnetized, and arranged at the boundary between the N magnetic pole region and the S magnetic pole region.
  • the third group of magnetic tiles consists of two magnetic tiles A distributed along the circumference
  • the rotor core consists of two arc-shaped core segments, with a gap between corresponding ends of the two arc-shaped core segments for installing the magnetic tiles A.
  • the magnetic tile A includes a first magnetic block and a second magnetic block, and the first magnetic block and the second magnetic block are arranged from outside to inside along the radial direction of the rotor core, wherein the width of the second magnetic block is smaller than the width of the first magnetic block.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the first magnetic block and the cross-sectional shape of the second magnetic block are both rectangular.
  • N-pole magnetic tiles there are four S-pole magnetic tiles.
  • all N-pole magnetic tiles in the N magnetic pole region are of equal size, and all first core poles are of equal size, so that the N-pole magnetic tiles in the N magnetic pole region are equidistantly distributed, so that a symmetrical magnetic circuit is formed in the N magnetic pole region; all S-pole magnetic tiles in the S magnetic pole region are of equal size, and all second core poles are of equal size, so that the S-pole magnetic tiles in the S magnetic pole region are equidistantly distributed, so that a symmetrical magnetic circuit is formed in the S magnetic pole region.
  • the sizes of the N-pole magnetic tiles in the N-pole region are not equal, and the sizes of the first core poles are also not equal, so that an asymmetric magnetic circuit is formed in the N-pole region; the angle ⁇ formed by the center lines L2 of each two adjacent N-pole magnetic tiles is equal, so that the N-pole magnetic tiles in the N-pole region are equidistantly distributed; the sizes of the S-pole magnetic tiles in the S-pole region are not equal, and the sizes of the second core poles are also not equal, so that an asymmetric magnetic circuit is formed in the S-pole region; the angle ⁇ formed by the center lines L3 of each two adjacent S-pole magnetic tiles is equal, so that the S-pole magnetic tiles in the S-pole region are equidistantly distributed.
  • the sizes of the N-pole magnetic tiles in the N magnetic pole region are equal, and the sizes of the first core poles are unequal, so that the angle ⁇ formed by the center lines L4 of two adjacent N-pole magnetic tiles is unequal, that is, the N-pole magnetic tiles in the N magnetic pole region are non-equidistantly distributed, so that an asymmetric magnetic circuit is formed in the N magnetic pole region;
  • the sizes of the S-pole magnetic tiles in the S magnetic pole region are equal, and the sizes of the second core poles are unequal, so that the angle ⁇ formed by the center lines L5 of two adjacent S-pole magnetic tiles is unequal, that is, the S-pole magnetic tiles in the S magnetic pole region are non-equidistantly distributed, so that an asymmetric magnetic circuit is formed in the S magnetic pole region.
  • the rotor core is composed of two arc-shaped core segments, and a gap is left between the corresponding ends of the two arc-shaped core segments to form an air gap, and the air gap corresponds to the boundary between the N magnetic pole region and the S magnetic pole region.
  • the air gap is used to block the magnetic circuit between the N magnetic pole region and the S magnetic pole region.
  • the N-pole magnetic tiles and the S-pole magnetic tiles located on both sides of the boundary between the N-pole region and the S-pole region are bonded together.
  • one or two rotor assemblies are provided.
  • the two rotor assemblies are respectively distributed at two ends of the stator assembly.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the high torque density disk motor with an alternating pole structure is achieved by installing a first group of magnetic tiles in a first area and a second group of magnetic tiles in a second area.
  • a plurality of N-pole magnetic tiles in the first area are alternately arranged with a plurality of first core poles to form an N-pole region
  • a plurality of S-pole magnetic tiles in the second area are alternately arranged with a plurality of second core poles to form an S-pole region.
  • the advantages of the alternating pole rotor of the disk motor are retained by adopting a "regional" alternating pole structure. There is only one polarity of magnetic tiles in the same area, and the polarities of the magnetic tiles between areas are opposite.
  • the equal number of N-pole magnetic tiles and S-pole magnetic tiles can neutralize the leakage magnetic flux in the N-pole region and the leakage magnetic flux in the S-pole region.
  • the use of this hybrid alternating pole structure can effectively avoid the unipolar leakage magnetic flux under the alternating pole structure, thereby avoiding the magnetization of motor parts (such as shafts, bearings, etc.), thereby improving the reliability of the motor system.
  • the high torque density disc motor with an alternating pole structure provided by the present invention is provided with a third group of magnetic tiles installed on the rotor core.
  • the third group of magnetic tiles are distributed along the circumference and tangentially magnetized.
  • the third group of magnetic tiles are arranged at the boundary between the N pole region and the S pole region.
  • a tangentially magnetized magnetic tile is arranged between the N pole region and the S pole region.
  • the magnetic path of the "cross-region" can be limited to ensure that the main magnetic flux path is not affected and the number of motor pole pairs is ensured, so that the yoke of the stator core of the stator assembly is not affected by the cross-region.
  • the setting of the third group of magnetic tiles can enhance the air gap magnetic density and supplement the magnetic circuit to a certain extent, thereby improving the power density.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a traditional disc motor provided by the prior art
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic circuit of a conventional disc motor provided in the prior art
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent magnetic circuit model of a traditional disc motor provided in the prior art
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an alternating pole disc motor provided by the prior art
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent magnetic circuit model of an alternating pole disc motor provided in the prior art
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of an experiment of an alternating pole disc motor provided by the prior art
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of an experiment of magnetic leakage of an alternating pole disc motor provided by the prior art
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of an experiment of a conventional disc motor provided by the prior art.
  • FIG10 is a schematic diagram of an experiment of a conventional disc motor without magnetic leakage provided by the prior art
  • FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a disc motor provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the disc motor provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit of the disc motor provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the disc motor provided in the first embodiment of the present invention (including the magnetic shoe A);
  • FIG15 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the disc motor provided in the first embodiment of the present invention (including the magnetic shoe A);
  • FIG16 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit of the disc motor provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention (including magnetic shoe A);
  • FIG17 is a magnetic circuit diagram of the effect of the magnetic shoe A of the disk motor with tangential magnetization on the magnetic flux path 3 and the magnetic flux path 4 provided in the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotor assembly provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotor assembly provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotor assembly provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotor assembly provided in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • the conventional disk motor includes a stator assembly 10A and a rotor assembly 20A, the stator assembly 10A and the rotor assembly 20A are coupled through an axial magnetic field, the rotor assembly 20A includes a rotor core 1A, a plurality of N-polar magnetic tiles 2A and a plurality of S-polar magnetic tiles 3A, the plurality of N-polar magnetic tiles 2A and a plurality of S-polar magnetic tiles 3A are mounted on the rotor core 1A and distributed along the same circumference, wherein the plurality of N-polar magnetic tiles 2A and the plurality of S-polar magnetic tiles 3A are arranged alternately; for the magnetic circuit and equivalent magnetic circuit model of the conventional disk motor, reference may be made to FIG2 and FIG3 ; in FIG2 and FIG3 , the magnetic resistance of the stator and rotor cores is not listed, because compared with the air gap magnetic resistance and the magnetic tile magnetic resistance, the magnetic resistance of the core is very small and can be ignored, according to Kirchhoff'
  • ⁇ rem is the remanent magnetism of the permanent magnet
  • ⁇ g is the air gap flux
  • ⁇ m is the PM flux
  • Rg is the air gap reluctance
  • Rm is the PM reluctance
  • a general form of an alternating pole disc motor includes a stator assembly 10A and a rotor assembly 20A, wherein the stator assembly 10A and the rotor assembly 20A are coupled through an axial magnetic field, and the rotor assembly 20A includes a rotor core 1A and a plurality of magnetic tiles 4A, wherein the plurality of magnetic tiles 4A are mounted on the rotor core 1A, and a plurality of core poles 11A protrude from the top surface of the rotor core 1A, wherein the plurality of magnetic tiles 4A and the plurality of core poles 11A are distributed along the same circumference, and the plurality of magnetic tiles 4A and the plurality of core poles 11A are arranged alternately, wherein the magnetic tiles 4A are S-polarity magnetic tiles or N-polarity magnetic tiles; for the magnetic circuit and equivalent magnetic circuit model of a general form of an alternating pole disc motor, reference may be made to FIG5 and FIG6 ; similar to the analysis of the above-ment
  • ⁇ rem is the remanent magnetism of the permanent magnet
  • ⁇ g_C is the alternating pole air gap flux
  • ⁇ m_c is the alternating pole PM flux
  • Rg_m is the air gap reluctance relative to the PM pole
  • Rm_i is the air gap reluctance relative to the iron pole.
  • each pole pair of the original traditional disc motor includes two magnetic tiles (i.e., including N-pole magnetic tiles and S-pole magnetic tiles), while the alternating pole has only one (i.e., only including N-pole magnetic tiles or S-pole magnetic tiles, and N-pole magnetic tiles are taken as an example in Figures 4 to 6).
  • the average torque of the motor is related to the air gap flux density. If fewer magnetic tiles are used to achieve the same air gap flux density, this will achieve the goal of reducing the magnetic resistance.
  • the purpose of using tiles is one of the main characteristics of the alternating-pole motor.
  • the general alternating-pole disk motor will face the problem of magnetic leakage due to the unipolar (magnetic field in the same direction) layout of the magnetic tiles, which will lead to magnetization of components such as shafts and bearings (please refer to the experimental schematic diagrams of Figures 7 and 8 for details.
  • the magnetic tiles in Figures 7 and 8 only include tiles of one polarity. It can be seen from Figure 8 that the rotating shaft can attract iron filings 5A), affecting the life of the motor and having a greater negative impact on the reliability of the motor.
  • the magnetic tiles in the traditional disk motor include N-pole tiles and S-pole tiles
  • the polarities of the N-pole tiles and the S-pole tiles are opposite, so the direction of the leakage magnetic flux is also opposite, forming a neutralization, so that the leakage magnetic flux of the N-pole tiles and the S-pole tiles basically does not cause the magnetization of components such as the motor shaft (please refer to the experimental schematic diagrams of Figures 9 and 10 for details. It can be seen from Figure 10 that the motor shaft cannot attract iron filings 5A).
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the present embodiment provides a disk motor with an alternating pole structure and a high torque density, as shown in FIGS. 11 to 13 , wherein the disk motor comprises a stator assembly 10 and a rotor assembly 20, wherein the stator assembly 10 and the rotor assembly 20 are coupled via an axial magnetic field, wherein the rotor assembly 20 comprises a rotor core 1, a first group of magnetic tiles and a second group of magnetic tiles, wherein the rotor core 1 is divided into a first region 11 and a second region 12 along a center line L1 of the rotor core 1, wherein a plurality of first core poles 13 distributed in a circumferential direction are protruded from the top surface of the rotor core 1 in the first region 11, and a plurality of second core poles 14 distributed in a circumferential direction are protruded from the top surface of the rotor core 1 in the second region 12; the first group of magnetic tiles
  • Magnetic tiles 2, multiple N-pole magnetic tiles 2 and multiple first core poles 13 are arranged alternately to form an N magnetic pole area;
  • the second group of magnetic tiles are installed in the second area 12, distributed along the circumference and axially magnetized, and the second group of magnetic tiles includes multiple S-pole magnetic tiles 3, multiple S-pole magnetic tiles 3 and multiple second core poles 14 are arranged alternately to form an S magnetic pole area; wherein, the number of N-pole magnetic tiles 2 and S-pole magnetic tiles 3 is equal so that the leakage magnetic flux of the N magnetic pole area and the leakage magnetic flux of the S magnetic pole area can be neutralized with each other to avoid the magnetization of motor parts; as a preferred embodiment, 4 N-pole magnetic tiles 2 are provided, 4 S-pole magnetic tiles 3 are provided, and the N-pole magnetic tiles 2 and S-pole magnetic tiles 3 on both sides of the boundary between the N magnetic pole area and the S magnetic pole area are attached to each other, which can save the volume of the rotor core 1; in this embodiment, all N-pole magnetic tiles 2 in the N magnetic
  • the scheme provides a high torque density disc motor with an alternating pole structure, wherein a first group of magnetic tiles are installed in a first area 11, and a second group of magnetic tiles are installed in a second area 12.
  • a plurality of N-pole magnetic tiles 2 in the first area 11 are alternately arranged with a plurality of first core poles 13 to form an N-pole region
  • a plurality of S-pole magnetic tiles 3 in the second area 12 are alternately arranged with a plurality of second core poles 14 to form an S-pole region, so that alternating poles are formed inside each area.
  • the advantages of the alternating pole rotor of the disc motor are retained by adopting a "regional" alternating pole structure.
  • the motor of this scheme adopts hybrid alternating poles, which can retain the advantages of the motor's alternating poles (reducing the amount of magnetic tiles used) while avoiding magnetic leakage, thereby avoiding magnetization of motor components, thereby improving the reliability of the motor system.
  • the disc motor also includes a third group of magnetic tiles, which are installed on the rotor core 1, distributed along the circumference and tangentially magnetized, and the third group of magnetic tiles are arranged at the boundary between the N magnetic pole region and the S magnetic pole region. Tangentially magnetized magnetic tiles are arranged between the N magnetic pole region and the S magnetic pole region, which can limit the "cross-region" magnetic circuit, ensure that the main magnetic flux path is not affected, and ensure the number of motor poles, so that the yoke of the stator core of the stator assembly 10 is not affected by the saturation problem caused by the cross-region magnetic circuit.
  • the setting of the third group of magnetic tiles plays a role in enhancing the air gap magnetic density, and can also form a certain supplement to the magnetic circuit, thereby improving the power density.
  • the tangentially magnetized magnetic tile acts as a separator between the N pole region and the S pole region. As shown in Figures 14 to 16, a tangentially magnetized magnetic tile is set between the N pole region and the S pole region. The tangentially magnetized magnetic tile is very necessary for the construction of the magnetic circuit. If the tangentially magnetized magnetic tile is not set between the N pole region and the S pole region, the magnetic circuit between the N pole region and the S pole region is shown in Figure 13. Taking the adjacent part of the region as an example, the magnetic flux path 1 and the magnetic flux path 2 are the main magnetic flux paths of the motor and play a major role. The magnetic flux path 3 and the magnetic flux path 4 will have a negative impact on the motor pole combination and the saturation of the stator yoke.
  • the magnetic tile with tangential magnetization can effectively cut off the magnetic flux path 3 and the magnetic flux path 4, eliminating the influence of these two parts of the magnetic flux path, as shown in Figure 16; in addition, the direction of the magnetic tile with tangential magnetization also needs to be paid attention to, and it should be set to block the direction of the magnetic flux path 3 and the magnetic flux path 4 (the opposite direction), as shown in Figure 17.
  • the magnetic flux path 3 and the magnetic flux path 4 cannot exist in the direction where the tangential magnetization is set. In a hybrid alternating-pole disc motor with magnetized magnetic tiles.
  • the third group of magnetic tiles is composed of two magnetic tiles A4 distributed along the circumference, and the rotor core 1 is composed of two arc-shaped core segments 15. A gap is left between the corresponding ends of the two arc-shaped core segments 15 for installing the magnetic tiles A4.
  • the structure is simple and easy to assemble.
  • the magnetic tile A4 includes a first magnetic block 41 and a second magnetic block 42, and the first magnetic block 41 and the second magnetic block 42 are arranged from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the rotor core 1, wherein the width of the second magnetic block 42 is smaller than the width of the first magnetic block 41.
  • the magnetic tile A4 is designed as a block-type magnetic tile, which is slightly smaller at the inner diameter and slightly larger at the outer diameter, so that the size of the magnetic tile is not limited to the inner diameter size, and can make full use of the advantage of sufficient space at the outer diameter, so that the wider magnetic tile at the outer diameter can further increase the air gap flux density and power density of the motor.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the first magnetic block 41 and the cross-sectional shape of the second magnetic block 42 are both rectangular.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • This embodiment is modified on the basis of the first embodiment.
  • two rotor assemblies 20 are provided.
  • the two rotor assemblies 20 are respectively distributed at both ends of the stator assembly 10 to form a dual-rotor motor.
  • the area of the N-pole magnetic tile 2 located at the edge of the N-pole region is smaller than the area of the N-pole magnetic tile 2 located at the middle of the N-pole region, wherein the sizes of the two N-pole magnetic tiles 2 located at the edge of the N-pole region are equal, and the sizes of all the N-pole magnetic tiles 2 located at the middle of the N-pole region are equal. ;
  • the sizes of the S-pole magnetic tiles 3 in the S-pole region are not equal, and the sizes of the second core pole 14 are also not equal, so that an asymmetric magnetic circuit is formed in the S-pole region.
  • the two S-pole magnetic tiles 3 located at the edge of the S-pole region are not equal in size to the S-pole magnetic tile 3 located in the middle of the S-pole region.
  • the area of the S-pole magnetic tile 3 located at the edge of the S-pole region is smaller than the area of the S-pole magnetic tile 3 located in the middle of the S-pole region, wherein the sizes of the two S-pole magnetic tiles 3 located at the edge of the S-pole region are equal, and the sizes of all the S-pole magnetic tiles 3 located in the middle of the S-pole region are equal; by forming an asymmetric magnetic circuit in the N-pole region and the S-pole region, the air gap magnetic density harmonics can be reduced and the torque pulsation can be reduced.
  • the angle ⁇ formed by the center lines L2 of each two adjacent N-pole magnetic tiles 2 is equal, so that the N-pole magnetic tiles 2 in the N-pole region are equidistantly distributed; the center lines L2 of each two adjacent S-pole magnetic tiles 3 are The angles ⁇ formed by the lines L3 are all equal, so that the S-pole magnetic tiles 3 in the S-pole region are equidistantly distributed; the equidistant distribution of the N-pole magnetic tiles 2 and the S-pole magnetic tiles 3 facilitates the processing of the rotor core.
  • Embodiment 4 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 4:
  • the present embodiment is improved on the basis of the first or second embodiment, as shown in FIG20 , in the present embodiment, the sizes of the N-pole magnetic tiles 2 in the N-pole region are equal, and the sizes of the first core poles 13 are unequal, so that the angle ⁇ formed by the center lines L4 of the two adjacent N-pole magnetic tiles 2 are unequal, that is, the N-pole magnetic tiles 2 in the N-pole region are not equidistantly distributed, so that an asymmetric magnetic circuit is formed in the N-pole region; the sizes of the S-pole magnetic tiles 3 in the S-pole region are equal, and the sizes of the second core poles 14 are unequal, so that the angle ⁇ formed by the center lines L5 of the two adjacent S-pole magnetic tiles 3 are not equal, that is, the S-pole magnetic tiles 3 in the S-pole region are not equidistantly distributed, so that an asymmetric magnetic circuit is formed in the S-pole region; by offsetting the magnetic tiles in the N-pole region and the S-pole region to
  • This embodiment is based on the first or second embodiment, and the structure of the magnetic circuit blocking between the N magnetic pole region and the S magnetic pole region is modified.
  • the rotor core 1 is composed of two arc-shaped core segments 15, and a gap is left between the corresponding ends of the two arc-shaped core segments 15 to form an air gap.
  • the air gap corresponds to the boundary between the N magnetic pole region and the S magnetic pole region.
  • the air gap is used to block the magnetic circuit between the N magnetic pole region and the S magnetic pole region. Under the premise of ensuring that the main magnetic flux path is not affected, this scheme avoids the use of tangentially magnetized magnetic tiles, thereby saving costs.
  • the N-pole magnetic tiles 2 and the S-pole magnetic tiles 3 on both sides of the boundary between the N magnetic pole region and the S magnetic pole region are fitted together, and the N-pole magnetic tiles 2 and the S-pole magnetic tiles 3 on both sides of the boundary are fitted together to facilitate the assembly of the segmented structure of the rotor core 1 and save the volume of the rotor core 1; in addition, it should be noted that the two arc-shaped core segments 15 can be shaped during installation through the restrictions of the motor casing and the N-pole magnetic tiles 2 and the S-pole magnetic tiles 3 on both sides of the boundary between the N magnetic pole region and the S magnetic pole region.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机，包括转子组件，转子组件包括转子铁芯、第一组磁瓦和第二组磁瓦，沿转子铁芯的中心线L1将转子铁芯划分成第一区域和第二区域，于第一区域内、转子铁芯的顶面凸出有第一铁芯极，于第二区域内、转子铁芯的顶面凸出有第二铁芯极；第一组磁瓦安装在第一区域内、沿圆周分布且轴向充磁，第一组磁瓦包括N极磁瓦，N极磁瓦与第一铁芯极交替布局形成N磁极区；第二组磁瓦安装在第二区域内、沿圆周分布且轴向充磁，第二组磁瓦包括S极磁瓦，S极磁瓦与第二铁芯极交替布局形成S磁极区；其中，N极磁瓦与S极磁瓦数量相等使N磁极区的漏磁与S磁极区的漏磁可相互中和，以避免漏磁。

Description

一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机 技术领域
本发明属于盘式电机的技术领域，具体涉及一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机。
背景技术
如图1所示，传统的盘式电机包括定子组件10A和转子组件20A，定子组件10A和转子组件20A通过轴向磁场耦合，转子组件20A包括转子铁芯1A、多个N极性磁瓦2A和多个S极性磁瓦3A，多个N极性磁瓦2A和多个S极性磁瓦3A安装在转子铁芯1A上，并沿同一圆周分布，其中，多个N极性磁瓦2A和多个S极性磁瓦3A交替布局，关于传统的盘式电机的磁路和等效磁路模型可参考图2和图3；从图2可以看出，传统的盘式电机相邻的N极性磁瓦2A和S极性磁瓦3A之间除了会形成主磁通路径外，还会产生漏磁，而且现有结构的盘式电机磁瓦用量多，导致电机的制造成本增多。
在后续研究中，为了降低盘式电机的磁瓦用量，提出了交替极结构，即只保留某一单一极性的磁瓦(如N极或者S极)，另一极采用铁芯极(由在形成磁回路的过程中在转子铁心对应位置上形成)，具体可参考图4，现有的交替极盘式电机包括定子组件10A和转子组件20A，定子组件10A和转子组件20A通过轴向磁场耦合，转子组件20A包括转子铁芯1A和多个磁瓦4A，多个磁瓦4A安装在转子铁芯1A上，转子铁芯1A的顶面凸出有多个铁芯极11A，多个磁瓦4A与多个铁芯极11A沿同一圆周分布，且多个磁瓦4A与多个铁芯极11A交替布局，其中，所有磁瓦4A为S极性磁瓦或者N极性磁瓦，关于一般形式的交替极盘式电机的磁路和等效磁路模型可参考图5和图6；从图5可以看出，相邻的磁瓦4A和铁芯极11A之间除了会形成主磁通路径外，还会产生漏磁；虽然交替极结构能够有效减少电机的磁瓦用量，降低电机成本，但是磁瓦的单极性(磁场同一方向)布局会面临漏磁的问题，导致轴、轴承等部件磁化，影响电机寿命，对电机的可靠性负的面影响较大；另外，盘式电机的发展越来越偏向于高转矩密度这一方向，故盘式电机都以提高功率密度、提高转矩密度为前提来进行设计。
经检索，目前市面上已出现了一种轴向磁场交替极无刷混合励磁电机，具体可参考专利号为：202110383751.6，专利名称为：一种轴向磁场交替极无刷混合励磁电机的发明专利，该方案采用交流励磁绕组，省去电刷和滑环，实现无刷化励磁，降低电机的成本，提高可靠性，但该方案所描述的轴向磁场交替极无刷混合励磁电机只是在定子的交流励磁绕组对 主磁场进行增磁和弱磁的过程中利用到铁心极，主磁通磁场(永磁磁场)还是由N极和S极构成，即该方案提供的励磁电机不构成交替极结构，不可以认为是通过交替极结构来减少盘式电机的磁瓦用量。
因此，目前有必要发明一种可避免漏磁，可靠性高，功率密度高的带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种可避免漏磁，可靠性高，功率密度高的带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
本发明的目的是提供一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机，包括定子组件和转子组件，定子组件和转子组件通过轴向磁场耦合，转子组件包括转子铁芯、第一组磁瓦和第二组磁瓦，沿转子铁芯的中心线L1将转子铁芯划分成第一区域和第二区域，于第一区域内、转子铁芯的顶面凸出设置有多个周向间隔分布的第一铁芯极，于第二区域内、转子铁芯的顶面凸出设置有多个周向间隔分布的第二铁芯极；第一组磁瓦安装在第一区域内且沿圆周分布并轴向充磁，第一组磁瓦包括多个N极磁瓦，多个N极磁瓦与多个第一铁芯极交替布局形成N磁极区；第二组磁瓦安装在第二区域内且沿圆周分布并轴向充磁，第二组磁瓦包括多个S极磁瓦，多个S极磁瓦与多个第二铁芯极交替布局形成S磁极区；其中，N极磁瓦与S极磁瓦数量相等使N磁极区的漏磁与S磁极区的漏磁可相互中和，以避免漏磁。
优选地，所述盘式电机还包括第三组磁瓦，第三组磁瓦安装在所述转子铁芯上、沿圆周分布且切向充磁，第三组磁瓦布局在所述N磁极区与所述S磁极区的分界处。
优选地，所述第三组磁瓦由两个磁瓦A沿圆周分布组成，所述转子铁芯由两个弧形铁芯段组成，两个弧形铁芯段对应的端部之间留有间隙用以安装磁瓦A。
优选地，所述磁瓦A包括第一磁块和第二磁块，第一磁块和第二磁块沿所述转子铁芯的径向方向自外往内排布，其中，第二磁块的宽度小于第一磁块的宽度。
优选地，所述第一磁块的截面形状和所述第二磁块的截面形状均为长方形。
优选地，所述N极磁瓦设置有4个，所述S极磁瓦设置有4个。
优选地，N磁极区内的所有N极磁瓦的大小相等，所有第一铁芯极的大小相等，使N磁极区内的N极磁瓦等距分布，以使N磁极区内构成对称磁路；S磁极区内的所有S极磁瓦的大小相等，所有第二铁芯极的大小相等，使S磁极区内的S极磁瓦等距分布，以使S磁极区内构成对称磁路。
优选地，N磁极区内的N极磁瓦的大小不相等，第一铁芯极的大小也不相等，以使N磁极区内构成不对称磁路；每相邻的两个N极磁瓦的中心线L2所形成的夹角α均相等，以使N磁极区内的N极磁瓦等距分布；S磁极区内的S极磁瓦的大小不相等，第二铁芯极的大小也不相等，以使S磁极区内构成不对称磁路；每相邻的两个S极磁瓦的中心线L3所形成的夹角β均相等，以使S磁极区内的S极磁瓦等距分布。
优选地，N磁极区内的N极磁瓦的大小相等，第一铁芯极的大小不相等，使相邻的两个N极磁瓦的中心线L4所形成的夹角γ不相等，即N磁极区内的N极磁瓦非等距分布，以使N磁极区内构成不对称磁路；S磁极区内的S极磁瓦的大小相等，第二铁芯极的大小不相等，使相邻的两个S极磁瓦的中心线L5所形成的夹角δ不相等，即S磁极区内的S极磁瓦非等距分布，以使S磁极区内构成不对称磁路。
优选地，所述转子铁芯由两个弧形铁芯段组成，两个弧形铁芯段对应的端部之间留有间隙以形成气隙，气隙与所述N磁极区与所述S磁极区的分界处对应，气隙用以阻隔所述N磁极区与所述S磁极区之间的磁路。
优选地，位于所述N磁极区与所述S磁极区的分界处两侧的N极磁瓦与S极磁瓦相互贴合在一起。
优选地，所述转子组件设置有1个或者2个，当所述转子组件设置有2个时，2个所述转子组件分别分布在所述定子组件的两端。
本发明与现有技术相比，有以下优点：
1、本发明提供的带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机，通过将第一组磁瓦安装在第一区域内，第二组磁瓦安装在第二区域内，第一区域内的多个N极磁瓦与多个第一铁芯极交替布局形成N磁极区，第二区域内的多个S极磁瓦与多个第二铁芯极交替布局形成S磁极区，通过采用“分区域”的交替极结构的方式保留盘式电机交替极转子的优势，同一区域内部只有一种极性的磁瓦，区域与区域之间磁瓦的极性相反，且N极磁瓦与S极磁瓦数量相等可使N磁极区的漏磁与S磁极区的漏磁可相互中和，使用这种混合式交替极结构能够有效避免交替极结构下的单极性漏磁，从而避免电机零部(如转轴、轴承等)的磁化，进而可提升电机系统的可靠性。
2、本发明提供的带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机，通过在转子铁芯上安装第三组磁瓦，第三组磁瓦沿圆周分布且切向充磁，且第三组磁瓦布局在N磁极区与S磁极区的分界处，在N磁极区与S磁极区之间设置有切向充磁的磁瓦，可以限制“跨区域”的磁路，保证主磁通路径不受影响，保证电机极对数，从而使定子组件的定子铁芯的轭部不受跨 区域磁路带来的饱和问题的影响，第三组磁瓦的设置起到增强气隙磁密的作用，还能够对磁路形成一定的补充，从而提高功率密度。
3、本发明的其它优点在说明书实施例部分做详细的描述。
附图说明
图1为现有技术提供的传统的盘式电机的结构示意图；
图2为现有技术提供的传统的盘式电机的磁路示意图；
图3为现有技术提供的传统的盘式电机的等效磁路模型示意图；
图4为现有技术提供的交替极盘式电机的结构示意图；
图5为现有技术提供的交替极盘式电机的磁路示意图；
图6为现有技术提供的交替极盘式电机的等效磁路模型示意图；
图7为现有技术提供的交替极盘式电机的实验示意图；
图8为现有技术提供的交替极盘式电机漏磁的实验示意图；
图9为现有技术提供的传统的盘式电机的实验示意图；
图10为现有技术提供的传统的盘式电机不漏磁的实验示意图；
图11为本发明实施例一提供的盘式电机的立体结构示意图；
图12为本发明实施例一提供的盘式电机的分解结构示意图；
图13为本发明实施例一提供的盘式电机的磁路示意图；
图14为本发明实施例一提供的盘式电机的立体结构示意图(含磁瓦A)；
图15为本发明实施例一提供的盘式电机的分解结构示意图(含磁瓦A)；
图16为本发明实施例一提供的盘式电机的磁路示意图(含磁瓦A)；
图17为本发明实施例一提供的盘式电机带切向充磁的磁瓦A对磁通路径3和磁通路径4的影响的磁路示意图；
图18为本发明实施例一提供的转子组件的结构示意图；
图19为本发明实施例三提供的转子组件的结构示意图；
图20为本发明实施例四提供的转子组件的结构示意图；
图21为本发明实施例五提供的转子组件的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出 创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
将传统的盘式电机改为交替极盘式电机理论分析如下：
如图1所示，传统的盘式电机包括定子组件10A和转子组件20A，定子组件10A和转子组件20A通过轴向磁场耦合，转子组件20A包括转子铁芯1A、多个N极性磁瓦2A和多个S极性磁瓦3A，多个N极性磁瓦2A和多个S极性磁瓦3A安装在转子铁芯1A上，并沿同一圆周分布，其中，多个N极性磁瓦2A和多个S极性磁瓦3A交替布局；关于传统的盘式电机的磁路和等效磁路模型可参考图2和图3；图2和图3中，关于定、转子铁芯的磁阻并没有列出，理由是相较于气隙磁阻和磁瓦磁阻，铁芯的磁阻很小，可以忽略不记，根据基尔霍夫定律，气隙中的磁通可以被计算出，计算主磁通模型时，由于漏磁较小，可以暂时忽略，磁路中的一些特征可以表示为：
Φrem＝Φg+Φm
Φg·2Rg＝Φm·2Rm
其中，Φrem为永磁体剩磁，Φg为气隙磁通，Φm为PM磁通，Rg为气隙磁阻，Rm为PM磁阻。
如图4所示，一般形式的交替极盘式电机包括定子组件10A和转子组件20A，定子组件10A和转子组件20A通过轴向磁场耦合，转子组件20A包括转子铁芯1A和多个磁瓦4A，多个磁瓦4A安装在转子铁芯1A上，转子铁芯1A的顶面凸出有多个铁芯极11A，多个磁瓦4A与多个铁芯极11A沿同一圆周分布，且多个磁瓦4A与多个铁芯极11A交替布局，其中，磁瓦4A为S极性磁瓦或者N极性磁瓦；关于一般形式的交替极盘式电机的磁路和等效磁路模型可参考图5和图6；与上述传统的盘式电机的分析相类似，一般形式的交替极盘式电机的定、转子铁心磁阻可以忽略，根据基尔霍夫定律，可建立以下特征：
Φrem＝Φg_c+Φm_c
Φg·(Rg_m+Rm_i)＝Φm_c·Rm_c
其中，Φrem为永磁体剩磁，Φg_C为交替极气隙磁通，Φm_c为交替极的PM磁通，Rg_m为PM极相对的气隙磁阻，Rm_i为铁极(Iron pole)相对的气隙磁阻。
在不改变气隙、电机尺寸等因素的情况下，从传统的盘式电机改为交替极盘式电机，存在以下关系：
Rg_m+Rm_i＝2·Rg
气隙磁密可以化简为：
Φg＝Φrem·【Rm/(Rm+2·Rg)】
结合上述的磁路进行分析，在将传统的盘式电机改为交替极盘式电机的过程中，由于其中一级被改为铁芯极，而铁芯极磁阻小，在不改变磁瓦高度的情况下，要达到相同的气隙磁密，只需要适当增加交替极中磁瓦的宽度(极弧系数)，由于磁路中磁阻小，所以流到气隙的磁通阻力小，可以满足气隙磁密的要求，虽然交替极每一极对中的磁瓦可能略大于传统的盘式电机，但是原传统的盘式电机每一极对包括两块磁瓦(即包含N极磁瓦和S极磁瓦)，而交替极只有一块(即只包含N极磁瓦或S极磁瓦，图4至图6中以N极磁瓦为例)，而电机的平均转矩与气隙磁密相关，如果用更少的磁瓦，能够完成相同的气隙磁密，这就达到了降低磁瓦用量的目的，也就是交替极电机的主要特点之一，但一般形式的交替极盘式电机由于磁瓦的单极性(磁场同一方向)布局会面临漏磁的问题，导致轴、轴承等部件磁化(具体可参考图7和图8的实验示意图，图7和图8中的磁瓦只包含一种极性的磁瓦，从图8可知道转轴能够将铁屑5A吸住)，影响电机寿命，对电机可靠性负面影响较大；而传统的盘式电机由于电机里的磁瓦包含N极磁瓦和S极磁瓦，N极磁瓦和S极磁瓦的极性相反，所以漏磁的方向也相反，形成中和，使得N极磁瓦和S极磁瓦的漏磁基本不会造成电机转轴等零部件的磁化(具体可参考图9和图10的实验示意图，从图10可以知道电机转轴无法吸引铁屑5A)。
实施例一：
针对一般形式的交替极盘式电机容易漏磁的问题，本实施例提供了一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机，如图11至图13所示，所述盘式电机包括定子组件10和1个转子组件20，定子组件10和转子组件20通过轴向磁场耦合，转子组件20包括转子铁芯1、第一组磁瓦和第二组磁瓦，沿转子铁芯1的中心线L1将转子铁芯1划分成第一区域11和第二区域12，于第一区域11内、转子铁芯1的顶面凸出设置有多个周向间隔分布的第一铁芯极13，于第二区域12内、转子铁芯1的顶面凸出设置有多个周向间隔分布的第二铁芯极14；第一组磁瓦安装在第一区域11内、沿圆周分布且轴向充磁，第一组磁瓦包括多个N极磁瓦2，多个N极磁瓦2与多个第一铁芯极13交替布局形成N磁极区；第二组磁瓦安装在第二区域12内、沿圆周分布且轴向充磁，第二组磁瓦包括多个S极磁瓦3，多个S极磁瓦3与多个第二铁芯极14交替布局形成S磁极区；其中，N极磁瓦2与S极磁瓦3数量相等使N磁极区的漏磁与S磁极区的漏磁可相互中和，以避免电机零部件的磁化；作为一个优选方案，N极磁瓦2设置有4个，S极磁瓦3设置有4个，且位于N磁极区与S磁极区的分界处两侧的N极磁瓦2与S极磁瓦3相互贴合在一起，能节省转子铁芯1的体积；在本实施例中，N磁极区内的所有N极磁瓦2的大小相等，所有第一铁芯极13的大小相等，使N磁极区内的N 极磁瓦2等距分布，以使N磁极区内构成对称磁路(参考图18)；S磁极区内的所有S极磁瓦3的大小相等，所有第二铁芯极14的大小相等，使S磁极区内的S极磁瓦3等距分布，以使S磁极区内构成对称磁路(参考图18)；需说明的是，N磁极区与S磁极区是对称的，即对应位置上的N极磁瓦2与S极磁瓦3、第一铁芯极13与第二铁芯极14的大小相等。
该方案提供的带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机，通过将第一组磁瓦安装在第一区域11内，第二组磁瓦安装在第二区域12内，第一区域11内的多个N极磁瓦2与多个第一铁芯极13交替布局形成N磁极区，第二区域12内的多个S极磁瓦3与多个第二铁芯极14交替布局形成S磁极区，使每个区域内部构成交替极，通过采用“分区域”的交替极结构的方式保留盘式电机交替极转子的优势，同一区域内部只有一种极性的磁瓦，区域与区域之间磁瓦的极性相反，且N极磁瓦2与S极磁瓦3数量相等可使N磁极区的漏磁与S磁极区的漏磁可相互中和，使用这种混合式交替极结构能够有效避免交替极结构下的单极性漏磁，从而避免电机零部(如转轴、轴承等)的磁化。
本方案电机采用混合式交替极，在能够保留电机交替极的优势(可减少磁瓦的用量)的同时，还能避免漏磁，从而避免对电机零部件造成磁化，进而可提升电机系统可靠性。
作为一个优选方案，如图14至图16所示，所述盘式电机还包括第三组磁瓦，第三组磁瓦安装在所述转子铁芯1上、沿圆周分布且切向充磁，第三组磁瓦布局在所述N磁极区与所述S磁极区的分界处，在N磁极区与S磁极区之间设置有切向充磁的磁瓦，可以限制“跨区域”的磁路，保证主磁通路径不受影响，保证电机极对数，从而使定子组件10的定子铁芯的轭部不受跨区域磁路带来的饱和问题的影响，第三组磁瓦的设置起到增强气隙磁密的作用，还能够对磁路形成一定的补充，从而提高功率密度。
切向充磁的磁瓦对N磁极区与S磁极区起到间隔作用，如图14至图16所示，N磁极区与S磁极区之间设置了切向充磁的磁瓦，切向充磁的磁瓦对于磁路的构建十分必要。假如N磁极区与S磁极区之间不设置切向充磁的磁瓦，N磁极区与S磁极区之间的磁路如图13所示，以区域相邻部分为例，磁通路径1、磁通路径2是电机的主磁通路径，起主要作用，磁通路径3和磁通路径4会对电机磁极组合、定子轭部饱和情况产生负面影响。设置切向充磁的磁瓦能够有效切断磁通路径3和磁通路径4，消除这两部分磁通路径带来的影响，见图16；另外，切向充磁的磁瓦的方向也是需要注意的，要设置成阻碍磁通路径3和磁通路径4的方向(正对方向)，见图17，磁通路径3和磁通路径4并不能存在于设置了切向 充磁的磁瓦的混合式交替极的盘式电机中。
作为一个优选方案，如图15所示，所述第三组磁瓦由两个磁瓦A4沿圆周分布组成，所述转子铁芯1由两个弧形铁芯段15组成，两个弧形铁芯段15对应的端部之间留有间隙用以安装磁瓦A4，结构简单，组装方便。
作为一个优选方案，如图15所示，所述磁瓦A4包括第一磁块41和第二磁块42，第一磁块41和第二磁块42沿所述转子铁芯1的径向方向自外往内排布，其中，第二磁块42的宽度小于第一磁块41的宽度，由于盘式电机的内、外径不相等，将磁瓦A4设计成分块式磁瓦，磁瓦在内径处略小，外径处略大，使磁瓦大小可不用受限于内径尺寸，且能充分利用外径处空间充足的优势，使外径处更宽的磁瓦能够进一步增加电机的气隙磁密和功率密度。
具体地，所述第一磁块41的截面形状和所述第二磁块42的截面形状均为长方形。
实施例二：
本实施例是在实施例一的基础上进行改造的，在本实施例中，所述转子组件20设置有2个，2个所述转子组件20分别分布在所述定子组件10的两端以构成双转子电机。
实施例三：
本实施例是在实施例一或者实施例二的基础上进行改良的，如图19所示，在本实施例中，N磁极区内的N极磁瓦2的大小不相等，第一铁芯极13的大小也不相等，以使N磁极区内构成不对称磁路，具体地，位于N磁极区的边缘位置的两块N极磁瓦2与位于N磁极区的中间位置的N极磁瓦2大小不相等，在本实施例中，位于N磁极区的边缘位置的N极磁瓦2的面积小于位于N磁极区的中间位置的N极磁瓦2的面积，其中，位于N磁极区的边缘位置的两块N极磁瓦2的大小相等，位于N磁极区的中间位置的所有N极磁瓦2的大小相等；S磁极区内的S极磁瓦3的大小不相等，第二铁芯极14的大小也不相等，以使S磁极区内构成不对称磁路，具体地，位于S磁极区的边缘位置的两块S极磁瓦3与位于S磁极区的中间位置的S极磁瓦3大小不相等，在本实施例中，位于S磁极区的边缘位置的S极磁瓦3的面积小于位于S磁极区的中间位置的S极磁瓦3的面积，其中，位于S磁极区的边缘位置的两块S极磁瓦3的大小相等，位于S磁极区的中间位置的所有S极磁瓦3的大小相等；通过使N磁极区和S磁极区内构成不对称磁路从而可降低气隙磁密谐波，降低转矩脉动。
如图19所示，作为一个优选方案，每相邻的两个N极磁瓦2的中心线L2所形成的夹角α均相等，以使N磁极区内的N极磁瓦2等距分布；每相邻的两个S极磁瓦3的中心 线L3所形成的夹角β均相等，以使S磁极区内的S极磁瓦3等距分布；N极磁瓦2与S极磁瓦3的等距分布便于转子铁芯的加工。
实施例四：
本实施例是在实施例一或者实施例二的基础上进行改良的，如图20所示，在本实施例中，N磁极区内的N极磁瓦2的大小相等，第一铁芯极13的大小不相等，使相邻的两个N极磁瓦2的中心线L4所形成的夹角γ不相等，即N磁极区内的N极磁瓦2非等距分布，以使N磁极区内构成不对称磁路；S磁极区内的S极磁瓦3的大小相等，第二铁芯极14的大小不相等，使相邻的两个S极磁瓦3的中心线L5所形成的夹角δ不相等，即S磁极区内的S极磁瓦3非等距分布，以使S磁极区内构成不对称磁路；通过使N磁极区与S磁极区内的磁瓦发生偏移以构成区域内不对称的磁路，从而可降低气隙磁密谐波，降低转矩脉动。
实施例五：
本实施例是在实施例一或者实施例二的基础上对N磁极区与S磁极区之间的磁路阻隔的结构进行改造的，如图21所示，在本实施例中，所述转子铁芯1由两个弧形铁芯段15组成，两个弧形铁芯段15对应的端部之间留有间隙以形成气隙，气隙与所述N磁极区与所述S磁极区的分界处对应，气隙用以阻隔所述N磁极区与所述S磁极区之间的磁路，本方案在保证主磁通路径不受影响的前提下，避免使用切向充磁的磁瓦，从而节约成本；需说明的是，虽然采用气隙替代切向充磁的磁瓦阻隔N磁极区与S磁极区之间的磁路会对电机的功率密度有所影响，但在不追求极致的功率密度的前提下，本方案也能满足高功率密度的需求。
如图21所示，作为一个优选方案，位于所述N磁极区与所述S磁极区的分界处两侧的N极磁瓦2与S极磁瓦3相互贴合在一起，将分界处两侧的N极磁瓦2与S极磁瓦3相互贴合，以便于满足转子铁芯1的分段结构的组装，还能节省转子铁芯1的体积；另外，需说明的是，两个弧形铁芯段15在安装时可通过电机机壳及N磁极区与S磁极区的分界处两侧的N极磁瓦2与S极磁瓦3的限制来实现定型。
以上实施例为本发明的较佳实施方式，但本发明的实施方式不限于此，其他任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机，包括定子组件(10)和转子组件(20)，定子组件(10)和转子组件(20)通过轴向磁场耦合，其特征在于，转子组件(20)包括：
    转子铁芯(1)，沿转子铁芯(1)的中心线L1将转子铁芯(1)划分成第一区域(11)和第二区域(12)，于第一区域(11)内、转子铁芯(1)的顶面凸出设置有多个周向间隔分布的第一铁芯极(13)，于第二区域(12)内、转子铁芯(1)的顶面凸出设置有多个周向间隔分布的第二铁芯极(14)；
    第一组磁瓦，第一组磁瓦安装在第一区域(11)内且沿圆周分布并轴向充磁，第一组磁瓦包括多个N极磁瓦(2)，多个N极磁瓦(2)与多个第一铁芯极(13)交替布局形成N磁极区；
    第二组磁瓦，第二组磁瓦安装在第二区域(12)内且沿圆周分布并轴向充磁，第二组磁瓦包括多个S极磁瓦(3)，多个S极磁瓦(3)与多个第二铁芯极(14)交替布局形成S磁极区；
    其中，N极磁瓦(2)与S极磁瓦(3)数量相等使N磁极区的漏磁与S磁极区的漏磁可相互中和，以避免漏磁。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机，其特征在于：还包括第三组磁瓦，第三组磁瓦安装在所述转子铁芯(1)上、沿圆周分布且切向充磁，第三组磁瓦布局在所述N磁极区与所述S磁极区的分界处。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机，其特征在于：所述第三组磁瓦由两个磁瓦A(4)沿圆周分布组成，所述转子铁芯(1)由两个弧形铁芯段(15)组成，两个弧形铁芯段(15)对应的端部之间留有间隙用以安装磁瓦A(4)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机，其特征在于：所述磁瓦A(4)包括第一磁块(41)和第二磁块(42)，第一磁块(41)和第二磁块(42)沿所述转子铁芯(1)的径向方向自外往内排布，其中，第二磁块(42)的宽度小于第一磁块(41)的宽度。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机，其特征在于：所述第一磁块(41)的截面形状和所述第二磁块(42)的截面形状均为长方形。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机，其特征在于：所述N极磁瓦(2)设置有4个，所述S极磁瓦(3)设置有4个。
  7. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机，其特征 在于：位于所述N磁极区与所述S磁极区的分界处两侧的N极磁瓦(2)与S极磁瓦(3)相互贴合在一起。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机，其特征在于：N磁极区内的所有N极磁瓦(2)的大小相等，所有第一铁芯极(13)的大小相等，使N磁极区内的N极磁瓦(2)等距分布，以使N磁极区内构成对称磁路；
    S磁极区内的所有S极磁瓦(3)的大小相等，所有第二铁芯极(14)的大小相等，使S磁极区内的S极磁瓦(3)等距分布，以使S磁极区内构成对称磁路。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机，其特征在于：N磁极区内的N极磁瓦(2)的大小不相等，第一铁芯极(13)的大小也不相等，以使N磁极区内构成不对称磁路；使N磁极区内的N极磁瓦(2)等距分布；
    S磁极区内的S极磁瓦(3)的大小不相等，第二铁芯极(14)的大小也不相等，以使S磁极区内构成不对称磁路；S磁极区内的S极磁瓦(3)等距分布。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机，其特征在于：N磁极区内的N极磁瓦(2)的大小相等，第一铁芯极(13)的大小不相等，使相邻的两个N极磁瓦(2)的中心线L4所形成的夹角γ不相等，即N磁极区内的N极磁瓦(2)非等距分布，以使N磁极区内构成不对称磁路；
    S磁极区内的S极磁瓦(3)的大小相等，第二铁芯极(14)的大小不相等，使相邻的两个S极磁瓦(3)的中心线L5所形成的夹角δ不相等，即S磁极区内的S极磁瓦(3)非等距分布，以使S磁极区内构成不对称磁路。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机，其特征在于：所述转子铁芯(1)由两个弧形铁芯段(15)组成，两个弧形铁芯段(15)对应的端部之间留有间隙以形成气隙，气隙与所述N磁极区与所述S磁极区的分界处对应，气隙用以阻隔所述N磁极区与所述S磁极区之间的磁路。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机，其特征在于：位于所述N磁极区与所述S磁极区的分界处两侧的N极磁瓦(2)与S极磁瓦(3)相互贴合在一起。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机，其特征在于：所述转子组件(20)设置有1个或者2个，当所述转子组件(20)设置有2个时，2个所述转子组件(20)分别分布在所述定子组件(10)的两端。
PCT/CN2023/080953 2023-01-09 2023-03-11 一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机 Ceased WO2024148673A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310023679.5 2023-01-09
CN202310023679.5A CN115833513B (zh) 2023-01-09 2023-01-09 一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024148673A1 true WO2024148673A1 (zh) 2024-07-18

Family

ID=85520395

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2023/080953 Ceased WO2024148673A1 (zh) 2023-01-09 2023-03-11 一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115833513B (zh)
WO (1) WO2024148673A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN120496990A (zh) * 2025-07-18 2025-08-15 通用机械关键核心基础件创新中心(安徽)有限公司 一种爬壁机器人异形磁瓦

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116154995B (zh) * 2023-04-23 2023-07-11 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 全闭合串联磁路的双转子单定子交替极轴向磁通电机

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050179337A1 (en) * 2003-11-10 2005-08-18 Masahiro Hasebe Axial gap electric rotary machine
US20110133596A1 (en) * 2005-01-19 2011-06-09 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Rotor, Axial Gap Type Motor, Method of Driving Motor, and Compressor
JP2012244874A (ja) * 2011-05-24 2012-12-10 Aisin Aw Co Ltd 回転電機
CN210744991U (zh) * 2019-12-17 2020-06-12 常州高尔登科技有限公司 一种电机
CN113078792A (zh) * 2021-04-09 2021-07-06 东南大学 一种轴向磁场交替极无刷混合励磁电机
CN113315282A (zh) * 2021-04-28 2021-08-27 西北工业大学 一种具有优化磁路的盘式电机转子
WO2022085985A1 (ko) * 2020-10-20 2022-04-28 삼성전자주식회사 컨시퀀트 극형 매입 영구자석 모터
CN216530782U (zh) * 2021-11-29 2022-05-13 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 一种盘式电机的转子组件及盘式电机
CN115498841A (zh) * 2022-11-15 2022-12-20 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 一种高转矩密度的盘式电机

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5130947B2 (ja) * 2007-09-11 2013-01-30 ダイキン工業株式会社 アキシャルギャップ型回転電機及び回転駆動装置
JP5041415B2 (ja) * 2007-11-05 2012-10-03 本田技研工業株式会社 アキシャルギャップ型モータ
CN111509879A (zh) * 2019-01-30 2020-08-07 上海盘毂动力科技股份有限公司 转子、电机、电动汽车
IT201900015402A1 (it) * 2019-09-02 2021-03-02 Texa Dynamics S R L “Rotore di motore elettrico”
CN111224476B (zh) * 2019-12-20 2022-07-05 成都理工大学 一种圆盘电机
KR102498790B1 (ko) * 2020-11-23 2023-02-13 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 2분절 쿼시 할박 전동기 회전자
CN112953043A (zh) * 2021-04-02 2021-06-11 刘建 一种定子组件、转子组件及中心盘轴芯双转子电机
CN113437849B (zh) * 2021-07-09 2023-10-24 沈阳工业大学 一种双转子单定子轴向磁通混合励磁电机
CN113746231B (zh) * 2021-08-05 2023-05-23 厦门钨业股份有限公司 盘式永磁磁场调制电机
CN113809851B (zh) * 2021-09-17 2022-12-27 南京理工大学 一种不等极弧系数的轴向磁通永磁电机

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050179337A1 (en) * 2003-11-10 2005-08-18 Masahiro Hasebe Axial gap electric rotary machine
US20110133596A1 (en) * 2005-01-19 2011-06-09 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Rotor, Axial Gap Type Motor, Method of Driving Motor, and Compressor
JP2012244874A (ja) * 2011-05-24 2012-12-10 Aisin Aw Co Ltd 回転電機
CN210744991U (zh) * 2019-12-17 2020-06-12 常州高尔登科技有限公司 一种电机
WO2022085985A1 (ko) * 2020-10-20 2022-04-28 삼성전자주식회사 컨시퀀트 극형 매입 영구자석 모터
CN113078792A (zh) * 2021-04-09 2021-07-06 东南大学 一种轴向磁场交替极无刷混合励磁电机
CN113315282A (zh) * 2021-04-28 2021-08-27 西北工业大学 一种具有优化磁路的盘式电机转子
CN216530782U (zh) * 2021-11-29 2022-05-13 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 一种盘式电机的转子组件及盘式电机
CN115498841A (zh) * 2022-11-15 2022-12-20 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 一种高转矩密度的盘式电机

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN120496990A (zh) * 2025-07-18 2025-08-15 通用机械关键核心基础件创新中心(安徽)有限公司 一种爬壁机器人异形磁瓦

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN115833513A (zh) 2023-03-21
CN115833513B (zh) 2023-07-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN111541325A (zh) 一种轴向磁场永磁电机组合充磁型永磁体内置式转子
JP5385077B2 (ja) 回転電動機
CN108683313B (zh) 一种高功率密度高效率的轴向磁通永磁电机
WO2020034514A1 (zh) 转子组件及交替极电机
WO2024148673A1 (zh) 一种带交替极结构的高转矩密度的盘式电机
WO2021120680A1 (zh) 电机转子和交替极电机
CN105356699B (zh) 一种车用双转子磁通切换电机
JP7230185B2 (ja) ロータ及び永久磁石モータ
CN113131700B (zh) 一种高功率密度轮毂电机结构
CN103929026B (zh) 永磁电机
CN116658520A (zh) 一种外转子径向六极三自由度交直流混合磁轴承及参数设计方法
CN108808910A (zh) 一种内置式混合永磁电机
WO2021022922A1 (zh) 转子组件和交替极电机
CN101588119B (zh) 一种爪极式定子的聚磁式横向磁场电机
CN110838779A (zh) 一种混合励磁绕线转子及混合励磁绕线式同步电机
CN114301203B (zh) 一种高转矩密度磁路串联型转子结构
CN116191804A (zh) 磁极中心结构非对称的组合式磁极永磁发电机
CN205377491U (zh) 电机转子及永磁电机
CN117767610B (zh) 一种双磁路永磁同步电机转子结构
CN210806886U (zh) 永磁同步电机的转子结构
CN102593974A (zh) 一种混合励磁开关磁通电机
CN105305748B (zh) 永磁电机
CN207442555U (zh) 转子组件和永磁电机
CN209948819U (zh) 转子组件和交替极电机
CN117559692B (zh) 一种高转矩密度多向聚磁轴向磁通永磁电机的转子结构

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 23915439

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 23915439

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1