WO2024098548A1 - 沙尘采集装置及气体采样系统 - Google Patents

沙尘采集装置及气体采样系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024098548A1
WO2024098548A1 PCT/CN2023/071601 CN2023071601W WO2024098548A1 WO 2024098548 A1 WO2024098548 A1 WO 2024098548A1 CN 2023071601 W CN2023071601 W CN 2023071601W WO 2024098548 A1 WO2024098548 A1 WO 2024098548A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dust collection
air inlet
filter
sand
dust
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PCT/CN2023/071601
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曲永磊
张雨扬
朱星铭
胡云波
严蓝漪
刘美伊
王甸
黄璐琼
栾一刚
孙海鸥
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哈尔滨工程大学
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Application filed by 哈尔滨工程大学 filed Critical 哈尔滨工程大学
Publication of WO2024098548A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024098548A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of gas component sampling, and in particular to a dust collection device and a gas sampling system.
  • the air generally contains dust particles of different concentrations and components, and understanding their specific conditions is of great significance for air quality evaluation, environmental status assessment, etc.
  • many monitoring and experimental projects require collection devices to be set up at their locations to separate dust samples from the air and collect them for further analysis.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a sand and dust collection device and a gas sampling system to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, which can collect sand and dust in the gas and prevent sand and dust from clogging working equipment.
  • the present invention provides the following solutions:
  • the present invention provides a sand and dust collection device, comprising a main box body and a power device, wherein a sand and dust collection mechanism is installed in the main box body, and an air inlet and an air outlet are also provided on the main box body, and the air inlet and the air outlet are separated by a filter component; when the incoming gas enters the main box body through the air inlet, the filter component can block the sand and dust in the incoming gas, and the blocked sand and dust can fall into the sand and dust collection mechanism for collection; wherein the power device can drive the incoming gas to flow.
  • the air inlet and the air outlet are respectively located on both sides of the main box body, and the air inlet is arranged opposite to the air outlet; wherein, the air inlet and the air outlet are both located at the top of the side wall of the main box body.
  • the filter assembly includes a first filter assembly, which includes a first filter mechanism and a first baffle, wherein the first baffle is fixed in the main box body, and when the incoming gas enters the main box body through the air inlet, the first baffle can block the incoming gas; the first filter mechanism is installed in the sand and dust collection mechanism and is located below the first baffle.
  • a first filter assembly which includes a first filter mechanism and a first baffle, wherein the first baffle is fixed in the main box body, and when the incoming gas enters the main box body through the air inlet, the first baffle can block the incoming gas; the first filter mechanism is installed in the sand and dust collection mechanism and is located below the first baffle.
  • the first filtering mechanism separates the dust collection mechanism into a first cavity and a second cavity; wherein, the first cavity is arranged close to the air inlet, and the second cavity is arranged close to the air outlet; a third filtering mechanism is arranged on the top of the second cavity, and the third filtering mechanism can cover the top of the second cavity.
  • the first filtering mechanism comprises two layers of filter screens sequentially arranged along the gas flow direction, and filter paper can be inserted between the two layers of filter screens;
  • the third filtering mechanism comprises a filter paper box, and filter paper can be inserted into the filter paper box, and filter holes are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the filter paper box.
  • the filter assembly also includes a second filter assembly
  • the second filter assembly includes a second filter mechanism and a second baffle
  • the second baffle is fixed in the dust collection mechanism
  • the second filter mechanism is installed in the main box body and is located above the second baffle; wherein, the first filter assembly and the second filter assembly are arranged in parallel, and the first filter assembly and the second filter assembly are each provided with a plurality, and the first filter assembly and the second filter assembly are staggered along the direction from the air inlet to the air outlet.
  • the sand and dust collection mechanism is a sand and dust collection box, and the sand and dust collection box is detachably installed in the main box body.
  • a receiving cavity is provided at the bottom of the main box body, a guide rail groove is provided at the bottom of the receiving cavity, a sliding guide rail matching the guide rail groove is provided at the bottom of the sand and dust collection box, and the sand and dust collection box can slide along the guide rail groove, so that the sand and dust collection box can be installed in the receiving cavity or pulled out from the receiving cavity;
  • a limiting groove is also provided on the side wall of the sand and dust collecting box.
  • the limiting groove is arranged around the side wall of the sand and dust collecting box.
  • a sealing ring is also provided in the limiting groove. The sand and dust collecting box is sealed with the inner wall of the main box body through the sealing ring.
  • the air inlet is equipped with an air inlet door, the top and bottom of the air inlet are both provided with slide grooves, and the top and bottom of the air inlet door are correspondingly provided with slide rails matching the slide grooves; wherein the slide groove is parallel to the plane where the air inlet is located, and the air inlet door can slide along the slide groove to open or close the air inlet;
  • the air outlet is connected to an air outlet pipe, and the air outlet pipe is connected to the power device.
  • the invention also discloses a gas sampling system, comprising the above-mentioned sand and dust collecting device.
  • a dust collecting mechanism is installed in the main box body of the present invention, and the air inlet and the air outlet of the main box body are separated by a filter assembly; when the incoming gas enters the main box body through the air inlet, the filter assembly can block the sand and dust in the incoming gas, and the blocked sand and dust can fall into the sand and dust collecting mechanism for collection, thereby achieving effective collection of the sand and dust in the gas and preventing the sand and dust from clogging the working equipment.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of a dust collecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of various components of a dust collection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a main box body according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dust collection box according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a sealing ring used in conjunction with a dust collection box in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the filter paper box in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a front view of a filter paper box according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Fig. 7;
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of an air inlet door in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 is a flange base
  • 2 is a dust collection box
  • 21 is a collection box handle
  • 22 is a filter screen
  • 23 is a sliding guide rail
  • 3 is a sealing ring
  • 4 is a front baffle
  • 5 is an air outlet duct
  • 6 is an air inlet door
  • 61 is a door handle
  • 62 is a slide rail
  • 7 is a main box body
  • 71 is a guide rail groove
  • 8 is a filter paper box
  • 81 is a filter paper socket
  • 82 is a cut filter paper groove
  • 9 is a first baffle.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a sand and dust collection device and a gas sampling system to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, which can collect sand and dust in the gas and prevent sand and dust from clogging working equipment.
  • this embodiment provides a sand and dust collection device, which mainly includes a main box body 7 and a power device.
  • a sand and dust collection mechanism is installed in the main box body 7.
  • An air inlet and an air outlet are also provided on the main box body 7, and the air inlet and the air outlet are separated by a filter component; when the incoming gas enters the main box body 7 through the air inlet, the filter component can block the sand and dust in the incoming gas, and the blocked sand and dust can fall into the sand and dust collection mechanism for collection, thereby realizing effective collection of sand and dust in the gas and preventing sand and dust from clogging the working equipment; wherein, the power device can drive the incoming gas to flow.
  • the dust collection mechanism is preferably a dust collection box 2 of a rectangular structure, and the main box body 7 is also a corresponding rectangular box body; the air inlet and the air outlet are respectively located on both sides of the main box body 7, and the air inlet and the air outlet are arranged opposite to each other; wherein the air inlet and the air outlet are both located on the top of the side wall of the main box body 7; or, the air inlet and the air outlet can be respectively located on two adjacent sides of the main box body 7, as long as it can be ensured that the incoming gas entering from the air inlet must be filtered by the filter assembly before being discharged from the air outlet.
  • the shapes of the dust collection box 2 and the main box body 7 can also be selected according to work needs, such as a cylindrical box body or a polygonal prism box body, etc.
  • the air inlet is located on the right side of the main box body 7
  • the air outlet is located on the left side of the main box body 7
  • the filter assembly is located between the air inlet and the air outlet, and the filter assembly can be sealed with the inner wall of the main box body 7 and the inner wall of the dust collection box 2 to prevent the incoming gas from being directly discharged from the air outlet without being filtered by the filter assembly.
  • the filter assembly includes a first filter assembly, and the first filter assembly is perpendicular to the direction from the air inlet to the air outlet (left-right direction);
  • the first filter assembly includes a first filter mechanism and a first baffle 9, wherein the first baffle 9 is fixed in the main box body 7, and when the incoming gas enters the main box body 7 through the air inlet, the first baffle 9 can block the incoming gas;
  • the first filter mechanism is installed in the dust collection box 2, and is located below the first baffle 9, and the incoming gas blocked by the first baffle 9 flows downward and is then filtered by the first filter mechanism.
  • the first filtering mechanism divides the dust collection box 2 into a first cavity and a second cavity; wherein, the first cavity is arranged close to the air inlet, and the second cavity is arranged close to the air outlet; a third filtering mechanism is arranged on the top of the second cavity, and the third filtering mechanism can cover the top of the second cavity; the incoming gas is filtered by the first filtering mechanism, enters the second cavity, and is then filtered by the third filtering mechanism and discharged from the air outlet.
  • the first filter mechanism comprises two layers of filter screens 22, filter paper can be inserted between the two layers of the filter screens 22, wherein the front side, rear side and bottom side of the filter screen 22 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the dust collection box 2 and sealed, and the top side of the filter screen 22 can be sealed with the bottom side of the first baffle 9; and the other sides of the first baffle 9 except the bottom side are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main box 7 and sealed, and the bottom of the first baffle 9 is flush with the bottom of the front baffle 4 of the main box 7, wherein the front baffle 4 is welded to the front upper part of the main box 7.
  • the third filter mechanism comprises a filter paper box 8, filter paper can be inserted into the filter paper box 8, and filter holes are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the filter paper box 8; wherein the right side of the filter paper box 8 is welded to the first baffle 9, and the other sides of the filter paper box 8 are welded to the inner wall of the main box 7 near the air outlet, and the filter paper box 8 is located between the air outlet and the dust collection box 2.
  • the wall of the filter screen 22 is hollowed out in a hexagonal shape, with a hexagonal grid with a side length of not less than 4 mm, and the hollowed-out area should be greater than 75% of the total area of the filter screen 22, so as to reduce the air flow resistance; the two layers of filter screens 22 are used to clamp the filter paper to achieve the purpose of blocking dust, filtering gas and collecting dust.
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the filter paper box 8 are similar to the filter screen 22, and are both hollowed out in a hexagonal shape.
  • three filter paper insertion ports 81 are provided on the front of the filter paper box 8 from top to bottom for inserting filter paper into the filter paper box 8; the filter paper box 8 has recessed filter paper grooves 82 on the left and right sides and the rear side for supporting the inserted filter paper, and the recessed filter paper grooves 82 on the three sides are arranged around the filter paper.
  • three filter papers can be inserted into the filter paper box 8 to improve the filtering effect; wherein, the number of filter paper insertion ports 81 can be set as needed, such as setting four or five.
  • an opening corresponding to the filter paper insertion port 81 can be provided on the front block 4, and a sealing cover can be provided at the opening for sealing; alternatively, the top of the filter paper box 8 can be fixedly connected to the front block 4, and the filter paper insertion port 81 on the filter paper box 8 is exposed downward from the front block 4, so as to facilitate the removal and installation of the filter paper.
  • an opening for the filter paper box 8 to pass through is correspondingly provided at the top of the dust collection box 2, so as to provide an installation space for the filter paper box 8.
  • the filter paper is preferably nylon filter paper, which can absorb sand and dust in the incoming gas while filtering the incoming gas.
  • the dust collection box 2 can be detachably installed in the main box body 7; as a preferred embodiment, the dust collection box 2 is a drawer-type structure, which can be pulled out and arranged in the main box body 7; specifically, a accommodating cavity is provided at the bottom of the main box body 7, and a guide rail groove 71 is provided at the bottom of the accommodating cavity, and a sliding guide rail 23 matching the guide rail groove 71 is provided at the bottom of the dust collection box 2, and the dust collection box 2 can slide along the guide rail groove 71 so that the dust collection trough can be installed in the accommodating cavity or pulled out from the accommodating cavity.
  • the sliding guide rail 23 and the guide groove 71 are correspondingly provided with multiple tracks, and preferably three tracks are provided in this embodiment; further, the sliding guide rail 23 preferably adopts a symmetrical triangular guide rail of standard size for easy processing and manufacturing, and the guide groove 71 is correspondingly a triangular guide groove.
  • a limiting groove is provided on the side wall of the dust collecting box 2, and the limiting groove is arranged around the side wall of the dust collecting box 2.
  • a sealing ring 3 is also provided in the limiting groove, and the dust collecting box 2 is sealed with the inner wall of the main box body 7 through the sealing ring 3; wherein, as shown in FIG. 5 , the sealing ring 3 is annular as a whole, and an oblique cut is opened in the middle part of the front side to facilitate its insertion into the limiting groove; further, the sealing ring 3 should be made of a material with a certain elasticity, such as rubber or some elastic plastics, and the sealing ring 3 and the inner surface of the main box body 7 adopt an interference fit.
  • a collection box handle 21 is provided directly in front of the sand and dust collection box 2 to facilitate the sand and dust collection box 2 to be pulled out of the main box body 7 or put into the main box body 7 .
  • a separate filtering collection method which can specifically capture the sand and dust in the incoming flow and leave less other impurities in the collected samples; specifically, the separate filtering collection method refers to a method that can rely on the first baffle 9 to block the sedimentation and filter the filter, and specifically separate the sand and dust in the incoming flow to complete its collection work, and at the same time, less liquid phase salt mist and other gas phase components carried by the incoming flow can be left in the sand and dust collection device of this embodiment.
  • the above functions of this embodiment mainly rely on its specific filtering method; first: it has been verified that when the incoming flow enters from the air inlet, due to the large size of solid sand and dust particles and the large inertia of movement, it is easier to collide with the first baffle 9 with the incoming air flow to complete the sedimentation due to the inability to turn in time, and most of the liquid phase salt mist and gas with lighter moving mass will follow the air flow and cannot complete the above process; second: the filter paper used between the double-layer filter screens of the sand and dust collection box 2 (drawer) at the bottom and the filter paper box can be targeted to select materials that only filter solid sand and dust particles and allow fluid substances to pass through.
  • the air inlet is equipped with an air inlet door 6, and the top and bottom of the air inlet are both provided with slide grooves, and the top and bottom of the air inlet door 6 are both correspondingly provided with slide rails 62, and the slide rails 62 match the slide grooves provided on the air inlet; wherein, the slide grooves are parallel to the plane where the air inlet is located, and the air inlet door 6 can slide along the slide grooves to open or close the air inlet.
  • a door handle 61 is provided on the outside of the air inlet door 6 to facilitate the pulling and pulling operation of the air inlet door 6 to control the flow area of the air inlet.
  • an air outlet duct is installed at the air outlet, and the air outlet duct can be connected to a power device.
  • the power device is preferably an air pump to provide power for air flow, or the power device can be a fan, etc.
  • the main box body 7 is placed vertically and can be welded to the flange base 1 and then fixed with bolts and other connecting parts to make the overall structure more stable.
  • the incoming air flows into the main box body 7 from the air inlet door 6, is blocked by the first baffle 9 and flows downward into the sand and dust collection box 2, then flows from the right side to the left side of the sand and dust collection box 2 through the filter net 22, and then flows upward through the filter paper box 8, that is, flows out of the main box body 7 from the air outlet duct 5.
  • the sand and dust in the gas are separated from the airflow in turn due to the impact and blocking effect of the first baffle 9, the adsorption effect of the two-layer filter screen 22 and the nylon filter paper in the filter paper box 8, and are collected in the sand and dust collection box 2 and on the surface of the filter paper, so as to collect the sand and dust particles in the incoming gas and make the collected sand and dust samples concentrated and easy to extract.
  • a collection method combining a first baffle 9 to block the deposited dust and two filtering mechanisms is used to achieve complete and efficient collection of dust in the incoming flow; and the collected dust is mainly concentrated in the dust collection box 2 at the bottom, which will not block the air inlet door 6, the air outlet duct 5 and the air flow path, which is conducive to reducing flow resistance.
  • the filter paper and the drawer-type dust collection box 2 can be directly taken out, and the collected concentrated dust samples can be obtained very easily; the filter paper in the first filtering mechanism and the filter paper box 8 can be replaced at any time, and the operation is simple and the dust filtering collection effect can be maintained for a long time.
  • the dust collection device of this embodiment has a simple and compact structure, low cost, and is easy to process and manufacture.
  • the exposed side of the dust collection box 2 is the front
  • the side opposite to the front is the back
  • the side of the main box body 7 with the air inlet is the right side
  • the side with the air outlet is the left side.
  • This embodiment provides a dust collection device, which is an improvement on the first embodiment. Compared with the first embodiment, this embodiment also has the following features:
  • the filter assembly also includes a second filter assembly, which includes a second filter mechanism and a second baffle, the second baffle is fixed in the dust collection box 2, and the second filter mechanism is installed in the main box body 7 and is located above the second baffle; wherein, the first filter assembly and the second filter assembly are arranged in parallel, and the first filter assembly and the second filter assembly are each provided with a plurality, and the first filter assembly and the second filter assembly are staggered along the direction from the air inlet to the air outlet.
  • a second filter assembly which includes a second filter mechanism and a second baffle, the second baffle is fixed in the dust collection box 2, and the second filter mechanism is installed in the main box body 7 and is located above the second baffle; wherein, the first filter assembly and the second filter assembly are arranged in parallel, and the first filter assembly and the second filter assembly are each provided with a plurality, and the first filter assembly and the second filter assembly are staggered along the direction from the air inlet to the air outlet.
  • the second filter assembly in this embodiment is basically the same in structure as the first filter assembly in the first embodiment, except that the positions of the baffle and the filter mechanism are swapped; in this embodiment, multiple first filter assemblies and second filter assemblies are alternately arranged along the gas flow direction, which can filter the incoming gas multiple times and improve the blocking and collection effect of sand and dust in the incoming gas.
  • This embodiment discloses a gas sampling system, including the dust collection device in the first or second embodiment.

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Abstract

本发明公开一种沙尘采集装置，涉及气体组分采样技术领域，包括主箱体和动力装置，所述主箱体内安装有沙尘收集机构，所述主箱体上还设置有进风口和出风口，且所述进风口与所述出风口之间通过过滤组件隔开；当来流气体通过所述进风口进入所述主箱体后，所述过滤组件能够对所述来流气体中的沙尘进行阻挡，被阻挡的所述沙尘能够落入所述沙尘收集机构进行收集；其中，所述动力装置能够带动来流气体流动。本发明还提供一种包括上述沙尘采集装置的气体采样系统。本发明能够对气体中的沙尘进行采集，并防止沙尘堵塞工作设备。

Description

沙尘采集装置及气体采样系统 技术领域
本发明涉及气体组分采样技术领域，特别是涉及一种沙尘采集装置及气体采样系统。
背景技术
空气中一般都含有不同浓度和组分的沙尘颗粒物，了解其具体情况对大气质量评价、环境状况评估等具有十分重要的意义。与此同时，许多监测及实验项目需要架设在其所在位置处的采集装置，能够分离出空气中的沙尘样本，并对沙尘样本进行收集，以供进一步分析。
目前的气体采样装置一般由采样孔、采样管、储气设备等组成，利用空气的自然扩散或形成负压驱动气体流入储气设备中，很少有能实现对空气中沙尘的针对性分离和采样，且广泛存在采集到空气样本中的沙尘易堵塞装置、气流流阻较大、操作复杂等缺点。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种沙尘采集装置及气体采样系统，以解决上述现有技术存在的问题，能够对气体中的沙尘进行采集，并防止沙尘堵塞工作设备。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下方案：
本发明提供一种沙尘采集装置，包括主箱体和动力装置，所述主箱体内安装有沙尘收集机构，所述主箱体上还设置有进风口和出风口，且所述进风口与所述出风口之间通过过滤组件隔开；当来流气体通过所述进风口进入所述主箱体后，所述过滤组件能够对所述来流气体中的沙尘进行阻挡，被阻挡的所述沙尘能够落入所述沙尘收集机构进行收集；其中，所述动力装置能够带动来流气体流动。
优选的，所述进风口和所述出风口分别位于所述主箱体的两侧，且所述进风口与所述出风口相对设置；其中，所述进风口和所述出风口均位于 所述主箱体的侧壁顶部。
优选的，所述过滤组件包括第一过滤组件，所述第一过滤组件包括第一过滤机构和第一挡板，所述第一挡板固定于所述主箱体内，当来流气体通过所述进风口进入所述主箱体后，所述第一挡板能够对所述来流气体进行阻挡；所述第一过滤机构安装于所述沙尘收集机构内，且位于所述第一挡板的下方。
优选的，所述第一过滤机构将所述沙尘收集机构分隔为第一腔体和第二腔体；其中，所述第一腔体靠近所述进风口设置，所述第二腔体靠近所述出风口设置；所述第二腔体的顶部设置有第三过滤机构，且所述第三过滤机构能够覆盖于所述第二腔体的顶部。
优选的，所述第一过滤机构包括沿气体流动方向依次设置的两层过滤网，两层所述过滤网之间能够插入滤纸；所述第三过滤机构包括滤纸盒，所述滤纸盒内能够插入滤纸，且所述滤纸盒的上下两面均设置有滤孔。
优选的，所述过滤组件还包括第二过滤组件，所述第二过滤组件包括第二过滤机构和第二挡板，所述第二挡板固定于所述沙尘收集机构内，所述第二过滤机构安装于所述主箱体内，且位于所述第二挡板的上方；其中，所述第一过滤组件和第二过滤组件平行设置，且所述第一过滤组件和第二过滤组件均设置有多个，所述第一过滤组件和所述第二过滤组件沿所述进风口至所述出风口的方向交错设置。
优选的，所述沙尘收集机构为沙尘收集箱，所述沙尘收集箱可拆卸安装于所述主箱体内。
优选的，所述主箱体内底部设置有容纳腔，所述容纳腔的底部设置有导轨槽，所述沙尘收集箱的底部设置有与所述导轨槽相匹配的滑动导轨，所述沙尘收集箱能够沿所述导轨槽滑动，以使所述沙尘收集槽能够安装于所述容纳腔内，或从所述容纳腔抽出；
所述沙尘收集箱的侧壁上还设置有限位槽，所述限位槽环绕所述沙尘收集箱的侧壁设置，所述限位槽内还设置有密封圈，所述沙尘收集箱通过所述密封圈与所述主箱体的内壁密封。
优选的，所述进风口安装有进风门，所述进风口的顶部和底部均设置有滑槽，所述进风门的顶部和底部对应设置有与所述滑槽相匹配的滑轨； 其中，所述滑槽与所述进风口所在平面平行，所述进风门能够沿所述滑槽滑动，以打开或封闭所述进风口；
所述出风口连接有出风管，所述出风管与所述动力装置连接。
本发明还公开了一种气体采样系统，包括上述的沙尘采集装置。
本发明相对于现有技术取得了以下有益技术效果：
本发明主箱体内安装有沙尘收集机构，且主箱体的进风口与出风口之间通过过滤组件隔开；当来流气体通过进风口进入主箱体后，过滤组件能够对来流气体中的沙尘进行阻挡，被阻挡的沙尘能够落入沙尘收集机构进行收集，从而实现对气体中的沙尘进行有效采集，并防止沙尘堵塞工作设备。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例中沙尘采集装置的整体外观示意图；
图2是本发明实施例中沙尘采集装置的各部件装配示意图；
图3是本发明实施例中主箱体的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例中沙尘收集箱的结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例中与沙尘收集箱配套使用的密封圈示意图；
图6是本发明实施例中滤纸盒的整体结构示意图；
图7本发明实施例中滤纸盒的正视图；
图8是图7中的A-A剖面图；
图9是本发明实施例中的进风门示意图；
其中，1为法兰底座，2为沙尘收集箱，21为收集箱把手，22为过滤网，23为滑动导轨，3为密封圈，4为前挡，5为出风管道，6为进风门，61为门把手，62为滑轨，7为主箱体，71为导轨槽，8为滤纸盒，81为滤纸插口，82为沉割滤纸槽，9为第一挡板。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明的目的是提供一种沙尘采集装置及气体采样系统，以解决上述现有技术存在的问题，能够对气体中的沙尘进行采集，并防止沙尘堵塞工作设备。
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
实施例一
如图1-图9所示，本实施例提供一种沙尘采集装置，主要包括主箱体7和动力装置，所述主箱体7内安装有沙尘收集机构，所述主箱体7上还设置有进风口和出风口，且所述进风口与所述出风口之间通过过滤组件隔开；当来流气体通过所述进风口进入所述主箱体7后，所述过滤组件能够对所述来流气体中的沙尘进行阻挡，被阻挡的所述沙尘能够落入所述沙尘收集机构进行收集，从而实现对气体中的沙尘进行有效采集，并防止沙尘堵塞工作设备；其中，所述动力装置能够带动来流气体流动。
在本实施例中，所述沙尘收集机构优选为长方体结构的沙尘收集箱2，主箱体7也对应为长方体箱体；所述进风口和所述出风口分别位于所述主箱体7的两侧，且所述进风口与所述出风口相对设置；其中，所述进风口和所述出风口均位于所述主箱体7的侧壁顶部；或者，进风口和出风口可以分别位于主箱体7上相邻的两侧，只要能够保证从进风口进入的来流气体必须经过过滤组件过滤后，才能从出风口排出即可。其中，沙尘收集箱2和主箱体7的形状还可以根据工作需要进行选择，如可以是圆柱形箱体或者多边形棱柱箱体等。
作为一种优选的实施方式，在本实施例中，进风口位于主箱体7的右侧，出风口位于主箱体7的左侧，而过滤组件位于进风口和出风口之间，且过滤组件能够与主箱体7的内壁以及沙尘收集箱2的内壁密封，防止来 流气体未经过过滤组件过滤，而直接从出风口排出。
在本实施例中，如图2所示，所述过滤组件包括第一过滤组件，且第一过滤组件与进风口至出风口方向(左右方向)垂直；所述第一过滤组件包括第一过滤机构和第一挡板9，其中，所述第一挡板9固定于所述主箱体7内，当来流气体通过所述进风口进入所述主箱体7后，所述第一挡板9能够对所述来流气体进行阻挡；所述第一过滤机构安装于所述沙尘收集箱2内，且位于所述第一挡板9的下方，经第一挡板9阻挡后的来流气体向下流动，然后经第一过滤机构过滤。
在本实施例中，所述第一过滤机构将所述沙尘收集箱2分隔为第一腔体和第二腔体；其中，所述第一腔体靠近所述进风口设置，所述第二腔体靠近所述出风口设置；所述第二腔体的顶部设置有第三过滤机构，且所述第三过滤机构能够覆盖于所述第二腔体的顶部；来流气体经第一过滤机构过滤后，进入第二腔体，再经第三过滤机构过滤后，从出风口排出。
本实施例中来流气体自进风门6处进入，因受到第一挡板9的阻碍而向下流动，来流气体中携带的沙尘因与第一挡板9相撞而下落至沙尘收集箱2中；此后气流由沙尘收集箱2的右侧流至左侧时，会经过第一过滤机构，起到进一步阻挡和收集沙尘的效果；而后在空气泵的带动下，气体流经第三过滤机构时，其携带的沙尘被再一次阻挡和收集，进而由出风口排出，达到阻挡并收集来流气体中沙尘颗粒的目的。
在本实施例中，如图2-图4所示，所述第一过滤机构包括两层过滤网22，两层所述过滤网22之间能够插入滤纸，其中，过滤网22的前侧边、后侧边以及底边均与沙尘收集箱2的内壁固定连接，并密封，过滤网22的顶边能够与第一挡板9的底边密封；而第一挡板9除了底边之外的其它侧边均与主箱体7的内壁固定连接，并密封，且第一挡板9的底部与主箱体7的前挡4的底部平齐，其中，前挡4焊接于主箱体7的前面上部。所述第三过滤机构包括滤纸盒8，所述滤纸盒8内能够插入滤纸，且所述滤纸盒8的上下两面均设置有滤孔；其中，滤纸盒8的右侧边与第一挡板9焊接连接，滤纸盒8的其它侧边均与主箱体7靠近出风口位置处的内壁焊接连接，滤纸盒8位于出风口与沙尘收集箱2之间。
在本实施例中，过滤网22的壁面做六边形镂空处理，开有边长不小 于4mm的六边形网格，且镂空面积应大于过滤网22总面积的75％，以此来减小气流阻力；两层过滤网22用于夹持滤纸，达到阻挡沙尘、滤过气体和收集沙尘的目的。而滤纸盒8的上下两面结构与过滤网22相似，均做六边形镂空处理。
在本实施例中，如图6-图8所示，滤纸盒8的前面从上而下开有三道滤纸插口81，用于将滤纸插入滤纸盒8中；所述滤纸盒8内部左右两侧及后侧面均开有沉割滤纸槽82，用于支撑放入的滤纸，三个侧面上的沉割滤纸槽82环绕滤纸设置，本实施例中滤纸盒8内可以插入三张滤纸，提高过滤效果；其中，滤纸插口81的数量可以根据需要进行设置，如设置四道或者五道等。
在本实施例中，为了方便拆装滤纸盒8中的滤纸，可以在前挡4上设置有与滤纸插口81相对应的开口，且该开口处可以设置密封盖进行密封；或者，可以设置滤纸盒8的顶部与前挡4固定连接，而滤纸盒8上的滤纸插口81则向下露出前挡4，便于拆装滤纸，此时，在沙尘收集箱2的顶部对应设置有用于使滤纸盒8穿过的开口，为滤纸盒8提供安装空间。
在本实施例中，滤纸优选为尼龙滤纸，在对来流气体进行过滤的同时，能够吸附来流气体中的沙尘。
在本实施例中，如图2-图4所示，所述沙尘收集箱2可拆卸安装于所述主箱体7内；作为一种优选实施方式，所述沙尘收集箱2为抽屉式结构，可抽拉设置于主箱体7内；具体地，所述主箱体7内底部设置有容纳腔，所述容纳腔的底部设置有导轨槽71，所述沙尘收集箱2的底部设置有与所述导轨槽71相匹配的滑动导轨23，所述沙尘收集箱2能够沿所述导轨槽71滑动，以使所述沙尘收集槽能够安装于所述容纳腔内，或从所述容纳腔抽出。
在本实施例中，滑动导轨23和导轨槽71对应设置有多道，本实施例中优选设置有三道；进一步地，滑动导轨23优选采用标准尺寸的对称三角形导轨，便于加工和制造，而导轨槽71对应为三角形导轨槽。
在本实施例中，所述沙尘收集箱2的侧壁上设置有限位槽，所述限位槽环绕所述沙尘收集箱2的侧壁设置，所述限位槽内还设置有密封圈3，所述沙尘收集箱2通过所述密封圈3与所述主箱体7的内壁密封；其中， 如图5所示，密封圈3整体呈环状，前侧中间部位开有斜切口，便于将其套入限位槽中；进一步地，密封圈3应采用具有一定弹性的材料制成，如橡胶或一些弹性塑料等，且密封圈3与主箱体7内表面采用过盈配合的配合方式。
在本实施例中，沙尘收集箱2的正前方配有收集箱把手21，方便将沙尘收集箱2从主箱体7中抽出或往主箱体7中送入。
本实施例中采用分离式滤过采集方式，可以针对性地捕捉采集来流中的沙尘而较少地残留其他杂质于收集到的样本中；具体地，分离式滤过采集方式指的是可依靠第一挡板9阻挡沉降和滤网过滤的方式，针对性地将来流中的沙尘分离出来以完成其采集工作，与此同时可较少的残留来流所携带的液相成分盐雾及其他气相成分于本实施例沙尘采集装置中。本实施例实现上述功能主要依靠的是其特异性的过滤方式；其一：经验证，当来流自进风口进入后，由于固体沙尘颗粒较大而具有较大的运动惯性，因此更容易因不能及时转向而随前进气流撞击到第一挡板9完成沉降，而运动质量较轻的绝大部分液相盐雾以及气体都会跟随气流运动不能完成上述过程；其二：底部的沙尘收集箱2(抽屉)双层过滤网之间以及滤纸盒中所采用的滤纸可针对性地选用只过滤固态沙尘颗粒而允许流态物质通过的材料构成。
在本实施例中，所述进风口安装有进风门6，所述进风口的顶部和底部均设置有滑槽，所述进风门6的顶部和底部均对应设置有滑轨62，滑轨62与进风口上设置的滑槽相匹配；其中，所述滑槽与所述进风口所在平面平行，所述进风门6能够沿所述滑槽滑动，以打开或封闭所述进风口。进一步地，如图9所示，所述进风门6的外侧设有门把手61，便于进风门6抽拉操作，以控制进风口的过流面积大小。
在本实施例中，出风口处安装有出风管道，出风管道可以连接动力装置，动力装置优选为空气泵，为空气流动提供动力，或者动力装置可以为风机等。
在本实施例中，主箱体7竖直放置，并可焊接于法兰底座1上，且再以螺栓等连接件加以固定，使整体结构更为稳固。
本实施例中沙尘采集装置的工作过程如下：
预备对来流气体中的沙尘进行采样时，应先向两层过滤网22与滤纸盒8中插入尼龙滤纸，将出风管道5与空气泵相连，而后将进风门6拉开，再开启空气泵。
在空气泵的抽吸作用下，来流空气从进风门6流入主箱体7内，受第一挡板9的阻挡而向下流动至沙尘收集箱2内，再途径过滤网22自沙尘收集箱2的右侧流至左侧，后向上流动穿过滤纸盒8，即自出风管道5流出主箱体7。
在以上流动过程中，气体中的沙尘依次因受到第一挡板9的撞击阻挡作用、两层过滤网22及滤纸盒8中尼龙滤纸的吸附作用而自气流中分离出来，并收集至沙尘收集箱2内和滤纸表面处，实现收集来流气体中沙尘颗粒，且使采得的沙尘样本集中而易于提取。
本实施例中采用第一挡板9阻挡沉积沙尘与两处过滤机构相结合的采集方式，可实现对来流中沙尘的完全、高效的采集；而且采集到的沙尘主要集中于底部的沙尘收集箱2处，不会堵塞进风门6、出风管道5及气流流路，有利于减小流阻。与此同时，可直接取出滤纸以及抽屉式的沙尘收集箱2，可非常简便地取得采集到的集中的沙尘样本；第一过滤机构和滤纸盒8中的滤纸可随时更换，在操作简便的同时可长期保持良好的沙尘滤过采集效果。本实施例沙尘采集装置结构简单、紧凑，成本低廉，易于加工制造。
在本实施例中，需要进行说明的是，当沙尘收集箱2安装于主箱体7内时，沙尘收集箱2外露的一面为前面，与前面相对的一面为后面，主箱体7上设置有进风口的一面为右面，设置有出风口的一面为左面。
实施例二
本实施例提供一种沙尘采集装置，其是在实施例一的基础上进行的改进，本实施例相对于实施例一还具有以下特点：
本实施例中所述过滤组件还包括第二过滤组件，所述第二过滤组件包括第二过滤机构和第二挡板，所述第二挡板固定于所述沙尘收集箱2内，所述第二过滤机构安装于所述主箱体7内，且位于所述第二挡板的上方；其中，所述第一过滤组件和第二过滤组件平行设置，且所述第一过滤组件和第二过滤组件均设置有多个，所述第一过滤组件和所述第二过滤组件沿 所述进风口至所述出风口的方向交错设置。
本实施例中第二过滤组件和实施例一中的第一过滤组件结构基本相同，只是挡板和过滤机构的位置进行了调换；本实施例中沿气体流动方向交错设置有多个第一过滤组件和第二过滤组件，能够对来流气体进行多次过滤，提高对来流气体中沙尘的阻挡以及收集效果。
实施例三
本实施例公开了一种气体采样系统，包括实施例一或实施例二中的沙尘采集装置。
需要说明的是，对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内，不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
本发明中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

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  1. 一种沙尘采集装置，其特征在于：包括主箱体和动力装置，所述主箱体内安装有沙尘收集机构，所述主箱体上还设置有进风口和出风口，且所述进风口与所述出风口之间通过过滤组件隔开；当来流气体通过所述进风口进入所述主箱体后，所述过滤组件能够对所述来流气体中的沙尘进行阻挡，被阻挡的所述沙尘能够落入所述沙尘收集机构进行收集；其中，所述动力装置能够带动来流气体流动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的沙尘采集装置，其特征在于：所述进风口和所述出风口分别位于所述主箱体的两侧，且所述进风口与所述出风口相对设置；其中，所述进风口和所述出风口均位于所述主箱体的侧壁顶部。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的沙尘采集装置，其特征在于：所述过滤组件包括第一过滤组件，所述第一过滤组件包括第一过滤机构和第一挡板，所述第一挡板固定于所述主箱体内，当来流气体通过所述进风口进入所述主箱体后，所述第一挡板能够对所述来流气体进行阻挡；所述第一过滤机构安装于所述沙尘收集机构内，且位于所述第一挡板的下方。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的沙尘采集装置，其特征在于：所述第一过滤机构将所述沙尘收集机构分隔为第一腔体和第二腔体；其中，所述第一腔体靠近所述进风口设置，所述第二腔体靠近所述出风口设置；所述第二腔体的顶部设置有第三过滤机构，且所述第三过滤机构能够覆盖于所述第二腔体的顶部。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的沙尘采集装置，其特征在于：所述第一过滤机构包括沿气体流动方向依次设置的两层过滤网，两层所述过滤网之间能够插入滤纸；所述第三过滤机构包括滤纸盒，所述滤纸盒内能够插入滤纸，且所述滤纸盒的上下两面均设置有滤孔。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的沙尘采集装置，其特征在于：所述过滤组件还包括第二过滤组件，所述第二过滤组件包括第二过滤机构和第二挡板，所述第二挡板固定于所述沙尘收集机构内，所述第二过滤机构安装于所述主箱体内，且位于所述第二挡板的上方；其中，所述第一过滤组件和第二过滤组件平行设置，且所述第一过滤组件和第二过滤组件均设置有多个，所述第一过滤组件和所述第二过滤组件沿所述进风口至所述出风口的方 向交错设置。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的沙尘采集装置，其特征在于：所述沙尘收集机构为沙尘收集箱，所述沙尘收集箱可拆卸安装于所述主箱体内。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的沙尘采集装置，其特征在于：所述主箱体内底部设置有容纳腔，所述容纳腔的底部设置有导轨槽，所述沙尘收集箱的底部设置有与所述导轨槽相匹配的滑动导轨，所述沙尘收集箱能够沿所述导轨槽滑动，以使所述沙尘收集槽能够安装于所述容纳腔内，或从所述容纳腔抽出；
    所述沙尘收集箱的侧壁上还设置有限位槽，所述限位槽环绕所述沙尘收集箱的侧壁设置，所述限位槽内还设置有密封圈，所述沙尘收集箱通过所述密封圈与所述主箱体的内壁密封。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的沙尘采集装置，其特征在于：所述进风口安装有进风门，所述进风口的顶部和底部均设置有滑槽，所述进风门的顶部和底部对应设置有与所述滑槽相匹配的滑轨；其中，所述滑槽与所述进风口所在平面平行，所述进风门能够沿所述滑槽滑动，以打开或封闭所述进风口；
    所述出风口连接有出风管，所述出风管与所述动力装置连接。
  10. 一种气体采样系统，其特征在于：包括如权利要求1-9任意一项所述的沙尘采集装置。
PCT/CN2023/071601 2022-11-11 2023-01-10 沙尘采集装置及气体采样系统 WO2024098548A1 (zh)

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