WO2024093496A1 - Asymmetric apparatus for producing hydrogen by water electrolysis - Google Patents

Asymmetric apparatus for producing hydrogen by water electrolysis Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024093496A1
WO2024093496A1 PCT/CN2023/116254 CN2023116254W WO2024093496A1 WO 2024093496 A1 WO2024093496 A1 WO 2024093496A1 CN 2023116254 W CN2023116254 W CN 2023116254W WO 2024093496 A1 WO2024093496 A1 WO 2024093496A1
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liquid separation
separation tank
gas
liquid
hydrogen
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PCT/CN2023/116254
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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高小平
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嘉庚创新实验室
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/50—Processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical hydrogen production, and in particular to an asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device.
  • Alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production technology is widely used in my country. The technology has been mature for decades and has a high degree of commercialization. It is the most promising water electrolysis hydrogen production technology, but it also has problems such as low current density, high energy consumption, and long cold start time. In particular, alkaline water electrolysis has not yet solved the problem of direct hydrogen production from unstable power sources (wind power, photovoltaics, etc.).
  • FIG1 the structure of the conventional commercial alkaline water electrolysis device is shown in FIG1, which mainly includes a transformer rectifier 1, a control system 2, an electrolyzer 3, a hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank 4, an oxygen gas-liquid separation tank 5, an alkali liquid shielding pump 6 and a cooler 7.
  • the alkali liquid is pushed by the alkali liquid shielding pump 6 through the flow channel below the electrolyzer 3 into the cathode chamber 8 and the anode chamber 9, and hydrogen and oxygen are generated respectively under the action of the current.
  • the generated hydrogen and oxygen are mixed with the alkali liquid to form a gas-liquid mixture, and enter the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank 4 and the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank 5 through the hydrogen gas-liquid pipeline 10 and the oxygen gas-liquid pipeline 11 respectively.
  • the alkali liquid after gas-liquid separation is combined through pipelines 15 and 16, enters the cooler 7 through pipeline 17, and then flows into the alkali liquid shielding pump 6.
  • the principle of alkaline water electrolysis is that two water molecules are electrolyzed under the electric field of the cathode and anode of the electrolytic cell to produce two hydrogen molecules and one oxygen molecule.
  • the volume of hydrogen produced by the cathode is twice the volume of oxygen produced by the anode.
  • the gas volume is generally larger than the liquid volume, so the change in gas volume will directly cause the change in the liquid level in the gas-liquid separation tank. Especially when the power changes suddenly, the liquid level of the hydrogen and oxygen gas-liquid separation tanks of this traditional commercial alkaline water electrolysis device will produce greater fluctuations.
  • the imbalance of the liquid levels of hydrogen and oxygen will directly lead to an imbalance of pressure between the cathode and anode sides of the electrolytic cell.
  • the diaphragm commonly used in electrolytic cells is currently a porous membrane.
  • the pressure imbalance between the cathode and anode sides of the electrolytic cell will cause hydrogen or oxygen to pass through the diaphragm into the anode or cathode side, causing gas crosstalk between hydrogen or oxygen, and caused by The mixture of hydrogen and oxygen may cause an explosion.
  • PEM proton membrane electrolyzers
  • the diffusion layers on both sides of the diaphragm of the PEM electrolyzer are dense materials, they can generally withstand a pressure difference of several atmospheres, and the proton membrane itself will not pass gas.
  • the diaphragm of the alkaline electrolyzer is a porous membrane, and only a small pressure difference on both sides, usually less than 0.01 atmospheres, can cause gas crosstalk. Therefore, this method cannot solve the gas crosstalk problem caused by a small pressure imbalance in the alkaline electrolyzer.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to solve the defects of liquid level fluctuation of hydrogen and oxygen gas-liquid separation tanks and pressure imbalance between cathode and anode sides in the electrolyzer in the prior art.
  • the present invention finds that the gas crosstalk problem caused by a small pressure imbalance in the electrolyzer is mainly caused by the different liquid level heights of the gas-liquid separation structure on the cathode side and the anode side, so a new water electrolysis hydrogen production device is designed, which adopts a new gas-liquid separation structure.
  • the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation system can maintain a balanced stability during the sudden change of power. This balanced stability of the liquid level can avoid hydrogen and oxygen crosstalk, thereby ensuring the safety of the system.
  • the present invention provides an asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device, which is used for alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production or anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production, comprising an electrolyzer, a hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank, and an oxygen gas-liquid separation tank, wherein the inlet of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank is connected to the cathode chamber of the electrolyzer through a pipeline, and the inlet of the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank is connected to the anode chamber of the electrolyzer through a pipeline, and the cross-sectional area of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank is twice the cross-sectional area of the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects: alkaline electrolyzers have been produced and sold for more than 30 years, and there is no asymmetric gas-liquid separation structure at present.
  • the present invention can better maintain the liquid level balance of the gas-liquid separation tank by using an asymmetric gas-liquid separation structure, especially when the power changes suddenly, the liquid level height of the gas-liquid separation tank will change accordingly, but the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank change at the same speed, and the liquid levels of the gas-liquid separation tanks on both sides remain in a balanced state, avoiding the explosion hazard caused by the mutual crosstalk between hydrogen and oxygen, and ensuring the safety of the system.
  • This asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device is of great significance to the safety of large-scale renewable energy hydrogen production.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conventional commercial alkaline water electrolysis device
  • FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of an asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of an asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the design of the traditional commercial electrolyzer is that the structure of the cathode side is the same as that of the anode side, including the volume and structure of the pipeline, flow channel, and gas-liquid separation tank are basically the same.
  • the liquid level balance of the hydrogen and oxygen gas-liquid separation tanks (as shown in Figure 1) can be controlled under the condition of stable power operation through the control of the pneumatic valve, when the power changes, especially when the power change is relatively large, the liquid levels on both sides of the hydrogen and oxygen gas-liquid separation tanks will fluctuate violently.
  • liquid level fluctuation will affect the gas pressure of the gas-liquid separation tank, and this pressure will be transmitted to the cathode chamber 8 and the anode chamber 9, causing hydrogen and oxygen to cross each other through the diaphragm, affecting the current efficiency and system safety of hydrogen electrolysis; second, if the liquid level fluctuation is too large, hydrogen and oxygen will mix through pipes 15 and 16, creating an explosion risk.
  • an asymmetric gas-liquid separation system can be designed to keep the liquid levels of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank balanced and maintained in a safe height range during the power change process. This asymmetric design can also reduce costs and improve system efficiency, and improve the stability and safety of the device.
  • the present invention designs a new water electrolysis hydrogen production device, which uses an asymmetric gas-liquid separation structure. Based on this new structure, the liquid level inside the gas-liquid separation structure can maintain a balanced and stable state during the power change process. The balanced and stable liquid level can prevent hydrogen and oxygen from cross-talking.
  • an asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device comprising an electrolyzer, a hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank, and an oxygen gas-liquid separation tank, wherein the inlet of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank is connected to the cathode chamber of the electrolyzer through a pipeline, and the inlet of the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank is connected to the anode chamber of the electrolyzer through a pipeline, and the cross-sectional area of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank is twice the cross-sectional area of the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank.
  • This asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device can be used not only for alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production, but also for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production.
  • the gas-liquid separation structure of the present invention adopts an asymmetric structure, mainly referring to that the structures of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank are asymmetric. Since the hydrogen output is twice the oxygen output, in order to keep the liquid levels of the two gas-liquid separation tanks balanced when the power changes suddenly, the cross-sectional area of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank is set to be twice the cross-sectional area of the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank, so that the gas pressures entering the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank are basically the same, and the liquid levels are basically balanced.
  • the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and/or the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank are high-pressure containers, and the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and/or the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank are generally vertical or horizontal cylindrical containers.
  • the cross-sectional area of the pipeline connected to the hydrogen gas-liquid separator tank can be twice the cross-sectional area of the pipeline connected to the oxygen gas-liquid separator tank.
  • the cross-sectional area of the cathode chamber can also be twice the cross-sectional area of the anode chamber.
  • the asymmetric structure of the present invention is not limited to the gas-liquid separator tank, but can also include a pipeline connected thereto, and the cathode chamber and anode chamber parts of the electrolyzer, so that the pressure and liquid level balance in the two gas-liquid separator tanks can be better ensured. More preferably, the volume of liquid entering the cathode chamber of the electrolyzer can be twice the volume of liquid entering the anode chamber of the electrolyzer.
  • the asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device further includes a shielded pump, the inlet of the shielded pump is connected to the liquid outlet of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and/or the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank through a pipeline, and the outlet of the shielded pump is connected to the liquid inlet of the cathode chamber and/or the anode chamber of the electrolyzer through a pipeline.
  • two shielded pumps can be provided, respectively provided between the liquid outlet of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and the liquid inlet of the cathode chamber of the electrolyzer and between the liquid outlet of the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank and the liquid inlet of the anode chamber of the electrolyzer.
  • the asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device further includes a cooler. It is arranged between the liquid outlet of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and/or the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank and the shielded pump.
  • the asymmetric electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen device comprises a transformer rectifier 1', a control system 2', an electrolyzer 3', a hydrogen gas-liquid separator 4', an oxygen gas-liquid separator 5', an alkali liquid shielding pump 6' and a cooler 7'.
  • the alkali liquid is pushed by the alkali liquid shielding pump 6' through the flow channel below the electrolyzer 3' to enter the cathode chamber 8' and the anode chamber 9', and hydrogen and oxygen are respectively produced under the action of electric current.
  • the gas-liquid mixture of the hydrogen and oxygen produced and mixed with the alkali liquid respectively enters the hydrogen gas-liquid separator 4' and the oxygen gas-liquid separator 5' through the hydrogen gas-liquid pipeline 10' and the oxygen gas-liquid pipeline 11' respectively.
  • the alkali liquid after gas-liquid separation is merged by pipelines 15' and 16', enters the cooler 7' through pipeline 17', and then flows into the alkali liquid shielding pump 6'.
  • the cross-sectional area of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank 4' is twice the cross-sectional area of the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank 5', and the cross-sectional areas of the cathode chamber 8', the hydrogen gas-liquid pipeline 10' and the pipeline 15' are also twice the cross-sectional areas of the anode chamber 9', the oxygen gas-liquid pipeline 11' and the pipeline 16', respectively. In this way, when the power changes suddenly, the liquid levels of the two gas-liquid separation tanks can remain balanced.
  • the asymmetric design of the present invention is also suitable for a discrete circulation type gas-liquid separation structure.
  • the asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device includes a transformer rectifier 1', a control system 2', an electrolyzer 3', a hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank 4', an oxygen gas-liquid separation tank 5', an alkali liquid shielding pump 6a, 6b and a cooler 7a, 7b.
  • the alkali liquid after hydrogen gas-liquid separation enters the cooler 7a through a pipeline 15', and then is pushed into the cathode chamber 8' of the electrolyzer 3' by the alkali liquid shielding pump 6a.
  • the alkali liquid after oxygen gas-liquid separation enters the cooler 7b through a pipeline 16', and then is pushed into the anode chamber 9' of the electrolyzer 3' by the alkali liquid shielding pump 6b.
  • the alkali liquid entering the cathode chamber 8' and the anode chamber produces hydrogen and oxygen respectively under the action of electric current.
  • the gas-liquid mixture of the generated hydrogen and oxygen mixed with the alkali liquid respectively enters the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank 4' and the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank 5' through the hydrogen gas-liquid pipeline 10' and the oxygen gas-liquid pipeline 11'.
  • the cross-sectional area of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank 4' is twice the cross-sectional area of the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank 5', and the cross-sectional areas of the cathode chamber 8', the hydrogen gas-liquid pipeline 10' and the pipeline 15' are also twice the cross-sectional areas of the anode chamber 9', the oxygen gas-liquid pipeline 11' and the pipeline 16', respectively. In this way, when the power changes suddenly, the liquid levels of the two gas-liquid separation tanks remain balanced.
  • the main feature of the discrete circulation type gas-liquid separation structure is that the alkali liquid after gas-liquid separation enters the cathode chamber 8' and the anode chamber 9' of the electrolytic cell 3' through pipelines 15' and 16', coolers 7a and 7b, and alkali liquid shielding pumps 6a and 6b.
  • the alkali liquid circulates independently on the hydrogen side and the oxygen side, and only under certain conditions will it be mixed through the pneumatic valve 18' to maintain the concentration balance.
  • the gas-liquid separation structure also needs to maintain the liquid level balance of hydrogen and oxygen in the gas-liquid separator to avoid pressure imbalance between the cathode chamber 8' and the anode chamber 9'.

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Abstract

A gas-liquid separation structure of an apparatus for producing hydrogen by water electrolysis of the present invention is an asymmetric structure, which mainly means that structures of a hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and an oxygen gas-liquid separation tank are asymmetric. Since the production of hydrogen is twice that of oxygen, in order to keep the liquid levels of the two gas-liquid separation tanks balanced when power is suddenly changed, the sectional area of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank is set to be twice that of the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank, so that the pressure of a gas entering the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank is basically identical, and the liquid level is basically kept balanced.

Description

一种非对称电解水制氢装置Asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device 技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及电化学制氢技术领域，具体来说涉及一种非对称电解水制氢装置。The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical hydrogen production, and in particular to an asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device.
背景技术Background technique
发展氢能可从根本上缓解我国大量进口油气资源带来的能源安全问题，其可作为储能介质的特殊属性可促进大规模可再生能源的快速发展，是我国实现“双碳目标”的重要手段。The development of hydrogen energy can fundamentally alleviate the energy security problems caused by my country's large-scale import of oil and gas resources. Its special properties as an energy storage medium can promote the rapid development of large-scale renewable energy. It is an important means for my country to achieve its "dual carbon goals".
碱性电解水制氢技术在我国广泛应用，技术成熟有几十年的历史，商业化程度高，是最具前景的电解水制氢技术，但也存在电流密度低，能耗高的问题，且冷启动时间长，特别是目前碱性电解水还没有解决不稳定电源(风电、光电等)直接制氢的问题。Alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production technology is widely used in my country. The technology has been mature for decades and has a high degree of commercialization. It is the most promising water electrolysis hydrogen production technology, but it also has problems such as low current density, high energy consumption, and long cold start time. In particular, alkaline water electrolysis has not yet solved the problem of direct hydrogen production from unstable power sources (wind power, photovoltaics, etc.).
目前，传统的商业化碱性电解水装置的结构示意如图1所示，主要包括变压整流器1、控制系统2、电解槽3、氢气气液分离罐4、氧气气液分离罐5、碱液屏蔽泵6和冷却器7。碱液通过碱液屏蔽泵6推动经由电解槽3下方的流道进入阴极小室8和阳极小室9，在电流作用下分别产生氢气和氧气。产生的氢气和氧气分别与碱液混合形成气液混合物，分别通过氢气气液管道10和氧气气液管道11进入到氢气气液分离罐4和氧气气液分离罐5。经过气液分离后的碱液通过管道15和16汇合，经过管道17进入冷却器7，然后流进碱液屏蔽泵6。At present, the structure of the conventional commercial alkaline water electrolysis device is shown in FIG1, which mainly includes a transformer rectifier 1, a control system 2, an electrolyzer 3, a hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank 4, an oxygen gas-liquid separation tank 5, an alkali liquid shielding pump 6 and a cooler 7. The alkali liquid is pushed by the alkali liquid shielding pump 6 through the flow channel below the electrolyzer 3 into the cathode chamber 8 and the anode chamber 9, and hydrogen and oxygen are generated respectively under the action of the current. The generated hydrogen and oxygen are mixed with the alkali liquid to form a gas-liquid mixture, and enter the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank 4 and the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank 5 through the hydrogen gas-liquid pipeline 10 and the oxygen gas-liquid pipeline 11 respectively. The alkali liquid after gas-liquid separation is combined through pipelines 15 and 16, enters the cooler 7 through pipeline 17, and then flows into the alkali liquid shielding pump 6.
碱性电解水的原理是两个水分子在电解槽的阴极和阳极的电场作用下，电解产生两个氢气分子和一个氧气分子。根据热力学原理，阴极产生氢气的体积是阳极产生氧气体积的两倍。传统的商业化碱性电解水装置在电解槽工作状态下，气体体积一般比液体体积多，所以气体体积的变化会直接引起气液分离罐内液位的变化。特别是在功率突然变化时，这种传统的商业化碱性电解水装置的氢气和氧气气液分离罐液位会产生更大的波动。氢气和氧气的液位不平衡会直接导致电解槽内阴极侧与阳极侧压力失衡。目前电解槽常用的隔膜是一种多孔膜。电解槽内阴极侧与阳极侧的压力不平衡会引起氢气或氧气通过隔膜进入阳极侧或阴极侧，造成氢气或氧气之间的气体互窜，并由 于氢气与氧气的混合有可能产生爆炸。尽管现有技术中，对于质子膜电解槽(PEM)已经提出将气液分离之后获得氢气和氧气储存在不同体积的储存罐中，以避免隔膜破裂。然而，由于PEM电解槽的隔膜两边的扩散层是致密材料，一般可以承受几个大气压的压差，而质子膜本身不会透过气体。而碱性电解槽的隔膜是多孔膜，两侧仅需要存在较小的压差，通常小于0.01个大气压，就可以引起气体互窜，因而这种方法无法解决碱性电解槽内由于较小压力不平衡引起的气体互窜问题。The principle of alkaline water electrolysis is that two water molecules are electrolyzed under the electric field of the cathode and anode of the electrolytic cell to produce two hydrogen molecules and one oxygen molecule. According to the principles of thermodynamics, the volume of hydrogen produced by the cathode is twice the volume of oxygen produced by the anode. In traditional commercial alkaline water electrolysis devices, when the electrolytic cell is in working condition, the gas volume is generally larger than the liquid volume, so the change in gas volume will directly cause the change in the liquid level in the gas-liquid separation tank. Especially when the power changes suddenly, the liquid level of the hydrogen and oxygen gas-liquid separation tanks of this traditional commercial alkaline water electrolysis device will produce greater fluctuations. The imbalance of the liquid levels of hydrogen and oxygen will directly lead to an imbalance of pressure between the cathode and anode sides of the electrolytic cell. The diaphragm commonly used in electrolytic cells is currently a porous membrane. The pressure imbalance between the cathode and anode sides of the electrolytic cell will cause hydrogen or oxygen to pass through the diaphragm into the anode or cathode side, causing gas crosstalk between hydrogen or oxygen, and caused by The mixture of hydrogen and oxygen may cause an explosion. Although in the prior art, it has been proposed to store the hydrogen and oxygen obtained after gas-liquid separation in storage tanks of different volumes for proton membrane electrolyzers (PEM) to avoid diaphragm rupture. However, since the diffusion layers on both sides of the diaphragm of the PEM electrolyzer are dense materials, they can generally withstand a pressure difference of several atmospheres, and the proton membrane itself will not pass gas. The diaphragm of the alkaline electrolyzer is a porous membrane, and only a small pressure difference on both sides, usually less than 0.01 atmospheres, can cause gas crosstalk. Therefore, this method cannot solve the gas crosstalk problem caused by a small pressure imbalance in the alkaline electrolyzer.
因此，对减小氢气和氧气气液分离罐液位波动的更安全的电解水制氢装置存在持续的需求。Therefore, there is a continuous demand for a safer water electrolysis hydrogen production device that reduces the liquid level fluctuation of the hydrogen and oxygen gas-liquid separation tank.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中电解水制氢装置中氢气和氧气气液分离罐的液位波动、电解槽内阴极侧与阳极侧压力失衡的缺陷。本发明发现，电解槽内由于较小压力不平衡引起的气体互窜问题主要是由于阴极侧和阳极侧的气液分离结构的液位高度不同造成的，从而设计了一种新的电解水制氢装置，采用了一种新的气液分离结构，在这种新的结构中，功率突然改变过程中气液分离系统的液位可以维持平衡稳定，这种液位的平衡稳定可以避免氢气与氧气互窜，从而保证系统的安全。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the defects of liquid level fluctuation of hydrogen and oxygen gas-liquid separation tanks and pressure imbalance between cathode and anode sides in the electrolyzer in the prior art. The present invention finds that the gas crosstalk problem caused by a small pressure imbalance in the electrolyzer is mainly caused by the different liquid level heights of the gas-liquid separation structure on the cathode side and the anode side, so a new water electrolysis hydrogen production device is designed, which adopts a new gas-liquid separation structure. In this new structure, the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation system can maintain a balanced stability during the sudden change of power. This balanced stability of the liquid level can avoid hydrogen and oxygen crosstalk, thereby ensuring the safety of the system.
本发明提供了一种非对称电解水制氢装置，用于碱性电解水制氢或阴离子交换膜电解水制氢，包括电解槽、氢气气液分离罐、氧气气液分离罐，氢气气液分离罐的入口通过管道和电解槽的阴极小室连通，氧气气液分离罐的入口通过管道和电解槽的阳极小室连通，所述氢气气液分离罐截面积为所述氧气气液分离罐截面积的两倍。The present invention provides an asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device, which is used for alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production or anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production, comprising an electrolyzer, a hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank, and an oxygen gas-liquid separation tank, wherein the inlet of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank is connected to the cathode chamber of the electrolyzer through a pipeline, and the inlet of the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank is connected to the anode chamber of the electrolyzer through a pipeline, and the cross-sectional area of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank is twice the cross-sectional area of the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank.
本发明具有以下有益效果：碱性电解槽已经在生产和销售超过30年，目前还没有非对称气液分离结构出现，而本发明通过使用非对称的气液分离结构，可以更好地维持气液分离罐的液位平衡，特别是在功率发生突然变化时，气液分离罐的液面高度会跟着变化，但氢气气液分离罐和氧气气液分离罐变化的速度相同，两边气液分离罐的液位保持平衡状态，避免了由氢气和氧气互窜产生的爆炸危险，保证了系统的安全，这种非对称电解水制氢装置特别对大规模可再生能源制氢的安全有非常重要意义。 The present invention has the following beneficial effects: alkaline electrolyzers have been produced and sold for more than 30 years, and there is no asymmetric gas-liquid separation structure at present. However, the present invention can better maintain the liquid level balance of the gas-liquid separation tank by using an asymmetric gas-liquid separation structure, especially when the power changes suddenly, the liquid level height of the gas-liquid separation tank will change accordingly, but the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank change at the same speed, and the liquid levels of the gas-liquid separation tanks on both sides remain in a balanced state, avoiding the explosion hazard caused by the mutual crosstalk between hydrogen and oxygen, and ensuring the safety of the system. This asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device is of great significance to the safety of large-scale renewable energy hydrogen production.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为传统的商业化碱性电解水装置的结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conventional commercial alkaline water electrolysis device;
图2为本发明一种实施方式的非对称电解水制氢装置的结构示意图；FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of an asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明另一种实施方式的非对称电解水制氢装置的结构示意图。FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of an asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面通过附图和实施例对本申请进一步详细说明。通过这些说明，本申请的特点和优点将变得更为清楚明确。The present application is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Through these descriptions, the characteristics and advantages of the present application will become clearer and more specific.
在这里专用的词“示例性”意为“用作例子、实施例或说明性”。这里作为“示例性”所说明的任何实施例不必解释为优于或好于其它实施例。尽管在附图中示出了实施例的各种方面，但是除非特别指出，不必按比例绘制附图。The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration." Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless otherwise noted.
此外，下面所描述的本申请不同实施方式中涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
目前传统的商业化电解槽的设计是阴极侧与阳极侧的结构一样，包括管道、流道、气液分离罐的体积和结构基本相同。尽管通过气动阀门的控制，在稳定功率运行的条件下，氢气与氧气气液分离罐(如附图1所示)的液位平衡可以得到控制，但是当功率改变时，特别是功率变化比较大时，氢气和氧气气液分离罐两边液位会产生剧烈波动。液位的波动有两种风险：第一，液位波动会对气液分离罐气体压力产生影响，这种压力会传递到阴极小室8和阳极小室9，造成氢气氧气通过隔膜互窜，影响电解制氢的电流效率及系统安全；第二，如果液位波动过大，氢气和氧气会通过管道15和16混合，产生爆炸风险。At present, the design of the traditional commercial electrolyzer is that the structure of the cathode side is the same as that of the anode side, including the volume and structure of the pipeline, flow channel, and gas-liquid separation tank are basically the same. Although the liquid level balance of the hydrogen and oxygen gas-liquid separation tanks (as shown in Figure 1) can be controlled under the condition of stable power operation through the control of the pneumatic valve, when the power changes, especially when the power change is relatively large, the liquid levels on both sides of the hydrogen and oxygen gas-liquid separation tanks will fluctuate violently. There are two risks of liquid level fluctuation: first, liquid level fluctuation will affect the gas pressure of the gas-liquid separation tank, and this pressure will be transmitted to the cathode chamber 8 and the anode chamber 9, causing hydrogen and oxygen to cross each other through the diaphragm, affecting the current efficiency and system safety of hydrogen electrolysis; second, if the liquid level fluctuation is too large, hydrogen and oxygen will mix through pipes 15 and 16, creating an explosion risk.
产生这种波动的主要原因之一是氢气的产生速度是氧气的两倍，但是目前碱性电解水制氢装置和阴离子交换膜电解水制氢装置的电解槽整体结构是对称的。这种对称结构中，从电解槽出来的氢气与液体混合物的流速会高于氧气与液体混合物的速度，这也是导致气液分离液位剧烈波动的主要原因。One of the main reasons for this fluctuation is that the production rate of hydrogen is twice that of oxygen, but the overall structure of the electrolyzer of the current alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device and the anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production device is symmetrical. In this symmetrical structure, the flow rate of the hydrogen and liquid mixture coming out of the electrolyzer will be higher than the speed of the oxygen and liquid mixture, which is also the main reason for the violent fluctuation of the gas-liquid separation level.
本发明发现，为了保证电解水制氢装置在功率变化过程中能够有效地避免氢气与氧气互窜，可以设计一种非对称气液分离系统，在功率变化过程中使氢气气液分离罐和氧气气液分离罐这两个气液分离罐的液位保持平衡，并且维持在一个安全的高度范围。这种非对称设计同时可以减少成本和提高系统效率，提高装置的稳定性和安全性。 The present invention finds that in order to ensure that the electrolytic water hydrogen production device can effectively avoid hydrogen and oxygen from crosstalk during the power change process, an asymmetric gas-liquid separation system can be designed to keep the liquid levels of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank balanced and maintained in a safe height range during the power change process. This asymmetric design can also reduce costs and improve system efficiency, and improve the stability and safety of the device.
基于此，本发明设计了一种新的电解水制氢装置，其使用了不对称的气液分离结构，基于这种新的结构，在功率改变过程中气液分离结构内部的液位可以维持平衡稳定，液位的平衡稳定可以避免氢气与氧气互窜。Based on this, the present invention designs a new water electrolysis hydrogen production device, which uses an asymmetric gas-liquid separation structure. Based on this new structure, the liquid level inside the gas-liquid separation structure can maintain a balanced and stable state during the power change process. The balanced and stable liquid level can prevent hydrogen and oxygen from cross-talking.
根据本发明的一种实施方式，提供了一种非对称电解水制氢装置，包括电解槽、氢气气液分离罐、氧气气液分离罐，氢气气液分离罐的入口通过管道和电解槽的阴极小室连通，氧气气液分离罐的入口通过管道和电解槽的阳极小室连通，所述氢气气液分离罐截面积为所述氧气气液分离罐截面积的两倍。这种非对称电解水制氢装置不仅可以用于碱性电解水制氢，也可用于阴离子交换膜电解水制氢。According to one embodiment of the present invention, an asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device is provided, comprising an electrolyzer, a hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank, and an oxygen gas-liquid separation tank, wherein the inlet of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank is connected to the cathode chamber of the electrolyzer through a pipeline, and the inlet of the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank is connected to the anode chamber of the electrolyzer through a pipeline, and the cross-sectional area of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank is twice the cross-sectional area of the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank. This asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device can be used not only for alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production, but also for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production.
本发明的气液分离结构采用非对称的结构，主要是指氢气气液分离罐和氧气气液分离罐的结构是不对称的。由于氢气产量是氧气产量的两倍，为了在功率发生突然改变时，两个气液分离罐液面保持平衡，将氢气气液分离罐截面积设置为氧气气液分离罐截面积的两倍，可以使进入氢气气液分离罐和氧气气液分离罐的气体压力基本相同，液位基本保持平衡。The gas-liquid separation structure of the present invention adopts an asymmetric structure, mainly referring to that the structures of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank are asymmetric. Since the hydrogen output is twice the oxygen output, in order to keep the liquid levels of the two gas-liquid separation tanks balanced when the power changes suddenly, the cross-sectional area of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank is set to be twice the cross-sectional area of the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank, so that the gas pressures entering the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank are basically the same, and the liquid levels are basically balanced.
根据本发明的优选实施方式，氢气气液分离罐和/或所述氧气气液分离罐为高压容器，氢气气液分离罐和/或所述氧气气液分离罐一般采用立式或卧式的圆柱形容器。According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and/or the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank are high-pressure containers, and the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and/or the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank are generally vertical or horizontal cylindrical containers.
根据本发明的另一种实施方式，与氢气气液分离罐连接的管道截面积可以为与氧气气液分离罐连接的管道截面积的两倍。不仅如此，阴极小室截面积也可以是阳极小室截面积的两倍。本发明的非对称结构不限于气液分离罐，还可以包括与其相连的管道、以及电解槽的阴极小室和阳极小室部分，这样更能保证两个气液分离罐中的压力和液位平衡。更优选，液体进入电解槽阴极小室的体积可以为进入电解槽阳极小室体积的两倍。According to another embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of the pipeline connected to the hydrogen gas-liquid separator tank can be twice the cross-sectional area of the pipeline connected to the oxygen gas-liquid separator tank. In addition, the cross-sectional area of the cathode chamber can also be twice the cross-sectional area of the anode chamber. The asymmetric structure of the present invention is not limited to the gas-liquid separator tank, but can also include a pipeline connected thereto, and the cathode chamber and anode chamber parts of the electrolyzer, so that the pressure and liquid level balance in the two gas-liquid separator tanks can be better ensured. More preferably, the volume of liquid entering the cathode chamber of the electrolyzer can be twice the volume of liquid entering the anode chamber of the electrolyzer.
根据本发明的另一种实施方式，非对称电解水制氢装置还包括屏蔽泵，屏蔽泵的入口与氢气气液分离罐和/或氧气气液分离罐的液体出口通过管道连通，屏蔽泵的出口与电解槽的阴极小室和/或阳极小室的液体入口通过管道连通。优选是，可以设置两台屏蔽泵，分别设置在氢气气液分离罐的液体出口和电解槽的阴极小室的液体入口之间以及氧气气液分离罐的液体出口和电解槽的阳极小室的液体入口之间。According to another embodiment of the present invention, the asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device further includes a shielded pump, the inlet of the shielded pump is connected to the liquid outlet of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and/or the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank through a pipeline, and the outlet of the shielded pump is connected to the liquid inlet of the cathode chamber and/or the anode chamber of the electrolyzer through a pipeline. Preferably, two shielded pumps can be provided, respectively provided between the liquid outlet of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and the liquid inlet of the cathode chamber of the electrolyzer and between the liquid outlet of the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank and the liquid inlet of the anode chamber of the electrolyzer.
根据本发明的另一种实施方式，非对称电解水制氢装置还包括冷却器， 设置在氢气气液分离罐和/或氧气气液分离罐的液体出口与屏蔽泵之间。According to another embodiment of the present invention, the asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device further includes a cooler. It is arranged between the liquid outlet of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and/or the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank and the shielded pump.
下面通过实施例进一步说明本发明，但本发明并不限于此。The present invention is further described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
实施例1Example 1
如附图2所示，非对称电解水制氢装置包括变压整流器1’、控制系统2’、电解槽3’、氢气气液分离罐4’、氧气气液分离罐5’、碱液屏蔽泵6’和冷却器7’。碱液通过碱液屏蔽泵6’推动经由电解槽3’下方的流道进入阴极小室8’和阳极小室9’，在电流作用下分别产生氢气和氧气。产生的氢气和氧气分别与碱液混合的气液混合物分别通过氢气气液管道10’和氧气气液管道11’进入氢气气液分离罐4’和氧气气液分离罐5’。经过气液分离后的碱液通过管道15’和16’汇合，经过管道17’进入冷却器7’，然后流进碱液屏蔽泵6’。其中，氢气气液分离罐4’截面积为氧气气液分离罐5’截面积的两倍，阴极小室8’、氢气气液管道10’和管道15’的截面积也分别为阳极小室9’、氧气气液管道11’和管道16’的两倍，这样使得在功率发生突然改变时，两个气液分离罐液面能够保持平衡。As shown in Figure 2, the asymmetric electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen device comprises a transformer rectifier 1', a control system 2', an electrolyzer 3', a hydrogen gas-liquid separator 4', an oxygen gas-liquid separator 5', an alkali liquid shielding pump 6' and a cooler 7'. The alkali liquid is pushed by the alkali liquid shielding pump 6' through the flow channel below the electrolyzer 3' to enter the cathode chamber 8' and the anode chamber 9', and hydrogen and oxygen are respectively produced under the action of electric current. The gas-liquid mixture of the hydrogen and oxygen produced and mixed with the alkali liquid respectively enters the hydrogen gas-liquid separator 4' and the oxygen gas-liquid separator 5' through the hydrogen gas-liquid pipeline 10' and the oxygen gas-liquid pipeline 11' respectively. The alkali liquid after gas-liquid separation is merged by pipelines 15' and 16', enters the cooler 7' through pipeline 17', and then flows into the alkali liquid shielding pump 6'. Among them, the cross-sectional area of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank 4' is twice the cross-sectional area of the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank 5', and the cross-sectional areas of the cathode chamber 8', the hydrogen gas-liquid pipeline 10' and the pipeline 15' are also twice the cross-sectional areas of the anode chamber 9', the oxygen gas-liquid pipeline 11' and the pipeline 16', respectively. In this way, when the power changes suddenly, the liquid levels of the two gas-liquid separation tanks can remain balanced.
实施例2Example 2
本发明的非对称设计也同样适合于分立循环型的气液分离结构。如附图3所示，非对称电解水制氢装置包括变压整流器1’、控制系统2’、电解槽3’、氢气气液分离罐4’、氧气气液分离罐5’、碱液屏蔽泵6a、6b和冷却器7a、7b。氢气气液分离后的碱液通过管道15’进入冷却器7a，然后在碱液屏蔽泵6a推动进入电解槽3’的阴极小室8’，氧气气液分离后的碱液通过管道16’进入冷却器7b，然后在碱液屏蔽泵6b推动进入电解槽3’的阳极小室9’。进入阴极小室8’和阳极小室的碱液在电流作用下分别产生氢气和氧气。产生的氢气和氧气分别与碱液混合的气液混合物分别通过氢气气液管道10’和氧气气液管道11’进入氢气气液分离罐4’和氧气气液分离罐5’。其中，氢气气液分离罐4’截面积为氧气气液分离罐5’截面积的两倍，阴极小室8’、氢气气液管道10’和管道15’的截面积也分别为阳极小室9’、氧气气液管道11’和管道16’的两倍，这样使得在功率发生突然改变时，两个气液分离罐液面保持平衡。The asymmetric design of the present invention is also suitable for a discrete circulation type gas-liquid separation structure. As shown in Figure 3, the asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device includes a transformer rectifier 1', a control system 2', an electrolyzer 3', a hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank 4', an oxygen gas-liquid separation tank 5', an alkali liquid shielding pump 6a, 6b and a cooler 7a, 7b. The alkali liquid after hydrogen gas-liquid separation enters the cooler 7a through a pipeline 15', and then is pushed into the cathode chamber 8' of the electrolyzer 3' by the alkali liquid shielding pump 6a. The alkali liquid after oxygen gas-liquid separation enters the cooler 7b through a pipeline 16', and then is pushed into the anode chamber 9' of the electrolyzer 3' by the alkali liquid shielding pump 6b. The alkali liquid entering the cathode chamber 8' and the anode chamber produces hydrogen and oxygen respectively under the action of electric current. The gas-liquid mixture of the generated hydrogen and oxygen mixed with the alkali liquid respectively enters the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank 4' and the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank 5' through the hydrogen gas-liquid pipeline 10' and the oxygen gas-liquid pipeline 11'. Among them, the cross-sectional area of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank 4' is twice the cross-sectional area of the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank 5', and the cross-sectional areas of the cathode chamber 8', the hydrogen gas-liquid pipeline 10' and the pipeline 15' are also twice the cross-sectional areas of the anode chamber 9', the oxygen gas-liquid pipeline 11' and the pipeline 16', respectively. In this way, when the power changes suddenly, the liquid levels of the two gas-liquid separation tanks remain balanced.
分立循环型的气液分离结构的主要特点是气液分离后的碱液分别通过管道15’和16’、冷却器7a和7b以及碱液屏蔽泵6a、6b进入电解槽3’的阴极小室8’和阳极小室9’。碱液分别在氢气侧和氧气侧独立循环，只有在特定条件下才通过气动阀门18’产生混合以保持浓度的平衡。对于分立循环型的 气液分离结构，同样需要保持氢气和氧气的气液分离器液位平衡，才能避免阴极小室8’与阳极小室9’压力不平衡。The main feature of the discrete circulation type gas-liquid separation structure is that the alkali liquid after gas-liquid separation enters the cathode chamber 8' and the anode chamber 9' of the electrolytic cell 3' through pipelines 15' and 16', coolers 7a and 7b, and alkali liquid shielding pumps 6a and 6b. The alkali liquid circulates independently on the hydrogen side and the oxygen side, and only under certain conditions will it be mixed through the pneumatic valve 18' to maintain the concentration balance. The gas-liquid separation structure also needs to maintain the liquid level balance of hydrogen and oxygen in the gas-liquid separator to avoid pressure imbalance between the cathode chamber 8' and the anode chamber 9'.
以上结合了优选的实施方式对本申请进行了说明，不过这些实施方式仅是范例性的，仅起到说明性的作用。在此基础上，可以对本申请进行多种替换和改进，这些均落入本申请的保护范围内。 The present application has been described above in conjunction with preferred embodiments, but these embodiments are only exemplary and serve only as an illustration. On this basis, various replacements and improvements can be made to the present application, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims (8)

  1. 一种非对称电解水制氢装置，用于碱性电解水制氢或阴离子交换膜电解水制氢，其特征在于，包括电解槽、氢气气液分离罐、氧气气液分离罐，所述氢气气液分离罐的入口通过管道和所述电解槽的阴极小室连通，所述氧气气液分离罐的入口通过管道和所述电解槽的阳极小室连通，所述氢气气液分离罐截面积为所述氧气气液分离罐截面积的两倍。An asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device is used for alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production or anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production, characterized in that it includes an electrolyzer, a hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank, and an oxygen gas-liquid separation tank, the inlet of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank is connected to the cathode chamber of the electrolyzer through a pipeline, the inlet of the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank is connected to the anode chamber of the electrolyzer through a pipeline, and the cross-sectional area of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank is twice the cross-sectional area of the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述氢气气液分离罐和/或所述氧气气液分离罐为高压容器。The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and/or the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank are high-pressure containers.
  3. 如权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述氢气气液分离罐和/或所述氧气气液分离罐为立式或卧式的圆柱形容器。The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and/or the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank is a vertical or horizontal cylindrical container.
  4. 如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，与所述氢气气液分离罐连接的管道截面积为与所述氧气气液分离罐连接的管道截面积的两倍。The device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the pipeline connected to the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank is twice the cross-sectional area of the pipeline connected to the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank.
  5. 如权利要求1至4任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述电解槽的阴极小室截面积为所述电解槽的阳极小室截面积的两倍。The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the cathode chamber of the electrolytic cell is twice the cross-sectional area of the anode chamber of the electrolytic cell.
  6. 如权利要求1至4任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括屏蔽泵，所述屏蔽泵的入口与所述氢气气液分离罐和/或所述氧气气液分离罐的液体出口通过管道连通，所述屏蔽泵的出口与所述电解槽的阴极小室和/或阳极小室的液体入口通过管道连通。The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is characterized in that it also includes a shielded pump, the inlet of the shielded pump is connected to the liquid outlet of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and/or the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank through a pipeline, and the outlet of the shielded pump is connected to the liquid inlet of the cathode chamber and/or the anode chamber of the electrolyzer through a pipeline.
  7. 如权利要求1至4任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，包括两台屏蔽泵，分别设置在所述氢气气液分离罐的液体出口和所述电解槽的阴极小室的液体入口之间以及所述氧气气液分离罐的液体出口和所述电解槽的阳极小室的液体入口之间。The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is characterized in that it comprises two shielded pumps, which are respectively arranged between the liquid outlet of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and the liquid inlet of the cathode chamber of the electrolyzer and between the liquid outlet of the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank and the liquid inlet of the anode chamber of the electrolyzer.
  8. 如权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括冷却器，设置在所述氢气气液分离罐和/或所述氧气气液分离罐的液体出口与所述屏蔽泵之间。 The device according to claim 6 is characterized in that it also includes a cooler, which is arranged between the liquid outlet of the hydrogen gas-liquid separation tank and/or the oxygen gas-liquid separation tank and the shielded pump.
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