WO2024087555A1 - 一种风电叶片卧式回收反应装置及风电叶片回收方法 - Google Patents

一种风电叶片卧式回收反应装置及风电叶片回收方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024087555A1
WO2024087555A1 PCT/CN2023/090447 CN2023090447W WO2024087555A1 WO 2024087555 A1 WO2024087555 A1 WO 2024087555A1 CN 2023090447 W CN2023090447 W CN 2023090447W WO 2024087555 A1 WO2024087555 A1 WO 2024087555A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotary kiln
wind turbine
port
turbine blade
reaction device
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2023/090447
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨嵩
程广文
姚明宇
于在松
郭中旭
蔡铭
赵瀚辰
王晓乾
杨成龙
Original Assignee
西安热工研究院有限公司
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Publication of WO2024087555A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024087555A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
    • C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
    • C10B49/04—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of wind turbine blade recovery, and in particular to a horizontal wind turbine blade recovery reaction device and a wind turbine blade recovery method.
  • Waste wind turbine blades are a kind of high value-added industrial solid waste, and their main material is glass fiber or carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material.
  • their main material is glass fiber or carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material.
  • Pyrolysis is a new type of resin-based composite material recycling method. It usually converts the matrix resin of the composite material into gaseous small molecular compounds under a specific atmosphere and high temperature ( ⁇ 850°C) to recover the reinforcing fibers with high added value to achieve resource utilization.
  • the disclosed embodiments provide a horizontal wind turbine blade recovery reaction device, which solves the problem of uneven pyrolysis caused by insufficient flue gas heat exchange during pyrolysis and the problem of low wind turbine blade fiber recovery rate.
  • a wind turbine blade recovery method is also provided, which solves the problems of high energy consumption during wind turbine blade pyrolysis and low quality of recovered fiber.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a horizontal wind turbine blade recovery reaction device, comprising: a rotary kiln, a feeding pipe and a discharging bin, wherein the rotary kiln is horizontally arranged and rotates along a horizontal axis, the left and right end faces of the rotary kiln are respectively an inlet end face and an outlet end face, the inlet end face is connected with a feeding pipe, the outlet end face is connected with a discharging pipe, a cavity for accommodating wind turbine blades is formed inside the rotary kiln, a spiral material guiding mechanism and a plurality of baffles are arranged in the cavity, and the baffles are staggered on the inner wall of the cavity;
  • the feeding pipe is arranged horizontally, one end of the feeding pipe is a feeding port, the other end of the feeding pipe is horizontally connected to the feeding pipe of the rotary kiln through a first rotating joint, and an air inlet is opened on the side wall of the feeding pipe;
  • the discharge bin is arranged in a vertical direction, an exhaust port is provided at the upper end of the discharge bin, and a material discharge port is provided at the lower end of the discharge bin.
  • a connecting hole is provided on the side wall of the discharge bin, and the connecting hole is connected to the discharge port of the rotary kiln through a second rotary joint.
  • a fiber blocking device is provided on the discharge bin above the connecting hole.
  • the horizontal wind turbine blade recovery reaction device adopts a rotary furnace structure and adds a deflection baffle, which avoids flue gas short-circuiting, enhances the heat exchange efficiency between the hot flue gas and materials in the power plant, and makes the pyrolysis reaction more uniform and sufficient.
  • the discharge bin is designed so that the fibers will not be discharged from the air outlet along with the smoke, thereby improving the recovery rate of the fibers and achieving 100% recovery of the fibers.
  • the fiber blocking device includes a plurality of staggered fiber baffles, which are fixed on the inner wall of the discharge bin.
  • the fiber baffles can be staggered to form a baffle structure, and the fibers can be blocked by the fiber baffles and fall down.
  • the fiber blocking device may further include a filter plate, which is detachably fixed to the inner wall of the discharge bin.
  • the filter plate is detachably fixed to the inner wall of the discharge bin by bolts, and smoke can be discharged upward through the filter plate, and the fibers are blocked by the filter plate and fall down and are discharged from the discharge port.
  • a sampling port is provided on the wall of the rotary furnace. During the pyrolysis process of the wind turbine blade, material is taken from the sampling port at regular intervals to observe the reaction state of the wind turbine blade so as to adjust the temperature of the flue gas introduced and the pyrolysis time.
  • a plurality of knocking devices are provided on the outer wall of the rotary kiln, so as to knock down the wind turbine blades attached to the inner wall of the rotary kiln during the reaction process.
  • a closable material taking port is provided on the side wall of the material taking bin, and the material taking port is located on the side opposite to the connecting hole.
  • the door of the material taking port is opened, and the fibers are hooked out by a tool such as a hook.
  • the material taking port is arranged on the side opposite to the connecting hole, which can facilitate the hooking of materials.
  • the shell of the rotary kiln is filled with a heat insulation layer.
  • the heat insulation layer is made of ceramic fiber, which can greatly reduce the energy consumption and surface temperature of the equipment due to its excellent heat insulation performance and extremely low heat capacity, and has a significant energy-saving effect.
  • a support base for supporting the rotary kiln is also included.
  • the support base includes a base and a support frame. Two support frames are provided. A supporting wheel is installed on each support frame. The two support frames are respectively supported on a feed pipe and a discharge pipe. The feed pipe is connected to a rotating drive device via a transmission sprocket.
  • the rotary kiln is provided with an inspection flange along the longitudinal section, and the inspection flange is located near the feed pipe, so that the rotary kiln can be repaired more conveniently in the future.
  • Another aspect of the disclosed embodiment provides a wind turbine blade recycling method, using the above-mentioned horizontal wind turbine blade recycling reaction device, comprising the following steps:
  • the black carbon block gradually turns white to form a black and white block, and generates carbon dioxide, taking materials from the sampling port of the rotary kiln at regular intervals to observe the reaction state;
  • S4 start the rotary drive device of the rotary kiln, rotate the rotary kiln forward, and make the wind turbine blades in the rotary kiln roll.
  • the duration is 45 to 100 minutes.
  • the black and white block objects are converted into fibers. Stop the flue gas, reverse the rotary kiln, and unload the fibers from the discharge bin.
  • the horizontal wind turbine blade recovery reaction device provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure adopts a rotary furnace structure and adds a baffle plate, thereby avoiding the short circuit of flue gas, enhancing the heat exchange efficiency between the hot flue gas and the material of the power plant, and making the pyrolysis reaction more uniform and sufficient;
  • the design of the discharge bin prevents the fibers from being discharged from the air outlet along with the smoke, thereby improving the fiber recovery rate and achieving 100% fiber recovery;
  • the wind turbine blade recycling method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure realizes controllable pyrolysis oxidation, reduces the energy consumption required for pyrolysis, makes the pyrolysis fully uniform, and improves the quality of the recovered fiber.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontal wind turbine blade recovery reaction device in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG2 is a top view of FIG1 ;
  • FIG3 is a side view of FIG1 ;
  • FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a sampling port of the rotary kiln in FIG1 ;
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the discharge bin in Example 1;
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the discharge bin in Example 2.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a horizontal wind turbine blade recovery reaction device, including: a rotary kiln 12, a feeding pipe 3 and a discharge bin 17.
  • the rotary kiln 12 is used to hold wind turbine blades to be pyrolyzed
  • the feeding pipe 3 is used to feed wind turbine blades into the rotary kiln 12 and introduce hot flue gas
  • the discharge bin 17 is used to discharge fibers and flue gas formed after pyrolysis.
  • the rotary kiln 12 is arranged horizontally and rotates along the horizontal axis.
  • the left and right end faces of the rotary kiln 12 are the inlet end face and the outlet end face respectively.
  • the inlet end face is connected to a feed pipe 6, and the outlet end face is connected to a discharge pipe 13.
  • the interior of the rotary kiln 12 forms a cavity for accommodating wind turbine blades.
  • the cavity is provided with a spiral guide mechanism and a plurality of baffles 11, and the baffles 11 are staggered on the inner wall of the cavity.
  • the spiral guide mechanism is not marked in the figure and is a prior art.
  • the spiral guide mechanism can be a threaded guide plate arranged on the inner wall of the cavity.
  • the rotary kiln 12 When the rotary kiln 12 rotates forward, the wind turbine blades turn over in the rotary kiln 12 to undergo a pyrolysis reaction. When the rotary kiln 12 rotates reversely, the fibers after pyrolysis of the wind turbine blades can be transported to the discharge bin 17 along the threaded guide plate for discharge.
  • the baffles 11 are staggered and fixed at the gaps of the threaded guide plates to form a multi-channel labyrinth baffle structure, so that the flue gas and the wind turbine blades are fully in contact and react evenly.
  • the rotary kiln 12 is provided with an inspection flange 8 along the longitudinal section.
  • the inspection flange 8 is located near the feed pipe 6 , so that the rotary kiln 12 can be repaired more conveniently later.
  • the shell of the rotary kiln 12 is filled with a heat insulation layer.
  • the thermal insulation layer is ceramic fiber. Due to the excellent thermal insulation performance and extremely low heat capacity of ceramic fiber, the energy consumption and surface temperature of the equipment can be greatly reduced, and a significant energy-saving effect is achieved.
  • a support base is also included, which is used to support the rotary kiln 12.
  • the support base includes a base 19 and a support frame 20.
  • Two support frames 20 are provided, and each support frame 20 is equipped with a supporting wheel 5.
  • the two support frames 20 are respectively supported on the feed pipe 6 and the discharge pipe 13.
  • the feed pipe 6 is connected to the rotating drive device through a transmission sprocket 7.
  • the rotary drive device includes a motor and a reducer, the output end of the motor is connected to the input end of the reducer, the output end of the reducer is connected to the sprocket, and drives the sprocket to rotate, thereby driving the rotary kiln 12 to rotate. It should be pointed out that the rotary drive device is not marked in the figure, which is a prior art and can be installed on the base 19 or other suitable positions that do not affect the normal use of the reaction device.
  • a sampling port is provided on the wall of the rotary kiln 12.
  • materials are taken from the sampling port at regular intervals to observe the reaction state of the wind turbine blades so as to adjust the temperature of the flue gas introduced and the pyrolysis time. It should be noted that since the cavity of the rotary kiln 12 is under negative pressure, the flue gas in the rotary kiln 12 will not escape when sampling.
  • the sampling port can be designed as a double valve channel structure, specifically, a sampling pipe 25 is connected to the sampling port, and a first control valve 24 is provided at the inner position of the sampling pipe 25.
  • a second control valve 23 is provided at the outer position of the pipeline 25, and a cavity for sampling is formed between the first control valve 24 and the second control valve 23. This can prevent external air from entering the rotary kiln 12 during sampling, thereby causing the temperature inside the rotary kiln 12 to drop or more wind turbine blades to flow out.
  • the specific operation process is as follows: rotate the rotary kiln 12 so that the sampling port is moved to the middle and lower part or the bottom, first open the first control valve 24, let the wind turbine blade fall into the cavity for sampling, then close the first control valve 24, then open the second control valve 23, take out the wind turbine blade sample, and close the second control valve 23.
  • a plurality of knocking devices 10 are provided on the outer wall of the rotary kiln 12 to knock down the wind turbine blades attached to the inner wall of the rotary kiln 12 during the reaction process.
  • the feeding pipe 3 is arranged horizontally, one end of the feeding pipe 3 is the feeding port 1, and the other end of the feeding pipe 3 is horizontally connected to the feeding pipe 6 of the rotary kiln 12 through the first rotating joint 4.
  • the side wall of the feeding pipe 3 is provided with an air inlet 2.
  • the function of the first rotating joint 4 is to ensure that the feeding pipe 3 is stationary when the rotary kiln 12 rotates.
  • the first rotating joint 4 plays a role similar to a bearing.
  • the air inlet 2 is arranged above the feeding pipe 3 and is connected to an air inlet pipe for introducing hot flue gas.
  • a control valve is provided on the air inlet pipe.
  • the feeding port 1 is used to feed the wind turbine blades to be pyrolyzed.
  • a sealing door body that can be opened and closed is provided at the feeding port 1.
  • the feeding port 1 When feeding, the feeding port 1 is opened, and the wind turbine blades to be pyrolyzed are conveyed to the rotary kiln 12 by a small conveyor.
  • a temperature measuring device is inserted into the rotary kiln 12 for monitoring the temperature in the rotary kiln 12. Specifically, a thermocouple 9 is inserted into the rotary kiln 12 from the feeding pipe 3.
  • the discharge bin 17 is arranged in a vertical direction, and an exhaust port 15 is provided at the upper end of the discharge bin 17 for discharging the smoke after the reaction.
  • a discharge port 18 is provided at the lower end of the discharge bin 17 for discharging the fiber after pyrolysis.
  • a connecting hole 16 is provided on the side wall of the discharge bin 17 for connecting to the discharge port of the rotary kiln 12. The connecting hole 16 is connected to the discharge port of the rotary kiln 12 through a second rotary joint 14.
  • the function of the second rotary joint 14 is to ensure that the discharge bin 17 is stationary when the rotary kiln 12 rotates, and the second rotary joint 14 plays a role similar to a bearing.
  • first rotary joint 4 and the second rotary joint 14 are both made of high temperature resistant material.
  • the discharge bin 17 is provided with a fiber blocking device at a position above the connecting hole 16, which is used to block the fibers mixed in the smoke during the exhaust process to prevent the fibers from being discharged along with the smoke.
  • the fiber blocking device may include a plurality of staggered fiber baffles 22, which are fixed to the inner wall of the discharge bin 17.
  • the fiber baffles 22 may be staggered and horizontally arranged to form a baffle structure, and the fibers may be blocked by the fiber baffles 22 and fall down.
  • the fiber baffles 22 may be staggered and inclined, and the inner side of each fiber baffle 22 may be inclined downward at a certain angle, so that the blocked fibers can slide down along the inclined surface.
  • the fiber blocking device may further include a filter plate 21, which is detachably fixed to the inner wall of the discharge bin 17 by bolts. The smoke can be discharged upward through the filter plate 21, and the fibers are blocked by the filter plate 21 and fall down and are discharged from the discharge port 18.
  • the fiber baffle 22 and the filter plate 21 can also be provided at the same time.
  • the filter plate 21 is disposed above the fiber baffle 22 , and the fibers that cannot be blocked by the fiber baffle 22 are blocked by the filter plate 21 for a second time.
  • a closable material taking port is provided on the side wall of the material discharging bin 17, and the material taking port is located on the side opposite to the connecting hole 16.
  • An openable sealed door body is connected to the material taking port, and the function of the material taking port is to open the door body of the material taking port when the rotary kiln 12 is not discharging smoothly, and the fiber is hooked out by a tool such as a hook.
  • the material taking port is arranged on the side opposite to the connecting hole 16, which can facilitate the hooking of the material.
  • a control valve is provided at the discharge port 18 of the discharge bin 17 .
  • the entire device is of movable design, and a plurality of steering wheels may be provided at the lower end of the base 19, specifically 6 steering wheels may be provided to ensure stability.
  • the steering wheel also has a parking function.
  • the parking structure can be a support column with a jack structure or a hydraulic cylinder structure provided next to each steering wheel, which is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.
  • the rotary kiln 12 is made of 304 stainless steel, which is resistant to high temperature and corrosion.
  • the device is also provided with a control system for controlling the rotation speed, rotation time, start and stop, opening and closing of each control valve, temperature monitoring, etc. of the rotary kiln 12.
  • the control system is installed at the feeding pipe 3 of the device for easy operation. Or it can be installed at other suitable locations that do not affect the operation of the device.
  • the structure and principle of the control system are prior art and will not be described in detail in this case.
  • the disclosed embodiment provides a wind turbine blade recycling method, which utilizes the above-mentioned horizontal wind turbine blade recycling reaction device and includes the following steps S1-S4.
  • the divided wind turbine blades are charged into the rotary kiln 12 from the charging port 1, and then the charging port 1 is closed, and flue gas is introduced into the rotary kiln 12 from the air inlet 2.
  • the wind turbine blades are cut into a rectangular shape with a length of 20 to 40 cm and a width of 15 to 40 cm.
  • the black carbon block gradually turns white to form a black and white block-like object, and carbon dioxide is generated. Take materials from the sampling port of the rotary kiln 12 regularly to observe the reaction status.
  • the rotation speed of the rotary kiln 12 is adjusted in the range of 0.5-5 r/min.
  • the waste blades are subjected to low-temperature pyrolysis using the flue gas from a thermal power plant, and high-quality fibers are recovered by separation.
  • the waste solid (charcoal), waste liquid (high boiling point organic matter) and waste gas produced by pyrolysis are directly sent to the boiler system of the thermal power plant to recover heat and purify the tail gas.
  • This technology draws out the bypass flue gas from the thermal power plant and regulates its parameters to cause the blades to undergo a controllable pyrolysis and oxidation reaction to obtain high-value-added glass fiber or carbon fiber.
  • the exhaust gas returns to the power plant boiler system for purification and has ultra-low emissions, thereby achieving clean and efficient recycling of wind turbine blades.
  • the dedicated horizontal recovery reaction device of the disclosed embodiment can accurately monitor the flue gas parameters, and the blade pyrolysis reaction is carried out in steps to achieve controllable pyrolysis oxidation and 100% fiber recovery. Due to the use of the furnace body rotation method and the addition of a labyrinth baffle structure, the flue gas short circuit is avoided, the heat exchange efficiency between the hot flue gas and the material of the power plant is enhanced, and the material can be turned and stirred evenly by adjusting the rotation speed.
  • a horizontal wind turbine blade recovery reaction device includes: a support base, a rotary kiln 12, a feeding pipe 3 and a discharge bin 17.
  • the rotary kiln 12 is used to hold wind turbine blades to be pyrolyzed
  • the feeding pipe 3 is used to feed wind turbine blades into the rotary kiln 12 and introduce hot flue gas
  • the discharge bin 17 is used to discharge fibers and flue gas formed after pyrolysis.
  • the rotary kiln 12 is horizontally arranged and rotates along the horizontal axis.
  • the left end face of the rotary kiln 12 is the inlet end face, and the right end face of the rotary kiln 12 is the outlet end face.
  • the inlet end face is connected to a feed pipe 6, and the outlet end face is connected to a discharge pipe 13.
  • a cavity for accommodating wind turbine blades is formed inside the rotary kiln 12.
  • a spiral guide mechanism and four deflection baffles 11 are provided in the cavity.
  • the spiral guide mechanism is a threaded guide plate provided on the inner wall of the cavity.
  • baffle plates 11 are staggered and fixed at the gaps of the threaded guide plates to form a multi-channel labyrinth baffle structure, so that the flue gas and the wind turbine blades are fully in contact and react evenly.
  • the rotary kiln 12 is provided with an inspection flange 8 along the longitudinal section.
  • the inspection flange 8 is located near the feed pipe 6 , so that the rotary kiln 12 can be repaired more conveniently in the later stage.
  • the shell of the rotary kiln 12 is filled with a thermal insulation layer of ceramic fibers. Due to the excellent thermal insulation performance and extremely low heat capacity of ceramic fibers, the energy consumption and surface temperature of the equipment can be greatly reduced, and a significant energy-saving effect can be achieved.
  • the support seat is used to support the rotary kiln 12.
  • the support seat includes a base 19 and a support frame 20.
  • Each support frame 20 is equipped with a support wheel 5.
  • the two support frames 20 are respectively supported on the feed pipe 6 and the discharge pipe 13.
  • the feed pipe 6 is connected to the rotating drive device through a transmission sprocket 7.
  • the rotary drive device includes a motor and a reducer, the output end of the motor is connected to the input end of the reducer, the output end of the reducer is connected to the sprocket, and drives the sprocket to rotate, thereby driving the rotary kiln 12 to rotate.
  • a sampling port is provided on the wall of the rotary furnace 12. During the pyrolysis process of the wind turbine blades, materials are taken from the sampling port at regular intervals. The reaction state of the wind turbine blades is observed to adjust the temperature of the flue gas introduced and the pyrolysis time. It should be noted that since the cavity of the rotary kiln 12 is under negative pressure, the flue gas in the rotary kiln 12 will not escape when sampling.
  • the sampling port is designed as a double valve channel structure, specifically, a sampling pipe 25 is connected to the sampling port, a first control valve 24 is arranged at the inner position of the sampling pipe 25, a second control valve 23 is arranged at the outer position of the sampling pipe 25, and a cavity for sampling is formed between the first control valve 24 and the second control valve 23.
  • This can prevent external air from entering the rotary kiln 12 during sampling, thereby causing the temperature in the rotary kiln 12 to drop or more wind turbine blades to flow out.
  • the specific operation process is as follows: rotate the rotary kiln 12 to turn the sampling port to the middle and lower part or the bottom position, first open the first control valve 24, let the wind turbine blade fall into the cavity for sampling, then close the first control valve 24, then open the second control valve 23, take out the wind turbine blade sample, and close the second control valve 23.
  • a plurality of knocking devices 10 are provided on the outer wall of the rotary kiln 12 to knock down the wind turbine blades attached to the inner wall of the rotary kiln 12 during the reaction process.
  • the feeding pipe 3 is arranged horizontally, and the left end of the feeding pipe 3 is the feeding port 1.
  • the right end of the feeding pipe 3 is horizontally connected to the feeding pipe 6 of the rotary kiln 12 through the first rotating joint 4.
  • the side wall of the feeding pipe 3 is provided with an air inlet 2.
  • the function of the first rotating joint 4 is to ensure that the feeding pipe 3 is stationary when the rotary kiln 12 rotates.
  • the first rotating joint 4 plays a role similar to that of a bearing.
  • the air inlet 2 is arranged above the feeding pipe 3 and is connected to an air inlet pipe for introducing hot flue gas.
  • a control valve is provided on the air inlet pipe.
  • the feeding port 1 is used to feed the wind turbine blades to be pyrolyzed.
  • a sealing door body that can be opened and closed is provided at the feeding port 1.
  • the feeding port 1 When feeding, the feeding port 1 is opened, and the wind turbine blades to be pyrolyzed are conveyed to the rotary kiln 12 by a small conveyor.
  • thermocouple 9 is inserted from the feeding pipe 3 into the rotary kiln 12 for monitoring the temperature inside the rotary kiln 12 .
  • the discharge bin 17 is arranged in a vertical direction, and an exhaust port 15 is provided at the upper end of the discharge bin 17 for discharging the smoke after the reaction.
  • a discharge port 18 is provided at the lower end of the discharge bin 17 for discharging the fiber after pyrolysis.
  • a connecting hole 16 is provided on the left wall of the discharge bin 17 for connecting to the discharge port at the right end of the rotary kiln 12. The connecting hole 16 is connected to the discharge port of the rotary kiln 12 through the second rotary joint 14.
  • the function of the second rotary joint 14 is to ensure that the discharge bin 17 is stationary when the rotary kiln 12 rotates, and the second rotary joint 14 plays a role similar to that of a bearing.
  • the first rotary joint 4 and the second rotary joint 14 are both made of high temperature resistant material to prevent deformation due to high temperature after long-term use.
  • the discharge bin 17 is provided with a plurality of staggered fiber baffles 22 above the connection hole 16 , which are used to block the fibers mixed in the smoke during the exhaust process to prevent the fibers from being discharged along with the smoke.
  • the fiber baffles 22 are fixed on the inner wall of the discharge bin 17.
  • the fiber baffles 22 are staggered and inclined to form a baffle structure, and the fibers can be blocked and fall by the fiber baffles 22.
  • the inner side of each fiber baffle 22 is inclined downward at a certain angle, so that the blocked fibers can slide down along the inclined surface.
  • the side wall of the discharge bin 17 is provided with a closable material taking port, which is located on the side opposite to the connecting hole 16.
  • the material taking port is connected to an openable sealing door body, and the function of the material taking port is to open the material taking port when the rotary kiln 12 is not discharging smoothly.
  • the material taking port is arranged on the side opposite to the connecting hole 16, which is convenient for hooking the material.
  • the material dropping port 18 of the material discharging bin 17 is provided with a control valve.
  • the whole device is designed to be movable, and 6 steering wheels can be arranged at the lower end of the base 19 to ensure stability.
  • the steering wheels also have a parking function.
  • the parking structure can be a support column with a jack structure or a hydraulic cylinder structure arranged next to each steering wheel. This is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.
  • the rotary kiln 12 is made of 304 stainless steel, which is resistant to high temperature and corrosion.
  • the device is also provided with a control system for controlling the rotation speed, rotation time, start and stop, opening and closing of each control valve, temperature monitoring, etc. of the rotary kiln 12.
  • the control system is installed at the feeding pipe 3 of the device for easy operation. Or it can be installed at other suitable locations that do not affect the operation of the device.
  • the structure and principle of the control system are prior art and will not be described in detail in this case.
  • Another aspect of the disclosed embodiment provides a wind turbine blade recycling method, using the above-mentioned horizontal wind turbine blade recycling reaction device, comprising the following steps:
  • the black carbon block gradually turns white to form a black and white block, and generates carbon dioxide, taking materials from the sampling port of the rotary kiln 12 at regular intervals to observe the reaction state;
  • the rotation speed of the rotary kiln 12 in the present method is adjusted in the range of 0.5-5 r/min.
  • a horizontal wind turbine blade recovery reaction device includes: a support base, a rotary kiln 12, a feeding pipe 3 and a discharge bin 17.
  • the rotary kiln 12 is used to hold wind turbine blades to be pyrolyzed
  • the feeding pipe 3 is used to feed wind turbine blades into the rotary kiln 12 and introduce hot flue gas
  • the discharge bin 17 is used to discharge fibers and flue gas formed after pyrolysis.
  • the rotary kiln 12 is arranged horizontally and rotates along the horizontal axis.
  • the left end face of the rotary kiln 12 is the inlet end face, and the right end face of the rotary kiln 12 is the outlet end face.
  • the inlet end face is connected with a feed pipe 6, and the outlet end face is connected with a discharge pipe 13.
  • a cavity for accommodating wind turbine blades is formed inside the rotary kiln 12.
  • a spiral material guide mechanism and four baffles 11 are arranged in the cavity.
  • the spiral material guide mechanism is a threaded material guide plate arranged on the inner wall of the cavity.
  • baffle plates 11 are staggered and fixed at the gaps of the threaded guide plates to form a multi-channel labyrinth baffle structure, so that the flue gas and the wind turbine blades are fully in contact and react evenly.
  • the rotary kiln 12 is provided with an inspection flange 8 along the longitudinal section.
  • the inspection flange 8 is located near the feed pipe 6 , so that the rotary kiln 12 can be repaired more conveniently in the later stage.
  • the shell of the rotary kiln 12 is filled with a thermal insulation layer of ceramic fibers. Due to the excellent thermal insulation performance and extremely low heat capacity of ceramic fibers, the energy consumption and surface temperature of the equipment can be greatly reduced, and a significant energy-saving effect can be achieved.
  • the support seat is used to support the rotary kiln 12.
  • the support seat includes a base 19 and a support frame 20.
  • Each support frame 20 is equipped with a support wheel 5.
  • the two support frames 20 are respectively supported on the feed pipe 6 and the discharge pipe 13.
  • the feed pipe 6 is connected to the rotating drive device through a transmission sprocket 7.
  • the rotary drive device includes a motor and a reducer, the output end of the motor is connected to the input end of the reducer, the output end of the reducer is connected to the sprocket, and drives the sprocket to rotate, thereby driving the rotary kiln 12 to rotate.
  • a sampling port is provided on the wall of the rotary furnace 12. During the pyrolysis process of the wind turbine blades, materials are taken from the sampling port at regular intervals to observe the reaction state of the wind turbine blades so as to adjust the temperature of the flue gas introduced and the pyrolysis time. It should be noted that since the cavity of the rotary furnace 12 is under negative pressure, the flue gas in the rotary furnace 12 will not escape when sampling.
  • the sampling port is designed as a double valve channel structure, specifically, a sampling pipe 25 is connected to the sampling port, a first control valve 24 is arranged at the inner position of the sampling pipe 25, a second control valve 23 is arranged at the outer position of the sampling pipe 25, and a cavity for sampling is formed between the first control valve 24 and the second control valve 23.
  • This can prevent external air from entering the rotary kiln 12 during sampling, thereby causing the temperature in the rotary kiln 12 to drop or more wind turbine blades to flow out.
  • the specific operation process is as follows: rotate the rotary kiln 12 to turn the sampling port to the middle and lower part or the bottom position, first open the first control valve 24, let the wind turbine blade fall into the cavity for sampling, then close the first control valve 24, then open the second control valve 23, take out the wind turbine blade sample, and close the second control valve 23.
  • a plurality of knocking devices 10 are provided on the outer wall of the rotary kiln 12 to knock down the wind turbine blades attached to the inner wall of the rotary kiln 12 during the reaction process.
  • the feeding pipe 3 is arranged horizontally, and the left end of the feeding pipe 3 is the feeding port 1.
  • the right end of the feeding pipe 3 is horizontally connected to the feeding pipe 6 of the rotary kiln 12 through the first rotating joint 4.
  • the side wall of the feeding pipe 3 is provided with an air inlet 2.
  • the function of the first rotating joint 4 is to ensure that the feeding pipe 3 is stationary when the rotary kiln 12 rotates.
  • the first rotating joint 4 plays a role similar to a bearing.
  • the air inlet 2 is arranged above the feeding pipe 3 and is connected to an air inlet pipe for introducing hot flue gas.
  • a control valve is provided on the air inlet pipe.
  • the feeding port 1 is used to feed the wind turbine blades to be pyrolyzed.
  • a sealing door body that can be opened and closed is provided at the feeding port 1.
  • the feeding port 1 When feeding, the feeding port 1 is opened, and the wind turbine blades to be pyrolyzed are conveyed to the rotary kiln 12 by a small conveyor.
  • thermocouple 9 is inserted from the feeding pipe 3 into the rotary kiln 12 for monitoring the temperature inside the rotary kiln 12 .
  • the discharge bin 17 is arranged vertically, and an exhaust port 15 is provided at the upper end of the discharge bin 17 for discharging the flue gas after the reaction.
  • the lower end of the discharge bin 17 is provided with a discharge port 18 for discharging the pyrolyzed fibers.
  • the left wall of the discharge bin 17 is provided with a connection hole 16 for connecting to the discharge port at the right end of the rotary kiln 12.
  • the connection hole 16 is connected to the discharge port of the rotary kiln 12 through the second rotary joint 14.
  • the function of the second rotary joint 14 is to ensure that the discharge bin 17 is stationary when the rotary kiln 12 rotates.
  • the second rotary joint 14 plays a role similar to a bearing.
  • the first rotary joint 4 and the second rotary joint 14 are both made of high temperature resistant material to prevent deformation due to high temperature after long-term use.
  • the discharge bin 17 is provided with a plurality of staggered fiber baffles 22 at a position above the connection hole 16, which are used to block the fibers mixed in the smoke during the exhaust process to prevent the fibers from being discharged along with the smoke.
  • the fiber baffles 22 are fixed on the inner wall of the discharge bin 17.
  • the fiber baffles 22 are staggered and inclined to form a baffle structure, and the fibers can be blocked by the fiber baffles 22 and fall down.
  • the inner side of each fiber baffle 22 is tilted downward at a certain angle, so that the blocked fibers can slide down along the inclined surface.
  • a filter plate 21 is also installed above the fiber baffle 22.
  • the filter plate 21 is detachably fixed to the inner wall of the discharge bin 17 by bolts, and the fibers that cannot be blocked by the fiber baffle 22 are blocked by the filter plate 21 for a second time.
  • the smoke can be discharged upward through the filter plate 21, and the fibers are blocked by the filter plate 21 and fall onto the inclined fiber baffle 22, and finally discharged from the drop port 18.
  • the side wall of the discharge bin 17 is provided with a material taking port which can be opened and closed, and the material taking port is located on the side opposite to the connecting hole 16.
  • the material taking port is connected with an openable sealed door body, and the function of the material taking port is: when the rotary kiln 12 is not discharging smoothly, the door body of the material taking port is opened, and the fiber is hooked out by a tool such as a hook.
  • the material taking port is arranged on the side opposite to the connecting hole 16, which is convenient for hooking.
  • a control valve is provided at the material dropping port 18 of the discharge bin 17.
  • the whole device is designed to be movable, and 6 steering wheels can be arranged at the lower end of the base 19 to ensure stability.
  • the steering wheels also have a parking function.
  • the parking structure can be a support column with a jack structure or a hydraulic cylinder structure arranged next to each steering wheel. This is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.
  • the rotary kiln 12 is made of 304 stainless steel, which is resistant to high temperature and corrosion.
  • the device is also provided with a control system for controlling the rotation speed, rotation time, start and stop, opening and closing of each control valve, temperature monitoring, etc. of the rotary kiln 12.
  • the control system is installed at the feeding pipe 3 of the device for easy operation. Or it can be installed at other suitable locations that do not affect the operation of the device.
  • the structure and principle of the control system are prior art and will not be described in detail in this case.
  • Another aspect of the disclosed embodiment provides a wind turbine blade recycling method, using the above-mentioned horizontal wind turbine blade recycling reaction device, comprising the following steps:
  • the black carbon block gradually turns white to form a black and white block, and generates carbon dioxide, taking materials from the sampling port of the rotary kiln 12 at regular intervals to observe the reaction state;
  • the rotation speed of the rotary kiln 12 in the present method is adjusted in the range of 0.5-5r/min.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • a feature defined as “first” or “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.
  • “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined.
  • installed installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances.
  • a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium.
  • a first feature being “above”, “above” or “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • a first feature being “below”, “below” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
  • the terms “one embodiment”, “some embodiments”, “examples”, “specific examples”, or “some examples” mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure.
  • the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
  • the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.
  • those skilled in the art may refer to the present disclosure in any suitable manner without any contradiction.
  • the different embodiments or examples described in the book as well as the features of the different embodiments or examples are combined and combined.

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Abstract

公开了一种风电叶片卧式回收反应装置及风电叶片回收方法，所述风电叶片卧式回收反应装置包括回转炉、投料管和出料仓，回转炉内设有螺旋导料机构以及若干个折流挡板。投料管的一端为投料口，投料管的侧壁开设有进风口。出料仓竖直方向设置，出料仓的上端开设有排气口，出料仓的下端开设有落料口，出料仓的侧壁连接于回转炉的出料口，出料仓内设有纤维阻挡装置。

Description

一种风电叶片卧式回收反应装置及风电叶片回收方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2022年10月27日在中国提交的中国专利申请号2022113304122的优先权，其全部内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及风电叶片回收技术领域，具体涉及一种风电叶片卧式回收反应装置及风电叶片回收方法。
背景技术
废旧风电叶片是一种高附加值的工业固废，其主要材质是玻纤或碳纤增强的环氧树脂复合材料。随着国内首批投运风电机组达到服役年限，大量废旧叶片需要处理。目前，废旧叶片的处理方式主要是填埋，但随着环保政策的日趋严格，该方式将被禁止。热解是一种新型的树脂基复合材料回收方法，通常是在特定气氛及高温作用下(≥850℃)将复合材料基体树脂转化为气态小分子化合物而回收附加值较高的增强纤维，实现资源化利用。由于风电叶片的主要材质为玻璃钢，该法可用于风电叶片的回收，具有易规模化的特点，但在处理废旧叶片时存在能耗高、烟气换热不充分导致热解不均匀、回收纤维品质低以及纤维回收率低等问题。因此，开发新型的风电叶片热解回收装置显得尤为重要与必要。
发明内容
本公开实施例提供一种风电叶片卧式回收反应装置，解决了热解过程中烟气换热不充分而导致的热解不均匀的问题，以及风电叶片纤维回收率低的问题，还提供了一种风电叶片回收方法，解决了风电叶片热解时能耗高和回收纤维品质低的问题。
本公开实施例一方面提出一种风电叶片卧式回收反应装置，包括：回转炉、投料管和出料仓，所述回转炉水平设置并沿水平轴向旋转，回转炉的左右两端面分别为进口端面和出口端面，进口端面上连接有进料管，出口端面上连接有出料管，回转炉内部形成容纳风电叶片的腔体，腔体内设有螺旋导料机构以及若干个折流挡板，折流挡板交错设置在腔体内壁上；
所述投料管水平设置，投料管的一端为投料口，投料管的另一端通过第一旋转接头水平连接于回转炉的进料管，投料管的侧壁开设有进风口；
所述出料仓竖直方向设置，出料仓的上端开设有排气口，出料仓的下端开设有落料口， 出料仓的侧壁开设有连接孔，连接孔处通过第二旋转接头连接于回转炉的出料口，出料仓在位于连接孔上方位置设有纤维阻挡装置。
本公开实施例提供的风电叶片卧式回收反应装置，采用回转炉结构且增加了折流挡板，避免了烟气短路的情况，增强了电厂热烟气与物料的换热效率，热解反应更加均匀和充分。
本公开实施例中，通过对出料仓的设计，使得纤维不会从出风口随着烟气向外排出，提高纤维的回收率，使得纤维100％回收。
在一些实施例中，所述纤维阻挡装置包括若干个交错设置的纤维挡板，纤维挡板固定在出料仓的内壁上。纤维挡板可交错设置，形成折流结构，纤维可被纤维挡板阻挡而落下。
在一些实施例中，所述纤维阻挡装置还可以包括过滤板，过滤板可拆卸固定在出料仓的内壁上。过滤板通过螺栓可拆卸固定在出料仓的内壁上，烟气可通过过滤板向上排出，纤维被过滤板阻拦后下落，从落料口排出。
在一些实施例中，所述回转炉的壁面上开设有取样口。在风电叶片的热解过程中，定时从取样口中取料，观察风电叶片的反应状态，以调整通入烟气的温度和热解时间。
在一些实施例中，所述回转炉的外壁面上设有若干个敲打装置。用于将反应过程中贴合在回转炉内壁的风电叶片通过敲打落下。
在一些实施例中，所述出料仓的侧壁上开设有可启闭的取料口，取料口位于连接孔相对的一侧。当回转炉出料不顺畅时，打开取料口的门体，通过如钩子等工具将纤维钩出。将取料口设于连接孔相对的一侧，可便于钩料。
在一些实施例中，所述回转炉的壳体内填充有隔热层。在一些实施例中，隔热层的材质选用陶瓷纤维，由于陶瓷纤维优异的隔热性能和极低的热容，能大大降低设备能耗及表面温度，具有明显的节能效果。
在一些实施例中，还包括用于支撑回转炉的支撑座，所述支撑座包括底座和支撑架，支撑架设有两个，每个支撑架上安装有托轮，两个支撑架分别支撑于进料管和出料管，进料管上通过传动链轮连接旋转驱动装置。
在一些实施例中，所述回转炉沿纵截面安装有检修法兰，检修法兰位于靠近进料管的位置。使得后期对回转炉维修更加方便。
本公开实施例另一方面提出一种风电叶片回收方法，利用上述的风电叶片卧式回收反应装置，包括如下步骤：
S1，将分割好的风电叶片从投料口投装进入回转炉内，然后关闭投料口，从进风口向回转炉内通入烟气；
S2，调节通入烟气的温度为250℃～400℃，持续时间为30～60min，风电叶片逐渐转化为黑色炭块；
S3，调节通入烟气的温度为400℃～550℃，持续时间为60～150min，黑色炭块逐渐变白，形成黑白相间的块状物体，并生成二氧化碳，定时从回转炉的取样口中取料，观察反应状态；和
S4，开启回转炉的旋转驱动装置，正转回转炉，使回转炉内的风电叶片滚动，持续时间为45～100min，黑白相间的块状物体转化为纤维，停止通入烟气，反转回转炉，将纤维从出料仓卸出。
本公开的有益效果为：
(1)本公开实施例提供的风电叶片卧式回收反应装置，采用回转炉结构且增加了折流挡板，避免了烟气短路的情况，增强了电厂热烟气与物料的换热效率，热解反应更加均匀和充分；
(2)本公开实施例中，通过对出料仓的设计，使得纤维不会从出风口随着烟气向外排出，提高纤维的回收率，使得纤维100％回收；
(3)本公开实施例提供的风电叶片的回收方法，实现可控热解氧化，降低热解需要产生的能耗，使热解充分均匀，提高回收的纤维品质。
附图说明
本公开上述的和/或附加的方面和优点从下面结合附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，
其中：
图1为本公开实施例中的风电叶片卧式回收反应装置的结构示意图；
图2为图1的俯视图；
图3为图1的侧视图；
图4为图1中的回转炉的取样口的结构示意图；
图5为实施例1中出料仓的内部结构示意图；
图6为实施例2中出料仓的内部结构示意图；
附图标记：
1-投料口；2-进风口；3-投料管；4-第一旋转接头；5-托轮；6-进料管；7-传动链轮；8-检修法兰；9-热电偶；10-敲打装置；11-折流挡板；12-回转炉；13-出料管；14-第二旋转接头；15-排气口；16-连接孔；17-出料仓；18-落料口；19-底座；20-支撑架；21-过滤板；22-纤维挡板；23-第二控制阀；24-第一控制阀；25-取样管道。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本公开的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本公开，而不能理解为对本公开的限制。
下面参考附图描述本公开实施例的风电叶片卧式回收反应装置。
如图1～3所示，本公开实施例一方面提出一种风电叶片卧式回收反应装置，包括：回转炉12、投料管3和出料仓17，回转炉12用于盛装待热解的风电叶片，投料管3用于向回转炉12内投放风电叶片以及通入热烟气，出料仓17用于将热解后形成的纤维以及烟气排出。
回转炉12水平设置并沿水平轴向旋转，回转炉12的左右两端面分别为进口端面和出口端面，进口端面上连接有进料管6，出口端面上连接有出料管13，回转炉12内部形成容纳风电叶片的腔体，腔体内设有螺旋导料机构以及若干个折流挡板11，折流挡板11交错设置在腔体内壁上。螺旋导料机构未在图中标识，为现有技术，例如，螺旋导料机构可以为在腔体内壁上设置的螺纹状导料板，当回转炉12发生正转时，风电叶片在回转炉12内翻转发生热解反应，当回转炉12发生反转时，风电叶片热解后的纤维可沿着螺纹状导料板输送至出料仓17进行排料。折流挡板11交错固定在螺纹状导料板的间隙处，形成多道迷宫折流结构，使烟气和风电叶片充分接触，反应均匀。
在一些具体的实施例中，回转炉12沿纵截面安装有检修法兰8，检修法兰8位于靠近进料管6的位置，使得后期对回转炉12维修更加方便。
在一些具体的实施例中，回转炉12的壳体内填充有隔热层。
在一些具体的实施例中，隔热层为陶瓷纤维，由于陶瓷纤维优异的隔热性能和极低的热容，能大大降低设备能耗及表面温度，具有明显的节能效果。
在一些具体的实施例中，还包括支撑座，支撑座用于支撑回转炉12，支撑座包括底座19和支撑架20，支撑架20设有两个，每个支撑架20上安装有托轮5，两个支撑架20分别支撑于进料管6和出料管13，进料管6上通过传动链轮7连接旋转驱动装置。
在一些具体实施例中，旋转驱动装置包括电机和减速器，电机的输出端连接减速器的输入端，减速器的输出端连接链轮，并带动链轮转动，进而带动回转炉12转动。需要指出的是，旋转驱动装置在图中没有标识出，为现有技术，可以安装在底座19上或者其他不影响本反应装置正常使用的合适位置。
在一些具体的实施例中，回转炉12的壁面上开设有取样口，在风电叶片的热解过程中，定时从取样口中取料，观察风电叶片的反应状态，以调整通入烟气的温度和热解时间。需要说明的是，由于回转炉12腔体内是负压，所以取样时回转炉12内的烟气不会跑出来。
在一些具体的实施例中，如图4所示，取样口可设计为双阀门通道的结构，具体为在取样口处连接有一取样管道25，取样管道25的靠内部位置设置有第一控制阀24，在取样 管道25的靠外部位置设置有第二控制阀23，第一控制阀24和第二控制阀23之间形成用于取样的空腔。可防止取样时外部空气进入到回转炉12内而造成回转炉12内温度降低或风电叶片较多的流出。需要取样时，具体操作流程为：旋转回转炉12使取样口转至中下部或底部的位置，先打开第一控制阀24，使风电叶片落入到用于取样的空腔内，然后关闭第一控制阀24，再打开第二控制阀23，取出风电叶片样品，关闭第二控制阀23。
在一些具体的实施例中，回转炉12的外壁面上设有若干个敲打装置10。用于将反应过程中贴合在回转炉12内壁的风电叶片通过敲打落下。
投料管3水平设置，投料管3的一端为投料口1，投料管3的另一端通过第一旋转接头4水平连接于回转炉12的进料管6，投料管3的侧壁开设有进风口2。第一旋转接头4的作用在于，当回转炉12转动时，保证投料管3静止不动，第一旋转接头4起到类似于轴承的作用。进风口2设于投料管3的上方，连接有进风管，用于通入热烟气，进风管上设有控制阀。投料口1用于投入待热解的风电叶片。投料口1处设有可开合的密封门体。
投料时，打开投料口1，通过小型输送机将待热解的风电叶片输送至回转炉12内。
回转炉12内插入有测温装置，用于回转炉12内温度的监测。具体的，从投料管3向回转炉12内插入热电偶9。
出料仓17竖直方向设置，出料仓17的上端开设有排气口15，用于将反应后的烟气排出。出料仓17的下端开设有落料口18，用于将热解后的纤维排出。出料仓17的侧壁开设有连接孔16，用于连接回转炉12的出料口。连接孔16处通过第二旋转接头14连接于回转炉12的出料口。第二旋转接头14的作用在于，当回转炉12转动时，保证出料仓17静止不动，第二旋转接头14起到类似于轴承的作用。
在一些具体的实施例中，第一旋转接头4和第二旋转接头14均采用耐高温材质。
出料仓17在位于连接孔16上方位置设有纤维阻挡装置，用于将排气的过程中烟气夹杂的纤维进行阻挡，防止纤维随着烟气排出。
在一些具体的实施例中，如图5所示，纤维阻挡装置可包括若干个交错设置的纤维挡板22，纤维挡板22固定在出料仓17的内壁上。具体的，纤维挡板22可交错水平设置，形成折流结构，纤维可被纤维挡板22阻挡而落下。
在一些具体的实施例中，纤维挡板22可交错倾斜设置，每个纤维挡板22的朝内一侧均向下倾斜一定角度，可使被阻挡的纤维沿着倾斜面滑落。
在一些具体的实施例中，纤维阻挡装置还可包括过滤板21，过滤板21通过螺栓可拆卸固定在出料仓17的内壁上，烟气可通过过滤板21向上排出，纤维被过滤板21阻拦后下落，从落料口18排出。
在一些具体的实施例中，如图6所示，纤维挡板22和过滤板21也可以同时设置。将 过滤板21设于纤维挡板22的上方，将纤维挡板22无法阻挡的纤维由过滤板21进行二次阻挡。
在一些具体的实施例中，出料仓17的侧壁上开设有可启闭的取料口，取料口位于连接孔16相对的一侧。取料口处连接有可开启的密封门体，取料口的作用在于：当回转炉12出料不顺畅时，打开取料口的门体，通过如钩子等工具将纤维钩出。将取料口设于连接孔16相对的一侧，可便于钩料。
在一些具体的实施例中，出料仓17的落料口18处设有控制阀。
在一些具体的实施例中，整个装置为可移动式设计，可在底座19下端设置多个转向轮，具体为设置6个转向轮，可保证稳定性。
在一些具体的实施例中，转向轮还带有驻车功能。驻车结构可为在每个转向轮旁边设有带有千斤顶结构或液压缸结构的支撑柱，此为现有技术，在此不做赘述。
在一些具体的实施例中，回转炉12采用304不锈钢材质，耐高温耐腐蚀。
需要说明的是，本装置还设有控制系统，用于控制回转炉12的转速、旋转时间、启停、各控制阀的开闭、温度监控等等，控制系统安装于本装置的投料管3处，便于操作。或者安装于其他不影响本装置操作的合适位置。对于控制系统的构造及原理为现有技术，在本案中不做赘述。
本公开实施例另一方面提出一种风电叶片回收方法，利用上述的风电叶片卧式回收反应装置，包括如下步骤S1-S4。
S1，将分割好的风电叶片从投料口1投装进入回转炉12内，然后关闭投料口1，从进风口2向回转炉12内通入烟气。
在一些具体的实施例中，将风电叶片切割成长度为20～40cm，宽度为15～40cm的矩形形状。
S2，调节通入烟气的温度为250℃～400℃，持续时间为30～60min，风电叶片逐渐炭化，转化为黑色炭块。
S3，调节通入烟气的温度为400℃～550℃，持续时间为60～150min，黑色炭块逐渐变白，形成黑白相间的块状物体，并生成二氧化碳，定时从回转炉12的取样口中取料，观察反应状态。
S4，开启回转炉12的旋转驱动装置，正转回转炉12，使回转炉12内的风电叶片滚动，持续时间为45～100min，黑白相间的块状物体在外力滚动的作用下开始裂开，逐渐转化为雪白色的纤维，停止通入烟气，反转回转炉12，将纤维从出料仓17卸出。
在一些具体的实施例中，回转炉12的转速的调节范围为0.5-5r/min。
本公开实施例中，利用火电厂烟气将废旧叶片进行低温热解，通过分离回收高品质纤 维，同时将热解产生的废固(炭)、废液(高沸点有机物)和废气直接送入火电厂锅炉系统回收热量并进行尾气净化。
本技术通过引出火电厂旁路烟气并对其参数进行调控，使叶片发生可控热解氧化反应，得到高附加值的玻纤或碳纤，尾气返回电厂锅炉系统净化后超低排放，从而实现风电叶片的清洁高效回收。
本公开实施例的专用卧式回收反应装置，可精确监控烟气参数，叶片热解反应分步骤进行，实现可控热解氧化，纤维100％回收。由于采用炉体回转方式且增加了迷宫折流结构，避免了烟气短路的情况，增强了电厂热烟气与物料的换热效率，且通过调节转速大小可以将物料翻转搅拌均匀。
以下通过具体的实施例来对本公开进行进一步阐述。
实施例1
如图1～3所示，一种风电叶片卧式回收反应装置，包括：支撑座、回转炉12、投料管3和出料仓17，回转炉12用于盛装待热解的风电叶片，投料管3用于向回转炉12内投放风电叶片以及通入热烟气，出料仓17用于将热解后形成的纤维以及烟气排出。
回转炉12水平设置并沿水平轴向旋转，回转炉12的左端面为进口端面，回转炉12的右端面为出口端面，进口端面上连接有进料管6，出口端面上连接有出料管13，回转炉12内部形成容纳风电叶片的腔体，腔体内设有螺旋导料机构以及4个折流挡板11，螺旋导料机构为在腔体内壁上设置的螺纹状导料板，当回转炉12发生正转时，风电叶片在回转炉12内翻转发生热解反应，当回转炉12发生反转时，风电叶片热解后的纤维可沿着螺纹状导料板输送至出料仓17进行排料。
折流挡板11交错固定在螺纹状导料板的间隙处，形成多道迷宫折流结构，使烟气和风电叶片充分接触，反应均匀。
回转炉12沿纵截面安装有检修法兰8，检修法兰8位于靠近进料管6的位置，使得后期对回转炉12维修更加方便。
回转炉12的壳体内填充有陶瓷纤维的隔热层。由于陶瓷纤维优异的隔热性能和极低的热容，能大大降低设备能耗及表面温度，具有明显的节能效果。
支撑座用于支撑回转炉12，支撑座包括底座19和支撑架20，支撑架20设有两个，每个支撑架20上安装有托轮5，两个支撑架20分别支撑于进料管6和出料管13，进料管6上通过传动链轮7连接旋转驱动装置。
旋转驱动装置包括电机和减速器，电机的输出端连接减速器的输入端，减速器的输出端连接链轮，并带动链轮转动，进而带动回转炉12转动。
回转炉12的壁面上开设有取样口，在风电叶片的热解过程中，定时从取样口中取料， 观察风电叶片的反应状态，以调整通入烟气的温度和热解时间。需要说明的是，由于回转炉12腔体内是负压，所以取样时回转炉12内的烟气不会跑出来。
如图4所示，取样口设计为双阀门通道的结构，具体为在取样口处连接有一取样管道25，取样管道25的靠内部位置设置有第一控制阀24，在取样管道25的靠外部位置设置有第二控制阀23，第一控制阀24和第二控制阀23之间形成用于取样的空腔。可防止取样时外部空气进入到回转炉12内而造成回转炉12内温度降低或风电叶片较多的流出。需要取样时，具体操作流程为：旋转回转炉12使取样口转至中下部或底部的位置，先打开第一控制阀24，使风电叶片落入到用于取样的空腔内，然后关闭第一控制阀24，再打开第二控制阀23，取出风电叶片样品，关闭第二控制阀23。
回转炉12的外壁面上设有若干个敲打装置10。用于将反应过程中贴合在回转炉12内壁的风电叶片通过敲打落下。
投料管3水平设置，投料管3的左端为投料口1，投料管3的右端通过第一旋转接头4水平连接于回转炉12的进料管6，投料管3的侧壁开设有进风口2。第一旋转接头4的作用在于，当回转炉12转动时，保证投料管3静止不动，第一旋转接头4起到类似于轴承的作用。进风口2设于投料管3的上方，连接有进风管，用于通入热烟气，进风管上设有控制阀。投料口1用于投入待热解的风电叶片。投料口1处设有可开合的密封门体。
投料时，打开投料口1，通过小型输送机将待热解的风电叶片输送至回转炉12内。
从投料管3向回转炉12内插入热电偶9，用于回转炉12内温度的监测。
出料仓17竖直方向设置，出料仓17的上端开设有排气口15，用于将反应后的烟气排出。出料仓17的下端开设有落料口18，用于将热解后的纤维排出。出料仓17的左侧壁开设有连接孔16，用于连接回转炉12右端的出料口。连接孔16处通过第二旋转接头14连接于回转炉12的出料口。第二旋转接头14的作用在于，当回转炉12转动时，保证出料仓17静止不动，第二旋转接头14起到类似于轴承的作用。
第一旋转接头4和第二旋转接头14均采用耐高温材质，防止使用时间久了由于高温而发生变形。
如图5所示，出料仓17在位于连接孔16上方位置设有若干个交错设置的纤维挡板22，用于将排气的过程中烟气夹杂的纤维进行阻挡，防止纤维随着烟气排出。
纤维挡板22固定在出料仓17的内壁上。纤维挡板22交错倾斜设置，形成折流结构，纤维可被纤维挡板22阻挡而落下。每个纤维挡板22的朝内一侧均向下倾斜一定角度，可使被阻挡的纤维沿着倾斜面滑落。
出料仓17的侧壁上开设有可启闭的取料口，取料口位于连接孔16相对的一侧。取料口处连接有可开启的密封门体，取料口的作用在于：当回转炉12出料不顺畅时，打开取料 口的门体，通过如钩子等工具将纤维钩出。将取料口设于连接孔16相对的一侧，可便于钩料。出料仓17的落料口18处设有控制阀。
整个装置为可移动式设计，可在底座19下端设置6个转向轮，可保证稳定性。转向轮还带有驻车功能。驻车结构可为在每个转向轮旁边设有带有千斤顶结构或液压缸结构的支撑柱，此为现有技术，在此不做赘述。
回转炉12采用304不锈钢材质，耐高温耐腐蚀。
本装置还设有控制系统，用于控制回转炉12的转速、旋转时间、启停、各控制阀的开闭、温度监控等等，控制系统安装于本装置的投料管3处，便于操作。或者安装于其他不影响本装置操作的合适位置。对于控制系统的构造及原理为现有技术，在本案中不做赘述。
本公开实施例另一方面提出一种风电叶片回收方法，利用上述的风电叶片卧式回收反应装置，包括如下步骤：
S1，将风电叶片切割成长度为20～40cm，宽度为15～40cm的矩形形状。将切割好的风电叶片从投料口1投装进入回转炉12内，然后关闭投料口1，从进风口2向回转炉12内通入烟气；
S2，调节通入烟气的温度为250℃～400℃，持续时间为30～60min，风电叶片逐渐炭化，转化为黑色炭块；
S3，调节通入烟气的温度为400℃～550℃，持续时间为60～150min，黑色炭块逐渐变白，形成黑白相间的块状物体，并生成二氧化碳，定时从回转炉12的取样口中取料，观察反应状态；和
S4，开启回转炉12的旋转驱动装置，正转回转炉12，使回转炉12内的风电叶片滚动，持续时间为45～100min，黑白相间的块状物体在外力滚动的作用下开始裂开，逐渐转化为雪白色的纤维，停止通入烟气，反转回转炉12，将纤维从出料仓17卸出。
其中，本方法中的回转炉12的转速的调节范围为0.5-5r/min。
实施例2
如图1～3所示，一种风电叶片卧式回收反应装置，包括：支撑座、回转炉12、投料管3和出料仓17，回转炉12用于盛装待热解的风电叶片，投料管3用于向回转炉12内投放风电叶片以及通入热烟气，出料仓17用于将热解后形成的纤维以及烟气排出。
回转炉12水平设置并沿水平轴向旋转，回转炉12的左端面为进口端面，回转炉12的右端面为出口端面，进口端面上连接有进料管6，出口端面上连接有出料管13，回转炉12内部形成容纳风电叶片的腔体，腔体内设有螺旋导料机构以及4个折流挡板11，螺旋导料机构为在腔体内壁上设置的螺纹状导料板，当回转炉12发生正转时，风电叶片在回转炉12内翻转发生热解反应，当回转炉12发生反转时，风电叶片热解后的纤维可沿着螺纹状 导料板输送至出料仓17进行排料。
折流挡板11交错固定在螺纹状导料板的间隙处，形成多道迷宫折流结构，使烟气和风电叶片充分接触，反应均匀。
回转炉12沿纵截面安装有检修法兰8，检修法兰8位于靠近进料管6的位置，使得后期对回转炉12维修更加方便。
回转炉12的壳体内填充有陶瓷纤维的隔热层。由于陶瓷纤维优异的隔热性能和极低的热容，能大大降低设备能耗及表面温度，具有明显的节能效果。
支撑座用于支撑回转炉12，支撑座包括底座19和支撑架20，支撑架20设有两个，每个支撑架20上安装有托轮5，两个支撑架20分别支撑于进料管6和出料管13，进料管6上通过传动链轮7连接旋转驱动装置。
旋转驱动装置包括电机和减速器，电机的输出端连接减速器的输入端，减速器的输出端连接链轮，并带动链轮转动，进而带动回转炉12转动。
回转炉12的壁面上开设有取样口，在风电叶片的热解过程中，定时从取样口中取料，观察风电叶片的反应状态，以调整通入烟气的温度和热解时间。需要说明的是，由于回转炉12腔体内是负压，所以取样时回转炉12内的烟气不会跑出来。
如图4所示，取样口设计为双阀门通道的结构，具体为在取样口处连接有一取样管道25，取样管道25的靠内部位置设置有第一控制阀24，在取样管道25的靠外部位置设置有第二控制阀23，第一控制阀24和第二控制阀23之间形成用于取样的空腔。可防止取样时外部空气进入到回转炉12内而造成回转炉12内温度降低或风电叶片较多的流出。需要取样时，具体操作流程为：旋转回转炉12使取样口转至中下部或底部的位置，先打开第一控制阀24，使风电叶片落入到用于取样的空腔内，然后关闭第一控制阀24，再打开第二控制阀23，取出风电叶片样品，关闭第二控制阀23。
回转炉12的外壁面上设有若干个敲打装置10。用于将反应过程中贴合在回转炉12内壁的风电叶片通过敲打落下。
投料管3水平设置，投料管3的左端为投料口1，投料管3的右端通过第一旋转接头4水平连接于回转炉12的进料管6，投料管3的侧壁开设有进风口2。第一旋转接头4的作用在于，当回转炉12转动时，保证投料管3静止不动，第一旋转接头4起到类似于轴承的作用。进风口2设于投料管3的上方，连接有进风管，用于通入热烟气，进风管上设有控制阀。投料口1用于投入待热解的风电叶片。投料口1处设有可开合的密封门体。
投料时，打开投料口1，通过小型输送机将待热解的风电叶片输送至回转炉12内。
从投料管3向回转炉12内插入热电偶9，用于回转炉12内温度的监测。
出料仓17竖直方向设置，出料仓17的上端开设有排气口15，用于将反应后的烟气排 出。出料仓17的下端开设有落料口18，用于将热解后的纤维排出。出料仓17的左侧壁开设有连接孔16，用于连接回转炉12右端的出料口。连接孔16处通过第二旋转接头14连接于回转炉12的出料口。第二旋转接头14的作用在于，当回转炉12转动时，保证出料仓17静止不动，第二旋转接头14起到类似于轴承的作用。
第一旋转接头4和第二旋转接头14均采用耐高温材质，防止使用时间久了由于高温而发生变形。
出料仓17在位于连接孔16上方位置设有若干个交错设置的纤维挡板22，用于将排气的过程中烟气夹杂的纤维进行阻挡，防止纤维随着烟气排出。
如图6所示，纤维挡板22固定在出料仓17的内壁上。纤维挡板22交错倾斜设置，形成折流结构，纤维可被纤维挡板22阻挡而落下。每个纤维挡板22的朝内一侧均向下倾斜一定角度，可使被阻挡的纤维沿着倾斜面滑落。
纤维挡板22的上方还安装有过滤板21，过滤板21通过螺栓可拆卸固定在出料仓17的内壁上，将纤维挡板22无法阻挡的纤维由过滤板21进行二次阻挡。烟气可通过过滤板21向上排出，纤维被过滤板21阻拦后下落至倾斜的纤维挡板22上，最终从落料口18排出。
出料仓17的侧壁上开设有可启闭的取料口，取料口位于连接孔16相对的一侧。取料口处连接有可开启的密封门体，取料口的作用在于：当回转炉12出料不顺畅时，打开取料口的门体，通过如钩子等工具将纤维钩出。将取料口设于连接孔16相对的一侧，可便于钩料。出料仓17的落料口18处设有控制阀。
整个装置为可移动式设计，可在底座19下端设置6个转向轮，可保证稳定性。转向轮还带有驻车功能。驻车结构可为在每个转向轮旁边设有带有千斤顶结构或液压缸结构的支撑柱，此为现有技术，在此不做赘述。
回转炉12采用304不锈钢材质，耐高温耐腐蚀。
本装置还设有控制系统，用于控制回转炉12的转速、旋转时间、启停、各控制阀的开闭、温度监控等等，控制系统安装于本装置的投料管3处，便于操作。或者安装于其他不影响本装置操作的合适位置。对于控制系统的构造及原理为现有技术，在本案中不做赘述。
本公开实施例另一方面提出一种风电叶片回收方法，利用上述的风电叶片卧式回收反应装置，包括如下步骤：
S1，将风电叶片切割成长度为20～40cm，宽度为15～40cm的矩形形状。将切割好的风电叶片从投料口1投装进入回转炉12内，然后关闭投料口1，从进风口2向回转炉12内通入烟气；
S2，调节通入烟气的温度为250℃～400℃，持续时间为30～60min，风电叶片逐渐炭化， 转化为黑色炭块；
S3，调节通入烟气的温度为400℃～550℃，持续时间为60～150min，黑色炭块逐渐变白，形成黑白相间的块状物体，并生成二氧化碳，定时从回转炉12的取样口中取料，观察反应状态；和
S4，开启回转炉12的旋转驱动装置，正转回转炉12，使回转炉12内的风电叶片滚动，持续时间为45～100min，黑白相间的块状物体在外力滚动的作用下开始裂开，逐渐转化为雪白色的纤维，停止通入烟气，反转回转炉12，将纤维从出料仓17卸出。
其中，本方法中的回转炉12的转速的调节范围为0.5-5r/min。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本公开的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本公开中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接或彼此可通讯；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本公开中的具体含义。
在本公开中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本公开中，术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明 书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本公开的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本公开的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本公开的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种风电叶片卧式回收反应装置，其特征在于，包括：
    回转炉，所述回转炉水平设置并沿水平轴向旋转，回转炉的左右两端面分别为进口端面和出口端面，进口端面上连接有进料管，出口端面上连接有出料管，回转炉内部形成容纳风电叶片的腔体，腔体内设有螺旋导料机构以及若干个折流挡板，折流挡板交错设置在腔体内壁上；
    投料管，所述投料管水平设置，投料管的一端为投料口，投料管的另一端通过第一旋转接头水平连接于回转炉的进料管，投料管的侧壁开设有进风口；和
    出料仓，所述出料仓竖直方向设置，出料仓的上端开设有排气口，出料仓的下端开设有落料口，出料仓的侧壁开设有连接孔，连接孔处通过第二旋转接头连接于回转炉的出料口，出料仓在位于连接孔上方位置设有纤维阻挡装置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的风电叶片卧式回收反应装置，其特征在于，所述纤维阻挡装置包括若干个交错设置的纤维挡板，纤维挡板固定在出料仓的内壁上。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的风电叶片卧式回收反应装置，其特征在于，所述纤维阻挡装置包括过滤板，过滤板可拆卸固定在出料仓的内壁上。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的风电叶片卧式回收反应装置，其特征在于，所述回转炉的壁面上开设有取样口。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的风电叶片卧式回收反应装置，其特征在于，所述回转炉的外壁面上设有若干个敲打装置。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的风电叶片卧式回收反应装置，其特征在于，所述出料仓的侧壁上开设有可启闭的取料口，取料口位于连接孔相对的一侧。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的风电叶片卧式回收反应装置，其特征在于，所述回转炉的壳体内填充有隔热层。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的风电叶片卧式回收反应装置，其特征在于，所述隔热层的材质选用陶瓷纤维。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的风电叶片卧式回收反应装置，其特征在于，还包括用于支撑回转炉的支撑座，所述支撑座包括底座和支撑架，支撑架设有两个，每个支撑架上安装有托轮，两个支撑架分别支撑于进料管和出料管，进料管上通过传动链轮连接旋转驱动装置。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的风电叶片卧式回收反应装置，其特征在于，所述回转炉沿纵截面安装有检修法兰，检修法兰位于靠近进料管的位置。
  11. 一种风电叶片回收方法，其特征在于，利用权利要求1至10中任一项所述的风电叶片卧式回收反应装置，包括如下步骤：
    S1，将分割好的风电叶片从投料口投装进入回转炉内，然后关闭投料口，从进风口向回转炉内通入烟气；
    S2，调节通入烟气的温度为250℃～400℃，持续时间为30～60min，风电叶片逐渐转化为黑色炭块；
    S3，调节通入烟气的温度为400℃～550℃，持续时间为60～150min，黑色炭块逐渐变白，形成黑白相间的块状物体，并生成二氧化碳，定时从回转炉的取样口中取料，观察反应状态；和
    S4，开启回转炉的旋转驱动装置，正转回转炉，使回转炉内的风电叶片滚动，持续时间为45～100min，黑白相间的块状物体转化为纤维，停止通入烟气，反转回转炉，将纤维从出料仓卸出。
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