WO2024115858A1 - Device for transporting and pressing grapes - Google Patents

Device for transporting and pressing grapes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024115858A1
WO2024115858A1 PCT/FR2023/051869 FR2023051869W WO2024115858A1 WO 2024115858 A1 WO2024115858 A1 WO 2024115858A1 FR 2023051869 W FR2023051869 W FR 2023051869W WO 2024115858 A1 WO2024115858 A1 WO 2024115858A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tank
plate
pressing
side walls
rear face
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2023/051869
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Roland TOURNIER
Original Assignee
S.E.E. Technoe
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by S.E.E. Technoe filed Critical S.E.E. Technoe
Publication of WO2024115858A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024115858A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12G—WINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
    • C12G1/00—Preparation of wine or sparkling wine
    • C12G1/005—Methods or means to load or unload, to weigh or to sample the vintage; Replenishing; Separation of the liquids from the solids before or after fermentation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
    • A23N1/00—Machines or apparatus for extracting juice
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B1/00—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen
    • B30B1/18—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by screw means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/04—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams
    • B30B9/06—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams co-operating with permeable casings or strainers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/26—Permeable casings or strainers
    • B30B9/262—Permeable casings or strainers means disposed in the casing facilitating the squeezing-out of liquid

Definitions

  • the present disclosure concerns a device for transporting and pressing grapes, particularly fresh harvests.
  • the present disclosure relates to the field of wine production and more particularly the pressing of a fresh harvest to produce wines.
  • the pressing operation is carried out in a cellar.
  • the grapes are harvested in the vineyard and collected in a skip or similar to be transported from the vineyard to the cellar. It is then unloaded and then transferred to a press (or in some cases, to a fermentation tank).
  • a disadvantage of known processes is that they use numerous pieces of equipment which are only used a few weeks a year. This leads to significant but necessary investments such as the purchase of skips for transporting the harvest, pits generally made of concrete, unloading docks often made of stainless steel, pumps for the transfer of the material to be pressed and corresponding transfer pipes and of course one or more press(s), this list being non-exhaustive.
  • This disclosure improves the situation. Its aim is in particular to provide a device allowing optimization of transport and pressing operations of fresh harvest, by limiting the transfer of materials in solid and/or liquid phases and also the equipment necessary to ensure the transport of the harvest and its unloading at a winery.
  • a grape pressing device comprising a tank presenting a body with an overall shape profiled along a longitudinal axis considered horizontal, a front face closing one end of the tank body and a rear face closing the end of the tank body opposite the front face.
  • said tank contains two parallel side walls each extending substantially vertically from the front face to the rear face of the tank;
  • the tank body includes an opening in a part of the tank body called the upper part, said opening allowing grapes to be introduced between the two side walls;
  • the tank further comprises a plate extending substantially horizontally from one side wall to the other and from the front face to the rear face, said plate being movable between the two side walls; and the plate and/or the side walls have at least one area having a grid structure.
  • the plate can be driven in translation by at least two worm screw jacks, each time with a screw extending substantially vertically from the plate towards the outside of the tank by crossing the upper part of the tank body and an endless screw controlling the movement of said vertical screw.
  • the following characteristics can optionally be implemented, independently of each other or in combination with each other:
  • each screw is connected with an endless screw driven in rotation within a return box mounted on the tank body.
  • all the endless screws can be mounted on the same shaft which is rotated by the same hydraulic motor;
  • the plate carries two plates, preferably perforated, forming a dihedral, the screws of the worm screw jacks being partially housed inside said dihedral.
  • the rear face includes a drain valve for extracted liquid
  • the tank includes a valve allowing the introduction of a gas, for example carbon dioxide;
  • the side walls and the mobile plate are each in the form of a grid
  • the pressing device further comprises an integrated cleaning system comprising at least one water supply pipe extending longitudinally inside the tank and disposed in an upper part of the tank, nozzles being distributed along each pipe;
  • the tank body has a substantially elliptical cross section.
  • a device for transporting and pressing grapes characterized in that it comprises:
  • the chassis can be an articulated chassis allowing the tank to be tilted like a skip, and the rear face of the tank can include a drain door intended to allow the evacuation of grounds.
  • An advantageous variant allowing better filling of the tank with fresh harvest provides here that the opening in the upper part of the tank body is arranged in such a way that it is in the high position when the tank is in the tilted position.
  • FIG.l shows a pressing device according to the present disclosure in cross section.
  • FIG.2 shows the device of [Fig.l] in longitudinal section.
  • FIG.3 is an elevation view of a transport and pressing device integrating the device of [Fig.2] with also a tractor.
  • FIG.4 is an illustrative diagram of a filling and draining step of a pressing device.
  • FIG.5 is an illustrative diagram of a pressing step within a pressing device.
  • FIG. 6 [0027] [Fig.6] represents an example of draining juice from a pressing device illustrated in the previous figures.
  • FIG.7 represents an example of unloading dried grounds from a pressing device illustrated in the previous figures.
  • FIG.8 is a sectional view showing the device of [Fig.1] at the end of pressing.
  • FIG.9 is a view similar to [Fig.1] for an alternative embodiment.
  • FIG.10 is a view similar to [Fig.2] for an alternative embodiment.
  • FIG.11 is a view similar to Figures 1 and 9 for another alternative embodiment.
  • the present disclosure firstly concerns an original pressing device.
  • this device is integrated into a transport tank, in particular a tank of the type used to transport a fresh harvest from a vineyard to a cellar.
  • a transport tank in particular a tank of the type used to transport a fresh harvest from a vineyard to a cellar.
  • it is proposed to carry out the pressing using a mobile plate, and moreover in a tank whose axis is oriented horizontally.
  • Tank 2 is made from a tank of known type but has some original characteristics.
  • This tank 2 comprises a body 4 of overall circular cylindrical shape which here has an axis of revolution designated hereinafter as a longitudinal axis. It is assumed in the rest of this description that this longitudinal axis is horizontal in Figures 1 to 5. This orientation of the longitudinal axis corresponds substantially to the orientation of this axis during a pressing operation and/or during of transport.
  • the tank 2 thus has a profiled shape of circular section but other shapes can be envisaged, such as for example an elliptical shape (with the major axis of the ellipse preferably horizontal) as illustrated in [Fig.l 1],
  • the body 4 is closed by a front face 6 and a rear face 8 which can be flat or curved and which therefore extend transversely with respect to the body 4.
  • the adverbs “front” and “rear” are used depending on of the preferential sense of de- placement of the tank 2.
  • the rear face 8 is notably provided with means allowing the contents of the tank 2 to be unloaded.
  • the tank 2 is for example metallic, preferably made of stainless steel and the front face 6 and the rear face 8 are for example welded to the body 4.
  • the tank 2 can have a capacity of between 20 and 200 hl (that is to say between 2 and 20 m 3 ).
  • the tank 2 has an opening 10 ( Figures 3 to 5) made for example in the body 4 in an upper part of said body 4, said opening being provided with a hopper to facilitate filling of the tank 2 and is provided a door ensuring watertight closure of the tank 2 (to allow a pressing operation).
  • the upper part and thus also a top/bottom orientation
  • This upper part of body 4 can also be called “ceiling” of tank 2.
  • this document relates more particularly to an original pressing device integrated into the tank 2 described above.
  • This device is illustrated in particular in Figures 1, 2, 4 and 5.
  • the pressing device firstly comprises a press cage reconstituted in the tank 2. Then, this device comprises a movable plate 12 in said press cage and finally means allowing the plate 12 to be moved in this pressing cage. press.
  • the press cage is adapted inside the tank 2. It mainly comprises two parallel side walls 14 which extend vertically (the vertical orientation is for example given by these walls). These side walls 14 are flat and extend from the front face 6 to the rear face 8 of the tank 2. They are for example made from a metal grid, for example a food stainless steel grid. The lower edge of each of these side walls 4 can be fixed (welded for example, advantageously with the help of reinforcing beams) to the interior face of the body 4.
  • the upper edges of the side walls 14 can also be welded to the interior face of the body 4 and/or be connected together by a curved grid 16 which then forms an upper wall of the press cage, at the level of the ceiling of the tank 2.
  • This curved grid 16 is presented in preferably on the shape of a longitudinal section of a circular cylinder with a radius of curvature adapted to the interior of the tank 2 to be substantially parallel to the body 4.
  • This curved grid 16 is favorable for better pressing, particularly for tanks large capacity but it is optional because the upper part of the body 4 can also serve (as explained below) as a counterpressure surface to carry out pressing.
  • this face can serve as a wall for the press cage or else a grid arranged transversely in the tank 2 can be used at the front to close the press cage.
  • the largest possible surface area of the press cage is made from elements in the form of a grid or perforated plate. This allows for better pressing. However, we would not go beyond the scope of this disclosure if this or that wall of the press cage were a solid wall. Even the entire press cage can in theory be made with solid walls if the plate 12 is at least partially perforated (or made from a grid).
  • the plate 12 is a plate intended to be oriented horizontally ( Figures 1 to 5) and to move between the two side walls 14, on the one hand, and the front face 6 and the rear face 8 or the grids transversal, on the other hand.
  • this plate 12 makes it possible to drain during a pressing operation. In an original manner, it is intended to move in translation (vertical considering that the longitudinal axis of the tank is horizontal) inside the tank 2, along the side walls 14.
  • This plate 12 has thus an external contour adapted to the press cage described above.
  • the shape of this tray is substantially rectangular with two long longitudinal edges arranged along the side walls 14 and its two transverse edges arranged along the front and rear faces (or transverse grids).
  • the plate 12 is preferably perforated so that liquid can pass from one side of the plate 12 to the other.
  • the dimensions of the perforations are suitable for pressing grapes so as to allow the flow of grape juice (fermented or not) without allowing the passage of solid materials (skin and seeds, or marc) through said perforations.
  • a filtration cloth (not shown) is placed on the face of this plate 12, when it is perforated, facing the upper part of the body 4 (and/or facing the curved grid 16 in the illustrated embodiment).
  • This filtration fabric is for example a woven or double woven fabric. It can for example be made of nylon, polyester, polypropylene and/or fluorinated materials such as polyvinylidene fluoride or polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the plate 12 can receive such a filtration cloth on its two opposite faces. If the plate 12 carries a filtration cloth on at least one of its faces, the juice resulting from a pressing operation will also be filtered. A subsequent filtration/clarification step can then be avoided during a winemaking process (not described in this di- vulgarity).
  • This system has three worm screw jacks.
  • the number of cylinders can be adapted (preferably at least two) depending on the size of the tank 2 and therefore the quantity of grapes to be pressed in one pressing operation.
  • [Eig.1] illustrates one of the three worm screw jacks in the tank 2 illustrated.
  • This system comprises a screw 18 controlled by an endless screw 20 placed outside the tank 2, on the exterior face of the body 4.
  • the screw 18 extends vertically (and perpendicular to the plate 12) upwards.
  • the screw 18 is fixed to the plate 12 and passes through the body 4 to enter into connection with the endless screw 20.
  • a seal 22 is advantageously provided at the level of the crossing of the body 4 by the screw 18.
  • the length of the screw 18 is determined as a function of the maximum stroke desired for the plate 12.
  • the length of the screw protruding above the endless screw 20 makes it possible to know the position of the plate 12 in the tank 2.
  • the endless screw 20 is mounted longitudinally on a horizontal (and longitudinal) drive shaft 24 driven by a motor 26, preferably hydraulic ([Eig.2]).
  • the drive shaft 24 each passes through a return housing 28 housing the endless screw 20.
  • the endless screw 20 rotates a nut which in turn acts on the screw 18 to move in translation. Screw 18 thus forms the “stem” of the worm screw jack.
  • the three worm systems operate synchronously.
  • each plate 30 is arranged longitudinally in the tank 2 and has a lower longitudinal edge mounted on the plate 12. These two longitudinal edges are slightly spaced apart from each other and the plates 30 approach each other towards the top. The two upper longitudinal edges of the plates 30 are connected and a seal is produced between each screw 18 and the dihedral formed by the plates 30. The two plates 30 thus cover a base of each screw 18 fixed to the plate 12. These two plates 30 form an inverted V which prevents harvest to come to the feet of the screws 18.
  • the height of the plates 30 is chosen in such a way that it does not limit the travel of the plate 12 during a pressing operation.
  • Each of the plates 30 is advantageously perforated to allow the juice contained in the grapes to drain at the heart of the solid mass during its pressing.
  • Figures 1 and 2 further show some optional but advantageous accessories that can be fitted to a tank 2 according to the present disclosure.
  • the tank 2 can thus include an injector 32 making it possible to inject carbon dioxide (or another inert gas) into the tank 2 to avoid oxidation of the juices obtained by pressing.
  • an inspection hatch 34 is provided on each side of the tank 2 to access the free space located between a side wall 14 and the body 4 of the tank (on the side opposite to the space between the two side walls 14).
  • the plate 12 is preferably provided with reinforcing brackets 36 on its lower face. This makes it possible to stiffen the plate 12 by limiting its mass.
  • the tank 2 is also provided with a drain valve 38 arranged at a low point of the tank 2.
  • This drain valve 38 is preferably arranged near the rear face 8 of the tank 2.
  • a tilting door 40 pivotally mounted around a pivot axis 42 arranged in the high position on the tank 2.
  • This tilting door 40 can correspond to all or only part of the rear face 8 of the tank 2.
  • This tilting door 40 is also configured to serve as a counterpressure surface during a pressing operation.
  • FIG.3 illustrates the tank 2 of Figures 1 and 2 mounted on a chassis 44, the assembly thus formed by the chassis 44 and the tank 2 forming a transport and pressing device which is coupled in the The illustration of [Fig.3] to a tractor 45.
  • a chassis 44 of a type known in the wine-growing and/or agricultural world with an axle 46 (horizontal and transverse to the tank 2).
  • the tank 2 In the “normal” position illustrated in [Fig.3], the tank 2 is arranged horizontally (or parallel to the ground) when it is mounted on the chassis 44.
  • the chassis 44 is articulated to be able in particular to tilt the tank 2 and facilitate its emptying.
  • FIGS 4 to 6 illustrate a use of the tank 2 mounted on a chassis 44.
  • the transport and pressing device comprising the tank 2 and the chassis 44 is for example placed at the edge of a vineyard during the harvest season. Grapes are harvested and placed in a bin 50 of a known type harvesting machine.
  • FIG.4 illustrates a tank 2 filling operation from a grape harvesting machine tank 50. This operation is classic: the originality in this figure lies in the structure of tank 2 which, as described above, integrates pressing means.
  • the motor 26 was actuated so as to lower it into a low position, preferably at the bottom stop (we assume here that the longitudinal axis of the tank 2 is substantially horizontal and the upward direction low is the natural direction given by Earth's gravity). The harvest is then introduced through the opening 10 into the tank 2.
  • Juice 52 possibly flows from the harvest due to the handling of the grapes.
  • the tank 2 is filled, that is to say more precisely that the space between the side walls 14 is substantially filled.
  • the opening 10 is placed as close as possible to the front face 6. It is then possible to tilt the tank (for example as illustrated in [Fig.6] ... but with the drain valve closed) to bring the harvest towards the rear of the tank and allow the filling of tank 2 to continue until the pressing cage is completely filled. The transport of the harvest to the cellar can then begin.
  • the motor 26 which is here a hydraulic motor has been connected to the hydraulic network of the tractor 45.
  • the actuation of the motor 26 is controlled during transport in such a way that the screws 18 come to pull the tray 12 upwards.
  • the grape is then pressed in the press cage which includes in particular the plate 12, the side walls 14 and the curved grid 16 as well as transverse walls (grids or front and rear faces). For better drainage of the grounds, a majority of the surface of the press cage is perforated as explained above.
  • FIG.7 illustrates the unloading of the marc from the tank 2. When the chassis 44 has a double articulation, this is advantageously used for this unloading operation.
  • This [Fig.7] illustrates an operation for unloading grounds 54. Once the juice has been drained, the tilting door 40 (integral or not) is unlocked and the grounds 54 are emptied into a tray 56 advantageously provided with a grounds pump. 58.
  • FIG.8 is a schematic detail view showing the plate 12 in its upper position. This figure illustrates that the plates 30 in dihedral around the bases of the screws 18 abut against the curved grid 16 and split the grounds into two parts on either side of these plates 30, subsequently facilitating the unloading of the grounds.
  • the tank 2 is provided four pipes 60 arranged in the high position in the tank 2, one in each of the free spaces corresponding to an inspection hatch 34, that is to say in the free spaces located between a side wall 14 and the body 4 of the tank outside the press cage and a pipe 60 each time on either side of the line defined by the screws 18.
  • Each pipe 60 is then provided with nozzles 62 oriented towards the space to be cleaned.
  • the four pipes 60 can be connected together and supplied with water either simultaneously or successively (or two by two, or).
  • FIG.11 illustrates a variant embodiment of tank 2 compared to the embodiment of Figures 9 and 10.
  • This tank 2 here has a generally profiled shape with an elliptical section, the major axis of the ellipse being horizontal.
  • This embodiment is favorable because it makes it possible to obtain a larger opening 10, which then facilitates filling the tank with fresh harvest. This filling is also made easier because the tank is also lower due to its flattened shape.
  • the pressing plate can then have a larger surface area, which also leads to a thinner marc cap Industrial application
  • the pressing device and the transport and pressing device can be applied to the vinification of white and rosé wines and also modern red wines, particularly for the production of vintages of red wines obtained after settling (clarification). . Indeed, the evolution of consumer tastes leads more and more to extract the must and clarify it before fermenting it by putting it back in contact with the marc from which it comes to obtain red wines that are more supple, finer and aromatically clearer.
  • the must like the juice, is extracted and stored away from the air, in an inert atmosphere.
  • a large drainage surface is obtained in relation to the volume of the harvest.
  • the musts, corresponding to approximately 85% of the juice contained in the grapes, are entirely extracted at low pressure without the berry previously undergoing crushing due, for example, to transfer by pumping.
  • the musts can be pressurized during their transfer to a cellar and clarified there by flotation.
  • the marcs containing approximately 15% of the press juice, retain all their polyphenolic potential and can be fully exploited in a red wine vinification process.
  • the proposed pressing device allows excellent control of the pressing operation and a precise degree of drying can be obtained according to the specifications even if the operation is carried out during transport of the harvest.
  • the marc is also easily removed by gravity unloading into a disposal bin.
  • the devices disclosed here also have the advantage of limiting the equipment necessary for winemaking and therefore the investments for the launch of a new wine production. There is no need to provide a press which is permanently in the cellar, and the unloading spaces in the cellar are limited: there is also no need to provide means for pumping the harvest to the fixed press, etc.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a device for pressing grapes comprising a tank (2) having a body (4) with a profiled overall shape along a horizontal longitudinal axis, a front face (6) and a rear face (8) closing the end of the tank body (4). The tank (2) contains two parallel side walls (14) each extending vertically from the front face (6) to the rear face (8). The body (4) comprises an opening (10) in an upper portion of the tank body, the opening (10) allowing the insertion of grapes between the two side walls (14). The tank (2) further comprises a plate (12) extending horizontally from one side wall (14) to the other and from the front face (6) to the rear face (8), the plate (12) being movable between the two side walls (14). The plate (12) and/or the side walls (14) have at least one zone with a grid structure.

Description

Description Description
Titre de l’invention : Dispositif pour le transport et le pressurage de raisins Title of the invention: Device for transporting and pressing grapes
[0001] La présente divulgation concerne un dispositif pour le transport et le pressurage de raisins, notamment de vendange fraîche. [0001] The present disclosure concerns a device for transporting and pressing grapes, particularly fresh harvests.
Domaine technique Technical area
[0002] La présente divulgation relève du domaine de l’élaboration des vins et plus particulièrement du pressurage d’une vendange fraîche pour élaborer des vins. [0002] The present disclosure relates to the field of wine production and more particularly the pressing of a fresh harvest to produce wines.
Technique antérieure Prior art
[0003] Il est connu depuis fort longtemps de réaliser du vin à partir de raisins. De manière classique, du raisin est vendangé, puis transporté dans un chai où le vin est élaboré. Les opérations pour obtenir du vin diffèrent selon que le vin réalisé est un vin blanc (ou rosé) ou bien un vin rouge. Le raisin peut être égrappé (selon que la vendange est manuelle ou mécanique). Il y a aussi une opération de pressurage pour obtenir un jus à faire fermenter. Cette opération de pressurage est traditionnellement précédée d’une phase de macération pour la vinification en rouge. La phase de fermentation comporte plusieurs étapes. Le vin ainsi obtenu à l’issue de la (ou des) phase(s) de fermentation est alors stocké avant d’être conditionné et expédié. [0003] It has been known for a long time to make wine from grapes. Classically, grapes are harvested, then transported to a cellar where the wine is made. The operations to obtain wine differ depending on whether the wine produced is a white wine (or rosé) or a red wine. The grapes can be destemmed (depending on whether the harvest is manual or mechanical). There is also a pressing operation to obtain a juice to ferment. This pressing operation is traditionally preceded by a maceration phase for red vinification. The fermentation phase has several stages. The wine thus obtained at the end of the fermentation phase(s) is then stored before being packaged and shipped.
[0004] Le plus souvent, l’opération de pressurage est réalisée dans un chai. Le raisin est vendangé à la vigne et collecté dans une benne ou similaire pour être transporté de la vigne au chai. Il est alors déchargé puis transféré dans un pressoir (ou dans certains cas, dans une cuve de fermentation). [0004] Most often, the pressing operation is carried out in a cellar. The grapes are harvested in the vineyard and collected in a skip or similar to be transported from the vineyard to the cellar. It is then unloaded and then transferred to a press (or in some cases, to a fermentation tank).
[0005] Un inconvénient des procédés connus est qu’ils mettent en œuvre de nombreux équipements qui ne sont utilisés que quelques semaines dans l’année. Cela conduit à des investissements importants mais nécessaires comme par exemple l’achat de bennes de transport de la vendange, de fosses généralement en béton, de quai de déchargement souvent réalisés en acier inoxydable, de pompes pour le transfert de la matière à presser et des tuyaux de transfert correspondants et bien sûr d’un ou plusieurs pressoir(s), cette liste étant non exhaustive. [0005] A disadvantage of known processes is that they use numerous pieces of equipment which are only used a few weeks a year. This leads to significant but necessary investments such as the purchase of skips for transporting the harvest, pits generally made of concrete, unloading docks often made of stainless steel, pumps for the transfer of the material to be pressed and corresponding transfer pipes and of course one or more press(s), this list being non-exhaustive.
Résumé Summary
[0006] La présente divulgation vient améliorer la situation. Elle a pour but notamment de fournir un dispositif permettant une optimisation des opérations de transport et de pressurage de vendange fraiche, en limitant les transferts de matières en phases solide et/ou liquide et aussi le matériel nécessaire pour assurer le transport de la vendange et son déchargement à un chai. [0006] This disclosure improves the situation. Its aim is in particular to provide a device allowing optimization of transport and pressing operations of fresh harvest, by limiting the transfer of materials in solid and/or liquid phases and also the equipment necessary to ensure the transport of the harvest and its unloading at a winery.
[0007] Il est proposé un dispositif de pressurage de raisins comportant une citerne présentant un corps avec une forme globale profilée le long d’un axe longitudinal considéré horizontal, une face avant fermant une extrémité du corps de citerne et une face arrière fermant l’extrémité du corps de citerne opposé à la face avant. [0007] A grape pressing device is proposed comprising a tank presenting a body with an overall shape profiled along a longitudinal axis considered horizontal, a front face closing one end of the tank body and a rear face closing the end of the tank body opposite the front face.
[0008] De manière originale, ladite citerne contient deux parois latérales parallèles s’étendant chacune sensiblement verticalement depuis la face avant jusqu’à la face arrière de la citerne ; le corps de citerne comporte une ouverture dans une partie du corps de citerne dite partie supérieure, ladite ouverture permettant d’introduire du raisin entre les deux parois latérales ; la citerne comporte en outre un plateau s’étendant sensiblement horizontalement d’une paroi latérale à l’autre et de la face avant à la face arrière, ledit plateau étant mobile entre les deux parois latérales ; et le plateau et/ou les parois latérales présentent au moins une zone présentant une structure de grille. [0008] In an original manner, said tank contains two parallel side walls each extending substantially vertically from the front face to the rear face of the tank; the tank body includes an opening in a part of the tank body called the upper part, said opening allowing grapes to be introduced between the two side walls; the tank further comprises a plate extending substantially horizontally from one side wall to the other and from the front face to the rear face, said plate being movable between the two side walls; and the plate and/or the side walls have at least one area having a grid structure.
[0009] Selon une forme de réalisation préférée, le plateau peut être entrainé en translation par au moins deux vérins à vis sans fin avec à chaque fois une vis s’étendant sensiblement verticalement depuis le plateau vers l’extérieur de la citerne en traversant la partie supérieure du corps de citerne et une vis sans fin commandant le déplacement de ladite vis verticale. Dans cette forme de réalisation, les caractéristiques suivantes peuvent, optionnellement, être mises en œuvre, indépendamment les unes des autres ou en combinaison les unes avec les autres : [0009] According to a preferred embodiment, the plate can be driven in translation by at least two worm screw jacks, each time with a screw extending substantially vertically from the plate towards the outside of the tank by crossing the upper part of the tank body and an endless screw controlling the movement of said vertical screw. In this embodiment, the following characteristics can optionally be implemented, independently of each other or in combination with each other:
[0010] - chaque vis est reliée avec une vis sans fin entrainée en rotation au sein d’un boitier de renvoi monté sur le corps de citerne. Dans ce cas de figure, toutes les vis sans fin peuvent être montées sur un même arbre qui est entrainé en rotation par un même moteur hydraulique ; [0010] - each screw is connected with an endless screw driven in rotation within a return box mounted on the tank body. In this case, all the endless screws can be mounted on the same shaft which is rotated by the same hydraulic motor;
[0011] - le plateau porte deux plaques, de préférence perforées, formant un dièdre, les vis des vérins à vis sans fin étant partiellement logées à l’intérieur dudit dièdre. [0011] - the plate carries two plates, preferably perforated, forming a dihedral, the screws of the worm screw jacks being partially housed inside said dihedral.
[0012] Les caractéristiques exposées dans les paragraphes suivants peuvent, optionnellement, être mises en œuvre, indépendamment les unes des autres ou en combinaison les unes avec les autres pour les formes de réalisation évoquées ci-dessus : [0012] The characteristics set out in the following paragraphs can, optionally, be implemented, independently of each other or in combination with each other for the embodiments mentioned above:
[0013] - la face arrière comporte une vanne de vidange pour du liquide extrait ; [0013] - the rear face includes a drain valve for extracted liquid;
[0014] - la citerne comporte une vanne permettant l’introduction d’un gaz, par exemple du gaz carbonique ; [0014] - the tank includes a valve allowing the introduction of a gas, for example carbon dioxide;
[0015] - les parois latérales et le plateau mobile se présentent chacun sous la forme d’une grille ; [0015] - the side walls and the mobile plate are each in the form of a grid;
[0016] - le dispositif de pressurage comporte en outre un système intégré de nettoyage comportant au moins un tuyau d’alimentation en eau s’étendant longitudinalement à l’intérieur de la citerne et disposé dans une partie supérieure de la citerne, des buses étant réparties le long de chaque tuyau ; [0016] - the pressing device further comprises an integrated cleaning system comprising at least one water supply pipe extending longitudinally inside the tank and disposed in an upper part of the tank, nozzles being distributed along each pipe;
[0017] - le corps de citerne présente une section transversale sensiblement elliptique. [0017] - the tank body has a substantially elliptical cross section.
[0018] Différentes variantes peuvent être envisagées ici. À la place d’un vérin à vis sans fin, un système à crémaillère ou encore un ou des vérin(s) pneumatique(s) ou hydraulique^) pourraient par exemple être envisagés pour l’entrainement en translation du plateau mobile. [0018] Different variants can be considered here. Instead of a worm screw jack, a rack system or even one or more pneumatic or hydraulic jack(s) could for example be considered for driving the mobile plate in translation.
[0019] Selon un autre aspect, il est proposé un dispositif de transport et de pressurage de raisins, caractérisé en ce qu’il comporte : [0019] According to another aspect, a device for transporting and pressing grapes is proposed, characterized in that it comprises:
- un châssis monté sur au moins un essieu définissant un axe d’essieu supposé horizontal, et - a chassis mounted on at least one axle defining a supposedly horizontal axle axis, and
- une citerne telle que décrite ci-dessus, dont l’axe longitudinal considéré horizontal est sensiblement perpendiculaire à l’axe d’essieu. - a tank as described above, the longitudinal axis of which considered horizontal is substantially perpendicular to the axle axis.
[0020] Dans un tel dispositif, le châssis peut être un châssis articulé permettant un basculement de la citerne à la manière d’une benne, et la face arrière de la citerne peut comporter une porte de vidange destinée à permettre l’évacuation de marc. Une variante avantageuse permettant un meilleur remplissage de la citerne avec de la vendange fraiche prévoit ici que l’ouverture dans la partie supérieure du corps de citerne est disposée de telle sorte qu’elle se trouve en position haute lorsque la citerne est en position basculée. [0020] In such a device, the chassis can be an articulated chassis allowing the tank to be tilted like a skip, and the rear face of the tank can include a drain door intended to allow the evacuation of grounds. . An advantageous variant allowing better filling of the tank with fresh harvest provides here that the opening in the upper part of the tank body is arranged in such a way that it is in the high position when the tank is in the tilted position.
Brève description des dessins Brief description of the drawings
[0021] D’autres caractéristiques, détails et avantages apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée ci-après, et à l’analyse des dessins annexés, sur lesquels : Fig. l [0021] Other characteristics, details and advantages will appear on reading the detailed description below, and on analyzing the appended drawings, in which: Fig. L
[0022] [Fig.l] montre un dispositif de pressurage selon la présente divulgation en coupe transversale. [0022] [Fig.l] shows a pressing device according to the present disclosure in cross section.
Fig. 2 Fig. 2
[0023] [Fig.2] montre le dispositif de la [Fig.l] en coupe longitudinale. [0023] [Fig.2] shows the device of [Fig.l] in longitudinal section.
Fig. 3 Fig. 3
[0024] [Fig.3] est une vue en élévation d’un dispositif de transport et de pressurage intégrant le dispositif de la [Fig.2] avec en outre un tracteur. [0024] [Fig.3] is an elevation view of a transport and pressing device integrating the device of [Fig.2] with also a tractor.
Fig. 4 Fig. 4
[0025] [Fig.4] est un schéma illustratif d’une étape de remplissage et d’égouttage d’un dispositif de pressurage. [0025] [Fig.4] is an illustrative diagram of a filling and draining step of a pressing device.
Fig. 5 Fig. 5
[0026] [Fig.5] est un schéma illustratif d’une étape de pressurage au sein d’un dispositif de pressurage. [0026] [Fig.5] is an illustrative diagram of a pressing step within a pressing device.
Fig. 6 [0027] [Fig.6] représente un exemple de vidange de jus d’un dispositif de pressurage illustré sur les figures précédentes. Fig. 6 [0027] [Fig.6] represents an example of draining juice from a pressing device illustrated in the previous figures.
Fig. 7 Fig. 7
[0028] [Fig.7] représente un exemple de déchargement de marc ressuyé d’un dispositif de pressurage illustré sur les figures précédentes. [0028] [Fig.7] represents an example of unloading dried grounds from a pressing device illustrated in the previous figures.
Fig. 8 Fig. 8
[0029] [Fig.8] est une vue en coupe montrant le dispositif de la [Fig.1] en fin de pressurage. [0029] [Fig.8] is a sectional view showing the device of [Fig.1] at the end of pressing.
Fig. 9 Fig. 9
[0030] [Fig.9] est une vue similaire à la [Fig.1] pour une variante de réalisation. [0030] [Fig.9] is a view similar to [Fig.1] for an alternative embodiment.
Fig. 10 Fig. 10
[0031] [Fig.10] est une vue similaire à la [Fig.2] pour une variante de réalisation. [0031] [Fig.10] is a view similar to [Fig.2] for an alternative embodiment.
Fig. 11 Fig. 11
[0032] [Fig.11] est une vue similaire aux figures 1 et 9 pour une autre variante de réalisation. [0032] [Fig.11] is a view similar to Figures 1 and 9 for another alternative embodiment.
Description des modes de réalisation Description of embodiments
[0033] La présente divulgation concerne tout d’abord un dispositif de pressurage original. De manière originale, ce dispositif est intégré à une citerne de transport, notamment une cuve du type de celles utilisées pour transporter une vendange fraîche d’une vigne à un chai. De manière originale également, il est proposé de réaliser le pressurage à l’aide d’un plateau mobile, et de plus dans une citerne dont l’axe est orienté à l’horizontale. [0033] The present disclosure firstly concerns an original pressing device. In an original way, this device is integrated into a transport tank, in particular a tank of the type used to transport a fresh harvest from a vineyard to a cellar. Also in an original way, it is proposed to carry out the pressing using a mobile plate, and moreover in a tank whose axis is oriented horizontally.
[0034] Il est proposé ici de décrire tout d’abord une citerne 2 dans laquelle sont intégrés des moyens permettant de réaliser un pressurage d’une vendange fraîche avant d’ensuite décrire les éléments coopérant avec cette citerne 2 pour permettre le transport de cette citerne 2. [0034] It is proposed here to first describe a tank 2 in which means are integrated making it possible to press a fresh harvest before then describing the elements cooperating with this tank 2 to allow the transport of this tank 2.
[0035] La citerne 2 est réalisée à partir d’une citerne de type connu mais présente quelques caractéristiques originales. Cette citerne 2 comporte un corps 4 de forme globale cylindrique circulaire qui présente ici un axe de révolution désigné par la suite comme axe longitudinal. On suppose dans la suite de la présente description que cet axe longitudinal est horizontal sur les figures 1 à 5. Cette orientation de l’axe longitudinal correspond sensiblement à l’orientation de cet axe au cours d’une opération de pressurage et/ou lors d’un transport. Sur les figures 1 à 10, la citerne 2 présente ainsi une forme profilée de section circulaire mais d’autres formes peuvent être envisagées, comme par exemple une forme elliptique (avec le grand axe de l’ellipse à l’horizontale de préférence) comme illustrée sur la [Fig.l 1], Tank 2 is made from a tank of known type but has some original characteristics. This tank 2 comprises a body 4 of overall circular cylindrical shape which here has an axis of revolution designated hereinafter as a longitudinal axis. It is assumed in the rest of this description that this longitudinal axis is horizontal in Figures 1 to 5. This orientation of the longitudinal axis corresponds substantially to the orientation of this axis during a pressing operation and/or during of transport. In Figures 1 to 10, the tank 2 thus has a profiled shape of circular section but other shapes can be envisaged, such as for example an elliptical shape (with the major axis of the ellipse preferably horizontal) as illustrated in [Fig.l 1],
[0036] Le corps 4 est fermé par une face avant 6 et une face arrière 8 qui peuvent être planes ou bombées et qui s’étendent donc transversalement par rapport au corps 4. Les adverbes « avant » et « arrière » sont utilisés en fonction du sens préférentiel de dé- placement de la citerne 2. Comme il sera décrit plus loin, la face arrière 8 est notamment munie de moyens permettant de décharger le contenu de la citerne 2. The body 4 is closed by a front face 6 and a rear face 8 which can be flat or curved and which therefore extend transversely with respect to the body 4. The adverbs “front” and “rear” are used depending on of the preferential sense of de- placement of the tank 2. As will be described later, the rear face 8 is notably provided with means allowing the contents of the tank 2 to be unloaded.
[0037] Dans des exemples, la citerne 2 est par exemple métallique, de préférence en acier inoxydable et la face avant 6 et la face arrière 8 sont par exemple soudées sur le corps 4. [0037] In examples, the tank 2 is for example metallic, preferably made of stainless steel and the front face 6 and the rear face 8 are for example welded to the body 4.
[0038] À titre purement illustratif et non limitatif, la citerne 2 peut avoir une contenance comprise entre 20 et 200 hl (c’est-à-dire entre 2 et 20 m3). [0038] Purely by way of illustration and not limitation, the tank 2 can have a capacity of between 20 and 200 hl (that is to say between 2 and 20 m 3 ).
[0039] La citerne 2 présente une ouverture 10 (figures 3 à 5) réalisée par exemple dans le corps 4 dans une partie supérieure dudit corps 4, ladite ouverture étant munie d’une trémie pour faciliter le remplissage de la citerne 2 et est munie d’une porte assurant une fermeture étanche de la citerne 2 (pour permettre une opération de pressurage). On peut par exemple définir comme partie supérieure (et ainsi aussi une orientation haut/ bas) la partie de la citerne 2 munie de ladite ouverture 10 adaptée pour recevoir de la vendange fraiche. Cette partie supérieure du corps 4 peut aussi être appelée « plafond » de la citerne 2. The tank 2 has an opening 10 (Figures 3 to 5) made for example in the body 4 in an upper part of said body 4, said opening being provided with a hopper to facilitate filling of the tank 2 and is provided a door ensuring watertight closure of the tank 2 (to allow a pressing operation). We can for example define as the upper part (and thus also a top/bottom orientation) the part of the tank 2 provided with said opening 10 adapted to receive fresh harvest. This upper part of body 4 can also be called “ceiling” of tank 2.
[0040] Comme indiqué plus haut, le présent document concerne plus particulièrement un dispositif de pressurage original intégré à la citerne 2 décrite ci-dessus. Ce dispositif est notamment illustré sur les figures 1, 2, 4 et 5. As indicated above, this document relates more particularly to an original pressing device integrated into the tank 2 described above. This device is illustrated in particular in Figures 1, 2, 4 and 5.
[0041] Le dispositif de pressurage comporte tout d’abord une cage de presse reconstituée dans la citerne 2. Ensuite, ce dispositif comporte un plateau 12 mobile dans ladite cage de presse et enfin des moyens permettant de mouvoir le plateau 12 dans cette cage de presse. [0041] The pressing device firstly comprises a press cage reconstituted in the tank 2. Then, this device comprises a movable plate 12 in said press cage and finally means allowing the plate 12 to be moved in this pressing cage. press.
[0042] La cage de presse est adaptée à l’intérieur de la citerne 2. Elle comporte principalement deux parois latérales 14 parallèles qui s’étendent verticalement (l’orientation verticale est par exemple donnée par ces parois). Ces parois latérales 14 sont planes et s’étendent de la face avant 6 à la face arrière 8 de la citerne 2. Elles sont par exemple réalisées à partir d’une grille métallique, par exemple une grille en acier inoxydable alimentaire Le bord inférieur de chacune de ces parois latérales 4 peut être fixé (soudé par exemple, avec avantageusement l’aide de poutres de renfort) à la face intérieure du corps 4. Les bords supérieurs des parois latérales 14 (c’est-à-dire les bords se trouvant du côté de l’ouverture 10 qui est réalisée de telle sorte que du raisin versé par l’ouverture 10 depuis l’extérieur vers l’intérieur de la citerne 2 se retrouve dans la citerne 2 entre les deux parois latérales 14 parallèles) peuvent aussi être soudés à la face intérieure du corps 4 et/ou être reliées entre elles par une grille incurvée 16 qui forme alors une paroi supérieure de la cage de presse, au niveau du plafond de la citerne 2. Cette grille incurvée 16 se présente de préférence sur la forme d’une section longitudinale d’un cylindre circulaire avec un rayon de courbure adapté à l’intérieur de la citerne 2 pour être sensiblement parallèle au corps 4. Cette grille incurvée 16 est favorable pour un meilleur pressurage notamment pour des citernes de grande contenance mais elle est optionnelle car la partie supérieure du corps 4 peut aussi servir (comme expliqué plus loin) de surface de contrepression pour réaliser un pressurage. The press cage is adapted inside the tank 2. It mainly comprises two parallel side walls 14 which extend vertically (the vertical orientation is for example given by these walls). These side walls 14 are flat and extend from the front face 6 to the rear face 8 of the tank 2. They are for example made from a metal grid, for example a food stainless steel grid. The lower edge of each of these side walls 4 can be fixed (welded for example, advantageously with the help of reinforcing beams) to the interior face of the body 4. The upper edges of the side walls 14 (that is to say the edges are located on the side of the opening 10 which is made in such a way that grapes poured through the opening 10 from the outside towards the inside of the tank 2 are found in the tank 2 between the two parallel side walls 14) can also be welded to the interior face of the body 4 and/or be connected together by a curved grid 16 which then forms an upper wall of the press cage, at the level of the ceiling of the tank 2. This curved grid 16 is presented in preferably on the shape of a longitudinal section of a circular cylinder with a radius of curvature adapted to the interior of the tank 2 to be substantially parallel to the body 4. This curved grid 16 is favorable for better pressing, particularly for tanks large capacity but it is optional because the upper part of the body 4 can also serve (as explained below) as a counterpressure surface to carry out pressing.
[0043] Selon la forme de la face avant 6, cette face peut servir de paroi pour la cage de presse ou bien une grille disposée transversalement dans la citerne 2 peut être utilisée à l’avant pour fermer la cage de presse. [0043] Depending on the shape of the front face 6, this face can serve as a wall for the press cage or else a grid arranged transversely in the tank 2 can be used at the front to close the press cage.
[0044] La plus grande surface possible de la cage de presse est réalisée à partir d’éléments sous forme de grille ou de plaque perforée. Cela permet un meilleur pressurage. Toutefois, on ne sortirait pas du cadre de la présente divulgation si telle ou telle paroi de la cage de presse était une paroi pleine. Même toute la cage de presse peut être en théorie réalisée avec des parois pleines si le plateau 12 est au moins partiellement perforé (ou réalisé à partir d’une grille). [0044] The largest possible surface area of the press cage is made from elements in the form of a grid or perforated plate. This allows for better pressing. However, we would not go beyond the scope of this disclosure if this or that wall of the press cage were a solid wall. Even the entire press cage can in theory be made with solid walls if the plate 12 is at least partially perforated (or made from a grid).
[0045] Le plateau 12 est un plateau destiné à être orienté horizontalement (figures 1 à 5) et à se déplacer entre les deux parois latérales 14, d'une part, et la face avant 6 et la face arrière 8 ou bien les grilles transversales, d'autre part. De préférence, ce plateau 12 permet de réaliser un égouttage lors d’une opération de pressurage. De manière originale, il est destiné à se déplacer en translation (verticale en considérant que l’axe longitudinal de la citerne est à l’horizontale) à l’intérieur de la citerne 2, le long des parois latérales 14. Ce plateau 12 présente ainsi un contour extérieur adapté à la cage de presse décrite plus haut. Globalement, la forme de ce plateau est sensiblement rectangulaire avec deux longs bords longitudinaux disposés le long des parois latérales 14 et ses deux bords transversaux disposés le long des faces avant et arrière (ou des grilles transversales). The plate 12 is a plate intended to be oriented horizontally (Figures 1 to 5) and to move between the two side walls 14, on the one hand, and the front face 6 and the rear face 8 or the grids transversal, on the other hand. Preferably, this plate 12 makes it possible to drain during a pressing operation. In an original manner, it is intended to move in translation (vertical considering that the longitudinal axis of the tank is horizontal) inside the tank 2, along the side walls 14. This plate 12 has thus an external contour adapted to the press cage described above. Overall, the shape of this tray is substantially rectangular with two long longitudinal edges arranged along the side walls 14 and its two transverse edges arranged along the front and rear faces (or transverse grids).
[0046] Le plateau 12 est de préférence perforé de telle sorte que du liquide puisse passer d’un côté à l’autre du plateau 12. Comme pour les parois de la cage de presse, les dimensions des perforations (ou les ouvertures des grilles) sont adaptées au pressurage des raisins de manière à permettre l’écoulement de jus de raisin (fermenté ou non) sans permettre le passage de matières solides (peau et pépins, ou marc) à travers lesdites perforations. The plate 12 is preferably perforated so that liquid can pass from one side of the plate 12 to the other. As for the walls of the press cage, the dimensions of the perforations (or the openings of the grids ) are suitable for pressing grapes so as to allow the flow of grape juice (fermented or not) without allowing the passage of solid materials (skin and seeds, or marc) through said perforations.
[0047] Avantageusement, une toile de filtration (non représentée) est disposée sur la face de ce plateau 12, lorsqu’il est perforé, en regard de la partie supérieure du corps 4 (et/ou en regard de la grille incurvée 16 dans la forme de réalisation illustrée). Cette toile de filtration est par exemple une toile tissée, ou double tissée. Elle peut être par exemple réalisée en nylon, polyester, polypropylène et/ou en matériaux fluorés tel du poly- fluorure de vinylidène ou du polytétrafluoréthylène. En variante, le plateau 12 peut recevoir une telle toile de filtration sur ses deux faces opposées. Si le plateau 12 porte sur au moins l’une de ses faces une toile de filtration, le jus issu d’une opération de pressurage sera également filtré. Une étape ultérieure de filtration/clarification pourra alors être évitée lors d’un procédé de vinification (non décrit dans la présente di- vulgation). Advantageously, a filtration cloth (not shown) is placed on the face of this plate 12, when it is perforated, facing the upper part of the body 4 (and/or facing the curved grid 16 in the illustrated embodiment). This filtration fabric is for example a woven or double woven fabric. It can for example be made of nylon, polyester, polypropylene and/or fluorinated materials such as polyvinylidene fluoride or polytetrafluoroethylene. Alternatively, the plate 12 can receive such a filtration cloth on its two opposite faces. If the plate 12 carries a filtration cloth on at least one of its faces, the juice resulting from a pressing operation will also be filtered. A subsequent filtration/clarification step can then be avoided during a winemaking process (not described in this di- vulgarity).
[0048] Il est proposé dans la forme de réalisation illustrée d’entrainer le plateau 12 en translation verticale dans la cuve 2 à l’aide de trois systèmes à vis sans fin disposés en partie haute de la citerne 2. D’autres moyens, par exemple un système à crémaillère(s), ou un système vis/écrou, ou un (des) vérin(s) hydraulique(s) pourraient également être envisagés. En outre, pour une opération de pressurage, la forme de réalisation illustrée montre le cas d’un système qui vient « tirer » le plateau vers le haut. Une variante de réalisation ne sortant pas du cadre de la présente divulgation pourrait prévoir de « pousser » le plateau 12 de bas en haut pour réaliser un pressurage. [0048] It is proposed in the illustrated embodiment to drive the plate 12 in vertical translation in the tank 2 using three endless screw systems arranged in the upper part of the tank 2. Other means, for example a rack system(s), or a screw/nut system, or a hydraulic cylinder(s) could also be considered. In addition, for a pressing operation, the illustrated embodiment shows the case of a system which “pulls” the plate upwards. An alternative embodiment not departing from the scope of the present disclosure could provide for “pushing” the plate 12 from bottom to top to carry out pressing.
[0049] Le système d’entrainement illustré au dessin va être décrit ci-après. Ce système comporte trois vérins à vis sans fin. L’homme du métier comprendra de suite que le nombre de vérins peut être adapté (de préférence au moins deux) en fonction de la taille de la citerne 2 et donc de la quantité de raisin à pressurer en une opération de pressurage. The training system illustrated in the drawing will be described below. This system has three worm screw jacks. Those skilled in the art will immediately understand that the number of cylinders can be adapted (preferably at least two) depending on the size of the tank 2 and therefore the quantity of grapes to be pressed in one pressing operation.
[0050] La [Eig.1] illustre un vérin à vis sans fin sur les trois que comporte la citerne 2 illustrée. Ce système comporte une vis 18 commandée par une vis sans fin 20 disposée à l’extérieur de la citerne 2, sur la face extérieure du corps 4. La vis 18 s’étend verticalement (et perpendiculairement au plateau 12) vers le haut. La vis 18 est fixée au plateau 12 et traverse le corps 4 pour entrer en liaison avec la vis sans fin 20. Un joint d’étanchéité 22 est avantageusement prévu au niveau de la traversée du corps 4 par la vis 18. La longueur de la vis 18 est déterminée en fonction de la course maximale souhaitée pour le plateau 12. La longueur de la vis dépassant au-dessus de la vis sans fin 20 permet de connaitre la position du plateau 12 dans la citerne 2. La vis sans fin 20 est montée longitudinalement sur un arbre d’entrainement 24 horizontal (et longitudinal) entrainé par un moteur 26, de préférence hydraulique ([Eig.2]). L’arbre d’entrainement 24 traverse à chaque fois un boitier 28 de renvoi logeant la vis sans fin 20. Dans ce boitier 28, la vis sans fin 20 vient entrainer en rotation un écrou qui à son tour agit sur la vis 18 pour la déplacer en translation. La vis 18 forme ainsi la « tige » du vérin à vis sans fin. Ainsi, les trois systèmes à vis sans fin fonctionnent de manière synchrone. [0050] [Eig.1] illustrates one of the three worm screw jacks in the tank 2 illustrated. This system comprises a screw 18 controlled by an endless screw 20 placed outside the tank 2, on the exterior face of the body 4. The screw 18 extends vertically (and perpendicular to the plate 12) upwards. The screw 18 is fixed to the plate 12 and passes through the body 4 to enter into connection with the endless screw 20. A seal 22 is advantageously provided at the level of the crossing of the body 4 by the screw 18. The length of the screw 18 is determined as a function of the maximum stroke desired for the plate 12. The length of the screw protruding above the endless screw 20 makes it possible to know the position of the plate 12 in the tank 2. The endless screw 20 is mounted longitudinally on a horizontal (and longitudinal) drive shaft 24 driven by a motor 26, preferably hydraulic ([Eig.2]). The drive shaft 24 each passes through a return housing 28 housing the endless screw 20. In this housing 28, the endless screw 20 rotates a nut which in turn acts on the screw 18 to move in translation. Screw 18 thus forms the “stem” of the worm screw jack. Thus, the three worm systems operate synchronously.
[0051] On remarque sur les figures 1 et 2 notamment la présence de deux plaques 30 disposées en dièdre. Chaque plaque 30 est disposée longitudinalement dans la citerne 2 et présente un bord inférieur longitudinal monté sur le plateau 12. Ces deux bords longitudinaux sont légèrement écartés l’un de l’autre et les plaques 30 se rapprochent l’une de l’autre vers le haut. Les deux bords longitudinaux supérieurs des plaques 30 sont reliés et une étanchéité est réalisée entre chaque vis 18 et le dièdre formé par les plaques 30. Les deux plaques 30 viennent ainsi recouvrir une base de chaque vis 18 fixée au plateau 12. Ces deux plaques 30 forment un V inversé qui empêche la vendange de venir aux pieds des vis 18. La hauteur des plaques 30 est choisie de telle manière qu’elle ne vienne pas limiter la course du plateau 12 lors d’une opération de pressurage. Chacune des plaques 30 est avantageusement perforée pour permettre un égouttage du jus contenu dans les raisins au cœur de la masse solide lors de son pressurage. [0051] We note in Figures 1 and 2 in particular the presence of two plates 30 arranged dihedral. Each plate 30 is arranged longitudinally in the tank 2 and has a lower longitudinal edge mounted on the plate 12. These two longitudinal edges are slightly spaced apart from each other and the plates 30 approach each other towards the top. The two upper longitudinal edges of the plates 30 are connected and a seal is produced between each screw 18 and the dihedral formed by the plates 30. The two plates 30 thus cover a base of each screw 18 fixed to the plate 12. These two plates 30 form an inverted V which prevents harvest to come to the feet of the screws 18. The height of the plates 30 is chosen in such a way that it does not limit the travel of the plate 12 during a pressing operation. Each of the plates 30 is advantageously perforated to allow the juice contained in the grapes to drain at the heart of the solid mass during its pressing.
[0052] Les figures 1 et 2 montrent en outre quelques accessoires optionnels mais avantageux pouvant équiper une citerne 2 selon la présente divulgation. [0052] Figures 1 and 2 further show some optional but advantageous accessories that can be fitted to a tank 2 according to the present disclosure.
[0053] La citerne 2 peut ainsi comporter un injecteur 32 permettant d’injecter du gaz carbonique (ou un autre gaz inerte) dans la citerne 2 pour éviter l’oxydation des jus obtenus par pressurage. [0053] The tank 2 can thus include an injector 32 making it possible to inject carbon dioxide (or another inert gas) into the tank 2 to avoid oxidation of the juices obtained by pressing.
[0054] Avantageusement, une trappe de visite 34 est prévue de chaque côté de la citerne 2 pour accéder à l’espace libre se trouvant entre une paroi latérale 14 et le corps 4 de la citerne (du côté opposé à l’espace compris entre les deux parois latérales 14). [0054] Advantageously, an inspection hatch 34 is provided on each side of the tank 2 to access the free space located between a side wall 14 and the body 4 of the tank (on the side opposite to the space between the two side walls 14).
[0055] Le plateau 12 est de préférence muni d’équerres de renfort 36 sur sa face inférieure. Ceci permet de rigidifier le plateau 12 en limitant sa masse. The plate 12 is preferably provided with reinforcing brackets 36 on its lower face. This makes it possible to stiffen the plate 12 by limiting its mass.
[0056] La citerne 2 est également munie d’une vanne de vidange 38 disposée en un point bas de la citerne 2. Cette vanne de vidange 38 est de préférence disposée à proximité de la face arrière 8 de la citerne 2. On remarque sur la [Fig.2] la présence au niveau de la face arrière 8 d’une porte basculante 40 montée pivotante autour d’un axe de pivotement 42 disposé en position haute sur la citerne 2. Ainsi lorsque la citerne 2 est basculée comme illustré sur la [Fig.6], tout le contenu de la citerne 2 peut être déchargé. Cette porte basculante 40 peut correspondre à tout ou partie seulement de la face arrière 8 de la citerne 2. Cette porte basculante 40 est aussi configurée pour servir de surface de contrepression lors d’une opération de pressurage. [0056] The tank 2 is also provided with a drain valve 38 arranged at a low point of the tank 2. This drain valve 38 is preferably arranged near the rear face 8 of the tank 2. Note on [Fig.2] the presence at the rear face 8 of a tilting door 40 pivotally mounted around a pivot axis 42 arranged in the high position on the tank 2. Thus when the tank 2 is tilted as illustrated in [Fig.6], the entire contents of tank 2 can be unloaded. This tilting door 40 can correspond to all or only part of the rear face 8 of the tank 2. This tilting door 40 is also configured to serve as a counterpressure surface during a pressing operation.
[0057] La [Fig.3] illustre la citerne 2 des figures 1 et 2 montée sur un châssis 44, l’ensemble ainsi formé par le châssis 44 et la citerne 2 formant un dispositif de transport et de pressurage qui est attelé dans l’illustration de la [Fig.3] à un tracteur 45. Il s’agit d’un châssis de type connu dans le monde viticole et/ou agricole avec un essieu 46 (horizontal et transversal par rapport à la citerne 2). En position « normale » illustrée sur la [Fig.3], la citerne 2 est disposée à l’horizontale (ou parallèle au sol) lorsqu’elle est montée sur le châssis 44. Comme illustrée sur la [Fig.6], le châssis 44 est articulé pour pouvoir notamment incliner la citerne 2 et faciliter sa vidange. On remarque sur la [Fig.6] que le châssis 44 présente une double articulation (présence de deux vérins 48). On ne sortirait toutefois pas du cadre de la présente divulgation avec un châssis non articulé ou bien encore avec un châssis muni d’une seule articulation (comme un camion benne par exemple). [0057] [Fig.3] illustrates the tank 2 of Figures 1 and 2 mounted on a chassis 44, the assembly thus formed by the chassis 44 and the tank 2 forming a transport and pressing device which is coupled in the The illustration of [Fig.3] to a tractor 45. It is a chassis of a type known in the wine-growing and/or agricultural world with an axle 46 (horizontal and transverse to the tank 2). In the “normal” position illustrated in [Fig.3], the tank 2 is arranged horizontally (or parallel to the ground) when it is mounted on the chassis 44. As illustrated in [Fig.6], the chassis 44 is articulated to be able in particular to tilt the tank 2 and facilitate its emptying. We notice in [Fig.6] that the chassis 44 has a double articulation (presence of two cylinders 48). However, we would not go beyond the scope of this disclosure with a non-articulated chassis or even with a chassis equipped with a single articulation (like a dump truck for example).
[0058] Les figures 4 à 6 illustrent une utilisation de la citerne 2 montée sur un châssis 44. [0058] Figures 4 to 6 illustrate a use of the tank 2 mounted on a chassis 44.
[0059] Sur la [Fig.4], le dispositif de transport et de pressurage comprenant la citerne 2 et le châssis 44 est par exemple disposé au bord d’une vigne à la saison de la vendange. Du raisin est vendangé et est disposé dans un bac 50 de machine à vendanger de type connu. La [Fig.4] illustre une opération de remplissage de citerne 2 à partir d’un bac 50 de machine à vendanger. Cette opération est classique : l’originalité sur cette figure réside dans la structure de la citerne 2 qui, comme décrit plus haut intègre des moyens de pressurage. Pour recevoir la vendange fraiche, le moteur 26 a été actionné de manière à faire descendre dans une position basse, de préférence en butée basse (on suppose ici que l’axe longitudinal de la citerne 2 est sensiblement à l’horizontale et le sens haut bas est le sens naturel donné par la gravité terrestre). La vendange est alors introduite par l’ouverture 10 dans la citerne 2. Du jus 52 s’écoule éventuellement de la vendange du fait de la manipulation des raisins. La citerne 2 est remplie, c’est-à-dire plus précisément que l’espace entre les parois latérales 14 est sensiblement rempli. Pour permettre un meilleur remplissage de la citerne 2, l’ouverture 10 est placée le plus près possible de la face avant 6. Il est alors possible de basculer la citerne (par exemple comme illustré sur la [Fig.6] ... mais avec la vanne de vidange fermée) pour amener la vendange vers l’arrière de la citerne et permettre à continuer le remplissage de la citerne 2 jusqu’à un remplissage complet de la cage de pressurage. Le transport de la vendange vers le chai peut alors commencer. [0059] In [Fig.4], the transport and pressing device comprising the tank 2 and the chassis 44 is for example placed at the edge of a vineyard during the harvest season. Grapes are harvested and placed in a bin 50 of a known type harvesting machine. [Fig.4] illustrates a tank 2 filling operation from a grape harvesting machine tank 50. This operation is classic: the originality in this figure lies in the structure of tank 2 which, as described above, integrates pressing means. To receive the fresh harvest, the motor 26 was actuated so as to lower it into a low position, preferably at the bottom stop (we assume here that the longitudinal axis of the tank 2 is substantially horizontal and the upward direction low is the natural direction given by Earth's gravity). The harvest is then introduced through the opening 10 into the tank 2. Juice 52 possibly flows from the harvest due to the handling of the grapes. The tank 2 is filled, that is to say more precisely that the space between the side walls 14 is substantially filled. To allow better filling of the tank 2, the opening 10 is placed as close as possible to the front face 6. It is then possible to tilt the tank (for example as illustrated in [Fig.6] ... but with the drain valve closed) to bring the harvest towards the rear of the tank and allow the filling of tank 2 to continue until the pressing cage is completely filled. The transport of the harvest to the cellar can then begin.
[0060] Il est proposé ici de réaliser le pressurage de la vendange pendant ce transport comme illustré sur la [Fig.5]. Comme illustré sur la [Fig.3], le moteur 26 qui est ici un moteur hydraulique a été connecté au réseau hydraulique du tracteur 45. L’actionnement du moteur 26 est commandé pendant le transport de telle sorte que les vis 18 viennent tirer le plateau 12 vers le haut. Dans la forme de réalisation illustrée, le raisin est alors pressé dans la cage de presse qui comprend notamment le plateau 12, les parois latérales 14 et la grille incurvée 16 ainsi que des parois transversales (grilles ou faces avant et arrière). Pour un meilleur égouttage du marc, une majorité de la surface de la cage de presse est perforée comme expliqué plus haut. [0060] It is proposed here to carry out the pressing of the harvest during this transport as illustrated in [Fig.5]. As illustrated in [Fig.3], the motor 26 which is here a hydraulic motor has been connected to the hydraulic network of the tractor 45. The actuation of the motor 26 is controlled during transport in such a way that the screws 18 come to pull the tray 12 upwards. In the illustrated embodiment, the grape is then pressed in the press cage which includes in particular the plate 12, the side walls 14 and the curved grid 16 as well as transverse walls (grids or front and rear faces). For better drainage of the grounds, a majority of the surface of the press cage is perforated as explained above.
[0061] Lorsque le tracteur 45 et la citerne 2 arrivent au chai, la vendange est alors déjà pressée. Le jus issu du pressurage peut alors être déchargé par gravité. Pour faciliter la vidange du jus, il est possible d’incliner la citerne 2 comme illustré sur la [Fig.6]. [0061] When the tractor 45 and the tank 2 arrive at the cellar, the harvest is already pressed. The juice from pressing can then be discharged by gravity. To facilitate draining the juice, it is possible to tilt the tank 2 as illustrated in [Fig.6].
[0062] La [Fig.7] illustre le déchargement du marc hors de la citerne 2. Lorsque le châssis 44 présente une double articulation, celle-ci est avantageusement utilisée pour cette opération de déchargement. Cette [Fig.7] illustre une opération de déchargement de marc 54. Une fois le jus vidangé, la porte basculante 40 (intégrale ou non) est déverrouillée et le marc 54 est vidé dans un bac 56 avantageusement muni d’une pompe à marc 58. [0062] [Fig.7] illustrates the unloading of the marc from the tank 2. When the chassis 44 has a double articulation, this is advantageously used for this unloading operation. This [Fig.7] illustrates an operation for unloading grounds 54. Once the juice has been drained, the tilting door 40 (integral or not) is unlocked and the grounds 54 are emptied into a tray 56 advantageously provided with a grounds pump. 58.
[0063] La [Fig.8] est une vue schématique de détail montrant le plateau 12 dans sa position supérieure. Cette figure illustre que les plaques 30 en dièdre autour des bases des vis 18 sont en butée contre la grille incurvée 16 et viennent scinder le marc en deux parties de part et d’autre de ces plaques 30 facilitant alors par la suite le déchargement du marc. [0063] [Fig.8] is a schematic detail view showing the plate 12 in its upper position. This figure illustrates that the plates 30 in dihedral around the bases of the screws 18 abut against the curved grid 16 and split the grounds into two parts on either side of these plates 30, subsequently facilitating the unloading of the grounds.
[0064] Une fois la citerne vidée, il convient de la nettoyer. L’ouverture 10, les trappes de visite 34 permettent un accès à l’ensemble des compartiments à l’intérieur de la citerne 2 et permettent un nettoyage manuel avec un tuyau d’arrosage ou un nettoyeur sous pression. Toutefois, dans une forme de réalisation préférée, un système de nettoyage est intégré à la citerne 2 comme illustré sur les figures 9 et 10. Dans cette variante de réalisation, par rapport à la forme de réalisation des figures précédentes, la citerne 2 est munie quatre tuyaux 60 disposés en position haute dans la citerne 2, un dans chacun des espaces libres correspondant à une trappe de visite 34, c’est-à-dire dans les espaces libres situés entre une paroi latérale 14 et le corps 4 de la citerne en dehors de la cage de presse et un tuyau 60 à chaque fois de part et d’autre de la ligne définie par les vis 18. Chaque tuyau 60 est alors muni de buses 62 orientée vers l’espace à nettoyer. Les quatre tuyaux 60 peuvent être raccordés ensemble et être alimentés en eau soit simultanément, soit successivement (ou deux par deux, ou ...). [0064] Once the tank has been emptied, it should be cleaned. The opening 10, the inspection hatches 34 allow access to all of the compartments inside the tank 2 and allow manual cleaning with a garden hose or a pressure cleaner. However, in a preferred embodiment, a cleaning system is integrated into the tank 2 as illustrated in Figures 9 and 10. In this alternative embodiment, compared to the embodiment of the previous figures, the tank 2 is provided four pipes 60 arranged in the high position in the tank 2, one in each of the free spaces corresponding to an inspection hatch 34, that is to say in the free spaces located between a side wall 14 and the body 4 of the tank outside the press cage and a pipe 60 each time on either side of the line defined by the screws 18. Each pipe 60 is then provided with nozzles 62 oriented towards the space to be cleaned. The four pipes 60 can be connected together and supplied with water either simultaneously or successively (or two by two, or...).
[0065] La [Fig.11] illustre une variante de réalisation de citerne 2 par rapport à la forme de réalisation des figures 9 et 10. Cette citerne 2 présente ici une forme globalement profilée avec une section elliptique, le grand axe de l’ellipse étant à l’horizontale. Cette forme de réalisation est favorable car elle permet d’obtenir une ouverture 10 plus grande, ce qui facilite alors le remplissage de la citerne avec de la vendange fraiche. Ce remplissage est aussi facilité du fait que la citerne est aussi moins haute du fait de sa forme aplatie. Enfin, le plateau de pressurage peut présenter alors une plus grande surface, ce qui conduit aussi à un chapeau de marc moins épais Application industrielle [0065] [Fig.11] illustrates a variant embodiment of tank 2 compared to the embodiment of Figures 9 and 10. This tank 2 here has a generally profiled shape with an elliptical section, the major axis of the ellipse being horizontal. This embodiment is favorable because it makes it possible to obtain a larger opening 10, which then facilitates filling the tank with fresh harvest. This filling is also made easier because the tank is also lower due to its flattened shape. Finally, the pressing plate can then have a larger surface area, which also leads to a thinner marc cap Industrial application
[0066] Le dispositif de pressurage et le dispositif de transport et de pressurage peuvent trouver à s’appliquer à la vinification de vins blancs et rosés et aussi de vins rouges modernes particulièrement pour la réalisation de cuvées de vins rouges obtenus après débourbage (clarification). En effet, l’évolution du gout des consommateurs conduit de plus en plus à extraire le moût et à le clarifier avant de le faire fermenter en le remettant au contact du marc dont il est issu pour obtenir des vins rouges plus souples, plus fins et aromatiquement plus nets. [0066] The pressing device and the transport and pressing device can be applied to the vinification of white and rosé wines and also modern red wines, particularly for the production of vintages of red wines obtained after settling (clarification). . Indeed, the evolution of consumer tastes leads more and more to extract the must and clarify it before fermenting it by putting it back in contact with the marc from which it comes to obtain red wines that are more supple, finer and aromatically clearer.
[0067] Le fait (optionnel) d’avoir une citerne qui se déplace facilement, grâce à son montage sur un châssis est avantageux mais on peut envisager une citerne munie avec les moyens de pressurage décrits, ou d’autres évoqués, qui serait stockée dans un chai au long de l’année et serait chargée sur un camion ou un tracteur, par exemple sur un châssis basculant d’un tel véhicule, au moment des vendanges. [0068] La conception originale de ce pressoir permet de réaliser un pressurage de bas en haut. Ainsi, lors de l’opération de pressurage, le marc est poussé vers le haut et au fur et à mesure de l’écrasement des baies provoqué par la montée du plateau, le jus extrait s’écoule dans le volume inférieur équivalent progressivement libéré par la montée du plateau. Cette conception est avantageuse d’un point de vue œnologique et d’un point de vue économique par rapport à des pressoirs connus de l’homme du métier dans lesquels le jus extrait lors d’une opération de pressurage est transféré au fur et à mesure vers l’extérieur du pressoir par gravité ou par pompage. [0067] The (optional) fact of having a tank which moves easily, thanks to its mounting on a chassis is advantageous but we can envisage a tank equipped with the pressing means described, or others mentioned, which would be stored in a cellar throughout the year and would be loaded on a truck or tractor, for example on a tilting chassis of such a vehicle, at harvest time. [0068] The original design of this press allows pressing from bottom to top. Thus, during the pressing operation, the marc is pushed upwards and as the berries are crushed by the rise of the plate, the extracted juice flows into the equivalent lower volume gradually released by the rise of the plateau. This design is advantageous from an oenological point of view and from an economic point of view compared to presses known to those skilled in the art in which the juice extracted during a pressing operation is transferred gradually. towards the outside of the press by gravity or by pumping.
[0069] Le pressurage rapide de la vendange pendant son transport de la vigne au chai permet d’améliorer la qualité des vins obtenus. Le jus extrait est libéré et s’écoule gravi- tairement dès le remplissage de la citerne et pendant le transport de la vendange. [0069] Rapid pressing of the harvest during its transport from the vineyard to the cellar makes it possible to improve the quality of the wines obtained. The extracted juice is released and flows gravitationally as soon as the tank is filled and during transport of the harvest.
[0070] Le moût, comme le jus, est extrait et stocké à l’abri de l’air, en atmosphère inerté. [0070] The must, like the juice, is extracted and stored away from the air, in an inert atmosphere.
[0071] Dans les formes de réalisation préférées d’un dispositif de pressurage, on obtient une grande surface d’égouttage par rapport au volume de la vendange. Les moûts, correspondant à environ 85% du jus contenu dans les raisins, sont intégralement extraits à faible pression sans que la baie auparavant subisse des triturations dues par exemple à un transfert par pompage. [0071] In the preferred embodiments of a pressing device, a large drainage surface is obtained in relation to the volume of the harvest. The musts, corresponding to approximately 85% of the juice contained in the grapes, are entirely extracted at low pressure without the berry previously undergoing crushing due, for example, to transfer by pumping.
[0072] En sortie de citerne, les moûts peuvent être pressurisés lors de leur transfert vers une cave et y être clarifiés par flottation. Les marcs, renfermant 15% environ des jus de presse, conservent tout leur potentiel polyphénolique et peuvent être exploités entièrement dans un itinéraire de vinification en vin rouge. [0072] At the outlet of the tank, the musts can be pressurized during their transfer to a cellar and clarified there by flotation. The marcs, containing approximately 15% of the press juice, retain all their polyphenolic potential and can be fully exploited in a red wine vinification process.
[0073] Le dispositif de pressurage proposé permet une excellente maitrise de l’opération de pressurage et un degré d’assèchement précis peut être obtenu selon le cahier des charges même si l’opération est réalisée pendant le transport de la vendange. Le marc est en outre retiré facilement par déchargement gravitaire dans une benne d’évacuation. [0073] The proposed pressing device allows excellent control of the pressing operation and a precise degree of drying can be obtained according to the specifications even if the operation is carried out during transport of the harvest. The marc is also easily removed by gravity unloading into a disposal bin.
[0074] D’un point de vue économique, les dispositifs divulgués ici présentent aussi l’avantage de limiter le matériel nécessaire à la vinification et donc les investissements pour le lancement d’une nouvelle exploitation viticole. Inutile de prévoir un pressoir qui est à demeure dans le chai, et les espaces de déchargement au chai sont limités : inutile en outre de prévoir des moyens pour pomper la vendange vers le pressoir fixe, etc.. [0074] From an economic point of view, the devices disclosed here also have the advantage of limiting the equipment necessary for winemaking and therefore the investments for the launch of a new wine production. There is no need to provide a press which is permanently in the cellar, and the unloading spaces in the cellar are limited: there is also no need to provide means for pumping the harvest to the fixed press, etc.
[0075] Avec un dispositif de pressurage divulgué plus haut, un seul équipement peut assurer le transport et l’extraction des 85% de jus les plus qualitatifs permettant une traçabilité parcellaire parfaite pour des lots de faibles volumes. [0075] With a pressing device disclosed above, a single piece of equipment can ensure the transport and extraction of the 85% of the highest quality juice, allowing perfect parcel traceability for small volume batches.
[0076] En outre, du fait de la réduction drastique des opérations de transfert de vendange et de pompage de jus pouvant être obtenue avec un dispositif de pressurage selon la présente divulgation, la main d’œuvre est réduite, aussi pour les opérations de nettoyage du matériel. [0077] Enfin, l’acquisition pour un chai, notamment un nouveau chai, d’un tel dispositif de pressurage évite la construction d’un atelier de pressurage et le matériel peut être mutualisé comme le matériel de récolte permettant un amortissement encore plus rapide. [0076] Furthermore, due to the drastic reduction in harvest transfer and juice pumping operations that can be obtained with a pressing device according to the present disclosure, labor is reduced, also for cleaning operations. equipment. [0077] Finally, the acquisition for a winery, in particular a new winery, of such a pressing device avoids the construction of a pressing workshop and the equipment can be shared like the harvesting equipment allowing even faster depreciation .
[0078] La présente divulgation ne se limite pas aux exemples de dispositif de pressurage, de système de vinification et au procédé de vinification décrits ci-avant, seulement à titre d’exemple, mais elle englobe toutes les variantes que pourra envisager l’homme de l’art dans le cadre de la protection recherchée. [0078] The present disclosure is not limited to the examples of pressing device, winemaking system and the winemaking process described above, only by way of example, but it encompasses all the variants that man could consider. of art within the framework of the protection sought.

Claims

Revendications Claims
[Revendication 1] Dispositif de pressurage de raisins comportant une citerne (2) présentant un corps (4) avec une forme globale profilée le long d’un axe longitudinal considéré horizontal, une face avant (6) fermant une extrémité du corps (4) de citerne et une face arrière (8) fermant l’extrémité du corps (4) de citerne opposé à la face avant (6), caractérisé en ce que ladite citerne (2) contient deux parois latérales (14) parallèles s’étendant chacune sensiblement verticalement depuis la face avant (6) jusqu’à la face arrière (8) de la citerne (2), en ce que le corps (4) de citerne comporte une ouverture (10) dans une partie du corps de citerne dite partie supérieure, ladite ouverture (10) permettant d’introduire du raisin entre les deux parois latérales (14), en ce que la citerne (2) comporte en outre un plateau (12) s’étendant sensiblement horizontalement d’une paroi latérale (14) à l’autre et de la face avant (6) à la face arrière (8), ledit plateau (12) étant mobile entre les deux parois latérales (14), et en ce que le plateau (12) et/ou les parois latérales (14) présentent au moins une zone présentant une structure de grille. [Claim 1] Device for pressing grapes comprising a tank (2) having a body (4) with an overall shape profiled along a longitudinal axis considered horizontal, a front face (6) closing one end of the body (4) tank and a rear face (8) closing the end of the tank body (4) opposite the front face (6), characterized in that said tank (2) contains two parallel side walls (14) each extending substantially vertically from the front face (6) to the rear face (8) of the tank (2), in that the tank body (4) comprises an opening (10) in a part of the tank body called part upper, said opening (10) allowing grapes to be introduced between the two side walls (14), in that the tank (2) further comprises a plate (12) extending substantially horizontally from a side wall (14 ) to the other and from the front face (6) to the rear face (8), said plate (12) being movable between the two side walls (14), and in that the plate (12) and/or the side walls (14) have at least one area having a grid structure.
[Revendication 2] Dispositif de pressurage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le plateau (12) est entrainé en translation par au moins deux vérins (18, 20, 28) à vis sans fin avec à chaque fois une vis (18) s’étendant sensiblement verticalement depuis le plateau (12) vers l’extérieur de la citerne (2) en traversant la partie supérieure du corps (4) de citerne.[Claim 2] Pressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate (12) is driven in translation by at least two worm screw jacks (18, 20, 28) each with a screw (18) extending substantially vertically from the plate (12) towards the outside of the tank (2) crossing the upper part of the tank body (4).
[Revendication 3] Dispositif de pressurage selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque vis (18) est reliée avec une vis sans fin (20) entrainée en rotation au sein d’un boitier (28) de renvoi monté sur le corps (4) de citerne.[Claim 3] Pressing device according to claim 2, characterized in that each screw (18) is connected with an endless screw (20) driven in rotation within a return housing (28) mounted on the body ( 4) tank.
[Revendication 4] Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que toutes les vis sans fin (20) des vérins à vis sans fin sont montées sur un même arbre (24) qui est entrainé en rotation par un moteur (26) hydraulique. [Claim 4] Device according to claim 3, characterized in that all the worm screws (20) of the worm screw jacks are mounted on the same shaft (24) which is rotated by a hydraulic motor (26).
[Revendication 5] Dispositif selon l’une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le plateau (12) porte deux plaques (30), de préférence perforées, formant un dièdre, les vis (18) des vérins à vis sans fin étant partiellement logées à l’intérieur dudit dièdre. [Claim 5] Device according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the plate (12) carries two plates (30), preferably perforated, forming a dihedral, the screws (18) of the worm screw jacks being partially housed inside said dihedral.
[Revendication 6] Dispositif selon l’une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la face arrière (8) comporte une vanne de vidange (38) pour du liquide.[Claim 6] Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the rear face (8) comprises a drain valve (38) for liquid.
[Revendication 7] Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la citerne (2) comporte une vanne (32) permettant l’introduction d’un gaz, par exemple du gaz carbonique. [Claim 7] Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the tank (2) comprises a valve (32) allowing the introduction of a gas, for example carbon dioxide.
[Revendication 8] Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les parois latérales (14) et le plateau (12) mobile se présentent chacun sous la forme d’une grille. [Claim 8] Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the side walls (14) and the movable plate (12) are each in the form of a grid.
[Revendication 9] Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu’il comporte en outre un système intégré de nettoyage (60, 62) comportant au moins un tuyau d’alimentation (60) en eau s’étendant longitudinalement à l’intérieur de la citerne (2) et disposé dans une partie supérieure de la citerne, des buses (62) étant réparties le long de chaque tuyau (60). [Claim 9] Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it further comprises an integrated cleaning system (60, 62) comprising at least one water supply pipe (60) extending longitudinally inside the tank (2) and arranged in an upper part of the tank, nozzles (62) being distributed along each pipe (60).
[Revendication 10] Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le corps (4) de citerne présente une section transversale sensiblement elliptique. [Claim 10] Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the tank body (4) has a substantially elliptical cross section.
[Revendication 11] Dispositif de transport et de pressurage de raisins, caractérisé en ce qu’il comporte : [Claim 11] Device for transporting and pressing grapes, characterized in that it comprises:
- un châssis (44) monté sur au moins un essieu (46) définissant un axe d’essieu supposé horizontal, et - a chassis (44) mounted on at least one axle (46) defining an axle axis assumed to be horizontal, and
- une citerne (2) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9 dont l’axe longitudinal considéré horizontal est sensiblement perpendiculaire à l’axe d’essieu. - a tank (2) according to one of claims 1 to 9 whose longitudinal axis considered horizontal is substantially perpendicular to the axle axis.
[Revendication 12] Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le châssis (44) est un châssis articulé permettant un basculement de la citerne (2) à la manière d’une benne, et en ce que la face arrière (8) de la citerne (2) comporte une porte (40) de vidange destinée à permettre l’évacuation de marc. [Claim 12] Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the chassis (44) is an articulated chassis allowing the tank (2) to tilt in the manner of a skip, and in that the rear face (8) of the tank (2) has a drain door (40) intended to allow the evacuation of grounds.
[Revendication 13] Dispositif selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que l’ouverture (10) dans la partie supérieure du corps (4) de citerne est disposée de telle sorte qu’elle se trouve en position haute lorsque la citerne (2) est en position basculée. [Claim 13] Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the opening (10) in the upper part of the tank body (4) is arranged such that it is in the high position when the tank (2) is in the tilted position.
PCT/FR2023/051869 2022-11-29 2023-11-29 Device for transporting and pressing grapes WO2024115858A1 (en)

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FR2212474A FR3142383A1 (en) 2022-11-29 2022-11-29 Device for transporting and pressing grapes
FRFR2212474 2022-11-29

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1843298A (en) * 1930-11-12 1932-02-02 Henry E Peterson Grape press
FR2438539A1 (en) * 1978-10-13 1980-05-09 Binner Joseph Mobile press for use in vineyards - is assembled on trolley-mounted trough drawn by tractor between rows
EP0611173B1 (en) * 1993-01-08 1998-04-08 Etablissements Gregoire S.A. Process for extracting juice in wine making and apparatus for carrying-out the process
EP0824064B1 (en) * 1996-08-02 2000-03-01 Jean-Louis Bouillett Entreprise Uni Personnelle à Responsabilité Limitée Pressing apparatus with a vertical axis of movement
US20080102160A1 (en) * 2006-10-30 2008-05-01 Provina Incorporated Wine-making press
DE102011107294A1 (en) * 2011-07-15 2013-01-17 Alexander Matthias Heer Tank apparatus and a method for producing wine enabling e.g. a friendly transport of the starting material in an anaerobic environment into tank apparatus, a mash fermentation without decanting, an integrated-stemming of grapes
US20150013272A1 (en) * 2012-03-16 2015-01-15 Lagarde Heat-treatment device capable of receiving loose products

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1302199B1 (en) * 1998-09-11 2000-07-31 Siprem Internat S R L EQUIPMENT PERFECTED FOR THE SEPARATION OF SOLID LIQUID SUBSTANCES, IN PARTICULAR FOR THE EXTRACTION OF JUICE FROM THE FRUIT AND

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1843298A (en) * 1930-11-12 1932-02-02 Henry E Peterson Grape press
FR2438539A1 (en) * 1978-10-13 1980-05-09 Binner Joseph Mobile press for use in vineyards - is assembled on trolley-mounted trough drawn by tractor between rows
EP0611173B1 (en) * 1993-01-08 1998-04-08 Etablissements Gregoire S.A. Process for extracting juice in wine making and apparatus for carrying-out the process
EP0824064B1 (en) * 1996-08-02 2000-03-01 Jean-Louis Bouillett Entreprise Uni Personnelle à Responsabilité Limitée Pressing apparatus with a vertical axis of movement
US20080102160A1 (en) * 2006-10-30 2008-05-01 Provina Incorporated Wine-making press
DE102011107294A1 (en) * 2011-07-15 2013-01-17 Alexander Matthias Heer Tank apparatus and a method for producing wine enabling e.g. a friendly transport of the starting material in an anaerobic environment into tank apparatus, a mash fermentation without decanting, an integrated-stemming of grapes
US20150013272A1 (en) * 2012-03-16 2015-01-15 Lagarde Heat-treatment device capable of receiving loose products

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