WO2024099177A1 - 端盖组件、储能装置以及用电设备 - Google Patents

端盖组件、储能装置以及用电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024099177A1
WO2024099177A1 PCT/CN2023/128507 CN2023128507W WO2024099177A1 WO 2024099177 A1 WO2024099177 A1 WO 2024099177A1 CN 2023128507 W CN2023128507 W CN 2023128507W WO 2024099177 A1 WO2024099177 A1 WO 2024099177A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
end cover
opening
top patch
end cap
assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/128507
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
梁金云
张亮亮
张万财
阳明
Original Assignee
深圳海辰储能科技有限公司
厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳海辰储能科技有限公司, 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳海辰储能科技有限公司
Publication of WO2024099177A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024099177A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/564—Terminals characterised by their manufacturing process
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/155—Lids or covers characterised by the material
    • H01M50/164—Lids or covers characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
    • H01M50/174—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells
    • H01M50/176—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/553—Terminals adapted for prismatic, pouch or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to an end cover assembly, an energy storage device, and an electrical equipment.
  • a top patch needs to be attached to the end cover to achieve insulation of the end cover.
  • the top patch is difficult to align with the end cover, and the attachment efficiency is low.
  • the present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application proposes an end cap assembly, and the top patch is more efficiently attached to the end cap.
  • the present application further proposes an energy storage device using the above-mentioned end cover assembly.
  • the present application further proposes an electrical device.
  • the end cover assembly includes: an end cover, a terminal assembly and a top patch, the end cover having a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other along the thickness direction thereof; the terminal assembly is arranged on the end cover; the top patch is attached to the first surface of the end cover, and a first opening for the terminal assembly to pass through is provided on the top patch, the maximum length L1 of the first opening in the length direction of the end cover and the maximum length L2 of the terminal assembly in the length direction satisfy: 0.6mm ⁇ L1-L2 ⁇ 1mm, the maximum width W1 of the first opening in the width direction of the end cover and the maximum width W2 of the terminal assembly in the width direction satisfy: 0.6mm ⁇ W1-W2 ⁇ 1mm.
  • the difficulty of attaching the top patch to the end cover can be reduced and the attachment efficiency can be improved; on the other hand, the size of the first opening is more reasonable, which can avoid the interval between the terminal assembly and the top patch being too large to ensure the insulation effect, and reduce the probability of accumulation of dust and foreign matter, thereby improving the safety of use, and can also avoid the gap between the terminal assembly and the top patch being too small, thereby reducing the difficulty of assembly between the end cover and the top patch and improving the assembly efficiency.
  • the projection of the terminal assembly on the first surface along the thickness direction of the end cover is a first projection
  • the outline of the first projection is circular
  • the first opening is circular
  • the radius r1 of the first opening and the outer diameter r2 of the first projection satisfy: 0.35mm ⁇ r1-r2 ⁇ 0.45mm, so that during the attachment process, the maximum allowable size spacing between the top patch and the terminal assembly on one side in the length direction or the width direction can reach 0.9mm, which has a larger adjustment margin, further reducing the difficulty of attachment.
  • the gap C1 between the terminal assembly and the first opening satisfies: 0.35mm ⁇ C1 ⁇ 0.45mm, which can ensure that the peripheral edge of the first opening will not contact the terminal assembly, avoid local warping or loose attachment of the top patch, improve the attachment effect, and reduce the probability of accumulation of foreign matter.
  • the end cover assembly further includes: a pressure relief mechanism, which is disposed on the end cover, and a second opening is further provided on the top patch for the pressure relief mechanism to pass through, and the maximum length L3 of the second opening in the length direction and the maximum length L4 of the pressure relief mechanism in the length direction satisfy: 0.6mm ⁇ L3-L4 ⁇ 1mm, and the maximum width W3 of the second opening in the width direction and the maximum width W4 of the pressure relief mechanism in the width direction satisfy: 0.6mm ⁇ W3-W4 ⁇ 1mm.
  • the size of the second opening used to avoid the pressure relief mechanism is larger than the size of the pressure relief mechanism.
  • the width bisector of the second opening and the width bisector of the pressure relief mechanism can coincide or stagger.
  • the length bisector of the second opening and the length bisector of the pressure relief mechanism can coincide or stagger. When they coincide, the intervals between the edges on both sides of the width and the edges on both sides of the length are 0.3mm ⁇ 0.5mm, and when they stagger, the maximum interval on one side can reach 0.6mm ⁇ 1mm, leaving a larger adjustment margin.
  • the projection of the pressure relief mechanism on the first surface along the thickness direction of the end cover is a second projection
  • the outline of the second projection is an oval circle
  • the second opening is an oval hole
  • the radius r3 of the semicircular area of the second opening and the radius r4 of the semicircular area of the second projection satisfy: 0.35mm ⁇ r3-r4 ⁇ 0.45mm.
  • the radius difference between the two is limited to 0.35mm ⁇ 0.45mm
  • the maximum adjustment margin in the width direction is 0.9mm
  • the second opening is in contact with one edge of the pressure relief mechanism in the width direction
  • the maximum interval of the other edge can reach 0.9mm.
  • the gap C2 between the pressure relief mechanism and the second opening satisfies: 0.35mm ⁇ C2 ⁇ 0.45mm.
  • the gap between the two by further limiting the gap between the two to be not less than 0.35mm, it can be ensured that the peripheral edge of the second opening will not contact the pressure relief mechanism, and the phenomenon of partial warping or loose attachment of the top patch can be avoided, which can improve the attachment effect and avoid the top patch covering
  • the cover pressure relief mechanism ensures that the pressure relief mechanism can stably and reliably perform pressure relief work, improves safety, and also reduces the probability of foreign matter accumulating around the pressure relief structure.
  • At least one third opening is provided on the top patch to expose a portion of the outer side surface of the end cover to facilitate contact or connection between the temperature test element and the voltage test element and the end cover, thereby improving the testing convenience and the testing accuracy.
  • At least one identification code is provided on the outer surface of the end cover, and at least one of the third openings is arranged opposite to at least one of the identification codes, which can make the identification code recognition simpler and more convenient, and provide convenience for subsequent inspection and traceability of the battery cells.
  • the maximum length of the end cap in the length direction is L5, the maximum length of the top patch in the length direction is L6, and they satisfy 1mm ⁇ L5-L6 ⁇ 4mm; the maximum width of the end cap in the width direction is W5, the maximum width of the top patch in the width direction is W6, and they satisfy 1mm ⁇ W5-W6 ⁇ 4mm.
  • the minimum distance between the top patch and the end cover in the length and width directions is 1mm, which can ensure that the top patch is located on the first surface of the end cover and that the top patch is completely attached to the end cover, thereby improving the attachment effect.
  • the maximum spacing distance does not exceed 4mm. A reasonable spacing distance can improve the insulation stability and reliability of the top patch.
  • a distance L7 between one side edge of the top patch in the length direction and the same side edge of the end cover in the length direction satisfies: 0.5mm ⁇ L7 ⁇ 2mm;
  • a distance W7 between one side edge of the top patch in the width direction and the same side edge of the end cover in the width direction satisfies: 0.5mm ⁇ W7 ⁇ 2mm.
  • the top patch can ensure that the lateral edges of the top patch are all located within the lateral edges of the end cover, thereby improving the attachment effect and ensuring that there will be no warping.
  • the top patch can be manually smoothed to drive out the bubbles, and the bubble removal is simple and convenient.
  • the distance between the end cover and the edge on each side of the top patch is more reasonable. Under the premise of ensuring the absolute effect, the aesthetics of the end cover assembly can be improved.
  • two terminal assemblies are disposed on the end cover, and a spacing L10 between the two terminal assemblies and a maximum length L4 of the pressure relief mechanism in the length direction satisfy the following relationship: 0.1 ⁇ L4/L10 ⁇ 0.4.
  • the pressure relief mechanism can be prevented from being too small, resulting in a slow pressure relief speed to improve safety, and the pressure relief mechanism can be prevented from being too large to reduce the probability of false triggering of the pressure relief mechanism under the same pressure, thereby improving the working stability and reliability of the pressure relief mechanism.
  • the energy storage device includes the end cover assembly described in the above embodiment.
  • the energy storage device also includes a shell, and the end cover is arranged on the shell; the shell is covered with an insulating film, the insulating film is covered on the end cover, and the length L8 of the insulating film extending from the edge of the end cover into the end cover is ⁇ 2mm, so that the shell is insulated by the insulating film, and the insulating film is covered on the end cover, which can improve the insulating effect of the insulating film.
  • the length of the overlapping area between the top patch and the insulating film is 1mm ⁇ L9 ⁇ 2mm. At least partial overlap of the top patch and the insulating film can ensure that the outer shell and the end cover are separated from the outside world to improve the insulation effect of the outer shell and the end cover; on the other hand, the area of the overlapping area is more reasonable, which can improve the attachment stability and reliability of the top patch and effectively reduce material costs.
  • the electrical equipment according to the third aspect of the present application includes the energy storage device described in the above embodiment.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an end cap assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a disassembled end cap assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the end cap and the insulating film according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the end cap and the top patch according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the coordination of the end cap, the insulating film and the top patch according to an embodiment of the present application (the insulating film is shown in dotted lines);
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Reference numerals Electrical equipment 01; Energy storage device 1000; End cap assembly 100, housing 200, electrode assembly 300, insulating film 400; End cover 10, liquid injection mechanism 11, liquid injection hole 111, sealing pin 112, recess 12; Terminal assembly 20, connecting piece 21; Top patch 30, first opening 31, second opening 32, electrode mark 33, third opening 34; Pressure relief mechanism 40, separator 50;
  • the length direction is X
  • the width direction is Y
  • the thickness direction is Z.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • installed should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • the end cap assembly 100, the energy storage device 1000 and the electrical equipment 01 according to an embodiment of the present application are described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.
  • the end cap assembly 100 includes an end cap 10 , a terminal assembly 20 and a top patch 30 .
  • the terminal assembly 20 may include an electrode terminal and a connector 21 .
  • the connector 21 is a component used to fix the electrode terminal (i.e., pole) to the end cover 10 .
  • the electrode terminal is a component used to output electrical energy of an energy storage device (taking a battery cell as an example).
  • the separator 50 is a component that separates the end cap 10 from the electrode assembly 300. Referring to Figures 2 and 6, the separator 50 is disposed on the side of the end cap 10 facing the electrode assembly 300, and the end cap 10 and the electrode assembly 300 are insulated and isolated by the separator 50.
  • the separator 50 is made of an insulating material, such as plastic, rubber, etc.
  • the end cover 10 has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other along its own thickness direction; the terminal assembly 20 is arranged on the end cover 10; the top patch 30 is attached to the first surface of the end cover 10, and the top patch 30 is provided with a first opening 31 for the terminal assembly 20 to pass through, and the maximum length L1 of the first opening 31 in the length direction of the end cover 10 and the maximum length L2 of the terminal assembly 20 in the length direction satisfy: 0.6mm ⁇ L1-L2 ⁇ 1mm, and the maximum width W1 of the first opening 31 in the width direction of the end cover 10 and the maximum width W2 of the terminal assembly 20 in the width direction satisfy: 0.6mm ⁇ W1-W2 ⁇ 1mm.
  • the top patch 30 is arranged opposite to the end cover 10, the top patch 30 moves toward the end cover 10 or the end cover 10 moves toward the top patch 30, and an adhesive layer is arranged on the side of the top patch 30 facing the end cover 10 to achieve the attachment between the end cover 10 and the top patch 30, and the dimensions of the first opening 31 in the length direction and the width direction of the end cover 10 are larger than the dimensions of the terminal assembly 20 in the length direction and the width direction of the end cover 10.
  • the margin in the alignment process of the end cover 10 and the top patch 30 is Larger, with lower coaxiality requirements, can improve attachment efficiency.
  • the maximum length difference between the two in the length direction is 0.6mm ⁇ 1mm
  • the maximum width difference between the two in the width direction is 0.6mm ⁇ 1mm.
  • the coaxiality has an alignment margin of 0.6mm ⁇ 1mm, which can reduce the coaxiality requirement to improve the attachment efficiency; on the other hand, the size margin is more reasonable, which can avoid the end cover 10 and the top patch 30 from being too large or too small, so as to improve the attachment quality.
  • the present application does not specifically limit the shapes of the terminal assembly 20 and the first opening 31.
  • the two maintain consistent outer contours, and the length and width dimensions of the first opening 31 and the length and width dimensions of the terminal assembly 20 meet the above limitations.
  • the terminal assembly 20 can be a cylinder, an elongated cylinder or a prism, etc.
  • the end cover assembly 100 of the embodiment of the present application by setting the top patch 30, and making the length dimension difference and width dimension difference between the first opening 31 of the top patch 30 and the terminal assembly 20 meet the above-mentioned limitations, on the one hand, the difficulty of attaching the top patch 30 on the end cover 10 can be reduced, and the attachment efficiency can be improved; on the other hand, the size of the first opening 31 is more reasonable, which can avoid the interval between the terminal assembly 20 and the top patch 30 being too large to ensure the insulation effect, and reduce the probability of accumulation of dust and foreign matter, thereby improving the safety of use, and can also avoid the gap between the terminal assembly 20 and the top patch 30 being too small, thereby reducing the difficulty of assembling between the end cover 10 and the top patch 30 and improving the assembly efficiency.
  • the projection of the terminal assembly 20 on the first surface along the thickness direction of the end cover 10 is a first projection
  • the contour of the first projection is circular
  • the radius r1 of the first opening 31 and the radius r2 of the first projection satisfy: 0.35mm ⁇ r1-r2 ⁇ 0.45mm.
  • the terminal assembly 20 is constructed to be cylindrical, and the first opening 31 can be correspondingly formed as a circular hole, which is arranged outside the terminal assembly 20, and the radius difference between the two is limited to between 0.35mm and 0.45mm, that is, the size difference between the two in the length direction and the width direction falls within the size range of 0.6mm to 1mm, so as to ensure that the cylindrical terminal assembly 20 also has the above-mentioned technical effect.
  • the radius difference between the two is between 0.35mm and 0.45mm, and the lateral edges of the two are at the same distance from each other's centers.
  • the maximum allowable size spacing between the top patch 30 and the terminal assembly 20 in the length direction or width direction can reach 0.9mm, which has a larger adjustment margin and further reduces the difficulty of attachment.
  • the gap C1 between the terminal assembly 20 and the first opening 31 satisfies: 0.35 mm ⁇ C1 ⁇ 0.45 mm.
  • the gap between the first opening 31 and the terminal assembly 20 is further limited to be no less than 0.35 mm and no more than 0.45 mm.
  • the terminal assembly 20 is cylindrical, and the radius difference between the first opening 31 and the terminal assembly 20 is 0.3 mm. Then, the minimum distance between the circumferential edge of the circular terminal assembly 20 and the first opening 31 can be 0.35 mm, and the maximum distance can be 0.45 mm.
  • the terminal assembly 20 is a cube, and the size difference between the first opening 31 and the terminal assembly 20 in the length direction is 0.6 mm, and the size difference in the width direction is 0.6 mm. Then, the minimum distance between the two in the corresponding length direction is 0.35 mm, and the maximum distance is 0.45 mm, while the minimum distance in the width direction is 0.35 mm, and the maximum distance is 0.45 mm.
  • the gap between the two by further limiting the gap between the two to be no less than 0.35 mm and no more than 0.45 mm, it can be ensured that the peripheral edge of the first opening 31 will not contact the terminal assembly 20, and the top patch 30 can be prevented from being partially lifted or poorly attached, thereby improving the attachment effect and avoiding excessive gaps to reduce the probability of accumulation of dust and foreign matter.
  • the end cover assembly 100 also includes: a pressure relief mechanism 40, which is arranged on the end cover 10, and a second opening 32 for the pressure relief mechanism 40 to pass through is also provided on the top patch 30, and the maximum length L3 of the second opening 32 in the length direction and the maximum length L4 of the pressure relief mechanism 40 in the length direction satisfy: 0.6mm ⁇ L3-L4 ⁇ 1mm, and the maximum width W3 of the second opening 32 in the width direction and the maximum width W4 of the pressure relief mechanism 40 in the width direction satisfy: 0.6mm ⁇ W3-W4 ⁇ 1mm.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 40 is a component for releasing the pressure inside the battery cell.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 40 is arranged on the end cover 10. When the pressure or temperature inside the battery cell reaches a threshold, the pressure inside the battery cell is released through the pressure relief mechanism 40.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 40 can be a component such as an explosion-proof valve, an explosion-proof disk, a pressure relief valve, etc.
  • the size of the second opening 32 for avoiding the pressure relief mechanism 40 is larger than the size of the pressure relief mechanism 40.
  • the width bisector of the second opening 32 and the width bisector of the pressure relief mechanism 40 can coincide or stagger.
  • the length bisector of the second opening 32 and the length bisector of the pressure relief mechanism 40 can coincide or stagger.
  • the intervals between the edges on both sides of the width and the edges on both sides of the length are 0.3mm ⁇ 0.5mm, and when they stagger, the maximum interval on one side can reach 0.6mm ⁇ 1mm, leaving a larger adjustment margin, making it easier to attach during the attachment process, and reducing the difficulty of attachment.
  • the projection of the pressure relief mechanism 40 in the thickness direction of the end cover 10 is a second projection
  • the outline of the second projection is an oval shape
  • the second opening 32 is an oval hole
  • the radius r4 of the semicircular area of the second projection and the radius r3 of the semicircular area of the oval hole satisfy: 0.35mm ⁇ r3-r4 ⁇ 0.45mm.
  • the pressure relief structure is constructed in an oval shape, for example, an oval explosion-proof plate
  • the pressure relief mechanism 40 includes a rectangular part and two semicircular parts located at both ends of the rectangular part in the length direction, the radius of the two semicircular parts is r4, and twice r4 is the width dimension of the pressure relief mechanism 40, and the radius of the two semicircular areas of the second opening 32 corresponding to the two semicircular parts is r3, and twice r3 is the width dimension of the second opening 32.
  • the radius difference between the two is limited to 0.35 mm to 0.45 mm
  • the maximum adjustment margin in the width direction is 0.9 mm
  • the second opening 32 is fitted with one edge of the pressure relief mechanism 40 in the width direction
  • the maximum spacing of the other edge can reach To 0.9mm, and at this time, there will be no overlapping area between the second opening 32 and the pressure relief mechanism 40 in the length direction, which can effectively avoid the top patch 30 blocking the pressure relief mechanism 40, improve the working stability of the pressure relief mechanism 40, and also avoid the local warping of the top patch 30, thereby improving the attachment effect.
  • the gap C2 between the pressure relief mechanism 40 and the second opening 32 satisfies: 0.35 mm ⁇ C2 ⁇ 0.45 mm.
  • the gap between the first opening 31 and the pressure relief mechanism 40 is further limited to be no less than 0.35 mm and no more than 0.45 mm.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 40 is a bursting-proof disk, and the size difference between the second opening 32 and the bursting-proof disk in the length direction is 0.6 mm, and the size difference in the width direction is 0.6 mm.
  • the corresponding minimum distance between the two in the length direction is 0.35 mm, and the maximum distance is 0.45 mm, while the minimum distance in the width direction is 0.35 mm, and the maximum distance is 0.45 mm.
  • the gap between the two by further limiting the gap between the two to be no less than 0.35 mm, it can be ensured that the peripheral edge of the second opening 32 will not contact the pressure relief mechanism 40, and the top patch 30 can be avoided from being partially lifted or poorly attached, thereby improving the attachment effect.
  • the top patch 30 covers the pressure relief mechanism 40, thereby ensuring that the pressure relief mechanism 40 can stably and reliably perform pressure relief work, thereby improving safety, and the gap is more reasonable, which can also reduce the probability of foreign matter accumulating on the side of the pressure relief structure 40.
  • At least one third opening 34 is provided on the top patch 30 to expose a portion of the outer side surface of the end cover 10 .
  • the end cap 10 and the battery cell are generally positively charged.
  • an electrical connector of the voltage test element can be directly connected to the end cap 10.
  • the test part of the temperature test element needs to be in contact with the end cap 10.
  • the present application further sets a third opening 34 on the top patch 30 so that at least part of the outer side surface of the end cover 10 can be exposed, so as to facilitate the overlap of the electrical connector of the voltage test element and the end cover 10, and the contact between the test part of the temperature test element and the end cover 10. This facilitates the voltage test while the test part of the temperature test element can directly contact the end cover 10, and can also improve the temperature test accuracy.
  • At least one identification code is disposed on the outer surface of the end cover 10 , and at least one third opening 34 is disposed opposite to the at least one identification code.
  • the identification code can be a QR code, a barcode, etc.
  • the identification code can be identified, and can at least be used to determine a series of safety quantities of the battery cell, such as the capacity, maximum allowable voltage, maximum discharge current, and other safety quantities of the battery cell, as well as traceability quantities such as production batch, date, and factory.
  • the third opening 34 is used to expose the identification code, thereby improving the convenience of identification code recognition, and can also provide convenience for subsequent inspection and traceability of the battery cell.
  • the identification code on the end cover 10 can be scroll-printed on the end cover 10, that is, a plurality of identification codes are provided on the outer surface of the end cover 10, only one third opening 34 exposes one of the identification codes, and the top patch 30 completely covers the remaining identification codes.
  • the size of the multiple identification codes is smaller than the opening size of the third opening 34, which can ensure that at least one identification code can be exposed in the area of the third opening 34, and after the exposed identification code is erased, the remaining identification codes covered by the top patch 30 can also be used for identification after the top patch 30 is removed.
  • the portion of the end cap 10 located in the at least one third opening 34 constitutes a detection position, and the detection position is a voltage detection position and/or a temperature detection position.
  • the testing part of the temperature testing element and the electrical connector of the voltage testing element can be respectively set at the temperature detection position and the voltage detection position, which is convenient for temperature detection and voltage detection.
  • the testing element can be fixed at the corresponding detection position on the end cover assembly 100, and the overall routing can be more regular.
  • the fixing stability of the corresponding elements is higher, and the setting position is more reasonable to improve space occupancy.
  • an electrode mark 33 is provided on the top patch 30 near the terminal assembly 20 .
  • the terminal assembly 20 can be connected to the positive electrode tab to form a positive terminal, or it can be connected to the negative electrode tab to form a negative terminal.
  • the electrode mark 33 is set on the top patch 30 accordingly, which is convenient for judging the electrode polarity when the end cover assembly 100 is assembled on the outer shell 200 of the battery cell. It is also convenient for connecting the terminal assembly 20 with the bus bar, adapter bar and other structures during the process of assembling the battery cells into battery packs, battery clusters or battery modules, which can further improve the convenience of assembly, avoid wrong installation and misinstallation, and improve assembly safety.
  • the electrode mark 33 may be a mark blind hole provided on the top patch 30 . In other embodiments, the electrode mark 33 may be a mark through hole provided on the top patch 30 .
  • a marking protrusion that is consistent with the contour shape of the electrode mark 33 can be set on the end cover 10.
  • the marking through hole cooperates with the marking protrusion to achieve the positioning of the top patch 30 during the attachment process on the end cover 10, improve the attachment accuracy of the top patch 30, and ensure that the injection mechanism 11 will not leak.
  • the setting of the marking through hole area can achieve the material reduction setting of the top patch 30 and reduce material costs.
  • the electrode mark 33 is only provided on the top patch 30 corresponding to one of the terminal assemblies 20 , or the top patch 30 is provided with an electrode mark 33 corresponding to each terminal assembly 20 .
  • the terminal assembly 20 on the end cap 10 can be one or two. If the terminal assembly 20 on the end cap 10 is one, the housing 200 can be a hollow structure with openings at both ends. The end caps 10 of the two end cap assemblies 100 are respectively covered with the two openings of the housing 200, and the electrode terminals of the terminal assemblies 20 in the two end cap assemblies 100 are respectively electrically connected to the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab of the electrode assembly 300. If there are two terminal assemblies 20 on the end cap 10, the housing 200 of the battery cell can be a hollow structure with an opening formed at one end, and the electrode terminals in the two terminal assemblies 20 are respectively electrically connected to the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab of the electrode assembly 300 of the battery cell.
  • the electrode terminal in the terminal assembly 20 may be directly connected to the positive electrode tab or the negative electrode tab of the electrode assembly 300, or may be indirectly connected.
  • the electrode terminal of one terminal assembly 20 is electrically connected to the positive electrode tab through a current collecting member
  • the electrode terminal of the other terminal assembly 20 is electrically connected to the negative electrode tab through another current collecting member.
  • a terminal assembly 20 is respectively provided on two end covers 10
  • the two end covers 10 have the same structural arrangement to facilitate assembly.
  • a top patch 30 with an electrode mark 33 may be provided on only one end cover 10.
  • the top patch 30 on the end cover 10 may be provided with an electrode mark 33 only corresponding to the positive terminal and/or only corresponding to the negative terminal, so that the operator can reasonably arrange the orientation of the end cover 10 and the arrangement of the battery cells according to the electrode mark 33, thereby realizing the assembly of the energy storage device and reducing the probability of mis-installation or erroneous installation.
  • a distance C3 between the electrode mark 33 and the first opening 31 satisfies: 0.35 mm ⁇ C3 ⁇ 0.45 mm.
  • the electrode mark 33 is directly formed on the top patch 30, so that the distance between the electrode mark 33 and the first opening 31 is not less than 0.35 mm and not more than 0.45 mm.
  • the opening area on the top patch 30 also has a certain tension to avoid bending and deformation in the electrode mark 33 area or the first opening 31 area.
  • the top patch 30 itself can be prevented from being stacked during the attachment process, so as to reduce the difficulty of attachment and improve the attachment efficiency.
  • a liquid injection mechanism 11 is disposed on the end cover 10 , and the top patch 30 completely covers the liquid injection mechanism 11 .
  • a liquid injection mechanism 11 is provided on the end cover 10, and electrolyte can be injected into the battery cell through the liquid injection mechanism 11.
  • the end cover 10 is sealed by the liquid injection mechanism 11, and the top patch 30 is attached to the first surface of the end cover 10, and avoids the terminal assembly 20 and the pressure relief mechanism 40 through the first opening 31 and the second opening 32 respectively, so as to avoid obstruction to the terminal assembly 20 or the pressure relief mechanism 40, and ensure that the pressure relief mechanism 40 can achieve rapid pressure relief when the internal pressure of the battery cell is too high, and also ensure the electrical connection stability between the terminal assembly 20 and external components such as the convergence member, and ensure that the two are stably and reliably electrically connected.
  • the present application completely covers the column injection mechanism 11 through the top patch 30, and the injection mechanism 11 is a relatively weak area on the end cover 10, and leakage may occur.
  • the portion of the top patch 30 facing the injection mechanism 11 will bulge (bulge), which is convenient for quickly identifying whether there is a leak, so that the end cover assembly 100 Leakage phenomena, especially leakage phenomena in the area where the liquid injection mechanism 11 is located, can be observed with the naked eye, which reduces the difficulty of discovery and improves the convenience of maintenance.
  • top patch 30 on the end cover assembly 100 and making the top patch 30 completely cover the injection mechanism 11, it is possible to seal the area where the injection mechanism 11 is located, which has a relatively weak structure on the end cover 10.
  • the top patch 30 will bulge, so that when the injection mechanism 11 cannot achieve effective sealing, the leakage phenomenon can be observed with the naked eye, thereby reducing the difficulty of discovery and improving the convenience of maintenance.
  • the injection mechanism 11 includes an injection hole 111 provided on the end cover 10 and a sealing pin 112 located in the injection hole 111 , and the top patch 30 is pressed on the sealing pin 112 .
  • the injection hole 111 is used to inject electrolyte into the outer shell 200. After the electrolyte is injected, the injection hole 111 can be sealed by a sealing pin 112.
  • the sealing pin 112 can be threaded, plug-fitted or interference fit with the injection hole 111, and the top patch 30 is pressed on the sealing pin 112, which can improve the fixing stability and reliability of the sealing pin 112 on the injection hole 111 and ensure that the first surface of the end cover assembly 100 remains flat.
  • the adhesive layer of the top patch 30 can absorb the sealing pin 112.
  • the sealing pin 112 can be adhesively fixed by the top patch 30 to prevent the sealing pin 112 from piercing the electrode assembly 300, and also to improve the safety of the battery cell.
  • the vertical projection of the top patch 30 on the end cap 10 is completely located within the area surrounded by the edge of the end cap 10 .
  • the outer contour dimensions of the top patch 30 are smaller than the outer contour dimensions of the end cover 10, so that the edge of the top patch 30 is located inside the edge of the end cover 10, which can ensure that the top patch 30 is attached to the first surface.
  • the top patch 30 does not need to be bent relative to the end cover 10, which can avoid the edge of the top patch 30 from warping up, and the attachment effect can be improved.
  • the maximum length of the end cover 10 in the length direction is L5, the maximum length of the top patch 30 in the length direction is L6, and they satisfy 1mm ⁇ L5-L6 ⁇ 4mm; the maximum width of the end cover 10 in the width direction is W5, the maximum width of the top patch 30 in the width direction is W6, and they satisfy 1mm ⁇ W5-W6 ⁇ 4mm.
  • the distance between the other edges of the two in the length direction is 1mm to 4mm; correspondingly, when one edge of the top patch 30 in the width direction is in contact with one edge of the end cover 10 in the width direction, the distance between the other edges of the two in the width direction is 1mm to 4mm.
  • the adjustment margin of the top patch 30 is less than 1 mm, and the minimum distance between the top patch 30 and the end cover 10 in the length and width directions is 1 mm, which can ensure that the top patch 30 is located on the first surface of the end cover 10, ensure that the top patch 30 is completely attached to the end cover 10, improve the attachment effect, and the maximum spacing distance does not exceed 4 mm.
  • the spacing distance is reasonable, which can improve the insulation stability and reliability of the top patch 30.
  • one side edge of the top patch 30 in the length direction is aligned with the end cap 10 in the length direction.
  • the distance L7 between the same side edges of the top patch 30 in the width direction and the distance W7 between the same side edges of the end cover 10 in the width direction satisfy: 0.5mm ⁇ W7 ⁇ 2mm.
  • the single-sided distance between the two side edges of the top patch 30 in the length direction and the two side edges of the end cover 10 in the length direction is 0.5mm ⁇ 2mm
  • the single-sided distance between the two side edges of the top patch 30 in the width direction and the two side edges of the end cover 10 in the width direction is 0.5mm ⁇ 2mm
  • the top patch 30 can ensure that the circumferential edges of the top patch 30 are all located within the circumferential edges of the end cover 10, thereby improving the attachment effect and ensuring that there will be no warping. In addition, there is no bending area on the top patch 30. Even if bubbles appear, the top patch 30 can be manually smoothed to drive out the bubbles, and the bubble removal is simple and convenient. On the other hand, the distance between the end cover 10 and the edge on each side of the top patch 30 is more reasonable. Under the premise of ensuring the absolute effect, the aesthetics of the end cover assembly 100 can be improved.
  • two terminal assemblies 20 are provided on the end cover 10 , and the spacing L10 between the two terminal assemblies 20 and the maximum length L4 of the pressure relief mechanism 40 in the length direction satisfy: 0.1 ⁇ L4/L10 ⁇ 0.4.
  • the positive terminal assembly and the negative terminal assembly are both arranged on the end cover 10, and the spacing between the two terminal assemblies 20 and the maximum length of the pressure relief mechanism 40 in the first length direction satisfy the above-mentioned proportional relationship. In fact, based on the spacing between the two terminal assemblies 20, the size of the pressure relief mechanism 40 is further limited.
  • the size of the pressure relief mechanism 40 based on the spacing between the two terminal assemblies 20, it is possible to avoid the pressure relief mechanism 40 being too small, resulting in a slow pressure relief speed, thereby improving safety. It is also possible to avoid the pressure relief mechanism 40 being too large, thereby reducing the probability of false triggering of the pressure relief mechanism 40 under the same pressure, thereby improving the working stability and reliability of the pressure relief mechanism 40.
  • the energy storage device 1000 includes the above-mentioned end cover assembly 100 .
  • the energy storage device 1000 of the present application may be a battery cell, a battery module, a battery cluster or a battery pack.
  • the energy storage device 1000 of the present application may be a battery cell, which includes: a housing 200, an electrode assembly 300, and an end cap assembly 100 of the above-mentioned embodiment, wherein the housing 200 has an opening; the electrode assembly 300 is accommodated in the housing 200; the end cap 10 of the end cap assembly 100 covers the opening, and the second surface of the end cap 10 is arranged toward the electrode assembly 300.
  • a battery cell is the smallest unit that makes up a battery module, battery cluster or battery pack.
  • the housing 200 is a component for accommodating the electrode assembly 300.
  • the housing 200 may be a hollow structure with an opening at one end, or a hollow structure with openings at both ends.
  • the housing 200 may be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.
  • the housing 200 may be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc.
  • the number of electrode assemblies 300 in the housing 200 may be one or more.
  • the end cap assembly 100 is a component that covers the opening of the housing 200 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell from the external environment.
  • battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries or magnesium-ion batteries, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • Battery cells may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular or other shapes, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to the packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • the housing 200 is provided with an electrode assembly 300 and an electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly 300 is composed of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a separator.
  • the battery cell mainly works by the movement of metal ions between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode collector.
  • the positive electrode collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer serves as a positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode collector may be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material may be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate, etc.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode collector and a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode collector.
  • the negative electrode collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer serves as a negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon, etc.
  • the number of positive electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film may be PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene), etc.
  • the electrode assembly 300 may be a winding structure or a laminated structure, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • an end cap assembly 100 in a battery cell, generally includes an end cap 10, an electrode terminal and a connector 21.
  • the electrode terminal is fixed to the end cap 10 via the connector 21.
  • the electrode terminal is used to be electrically connected to the electrode assembly 300.
  • the electrode terminal is a component for outputting electrical energy from the battery cell.
  • the portion of the electrode terminal protruding from the outer surface of the end cover 10 has a larger size in the thickness direction of the end cover 10, and the electrode terminal occupies a larger external space of the battery cell, making the battery cell larger in the thickness direction of the end cover 10.
  • the terminal assembly 20 of the battery cell occupies a larger space inside the box, reducing the energy density of the battery.
  • the present application may provide a recess 12 on the abutting surface of the end cover 10 for abutting against the connector 21 , wherein the recess 12 is recessed along the thickness direction of the end cover 10 and is used to accommodate a portion of the electrode terminal.
  • a recess 12 is provided on the abutting surface of the end cap 10 for abutting against the connector 21.
  • the recess 12 can accommodate a portion of the electrode terminal so that a portion of the electrode terminal sinks into the recess 12, thereby reducing the external space of the battery cell occupied by the electrode terminal, which is beneficial to improving the energy density of the battery.
  • the energy storage device 1000 of the present application may be a battery pack, which includes a box and a plurality of the above-mentioned battery cells, wherein the box is used to accommodate the battery cells.
  • the box body is a component for accommodating battery cells, and the box body provides a storage space for the battery cells.
  • the box body can adopt a variety of structures.
  • the box body may include a first part and a second part, and the first part and the second part cover each other to define a storage space for accommodating battery cells.
  • the first part and the second part can be in a variety of shapes, such as a cuboid, a cylinder, etc.
  • the first part can be a hollow structure with one side open, and the second part can also be a hollow structure with one side open, and the open side of the second part covers the open side of the first part, so as to form a box body with a storage space.
  • first part is a hollow structure with one side open
  • second part is a plate-like structure
  • second part covers the open side of the first part, so as to form a box body with a storage space.
  • the first part and the second part can be sealed by a sealing element, and the sealing element can be a sealing ring, a sealant, etc.
  • the battery pack mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery pack mentioned in the present application may include a battery module or a battery cluster.
  • the battery pack generally includes a box for encapsulating one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • a battery pack there can be one or more battery cells. If there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection.
  • a mixed connection means that multiple battery cells are connected in series and in parallel. Multiple battery cells can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole and accommodated in a box. Alternatively, all battery cells can be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the whole formed by all battery cells can be accommodated in a box.
  • the battery may further include a busbar, through which multiple battery cells may be electrically connected to each other to achieve series connection, parallel connection or hybrid connection of multiple battery cells.
  • the busbar may be a metal conductor, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc.
  • the energy storage device 1000 also includes: a shell 200, and the end cover 10 is covered on the shell 200; the shell 200 is covered with an insulating film 400, the insulating film 400 is covered to the end cover 10, and the length L8 of the insulating film 400 extending from the edge of the end cover 10 into the end cover 10 is ⁇ 2mm.
  • the end cap 10 is covered on the outer shell 200, and the electrode assembly 300 can be arranged in the outer shell 200 to form a battery cell (see Figure 6), and the insulating film 400 is coated on the outer shell 200 to achieve insulation of the outer shell 200 that is charged to delay oxidation, and the insulating film 400 is coated on the end cap 10, which can improve the insulating effect of the insulating film 400 on the outer shell 200.
  • the length of the overlapping region between the top patch 30 and the insulating film 400 is 1 mm ⁇ L9 ⁇ 2 mm.
  • the top patch 30 overlaps with the insulating film 400, which can ensure that the outer shell 200 and the end cover 10 are separated from the outside world, so as to improve the insulation effect of the outer shell 200 and the end cover 10; on the other hand, the area of the overlapping area is more reasonable, which can improve the attachment stability and reliability of the top patch 30 and effectively reduce the material cost.
  • the material of the insulating film 400 is similar to that of the top patch 30, and the peripheral edge of the top patch 30 is attached to the insulating film 400, which is better than the attachment effect to the end plate.
  • the insulating film 400 is wrapped around the end plate, and further at least a portion of the top patch 30 overlaps with the insulating film 400, which can effectively improve the stability and reliability of the attachment of the insulating film 400 to the end plate and reduce material costs.
  • the technical solution described in the embodiment of the present application is also applicable to the electrical equipment 01 using the energy storage device 1000 .
  • the electrical equipment 01 may be a vehicle, a mobile phone, a portable device, a laptop computer, a ship, a spacecraft, an electric toy, an electric tool, and the like.
  • the vehicle may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle, or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or an extended-range vehicle, and the like;
  • the spacecraft includes an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, and a spacecraft, and the like;
  • the electric toy includes a fixed or mobile electric toy, such as a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, and an electric airplane toy, and the like;
  • the electric tool includes a metal cutting electric tool, a grinding electric tool, an assembly electric tool, and an electric tool for railways, such as an electric drill, an electric grinder, an electric wrench, an electric screwdriver, an electric hammer, an impact drill, a concrete vibrator, and an electric planer, and the like.
  • the following embodiments are described by taking the electric device 01 as a vehicle as an example.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • An energy storage device 1000 is provided inside the vehicle, and the energy storage device 1000 can be provided at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle.
  • the energy storage device 1000 can be used for power supply of the vehicle, for example, the energy storage device 1000 can be used as an operating power source for the vehicle.
  • the vehicle may further include a controller and a motor, wherein the controller is used to control the energy storage device 1000 to supply power to the motor, for example, to meet the power requirements of starting, navigating, and driving the vehicle.
  • the energy storage device 1000 can not only serve as an operating power source for the vehicle, but also serve as a driving power source for the vehicle, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种端盖组件、储能装置以及用电设备，端盖组件包括：端盖、端子组件以及顶贴片，端盖具有沿自身厚度方向相对的第一表面和第二表面；端子组件设于端盖上；顶贴片贴附于端盖的第一表面上，顶贴片上设有用于供端子组件穿过的第一开口，第一开口在端盖的长度方向上的最大长度L1与端子组件在长度方向上的最大长度L2满足：0.6mm≤L1-L2≤1mm，第一开口在端盖的宽度方向上的最大宽度W1与端子组件在宽度方向上的最大宽度W2满足：0.6mm≤W1-W2≤1mm。

Description

端盖组件、储能装置以及用电设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求申请日为2022年11月11日、申请号为202211412892.7、专利申请名称为“端盖组件、储能装置以及用电设备”的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种端盖组件、储能装置以及用电设备。
背景技术
电池在组装过程中，需要在端盖上贴附顶贴片，以实现端盖的绝缘，在贴附过程中，顶贴片难以与端盖对正，贴附效率较低。
发明内容
本申请旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本申请提出一种端盖组件，顶贴片在端盖上的贴附效率更高。
本申请进一步提出了一种采用上述端盖组件的储能装置。
本申请进而提出了一种用电设备。
根据本申请第一方面实施例的端盖组件，包括：端盖、端子组件以及顶贴片，所述端盖具有沿自身厚度方向相对的第一表面和第二表面；所述端子组件设于所述端盖上；所述顶贴片贴附于所述端盖的所述第一表面上，所述顶贴片上设有用于供所述端子组件穿过的第一开口，所述第一开口在所述端盖的长度方向上的最大长度L1与所述端子组件在所述长度方向上的最大长度L2满足：0.6mm≤L1-L2≤1mm，所述第一开口在所述端盖的宽度方向上的最大宽度W1与所述端子组件在所述宽度方向上的最大宽度W2满足：0.6mm≤W1-W2≤1mm。
根据本申请实施例的端盖组件，通过设置顶贴片，并使顶贴片的第一开口与端子组件两者的长度尺寸差、宽度尺寸差均满足上述限定，一方面，可以降低顶贴片在端盖上的贴附难度，提高贴附效率；另一方面，第一开口的尺寸更加合理，可以避免端子组件与顶贴片之间的间隔过大，以保证绝缘效果，并降低积聚灰尘、异物的概率，提高使用安全性，也可以避免端子组件与顶帖片之间的间隙过小，以降低端盖与顶帖片之间的装配难度，提高装配效率。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述端子组件沿所述端盖的厚度方向在所述第一表面上的投影为第一投影，所述第一投影的轮廓为圆形，所述第一开口为圆形，所述第一开口的半径r1与所述第一投影的外径r2满足：0.35mm≤r1-r2≤0.45mm，以在贴附过程中，可以使顶贴片与端子组件在长度方向或宽度方向上单侧的允许最大尺寸间隔达到0.9mm，具有更大的调整余量，进一步降低贴附难度。
可选地，在所述第一表面上，所述端子组件与所述第一开口之间的间隙C1满足：0.35mm≤C1≤0.45mm，可以确保第一开口的周侧边沿不会与端子组件接触，可以避免顶贴片出现局部翘起或贴附不严现象，可以提高贴附效果，并降低积聚异物的概率。
在一些实施例中，所述端盖组件还包括：泄压机构，所述泄压机构设于所述端盖上，所述顶贴片上还设置有用于供所述泄压机构穿过的第二开口，所述第二开口在所述长度方向上的最大长度L3与所述泄压机构在所述长度方向上的最大长度L4满足：0.6mm≤L3-L4≤1mm，所述第二开口在所述宽度方向上的最大宽度W3与所述泄压机构在所述宽度方向上的最大宽度W4满足：0.6mm≤W3-W4≤1mm。
由此，用于避让泄压机构的第二开口的尺寸大于泄压机构的尺寸，在长度方向上，第二开口的宽度等分线与泄压机构的宽度等分线可以重合或错开，对应在宽度方向上，第二开口的长度等分线与泄压机构的长度等分线可以重合或错开，对应重合时，两者宽度两侧边沿、长度两侧边沿的间隔均为0.3mm～0.5mm，而错开时，单侧的最大间隔可以达到0.6mm～1mm，预留出更大的调整余量，在贴附过程中，更容易进行贴附，可以降低贴附难度。
进一步地，所述泄压机构沿所述端盖的厚度方向在所述第一表面上的投影为第二投影，所述第二投影的轮廓为腰圆形，所述第二开口为腰圆孔，在所述宽度方向上，所述第二开口的半圆形区域的半径r3与所述第二投影的半圆形区域的半径r4满足：0.35mm≤r3-r4≤0.45mm。
由此，将两者的半径差限定在0.35mm～0.45mm，宽度方向上的最大调整余量为0.9mm，第二开口与泄压机构在宽度方向上的一侧边沿贴合，另一侧边沿的最大间隔可以达到0.9mm，且此时第二开口与泄压机构在长度方向上也不会出现重合区域，可以有效避免顶贴片遮挡泄压机构，提高泄压机构的工作稳定性的同时，也可以避免顶贴片出现局部翘起现象，提高贴附效果。
可选地，在所述第一表面上，所述泄压机构与所述第二开口之间的间隙C2满足：0.35mm≤C2≤0.45mm。这样，在实现上述贴附便利性的技术效果的前提下，通过进一步限定两者之间的间隙不小于0.35mm，可以确保第二开口的周侧边沿不会与泄压机构接触，可以避免顶贴片出现局部翘起或贴附不严现象，可以提高贴附效果，同时可以避免顶贴片覆 盖泄压机构，确保泄压机构可以稳定、可靠地进行泄压工作，提高安全性，也可以降低异物积聚在泄压结构周侧的概率。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述顶贴片上设有至少一个第三开口，以露出所述端盖的部分所述外侧面，以便于温度测试元件、电压测试元件与端盖接触或相连，提高测试便利性，并可以提高测试精度。
进一步地，所述端盖的所述外侧面上设有至少一个标识码，至少一个所述第三开口正对至少一个所述标识码设置，可以使标识码的识别更加简单、方便，为后续电池单体的检修、溯源等提供便利。
进一步地，所述端盖在所述长度方向上的最大长度为L5，所述顶贴片在所述长度方向上的最大长度为L6，且满足1mm≤L5-L6≤4mm；所述端盖在所述宽度方向上的最大宽度为W5，所述顶贴片在所述宽度方向上的最大宽度为W6，且满足1mm≤W5-W6≤4mm。
由此，顶贴片与端盖在长度方向和宽度方向上的最小距离为1mm，可以确保顶贴片位于端盖的第一表面上，确保顶贴片完全贴附在端盖上，提高贴附效果，且间隔距离最大不超过4mm，间隔距离合理，可以提高顶贴片的绝缘稳定性和可靠性。
进一步地，所述顶贴片在所述长度方向上的一侧边沿与所述端盖在所述长度方向上的同一侧边沿之间的距离L7满足：0.5mm≤L7≤2mm；所述顶贴片在所述宽度方向上的一侧边沿与所述端盖在所述宽度方向上的同一侧边沿之间的距离W7满足：0.5mm≤W7≤2mm。
这样，一方面，可以确保顶贴片的周侧边沿均位于端盖的周侧边沿内，提高贴附效果，确保不会出现翘边现象，且顶贴片不存在弯折区域，即便出现气泡，可以手动抚平顶贴片，以将气泡赶出，气泡去除简单，方便；另一方面，端盖与顶贴片的每侧边沿上的距离均更加合理，在确保绝限效果的前提下，可以提高度端盖组件的美观性。
在一些实施例中，所述端盖上设置有两个所述端子组件，两个所述端子组件之间的间距L10与所述泄压机构在所述长度方向上的最大长度L4之间满足：0.1≤L4/L10≤0.4。
由此，可以避免泄压机构过小，导致泄压速度慢，以提高安全性，也可以避免泄压机构过大，以降低相同压力下，泄压机构误触发的概率，提高泄压机构的工作稳定性和可靠性。
根据本申请第二方面实施例的储能装置，包括上述实施例中所述的端盖组件。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述储能装置还包括外壳，所述端盖盖设于所述外壳；所述外壳上包覆有绝缘膜，所述绝缘膜包覆至所述端盖，且所述绝缘膜自所述端盖的边沿向所述端盖内延伸的长度L8≥2mm，以通过绝缘膜对外壳进行绝缘，而绝缘膜包覆至端盖，可以提高绝缘膜的绝缘效果。
进一步地，所述顶贴片与所述绝缘膜的重合区域的长度1mm≤L9≤2mm。这样，一方面， 顶贴片与绝缘膜的至少部分重合，可以确保外壳以及端盖与外界间隔开，以提高外壳以及端盖的绝缘效果；另一方面，重合区域的面积更加合理，可以提高顶贴片的贴附稳定性和可靠性，并有效降低物料成本。
根据本申请第三方面实施例的用电设备，包括上述实施例中所述的储能装置。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是根据本申请实施例的端盖组件的示意图；
图2是根据本申请实施例的端盖组件的拆分示意图；
图3是根据本申请实施例的端盖与绝缘膜的配合示意图；
图4是根据本申请实施例的端盖与顶贴片的配合示意图；
图5是根据本申请实施例的端盖、绝缘膜以及顶贴片的配合示意图(绝缘膜以虚线示出)；
图6是根据本申请实施例的储能装置的示意图；
图7是根据本申请实施例的用电设备的示意图。
附图标记：
用电设备01；
储能装置1000；
端盖组件100，外壳200，电极组件300，绝缘膜400；
端盖10，注液机构11，注液孔111，密封钉112，凹部12；
端子组件20，连接件21；
顶贴片30，第一开口31，第二开口32，电极标记33，第三开口34；
泄压机构40，分隔件50；
长度方向X，宽度方向Y，厚度方向Z。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
下面参考图1-图7描述根据本申请实施例的端盖组件100、储能装置1000以及用电设备01。
如图1和图2所示，根据本申请第一方面实施例的端盖组件100包括端盖10、端子组件20以及顶贴片30。
其中，端子组件20可以包括电极端子和连接件21，连接件21是用于将电极端子(即极柱)固定于端盖10的部件，电极端子是用于输出储能装置(以电池单体为例)的电能的部件。
分隔件50是将端盖10与电极组件300分隔的部件，参照图2和图6，分隔件50设置于端盖10面向电极组件300的一侧，通过分隔件50来实现端盖10与电极组件300的绝缘隔离。分隔件50为绝缘材质，分隔件50可以是诸如塑料、橡胶等材质。
具体地，参见图3、图4和图5所示，端盖10具有沿自身厚度方向相对的第一表面和第二表面；端子组件20设于端盖10上；顶贴片30贴附于端盖10的第一表面上，顶贴片30上设有用于供端子组件20穿过的第一开口31，第一开口31在端盖10的长度方向上的最大长度L1与端子组件20在长度方向上的最大长度L2满足：0.6mm≤L1-L2≤1mm，第一开口31在端盖10的宽度方向上的最大宽度W1与端子组件20在宽度方向上的最大宽度W2满足：0.6mm≤W1-W2≤1mm。
其中，顶贴片30与端盖10相对设置，顶贴片30朝向端盖10或端盖10朝向顶贴片30运动，而顶贴片30朝向端盖10的一侧设置粘性层，以实现端盖10与顶贴片30之间的贴附，而第一开口31在端盖10的长度方向和宽度方向上的尺寸均大于端子组件20在端盖10的长度方向和宽度方向的尺寸，在贴附过程中，端盖10与顶贴片30对正过程中的余量 更大，对同轴度要求更低，可以提高贴附效率。
可以理解的是，长度方向上两者的最大长度差为0.6mm～1mm，宽度方向上两者的最大宽度差为0.6mm～1mm，一方面，同轴度上具有0.6mm～1mm的对正余量，可以降低同轴度要求，以提高贴附效率；另一方面，尺寸余量更加合理，可以避免端盖10与顶贴片30间隔过大或间隔过小，以提高贴附质量。
需要指出的是，端盖10与顶贴片30的间隔过大，则端盖10的裸露区域面积过大，难以保证绝缘效果，且间隔区域容易积聚灰尘、异物，降低使用安全性，而间隔过小，端盖10与顶贴片30之间的装配难度较大，难以实现快速装配。
本申请不对端子组件20以及第一开口31的形状进行具体限定，两者保持外形轮廓一致，且第一开口31的长度尺寸、宽度尺寸与端子组件20的长度尺寸、宽度尺寸满足上述限定即可，端子组件20可以为圆柱、长圆柱或棱柱等。
根据本申请实施例的端盖组件100，通过设置顶贴片30，并使顶贴片30的第一开口31与端子组件20两者的长度尺寸差、宽度尺寸差均满足上述限定，一方面，可以降低顶贴片30在端盖10上的贴附难度，提高贴附效率；另一方面，第一开口31的尺寸更加合理，可以避免端子组件20与顶贴片30之间的间隔过大，以保证绝缘效果，并降低积聚灰尘、异物的概率，提高使用安全性，也可以避免端子组件20与顶帖片30之间的间隙过小，以降低端盖10与顶帖片30之间的装配难度，提高装配效率。
如图1和图2所示，优选地，端子组件20沿端盖10的厚度方向上在第一表面的投影为第一投影，第一投影的轮廓为圆形，第一开口31的半径r1与第一投影的半径r2满足：0.35mm≤r1-r2≤0.45mm。
具体地，在优选实施例中，端子组件20构造为圆柱形，而第一开口31对应可以形成为圆孔，圆孔套设在端子组件20外，限定两者的半径差在0.35mm～0.45mm之间，即两者在长度方向和宽度方向上的尺寸差均落入0.6mm～1mm的尺寸范围内，以确保圆柱形的端子组件20也具有上述技术效果。
更为重要的是，两者的半径差在0.35mm～0.45mm，且两者的周侧边沿达到彼此圆心的距离相等，在贴附过程中，可以使顶贴片30与端子组件20在长度方向或宽度方向上单侧的允许最大尺寸间隔达到0.9mm，具有更大的调整余量，进一步降低贴附难度。
如图4和图5所示，在第一平面上，端子组件20与第一开口31之间的间隙C1满足：0.35mm≤C1≤0.45mm。
也就是说，在使第一开口31与端子组件20在宽度方向和长度方向上的尺寸差在0.6mm～1mm的同时，进一步限定第一开口31与端子组件20的间隙不小于0.35mm，不大于0.45mm。
示例性地，端子组件20为圆柱形，第一开口31与端子组件20的半径差为0.3mm，则圆形的端子组件20的周侧边沿与第一开口31的最小距离可以为0.35mm，最大距离可以为0.45mm，端子组件20为立方体，第一开口31与端子组件20的长度方向上的尺寸差为0.6mm，宽度方向上的尺寸差为0.6mm，则对应长度方向上两者的最小距离为0.35mm，最大距离为0.45mm，而宽度方向上最小距离为0.35mm，最大距离为0.45mm。
由此，在实现上述贴附便利性的技术效果的前提下，通过进一步限定两者之间的间隙不小于0.35mm，不大于0.45mm，可以确保第一开口31的周侧边沿不会与端子组件20接触，可以避免顶贴片30出现局部翘起或贴附不严现象，可以提高贴附效果，同时避免间隙过大，以降低积聚灰尘、异物的概率。
如图1-图5所示，在一些实施例中，端盖组件100还包括：泄压机构40，泄压机构40设于端盖10上，顶贴片30上还设置有用于供泄压机构40穿过的第二开口32，第二开口32在长度方向上的最大长度L3与泄压机构40在长度方向上的最大长度L4满足：0.6mm≤L3-L4≤1mm，第二开口32在宽度方向上的最大宽度W3与泄压机构40在宽度方向上的最大宽度W4满足：0.6mm≤W3-W4≤1mm。
其中，泄压机构40是泄放电池单体内部的压力的部件。泄压机构40设置于端盖10上，在电池单体内部的压力或温度达到阈值时，通过泄压机构40泄放电池单体内部的压力。泄压机构40可以是诸如防爆阀、防爆片、泄压阀等部件。
也就是说，用于避让泄压机构40的第二开口32的尺寸大于泄压机构40的尺寸，在长度方向上，第二开口32的宽度等分线与泄压机构40的宽度等分线可以重合或错开，对应在宽度方向上，第二开口32的长度等分线与泄压机构40的长度等分线可以重合或错开，对应重合时，两者宽度两侧边沿、长度两侧边沿的间隔均为0.3mm～0.5mm，而错开时，单侧的最大间隔可以达到0.6mm～1mm，预留出更大的调整余量，在贴附过程中，更容易进行贴附，可以降低贴附难度。
优选地，参见图3、图4和图5所示，泄压机构40在端盖10的厚度方向上的投影为第二投影，第二投影的轮廓为腰圆形，第二开口32为腰圆孔，在宽度方向上，第二投影的半圆形区域的半径r4与腰圆孔的半圆形区域的半径r3满足：0.35mm≤r3-r4≤0.45mm。
具体地，在优选实施例中，泄压结构构造为腰圆形，例如：腰圆形的防爆片，泄压机构40包括矩形部分以及在长度方向上位于矩形部分两端的两个半圆形部分，两个半圆形部分的半径均为r4，二倍的r4即泄压机构40的宽度尺寸，而对应两个半圆形部分设置的第二开口32的两个半圆形区域的半径为r3，二倍的r3即第二开口32的宽度尺寸。
进而，将两者的半径差限定在0.35mm～0.45mm，宽度方向上的最大调整余量为0.9mm，第二开口32与泄压机构40在宽度方向上的一侧边沿贴合，另一侧边沿的最大间隔可以达 到0.9mm，且此时第二开口32与泄压机构40在长度方向上也不会出现重合区域，可以有效避免顶贴片30遮挡泄压机构40，提高泄压机构40的工作稳定性的同时，也可以避免顶贴片30出现局部翘起现象，提高贴附效果。
如图4所示，在第一平面上，泄压机构40与第二开口32之间的间隙C2满足：0.35mm≤C2≤0.45mm。
也就是说，在使第二开口32与泄压机构40在宽度方向和长度方向上的尺寸差在0.6mm～1mm的同时，进一步限定第一开口31与泄压机构40的间隙不小于0.35mm，不大于0.45mm。
示例性地，泄压机构40为防爆片，第二开口32与防爆片的长度方向上的尺寸差为0.6mm，宽度方向上的尺寸差为0.6mm，则对应长度方向上两者的最小距离为0.35mm，最大距离为0.45mm，而宽度方向上最小距离为0.35mm，最大距离为0.45mm。
由此，在实现上述贴附便利性的技术效果的前提下，通过进一步限定两者之间的间隙不小于0.35mm，可以确保第二开口32的周侧边沿不会与泄压机构40接触，可以避免顶贴片30出现局部翘起或贴附不严现象，可以提高贴附效果，同时可以避免顶贴片30覆盖泄压机构40，确保泄压机构40可以稳定、可靠地进行泄压工作，提高安全性，且间隙更加合理，也可以降低异物积聚在泄压结构40周侧的概率。
如图1和图2所示，根据本申请的一些实施例，顶贴片30上设有至少一个第三开口34，以露出端盖10的部分外侧面。
需要指出的是，为了延缓端盖10以及电池单体的壳体200的氧化速度，一般会是端盖10、电池单体带正电，而进行电池单体的电压测量时，可以直接将电压测试元件的一个电连接件搭接在端盖10上，在进行电池单体的温度测量时，需要将温度测试元件的测试部与端盖10接触。
基于此，本申请进一步在顶贴片30上设置第三开口34，以使端盖10的至少部分外侧面可以裸露出来，以便于电压测试元件的电连接件与端盖10的搭接、温度测试元件的测试部与端盖10的接触，便于进行电压测试的同时，温度测试元件的测试部可以直接与端盖10接触，也可以提高温度测试精度。
在一些实施例中，端盖10的外侧面上设有至少一个标识码，至少一个第三开口34正对至少一个标识码设置。
其中，标识码可以为二维码、条形码等，可以识别标识码，至少可以用于判别电池单体的容量、最大许用电压、最大放电电流等一系列电池单体的安全标量以及生产批次、日期、工厂等溯源标量，而第三开口34用于使标识码露出，提高标识码识别的便利性，也可以为后续电池单体的检修、溯源等提供便利。
可以理解的是，端盖10上的标识码可以是滚动印刷在端盖10上的，即端盖10的外侧面上设有多个标识码，仅一个第三开口34露出其中一个标识码，顶贴片30完全覆盖其余标识码。
这样，一方面，多个标识码滚动印刷，且印刷标识码时，无需先识别第三开口34所在位置，再对应印刷，可以提高加工效率；另一方面，多个标识码的尺寸小于第三开口34的开口尺寸，即可确保第三开口34区域可以露出至少一个标识码，且露出的标识码被抹除后，被顶贴片30覆盖的其余标识码，揭开顶贴片30后也可以用于识别。
在一些实施例中，端盖10位于至少一个第三开口34内的部分构成检测位，检测位为电压检测位和/或温度检测位。
由此，上述温度测试元件的测试部、电压测试元件的电连接件可以分别设置在温度检测位、电压检测位上，便于温度检测以及电压检测的同时，测试元件在端盖组件100上可以固定在对应的检测位上，也可以使整体走线更加规整，相应元件的固定稳定性更高，设置位置更加合理，以改善空间占用。
在图2所示的实施例中，根据本申请的一些实施例，顶贴片30上靠近端子组件20处设有电极标记33。
具体而言，端子组件20可以与正极极耳相连，以形成为正极端子，也可以与负极极耳相连，以形成为负极端子，而对应在顶贴片30上设置电极标记33，便于端盖组件100向电池单体的外壳200上装配时的电极极性判断，也便于电池单体组装成电池包、电池簇或电池模组的过程中，端子组件20与汇流排、转接排等结构的连接，可以进一步提高装配便利性，避免出现错装、误装，以提高装配安全性。
需要指出的是，装配过程中，一旦出现错装、误装，可能出现短接现象，瞬间起燃，甚至产生爆炸，危险性较高。
在一些实施例中，电极标记33可以为设置在顶贴片30上的标记盲孔，在另一些实施例中，电极标记33为设在顶贴片30上的标记通孔。
对应地，在端盖10上可以设置与电极标记33轮廓形状一致的标记凸起，标记通孔与标记凸起配合，可以实现顶贴片30在端盖10上贴附过程中的定位，提高顶贴片30的贴附精度，确保注液机构11不会漏出，同时标记通孔区域的设置，可以实现顶贴片30的减料设置，降低物料成本。
进一步地，端子组件20为间隔开设置的两个，顶贴片30上仅对应其中一个端子组件20设置电极标记33，或者顶贴片30对应每个端子组件20均设有电极标记33。
具体地，端盖10上的端子组件20可以是一个，也可以是两个。若端盖10上的端子组件20为一个，外壳200可以是两端形成开口的空心结构，电池单体中的端盖组件100为两 个，两个端盖组件100的端盖10分别盖合于外壳200的两个开口，两个端盖组件100中的端子组件20的电极端子分别与电极组件300的正极极耳和负极极耳电连接。若端盖10上的端子组件20为两个，则电池单体的外壳200可以是一端形成开口的空心结构，两个端子组件20中的电极端子分别与电池单体的电极组件300的正极极耳和负极极耳电连接。
端子组件20中的电极端子与电极组件300的正极极耳或负极极耳可以直接连接，也可以间接连接。以端盖10上设有两个端子组件20为例，一个端子组件20的电极端子通过一个集流构件与正极极耳电连接，另一个端子组件20的电极端子通过另一个集流构件与负极极耳电连接。
进而，在两个端盖10上分别各设置一个端子组件20的实施例中，两个端盖10结构设置相同，以便于装配，可以在完成装配后，仅在一个端盖10上设置具有电极标记33的顶贴片30，在一个端盖10上设置两个端子组件20的实施例中，该端盖10上的顶贴片30可以仅对应正极端子和/或仅对应负极端子设置电极标记33，以便于操作人员根据电极标记33，合理安排端盖10的朝向、电池单体的排布，实现储能装置的组装，降低错装、误装的概率。
如图4所示，进一步地，电极标记33与第一开口31的距离C3满足：0.35mm≤C3≤0.45mm。
具体地，电极标记33直接形成在顶贴片30上，使电极标记33与第一开口31之间的距离不小于0.35mm，不大于0.45mm，在顶贴片30上加工第一开口31、加工电极标记33时，两者之间的合理距离，可以避免加工过程中，导致顶贴片30出现撕裂，进行贴附前，顶贴片30上的开口区域也具有一定的张力，避免电极标记33区域或第一开口31区域出现弯折变形，可以避免贴附过程中，顶贴片30自身出现层叠现象，以降低贴附难度，提高贴附效率。
如图1和图2所示，端盖10上设置有注液机构11，顶贴片30完全覆盖注液机构11。
也就是说，端盖10上设置注液机构11，可以通过注液机构11向电池单体内进行电解液注入，完成电解液注入后，通过注液机构11实现对端盖10的密封，而顶贴片30贴附在端盖10的第一表面上，并通过第一开口31和第二开口32分别避让端子组件20和泄压机构40，以避免对端子组件20或泄压机构40造成阻挡，确保泄压机构40在电池单体内部压力过高时，可以实现快速泄压，也可以保证端子组件20与外界汇流构件等部件的电连接稳定性，确保两者稳定、可靠地电连接。
可以理解的是，本申请通过顶贴片30完全覆盖柱注液机构11，而注液机构11作为端盖10上结构较为薄弱的区域，可能出现泄漏，在注液机构11出现泄漏时，顶贴片30与注液机构11正对的部分会出现凸起(鼓包)，便于快速识别是否出现泄漏，使端盖组件100 的泄漏现象、尤其是注液机构11所在区域的泄漏现象，以通过肉眼观测，降低发现难度，可以提高检修便利性。
这样，通过在端盖组件100上设置顶贴片30，并使顶贴片30完全包覆注液机构11，可以实现对端盖10上结构较为薄弱的注液机构11所在区域进行封堵，而在注液机构11所在区域出现泄漏时，顶贴片30出现凸起，以在注液机构11无法实现有效密封时，可以实现对泄漏现象的肉眼观测，降低发现难度，提高检修便利性。
如图2所示，在一些实施例中，注液机构11包括设在端盖10上的注液孔111和位于注液孔111内的密封钉112，顶贴片30盖压在密封钉112上。
具体地，注液孔111用于电解液向外壳200内的注入，而在电解液注入完毕后，可以通过密封钉112进行注液孔111的密封，密封钉112可以与注液孔111螺纹配合、插接配合或过盈配合，而顶贴片30盖压在密封钉112上，可以提高密封钉112在注液孔111上的固定稳定性和可靠性，并确保端盖组件100的第一表面保持平整，同时顶贴片30的粘性层可以吸合密封钉112，密封钉112与注液孔111之间的配合出现失效时，可以通过顶贴片30粘性固定密封钉112，避免密封钉112刺破电极组件300，也可以提高电池单体的安全性。
在一些实施例中，顶贴片30在端盖10上的垂直投影，完全位于端盖10的边沿所围的区域内。
也就是说，顶贴片30的外形轮廓尺寸小于端盖10的外形轮廓尺寸，以使顶贴片30的边沿位于端盖10的边沿内，可以确保顶贴片30贴附在第一表面上，顶贴片30无需相对端盖10进行弯折，可以避免顶贴片30的边沿出现翘起现象，可以提高贴附效果。
如图3和图4所示，进一步地，端盖10在长度方向上的最大长度为L5，顶贴片30在长度方向上的最大长度为L6，且满足1mm≤L5-L6≤4mm；端盖10在宽度方向上的最大宽度为W5，顶贴片30在宽度方向上的最大宽度为W6，且满足1mm≤W5-W6≤4mm。
也就是说，顶贴片30在长度方向上的一侧边沿与端盖10在长度方向上的一侧边沿贴合时，两者在长度方向上另一侧边沿的距离为1mm～4mm，对应顶贴片30在宽度方向上一侧边沿与端盖10在宽度方向上的一侧边沿贴合时，两者在宽度方向上的另一侧边沿的距离为1mm～4mm。
可以理解的是，基于第一开口31与端子组件20之间的参数限定、第二开口32与泄压机构40之间的参数限定，顶贴片30的调整余量小于1mm，而顶贴片30与端盖10在长度方向和宽度方向上的最小距离为1mm，可以确保顶贴片30位于端盖10的第一表面上，确保顶贴片30完全贴附在端盖10上，提高贴附效果，且间隔距离最大不超过4mm，间隔距离合理，可以提高顶贴片30的绝缘稳定性和可靠性。
如图3、图4和图5所示，顶贴片30在长度方向上的一侧边沿与端盖10在长度方向上 的同一侧边沿之间的距离L7满足：0.5mm≤L7≤2mm；顶贴片30在宽度方向上的一侧边沿与端盖10在宽度方向上的同一侧边沿之间的距离W7满足：0.5mm≤W7≤2mm。
也就是说，顶贴片30在长度方向上的两侧边沿与端盖10在长度方向上的两侧边沿的单侧距离为0.5mm～2mm，顶贴片30在宽度方向上的两侧边沿与端盖10在宽度方向上的两侧边沿的单侧距离为0.5mm～2mm。
这样，一方面，可以确保顶贴片30的周侧边沿均位于端盖10的周侧边沿内，提高贴附效果，确保不会出现翘边现象，且顶贴片30不存在弯折区域，即便出现气泡，可以手动抚平顶贴片30，以将气泡赶出，气泡去除简单、方便；另一方面，端盖10与顶贴片30的每侧边沿上的距离均更加合理，在确保绝限效果的前提下，可以提高度端盖组件100的美观性。
如图5所示，根据本申请的一些实施例，端盖10上设置有两个端子组件20，两个端子组件20之间的间距L10与泄压机构40在长度方向上的最大长度L4之间满足：0.1≤L4/L10≤0.4。
具体而言，正极端子组件和负极端子组件均设置在端盖10上，两个端子组件20之间的间距与泄压机构40在第一长度方向上的最大长度满足上述比例关系，实际上基于两个端子组件20的间距，进一步限定了泄压机构40的尺寸大小。
可以理解的是，两个端子组件20之间的间距越大，对应可以设置泄压机构40的区域的面积越大，而基于两个端子组件20之间的间距限制泄压机构40的尺寸，可以避免泄压机构40过小，导致泄压速度慢，以提高安全性，也可以避免泄压机构40过大，以降低相同压力下，泄压机构40误触发的概率，提高泄压机构40的工作稳定性和可靠性。
根据本申请第二方面实施例的储能装置1000，包括上述端盖组件100。
需要指出的是，本申请的储能装置1000可以是电池单体、电池模组、电池簇或电池包。
示例性地，本申请储能装置1000可以为电池单体，电池单体包括：外壳200、电极组件300以及上述实施例的端盖组件100，外壳200具有开口；电极组件300容纳于外壳200内；端盖组件100的端盖10盖合于开口，且端盖10的第二表面朝向电极组件300设置。
电池单体是指组成电池模组、电池簇或电池包的最小单元。
外壳200是用于容纳电极组件300的部件，外壳200可以是一端形成开口的空心结构，外壳200也可以是两端形成开口的空心结构。外壳200可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。外壳200的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。
外壳200内的电极组件300可以是一个，也可以是多个。
端盖组件100是盖合于外壳200的开口以将电池单体的内部环境与外部环境隔绝的组件。
需要中指出的是，本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
外壳200内设置有电极组件300和电解液，电极组件300由正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件300可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
进一步地，电池技术的发展要同时考虑多方面的设计因素，例如，能量密度、循环寿命、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数。
如图2所示，在电池单体中，端盖组件100一般包括端盖10、电极端子和连接件21，电极端子通过连接件21固定于端盖10上，电极端子用于与电极组件300电连接，电极端子为电池单体输出电能的部件。
为保证电极端子与其他部件(比如汇流构件)的连接，电极端子凸出于端盖10的外表面的部分在端盖10的厚度方向上的尺寸较大，电极端子占用了较大的电池单体的外部空间，使得电池单体在端盖10的厚度方向上的尺寸较大。电池单体的端子组件20占用了箱体内部较大的空间，降低了电池的能量密度。
鉴于此，本申请可以通过在端盖10上用于与连接件21相抵的抵靠面上设有凹部12，凹部12沿端盖10的厚度方向凹陷，凹部12用于容纳电极端子的一部分。
在这样的端盖组件100中，端盖10上用于与连接件21相抵的抵靠面上设有凹部12，凹部12能够容纳电极端子的一部分，使得电极端子的一部分下沉至凹部12内，减少电极端子占用电池单体的外部空间，有利于提高电池的能量密度。
示例性地，本申请的储能装置1000可以为电池包，电池包包括箱体和多个上述电池单体，箱体用于容纳电池单体。
其中，箱体是容纳电池单体的部件，箱体为电池单体提供容纳空间，箱体可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体可以包括第一部分和第二部分，第一部分与第二部分相互盖合，以限定出用于容纳电池单体的容纳空间。第一部分和第二部分可以是多种形状，比如，长方体、圆柱体等。第一部分可以是一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分也可以是一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分的开放侧盖合于第一部分的开放侧，则形成具有容纳空间的箱体。也可以是第一部分为一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分为板状结构，第二部分盖合于第一部分的开放侧，则形成具有容纳空间的箱体。第一部分与第二部分可以通过密封元件来实现密封，密封元件可以是密封圈、密封胶等。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池包是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池包可以包括电池模块或电池簇等。电池包一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
在电池包中，电池单体可以是一个、也可以是多个。若电池单体为多个，多个电池单体之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体中既有串联又有并联。可以是多个电池单体先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体内。也可以是所有电池单体之间直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将所有电池单体构成的整体容纳于箱体内。
在一些实施例中，电池还可以包括汇流部件，多个电池单体之间可通过汇流部件实现电连接，以实现多个电池单体的串联或并联或混联。汇流部件可以是金属导体，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金等。
在图4和图5所示的实施例中，根据本申请的一些实施例，储能装置1000还包括：外壳200，端盖10盖设于外壳200；外壳200上包覆有绝缘膜400，绝缘膜400包覆至端盖10，且绝缘膜400自端盖10的边沿向端盖10内延伸的长度L8≥2mm。
具体地，端盖10盖设在外壳200上，外壳200内可以设置电极组件300，以组成电池单体(参见图6)，而绝缘膜400包覆在外壳200上可以实现带电以延缓氧化的外壳200的绝缘，而绝缘膜400包覆至端盖10，可以提高绝缘膜400对外壳200的绝缘效果。
如图5所示，进一步地，顶贴片30与绝缘膜400的重合区域的长度1mm≤L9≤2mm。
这样，一方面，顶贴片30与绝缘膜400的至少部分重合，可以确保外壳200以及端盖10与外界间隔开，以提高外壳200以及端盖10的绝缘效果；另一方面，重合区域的面积更加合理，可以提高顶贴片30的贴附稳定性和可靠性，并有效降低物料成本。
可以理解的是，绝缘膜400与顶贴片30的材质相近，而顶贴片30的周侧边沿与绝缘膜400贴附，相较与端板的贴附效果更好，绝缘膜400包覆至端板，进一步顶贴片30的至少部分与绝缘膜400重合，可以有效提高绝缘膜400在端板上的贴附的稳定性和可靠性，并降低物料成本。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案还适用于使用储能装置1000的用电设备01。
用电设备01可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电设备01不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电设备01为车辆为例进行说明。
请参照图7，图7为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图，车辆的内部设置有储能装置1000，储能装置1000可以设置在车辆的底部或头部或尾部。储能装置1000可以用于车辆的供电，例如，储能装置1000可以作为车辆的操作电源。
车辆还可以包括控制器和马达，控制器用来控制储能装置1000为马达供电，例如，用于车辆的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，储能装置1000不仅仅可以作为车辆的操作电源，还可以作为车辆的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆提供驱动动力。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“实施例”、“示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本申请的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本申请的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种端盖组件，其中，包括：
    端盖(10)，所述端盖(10)具有沿自身厚度方向相对的第一表面和第二表面；
    端子组件(20)，所述端子组件(20)设于所述端盖(10)上；和
    顶贴片(30)，所述顶贴片(30)贴附于所述端盖(10)的所述第一表面上，所述顶贴片(30)上设有用于供所述端子组件(20)穿过的第一开口(31)，所述第一开口(31)在所述端盖(10)的长度方向上的最大长度L1与所述端子组件(20)在所述长度方向上的最大长度L2满足：0.6mm≤L1-L2≤1mm，所述第一开口(31)在所述端盖(10)的宽度方向上的最大宽度W1与所述端子组件(20)在所述宽度方向上的最大宽度W2满足：0.6mm≤W1-W2≤1mm。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的端盖组件，其中，所述端子组件(20)沿所述端盖(10)的厚度方向在所述第一表面上的投影为第一投影，所述第一投影的轮廓为圆形，所述第一开口(31)为圆形，所述第一开口(31)的半径r1与所述第一投影的半径r2满足：0.35mm≤r1-r2≤0.45mm。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的端盖组件，其中，在所述第一表面上，所述端子组件(20)与所述第一开口(31)之间的间隙C1满足：0.35mm≤C1≤0.45mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的端盖组件，其中，所述端盖组件还包括泄压机构(40)，所述泄压机构(40)设于所述端盖(10)上，所述顶贴片(30)上还设置有用于供所述泄压机构(40)穿过的第二开口(32)，所述第二开口(32)在所述长度方向上的最大长度L3与所述泄压机构(40)在所述长度方向上的最大长度L4满足：0.6mm≤L3-L4≤1mm，所述第二开口(32)在所述宽度方向上的最大宽度W3与所述泄压机构(40)在所述宽度方向上的最大宽度W4满足：0.6mm≤W3-W4≤1mm。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的端盖组件，其中，所述泄压机构(40)沿所述端盖(10)的厚度方向在所述第一表面上的投影为第二投影，所述第二投影的轮廓为腰圆形，所述第二开口(32)为腰圆孔，在所述宽度方向上，所述第二开口的半圆形区域的半径r3与所述第二投影的半圆形区域的半径r4满足：0.35mm≤r3-r4≤0.45mm。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的端盖组件，其中，在所述第一表面上，所述泄压机构(40)与所述第二开口(32)之间的间隙C2满足：0.35mm≤C2≤0.45mm。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的端盖组件(100)，其中，所述顶贴片(30)上设有至少一个第三开口(34)，以露出所述端盖(10)的部分外侧面。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的端盖组件，其中，所述端盖(10)的所述外侧面上设有至少一 个标识码，至少一个所述第三开口(34)正对至少一个所述标识码设置。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的端盖组件，其中，所述端盖(10)在所述长度方向上的最大长度为L5，所述顶贴片(30)在所述长度方向上的最大长度为L6，且满足1mm≤L5-L6≤4mm；
    所述端盖(10)在所述宽度方向上的最大宽度为W5，所述顶贴片(30)在所述宽度方向上的最大宽度为W6，且满足1mm≤W5-W6≤4mm。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的端盖组件，其中，所述顶贴片(30)在所述长度方向上的一侧边沿与所述端盖(10)在所述长度方向上的同一侧边沿之间的距离L7满足：0.5mm≤L7≤2mm；
    所述顶贴片(30)在所述宽度方向上的一侧边沿与所述端盖(10)在所述宽度方向上的同一侧边沿之间的距离W7满足：0.5mm≤W7≤2mm。
  11. 根据权利要求4-6中任一项所述的端盖组件，其中，所述端盖(10)上设置有两个所述端子组件(20)，两个所述端子组件(20)之间的间距L10与所述泄压机构(40)在所述长度方向上的最大长度L4之间满足：0.1≤L4/L10≤0.4。
  12. 一种储能装置，其中，包括权利要求1-11中任一项所述的端盖组件。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的储能装置，其中，所述储能装置还包括外壳(200)，所述端盖(10)盖设于所述外壳(200)；所述外壳(200)上包覆有绝缘膜(400)，所述绝缘膜(400)包覆至所述端盖(10)，且所述绝缘膜(400)自所述端盖(10)的边沿向所述端盖(10)内延伸的长度L8≥2mm。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的储能装置，其中，所述顶贴片(30)与所述绝缘膜(400)的重合区域的长度1mm≤L9≤2mm。
  15. 一种用电设备，其中，包括权利要求12-14中任一项所述的储能装置。
PCT/CN2023/128507 2022-11-11 2023-10-31 端盖组件、储能装置以及用电设备 WO2024099177A1 (zh)

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