WO2024093330A1 - 光交换装置和光交换方法 - Google Patents

光交换装置和光交换方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024093330A1
WO2024093330A1 PCT/CN2023/105223 CN2023105223W WO2024093330A1 WO 2024093330 A1 WO2024093330 A1 WO 2024093330A1 CN 2023105223 W CN2023105223 W CN 2023105223W WO 2024093330 A1 WO2024093330 A1 WO 2024093330A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
beams
sub
input
ports
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Application number
PCT/CN2023/105223
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴云飞
吴亮
邓宁
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2024093330A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024093330A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of optical communications, and in particular to an optical switching device and an optical switching method.
  • the transmission direction (or transmission path) of optical signals can be switched through optical switching nodes.
  • the optical switching node can be a reconfigurable optical add drop multiplexer (ROADM) or an optical switching node inside a data center network.
  • the optical switching node can include one or more optical switching devices.
  • the optical switching device can be a wavelength selective switch (WSS).
  • WSS includes an output port and an input port. In order to reduce the number of optical devices in the WSS, the output port and the input port can be on the same side of the WSS. The input port and the output port on the same side can form an input and output port array.
  • the size of the optical devices in the WSS is large, which leads to a large size of the WSS.
  • the present application provides an optical switching device and an optical switching method, which can reduce the size of the optical switching device by changing the port distribution in the input and output port arrays.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides an optical switching device.
  • the optical switching device includes an input and output port array, a first lens, a dispersion element, a second lens, a first-level switching engine, a reflective lens, and a second-level switching engine.
  • the input and output port array includes M input ports and N output ports. The sum of M and N is greater than 2.
  • N and M are integers greater than 0.
  • the first lens is used to receive M first light beams from M input ports and converge the M first light beams to the dispersion element.
  • the M first light beams correspond to the M input ports one by one.
  • the dispersion element is used to decompose each first light beam into P sub-beams to obtain M ⁇ P sub-beams.
  • P is an integer greater than 0.
  • the dispersion element is used to decompose each first light beam into P sub-beams, which can also be understood as the dispersion element is used to obtain P sub-beams according to each first light beam.
  • the second lens is used to receive M ⁇ P sub-beams from the dispersion element and collimate the M ⁇ P sub-beams to the first-level switching engine.
  • the first-level switching engine is used to apply a switching angle to the M ⁇ P sub-beams to transmit the M ⁇ P sub-beams to the reflective lens.
  • the reflective lens is used to reflect M ⁇ P sub-beams to the second-stage switching engine.
  • the second-stage switching engine is used to change the transmission angles of the M ⁇ P sub-beams and transmit the M ⁇ P sub-beams to the dispersion component.
  • the dispersion component is also used to combine the M ⁇ P sub-beams into N second beams and transmit the N second beams to the N output ports.
  • the N second beams correspond to the N output ports one by one.
  • the port height of the M input ports is d1.
  • the port height of the N output ports is d2.
  • the port height of the input and output port array is d.
  • the sum of d1 and d2 is less than 2d.
  • the size of the optical device is related to d1 and d2.
  • the size of the optical device can be reduced, thereby reducing the size of the optical switching device.
  • the first lens and the second lens are the same lens.
  • the first lens is a reflector.
  • the first-level switching engine and the second-level switching engine are the same switching engine.
  • the optical switching device further includes a third lens and a fourth lens.
  • the third lens is used to receive M first light beams from M input ports and transmit the M first light beams to the fourth lens.
  • the fourth lens is used to transmit the M first light beams to the first lens.
  • the first-stage switching engine is used to transmit M ⁇ P sub-beams to the reflective lens through the fourth lens.
  • the reflective lens is used to reflect the M ⁇ P sub-beams to the second-stage switching engine through the fourth lens.
  • the optical switching device further includes a fifth lens.
  • the first-stage switching engine is used to transmit M ⁇ P sub-beams to the reflective lens through the fifth lens and the fourth lens.
  • the reflective lens is used to reflect the M ⁇ P sub-beams to the second-stage switching engine through the fifth lens and the fourth lens.
  • the optical switching device further includes a separation component.
  • the third lens is used to converge the M first light beams to the first area of the separation component, and transmit the M first light beams to the fourth lens through the first area of the separation component.
  • the first-stage switching engine is used to transmit M ⁇ P sub-beams to the reflective lens through the second area of the separation component and the fourth lens.
  • the reflective lens is used to reflect the M ⁇ P sub-beams to the second-stage switching engine through the second area of the separation component and the fourth lens.
  • the first lens is used to converge M first light beams to a first area of the dispersion component.
  • the dispersion component is used to decompose each first light beam into P sub-beams through the first area of the dispersion component.
  • the first-stage switching engine is used to transmit M ⁇ P sub-beams to the reflective lens through the second area of the dispersion component.
  • the reflective lens is used to reflect the M ⁇ P sub-beams to the second-stage switching engine through the second area of the dispersion component.
  • the M input ports are the M ports closest to the optical axis plane in the input/output port array.
  • the N output ports are the N ports closest to the optical axis plane in the input/output port array.
  • the sum of d1 and d2 is positively correlated with the size of the optical device.
  • the M input ports are the M ports closest to the optical axis plane in the input/output port array
  • the value of d1 is the smallest.
  • the N output ports are the N ports closest to the optical axis plane in the input/output port array
  • the value of d2 is the smallest.
  • N is equal to M
  • the input-output port array is an array consisting of ports with Q rows and W columns.
  • d is Q-1.
  • d1 is equal to d
  • d2 is equal to Q/2-1.
  • d2 is equal to d
  • d1 is equal to Q/2-1.
  • the sum of d1 and d2 is the smallest, that is, the size of the optical device is the smallest. Therefore, the present application can reduce the size of the optical switching device.
  • Q is greater than 2.
  • W is equal to 1.
  • N is equal to Q/2.
  • M is equal to Q/2.
  • M is equal to W.
  • the M input ports are a row of ports in the ports of Q rows and W columns.
  • the M input ports are the M ports closest to the optical axis plane in the input and output port array.
  • the value of d1 is the smallest.
  • d1 is equal to 0. Therefore, the present application can reduce the size of the optical switching device.
  • the second aspect of the present application provides an optical switching method.
  • the optical switching method can be applied to an optical switching device or an optical switching node. Point.
  • the following is a description of the application of the optical switching method to an optical switching device as an example.
  • the optical switching method includes the following steps.
  • the optical switching device receives M first light beams through M input ports in the input and output port array.
  • the M first light beams correspond one-to-one to the M input ports.
  • the optical switching device outputs N second light beams through N output ports in the input and output port array.
  • the N second light beams are obtained based on the M first light beams.
  • the sum of M and N is greater than 2.
  • N and M are integers greater than 0.
  • the port height of the M input ports is d1.
  • the port height of the N output ports is d2.
  • the port height of the input and output port array is d.
  • the sum of d1 and d2 is less than 2d.
  • the M input ports are the M ports in the input/output port array that are closest to the optical axis plane.
  • the N output ports are the N ports in the input/output port array that are closest to the optical axis plane.
  • the third aspect of the present application provides an optical switching node, wherein the optical switching node comprises a plurality of optical switching devices described in the first aspect or any optional manner of the first aspect, wherein the plurality of optical switching devices are connected via optical fibers.
  • a fourth aspect of the present application provides an optical communication system, which includes a plurality of optical switching nodes as described in the third aspect.
  • FIG1 is a first structural schematic diagram of an optical switching device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2a is a schematic diagram of the structure of an input and output port array
  • FIG2b is a first structural diagram of an input/output port array provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2c is a second structural diagram of the input and output port array provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2d is a third structural diagram of the input and output port array provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2e is a fourth structural diagram of the input and output port array provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3a is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the optical switching device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3b is a third structural schematic diagram of the optical switching device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4a is a fourth structural schematic diagram of an optical switching device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4b is a fifth structural schematic diagram of an optical switching device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5a is a sixth structural schematic diagram of an optical switching device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5b is a seventh structural schematic diagram of an optical switching device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6a is an eighth structural schematic diagram of an optical switching device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6b is a ninth structural schematic diagram of an optical switching device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6c is a tenth structural schematic diagram of an optical switching device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a separation assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8a is a schematic diagram of the eleventh structure of an optical switching device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8b is a twelfth structural schematic diagram of the optical switching device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8c is a thirteenth structural schematic diagram of an optical switching device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dispersion component provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10 is a first structural diagram of an optical switching node provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG11 is a second schematic diagram of the structure of an optical switching node provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical communication system provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic flow chart of an optical switching method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the present application provides an optical switching device and an optical switching method, which can reduce the size of the optical switching device by changing the port distribution in the input and output port array.
  • first, second, etc. used in the present application are only used for the purpose of distinguishing the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying order.
  • reference numbers and/or letters are repeated in multiple figures of the present application. Repetition does not indicate that there is a strict limiting relationship between various embodiments and/or configurations.
  • the optical switching device in the present application may also be referred to as a WSS.
  • the WSS includes M input ports and N output ports. The sum of M and N is greater than 2. N and M are integers greater than 0.
  • the WSS includes a reflective lens. The reflective lens is used to reflect the input light beam of the WSS so that the output direction of the output light beam of the WSS is opposite to the input direction of the input light beam of the WSS.
  • the M input ports and the N output ports are located on the same side of the WSS.
  • the M input ports and the N output ports constitute an input and output port array.
  • the port height of the M input ports is d1.
  • the port height of the M input ports refers to twice the distance between the target input port and the optical axis plane.
  • the target input port refers to the port with the largest distance from the optical axis plane among the M input ports.
  • the optical axis plane refers to the YZ plane where the optical axis of the WSS is located.
  • the port height of the N output ports is d2.
  • the port height of the N output ports refers to twice the distance between the target output port and the optical axis plane.
  • the target output port refers to the port with the largest distance from the optical axis plane among the N output ports.
  • the port height of the input and output port array is d.
  • the port height of the input/output port array refers to twice the distance between the target port and the optical axis plane.
  • the target port refers to the port with the largest distance from the optical axis plane in the input/output port array.
  • the sum of d1 and d2 is less than 2d. This is described below with an example.
  • FIG1 is a first structural schematic diagram of an optical switching device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • WSS100 includes 4 input ports and 4 output ports.
  • the 4 input ports are used to receive 4 first light beams.
  • WSS100 obtains 4 second light beams based on the 4 first light beams.
  • the 4 output ports are used to output 4 second light beams.
  • the Y-axis direction is defined to include the positive direction of the Y-axis and the reverse direction of the Y-axis.
  • the input direction of the 4 first light beams is the positive direction of the Y-axis
  • the output direction of the 4 second light beams is the reverse direction of the Y-axis.
  • plane XZ the 4 input ports and the 4 output ports constitute an input and output port array. Plane XZ is perpendicular to the Y-axis. The input and output port arrays with different arrangements are described separately below.
  • FIG2a is a schematic diagram of the structure of the input and output port array.
  • the input and output port array is an array of 4 rows and 2 columns, and the optical axis plane 201 is located between the second row of ports and the third row of ports.
  • the first column of ports includes 4 input ports.
  • the second column of ports includes 4 output ports.
  • the distance between adjacent ports in the same column of ports is defined to be the same and H.
  • the port height d of the input and output port array is 3H.
  • the port height d1 of the 4 input ports is also 3H.
  • the port height d2 of the 4 output ports is also 3H.
  • the sum of d1 and d2 is equal to 2d.
  • FIG2b is a first structural schematic diagram of the input/output port array provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the input/output port array is an array of 4 rows and 2 columns.
  • the first row and the fourth row include a total of 4 output ports.
  • the second row and the third row include a total of 4 input ports.
  • the port height d of the input/output port array is 3H.
  • the port height d1 of the 4 input ports is H.
  • the port height d2 of the 4 output ports is 3H.
  • the sum of d1 and d2 is less than 2d.
  • M and N are equal to 4. In practical applications, M or N may also be other values. This is described below with examples.
  • FIG2c is a second structural diagram of the input/output port array provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the input/output port array is an array of 4 rows and 1 column.
  • the first row and the fourth row include 2 output ports in total.
  • the second row The third row includes 2 input ports in total.
  • the port height d of the input and output port array is 3H.
  • the port height d1 of the 2 input ports is H.
  • the port height d2 of the 2 output ports is 3H.
  • the sum of d1 and d2 is less than 2d.
  • FIG2d is a third structural schematic diagram of the input-output port array provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the input-output port array is an array of 5 rows and 2 columns. Among them, the first row, the second row, the fourth row and the fifth row include a total of 8 output ports.
  • the third row includes 2 input ports.
  • the optical axis plane 201 is located in the third row.
  • the port height d of the input-output port array is 4H.
  • the port height d1 of the 2 input ports is 0.
  • the port height d2 of the 8 output ports is 4H.
  • the sum of d1 and d2 is less than 2d.
  • the arrangement of the input and output port array is a rectangle.
  • the M input ports and the N output ports can be randomly arranged in the plane XZ, or arranged as a circle, an ellipse, a polygon, etc.
  • the following is an example description using the input and output port array as an octagon.
  • FIG2e is a fourth structural schematic diagram of the input-output port array provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the input-output port array includes 6 input ports and 6 output ports.
  • the shape of the input-output port array is an octagon.
  • the port height d of the input-output port array is 3H.
  • the port height d1 of the 6 input ports is 3H.
  • the port height d2 of the 6 output ports is H.
  • the sum of d1 and d2 is less than 2d.
  • the size of an optical device is related to d1 and d2.
  • the M input ports may be the M ports closest to the optical axis plane in the input and output port array.
  • the distance between the first output port and the optical axis plane is greater than or equal to the distance between the target input port and the optical axis plane.
  • the target input port refers to the port with the largest distance from the optical axis plane among the M input ports.
  • the first output port refers to the port with the smallest distance from the optical axis plane among the N output ports.
  • the N output ports may be the N ports closest to the optical axis plane in the input and output port array.
  • the distance between the first input port and the optical axis plane is greater than or equal to the distance between the target output port and the optical axis plane.
  • the target output port refers to the port with the largest distance from the optical axis plane among the N output ports.
  • the first input port refers to the port with the smallest distance from the optical axis plane among the M input ports.
  • N may be equal to M.
  • the input/output port array may be an array of ports having Q rows and W columns. When the input/output port array is distributed along a 1-dimensional direction, W is equal to 1.
  • N is equal to M, N is equal to Q/2 and M is equal to Q/2.
  • the port height d of the input/output port array is Q-1.
  • the port height d1 of the M input ports is equal to d.
  • the port height d2 of the N output ports is equal to Q/2-1.
  • Q-1 is twice the distance between the target port and the optical axis plane.
  • the unit of d2, d1 and d is H length. For example, if H is 2 mm and Q is 8, then d is equal to 14 mm.
  • the target port refers to the port with the largest distance from the optical axis plane in the input/output port array.
  • the port height d2 of the N output ports is equal to d.
  • the port height d1 of the M input ports is equal to Q/2-1.
  • M when the input and output port array is an array of ports with Q rows and W columns, M can be equal to W, and the M input ports can be a row of ports in the ports with Q rows and W columns.
  • N is equal to 8
  • M is equal to 2
  • Q is equal to 5.
  • M is equal to W.
  • the value of d1 can be 0. Because the embodiment of the present application can further reduce the size of the optical switching device.
  • Figure 3a is a second structural schematic diagram of the optical switching device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3b is a third structural schematic diagram of the optical switching device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical switching device includes an input and output port array, a first lens 301, a dispersion element 302, a second lens 303, a first-level switching engine 304, a reflective lens 305, and a second-level switching engine 306.
  • the different components in the optical switching device are described separately below.
  • the input-output port array includes M input ports and N output ports (in FIG. 3a, only one input port and one output port are illustrated). The sum of M and N is greater than 2. N and M are integers greater than 0.
  • the input port may be a port of an input optical fiber connected to an optical switching device, through which the input optical fiber transmits the first light beam to the optical switching device to exchange the transmission direction. It should be understood that the input port may also be a port of a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) or a light waveguide of a PLC.
  • the output port may be a port of an output optical fiber connected to an optical switching device, through which the output optical fiber receives the second light beam from the optical switching device.
  • the output port may also be a port of a PLC or a light waveguide of a PLC.
  • the M input ports are used to receive the M first light beams.
  • the M first light beams correspond one-to-one to the M input ports.
  • the transmission direction of the M first light beams is the Y-axis direction.
  • the Y-axis direction is also referred to as the transmission direction of the light beam.
  • the first light beam may be a light beam containing a single wavelength (i.e., monochromatic light) or a light beam containing multiple wavelengths (i.e., colored light or polychromatic light).
  • the first light beam obtained by the input port is a light beam including multiple wavelengths.
  • the first light beam includes ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4.
  • the first lens 301 may be a lens or a reflector.
  • the first lens 301 is used to receive M first light beams from M input ports and converge the M first light beams to the dispersion member 302. It should be understood that, for the convenience of description, only one first light beam is illustrated in FIG. 3a. It should be understood that the first lens 301 may be a lens group composed of an odd number or an even number of lenses. In this case, the lens group is used to converge the M first light beams to the dispersion member 302.
  • the dispersion component 302 is located at the rear focus of the first lens 301.
  • the dispersion component 302 can be a grating 302.
  • the dispersion component 302 is used to decompose each of the M first light beams to obtain M ⁇ P sub-beams.
  • P is the number of wavelengths included in each first light beam.
  • P is an integer greater than 0.
  • FIG3a only describes one first light beam as an example.
  • the dispersion component 302 is used to decompose one first light beam to obtain P sub-beams.
  • the dispersion component 302 enables the P sub-beams to be emitted from the P sub-beams at different emission angles for transmission.
  • the P sub-beams output by the dispersion component 302 are transmitted to the second lens 303.
  • the X-axis direction is a direction parallel to the lines of the grating 302, and the Z-axis direction is a direction perpendicular to the lines of the grating 302.
  • the dispersion element 302 is used to decompose the first light beam to form P sub-beams.
  • the P sub-beams are respectively emitted from the dispersion element 302 at different emission angles for transmission.
  • the Z-axis direction is the direction in which the emitted P sub-beams are dispersed, that is, the dispersion element 302 enables the P sub-beams to obtain angular dispersion.
  • the Z-axis direction is perpendicular to the X-axis direction. Therefore, in the XY plane, the P sub-beams overlap each other, and only one solid line with an arrow represents the P sub-beams.
  • the second lens 303 is used to receive M ⁇ P sub-beams from the dispersion element 302.
  • the dispersion element 302 is located at the back focus of the second lens 303.
  • the second lens 303 can be a lens or a reflector.
  • the second lens 303 is used to change the transmission direction of the M ⁇ P sub-beams so that the M ⁇ P sub-beams are collimated and incident on the M ⁇ P areas of the first-stage switching engine 304.
  • the M ⁇ P sub-beams correspond to the M ⁇ P areas one by one.
  • the first-level switching engine 304 can be a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) chip, a liquid crystal (LC) array chip or a micro electro mechanical system (MEMS).
  • the first-level switching engine 304 includes M ⁇ P regions. Each region is used to change the transmission direction of the incident sub-beam along the Z-axis direction and/or the X-axis direction, that is, each region in the M ⁇ P regions is used to apply a different switching angle to the corresponding sub-beam.
  • the switching angle of the sub-beam corresponds to the N output ports one by one. Therefore, the sub-beams transmitted to different output ports correspond to different switching angles.
  • a first beam includes 4 sub-beams.
  • the 4 sub-beams include ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4.
  • ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 need to be transmitted to the same output port, the switching angles of ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are the same.
  • ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 need to be transmitted to different output ports, the switching angles of ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are different.
  • multiple sub-beams with the same switching angle can form a second beam.
  • the dispersion element 302 is used to combine multiple sub-beams with the same switching angle to obtain a second beam. Therefore, multiple sub-beams with the same switching angle can be called a second beam.
  • the first-level switching engine 304 can obtain N second beams based on M ⁇ P sub-beams. When N is equal to M, each second beam can also include P sub-beams. The N second beams correspond to the N output ports one by one. The first-level switching engine 304 applies a different switching angle to each of the N second beams. Therefore, the transmission direction of each of the N second beams is different. For the convenience of description, in the example of Figure 3a, only the transmission direction of one second beam or one sub-beam is illustrated.
  • the second lens 303 is used to collimate the M ⁇ P sub-beams and incident on the first-level switching engine 304. Collimated incidence does not mean that the M ⁇ P sub-beams must be perpendicular to the receiving plane of the first-level switching engine 304. In the embodiment of the present application, in order to separate the M first beams and the M ⁇ P sub-beams, each of the M ⁇ P sub-beams may not be perpendicular to the receiving plane of the first-level switching engine 304.
  • the receiving plane of the first-level switching engine 304 has an angle around the X-axis (that is, along the X-axis direction as the axis, the receiving plane of the first-level switching engine 304 has a certain angle, which is not shown in the figure).
  • each of the M ⁇ P sub-beams can also be perpendicular to the receiving plane of the first-level switching engine 304.
  • the first-level switching engine 304 applies a fixed or variable deflection angle around the X-axis to the M ⁇ P sub-beams, so that the M first beams and the M ⁇ P sub-beams are separated.
  • the M ⁇ P sub-beams and the M first beams can be separated.
  • the M ⁇ P sub-beams transmitted by the first-stage switching engine 304 pass through the second lens 303, the dispersion element 302, and the first lens 301 and are then transmitted to the reflective lens 305.
  • the M ⁇ P sub-beams transmitted by the first-stage switching engine 304 pass through the input port.
  • the M ⁇ P sub-beams transmitted by the first-stage switching engine 304 do not pass through the input port.
  • the reflector 305 may be a reflector, or a combination of a reflector and a lens.
  • the reflector 305 is used to receive M ⁇ P sub-beams (or N second beams).
  • the incident angles or incident positions of the M ⁇ P sub-beams incident on the reflector 305 are different.
  • the function of the reflector 305 is to transform the angle difference of the incident beam into a position difference, or transform the position difference into an angle difference, and reflect the sub-beams to the second-level switching engine 306 through the first lens 301. Specifically, when the incident angles of the M ⁇ P sub-beams are different, the reflector 305 transforms the different incident angle differences into different position differences.
  • the reflected M ⁇ P sub-beams are incident on different positions of the first lens 301.
  • the reflector 305 transforms the different incident position differences into different angle differences.
  • the reflected M ⁇ P sub-beams are incident on the first lens 301 at different angles.
  • the reflector 305 is used to reflect M ⁇ P sub-beams. It should be understood that for the convenience of description, only one sub-beam is illustrated in FIG3b.
  • the M ⁇ P sub-beams pass through the first lens 301, the dispersion element 302 and the second lens 303 and then reach the second-stage switching engine 306. It should be understood that in the illustration of the XY plane, the M ⁇ P sub-beams reflected by the reflector 305 pass through the output port. In the YZ plane, the M ⁇ P sub-beams reflected by the reflector 305 do not pass through the output port.
  • the second-level switching engine 306 and the first-level switching engine 304 may be different regions in the same switching engine.
  • the target switching engine includes a first region and a second region.
  • the first region is also referred to as the first-level switching engine 304.
  • the second region is also referred to as the second-level switching engine 306.
  • the second-level switching engine 306 is used to change the transmission direction of the M ⁇ P sub-beams so that the transmission direction of the M ⁇ P sub-beams is parallel to the optical axis of the optical switching device.
  • the optical axis of the optical switching device can be the optical axis of any lens in the optical switching device, such as the optical axis of the first lens 301 or the second lens 303.
  • the optical axis of the optical switching device is located on the optical axis plane 201.
  • the optical axis plane 201 is parallel to the YZ plane.
  • the YZ plane refers to a plane perpendicular to the X-axis.
  • the M ⁇ P sub-beams output from the second-stage switching engine 306 pass through the second lens 303 and then reach the dispersion element 302.
  • the dispersion element 302 is used to combine the sub-beams with the same switching angle in the M ⁇ P sub-beams to obtain N second beams.
  • the dispersion element 302 is used to transmit the N second beams to the N output ports through the first lens 301.
  • the N output ports correspond to the N second beams one by one. It should be understood that in Figures 3a and 3b, only one output port is used as an example for description.
  • the optical exchange device may further include a third lens and a fourth lens.
  • FIG. 4a is a fourth structural schematic diagram of the optical exchange device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4b is a fifth structural schematic diagram of the optical exchange device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical exchange device further includes a third lens 401 and a fourth lens 402. The different components in the optical exchange device are described separately below.
  • the third lens 401 and the fourth lens 402 may be lenses or reflectors.
  • the third lens 401 is used to receive M first light beams from M input ports and transmit M first light beams to the fourth lens 402. It should be understood that in FIG. 4a, only one first light beam is illustrated. In the illustration of the XY plane, the M first light beams pass through the reflective lens 305. In the YZ plane, the M first light beams do not pass through the reflective lens 305.
  • the rear focus of the third lens 401 coincides with the front focus of the fourth lens 402.
  • the fourth lens 402 is used to transmit M first light beams to the first lens 301. The rear focus of the fourth lens 402 coincides with the front focus of the first lens 301.
  • the dispersion element 302 is used to obtain M ⁇ P sub-beams according to the M first light beams and transmit the M ⁇ P sub-beams to the first-stage switching engine 304.
  • the first-stage switching engine 304 is used to change the transmission direction of the M ⁇ P sub-beams.
  • the M ⁇ P sub-beams reflected by the first-stage switching engine 304 pass through the second lens 303, the dispersion element 302, the first lens 301 and the fourth lens 402 and then reach the reflective lens 305.
  • the reflective lens 305 is used to transform the angle difference of the incident light beam into a position difference, or the position difference into an angle difference, and reflect N second light beams to the second-stage switching engine 306.
  • the reflective lens 305 and the second-stage switching engine 306 reference can be made to the description of FIG. 3b above.
  • the M ⁇ P sub-beams reflected by the reflective lens 305 pass through the fourth lens 402, the first lens 301, the dispersion element 302 and the second lens 303 to reach the second-stage switching engine 306.
  • the M ⁇ P sub-beams (or N second light beams) output by the second-stage switching engine 306 pass through the second lens 303, the dispersion element 302, the first lens 301, the fourth lens 402 and the third lens 401 to reach the N output ports.
  • the N output ports correspond to the N second light beams one by one. It should be understood that in FIG. 4a and FIG. 4b, only one output port is used as an example for description.
  • the optical axis of the optical switching device may be the optical axis of the first lens 301 or the second lens 303.
  • the optical axis of the optical switching device may also be the optical axis of the third lens 401 or the fourth lens 402.
  • the optical switching device further includes a fifth lens.
  • the fifth lens is used to change the transmission direction of the M ⁇ P sub-beams.
  • FIG5a is a diagram of an optical switching device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5b is a sixth structural schematic diagram of the optical switching device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical switching device further includes a fifth lens 501.
  • the fifth lens 501 is used to change the transmission direction of the M ⁇ P sub-beams reflected by the first-stage switching engine 304.
  • the M ⁇ P sub-beams reflected by the first-stage switching engine 304 pass through the second lens 303, the dispersion element 302, the first lens 301, the fourth lens 402 and the fifth lens 501 and then reach the reflective lens 305.
  • the M ⁇ P sub-beams reflected by the reflective lens 305 pass through the fifth lens 501, the fourth lens 402, the first lens 301, the dispersion element 302 and the second lens 303 and then reach the second-stage switching engine 306. It should be understood that the description of each optical device in FIGS. 5a and 5b can refer to the description of the aforementioned FIGS. 4a and 4b. In FIGS.
  • the fifth lens 501 overlaps with the path of the input light beam.
  • the fifth lens 501 does not overlap with the path of the input light beam. Therefore, the M first light beams do not pass through the fifth lens 501.
  • the optical switching device realizes the separation of the first light beam and the M ⁇ P sub-beams by the angle of the receiving plane of the first-stage switching engine 304 around the X-axis or the deflection angle around the X-axis applied by the first-stage switching engine 304. In practical applications, the optical switching device can also realize the separation of the first light beam and the M ⁇ P sub-beams by a separation component.
  • Figure 6a is the eighth structural schematic diagram of the optical switching device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6b is the ninth structural schematic diagram of the optical switching device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6c is the tenth structural schematic diagram of the optical switching device provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figures 6a, 6b and 6c, based on Figures 4a and 4b, the optical switching device also includes a separation component 601.
  • the separation component 601 is located between the third lens 401 and the fourth lens 402.
  • the separation component 601 can be located at the back focus of the third lens 401.
  • the separation component 601 includes a first area and a second area.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the separation component provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 7, the separation component 601 includes a first area shown in gray and a second area shown in white. The first area is located near the optical axis plane 201. In one example, the first area and the second area are planes, and the normal of the plane is the Y axis. The first area and the second area have an angular difference in the dispersion plane (YZ plane), so as to separate the first light beam and the second light beam in the dispersion plane.
  • the function of the separation component 601 is described below.
  • M first light beams sequentially pass through the third lens 401, the separation component 601, the fourth lens 402, the first lens 301, the dispersion component 302, the second lens 303 and the first-stage switching engine 304.
  • N second light beams reflected by the first-stage switching engine 304 sequentially pass through the second lens 303, the dispersion component 302, the first lens 301, and the fourth lens 402 before reaching the separation component 601.
  • the first area of the separation component 601 is used to receive the M first light beams from the third lens 401 and reflect or transmit the M first light beams to the fourth lens 402.
  • the second area of the separation component 601 is used to receive M ⁇ P sub-beams from the fourth lens 402 and reflect or transmit the M ⁇ P sub-beams to the reflective lens 305.
  • the M ⁇ P sub-beams reflected by the reflective lens 305 sequentially pass through the separation component 601, the fourth lens 402, the first lens 301, the dispersion element 302, the second lens 303, and the second-stage switching engine 306.
  • the second area of the separation component 601 is used to receive the M ⁇ P sub-beams from the reflective lens 305 and reflect or transmit the M ⁇ P sub-beams to the fourth lens 402.
  • the M ⁇ P sub-beams output by the second-stage switching engine 306 pass through the second lens 303, the dispersion element 302, the first lens 301, the fourth lens 402, the separation component 601 and the third lens 401 and arrive at the N output ports.
  • the first area of the separation component 601 is used to receive the N second light beams from the fourth lens 402 and reflect or transmit the N second light beams to the third lens 401.
  • FIG8a is a schematic diagram of the eleventh structure of the optical switching device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8b is a schematic diagram of the twelfth structure of the optical switching device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8c is a schematic diagram of the optical switching device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the dispersion element provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the dispersion element 302 includes a first area indicated in gray and a second area indicated in white.
  • the first area is located near the optical axis plane 201.
  • the diffraction power of the first area and the second area is different, thereby separating the first light beam and the second light beam in the dispersion plane.
  • the function of the dispersion element 302 is described below.
  • M first light beams sequentially pass through the first lens 301, the dispersion element 302, the second lens 303, and the first-stage switching engine 304.
  • the M ⁇ P sub-beams reflected by the first-stage switching engine 304 sequentially pass through the second lens 303 and the dispersion element 302.
  • the first area of the dispersion element 302 is used to receive the M first light beams from the first lens 301, obtain M ⁇ P sub-beams according to the M first light beams, and transmit the M ⁇ P sub-beams to the second lens 303.
  • the second area of the dispersion element 302 is used to receive the M ⁇ P sub-beams from the second lens 303 and transmit the M ⁇ P sub-beams to the reflective lens 305.
  • the M ⁇ P sub-beams reflected by the reflective lens 305 sequentially pass through the dispersion element 302 , the second lens 303 , and the second-stage switching engine 306 .
  • the second region of the dispersion element 302 is used to receive the M ⁇ P sub-beams from the reflective lens 305 and transmit the M ⁇ P sub-beams to the second lens 303 .
  • the M ⁇ P sub-beams output by the second-stage switching engine 306 reach N output ports after passing through the second lens 303, the dispersion element 302 and the first lens 301.
  • the first area of the dispersion element 302 is used to receive the M ⁇ P sub-beams from the second lens 303, obtain N second beams according to the M ⁇ P sub-beams, and transmit the N second beams to the first lens 301.
  • the optical switching device provided in the present application is described above.
  • the optical switching node provided in an embodiment of the present application is described below.
  • the optical switching node may be an optical switching node within a ROADM or a data center network.
  • the optical switching node may also be referred to as a wavelength cross connect (WXC), an optical cross connect (OXC), an optical switching node or a wavelength switching node, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not impose specific restrictions on this.
  • the optical switching node includes a plurality of optical switching devices.
  • the plurality of optical switching devices are indirectly or directly connected to each other through optical fibers. Two examples of optical switching nodes provided in an embodiment of the present application are described below.
  • FIG10 is a first structural diagram of an optical switching node provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical switching node 1000 includes three wave splitters (i.e., wave splitter 1004, wave splitter 1005, and wave splitter 1006), three WSSs (i.e., WSS 1001, WSS 1002, and WSS 1003), and three combiners (i.e., combiner 1007, combiner 1008, and combiner 1009).
  • Each of the three wave splitters is used to receive an input light beam and divide the input light beam into three sub-beams of different wavelengths.
  • Each of the three WSSs is used to receive three sub-beams from the three wave splitters.
  • the three wave splitters correspond to the three sub-beams one-to-one.
  • the three sub-beams correspond to the three first light beams received by the aforementioned optical switching device.
  • Each WSS is used to obtain three second beams according to the three sub-beams, and transmit one second beam to each of the three combiners.
  • Each of the three combiners is used to receive three second beams from the three WSSs, combine the three second beams, and obtain an output beam.
  • the three WSSs correspond to the three second beams one by one.
  • FIG11 is a second structural diagram of the optical switching node provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical switching node 1100 includes four WSSs on the input side (i.e., WSS110, WSS111, WSS112, and WSS113), and also includes four WSSs on the output side (i.e., WSS210, WSS211, WSS212, and WSS213).
  • Each WSS on the input side is a 1*4 (i.e., one input port, four output ports) WSS
  • each WSS on the output side is a 4*1 (i.e., four input ports, one output port) WSS.
  • the output port of each WSS on the input side is connected to the input port of each WSS on the output side.
  • the eight WSSs shown in this embodiment are located at different positions, and this embodiment specifies the WSSs included in the optical switching node.
  • the number and location of each WSS are not limited. WSSs located at different locations are used to exchange the transmission direction of optical signals to achieve flexible scheduling of optical signals.
  • WSS110 can transmit optical signals to any WSS included in the output side that is connected to WSS110 through optical fiber to achieve the exchange of optical signals in different directions.
  • WSS210, WSS211, WSS212 and WSS213 are connected to WSS110 through optical fiber, and WSS110 can transmit optical signals to any WSS among WSS210, WSS211, WSS212 and WSS213.
  • Figures 10 and 11 are only examples provided by the embodiments of the present application. In practical applications, those skilled in the art can adaptively modify the structure of the optical switching node according to requirements.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical communication system provided by the present application.
  • the optical communication system 1600 includes multiple optical switching nodes.
  • the optical switching node please refer to the description of FIG. 10 or FIG. 11.
  • the optical communication system 1600 shown in this embodiment includes an optical switching node 1601, an optical switching node 1602, an optical switching node 1603, an optical switching node 1604, and an optical switching node 1605.
  • the optical communication system 1600 also includes an optical fiber connected between two optical switching nodes.
  • the optical communication system 1600 also includes an optical fiber 1606 connected between the optical switching node 1601 and the optical switching node 1605.
  • the connection relationship between the multiple optical switching nodes included in the optical communication system 1600 is not limited in this embodiment.
  • any optical switching node in the optical communication system 1600 may be an optical switching device, such as the optical switching device shown in FIG1 . Therefore, for the description of the optical switching node 1601, the optical switching node 1602, the optical switching node 1603, the optical switching node 1604, or the optical switching node 1605, reference may be made to the description of the optical switching device in FIG1 to FIG9 .
  • FIG13 is a flow chart of the optical switching method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical switching method can be applied to an optical switching device or an optical switching node. The following description is made by taking the application of the optical switching method to an optical switching device as an example. As shown in FIG13, the optical switching method includes the following steps.
  • an optical switching device receives M first light beams through M input ports in an input/output port array.
  • the M first light beams correspond to the M input ports one by one.
  • Each first light beam includes one or more wavelengths.
  • the optical switching device outputs N second light beams through N output ports in the input/output port array.
  • the N second light beams are obtained based on the M first light beams.
  • the sum of M and N is greater than 2.
  • N and M are integers greater than 0.
  • the N output ports correspond to the N second light beams one by one.
  • the port height of the M input ports is d1.
  • the port height of the N output ports is d2.
  • the port height of the input/output port array is d.
  • the sum of d1 and d2 is less than 2d.
  • the description of the optical switching method can refer to the description of the aforementioned optical switching device.
  • the M input ports are the M ports closest to the optical axis plane in the input and output port array.
  • the N output ports are the N ports closest to the optical axis plane in the input and output port array.
  • N is equal to M
  • the input and output port array is an array consisting of ports with Q rows and W columns.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种光交换装置，应用于光通信领域。光交换装置的输入输出端口阵列包括M个输入端口、色散件、第一级切换引擎、第二级切换引擎和N个输出端口。M个输入端口用于接收M个第一光束。色散件用于将每个第一光束分解为P个子光束，得到M×P个子光束。第一级切换引擎和第二级切换引擎用于为M×P个子光束施加切换角度。色散件还用于将M×P个子光束合束为N个第二光束，向N个输出端口传输N个第二光束。其中，M个输入端口的端口高度为d1。N个输出端口的端口高度为d2。输入输出端口阵列的端口高度为d。d1与d2的和小于2d。通过改变输入输出端口阵列中的端口分布，本申请揭示的光交换装置的尺寸较小。

Description

光交换装置和光交换方法
本申请要求于2022年11月03日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202211372329.1、申请名称为“光交换装置和光交换方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及光通信领域，尤其涉及光交换装置和光交换方法。
背景技术
在光通信领域中，可以通过光交换节点进行光信号传输方向(或者说传输路径)的交换。光交换节点可以为可重构光分插复用器(reconfigurable optical add drop multiplexer，ROADM)或数据中心网络内部的光交换节点。光交换节点可以包括一个或多个光交换装置。光交换装置可以为波长选择开关(wavelength selective switch，WSS)。WSS包括输出端口和输入端口。为了减少WSS中光器件的数量，可以使得输出端口和输入端口在WSS的同一侧。同一侧的输入端口和输出端口可以组成输入输出端口阵列。
在实际应用中，WSS中光器件的尺寸较大，从而导致WSS的尺寸较大。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种光交换装置和光交换方法，通过改变输入输出端口阵列中的端口分布，可以减小光交换装置的尺寸。
本申请第一方面提供了一种光交换装置。光交换装置包括输入输出端口阵列、第一镜片、色散件、第二镜片、第一级切换引擎、反射镜片和第二级切换引擎。输入输出端口阵列包括M个输入端口和N个输出端口。M与N的和大于2。N和M为大于0的整数。第一镜片用于从M个输入端口接收M个第一光束，将M个第一光束汇聚至色散件。M个第一光束和M个输入端口一一对应。色散件用于将每个第一光束分解为P个子光束，得到M×P个子光束。P为大于0的整数。色散件用于将每个第一光束分解为P个子光束也可以理解为色散件用于根据每个第一光束得到P个子光束。第二镜片用于从色散件接收M×P个子光束，将M×P个子光束准直入射至第一级切换引擎。第一级切换引擎用于为M×P个子光束施加切换角度，以向反射镜片传输M×P个子光束。反射镜片用于向第二级切换引擎反射M×P个子光束。第二级切换引擎用于改变M×P个子光束的传输角度，向色散件传输M×P个子光束。色散件还用于将M×P个子光束合束为N个第二光束，向N个输出端口传输N个第二光束。N个第二光束和N个输出端口一一对应。其中，M个输入端口的端口高度为d1。N个输出端口的端口高度为d2。输入输出端口阵列的端口高度为d。d1与d2的和小于2d。
在光交换装置中，光器件的尺寸与d1、d2相关。通过改变输入输出端口阵列中的端口分 布，可以改变d1和/或d2的值，从而减小光器件的尺寸，进而减小光交换装置的尺寸。
在第一方面的一种可选方式中，第一镜片和第二镜片为同一镜片。第一镜片为反射镜。第一级切换引擎和第二级切换引擎为同一切换引擎。通过共用同一个器件，可以减少光交换装置中光器件的数量，从而减小光器件的尺寸。
在第一方面的一种可选方式中，光交换装置还包括第三镜片和第四镜片。第三镜片用于从M个输入端口接收M个第一光束，向第四镜片传输M个第一光束。第四镜片用于向第一镜片传输M个第一光束。第一级切换引擎用于通过第四镜片向反射镜片传输M×P个子光束。反射镜片用于通过第四镜片向第二级切换引擎反射M×P个子光束。
在第一方面的一种可选方式中，光交换装置还包括第五镜片。第一级切换引擎用于通过第五镜片和第四镜片向反射镜片传输M×P个子光束。反射镜片用于通过第五镜片和第四镜片向第二级切换引擎反射M×P个子光束。通过引入第五镜片，可以灵活设置反射镜片的位置，从而降低光交换装置的加工成本。
在第一方面的一种可选方式中，光交换装置还包括分离组件。第三镜片用于将M个第一光束汇聚至分离组件的第一区域，通过分离组件的第一区域向第四镜片传输M个第一光束。第一级切换引擎用于通过分离组件的第二区域和第四镜片向反射镜片传输M×P个子光束。反射镜片用于通过分离组件的第二区域和第四镜片向第二级切换引擎反射M×P个子光束。通过引入分离组件，可以在离色散件较远的位置设置反射镜片，便于光路布局。
在第一方面的一种可选方式中，第一镜片用于将M个第一光束汇聚至色散件的第一区域。色散件用于通过色散件的第一区域将每个第一光束分解为P个子光束。第一级切换引擎用于通过色散件的第二区域向反射镜片传输M×P个子光束。反射镜片用于通过色散件的第二区域向第二级切换引擎反射M×P个子光束。通过将色散组件设计成分离组件，可以减小光交换装置中光器件的数量，从而降低光交换装置的成本。
在第一方面的一种可选方式中，M个输入端口为输入输出端口阵列中最接近光轴平面的M个端口。或，N个输出端口为输入输出端口阵列中最接近光轴平面的N个端口。其中，d1与d2的和与光器件的尺寸正相关。当M个输入端口为输入输出端口阵列中最接近光轴平面的M个端口时，d1的值最小。当N个输出端口为输入输出端口阵列中最接近光轴平面的N个端口时，d2的值最小。通过尽量降低d1或d2的值，可以进一步减小光交换装置的尺寸。
在第一方面的一种可选方式中，N等于M，输入输出端口阵列为Q行W列的端口组成的阵列。
在第一方面的一种可选方式中，d为Q－1。d1等于d，d2等于Q/2－1。或，d2等于d，d1等于Q/2－1。此时，d1与d2的和最小，即光器件的尺寸最小。因此，本申请可以减小光交换装置的尺寸。
在第一方面的一种可选方式中，Q大于2。
在第一方面的一种可选方式中，W等于1。N等于Q/2。M等于Q/2。
在第一方面的一种可选方式中，M等于W。M个输入端口为Q行W列的端口中的一行端口。M个输入端口为输入输出端口阵列中最接近光轴平面的M个端口。此时，d1的值最小。当M个输入端口与光轴平面的距离为0时，d1等于0。因此，本申请可以减小光交换装置的尺寸。
本申请第二方面提供了一种光交换方法。光交换方法可以应用于光交换装置或光交换节 点。下面以光交换方法应用于光交换装置为例进行描述。光交换方法包括以下步骤。光交换装置通过输入输出端口阵列中的M个输入端口接收M个第一光束。M个第一光束和M个输入端口一一对应。光交换装置通过输入输出端口阵列中的N个输出端口输出N个第二光束。N个第二光束是根据所述M个第一光束得到的。M与N的和大于2。N和M为大于0的整数。其中，M个输入端口的端口高度为d1。N个输出端口的端口高度为d2。输入输出端口阵列的端口高度为d。d1与d2的和小于2d。
在第一方面的一种可选方式中，M个输入端口为输入输出端口阵列中最接近光轴平面的M个端口。或，N个输出端口为输入输出端口阵列中最接近光轴平面的N个端口。
本申请第三方面提供了一种光交换节点。光交换节点包括多个前述第一方面或第一方面中任意一种可选方式中所述的光交换装置。多个光交换装置通过光纤相连。
本申请第四方面提供了一种光通信系统。光通信系统包括多个如第三方面所述的光交换节点。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第一个结构示意图；
图2a为输入输出端口阵列的结构示意图；
图2b为本申请实施例提供的输入输出端口阵列的第一个结构示意图；
图2c为本申请实施例提供的输入输出端口阵列的第二个结构示意图；
图2d为本申请实施例提供的输入输出端口阵列的第三个结构示意图；
图2e为本申请实施例提供的输入输出端口阵列的第四个结构示意图；
图3a为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第二个结构示意图；
图3b为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第三个结构示意图；
图4a为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第四个结构示意图；
图4b为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第五个结构示意图；
图5a为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第六个结构示意图；
图5b为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第七个结构示意图；
图6a为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第八个结构示意图；
图6b为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第九个结构示意图；
图6c为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第十个结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的分离组件的结构示意图；
图8a为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第十一个结构示意图；
图8b为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第十二个结构示意图；
图8c为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第十三个结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的色散件的结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的光交换节点的第一个结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的光交换节点的第二个结构示意图；
图12为本申请所提供的光通信系统的结构示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的光交换方法的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请提供了一种光交换装置和光交换方法，通过改变输入输出端口阵列中的端口分布，可以减小光交换装置的尺寸。应理解，本申请中使用的“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。另外，为了简明和清楚，本申请多个附图中重复参考编号和/或字母。重复并不表明各种实施例和/或配置之间存在严格的限定关系。
本申请中的光交换装置也可以称为WSS。WSS包括M个输入端口和N个输出端口。M与N的和大于2。N和M为大于0的整数。WSS中包括反射镜片。反射镜片用于反射WSS的输入光束，使得WSS的输出光束的输出方向和WSS的输入光束的输入方向相反。此时，M个输入端口和N个输出端口位于WSS的同一侧。M个输入端口和N个输出端口组成输入输出端口阵列。M个输入端口的端口高度为d1。M个输入端口的端口高度是指目标输入端口与光轴平面的2倍距离。目标输入端口是指M个输入端口中与光轴平面距离最大的端口。光轴平面是指WSS的光轴所在的YZ平面。关于WSS的光轴的描述，请参阅后续的相关描述。N个输出端口的端口高度为d2。N个输出端口的端口高度是指目标输出端口与光轴平面的2倍距离。目标输出端口是指N个输出端口中与光轴平面的距离最大的端口。输入输出端口阵列的端口高度为d。输入输出端口阵列的端口高度是指目标端口与光轴平面的2倍距离。目标端口是指输入输出端口阵列中与光轴平面的距离最大的端口。d1与d2的和小于2d。下面对此进行举例描述。
图1为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第一个结构示意图。如图1所示，WSS100包括4个输入端口以及4个输出端口。4个输入端口用于接收4束第一光束。WSS100根据4束第一光束得到4束第二光束。4个输出端口用于输出4束第二光束。为了方便描述，定义Y轴方向包括Y轴正方向和Y轴反方向。在图1中，4束第一光束的输入方向为Y轴正方向，4束第二光束的输出方向为Y轴反方向。此时，在平面XZ内，4个输入端口和4个输出端口组成输入输出端口阵列。平面XZ垂直于Y轴。下面对不同排布的输入输出端口阵列进行分别描述。
图2a为输入输出端口阵列的结构示意图。如图2a所示，输入输出端口阵列为4行2列的阵列，光轴平面201位于第二行端口和第三行端口之间。第一列端口包括4个输入端口。第二列端口包括4个输出端口。为了方便描述，定义同一列端口中相邻端口的距离相同且为H。此时，输入输出端口阵列的端口高度d为3H。4个输入端口的的端口高度d1也为3H。4个输出端口的的端口高度d2也为3H。d1与d2的和等于2d。
图2b为本申请实施例提供的输入输出端口阵列的第一个结构示意图。如图2b所示，输入输出端口阵列为4行2列的阵列。其中，第一行和第四行总共包括4个输出端口。第二行和第三行总共包括4个输入端口。此时，输入输出端口阵列的端口高度d为3H。4个输入端口的的端口高度d1为H。4个输出端口的的端口高度d2为3H。d1与d2的和小于2d。
应理解，在前述的示例中，M和N等于4。在实际应用中，M或N还可以为其它的值。下面对此进行分别举例描述。
图2c为本申请实施例提供的输入输出端口阵列的第二个结构示意图。如图2c所示，输入输出端口阵列为4行1列的阵列。其中，第一行和第四行总共包括2个输出端口。第二行 和第三行总共包括2个输入端口。此时，输入输出端口阵列的端口高度d为3H。2个输入端口的的端口高度d1为H。2个输出端口的的端口高度d2为3H。d1与d2的和小于2d。
图2d为本申请实施例提供的输入输出端口阵列的第三个结构示意图。如图2d所示，输入输出端口阵列为5行2列的阵列。其中，第一行、第二行、第四行和第五行总共包括8个输出端口。第三行包括2个输入端口。光轴平面201位于第三行。此时，输入输出端口阵列的端口高度d为4H。2个输入端口的的端口高度d1为0。8个输出端口的的端口高度d2为4H。d1与d2的和小于2d。
应理解，在前述实施例中，输入输出端口阵列的排列方式为矩形。在实际应用中，M个输入端口和N个输出端口可以在平面XZ内随机排列，或整体排列成圆形、椭圆形、多边形等。下面以输入输出端口阵列为八边形进行示例描述。
图2e为本申请实施例提供的输入输出端口阵列的第四个结构示意图。如图2e所示，输入输出端口阵列包括6个输入端口和6个输出端口。输入输出端口阵列的形状为八边形。在图2e中，输入输出端口阵列的端口高度d为3H。6个输入端口的的端口高度d1为3H。6个输出端口的的端口高度d2为H。d1与d2的和小于2d。应理解，前述图2b至图2e只是本申请实施例提供的几种端口分布的示例。在实际应用中，本领域技术人员可以根据需求对端口分布进行适应性的修改。
在光交换装置中，光器件的尺寸与d1、d2相关。d1和/或d2的值越小时，光器件的尺寸越小。因此，在本申请实施例中，通过改变输入输出端口阵列中的端口分布，可以改变d1和/或d2的值，从而减小光器件的尺寸，进而减小光交换装置的尺寸。
在实际应用中，为了尽量减小光器件的尺寸，M个输入端口可以为输入输出端口阵列中最接近光轴平面的M个端口。此时，第一输出端口与光轴平面的距离大于或等于目标输入端口与光轴平面的距离。目标输入端口是指M个输入端口中与光轴平面距离最大的端口。第一输出端口指N个输出端口中与光轴平面距离最小的端口。或者类似地，为了尽量减小光器件的尺寸，N个输出端口可以为输入输出端口阵列中最接近光轴平面的N个端口。此时，第一输入端口与光轴平面的距离大于或等于目标输出端口与光轴平面的距离。目标输出端口是指N个输出端口中与光轴平面距离最大的端口。第一输入端口指M个输入端口中与光轴平面距离最小的端口。
在实际应用中，N可以等于M。输入输出端口阵列可以为Q行W列的端口组成的阵列。当输入输出端口阵列沿1维方向分布时，W等于1。当N等于M时，N等于Q/2，M等于Q/2。假设输入输出端口阵列在X轴方向沿光轴平面对称。此时，输入输出端口阵列的端口高度d为Q－1。当N个输出端口为输入输出端口阵列中最接近光轴平面的N个端口时，M个输入端口的的端口高度d1等于d。N个输出端口的的端口高度d2等于Q/2－1。其中，Q-1为目标端口与光轴平面的2倍距离。d2、d1和d的单位为H长度。例如，H为2毫米，Q等于8，则d等于14毫米。关于H的描述，请参阅前述图2a的描述。目标端口是指输入输出端口阵列中与光轴平面的距离最大的端口。当M个输入端口可以为输入输出端口阵列中最接近光轴平面的M个端口时，N个输出端口的端口高度d2等于d。M个输入端口的端口高度d1等于Q/2－1。
在实际应用中，当输入输出端口阵列为Q行W列的端口组成的阵列时，M可以等于W，M个输入端口可以为Q行W列的端口中的一行端口。例如，在图2d中，N等于8，M等于 2，Q等于5。此时，M等于W。当输入输出端口阵列在X轴方向沿光轴平面对称，M个输入端口为输入输出端口阵列中最接近光轴平面的M个端口时，d1的值可以为0。因为，本申请实施例可以进一减小光交换装置的尺寸。
前面对本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的输入输出端口阵列进行描述，下面对本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的结构进行描述。图3a为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第二个结构示意图。图3b为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第三个结构示意图。如图3a和3b所示，光交换装置包括输入输出端口阵列、第一镜片301、色散件302、第二镜片303、第一级切换引擎304、反射镜片305和第二级切换引擎306。下面对光交换装置中的不同器件进行分别描述。
输入输出端口阵列包括M个输入端口和N个输出端口(在图3a中，仅示意出了一个输入端口和一个输出端口)。M与N的和大于2。N和M为大于0的整数。输入端口可以为与光交换装置连接的输入光纤的端口，输入光纤通过该输入端口将第一光束传输至光交换装置中，以进行传输方向的交换。应理解，输入端口还可以为平面光波导(planar lightwave circuit，PLC)或PLC的光波导的端口。类似地，输出端口可以为与光交换装置连接的输出光纤的端口，输出光纤通过该输出端口从光交换装置接收第二光束。输出端口也可以为PLC或PLC的光波导的端口。M个输入端口用于接收M个第一光束。M个第一光束和M个输入端口一一对应。M个第一光束的传输方向为Y轴方向。Y轴方向也称为光束的传输方向。第一光束可以是包含单一波长的光束(即单色光)，也可以是包括多个波长的光束(即彩色光或复色光)。本实施例，以输入端口所获取的第一光束为包括多个波长的光束为例进行说明。例如，第一光束包括λ1、λ2、λ3和λ4。
第一镜片301可以为透镜或反射镜。第一镜片301用于从M个输入端口接收M个第一光束，将M个第一光束汇聚至色散件302。应理解，为了方便描述，在图3a中，仅示意了一个第一光束。应理解，第一镜片301可以为奇数或偶数个透镜组成的透镜组。此时，透镜组用于将M个第一光束汇聚至色散件302。
色散件302位于第一镜片301的后焦点处。色散件302可以为光栅302。色散件302用于对M个第一光束中的每个第一光束进行分解，得到M×P个子光束。P为每个第一光束包括的波长数量。P为大于0的整数。根据前面的描述可知，图3a仅以一个第一光束为例进行描述。此时，色散件302用于对一个第一光束进行分解，得到P个子光束。色散件302使得P个子光束分别以不同的出射角度从P个子光束出射以进行传输。色散件302输出的P个子光束传输至第二镜片303。
在本申请实施例中，X轴方向为与光栅302的刻线相互平行的方向，而Z轴方向为与光栅302的刻线相垂直的方向。色散件302用于将第一光束进行分解以形成P个子光束。P个子光束分别以不同的出射角度从色散件302出射以进行传输。Z轴方向为出射的P个子光束散开的方向，亦即该色散件302使得P个子光束获取角色散的方向。Z轴方向和X轴方向垂直。因此，在XY平面内，P个子光束互相重叠，仅用一个带箭头的实线表征P个子光束。
第二镜片303用于从色散件302接收M×P个子光束。色散件302位于第二镜片303的后焦点处。第二镜片303可以为透镜或反射镜。第二镜片303用于改变M×P个子光束的传输方向，使得M×P个子光束准直入射至第一级切换引擎304的M×P个区域。M×P个子光束和M×P个区域一一对应。
第一级切换引擎304可以为硅基液晶(liquid crystal on silicon，LCOS)芯片、液晶(liquid crystal，LC)阵列芯片或者微机电系统(micro electro mechanical system，MEMS)。第一级切换引擎304包括M×P个区域。每个区域用于沿Z轴方向和/或X轴方向改变入射的子光束的传输方向，即M×P个区域中的每个区域用于为对应的子光束施加不同的切换角度。子光束的切换角度和N个输出端口一一对应。因此，向不同输出端口传输的子光束对应不同的切换角度。例如，一个第一光束包括4个子光束。4个子光束包括λ1、λ2、λ3和λ4。当λ1和λ2需要传输至相同的输出端口时，λ1和λ2的切换角度相同。当λ1和λ2需要传输至不同的输出端口时，λ1和λ2的切换角度不同。
在实际应用中，多个相同切换角度的子光束可以组成一个第二光束。在后续的描述中，色散件302用于对多个相同切换角度的子光束进行合束，得到一个第二光束。因此，多个相同切换角度的子光束可以称为一个第二光束。第一级切换引擎304可以根据M×P个子光束得到N个第二光束。当N等于M时，每个第二光束也可以包括P个子光束。N个第二光束和N个输出端口一一对应。第一级切换引擎304为N个第二光束中的每个第二光束施加了不同的切换角度。因此，N个第二光束中每个第二光束的传输方向不同。为了方便描述，在图3a的示例中，仅示意了一个第二光束或一个子光束的传输方向。
根据前面的描述可知，第二镜片303用于将M×P个子光束准直入射至第一级切换引擎304。准直入射并不是表征M×P个子光束一定和第一级切换引擎304的接收平面垂直。在本申请实施例中，为了使得M个第一光束和M×P个子光束分离，M×P个子光束中的每个子光束可以不垂直入射至第一级切换引擎304的接收平面。此时，第一级切换引擎304的接收平面存在绕X轴的夹角(即沿X轴方向为轴，第一级切换引擎304的接收平面存在一定夹角，图中未示出)。在本申请实施例中，M×P个子光束中的每个子光束也可以垂直入射至第一级切换引擎304的接收平面。此时，第一级切换引擎304为M×P个子光束施加固定或可变的绕X轴的偏转角，使得M个第一光束和M×P个子光束分离。通过上述方式，可以使得M×P个子光束和M个第一光束分离。具体地，在图3a中，第一级切换引擎304传输的M×P个子光束通过第二镜片303、色散件302和第一镜片301后传输至反射镜片305。应理解，在XY平面的示意中，第一级切换引擎304传输的M×P个子光束经过输入端口。在YZ平面中，第一级切换引擎304传输的M×P个子光束并未经过输入端口。
反射镜片305可以为反射镜，或反射镜和透镜的组合。反射镜片305用于接收M×P个子光束(或称为N个第二光束)。M×P个子光束入射至反射镜片305的入射角度或入射位置不同。反射镜片305的功能是将入射光束的角度差异变换为位置差异、或位置差异变换为角度差异，并通过第一镜片301将子光束反射至第二级切换引擎306。具体地，当M×P个子光束的入射角度不同时，反射镜片305将不同的入射角度差异转换为不同的位置差异。此时，反射的M×P个子光束入射至第一镜片301的不同位置。当M×P个子光束的入射位置不同时，反射镜片305将不同的入射位置差异转换为不同的角度差异。此时，反射的M×P个子光束以不同的角度入射至第一镜片301。
如图3b所示，在图3a的基础上，反射镜片305用于反射M×P个子光束。应理解，为了方便描述，图3b中仅示意了一个子光束。M×P个子光束通过第一镜片301、色散件302和第二镜片303后到达第二级切换引擎306。应理解，在XY平面的示意中，反射镜片305反射的M×P个子光束经过输出端口。在YZ平面中，反射镜片305反射的M×P个子光束并未经 过输出端口。第二级切换引擎306和第一级切换引擎304可以为同一切换引擎中的不同区域。例如，目标切换引擎包括第一区域和第二区域。第一区域也称为第一级切换引擎304。第二区域也称为第二级切换引擎306。
关于第二级切换引擎306的描述，可以参考前述第一级切换引擎304的描述。反射镜片305反射的M×P个子光束传输至第二级切换引擎306中的不同区域。第二级切换引擎306用于改变M×P个子光束的传输方向，使得M×P个子光束的传输方向与光交换装置的光轴平行。光交换装置的光轴可以为光交换装置中任意镜片的光轴，例如第一镜片301或第二镜片303的光轴。光交换装置的光轴位于光轴平面201上。光轴平面201平行于YZ平面。YZ平面是指垂直于X轴的平面。
从第二级切换引擎306输出的M×P个子光束通过第二镜片303后到达色散件302。色散件302用于对M×P个子光束中相同切换角度的子光束进行合束，得到N个第二光束。色散件302用于向通过第一镜片301向N个输出端口传输N个第二光束。N个输出端口和N个第二光束一一对应。应理解，在图3a和图3b中，仅以一个输出端口为例进行描述。
在实际应用中，为了方便实现第一光束和第二光束的分离，光交换装置还可以包括第三镜片和第四镜片。图4a为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第四个结构示意图。图4b为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第五个结构示意图。如图4a和4b所示，在图3a和图3b的基础上，光交换装置还包括第三镜片401和第四镜片402。下面对光交换装置中的不同器件进行分别描述。
第三镜片401和第四镜片402可以为透镜或反射镜。第三镜片401用于从M个输入端口接收M个第一光束，向第四镜片402传输M个第一光束。应理解，在图4a中，仅示意了一个第一光束。在XY平面的示意中，M个第一光束经过反射镜片305。在YZ平面中，M个第一光束并未经过反射镜片305。第三镜片401的后焦点和第四镜片402的前焦点重合。第四镜片402用于向第一镜片301传输M个第一光束。第四镜片402的后焦点和第一镜片301的前焦点重合。关于第一镜片301、色散件302、第二镜片303和第一级切换引擎304的描述，可以参考前述图3a中的描述。色散件302用于根据M个第一光束得到M×P个子光束，向第一级切换引擎304传输M×P个子光束。第一级切换引擎304用于改变M×P个子光束的传输方向。第一级切换引擎304反射的M×P个子光束经过第二镜片303、色散件302、第一镜片301和第四镜片402后到达反射镜片305。
反射镜片305用于将入射光束的角度差异变换为位置差异、或位置差异变换为角度差异，并向第二级切换引擎306反射N个第二光束。关于反射镜片305和第二级切换引擎306的描述，可以参考前述图3b的描述。其中，反射镜片305反射的M×P个子光束经过第四镜片402、第一镜片301、色散件302和第二镜片303后到达第二级切换引擎306。第二级切换引擎306输出的M×P个子光束(或称为N个第二光束)通过第二镜片303、色散件302、第一镜片301、第四镜片402和第三镜片401后到达N个输出端口。N个输出端口和N个第二光束一一对应。应理解，在图4a和图4b中，仅以一个输出端口为例进行描述。
在前述图3a和图3b中，光交换装置的光轴可以为第一镜片301或第二镜片303的光轴。在图4a和4b中，光交换装置的光轴也可以为第三镜片401或第四镜片402的光轴。
在实际应用中，为了可以更灵活的设置反射镜片305的位置，光交换装置还包括第五镜片。第五镜片用于改变M×P个子光束的传输方向。图5a为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置 的第六个结构示意图。图5b为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第七个结构示意图。如图5a和5b所示，在图4a和图4b的基础上，光交换装置还包括第五镜片501。第五镜片501用于改变第一级切换引擎304反射的M×P个子光束的传输方向。其中，第一级切换引擎304反射的M×P个子光束经过第二镜片303、色散件302、第一镜片301、第四镜片402和第五镜片501后到达反射镜片305。反射镜片305反射的M×P个子光束经过第五镜片501、第四镜片402、第一镜片301、色散件302和第二镜片303后到达第二级切换引擎306。应理解，在图5a和图5b中各个光器件的描述，可以参考前述图4a和图4b的描述。在图5a和图5b中，在XY平面的示意中，第五镜片501与输入光束的路径重叠。在YZ平面中，第五镜片501与输入光束的路径不重叠。因此，M个第一光束不经过第五镜片501。
在图3a、图4a和图5a的示例中，光交换装置通过第一级切换引擎304的接收平面绕X轴的夹角或第一级切换引擎304施加的绕X轴的偏转角来实现第一光束和M×P个子光束的分离。在实际应用中，光交换装置也可以通过分离组件来实现第一光束和M×P个子光束的分离。图6a为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第八个结构示意图。图6b为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第九个结构示意图。图6c为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第十个结构示意图。如图6a、图6b和图6c所示，在图4a和图4b的基础上，光交换装置还包括分离组件601。
分离组件601位于第三镜片401和第四镜片402之间。例如，分离组件601可以位于第三镜片401的后焦点上。分离组件601包括包括第一区域和第二区域。图7为本申请实施例提供的分离组件的结构示意图。如图7所示，分离组件601包括灰色所示的第一区域和白色所示的第二区域。第一区域位于光轴平面201附近。在其中一个示例中，第一区域和第二区域为平面，平面的法线为Y轴。第一区域和第二区域在色散平面(YZ平面)内有角度差异，以此在色散平面将第一光束和第二光束分离。下面对分离组件601的功能进行描述。
在图6a中，M个第一光束依次经过第三镜片401、分离组件601、第四镜片402、第一镜片301、色散件302、第二镜片303和第一级切换引擎304。第一级切换引擎304反射的N个第二光束依次经过第二镜片303、色散件302、第一镜片301、第四镜片402后到达分离组件601。其中，分离组件601的第一区域用于从第三镜片401接收M个第一光束，向第四镜片402反射或透射M个第一光束。分离组件601的第二区域用于从第四镜片402接收M×P个子光束，向反射镜片305反射或透射M×P个子光束。
在图6b中，反射镜片305反射的M×P个子光束依次经过分离组件601、第四镜片402、第一镜片301、色散件302、第二镜片303和第二级切换引擎306。其中，分离组件601的第二区域用于从反射镜片305接收M×P个子光束，向第四镜片402反射或透射M×P个子光束。
在图6c中，第二级切换引擎306输出的M×P个子光束通过第二镜片303、色散件302、第一镜片301、第四镜片402、分离组件601和第三镜片401后到达N个输出端口。其中，分离组件601的第一区域用于从第四镜片402接收N个第二光束，向第三镜片401反射或透射N个第二光束。应理解，在图6a、图6b和图6c中各个光器件的描述，可以参考前述图4a和图4b的描述。
在实际应用中，为了减少光交换装置中光器件的数量，可以将分离组件601的功能集成在色散件302上。图8a为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第十一个结构示意图。图8b为本申请实施例提供的光交换装置的第十二个结构示意图。图8c为本申请实施例提供的光交换 装置的第十三个结构示意图。如图8a、图8b和图8c所示，在图3a和图3b的基础上，色散件302包括第一区域和第二区域。图9为本申请实施例提供的色散件的结构示意图。如图9所示，色散件302包括灰色示意的第一区域和白色示意的第二区域。第一区域位于光轴平面201附近。在其中一个示例中，第一区域和第二区域的衍射能力不同，从而在色散平面将第一光束和第二光束分离。下面对色散件302的功能进行描述。
在图8a中，M个第一光束依次经过第一镜片301、色散件302、第二镜片303和第一级切换引擎304。第一级切换引擎304反射的M×P个子光束依次经过第二镜片303和色散件302。其中，色散件302的第一区域用于从第一镜片301接收M个第一光束，根据M个第一光束得到M×P个子光束，向第二镜片303传输M×P个子光束。色散件302的第二区域用于从第二镜片303接收M×P个子光束，向反射镜片305透射M×P个子光束。
在图8b中，反射镜片305反射的M×P个子光束依次经过色散件302、第二镜片303和第二级切换引擎306。其中，色散件302的第二区域用于从反射镜片305接收M×P个子光束，向第二镜片303透射M×P个子光束。
在图8c中，第二级切换引擎306输出的M×P个子光束通过第二镜片303、色散件302和第一镜片301后到达N个输出端口。其中，色散件302的第一区域用于从第二镜片303接收M×P个子光束，根据M×P个子光束得到N个第二光束，向第一镜片301透射N个第二光束。应理解，在图8a、图8b和图8c中各个光器件的描述，可以参考前述图3a和图3b的描述。
前面对本申请提供的光交换装置进行描述。下面对本申请实施例提供的光交换节点进行描述。在本申请中，光交换节点可以为ROADM或数据中心网络内部的光交换节点。在其他示例中，该光交换节点还可称之为波长交叉连接器(wavelength crossconnect，WXC)、光交叉连接器(optical crossconnect，OXC)、光交换节点或波长交换节点等，本申请实施例对此不做具体限制。光交换节点包括多个光交换装置。多个光交换装置之间通过光纤间接或直接相连。下面对本申请实施例提供的光交换节点的2个示例进行描述。
图10为本申请实施例提供的光交换节点的第一个结构示意图。如图10所示，光交换节点1000包括3个分波器(即分波器1004、分波器1005和分波器1006)、3个WSS(即WSS 1001、WSS 1002和WSS 1003)和3个合波器(即合波器1007、合波器1008和合波器1009)。3个分波器中的每个分波器用于接收输入光束，将输入光束分为不同波长的三个子光束。3个WSS中的每个WSS用于从3个分波器接收3个子光束。3个分波器和3个子光束一一对应。关于WSS的描述，可以参考前述图1至图9中对光交换装置的描述。3个子光束对应前述光交换装置接收的3个第一光束。每个WSS用于根据3个子光束得到3个第二光束，向3个合波器中的每个合波器传输一个第二光束。3个合波器中的每个合波器用于从3个WSS接收3个第二光束，对3个第二光束进行合波，得到输出光束。3个WSS和3个第二光束一一对应。
图11为本申请实施例提供的光交换节点的第二个结构示意图。如图11所示，光交换节点1100包括输入侧的四个WSS(即WSS110、WSS111、WSS112以及WSS113)，还包括输出侧的四个WSS(即WSS210、WSS211、WSS212以及WSS213)。输入侧的每个WSS为1*4(即一个输入端口，四个输出端口)的WSS，输出侧的每个WSS为4*1(即四个输入端口，一个输出端口)的WSS。输入侧的每个WSS的输出端口，与输出侧的每个WSS的输入端口连接。本实施例所示的八个WSS位于不同的位置，本实施例对光交换节点所包括的WSS的 数量以及各WSS的位置不做限定。位于不同位置处的WSS之间用于进行光信号的传输方向的交换，以实现对光信号的灵活调度。以WSS110为例，WSS110可将光信号传播至该输出侧所包括的任一与WSS110通过光纤连接的WSS，以实现光信号的不同方向的交换。例如，本实施例所示的光交换节点中，与该WSS110通过光纤连接有WSS210、WSS211、WSS212以及WSS213，WSS110可将光信号传播至WSS210、WSS211、WSS212以及WSS213中的任一个WSS。
应理解，图10和图11只是本申请实施例提供的示例。在实际应用中，本领域技术人员可以根据需求对光交换节点的结构进行适应性的修改。
本申请实施例还提供了一种光通信系统，图12为本申请所提供的光通信系统的结构示意图。如图12所示，光通信系统1600包括多个光交换节点。针对该光交换节点的说明可参见前述图10或图11的描述。如图12所示，本实施例所示的光通信系统1600包括光交换节点1601、光交换节点1602、光交换节点1603、光交换节点1604以及光交换节点1605。需明确的是，本实施例对光通信系统1600所包括的光交换节点的数量的说明为可选地示例，不做限定。该光通信系统1600还包括连接在两个光交换节点之间的光纤，以光交换节点1601和光交换节点1605为例，该光通信系统1600还包括连接在光交换节点1601和光交换节点1605之间的光纤1606，本实施例对光通信系统1600所包括的多个光交换节点之间的连接关系不做限定。
在图12中，关于光交换节点1601、光交换节点1602、光交换节点1603、光交换节点1604或光交换节点1605的描述，可以参考前述图10或图11中对光交换节点的描述。在其它实施例中，光通信系统1600中的任意光交换节点可以为光交换装置，例如图1所示的光交换装置。因此，关于光交换节点1601、光交换节点1602、光交换节点1603、光交换节点1604或光交换节点1605的描述可以参考前述图1至图9中对光交换装置的描述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种光交换方法。图13为本申请实施例提供的光交换方法的流程示意图。光交换方法可以应用于光交换装置或光交换节点。下面以光交换方法应用于光交换装置为例进行描述。如图13所示，光交换方法包括以下步骤。
在步骤1301中，光交换装置通过输入输出端口阵列中的M个输入端口接收M个第一光束。M个第一光束和M个输入端口一一对应。每个第一光束包括一个或多个波长。
在步骤1302中，光交换装置通过输入输出端口阵列中的N个输出端口输出N个第二光束。N个第二光束是根据M个第一光束得到的。M与N的和大于2。N和M为大于0的整数。N个输出端口和N个第二光束一一对应。其中，M个输入端口的端口高度为d1。N个输出端口的端口高度为d2。输入输出端口阵列的端口高度为d。d1与d2的和小于2d。
应理解，关于光交换方法的描述，可以参考前述光交换装置的描述。例如，M个输入端口为输入输出端口阵列中最接近光轴平面的M个端口。或，N个输出端口为输入输出端口阵列中最接近光轴平面的N个端口。又例如，N等于M，输入输出端口阵列为Q行W列的端口组成的阵列。
以上，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种光交换装置，其特征在于，包括输入输出端口阵列、第一镜片、色散件、第二镜片、第一级切换引擎、反射镜片和第二级切换引擎，其中：
    所述输入输出端口阵列包括M个输入端口和N个输出端口，所述M与所述N的和大于2，所述N和所述M为大于0的整数；
    所述第一镜片用于从所述M个输入端口接收M个第一光束，将所述M个第一光束汇聚至所述色散件，所述M个第一光束和所述M个输入端口一一对应；
    所述色散件用于将每个第一光束分解为P个子光束，得到M×P个子光束，所述P为大于0的整数；
    所述第二镜片用于从所述色散件接收所述M×P个子光束，将所述M×P个子光束准直入射至所述第一级切换引擎；
    所述第一级切换引擎用于为所述M×P个子光束施加切换角度，向所述反射镜片传输所述M×P个子光束；
    所述反射镜片用于向所述第二级切换引擎反射所述M×P个子光束；
    所述第二级切换引擎用于改变所述M×P个子光束的传输角度，向所述色散件传输所述M×P个子光束；
    所述色散件还用于将所述M×P个子光束合束为N个第二光束，向所述N个输出端口传输所述N个第二光束，所述N个第二光束和所述N个输出端口一一对应；
    其中，所述M个输入端口的端口高度为d1，所述N个输出端口的端口高度为d2，所述输入输出端口阵列的端口高度为d，所述d1与所述d2的和小于2d。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，所述第一镜片和所述第二镜片为同一镜片，所述第一镜片为反射镜，所述第一级切换引擎和所述第二级切换引擎为同一切换引擎。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，所述光交换装置还包括第三镜片和第四镜片；
    所述第三镜片用于从所述M个输入端口接收所述M个第一光束，向所述第四镜片传输所述M个第一光束；
    所述第四镜片用于向所述第一镜片传输所述M个第一光束；
    所述第一级切换引擎用于向所述反射镜片传输所述M×P个子光束包括：所述第一级切换引擎用于通过所述第四镜片向所述反射镜片传输所述M×P个子光束；
    所述反射镜片用于向所述第二级切换引擎反射所述M×P个子光束包括：所述反射镜片用于通过所述第四镜片向所述第二级切换引擎反射所述M×P个子光束。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，所述光交换装置还包括第五镜片；
    所述第一级切换引擎用于向所述反射镜片传输所述M×P个子光束包括：所述第一级切换引擎用于通过所述第五镜片和所述第四镜片向所述反射镜片传输所述M×P个子光束；
    所述反射镜片用于向所述第二级切换引擎反射所述M×P个子光束包括：所述反射镜片用于通过所述第五镜片和所述第四镜片向所述第二级切换引擎反射所述M×P个子光束。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，所述光交换装置还包括分离组件；
    所述第三镜片用于向所述第四镜片传输所述M个第一光束包括：所述第三镜片用于将所述M个第一光束汇聚至所述分离组件的第一区域，通过所述分离组件的第一区域向所述第四镜片传输所述M个第一光束；
    所述第一级切换引擎用于向所述反射镜片传输所述M×P个子光束包括：所述第一级切换引擎用于通过所述分离组件的第二区域和所述第四镜片向所述反射镜片传输所述M×P个子光束；
    所述反射镜片用于向所述第二级切换引擎反射所述M×P个子光束包括：所述反射镜片用于通过所述分离组件的第二区域和所述第四镜片向所述第二级切换引擎反射所述M×P个子光束。
  6. 根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一镜片用于将所述M个第一光束汇聚至所述色散件包括：所述第一镜片用于将所述M个第一光束汇聚至所述色散件的第一区域；
    所述色散件用于将每个第一光束分解为P个子光束包括：所述色散件用于通过所述色散件的第一区域将每个第一光束分解为P个子光束；
    所述第一级切换引擎用于向所述反射镜片传输所述M×P个子光束包括：所述第一级切换引擎用于通过所述色散件的第二区域向所述反射镜片传输所述M×P个子光束；
    所述反射镜片用于向所述第二级切换引擎反射所述M×P个子光束包括：所述反射镜片用于通过所述色散件的第二区域向所述第二级切换引擎反射所述M×P个子光束。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任意一项所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，
    所述M个输入端口为所述输入输出端口阵列中最接近光轴平面的M个端口；或，
    所述N个输出端口为所述输入输出端口阵列中最接近光轴平面的N个端口。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任意一项所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，所述N等于所述M，所述输入输出端口阵列为Q行W列的端口组成的阵列。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，所述d为Q－1；
    所述d1等于d，所述d2等于Q/2－1；或，
    所述d2等于d，所述d1等于Q/2－1。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，所述Q大于2。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，所述W等于1，所述N等于Q/2，所述M等于Q/2。
  12. 根据权利要求8至11中任意一项所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，所述M个输入端口为所述Q行W列的端口中的一行端口，所述M个输入端口为所述输入输出端口阵列中最接近光轴平面的M个端口。
  13. 一种光交换方法，其特征在于，包括：
    通过输入输出端口阵列中的M个输入端口接收M个第一光束，所述M个第一光束和所述M个输入端口一一对应；
    通过所述输入输出端口阵列中的N个输出端口输出N个第二光束，所述N个第二光束是根据所述M个第一光束得到的，所述M与所述N的和大于2，所述N和所述M为大于0的整数，所述M个输入端口的端口高度为d1，所述N个输出端口的端口高度为d2，所述输入输出端口阵列的端口高度为d，所述d1与所述d2的和小于2d。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的光交换方法，其特征在于，所述M个输入端口为所述输入输出端口阵列中最接近光轴平面的M个端口；或，所述N个输出端口为所述输入输出端口阵列中最接近光轴平面的N个端口。
  15. 一种光交换节点，其特征在于，包括多个如权利要求1至12中任意一项所述光交换装置，多个所述光交换装置通过光纤相连。
  16. 一种光通信系统，其特征在于，包括多个如权利要求15所述的光交换节点。
PCT/CN2023/105223 2022-11-03 2023-06-30 光交换装置和光交换方法 WO2024093330A1 (zh)

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