CN213804006U

CN213804006U - Water electrolysis bath with novel channel arrangement mode

Info

Publication number: CN213804006U
Application number: CN202022743005.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙凯; 迟军; 俞红梅; 邵志刚; 刘凯
Original assignee: Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
Current assignee: Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
Priority date: 2020-11-24
Filing date: 2020-11-24
Publication date: 2021-07-27
Anticipated expiration: 2030-11-24

Abstract

The utility model discloses a water electrolyzer with novel channel arrangement mode belongs to water electrolysis hydrogen manufacturing technical field. The water electrolyzer comprises an upper end plate, an upper insulating plate, an upper flow collecting plate, at least one group of bipolar plates, a lower flow collecting plate, a lower insulating plate and a lower end plate, wherein the bipolar plates, the lower flow collecting plate, the lower insulating plate and the lower end plate are sequentially stacked and fastened through bolts and nuts, and sealing rings are arranged between two adjacent plates and between the bipolar plates and the membrane electrode; the two ends of the upper end plate are provided with pore channel groups which are parallel to each other, and the two ends of the upper end plate, the upper insulating plate, the upper flow collecting plate, the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode are provided with common channel groups which are parallel to each other; the anode flow channel is communicated with the electrolyte circulating water common channel, and the cathode flow channel is communicated with the hydrogen common channel. The electrolytic cell channel is in a form that the electrolyte inlet and the electrolyte outlet are arranged at two sides and the hydrogen port is arranged in the middle. The electrolytic cell end channel arrangement scheme is suitable for occasions with higher requirements on the distribution uniformity of the electrolyte in a large reaction area.

Description

Water electrolysis bath with novel channel arrangement mode

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of water electrolysis hydrogen manufacturing, concretely relates to water electrolysis trough with novel passageway arrangement mode.

Background

The water electrolysis hydrogen production technology is that direct current is introduced into an electrolytic tank filled with electrolyte, so that water molecules are subjected to electrochemical reaction on an electrode and decomposed to generate oxygen and hydrogen. The reaction area of the electrolytic cell is an electrolytic cell and is composed of a cathode electrode, an anode electrode, a membrane electrode and an electrolyte. During electrolysis, an oxidation reaction occurs at the interface of the anode and a reduction reaction occurs at the interface of the cathode. The diaphragm separates the water electrolysis chamber of the water electrolysis bath into a cathode and an anode, and separates the generated hydrogen and oxygen to prevent the hydrogen and the oxygen from penetrating each other, but ions can migrate.

For water electrolysers, the flow field distribution in the electrolysis cells is of great importance. The uniformity of the flow field distribution not only provides raw materials for smooth gas production, but also plays a role in exchanging waste heat in the electrolytic tank in the electrolytic process. In the prior art, the water electrolyzer is usually a single-channel electrolyte inlet and outlet, so that the electrolyte is unevenly distributed on the bipolar plate.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a water electrolyzer with a novel channel arrangement mode.

The utility model adopts the following technical proposal:

a water electrolyzer with a novel channel arrangement mode comprises an upper end plate, an upper insulating plate, an upper flow collecting plate, at least one group of bipolar plates, a lower flow collecting plate, a lower insulating plate and a lower end plate, wherein the bipolar plates, the lower flow collecting plate, the lower insulating plate and the lower end plate are sequentially stacked and fastened through bolts and nuts, and sealing rings are arranged between two adjacent plates and between the bipolar plates and a membrane electrode;

two ends of the upper end plate are provided with mutually parallel pore channel groups, and each pore channel group comprises a gas pore channel positioned in the middle and electrolyte circulating water pore channels positioned on two sides of the gas pore channel; the two ends of the upper end plate, the upper insulating plate, the upper flow collecting plate, the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode are respectively provided with a common channel group which is parallel to each other, and each common channel group comprises a hydrogen common channel positioned in the middle and electrolyte circulating water common channels positioned on the two sides of the hydrogen common channel; the gas channel and the hydrogen public channel are arranged correspondingly, and the electrolyte circulating water channel and the electrolyte circulating water public channel are arranged correspondingly; the regions of the two side surfaces of the bipolar plate, which are positioned between the two end common channel groups, are respectively provided with an anode runner and a cathode runner; the anode flow channel is communicated with the electrolyte circulating water common channel, and the cathode flow channel is communicated with the hydrogen common channel.

Further, in the above technical solution, the liquid flowing direction in the anode flow channel and the gas flowing direction in the cathode flow channel are perpendicular to the gas or liquid flowing direction in the pore channel group and the common channel group.

Further, in the above technical solution, a space formed by combining the anode flow channel and the membrane electrode is an anode of the electrolysis cell, and a space formed by combining the cathode flow channel and the membrane electrode is a cathode of the electrolysis cell.

Further, in the above technical scheme, the number of electrolyte circulating water pore channels arranged on two sides of each gas pore channel on the upper end plate is 1-2.

Further, in the above technical solution, the upper end plate, the upper insulating plate, the upper current collecting plate, at least one set of bipolar plates sandwiching the membrane electrode, the lower current collecting plate, the lower insulating plate, and the lower end plate in the water electrolyzer are stacked in sequence and then fastened by bolts and nuts.

Water electrolysis trough during operation with novel channel arrangement mode, electrolyte circulating water entrance connects the delivery pipe, and electrolyte circulating water delivery port connects the return pipe, delivery pipe and circulating pump exit linkage, return pipe and circulating pump access connection. And starting a circulating pump, wherein circulating water enters the upper end plate from the electrolyte circulating water inlet, then sequentially enters the electrolyte circulating water common channel on the upper insulating plate, the upper flow collecting plate, the bipolar plate, the membrane electrode and the bipolar plate, enters the anode of the electrolysis cell through the anode flow channel, and generated oxygen and residual water flow to the electrolyte circulating water outlet from the electrolyte circulating water common channel at the other end and flow into a water return pipe for recycling. And hydrogen generated by the cathode of the electrolysis chamber flows to a hydrogen outlet from the hydrogen common channels at two ends and is collected.

In order to meet the requirement of larger electrolyte flow, 4 circulating water inlets and 4 circulating water outlets are arranged on the end plate. At the moment, every two circulating water inlets or outlets correspond to one common electrolyte circulating water channel.

Advantageous effects

1. The novel channel arrangement mode of the water electrolyzer can ensure that the flow field distribution in the electrolyzer is more uniform, and is beneficial to reducing the fluctuation of gas generation and enhancing the capacity of taking away waste heat.

2. The channel arrangement mode enables the parts of the whole electrolytic cell to be of a symmetrical structure, and facilitates processing and assembly.

3. The electrolytic cell channel is in a form that the electrolyte inlet and the electrolyte outlet are arranged at two sides and the hydrogen port is arranged in the middle. The electrolytic cell end channel arrangement scheme is suitable for occasions with higher requirements on the distribution uniformity of the electrolyte in a large reaction area.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a water electrolyzer with a novel channel arrangement mode according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic view of an electrolytic cell on a bipolar plate.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of common channels and distribution channels in a water electrolyzer having a plurality of membrane electrodes.

Wherein, 1, an upper end plate; 2. an upper insulating plate; 3. an upper current collecting plate; 4. a bipolar plate; 5. a membrane electrode; 6. a seal ring; 7. a lower current collecting plate; 8. a lower insulating plate; 9. a lower end plate; 10. a bolt; 11. a nut; 12. an electrolyte circulating water inlet; 13. a hydrogen outlet a; 14. an electrolyte circulating water outlet; 15. a hydrogen outlet b; 16. an electrolyte circulating water common channel; 17. a hydrogen common channel; 18. an electrolyte circulating water distribution channel; 19. a hydrogen distribution channel; 20. an electrolysis cell cathode; 21. an electrolysis cell anode.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-3, a water electrolyzer with a novel channel arrangement comprises an upper end plate 1, an upper insulating plate 2, an upper current collecting plate 3, at least one group of bipolar plates which sandwich a membrane electrode, a lower current collecting plate 7, a lower insulating plate 8 and a lower end plate 9 which are stacked in sequence and fastened by bolts 10 and nuts 11, and sealing rings 6 are arranged between two adjacent plates and between the bipolar plates and the membrane electrode;

two ends of the upper end plate 1 are provided with mutually parallel pore channel groups, and each pore channel group comprises a gas pore channel positioned in the middle and electrolyte circulating water pore channels positioned on two sides of the gas pore channel; the two ends of the upper end plate 1, the upper insulating plate 2, the upper current collecting plate 3, the bipolar plate 4 and the membrane electrode 5 are respectively provided with a common channel group which is parallel to each other, and each common channel group comprises a hydrogen common channel 17 positioned in the middle and electrolyte circulating water common channels 16 positioned at the two sides of the hydrogen common channel 17; the gas pore channel is arranged corresponding to the hydrogen public channel 17, and the electrolyte circulating water pore channel is arranged corresponding to the electrolyte circulating water public channel 16; the regions of the two side surfaces of the bipolar plate 4, which are positioned between the two end common channel groups, are respectively provided with an anode flow channel 18 and a cathode flow channel 19; the anode flow channel 18 is communicated with the electrolyte circulating water common channel 16, and the cathode flow channel 19 is communicated with the hydrogen common channel 17. The liquid flow direction in the anode flow channels 18 and the gas flow direction in the cathode flow channels 19 are perpendicular to the gas or liquid flow direction in the hole passage group and the common passage group. The space formed by the combination of the anode flow channel 18 and the membrane electrode is an electrolysis cell anode 21, and the space formed by the combination of the cathode flow channel 19 and the membrane electrode is an electrolysis cell cathode 20. Two sides of each gas pore channel on the upper end plate 1 are respectively provided with an electrolyte circulating water pore channel.

Example 2

A water electrolysis trough with novel channel arrangement mode, as shown in figure 3, increases bipolar plate and membrane electrode quantity (3 bipolar plates, 2 membrane electrodes) alternately to form hydrogen production 25Nm³The electrolytic cell of the/h. The external electrolyte circulation pipeline is connected as follows: one side is provided with a water supply pipe which is divided into two paths to enter an electrolyte circulating water common channel from a connector position; the other side is externally connected with a pipe which is the same as the pipe and is used as a water outlet pipe for generating oxygen and circulating water of the residual electrolyte. The water supply pipe is connected with the outlet of the circulating pump, and the water return pipe is connected with the inlet of the circulating pump. The external hydrogen pipeline connection is as follows: the two pipelines are respectively connected with the hydrogen outlet a and the hydrogen outlet b. The electrolytic cell and the test system formed in the way are tested. The experimental result shows that the temperature of the electrolytic circulating liquid is stable, the fluctuation of the gas production is small, and the arrangement of the electrolytic bath channel is reasonable.

Claims

1. A water electrolysis bath with a novel channel arrangement mode is characterized by comprising an upper end plate (1), an upper insulating plate (2), an upper flow collecting plate (3), at least one group of bipolar plates which sandwich a membrane electrode, a lower flow collecting plate (7), a lower insulating plate (8) and a lower end plate (9) which are sequentially stacked, and sealing rings (6) are arranged between two adjacent plates and between the bipolar plates and the membrane electrode;

two ends of the upper end plate (1) are provided with mutually parallel pore channel groups, and each pore channel group comprises a gas pore channel positioned in the middle and electrolyte circulating water pore channels positioned on two sides of the gas pore channel; two ends of the upper end plate (1), the upper insulating plate (2), the upper current collecting plate (3), the bipolar plate (4) and the membrane electrode (5) are respectively provided with a common channel group which is parallel to each other, and each common channel group comprises a hydrogen common channel (17) positioned in the middle and electrolyte circulating water common channels (16) positioned at two sides of the hydrogen common channel (17); the gas pore channel is arranged corresponding to the hydrogen public channel (17), and the electrolyte circulating water pore channel is arranged corresponding to the electrolyte circulating water public channel (16); the regions of the two side surfaces of the bipolar plate (4) and positioned between the two end common channel groups are respectively provided with an anode flow channel (18) and a cathode flow channel (19); the anode flow channel (18) is communicated with an electrolyte circulating water common channel (16), and the cathode flow channel (19) is communicated with a hydrogen common channel (17).

2. A water electrolyser with novel channel arrangement in accordance with claim 1 characterized by that the liquid flow direction in the anode flow channels (18) and the gas flow direction in the cathode flow channels (19) are perpendicular to the gas or liquid flow direction in the sets of channels and common channels.

3. A water electrolyser with novel channel arrangement according to claim 1 characterized in that the space formed by the combination of anode flow channels (18) and membrane electrodes is the cell anode (21) and the space formed by the combination of cathode flow channels (19) and membrane electrodes is the cell cathode (20).

4. The water electrolyzer with the novel channel arrangement manner as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the number of the electrolyte circulating water channels arranged on both sides of each gas channel on the upper end plate (1) is 1-2.

5. The water electrolyzer with the novel channel arrangement as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the upper end plate (1), the upper insulating plate (2), the upper current collecting plate (3), at least one group of bipolar plates which sandwich the membrane electrode, the lower current collecting plate (7), the lower insulating plate (8) and the lower end plate (9) of the water electrolyzer are stacked in sequence and then fastened through bolts (10) and nuts (11).