CN111005029A - Electrolytic aquatic product gas pressure self-balancing device and application thereof - Google Patents
Electrolytic aquatic product gas pressure self-balancing device and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
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- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
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- C25B13/00—Diaphragms; Spacing elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
- C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
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- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Abstract
The invention discloses an electrolytic aquatic product gas pressure self-balancing device and application thereof, and relates to the field of gas pressure self-balancing devices. The electrolytic water gas pressure self-balancing device comprises an electrolytic unit, wherein the electrolytic unit comprises a first cathode, a common anode and a second cathode, the common anode is arranged between the first cathode and the second cathode, two side faces of the common anode are respectively arranged opposite to the first cathode and the second cathode, the first cathode and the second cathode are connected in parallel and are respectively used for being connected with a negative electrode of an external power supply, and the common anode is used for being connected with a positive electrode of the external power supply. The electrolysis unit without pressure difference can be formed, a special pressure balance part or system is not required to be additionally arranged, the complexity of the electrolysis system is effectively reduced, the cost is reduced, the popularization and the application of the water electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production technology are facilitated, the water electrolysis under higher pressure can be easily realized particularly when the electrolysis unit is applied to the water electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production, the pressure of gas production can be obviously improved, and the gas production efficiency is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of gas pressure self-balancing devices, in particular to an electrolytic aquatic product gas pressure self-balancing device and application thereof.
Background
The water electrolysis gas production is a hydrogen and oxygen production process only consuming electric energy and water, and the gas production process is green and pollution-free. Under the situation that the current energy and environmental problems are severe, green energy must be developed vigorously, and the electrolysis of water to produce gas is a second choice for realizing the green energy. The electrolyzed water produced gas contains hydrogen and oxygen, and the hydrogen is a very clean energy carrier, and a great deal of manpower and financial resources are invested in various countries to develop hydrogen energy related industries and technologies, such as hydrogen fuel cell automobiles, hydrogen fuel cell power generation and the like. Although there are many processes that can realize water decomposition, such as proton exchange membrane electrolyzed water, alkaline electrolyzed water, high temperature electrolyzed water, photocatalytic decomposed water, etc. However, all the above water electrolysis processes are based on the principle that one water molecule is dissociated into hydrogen ions and oxygen ions, the hydrogen ions become hydrogen atoms after obtaining external electrons and further combine into hydrogen molecules and hydrogen gas, and the oxygen ions are deprived of two electrons to form oxygen atoms and further combine into oxygen molecules and oxygen gas.
Conventional electrolysis systems employ a single cathode and a single anode design, but a significant pressure differential between the anode and cathode has been found. In addition, for the electrolysis process with the liquid electrolytic medium, the electrolytic efficiency can be effectively improved by improving the working pressure, and the internal resistance of the electrolytic medium caused by bubbles is reduced because the volume of the bubbles generated by electrolysis under high pressure is compressed. Under high pressure, the pressure balance of the two sides of the cathode and the anode is very critical, and when pressure difference exists, the electrolytic system is easily damaged, so that the hydrogen and the oxygen are mixed to cause danger. Therefore, conventional water electrolysis systems, especially high pressure water electrolysis systems, are provided with dedicated pressure balancing components or systems, such as pressure balancing pumps, pressure balancing systems. The pressure balance pump can rapidly increase the pressure of the anode when detecting the pressure difference, so that the pressure of the anode is matched with the pressure of the cathode; the pressure balance system is mainly used in the water electrolysis process of the proton exchange membrane, and the inlet water with initial pressure is mixed with anolyte during electrolysis so as to balance the pressure difference between the anode and the print. The use of the above-mentioned pressure balance components or pressure balance systems all leads to an increase in the cost and complexity of the water electrolysis system, which is not favorable for the development and application of hydrogen energy.
In view of this, the invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a self-balancing device for the pressure of electrolyzed water, which can realize electrolysis gas production without pressure difference, high pressure and low energy consumption, effectively reduce the complexity of an electrolysis system and reduce the cost of the system.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the electrolytic water gas pressure self-balancing device, which can be applied to various electrolytic water gas production processes and has a wide application range.
A third object of the present invention is to provide an electrolysis large unit which has a stronger hydrogen production capacity.
It is a fourth object of the present invention to provide an electrolysis system having a greater hydrogen production capacity.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
in a first aspect, an embodiment provides an electrolytic water gas pressure self-balancing device, which includes an electrolytic unit, where the electrolytic unit includes a first cathode, a common anode and a second cathode, the common anode is disposed between the first cathode and the second cathode, two side faces of the common anode are respectively disposed opposite to the first cathode and the second cathode, the first cathode and the second cathode are connected in parallel and are respectively used for being connected with a negative electrode of an external power supply, and the common anode is used for being connected with a positive electrode of the external power supply.
In an alternative embodiment, the electrolytic water gas pressure self-balancing device further comprises a first diaphragm disposed between the first cathode and the common anode, and a second diaphragm disposed between the common anode and the second cathode.
In an alternative embodiment, the electrolytic water gas pressure self-balancing device further comprises an electrolyte, and the electrolyte comprises an acidic aqueous solution, an alkaline aqueous solution, pure water or water vapor.
In an alternative embodiment, the material of the first membrane and the second membrane is a thin film that allows only ions to permeate therethrough and does not allow gas to permeate therethrough.
In an alternative embodiment, when the electrolyte is an aqueous alkaline solution, the first and second membranes are anion exchange membranes;
preferably, the anion exchange membrane is a polytetrafluoroethylene-based cathode membrane or a polyvinyl cathode membrane.
In an alternative embodiment, when the electrolyte is an acidic aqueous solution or pure water, the first and second membranes are cation exchange membranes or proton exchange membranes;
preferably, the first membrane and the second membrane are high-performance composite membranes of perfluorosulfonic acid and perfluorocarboxylic acid or polyethylene positive membranes.
In an alternative embodiment, when the electrolyte is water vapor, the first and second membranes are solid oxide electrolyte membranes;
preferably, the first membrane and the second membrane are 8YSZ or GDC.
In a second aspect, embodiments provide the use of the electrolyzed water gas pressure self-balancing apparatus according to any one of the preceding embodiments in basic electrolyzed water gas production, high temperature solid oxide electrolyzed water gas production, proton exchange membrane electrolyzed water gas production, acid electrolyzed water gas production, or photocatalytic water splitting gas production.
In a third aspect, the embodiment provides an electrolysis large unit, which is formed by serially overlapping a plurality of electrolysis water gas pressure self-balancing devices according to any one of the foregoing embodiments in a jumper manner;
preferably, in a plurality of the electrolysis units, the first cathode and the second cathode of any one of the electrolysis units are connected with the common anode of the next stage of the electrolysis unit through leads, and one common anode for connecting with the anode of the external power supply and a group of the first cathode and the second cathode for connecting with the cathode of the external power supply are left at two ends of the electrolysis unit.
In a fourth aspect, the embodiment provides an electrolysis system, which is composed of a plurality of electrolysis large units as described in the previous embodiment in parallel.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the electrolytic water gas making pressure self-balancing device designed by the application utilizes a symmetrical structure of 'first cathode-common anode-second cathode' to combine two electrolytic cells with single cathode and single anode to form a whole, can form an electrolysis unit without differential pressure, does not need to be additionally provided with a special pressure balancing component or system, effectively reduces the complexity of an electrolysis system, meanwhile, the cost of the system is reduced, the electrolysis gas production with high pressure and low energy consumption can be realized, the popularization and the application of the hydrogen and oxygen production technology by electrolyzing water are facilitated, in particular to the application in the hydrogen and oxygen production by alkaline electrolysis water, can easily realize water electrolysis under higher pressure, obviously improve the pressure of gas generation, greatly improve the gas generation efficiency, compared with the traditional alkali type electrolytic water system, the system realizes low-cost and high-pressure gas production, can effectively reduce the hydrogen production cost, and is beneficial to the development of hydrogen energy technology.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic wiring diagram of an electrolytic water gas pressure self-balancing device provided in embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the components of the electrolytic water gas pressure self-balancing device provided in embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a circular electrolysis unit of the electrolyzed water gas pressure self-balancing apparatus provided in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a large electrolysis cell provided in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of an electrolysis system provided in example 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a square electrolysis unit of the electrolytic water pressure self-balancing device provided in example 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a large electrolysis cell provided in example 2;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a square electrolysis unit of symmetrical structural design of a pressure self-balancing device for electrolyzed water provided in example 3;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the large electrolysis cell provided in example 3.
Icon: 100-electrolytic aquatic product gas pressure self-balancing device; 111-a first cathode; 112-common anode; 113-a second cathode; 114-a first membrane; 115-a second membrane; 116-an electrode holder; 117-sealing ring; 118-a bipolar plate; 119-a web; 1191-electrolyte inlet; 1192-electrolyte channel; 1193-air collecting channel; 120-end plate; 121-package board; 200-electrolysis large unit; 300-electrolytic system.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The application provides an electrolytic water gas pressure self-balancing device 100, which comprises an electrolysis unit, wherein the electrolysis unit comprises a first cathode 111, a common anode 112 and a second cathode 113. The common anode 112 is disposed between the first cathode 111 and the second cathode 113, two side surfaces of the common anode 112 are respectively disposed opposite to the first cathode 111 and the second cathode 113, the first cathode 111 and the second cathode 113 are connected in parallel and are respectively used for being connected with a negative electrode of an external power source, and the common anode 112 is used for being connected with a positive electrode of the external power source.
Since it is found in the research process that in the water electrolysis process, 4 free electrons are generated for every generated oxygen molecule and transferred to the cathode via an external circuit to participate in the cathode reaction, 4 free electrons are captured by 4 hydrogen ions due to the valence of +1 of the hydrogen ions, and 4 hydrogen atoms or 2 hydrogen molecules are formed. The macroscopic representation of the reaction process is that 0.5mol of oxygen is produced for every 1mol of hydrogen produced.
In the present application, the two single-cathode and single-anode electrolytic cells are combined into a whole by adopting a symmetrical structure of "first cathode 111-common anode 112-second cathode 113". Since the common anode 112 has an operating current density 2 times that of the first and second cathodes 111, 113, the power supply line current carrying capacity of the common anode 112 is 2 times that of the first and second cathodes 111, 113, respectively.
In the case of electrolysis, when the symmetrical structure of "first cathode 111-common anode 112-second cathode 113" is adopted, the electrolysis reaction occurs simultaneously at the cathode and common anode 112, and simultaneously, carriers migrate to the common anode 112, or migrate from the common anode 112 to the two cathodes, respectively. Therefore, the electrons captured by the common anode 112 are circulated through the external circuit and then uniformly guided to the two cathodes to participate in the cathode reaction, respectively, so that the same number of moles of gas are generated at the two cathodes and the common anode 112, respectively. As can be seen from the equation of state of the ideal gas, the relationship among the pressure, volume and temperature of the gas is determined when the number of moles is the same. In the same electrolytic unit, the gas volume change caused by the temperature difference between the cathode and the anode can be ignored, and the volumes of the cathode region and the common anode 112 region of the electrolytic unit are fixed, so that the relationship between the gas production pressures of the two cathode regions and the pressure of the common anode 112 region in the electrolytic process is as follows according to an ideal gas state equation: pYin 1VYin 1＝PCommon yangVCommon yang＝PYin 2VYin 2(where P is pressure, V is volume, subscripts "cathode 1" represents first cathode 111, "common anode" represents common anode 112, and "cathode 2" represents second cathode 113). When keeping' firstThe volume of one cathode 111-the common anode 112 "is the same as the volume of" the common anode 112-the second cathode 113 ", and it can be considered that P is generated during electrolysisYin 1＝PCommon yang＝PYin 2I.e., no voltage difference between the two cathode regions and the common anode 112 region. During electrolysis, the two cathodes respectively generate equal amounts of hydrogen, and the common anode 112 generates equal amounts of oxygen, and the equal amounts of hydrogen and oxygen have the same volume or the same pressure because the environmental conditions of the hydrogen and oxygen are basically the same. Therefore, the design of the symmetrical structure of the first cathode 111, the common anode 112 and the second cathode 113 can form an electrolysis unit without pressure difference.
The symmetrical structure in the application can be suitable for the high-temperature solid oxide water electrolysis process because the electrodes can be separated without a diaphragm, and the water electrolysis can be realized without the diaphragm because the electrolyte in the high-temperature solid oxide water electrolysis process is compact solid oxide.
Further, when the electrolytic water gas pressure self-balancing device 100 provided by the present application is applied to other electrolytic water processes, for example: when the basic electrolytic water is used for preparing gas, the proton exchange membrane is used for preparing gas, the acid electrolytic water is used for preparing gas, or the photocatalytic water decomposition is used for preparing gas, the electrolysis unit of the electrolytic water pressure self-balancing device 100 further comprises a first diaphragm 114 and a second diaphragm 115, the first diaphragm 114 is arranged between the first cathode 111 and the common anode 112, and the second diaphragm 115 is arranged between the common anode 112 and the second cathode 113. The material of the first membrane 114 and the second membrane 115 is a thin film that allows only ions to permeate therethrough and does not allow gas to permeate therethrough.
And the selection of the materials of the first diaphragm 114 and the second diaphragm 115 in the present application is selectively replaced depending on the electrolyte in the electrolytic water pressure self-balancing device 100. Specifically, the electrolyte in the present application includes, but is not limited to, an acidic aqueous solution, an alkaline aqueous solution, pure water, or water vapor.
When the electrolyte is an alkaline aqueous solution, the electrolytic carrier is OH-The first membrane 114 and the second membrane 115 are anion exchange membranes; the film only allows OH in the electrolyte under the electrolytic environment-Permeating; preferably, the ion exchange membrane is a polytetrafluoroethylene-based negative membrane or a polyethylene negative membrane.
When the electrolyte is an acidic aqueous solution or pure water, the electrolytic carrier is H+The first membrane 114 and the second membrane 115 are cation exchange membranes or proton exchange membranes; the membrane only allows H in an electrolytic environment+Preferably, the first membrane 114 and the second membrane 115 are a high performance composite membrane of perfluorosulfonic acid and perfluorocarboxylic acid or a polyethylene positive membrane.
When the electrolyte is water vapor, the electrolytic carrier is O2-The first separator 114 and the second separator 115 are solid oxide electrolyte films; preferably, the first membrane 114 and the second membrane 115 are 8YSZ or GDC, etc. Wherein 8YSZ represents an 8 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia thin film, and GDC represents a gadolinium oxide-doped ceria thin film (Ce)0.8Gd0.2O1.9)。
The difference in carriers makes the electrolytic reaction slightly different. When the carrier is an anion (OH)-And O2-) After passing through the membrane and entering the anode region, the anions are stripped of electrons by the common anode 112 to produce 0-valent products, such as H2O and O2. While the electrons captured by the common anode 112 enter the external current for the next electrolytic process. When the carrier is a cation (H)+) After passing through the membrane, the cation carriers enter the cathode region from the common anode 112 region, and obtain electrons provided by an external circuit at the cathode, finally forming H2。
Since the first diaphragm 114 and the second diaphragm 115 in the present application can be selectively replaced according to different electrolytes, the electrolytic water pressure self-balancing device 100 provided in the present application can be widely applied to various devices that satisfy the requirement that the volume fixed ratio of hydrogen to oxygen obtained after water decomposition is 2: the electrolytic water gas making process with the characteristic 1 (including but not limited to the application of basic electrolytic water gas making, high-temperature solid oxide electrolytic water gas making, proton exchange membrane electrolytic water gas making, acid electrolytic water gas making or photocatalytic water decomposition gas making) has wide application range.
The application provides an electrolysis aquatic products atmospheric pressure self-balancing unit 100 can realize the electrolysis system gas of high pressure, low energy consumption, the complexity of electrolysis system 300 has effectively been reduced, the cost of system has also been reduced simultaneously, be favorable to the popularization and the application of electrolysis water hydrogen manufacturing oxygen technology, especially the application in alkali electrolysis water hydrogen manufacturing oxygen, can easily realize the water electrolysis under the higher pressure, the pressure of producing the gas also can show and improve, its system gas efficiency has greatly improved, compare with traditional alkali electrolysis water system, low cost, high pressure system gas has been realized, can effectively reduce the hydrogen manufacturing cost, help the development of hydrogen energy technology.
Further, in practical application, the electrolytic water gas pressure self-balancing device 100 in the present application further includes an electrode clamp 116, a sealing ring 117, a bipolar plate 118 and a connection plate 119.
The first cathode 111, the second cathode 113 and the common anode 112 are respectively fixed on the electrode clamp 116 through a predetermined groove, the bipolar plate 118 is disposed on a side of the first cathode 111 away from the common anode 112, the connection plate 119 is disposed on a side of the second cathode 113 away from the common anode 112, and two sealing rings 117 are respectively disposed between the first cathode 111 and the bipolar plate 118 and between the second cathode 113 and the connection plate 119.
In this embodiment, the electrode holder 116 is made of a high corrosion-resistant, heat-resistant and easily processable polymer such as polytetrafluoroethylene and polyether. The electrode clamp 116 is provided with a power supply wiring port for connecting an external power supply with the electrode plate, and the top of the electrode clamp 116 is provided with a gas confluence port for leading out gas generated by electrolysis during stacking.
The sealing ring 117 is made of acid-proof, alkali-proof, heat-proof and insulating material, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polyether, sealing glass, etc.
The bipolar plate 118 is a component for connecting two electrolysis units, and a high polymer bipolar plate 118 such as teflon can be used, and two adjacent electrolysis units are connected in series by means of external jumpers.
The connection board 119 is made of ferritic stainless steel and is provided with an electrolyte inlet 1191, which is connected with an electrolyte channel 1192 at the bottom thereof, and the electrolyte enters the channel at the bottom after passing through the inlet; two gas collecting channels 1193 are provided at the upper part of the connection board 119 for collecting hydrogen, oxygen and electrolyte from the electrolysis unit, respectively, and guiding them into a gas-liquid separator for post-treatment.
In addition, the present application further provides an electrolysis large unit 200, which is formed by serially stacking a plurality of electrolysis water gas pressure self-balancing devices 100 in a jumper manner. Preferably, the first cathode 111 and the second cathode 113 of any one of the plurality of electrolysis units are connected with the common anode 112 of the next stage of electrolysis unit through wires, leaving one common anode 112 for connection with the positive electrode of the external power source and a set of first cathode 111 and second cathode 113 for connection with the negative electrode of the external power source at both ends of the electrolysis unit 200.
Furthermore, a plurality of the electrolysis large units 200 can be connected in parallel to form an electrolysis system 300, so that the hydrogen production capacity is further improved.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a pressure self-balancing device 100 for electrolyzing water, which includes a circular electrolysis unit, and the electrolysis unit includes a first cathode 111, a common anode 112, a second cathode 113, a first diaphragm 114, a second diaphragm 115, an electrode clamp 116, a sealing ring 117, a bipolar plate 118, and a connecting plate 119 (as shown in fig. 3).
The common anode 112 is disposed between the first cathode 111 and the second cathode 113, the first separator 114 is disposed between the first cathode 111 and the common anode 112, and the second separator 115 is disposed between the common anode 112 and the second cathode 113. In this embodiment, the first cathode 111, the common anode 112 and the second cathode 113 are respectively fixed on the electrode holder 116 through a predetermined groove, a power connection port is disposed on the electrode holder 116 to connect an external power source with an electrode plate, the first cathode 111 and the second cathode 113 are connected in parallel and are respectively used for being connected with a negative electrode of the external power source, and the common anode 112 is used for being connected with a positive electrode of the external power source.
The bipolar plate 118 is disposed on a side of the first cathode 111 away from the common anode 112, the connection plate 119 is disposed on a side of the second cathode 113 away from the common anode 112, and two sealing rings 117 are disposed between the first cathode 111 and the bipolar plate 118 and between the second cathode 113 and the connection plate 119.
The top of the electrode holder 116 is provided with a gas manifold for collecting gas generated by electrolysis during stacking.
The connecting plate 119 is provided with an electrolyte inlet 1191, the electrolyte inlet 1191 is connected with an electrolyte channel 1192 at the bottom of the connecting plate 119, and electrolyte enters the electrolyte channel 1192 at the bottom after passing through the electrolyte inlet 1191; two gas collecting channels 1193 are provided at the upper part of the connection board 119 for collecting hydrogen, oxygen and electrolyte from the electrolysis unit, respectively, and guiding them into a gas-liquid separator for post-treatment.
During electrolysis, the electrolyte enters the electrolyte channel 1192 at the bottom from the inlet of the connecting plate 119 and then enters the electrode area along the electrolyte distribution groove reserved at the bottom of each electrode. The gas generated by each electrolysis unit is respectively converged through a hydrogen converging port and an oxygen converging port, and then enters the next stage of treatment process such as gas-liquid separation through an outlet at the upper part of the connecting plate 119.
Further, referring to fig. 4, the present embodiment provides an electrolysis large unit 200, which is formed by serially stacking the electrolysis units of the electrolysis water pressure self-balancing device 100 in a jumper manner.
Both ends are packaged by ferrite stainless steel and are fixed by a plurality of pairs of screws. The jumper wire mode between each electrolysis unit is shown in fig. 6, in a plurality of electrolysis units, the first cathode 111 and the second cathode 113 of any one electrolysis unit are connected with the common anode 112 of the next-stage electrolysis unit through leads, and a common anode 112 for connecting with the anode of the external power supply and a group of first cathode 111 and second cathode 113 for connecting with the cathode of the external power supply are left at two ends of the large electrolysis unit 200.
During electrolysis, electrolyte enters from an electrolyte inlet 1191 on the connecting plate 119 in the middle, then is sent to the electrolysis units on two sides through an electrolyte channel 1192 at the bottom, and enters the electrode area of each electrolysis unit to generate electrolysis reaction to produce hydrogen and oxygen, the generated hydrogen and oxygen and the rest electrolyte flow upwards together to enter a confluence port, and finally all the hydrogen and oxygen flow together to an outlet on the connecting plate 119, and are sent to the next stage of gas-liquid treatment process, such as gas-liquid separation, drying, purification and the like, through the outlet. After treatment, the gas enters a storage tank, the electrolyte is recycled, and pure water is supplemented appropriately.
Further, referring to fig. 5, the present embodiment provides an electrolysis system 300, which is formed by connecting the electrolysis units 200 in parallel. As shown in FIG. 7, the anodes 112 of the plurality of electrolytic cells 200 shown in FIG. 6 are connected to the positive electrode of the power supply via wires, and the cathode connecting portion is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply via wires. Electrolyte inlets 1191 of the electrolysis units are connected with the electrolyte circulating system through ferritic stainless steel pipes. The gas-liquid outlets of the electrolysis units are communicated through ferritic stainless steel and are uniformly sent to the next stage of gas-liquid treatment module, and check valves are arranged at the gas-liquid outlets to prevent gas-liquid backflow.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 6, the present embodiment provides a self-balancing device 100 for pressure of electrolyzed water, which includes a circular electrolysis unit, and the electrolysis unit includes a first cathode 111, a common anode 112, a second cathode 113, a first diaphragm 114, a second diaphragm 115, an electrode clamp 116, a sealing ring 117, a bipolar plate 118, and an end plate 120.
Wherein, the end plate 120 is made of ferrite stainless steel, the bottom is provided with 2 electrolyte inlets 1191 which are communicated with the liquid inlets at the bottom of the electrodes of each electrolysis unit; the upper part of the end plate 120 is provided with 2 gas collecting holes which respectively collect hydrogen, oxygen and electrolyte from each electrolysis unit and guide the hydrogen, oxygen and electrolyte into a gas-liquid separator for post-treatment; the end plate 120 is tightly sealed with the electrolysis cell using 8 ferritic stainless steel bolts.
During electrolysis, electrolyte enters from the inlet of the end plate 120 and then enters the electrode area along the electrolyte distribution holes reserved at the bottom of the electrode. The gas generated by each electrolysis unit is respectively converged through the hydrogen converging hole and the oxygen converging hole and then enters the next stage of treatment process such as gas-liquid separation through an outlet at the upper part of the end plate 120.
The jumper manner of the electrolytic large cell 200 provided in this example is the same as that of example 1, and the structure of the electrolytic large cell 200 obtained is shown in fig. 7.
The parallel connection of the electrolysis system 300 provided in this example is the same as that in example 1 and will not be described here.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 8, the present embodiment provides a pressure self-balancing device 100 for electrolyzed water, which includes a circular electrolysis unit, and the electrolysis unit includes a first cathode 111, a common anode 112, a second cathode 113, a first diaphragm 114, a second diaphragm 115, an electrode clamp 116, a sealing ring 117, a bipolar plate 118, a connecting plate 119, and a packaging plate 121.
The jumper manner of the electrolytic large cell 200 provided in this example is the same as that of example 1, and the structure of the electrolytic large cell 200 obtained is shown in fig. 9.
The parallel connection of the electrolysis system 300 provided in this example is the same as that in example 1 and will not be described here.
Comparative example 1
JP2012057226, US 10053786: using high molecular polymer film as diaphragm, which only allows H+And (4) passing. A single cathode and a single anode are disposed on both sides of the separator. The hydrogen ions penetrate through the high molecular polymer diaphragm to form hydrogen at the cathode, oxygen generated by electrolysis is mixed with the electrolyte and discharged, and the pressure balance between the cathode and the anode is realized by adjusting the pressure of the electrolyte. The invention is only suitable for water electrolysis with proton exchange membrane.
Comparative example 2
CN 108251856A: a proton exchange membrane with an enhanced hydration function is used as a diaphragm, a single anode sheet and a single cathode sheet are respectively arranged on two sides of the diaphragm and are connected with a power supply, oxygen and hydrogen are respectively generated on an anode and a cathode on two sides of the diaphragm, and anolyte and oxygen mixed in the anolyte are discharged through a circulating water pump, so that pressure balance is realized. The invention is only suitable for water electrolysis with proton exchange membrane.
Comparative example 3
CN 109898092A: a capacitor electrode is laid at the bottom of the electrolytic cell, and two electrolytic electrodes are arranged in the electrolytic cell. Connecting the capacitor electrode with the positive electrode of a power supply, connecting the first electrolysis electrode with the negative electrode of the power supply, and then precipitating hydrogen on the electrolysis electrode, wherein the second electrolysis electrode does not work; and connecting the capacitor electrode with the negative electrode of a power supply, and connecting the second electrolysis electrode with the positive electrode of the power supply, so that oxygen is separated out on the first electrolysis electrode, and the first electrolysis electrode does not work at the moment. The invention separates hydrogen evolution from oxygen evolution, can improve the purity of the produced gas, but can not realize pressure balance and the superposition gas production of the electrolysis unit.
Comparative example 4
TWM 494169: by providing one storage tank on each of the cathode side and the anode side, the storage tanks are filled with the electrolyte, and the two storage tanks are connected by a communication pipe and a check valve. During electrolysis, the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank is higher, so that the electrolyte in the storage tank is pushed to flow to the oxygen storage tank, and pressure balance is realized; and the check valve can effectively prevent the electrolyte in the oxygen storage tank from flowing to the hydrogen storage tank. Although the invention can realize the gas production pressure balance, the invention is lack of large-scale application feasibility.
The comparative examples provided by the application and the comparative examples 1 to 4 are combined, so that the electrolytic water gas production pressure self-balancing device designed by the application combines two electrolytic cells with single cathode and single anode into a whole by utilizing the symmetrical structure of the first cathode, the common anode and the second cathode, can form an electrolytic unit without pressure difference, does not need to be additionally provided with a special pressure balancing part or system, effectively reduces the complexity of the electrolytic system, simultaneously reduces the cost of the system, can realize the electrolytic gas production with high pressure and low energy consumption, is favorable for the popularization and application of the technology of hydrogen production by electrolytic water and oxygen, particularly the application in the hydrogen production by basic electrolytic water, can easily realize the water electrolysis under higher pressure, can obviously improve the pressure of the produced gas, greatly improves the gas production efficiency, and compared with the traditional basic electrolytic water system, realizes low-cost and high-pressure gas production, can effectively reduce the hydrogen production cost, and is beneficial to the development of hydrogen energy technology. The method can be applied to various methods which meet the requirement that the volume fixed ratio of hydrogen to oxygen obtained after water decomposition is 2: 1, the electrolytic water gas-making process has wide application range.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an electrolysis aquatic products atmospheric pressure is from balancing unit, its characterized in that, it includes the electrolysis unit, the electrolysis unit includes first negative pole, common anode and second negative pole, common anode set up in between first negative pole and the second negative pole, the both sides face of common anode respectively with first negative pole with the second negative pole sets up relatively, first negative pole with the second negative pole is parallelly connected and is used for being connected with external power source's negative pole respectively, common anode be used for with external power source's positive pole is connected.
2. The electrolytic water gas pressure self-balancing device according to claim 1, wherein the electrolysis unit further comprises a first diaphragm disposed between the first cathode and the common anode, and a second diaphragm disposed between the common anode and the second cathode.
3. The electrolytic water gas pressure self-balancing device according to claim 2, further comprising an electrolyte comprising an acidic aqueous solution, an alkaline aqueous solution, pure water or water vapor.
4. The electrolytic water pressure self-balancing device according to claim 3, wherein the first membrane and the second membrane are made of a thin film that allows only ions to permeate therethrough and does not allow gas to permeate therethrough.
5. The electrolytic water gas pressure self-balancing device according to claim 3, wherein when the electrolyte is an alkaline aqueous solution, the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm are anion exchange membranes;
preferably, the anion exchange membrane is a polytetrafluoroethylene-based cathode membrane or a polyvinyl cathode membrane.
6. The electrolytic water gas pressure self-balancing device according to claim 3, wherein when the electrolyte is an acidic aqueous solution or pure water, the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm are cation exchange membranes or proton exchange membranes;
preferably, the first membrane and the second membrane are high-performance composite membranes of perfluorosulfonic acid and perfluorocarboxylic acid or polyethylene positive membranes.
7. The electrolytic water gas pressure self-balancing device according to claim 3, wherein when the electrolyte is water vapor, the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm are solid oxide electrolyte membranes;
preferably, the first membrane and the second membrane are 8YSZ or GDC.
8. Use of the electrolyzed water gas pressure self-balancing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in basic electrolyzed water gas production, high temperature solid oxide electrolyzed water gas production, proton exchange membrane electrolyzed water gas production, acid electrolyzed water gas production, or photocatalytic water splitting gas production.
9. An electrolysis large unit, which is characterized in that the electrolysis large unit is formed by serially overlapping a plurality of electrolysis water gas pressure self-balancing devices according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in a jumper way;
preferably, in a plurality of the electrolysis units, the first cathode and the second cathode of any one of the electrolysis units are connected with the common anode of the next stage of the electrolysis unit through leads, and one common anode for connecting with the anode of the external power supply and a group of the first cathode and the second cathode for connecting with the cathode of the external power supply are left at two ends of the electrolysis unit.
10. An electrolysis system, characterized in that it is composed of a plurality of electrolysis large units according to claim 9 in parallel.
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| CN111733428A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-02 | 广东省新材料研究所 | Electrolytic unit for producing gas by electrolyzing water, device for producing gas by electrolyzing water, application of device and process for producing gas by electrolyzing water |
| CN111826671A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-27 | 广东省新材料研究所 | Device and method for producing gas by electrolyzing water |
| CN113913856A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-01-11 | 四川华能氢能科技有限公司 | Gas balancing device for water electrolysis hydrogen production |
| CN115652351A (en) * | 2022-11-03 | 2023-01-31 | 嘉庚创新实验室 | Asymmetric water electrolysis hydrogen production device |
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