WO2024113591A1 - 一种氟硅酸制备氟化氢的方法及其装置 - Google Patents

一种氟硅酸制备氟化氢的方法及其装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024113591A1
WO2024113591A1 PCT/CN2023/086449 CN2023086449W WO2024113591A1 WO 2024113591 A1 WO2024113591 A1 WO 2024113591A1 CN 2023086449 W CN2023086449 W CN 2023086449W WO 2024113591 A1 WO2024113591 A1 WO 2024113591A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fixedly connected
rod
groove
lifting
spring
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PCT/CN2023/086449
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
华博文
黄宗发
傅玮兴
廖鸿辉
廖育能
Original Assignee
福建省龙氟新材料有限公司
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Publication of WO2024113591A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024113591A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
    • B01D29/64—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes, nozzles, or the like, acting on the cake side of the filtering element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B7/00—Halogens; Halogen acids
    • C01B7/19—Fluorine; Hydrogen fluoride

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen fluoride preparation, and in particular to a method for preparing hydrogen fluoride from fluorosilicic acid and a device thereof.
  • Hydrogen fluoride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula HF. Under normal conditions, it is a colorless, pungent, toxic gas with a strong hygroscopicity. It produces white smoke when it comes into contact with air. It is easily soluble in water and can be infinitely miscible with water to form hydrofluoric acid. In the process of preparing hydrogen fluoride, the reactants produced by its reaction have a certain recovery value and can be recycled. The existing reactor cannot automatically collect the reactants, and then performs a one-time manual collection after a long period of accumulation. The long-term accumulation is likely to affect the filtration efficiency of the filter.
  • the production device cannot automatically collect the available reactants, which affects the production efficiency of hydrogen fluoride.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing hydrogen fluoride from fluorosilicic acid and a device thereof, aiming to solve the shortcoming that the production device cannot automatically collect the available reactants, thereby affecting the production efficiency of hydrogen fluoride.
  • the present invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for preparing hydrogen fluoride from fluorosilicic acid, comprising the following steps: S1, placing fluorosilicic acid and ammonia water into a reactor at the same time for a two-stage ammoniation reaction, wherein the reaction generates ammonia oxide solution and silicon dioxide, the two substances are separated by a filter screen, and the silicon dioxide solid is retained on the filter screen and collected by a collecting mechanism; S2, the ammonia oxide solution reacts with calcium oxide in the middle of the reactor after passing through the filter screen, and the ammonia oxide solution generates dilute ammonia water after the reaction, and the dilute ammonia water enters the top again through a reflux mechanism to react with fluorosilicic acid in a cycle; S3, calcium oxide generates calcium fluoride after the reaction, and the ammonia water remaining in the calcium fluoride is dried by a drying mechanism, and after the drying is completed, pure water is sprayed with a spraying mechanism to contact
  • the purity of the calcium oxide in step S2 is greater than or equal to 80%, and the purity of the calcium oxide recycled in step S4 is the same as the purity of the calcium oxide used for the first time.
  • the purity of the aqueous ammonia in step S1 is the same as that of the dilute aqueous ammonia in step S2.
  • a device for preparing hydrogen fluoride from fluorosilicic acid comprises a reactor, wherein a filter screen is fixedly connected inside the reactor, a guide strip is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reactor, a reciprocating assembly is arranged inside the reactor, a scraping strip for pushing silicon dioxide solids to move is arranged on the reciprocating assembly, a base is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the reactor, a lifting assembly is arranged inside the base, a partition is vertically movably connected inside the lifting assembly, a locking assembly for fixing the lifting of the partition is arranged at the connection between the lifting assembly and the partition, and a processing assembly for cleaning silicon dioxide solids is arranged at the lower end of the base.
  • the lifting assembly includes a lifting slot, an inclined slot, a movable opening, a first spring, a movable frame, a first pushing slot, a lifting frame, a second pushing slot and a sliding rod.
  • the lifting slot is opened inside the base body, the partition is movably connected to the inside of the lifting slot, and the inner wall of the lifting slot is opened with two inclined slots, one end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reactor, the other end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the outer end of the movable frame, the outer end of the movable frame is movably connected to the guide rod, the bottom of the movable frame is movably connected to the inside of the movable opening, the first pushing slot is opened at the inner end of the movable frame, the lifting frame is movably connected to the inside of the lifting slot, the outer end of the lifting frame is movably connected to the two ends of the partition, the second pushing slot is opened through the lifting frame, the middle part of the sliding rod is movably connected to the inside of the first pushing slot and the second pushing slot, and the two ends of the sliding rod are movably connected to the inside of the inclined slot.
  • the locking assembly includes a locking chamber, a stabilizing guide rod, a second spring, a movable rod, a blocking block, a third spring, a second block and a guide strip.
  • the locking chamber is opened on both sides of the partition.
  • the stabilizing guide rod is fixedly connected to the interior of the locking chamber.
  • One end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the locking chamber.
  • the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable rod.
  • the blocking block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the movable rod.
  • One end of the third spring is fixedly connected to the interior of the lifting frame.
  • the other end of the third spring is fixedly connected to the outer side of the second block. The inner side of the guide strip and the upper end of the locking chamber are clamped with each other.
  • the partition also includes a first clamping block, a clamping slot and an electromagnet.
  • the first clamping block is fixedly connected to the lower end of the movable rod
  • the guide bar is arranged on the inner side of the base
  • the two ends of the partition are limited and movably connected to the inner side of the guide bar
  • the clamping slot is opened at the inner lower end of the guide bar
  • the electromagnet is fixedly connected to the outer side of the clamping slot.
  • the processing assembly includes a heating device, an air-drying device, an electric telescopic rod, a movable body, a recovery groove, a fourth spring, a receiving plate, an electric contact and an electric contact groove.
  • the heating device is arranged on the top of the inner wall of the base, the air-drying device is arranged on the top of the inner wall of the base, the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base, the outer side of the output end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable body, the movable body is movably connected to the inside of the base, the recovery groove is opened in the inside of the base, the fourth spring is fixedly connected to the recovery groove, the receiving plate is fixedly connected to the top of the fourth spring, the electric contact is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the receiving plate, and the electric contact groove is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the recovery groove.
  • the base body is composed of an inclined pre-storage chamber and a processing chamber for drying silicon dioxide solids. Both sides of the partition are provided with grooves for stability, which can stabilize the up and down movement of the partition.
  • the motor is electrically connected to an external power supply of the equipment. After the motor is powered on, it can drive the chain for transmission through transmission teeth.
  • the outer wall of the stabilizing block is symmetrically provided with grooves that are compatible with the stabilizing rod. The stabilizing rod slides in the groove of the outer wall of the stabilizing block to stabilize the scraping effectiveness of the scraping strip on the silica solids.
  • the length of the first pushing groove is the same as the height of the inclined groove, the first pushing groove can effectively drive the sliding rod to slide up and down inside the inclined groove, the length of the second pushing groove is adapted to the left and right spacing of the inclined groove, and the sliding rod can effectively drive the lifting frame to move up and down through the second pushing groove.
  • the upper and lower ends of the locking cavity are both extended outward, so as to facilitate the outward movement of the blocking block and the first clamping block.
  • the material of the first clamping block is set to be a magnetic conductive material, so that it can be magnetically attracted by the electromagnet.
  • the inner end of the second clamping block is set to be spherical, so that the blocking block can push the second clamping block so that it cannot be engaged with the upper end of the locking cavity.
  • the electromagnet is electrically connected to the electrical contact, and can generate magnetic attraction to the first clamping block when energized.
  • the electric telescopic rod is electrically connected through an external timing control device, which can control the contraction of the electric telescopic rod in a timely manner after the electric contact and the electric contact groove are in electrical contact.
  • the movable body is arranged to be hollow on one side and solid on the other side. When the hollow movable body moves outward, a part of its solid body can seal the inside of the base.
  • the air-drying device and the electric contact groove are all electrically connected to an external power supply. After the heating device is energized, it can heat and dry the silicon dioxide. After the air-drying device is energized, it can cooperate with the heat of the heating device to air-dry the silicon dioxide.
  • the device for preparing hydrogen fluoride from fluorosilicic acid in the present invention can realize that the reciprocating rod is driven by the chain to move toward one side of the base inside the reciprocating groove, and the reciprocating rod scrapes the silica solids on the filter screen through the scraping bar, thereby achieving the effect of automatically cleaning the residual silica solids, preventing the silica solids from clogging the filter screen and causing the filter screen to be unusable.
  • the silica solids can be made to roll, preventing the residual ammonia oxide solution from remaining on the silica solids, thereby preventing the problem of waste of ammonia oxide solution when cleaning the silica solids.
  • the device for preparing hydrogen fluoride from fluorosilicic acid in the present invention can ensure the stability of the scraping bar during movement through the limiting activity of the stabilizing rod on the outer wall of the stabilizing block, prevent the scraping bar from loosening when scraping the silica solids and causing the silica solids to be unable to be scraped, and improve the effectiveness of the scraping bar in scraping the silica solids.
  • the device for preparing hydrogen fluoride from fluorosilicic acid in the present invention can realize that after the heating device and the air-drying device are powered on, the heating device heats the silicon dioxide solid, and the air-drying device blows hot air to air-dry the silicon dioxide solid, thereby preventing residual ammonia oxide solution from flowing out when collecting the silicon dioxide solid, thereby improving the safety of the device when in use.
  • the device for preparing hydrogen fluoride from fluorosilicic acid in the present invention can realize the downward movement of the partition by the lifting frame through the second block, and then divide the substrate again, so that the substrate can be divided into two parts: a pre-storage chamber and a processing chamber, which can prevent the heat of the heating device from emitting into the interior of the reactor during the heating process, thereby reducing the influence of the heat on the reaction inside the reactor and ensuring the stability of the reaction inside the reactor.
  • the device for preparing hydrogen fluoride from fluorosilicic acid in the present invention can realize the movement of the movable body to the other side by the electric telescopic rod, and the movable body pushes the dried silicon dioxide solid on the receiving plate to move outward. At this time, it is collected by an external collecting device, thereby achieving the effect of automatic collection, effectively reducing the steps of manual collection, improving the collection efficiency of the reaction residues, and also enabling the effect of rapid secondary utilization.
  • FIG1 is a perspective schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the substrate of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the reciprocating groove of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective schematic diagram of the internal structure of the reciprocating assembly of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the sectional view of the peripheral structure of the scraping strip of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in FIG. 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lifting assembly of the present invention.
  • FIG8 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B in FIG7 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lifting tank of the present invention from top view.
  • FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point C in FIG. 9 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the locking assembly of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point D in FIG. 11 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the positional relationship of the movable structure of the present invention.
  • the terms “center”, “lateral”, “up”, “down”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside” and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing hydrogen fluoride from fluorosilicic acid: S1, fluorosilicic acid and ammonia water are simultaneously placed in a reactor 1 for a two-stage amination reaction, wherein the reaction generates ammonia oxide solution and silicon dioxide, and the two substances are separated by a filter screen 2, and the silicon dioxide solid is retained on the filter screen 2 and collected by a collecting mechanism; S2, the ammonia oxide solution reacts with the calcium oxide in the middle of the reactor after passing through the filter screen 2, and the ammonia oxide solution reacts to generate dilute ammonia water, which enters the top again through a reflux mechanism to react with fluorosilicic acid in a cycle; S3, calcium oxide reacts to generate calcium fluoride, and the ammonia water remaining in the calcium fluoride is dried by a drying mechanism.
  • S1 fluorosilicic acid and ammonia water are simultaneously placed in a reactor 1 for a two-stage amination reaction, wherein the reaction
  • pure water is sprayed with a spraying mechanism to react with the calcium fluoride in contact, thereby generating hydrogen fluoride and calcium oxide; S4, the calcium oxide is recovered and reused, and the calcium oxide reacts again with the ammonia oxide solution; S5, the hydrogen fluoride generated by the reaction is collected.
  • the purity of the calcium oxide in step S2 is greater than or equal to 80%, and the purity of the calcium oxide recycled in step S4 is the same as the purity of the calcium oxide used for the first time.
  • the purity of the aqueous ammonia in step S1 is the same as that of the dilute aqueous ammonia in step S2.
  • a device for preparing hydrogen fluoride from fluorosilicic acid includes a reactor 1, a filter screen 2 is fixedly connected to the interior of the reactor 1, a guide strip 3 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reactor 1, a reciprocating assembly 4 is arranged inside the reactor 1, a scraping strip 5 for pushing the movement of silica solids is arranged on the reciprocating assembly 4, a base 6 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the reactor 1, the base 6 consists of an inclined pre-storage chamber and a processing chamber for drying silica solids, a lifting assembly 7 is arranged inside the base 6, a partition 8 is vertically movably connected to the lifting assembly 7, grooves for stability are arranged on both sides of the partition 8, which play a role in stabilizing the up and down movement of the partition 8, a locking assembly 9 for fixing the lifting of the partition 8 is arranged at the connection between the lifting assembly 7 and the partition 8, and a processing assembly 10 for cleaning the
  • an ammonia oxide solution and a silicon dioxide solid are generated.
  • the ammonia oxide solution passes through the filter screen 2 and continues to react downward, and the silicon dioxide accumulates on the filter screen 2.
  • the scraping bar 5 is driven to reciprocate by the reciprocating component 4, and then the silicon dioxide solid on the filter screen 2 is continuously scraped toward the inside of the substrate 6 by the scraping bar 5.
  • the reciprocating component 4 scrapes the silicon dioxide solid to the side of the filter screen 2 close to the substrate 6 through the scraping bar 5
  • the reciprocating component 4 causes the lifting component 7 to drive the partition 8 to move upward through the locking component 9, and the silicon dioxide solid falls to the processing component under the action of the inclined pre-storage chamber of the substrate 6.
  • the silicon dioxide solids are dried by the processing component 10 to prevent the residual ammonia oxide solution from remaining on the silicon dioxide solids.
  • the locking component 9 contacts the clamping relationship between the lifting component 7 and the partition 8, and the partition 8 is clamped in the lowest position through the locking component 9.
  • the partition 8 divides the substrate 6 to prevent the heat of the processing component 10 when processing the silicon dioxide solids from entering the interior of the reactor 1 and affecting the reaction.
  • the processing component 10 is pushed out and collected through an external timing control device for secondary use.
  • the reciprocating assembly 4 includes a transmission bin 401, a reciprocating groove 402, a motor 403, a transmission tooth 404, a chain 405, a reciprocating rod 406, a guide rod 407, a stabilizing block 408 and a stabilizing rod 409.
  • the transmission bin 401 is arranged inside the reactor 1, and the reciprocating groove 402 is arranged on the inner wall of the transmission bin 401 through the transmission bin 401.
  • the two motors 403 are fixedly connected to the inside of the transmission bin 401.
  • the motor 403 is electrically connected to the external power supply of the device.
  • the motor 403 After the motor 403 is energized, it can drive the chain 405 to transmit through the transmission tooth 404.
  • the two transmission teeth 404 are fixedly connected to the motor 40 3, both ends of the chain 405 are transmission-connected to the transmission gear 404, the reciprocating rod 406 is fixedly connected to the chain 405, the scraping bar 5 is rotationally connected to the reciprocating rod 406, the guide rod 407 is fixedly connected to the inside of the reactor 1, the stabilizing block 408 is movably connected to the guide rod 407, and the outer wall of the stabilizing block 408 is symmetrically provided with grooves adapted to the stabilizing rod 409, and the scraping effectiveness of the scraping bar 5 on the silica solids can be stabilized by the stabilizing rod 409 sliding inside the groove of the outer wall of the stabilizing block 408.
  • the stabilizing rod 409 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the scraping bar 5, and the stabilizing rod 409 is limitedly movably connected to the outer wall of the stabilizing block 408.
  • the lifting assembly 7 includes a lifting slot 701, an inclined slot 702, a movable opening 703, a first spring 704, a movable frame 705, a first push slot 706, a lifting frame 707, a second push slot 708 and a slide bar 709.
  • the lifting slot 701 is provided inside the base 6, the partition plate 8 is movably connected inside the lifting slot 701, and two inclined slots 702 are provided on the inner wall of the lifting slot 701.
  • One end of the first spring 704 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reactor 1, and the other end of the first spring 704 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the movable frame 705.
  • the outer end of the movable frame 705 is movably connected to the guide rod 407.
  • the bottom of the movable frame 705 is movably connected to the inside of the movable opening 703.
  • the first push slot 706 is provided on the inner wall of the movable frame 705. At the inner end, the length of the first pushing groove 706 is the same as the height of the inclined groove 702.
  • the first pushing groove 706 can effectively drive the sliding rod 709 to slide up and down inside the inclined groove 702.
  • the lifting frame 707 is movably connected to the inside of the lifting groove 701.
  • the outer end of the lifting frame 707 is movably connected to the two ends of the partition 8.
  • the second pushing groove 708 is opened on the lifting frame 707.
  • the length of the second pushing groove 708 is adapted to the left and right intervals of the inclined groove 702.
  • the sliding rod 709 can effectively drive the lifting frame 707 to move up and down through the second pushing groove 708.
  • the middle part of the sliding rod 709 is movably connected to the inside of the first pushing groove 706 and the second pushing groove 708, and the two ends of the sliding rod 709 are movably connected to the inside of the inclined groove 702.
  • the locking assembly 9 includes a locking cavity 901, a stabilizing guide rod 902, a second spring 903, a movable rod 904, a blocking block 905, a third spring 907, a second clamping block 908 and a guide strip 909.
  • the locking cavity 901 is provided on both sides of the partition 8, and the upper and lower ends of the locking cavity 901 are both penetrated to the outside, which facilitates the blocking block 905 and the first clamping block 906 to move outward.
  • the stabilizing guide rod 902 is fixedly connected to the inside of the locking cavity 901, and the second spring One end of 903 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the locking chamber 901, the other end of the second spring 903 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable rod 904, the blocking block 905 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the movable rod 904, one end of the third spring 907 is fixedly connected to the inside of the lifting frame 707, the other end of the third spring 907 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the second clamping block 908, the inner side end of the second clamping block 908 is set to a spherical shape, which makes it easier for the blocking block 905 to push the second clamping block 908 so that it cannot be clamped with the upper end of the locking chamber 901, and the inner side of the guide bar 909 is clamped with the upper end of the locking chamber 901.
  • the partition 8 also includes a first card block 906, a card slot 910 and an electromagnet 911.
  • the first card block 906 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the movable rod 904.
  • the material of the first card block 906 is set to be a magnetic conductive material, which can be magnetically attracted by the electromagnet 911.
  • the guide bar 909 is set on the inner side of the base 6.
  • the two ends of the partition 8 are limited and movably connected to the inner side of the guide bar 909.
  • the card slot 910 is opened at the inner lower end of the guide bar 909.
  • the electromagnet 911 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the card slot 910.
  • the electromagnet 911 is electrically connected to the electrical contact 1008. After the electromagnet 911 is energized, it can generate magnetic attraction to the first card block 906.
  • the processing assembly 10 includes a heating device 1001, an air-drying device 1002, an electric telescopic rod 1003, a movable body 1004, a recovery groove 1005, a fourth spring 1006, a receiving plate 1007, an electric contact 1008 and an electric contact groove 1009.
  • the heating device 1001 is arranged on the top of the inner wall of the substrate 6, and the heating device 1001 is electrically connected to an external power supply. After the heating device 1001 is powered on, it can heat and dry the silicon dioxide.
  • the air-drying device 1002 is arranged on the top of the inner wall of the substrate 6, and the air-drying device 1002 is electrically connected to an external power supply. After the air-drying device 1002 is powered on, the heat of the heating device 1001 can dry the silicon dioxide.
  • the electric telescopic rod 1003 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the substrate 6, and the outer side of the output end of the electric telescopic rod 1003 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable body 1004.
  • the electric telescopic rod 1003 is electrically connected through an external timing control device, which can control the contraction of the electric telescopic rod 1003 in a timely manner after the electric contact 1008 is in electrical contact with the electric contact groove 1009.
  • the movable body 1004 is movably connected to the inside of the base 6.
  • the movable body 1004 is set to be hollow on one side and solid on the other side. When the hollow movable body 1004 moves outward, a part of its solid can block the inside of the base 6.
  • the recovery groove 1005 is opened in the inside of the base 6, the fourth spring 1006 is fixedly connected to the recovery groove 1005, the receiving plate 1007 is fixedly connected to the top of the fourth spring 1006, the electric contact 1008 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the receiving plate 1007, the electric contact groove 1009 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the recovery groove 1005, and the electric contact groove 1009 is electrically connected to an external power supply.
  • the overall working principle of the above-mentioned embodiments 1 to 4 is as follows: in the initial state, the fourth spring 1006 is in a relaxed and stretched state, the fourth spring 1006 makes the receiving plate 1007 in the highest position, the receiving plate 1007 and the hollow position of the movable body 1004 are mutually engaged, the electric contact 1008 is not in electrical contact with the electric contact groove 1009, the electric contact 1008 is in a power-off state, at this time the electromagnet 911 is in a power-off state and does not generate magnetism, the second spring 903 is in a contracted state, the second spring 903 makes the movable rod 904 at the innermost side of the locking cavity 901, and the third spring 907 is in a relaxed and extended state, the third spring 907 makes the second clamping block 908 clamped with the upper end of the locking chamber 901, the outer side of the movable frame 705 is not squeezed, the first spring 704 is in a relaxed and extended state, the first spring 704 makes the movable frame 705
  • the chain 405 drives the reciprocating rod 406 to move to the bottom position of the reciprocating groove 402.
  • the reciprocating rod 406 drives the stabilizing rod 409 to move downward on the outer wall of the stabilizing block 408 through the scraping bar 5, and the stabilizing rod 409 is used to stabilize the reciprocating rod 406.
  • the stability of the scraping bar 5 during the movement can be guaranteed, and the scraping bar 5 can be prevented from loosening when scraping the silica solids, resulting in the inability to scrape the silica solids, thereby improving the effectiveness of the scraping bar 5 in scraping the silica solids.
  • the reciprocating rod 406 can scrape the silica solids on the filter screen 2 through the scraping bar 5, thereby achieving the effect of automatically cleaning the residual silica solids, preventing the silica solids from clogging the filter screen 2 and causing the filter screen 2 to be unusable.
  • the silica solids can be made to roll, preventing the residual ammonia oxide solution from remaining on the silica solids, thereby preventing the problem of waste of ammonia oxide solution when cleaning the silica solids.
  • the scraping strip 5 drives the stabilizing block 408 to move toward the side of the base 6 on the guide rod 407 through the stabilizing rod 409.
  • the stabilizing block 408 abuts against the outer end of the movable frame 705
  • the stabilizing block 408 pushes the movable frame 705 to move toward the inside of the lifting groove 701 through the movable opening 703 and compresses the first spring 704.
  • the movable frame 705 drives the sliding rod 709 to slide upward inside the inclined groove 702 through the first pushing groove 706.
  • the sliding rod 709 passes through the second pushing groove 708 to make the lifting frame 707 move upward.
  • the lifting frame 707 drives the partition 8 through the second clamping block 908.
  • the interior of the lifting tank 701 moves upward, because the side of the base body 6 close to the reactor 1 is set as an inclined pre-storage chamber, the silicon dioxide solids roll down to the receiving plate 1007 under the action of the inclined pre-storage chamber, because the heating device 1001 and the air-drying device 1002 are electrically connected to the external power supply, at this time, after the heating device 1001 and the air-drying device 1002 are powered on, the heating device 1001 heats the silicon dioxide solids, and the air-drying device 1002 blows hot air to dry the silicon dioxide solids, so as to prevent the residual ammonia oxide solution from flowing out when the silicon dioxide solids are collected, thereby improving the safety of the device when in use.
  • the silica solids on the receiving plate 1007 When the weight of the silica solids on the receiving plate 1007 is greater than the elastic force of the fourth spring 1006, the silica solids cause the receiving plate 1007 to move downward to the inside of the recovery tank 1005 and compress the fourth spring 1006.
  • the receiving plate 1007 cannot be engaged with the hollow position of the movable body 1004.
  • the receiving plate 1007 drives the electrical contact 1008 to electrically contact the electrical contact slot 1009. Because the electrical contact slot 1009 is electrically connected to the external power supply of the device, the electrical contact slot 1009 energizes the electrical contact 1008. Because the electrical contact 1008 is electrically connected to the electromagnet 911, the electromagnet 911 is energized. After the electromagnet 911 is energized, it generates magnetism.
  • the partition 8 drives the first clamping block 906 to overlap horizontally with the clamping slot 910. Because the first clamping block 906 is set to a magnetic conductive material, the first clamping block 906 drives the movable rod 904 to move outward inside the locking cavity 901 under the action of the magnetic attraction of the electromagnet 911. The first clamping block 906 moves outward to the inside of the clamping slot 910 for clamping. During the process of the movable rod 904 moving outward, the stabilizing guide rod 902 moves outward stably and stretches the second spring 903.
  • the movable rod 904 drives the blocking block 905 to move outward
  • the blocking block 905 squeezes the second clamping block 908 connected to the upper end of the locking cavity 901, so that the second clamping block 908 moves toward the inside of the lifting frame 707 and compresses the third spring 907.
  • the second clamping block 908 cannot be connected with the upper end of the locking cavity 901, thereby releasing the connection between the lifting assembly 7 and the partition 8, and the lifting assembly 7 cannot drive the partition 8 to move up and down.
  • the partition 8 is locked in the lowest position, which effectively fixes and divides the substrate 6, thereby preventing the silica solids from continuing to fall onto the receiving plate 1007.
  • the silica solids can be temporarily stored through the inclined pre-storage cavity.
  • the heating device 1001 and the air-drying device 1002 continuously dry the silica solids on the receiving plate 1007.
  • the electric telescopic rod 1003 is controlled to retract through an external timing control device.
  • the electric telescopic rod 1003 drives the movable body 1004 to move to the other side.
  • the movable body 1004 pushes the dried silica solids on the receiving plate 1007 to move outward.
  • the silica solids are collected through an external collection device, thereby achieving an automatic collection effect, effectively reducing the steps of manual collection, and improving the collection efficiency of reaction residues.
  • the secondary utilization effect can also be achieved quickly.
  • components in the present application are all universal standard components or components well known to those skilled in the art, which effectively solves the problem that the production device cannot automatically collect available reactants, thus affecting the production efficiency of hydrogen fluoride.

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Abstract

提供了一种氟硅酸制备氟化氢的方法及其装置。该装置包括反应釜，反应釜内部固定连接有滤网，反应釜内壁固定连接有导流条，反应釜的内部设置有往复组件，复组件上设置有用于推动二氧化硅固体物移动的刮除条，通过链条带动往复杆在往复槽的内部向基体的一侧运动，往复杆通过刮除条将滤网上的二氧化硅固体物进行刮动，实现了自动清理残留的二氧化硅固体物的效果，防止二氧化硅固体物堵塞滤网而导致滤网无法使用的问题，同时在刮动二氧化硅固体物时能够使得二氧化硅固体物滚动，防止二氧化硅固体物上残留氟化铵溶液，进而能够防止在清理二氧化硅固体物时出现氟化铵溶液浪费的问题。

Description

一种氟硅酸制备氟化氢的方法及其装置 技术领域
本发明涉及氟化氢制备技术领域，具体是涉及一种氟硅酸制备氟化氢的方法及其装置。
 背景技术
氟化氢是一种无机化合物，化学式为HF，在常态下是一种无色、有刺激性气味的有毒气体，具有非常强的吸湿性，接触空气即产生白色烟雾，易溶于水，可与水无限互溶形成氢氟酸，在氟化氢制备的过程中，其反应产生的反应物具有一定的回收价值，能够循环利用，现有的反应釜对反应物的处理无法做到自动化收集，进而在长时间的堆积后进行一次性手动收集，长时间的堆积容易影响滤网的过滤效率，同时因为氟化氢具有一定的毒性，若通过人工手动收集难免会出现氟化氢泄漏的问题，同时一次性收集影响一定的氟化氢生产进程，降低氟化氢生产工序联动性，降低氟化氢生产效率。
由上可见，生产装置无法做到自动化进行收集可利用的反应物而影响氟化氢生产效率的问题。
因此，需要提供一种氟硅酸制备氟化氢的方法及其装置，旨在解决上述问题。
 技术问题
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明实施例的目的在于提供一种氟硅酸制备氟化氢的方法及其装置，旨在解决生产装置无法做到自动化进行收集可利用的反应物而影响氟化氢生产效率的缺点。
 技术解决方案
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种氟硅酸制备氟化氢的方法，包括以下步骤：S1、将氟硅酸与氨水同时放入到反应釜中进行两级氨化反应，其反应生成氧化氨溶液与二氧化硅，通过滤网将两种物质分离，二氧化硅固体物留置在滤网上通过收集机构进行收集；S2、氧化氨溶液通过滤网后与反应釜中部的氧化钙反应，氧化氨溶液反应后生成稀氨水，稀氨水通过回流机构再次进入到顶部与氟硅酸进行循环反应；S3、氧化钙反应后生成氟化钙，将氟化钙中残留的氨水通过烘干机构进行烘干处理，烘干完成后使用喷洒机构喷洒纯水与氟化钙进行接触反应，进而生成氟化氢与氧化钙；S4、将氧化钙回收后再次利用，氧化钙再次与氧化氨溶液再次进行反应；S5、将反应生成的氟化氢进行收集。
作为本发明进一步的方案，步骤S2中氧化钙的纯度大于等于80%，步骤S4中二次利用的氧化钙纯度与首次使用的氧化钙纯度相同。
作为本发明进一步的方案，步骤S1中氨水与步骤S2中稀氨水纯度相同。
一种氟硅酸制备氟化氢的装置，包括反应釜，所述反应釜的内部固定连接有滤网，所述反应釜的内壁固定连接有导流条，所述反应釜的内部设置有往复组件，所述往复组件上设置有用于推动二氧化硅固体物移动的刮除条，所述反应釜的外壁上固定连接有基体，所述基体的内部设置有升降组件，所述升降组件的内部竖向活动连接有隔板，所述升降组件与隔板的连接处设置有用于固定隔板升降的锁止组件，所述基体的下端设置有用于清理二氧化硅固体物的处理组件。
作为本发明进一步的方案，所述往复组件包括传动仓、往复槽、电机、传动齿、链条、往复杆、导向杆、稳定块和稳定杆，所述传动仓开设在反应釜的内部，所述往复槽贯穿开设在传动仓的内壁上，两个所述电机均固定连接在传动仓的内部，两个所述传动齿均固定连接在电机的输出端上，所述链条的两端均与传动齿传动连接，所述往复杆固定连接在链条上，所述刮除条转动连接在往复杆上，所述导向杆固定连接在反应釜的内部，所述稳定块活动连接在导向杆上，所述稳定杆固定连接在刮除条的上表面，所述稳定杆限位活动连接在稳定块的外壁上。
作为本发明进一步的方案，所述升降组件包括升降槽、斜槽、活动口、第一弹簧、活动架、第一推动槽、升降架、第二推动槽和滑杆，所述升降槽开设在基体的内部，所述隔板活动连接在升降槽的内部，所述升降槽的内壁开设有两个斜槽，所述第一弹簧的一端固定连接反应釜的内壁上，所述第一弹簧的另一端与活动架的外侧端固定连接，所述活动架的外侧端活动连接在导向杆上，所述活动架的底部活动连接在活动口的内部，所述第一推动槽开设在活动架的内侧端，所述升降架活动连接在升降槽的内部，所述升降架的外侧端与隔板的两端限位活动连接，所述第二推动槽贯穿开设在升降架上，所述滑杆的中部活动连接在第一推动槽与第二推动槽的内部，所述滑杆的两端活动连接在斜槽的内部。
作为本发明进一步的方案，所述锁止组件包括锁止腔、稳定导杆、第二弹簧、活动杆、封堵块、第三弹簧、第二卡块和导向条，所述锁止腔开设在隔板的两侧，所述稳定导杆固定连接锁止腔的内部，所述第二弹簧的一端与锁止腔的内壁固定连接，所述第二弹簧的另一端与活动杆的外壁固定连接，所述封堵块固定连接在活动杆的上端，所述第三弹簧的一端固定连接升降架的内部，所述第三弹簧的另一端与第二卡块的外侧固定连接，所述导向条的内侧与锁止腔的上端相互卡接。
作为本发明进一步的方案，所述隔板还包括第一卡块、卡槽和电磁铁，所述第一卡块固定连接在活动杆的下端，所述导向条设置在基体的内侧，所述隔板的两端限位活动连接在导向条内侧，所述卡槽开设在导向条的内侧下端，所述电磁铁固定连接在卡槽的外侧。
作为本发明进一步的方案，所述处理组件包括加热装置、风干装置、电动伸缩杆、活动体、回收槽、第四弹簧、承接板、电触点和电触槽，所述加热装置设置在基体的内壁顶部，所述风干装置设置在基体的内壁顶部，所述电动伸缩杆固定连接在基体的底部，所述电动伸缩杆输出端外侧与活动体的外壁固定连接，所述活动体活动连接在基体的内部，所述回收槽开设在基体的内部，所述第四弹簧固定连接在回收槽上，所述承接板固定连接在第四弹簧的顶部，所述电触点固定连接在承接板的下表面，所述电触槽固定连接在回收槽的上表面。
作为本发明进一步的方案，所述基体的由倾斜的预储腔与烘干二氧化硅固体物的处理腔两部分组成，所述隔板的两侧设置有用于稳定的凹槽，起到能够稳定隔板上下活动的作用。
作为本发明进一步的方案，所述电机与设备外接电源电性连接，电机通电后能够通过传动齿带动链条进行传动，所述稳定块的外壁上对称开设有与稳定杆相适配的凹槽，通过稳定杆在稳定块外壁的凹槽内部滑动作用下能够稳定刮除条对二氧化硅固体物的刮动有效性。
作为本发明进一步的方案，所述第一推动槽的长度与斜槽的高度相同，第一推动槽能够有效的带动滑杆在斜槽的内部上下滑动，第二推动槽的长度与斜槽的左右间隔相适配，滑杆能够有效的通过第二推动槽带动升降架上下运动。
作为本发明进一步的方案，所述锁止腔的上下两端均贯穿向外侧，起到便于封堵块与第一卡块向外侧运动的作用，所述第一卡块的材质设置为导磁性材质，起到能够被电磁铁磁吸的作用，所述第二卡块的内侧端设置为圆球状，起到便于封堵块推动第二卡块使其无法与锁止腔上端卡接的作用，所述电磁铁与电触点电性连接，电磁铁通电后能够产生磁性磁吸第一卡块。
作为本发明进一步的方案，所述电动伸缩杆通过外接的定时控制装置电性连接，起到能够在电触点与电触槽电性接触后定时控制电动伸缩杆收缩的作用，所述活动体设置为一侧空心另一侧实心，在活动体空心向外侧运动时其实心的一部分能够对基体的内部进行封堵，所述、风干装置和电触槽均与外接电源电性连接，加热装置通电后能够对二氧化硅加热烘干，风干装置通电后配合加热装置的热量能够对二氧化硅风干的作用。
 有益效果
本发明提供的一种氟硅酸制备氟化氢的方法及其装置，与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明中的氟硅酸制备氟化氢的装置能实现通过链条带动往复杆在往复槽的内部向基体的一侧运动，往复杆通过刮除条将滤网上的二氧化硅固体物进行刮动，实现了自动清理残留的二氧化硅固体物的效果，防止二氧化硅固体物堵塞滤网而导致滤网无法使用的问题，同时在刮动二氧化硅固体物时能够使得二氧化硅固体物滚动，防止二氧化硅固体物上残留氧化氨溶液，进而能够防止在清理二氧化硅固体物时出现氧化氨溶液浪费的问题。
2、本发明中的氟硅酸制备氟化氢的装置能实现通过稳定杆在稳定块外壁限位活动的作用下，能够保证刮除条在运动过程中的稳定性，防止刮除条在刮动二氧化硅固体物时出现松动而导致无法刮动二氧化硅固体物的问题，提高刮除条刮动二氧化硅固体物的有效性。
3、本发明中的氟硅酸制备氟化氢的装置能实现通过加热装置与风干装置通电后，加热装置对二氧化硅固体物进行加热，同时风干装置吹动热气对二氧化硅固体物进行风干，防止在收集二氧化硅固体物时仍有残留的氧化氨溶液流出，提高装置使用时的安全性。
4、本发明中的氟硅酸制备氟化氢的装置能实现通过升降架通过第二卡块带动隔板向下运动，进而再次对基体进行分割，进而能够使得基体分割为预储腔与处理腔两部分，能够防止加热装置在加热过程中的热气散发进入到反应釜的内部，进而减少热气对反应釜内部反应造成的影响，保证反应釜内部反应的稳定性。
5、本发明中的氟硅酸制备氟化氢的装置能实现通过电动伸缩杆带动活动体向另一侧运动，活动体推动承接板上烘干过后的二氧化硅固体物向外侧运动，此时通过外接的收集装置进行收集，实现了自动收集的效果，有效的减少了人工收集的步骤，提高反应残留物的收集效率，同时也能够快速地进行二次利用的效果。
为更清楚地阐述本发明的结构特征和功效，下面结合附图与具体实施例来对本发明进行详细说明。
 附图说明
图1为本发明整体结构立体示意图。
图2为本发明基体内部结构剖视局部立体示意图。
图3为本发明往复槽内部结构立体示意图。
图4为本发明往复组件内部结构立体示意图。
图5为本发明刮除条周边结构剖视局部立体示意图。
图6为本发明图5中A处结构放大示意图。
图7为本发明升降组件内部结构立体示意图。
图8为本发明图7中B处结构放大示意图。
图9为本发明升降槽内部结构俯视局部立体示意图。
图10为本发明图9中C处结构放大示意图。
图11为本发明锁止组件内部结构局部立体示意图。
图12为本发明图11中D处结构放大示意图。
图13为本发明活动体结构位置关系立体示意图。
附图标记：1、反应釜；2、滤网；3、导流条；4、往复组件；401、传动仓；402、往复槽；403、电机；404、传动齿；405、链条；406、往复杆；407、导向杆；408、稳定块；409、稳定杆；5、刮除条；6、基体；7、升降组件；701、升降槽；702、斜槽；703、活动口；704、第一弹簧；705、活动架；706、第一推动槽；707、升降架；708、第二推动槽；709、滑杆；8、隔板；9、锁止组件；901、锁止腔；902、稳定导杆；903、第二弹簧；904、活动杆；905、封堵块；906、第一卡块；907、第三弹簧；908、第二卡块；909、导向条；910、卡槽；911、电磁铁；10、处理组件；1001、加热装置；1002、风干装置；1003、电动伸缩杆；1004、活动体；1005、回收槽；1006、第四弹簧；1007、承接板；1008、电触点；1009、电触槽。
 本发明的实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
在本发明的描述中，术语“中心”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
以下结合具体实施例对本发明的具体实现进行详细描述。
实施例一：作为本发明的一种优选实施例，一种氟硅酸制备氟化氢的方法：S1、将氟硅酸与氨水同时放入到反应釜1中进行两级氨化反应，其反应生成氧化氨溶液与二氧化硅，通过滤网2将两种物质分离，二氧化硅固体物留置在滤网2上通过收集机构进行收集；S2、氧化氨溶液通过滤网2后与反应釜中部的氧化钙反应，氧化氨溶液反应后生成稀氨水，稀氨水通过回流机构再次进入到顶部与氟硅酸进行循环反应；S3、氧化钙反应后生成氟化钙，将氟化钙中残留的氨水通过烘干机构进行烘干处理，烘干完成后使用喷洒机构喷洒纯水与氟化钙进行接触反应，进而生成氟化氢与氧化钙；S4、将氧化钙回收后再次利用，氧化钙再次与氧化氨溶液再次进行反应；S5、将反应生成的氟化氢进行收集。
作为本发明进一步的方案，步骤S2中氧化钙的纯度大于等于80%，步骤S4中二次利用的氧化钙纯度与首次使用的氧化钙纯度相同。
作为本发明进一步的方案，步骤S1中氨水与步骤S2中稀氨水纯度相同。
实施例二：如图1至图13所示，作为本发明的一种优选实施例，一种氟硅酸制备氟化氢的装置，包括反应釜1，反应釜1的内部固定连接有滤网2，反应釜1的内壁固定连接有导流条3，反应釜1的内部设置有往复组件4，往复组件4上设置有用于推动二氧化硅固体物移动的刮除条5，反应釜1的外壁上固定连接有基体6，基体6的由倾斜的预储腔与烘干二氧化硅固体物的处理腔两部分组成，基体6的内部设置有升降组件7，升降组件7的内部竖向活动连接有隔板8，隔板8的两侧设置有用于稳定的凹槽，起到能够稳定隔板8上下活动的作用，升降组件7与隔板8的连接处设置有用于固定隔板8升降的锁止组件9，基体6的下端设置有用于清理二氧化硅固体物的处理组件10。
优选的，在本实施例中，使用时，通过氟硅酸与氨水在反应釜1的内部反应后产生氧化氨溶液与二氧化硅固体物，通过滤网2的分离后，氧化氨溶液通过滤网2后向下继续反应，二氧化硅堆积在滤网2上，通过往复组件4带动刮除条5往复运动，进而通过刮除条5不停地将滤网2上二氧化硅固体物向基体6的内部刮动，在往复组件4通过刮除条5刮动二氧化硅固体物运动到滤网2上靠近基体6的一侧时，往复组件4使得升降组件7通过锁止组件9带动隔板8向上运动，二氧化硅固体物在基体6倾斜的预储腔作用下掉落到处理组件10上，通过处理组件10对二氧化硅固体物进行烘干，实现对防止二氧化硅固体物上残留氧化氨溶液，当处理组件10上放置过多的二氧化硅固体物时，此时锁止组件9接触与升降组件7与隔板8的卡接关系，通过锁止组件9使得隔板8卡接在最低位置，此时隔板8将基体6进行分割，防止处理组件10在处理二氧化硅固体物时的热量进入到反应釜1的内部影响反应，当处理组件10上的二氧化硅固体物完成全部烘干后，通过外接的定时控制装置使得处理组件10将处理后的二氧化硅固体物推出后进行收集，以便二次利用。
实施例三：如图1至图10所示，作为本发明的一种优选实施例，往复组件4包括传动仓401、往复槽402、电机403、传动齿404、链条405、往复杆406、导向杆407、稳定块408和稳定杆409，传动仓401开设在反应釜1的内部，往复槽402贯穿开设在传动仓401的内壁上，两个电机403均固定连接在传动仓401的内部，电机403与设备外接电源电性连接，电机403通电后能够通过传动齿404带动链条405进行传动，两个传动齿404均固定连接在电机403的输出端上，链条405的两端均与传动齿404传动连接，往复杆406固定连接在链条405上，刮除条5转动连接在往复杆406上，导向杆407固定连接在反应釜1的内部，稳定块408活动连接在导向杆407上，稳定块408的外壁上对称开设有与稳定杆409相适配的凹槽，通过稳定杆409在稳定块408外壁的凹槽内部滑动作用下能够稳定刮除条5对二氧化硅固体物的刮动有效性，稳定杆409固定连接在刮除条5的上表面，稳定杆409限位活动连接在稳定块408的外壁上。
升降组件7包括升降槽701、斜槽702、活动口703、第一弹簧704、活动架705、第一推动槽706、升降架707、第二推动槽708和滑杆709，升降槽701开设在基体6的内部，隔板8活动连接在升降槽701的内部，升降槽701的内壁开设有两个斜槽702，第一弹簧704的一端固定连接反应釜1的内壁上，第一弹簧704的另一端与活动架705的外侧端固定连接，活动架705的外侧端活动连接在导向杆407上，活动架705的底部活动连接在活动口703的内部，第一推动槽706开设在活动架705的内侧端，第一推动槽706的长度与斜槽702的高度相同，第一推动槽706能够有效的带动滑杆709在斜槽702的内部上下滑动，升降架707活动连接在升降槽701的内部，升降架707的外侧端与隔板8的两端限位活动连接，第二推动槽708贯穿开设在升降架707上，第二推动槽708的长度与斜槽702的左右间隔相适配，滑杆709能够有效的通过第二推动槽708带动升降架707上下运动，滑杆709的中部活动连接在第一推动槽706与第二推动槽708的内部，滑杆709的两端活动连接在斜槽702的内部。
实施例四：如图1、图2、图4、图7、图11、图12和图13所示，作为本发明的一种优选实施例，锁止组件9包括锁止腔901、稳定导杆902、第二弹簧903、活动杆904、封堵块905、第三弹簧907、第二卡块908和导向条909，锁止腔901开设在隔板8的两侧，锁止腔901的上下两端均贯穿向外侧，起到便于封堵块905与第一卡块906向外侧运动的作用，稳定导杆902固定连接锁止腔901的内部，第二弹簧903的一端与锁止腔901的内壁固定连接，第二弹簧903的另一端与活动杆904的外壁固定连接，封堵块905固定连接在活动杆904的上端，第三弹簧907的一端固定连接升降架707的内部，第三弹簧907的另一端与第二卡块908的外侧固定连接，第二卡块908的内侧端设置为圆球状，起到便于封堵块905推动第二卡块908使其无法与锁止腔901上端卡接的作用，导向条909的内侧与锁止腔901的上端相互卡接。
隔板8还包括第一卡块906、卡槽910和电磁铁911，第一卡块906固定连接在活动杆904的下端，第一卡块906的材质设置为导磁性材质，起到能够被电磁铁911磁吸的作用，导向条909设置在基体6的内侧，隔板8的两端限位活动连接在导向条909内侧，卡槽910开设在导向条909的内侧下端，电磁铁911固定连接在卡槽910的外侧，电磁铁911与电触点1008电性连接，电磁铁911通电后能够产生磁性磁吸第一卡块906。
处理组件10包括加热装置1001、风干装置1002、电动伸缩杆1003、活动体1004、回收槽1005、第四弹簧1006、承接板1007、电触点1008和电触槽1009，加热装置1001设置在基体6的内壁顶部，加热装置1001与外接电源电性连接，加热装置1001通电后能够对二氧化硅加热烘干，风干装置1002设置在基体6的内壁顶部，风干装置1002与外接电源电性连接，风干装置1002通电后配合加热装置1001的热量能够对二氧化硅风干的作用，电动伸缩杆1003固定连接在基体6的底部，电动伸缩杆1003输出端外侧与活动体1004的外壁固定连接，电动伸缩杆1003通过外接的定时控制装置电性连接，起到能够在电触点1008与电触槽1009电性接触后定时控制电动伸缩杆1003收缩的作用，活动体1004活动连接在基体6的内部，活动体1004设置为一侧空心另一侧实心，在活动体1004空心向外侧运动时其实心的一部分能够对基体6的内部进行封堵，回收槽1005开设在基体6的内部，第四弹簧1006固定连接在回收槽1005上，承接板1007固定连接在第四弹簧1006的顶部，电触点1008固定连接在承接板1007的下表面，电触槽1009固定连接在回收槽1005的上表面，电触槽1009与外接电源电性连接。
通过上述实施例一至实施例四的整体工作原理如下：初始状态下，第四弹簧1006处于松弛伸展状态，第四弹簧1006使得承接板1007处于最高位置，承接板1007与活动体1004的空心位置相互卡接，电触点1008未与电触槽1009电性接触，电触点1008处于断电状态，此时电磁铁911处于断电未产生磁性状态，第二弹簧903处于收缩状态，第二弹簧903使得活动杆904处于锁止腔901的最内侧，第三弹簧907处于松弛伸展状态，第三弹簧907使得第二卡块908与锁止腔901的上端卡接，活动架705的外侧未受到挤压，第一弹簧704处于松弛伸展状态，第一弹簧704使得活动架705处于最外侧，活动架705通过第一推动槽706带动滑杆709处于斜槽702的最低位置，滑杆709通过第二推动槽708带动升降架707处于最低位置，升降架707通过第二卡块908带动隔板8处于最低位置，进而对基体6进行分割。
工作时，通过氟硅酸与氨水在反应釜1的内部反应后产生氧化氨溶液与二氧化硅固体物，通过滤网2的分离后，氧化氨溶液通过滤网2向下继续反应，二氧化硅堆积在滤网2上，因为电机403与设备外接电源电性连接，控制电机403通电后，电机403带动固定在其输出端上的传动齿404逆时针转动，传动齿404带动链条405进行逆时针传动，链条405带动往复杆406在往复槽402的内部逆时针往复运动，因为链条405的传动有高度差，进而链条405带动往复杆406向往复槽402的底部位置运动时，此时往复杆406通过刮除条5带动稳定杆409在稳定块408的外壁上向下运动，通过稳定杆409在稳定块408外壁限位活动的作用下，能够保证刮除条5在运动过程中的稳定性，防止刮除条5在刮动二氧化硅固体物时出现松动而导致无法刮动二氧化硅固体物的问题，提高刮除条5刮动二氧化硅固体物的有效性，链条405带动往复杆406在往复槽402的内部向基体6的一侧运动时，往复杆406通过刮除条5能够将滤网2上的二氧化硅固体物进行刮动，实现了自动清理残留的二氧化硅固体物的效果，防止二氧化硅固体物堵塞滤网2而导致滤网2无法使用的问题，同时在刮动二氧化硅固体物时能够使得二氧化硅固体物滚动，防止二氧化硅固体物上残留氧化氨溶液，进而能够防止在清理二氧化硅固体物时出现氧化氨溶液浪费的问题。
当二氧化硅固体物被刮除条5刮动到靠近基体6的一侧时，刮除条5通过稳定杆409带动稳定块408在导向杆407上向基体6的一侧运动，当稳定块408与活动架705的外侧端抵接后，稳定块408推动活动架705通过活动口703向升降槽701的内部运动并压缩第一弹簧704，活动架705通过第一推动槽706带动滑杆709在斜槽702的内部向上滑动，滑杆709通过第二推动槽708使得升降架707向上运动，升降架707通过第二卡块908带动隔板8在升降槽701的内部向上运动，因为基体6靠近反应釜1的一侧设置为倾斜的预储腔，二氧化硅固体物在倾斜的预储腔作用下向下滚动到承接板1007上，因为加热装置1001与风干装置1002均与外接电源电性连接，此时控制加热装置1001与风干装置1002通电后，加热装置1001对二氧化硅固体物进行加热，同时风干装置1002吹动热气对二氧化硅固体物进行风干，防止在收集二氧化硅固体物时仍有残留的氧化氨溶液流出，提高装置使用时的安全性，当链条405带动往复杆406在往复槽402的内部向远离基体6的一侧运动时，此时在链条405高度差的作用下，链条405通过往复杆406带动刮除条5向上运动，刮除条5带动稳定杆409在稳定块408的外壁向上运动，链条405带动往复杆406向远离基体6的一侧运动，往复杆406带动刮除条5向远离基体6的一侧运动，刮除条5通过稳定杆409带动稳定块408在导向杆407上向远离基体6的一侧运动，稳定块408无法对活动架705进行挤压，活动架705在第一弹簧704伸展的作用下向升降槽701的外侧运动，活动架705通过第一推动槽706带动滑杆709在斜槽702的内部向下运动，滑杆709通过第二推动槽708带动升降架707向下运动，升降架707通过第二卡块908带动隔板8向下运动，进而再次对基体6进行分割，进而能够使得基体6分割为预储腔与处理腔两部分，能够防止加热装置1001在加热过程中的热气散发进入到反应釜1的内部，进而减少热气对反应釜1内部反应造成的影响，保证反应釜1内部反应的稳定性。
当承接板1007上的二氧化硅固体物的重量大于第四弹簧1006的弹力时，二氧化硅固体物使得承接板1007向下运动到回收槽1005的内部并压缩第四弹簧1006，承接板1007无法与活动体1004的空心位置卡接，承接板1007带动电触点1008与电触槽1009电性接触，因为电触槽1009与设备外接电源电性连接，电触槽1009使得电触点1008通电，因为电触点1008与电磁铁911电性连接，进而使得电磁铁911通电，电磁铁911通电后产生磁性，当隔板8向下运动到最低位置时，此时隔板8带动第一卡块906与卡槽910水平重合，因为第一卡块906设置为导磁性材质，进而在电磁铁911磁吸的作用下使得第一卡块906带动活动杆904在锁止腔901的内部向外侧运动，第一卡块906向外侧运动到卡槽910的内部进行卡接，活动杆904向外侧运动的过程中通过稳定导杆902稳定的向外侧运动并拉伸第二弹簧903，活动杆904带动封堵块905向外侧运动，封堵块905对卡接在锁止腔901上端的第二卡块908进行挤压，使得第二卡块908向升降架707的内部运动并压缩第三弹簧907，此时第二卡块908无法与锁止腔901的上端卡接，进而解除升降组件7与隔板8的连接，升降组件7无法带动隔板8上下运动，同时对隔板8处于最低位置进行锁定，有效的对基体6进行固定分割，进而阻止二氧化硅固体物继续掉落到承接板1007上，通过倾斜的预储腔能够对二氧化硅固体物进行短暂的存储，此时加热装置1001与风干装置1002持续地对承接板1007上二氧化硅固体物进行烘干，当烘干一段时间后，通过外接的定时控制装置控制电动伸缩杆1003收缩，电动伸缩杆1003带动活动体1004向另一侧运动，活动体1004推动承接板1007上烘干过后的二氧化硅固体物向外侧运动，此时通过外接的收集装置进行收集，实现了自动收集的效果，有效的减少了人工收集的步骤，提高反应残留物的收集效率，同时也能够快速地进行二次利用的效果。
需要特别说明的是，本申请中部件均为通用标准件或本领域技术人员通晓的部件，其有效解决了生产装置无法做到自动化进行收集可利用的反应物而影响氟化氢生产效率的问题。
对于本领域技术人员而言，虽然说明了本发明的几个实施方式以及实施例，但这些实施方式以及实施例是作为例子而提出的，并不意图限定发明的范围。这些新的实施方式能够以其他各种方式实施，在不脱离发明的主旨的范围内能够进行各种省略、替换、变更。这些实施方式及其变形包含在发明的范围及主旨中，并且包含在权利要求书所记载的发明和其等效的范围内。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种氟硅酸制备氟化氢的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：S1、将氟硅酸与氨水同时放入到反应釜中进行两级氨化反应，其反应生成氧化氨溶液与二氧化硅，通过滤网将两种物质分离，二氧化硅固体物留置在滤网上通过收集机构进行收集；S2、氧化氨溶液通过滤网后与反应釜中部的氧化钙反应，氧化氨溶液反应后生成稀氨水，稀氨水通过回流机构再次进入到顶部与氟硅酸进行循环反应；S3、氧化钙反应后生成氟化钙，将氟化钙中残留的氨水通过烘干机构进行烘干处理，烘干完成后使用喷洒机构喷洒纯水与氟化钙进行接触反应，进而生成氟化氢与氧化钙；S4、将氧化钙回收后再次利用，氧化钙再次与氧化氨溶液再次进行反应；S5、将反应生成的氟化氢进行收集。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种氟硅酸制备氟化氢的方法，其特征在于，步骤S2中氧化钙的纯度大于等于80%，步骤S4中二次利用的氧化钙纯度与首次使用的氧化钙纯度相同。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种氟硅酸制备氟化氢的方法，其特征在于，步骤S1中氨水与步骤S2中稀氨水纯度相同。
  4. 一种氟硅酸制备氟化氢的装置，应用于权利要求1至3中任一所述的氟硅酸制备氟化氢的方法中，其特征在于，包括反应釜（1），所述反应釜（1）的内部固定连接有滤网（2），所述反应釜（1）的内壁固定连接有导流条（3），所述反应釜（1）的内部设置有往复组件（4），所述往复组件（4）上设置有用于推动二氧化硅固体物移动的刮除条（5），所述反应釜（1）的外壁上固定连接有基体（6），所述基体（6）的内部设置有升降组件（7），所述升降组件（7）的内部竖向活动连接有隔板（8），所述升降组件（7）与隔板（8）的连接处设置有用于固定隔板（8）升降的锁止组件（9），所述基体（6）的下端设置有用于清理二氧化硅固体物的处理组件（10）。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种氟硅酸制备氟化氢的装置，其特征在于，所述往复组件（4）包括传动仓（401）、往复槽（402）、电机（403）、传动齿（404）、链条（405）、往复杆（406）、导向杆（407）、稳定块（408）和稳定杆（409），所述传动仓（401）开设在反应釜（1）的内部，所述往复槽（402）贯穿开设在传动仓（401）的内壁上，两个所述电机（403）均固定连接在传动仓（401）的内部，两个所述传动齿（404）均固定连接在电机（403）的输出端上，所述链条（405）的两端均与传动齿（404）传动连接，所述往复杆（406）固定连接在链条（405）上，所述刮除条（5）转动连接在往复杆（406）上，所述导向杆（407）固定连接在反应釜（1）的内部，所述稳定块（408）活动连接在导向杆（407）上，所述稳定杆（409）固定连接在刮除条（5）的上表面，所述稳定杆（409）限位活动连接在稳定块（408）的外壁上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种氟硅酸制备氟化氢的装置，其特征在于，所述升降组件（7）包括升降槽（701）、斜槽（702）、活动口（703）、第一弹簧（704）、活动架（705）、第一推动槽（706）、升降架（707）、第二推动槽（708）和滑杆（709），所述升降槽（701）开设在基体（6）的内部，所述隔板（8）活动连接在升降槽（701）的内部，所述升降槽（701）的内壁开设有两个斜槽（702），所述活动口（703）贯穿开设在反应釜（1）上，所述活动口（703）与升降槽（701）相互贯通，所述第一弹簧（704）的一端固定连接反应釜（1）的内壁上，所述第一弹簧（704）的另一端与活动架（705）的外侧端固定连接，所述活动架（705）的外侧端活动连接在导向杆（407）上，所述活动架（705）的底部活动连接在活动口（703）的内部，所述第一推动槽（706）开设在活动架（705）的内侧端，所述升降架（707）活动连接在升降槽（701）的内部，所述升降架（707）的外侧端与隔板（8）的两端限位活动连接，所述第二推动槽（708）贯穿开设在升降架（707）上，所述滑杆（709）的中部活动连接在第一推动槽（706）与第二推动槽（708）的内部，所述滑杆（709）的两端活动连接在斜槽（702）的内部。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种氟硅酸制备氟化氢的装置，其特征在于，所述锁止组件（9）包括锁止腔（901）、稳定导杆（902）、第二弹簧（903）、活动杆（904）、封堵块（905）、第三弹簧（907）、第二卡块（908）和导向条（909），所述锁止腔（901）开设在隔板（8）的两侧，所述稳定导杆（902）固定连接锁止腔（901）的内部，所述第二弹簧（903）的一端与锁止腔（901）的内壁固定连接，所述第二弹簧（903）的另一端与活动杆（904）的外壁固定连接，所述封堵块（905）固定连接在活动杆（904）的上端，所述第三弹簧（907）的一端固定连接升降架（707）的内部，所述第三弹簧（907）的另一端与第二卡块（908）的外侧固定连接，所述导向条（909）的内侧与锁止腔（901）的上端相互卡接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种氟硅酸制备氟化氢的装置，其特征在于，所述隔板（8）还包括第一卡块（906）、卡槽（910）和电磁铁（911），所述第一卡块（906）固定连接在活动杆（904）的下端，所述导向条（909）设置在基体（6）的内侧，所述隔板（8）的两端限位活动连接在导向条（909）内侧，所述卡槽（910）开设在导向条（909）的内侧下端，所述电磁铁（911）固定连接在卡槽（910）的外侧。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述的一种氟硅酸制备氟化氢的装置，其特征在于，所述处理组件（10）包括加热装置（1001）、风干装置（1002）、电动伸缩杆（1003）、活动体（1004）、回收槽（1005）、第四弹簧（1006）、承接板（1007）、电触点（1008）和电触槽（1009），所述加热装置（1001）设置在基体（6）的内壁顶部，所述风干装置（1002）设置在基体（6）的内壁顶部，所述电动伸缩杆（1003）固定连接在基体（6）的底部，所述电动伸缩杆（1003）输出端外侧与活动体（1004）的外壁固定连接，所述活动体（1004）活动连接在基体（6）的内部，所述回收槽（1005）开设在基体（6）的内部，所述第四弹簧（1006）固定连接在回收槽（1005）上，所述承接板（1007）固定连接在第四弹簧（1006）的顶部，所述电触点（1008）固定连接在承接板（1007）的下表面，所述电触槽（1009）固定连接在回收槽（1005）的上表面。
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