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• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
  • B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
  • B01J20/0225—Compounds of Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt
  • B01J20/0229—Compounds of Fe
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
  • B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
  • B01J20/041—Oxides or hydroxides
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  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
  • B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
  • B01J20/046—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium containing halogens, e.g. halides
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
  • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
  • B01J20/12—Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
  • B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
  • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
  • B01J20/2805—Sorbents inside a permeable or porous casing, e.g. inside a container, bag or membrane
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
  • B01D2252/10—Inorganic absorbents
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
  • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
  • B01D2253/102—Carbon
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
  • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
  • B01D2253/112—Metals or metal compounds not provided for in B01D2253/104 or B01D2253/106
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
  • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
  • B01D2253/112—Metals or metal compounds not provided for in B01D2253/104 or B01D2253/106
  • B01D2253/1122—Metals
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/10—Single element gases other than halogens
  • B01D2257/104—Oxygen
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
  • B01D2259/45—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
  • B01D2259/4525—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for storage and dispensing systems
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
  • B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
  • B01J2220/42—Materials comprising a mixture of inorganic materials

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an oxygen absorber composition, a method for producing the same, and an oxygen absorber package.
• Oxygen absorbers that utilize the oxidation reaction of iron powder have been proposed.
• Commercially available oxygen absorbers for example, Ageless, manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.
• Oxygen absorbers are already widely used to preserve the quality and freshness of foods, medicines, and other items by sealing them in gas-barrier containers and removing oxygen from within the container.
• Iron-based oxygen absorbers include "moisture-dependent” oxygen absorbers that start absorbing oxygen by utilizing moisture evaporated from the preserved item, etc., and “self-reacting" oxygen absorbers that already contain the moisture necessary for the oxygen absorption reaction of iron in the oxygen absorber composition.
• a "self-reacting" oxygen absorber by having a moisture donor such as an inorganic filler impregnated with moisture present in the oxygen absorber composition, the moisture required for the oxygen absorption reaction of iron can be supplied from the moisture donor to the iron.
• self-reacting oxygen absorbers already contain moisture
• the preserved object is a dried food or medicine that has a lower moisture content (in other words, a lower water activity) than a self-reacting oxygen absorber
• moisture transfers from the oxygen absorber composition to the preserved object causing a change in the moisture content of the preserved object.
• moisture necessary for the oxygen absorption reaction of iron is lost from the oxygen absorber composition, causing a problem of reduced oxygen absorption performance.
• Patent Document 1 proposes an oxygen absorbing composition that contains iron powder, calcium chloride, water, and a water-retaining carrier, in which the water and calcium chloride contents are controlled within a predetermined range.
• the oxygen scavenger composition proposed in Patent Document 1 solves the problem of moisture migration to preserved items with relatively low water activity, while also exhibiting excellent oxygen absorption performance even in low humidity environments.
• oxygen scavenger compositions that exhibit a relatively low water activity tend to have inferior oxygen absorption performance compared to oxygen scavenger compositions with high water activity, and it is necessary to use large amounts of iron powder and water to increase the amount of oxygen absorbed.
• medium water activity oxygen absorption performance
• iron powder and water it is necessary to use large amounts of iron powder and water to increase the amount of oxygen absorbed.
• the amount of hydrogen generated by these reactions during oxygen absorption increases, causing the container to deform or burst. Therefore, there is a demand for oxygen scavenger compositions with medium water activity that can absorb large amounts of oxygen while suppressing the amount of hydrogen generated.
• the present invention aims to provide an oxygen scavenger composition that exhibits medium water activity, has excellent oxygen absorption performance, and generates a small amount of hydrogen, as well as a method for producing the same and an oxygen scavenger package.
• the gist of the present invention is as follows.
• An oxygen scavenger composition comprising iron powder, activated carbon, water, an alkaline earth metal halide, and an alkaline substance,
• the content of the activated carbon is 20 parts by mass or more and 40 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the iron powder
• the content of the water is 230 parts by mass or more and 370 parts by mass or less relative to 100 parts by mass of the activated carbon
• the oxygen scavenger composition wherein the content of the alkaline earth metal halide is 50 parts by mass or more and 65 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of the water.
• the content of the swelling agent is 3 parts by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of the water content.
• the oxygen absorbing composition according to any one of the above [1] to [8], wherein the water activity of the oxygen absorbing composition is 0.40 or more and 0.60 or less.
• An oxygen absorber package comprising the oxygen absorber composition according to any one of the above items [1] to [9] and a breathable packaging material containing the oxygen absorber composition.
• the present invention provides an oxygen scavenger composition that exhibits medium water activity, has excellent oxygen absorption performance, and generates a small amount of hydrogen, as well as a method for producing the same and an oxygen scavenger package.
• the oxygen scavenger composition and its manufacturing method, as well as the oxygen scavenger package according to the present invention are described in detail below.
• the term "A to B" in relation to numerical values means "A or more and B or less" (when A ⁇ B) or "A or less and B or more” (when A>B).
• a combination of preferred embodiments is a more preferred embodiment.
• the oxygen scavenger composition of the present invention comprises iron powder, activated carbon, water, an alkaline earth metal halide, and an alkaline substance, the content of the activated carbon being 20 parts by mass or more and 40 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of the iron powder content, the content of the water being 230 parts by mass or more and 370 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of the activated carbon content, and the content of the alkaline earth metal halide being 50 parts by mass or more and 65 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of the water content.
• the oxygen scavenger composition of the present invention having the above-mentioned composition, exhibits a medium water activity, can exhibit excellent oxygen absorbing performance, and can also suppress the generation of hydrogen.
• the term "medium water activity” means that the water activity is within the range of "0.4 to 0.6".
• the moisture donor contained in the self-reacting oxygen scavenger composition has been one in which an inorganic filler such as silica or diatomaceous earth is used as a moisture-retaining carrier, and water is supported by the moisture-retaining carrier.
• the present invention is characterized in that activated carbon is selectively used as a water-retaining carrier. Since activated carbon is a component that also functions as a reaction promoter for the oxygen absorption reaction of iron, it is presumed that the oxygen absorption performance of the obtained oxygen scavenger composition is improved compared to conventionally used water-retaining carriers such as silica.
• activated carbon tends to have a larger water absorption amount (water retention amount) per unit mass than silica, etc., and it is presumed that sufficient moisture can be supplied to iron even with a smaller amount of moisture donor compared to when silica, etc. is used, thereby improving the oxygen absorption performance.
• water retention amount water retention amount
• the oxygen scavenger composition of the present invention is also characterized by containing an alkaline substance. By containing an alkaline substance, the surface of the iron (particularly, the water present on the surface) can be kept alkaline.
• the oxygen scavenger composition of the present invention particularly by controlling the blending amounts of activated carbon, water and alkaline earth metal halide to a predetermined ratio, can exhibit a medium water activity while simultaneously achieving an effect of improving oxygen absorption performance and an effect of suppressing hydrogen generation.
• the oxygen scavenger composition of the present invention contains iron powder.
• the iron powder in the oxygen scavenger composition of the present invention is the main agent for the oxygen scavenging reaction.
• the iron powder is not particularly limited, but is preferably one with an exposed surface of iron (zero-valent metallic iron), and may be one having a very thin oxide film like a normal metal surface, as long as it does not impede the effects of the present invention.
• reduced iron powder, electrolytic iron powder, sprayed iron powder (atomized iron powder), etc. can be preferably used.
• crushed or cut products of cast iron, etc. can be used.
• the iron powder may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds as required. In addition, these iron powders are readily available on the market and may be used.
• the average particle size (D50) of the iron powder is, for example, 3000 ⁇ m or less, preferably 1000 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 500 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 300 ⁇ m or less from the viewpoint of improving contact with oxygen, and is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, and even more preferably 20 ⁇ m or more from the viewpoint of suppressing dust generation.
• the average particle size (D50) of the iron powder is preferably 1 to 1000 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 500 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 20 to 300 ⁇ m.
• the iron powder having an average particle size in the above range can be obtained by appropriately selecting a commercially available iron powder, or can be obtained by classifying the iron powder using a sieve according to the desired average particle size.
• the average particle size of the iron powder can be measured by the method described in the Examples.
• the specific surface area of the iron powder is preferably 0.03 m 2 /g or more, more preferably 0.05 m 2 /g or more, and from the viewpoint of suppressing dust generation, it is preferably 0.50 m 2 /g or less, more preferably 0.20 m 2 /g or less.
• the specific surface area of the iron powder is preferably 0.03 to 0.50 m 2 /g, more preferably 0.05 to 0.20 m 2 /g.
• the specific surface area of the iron powder can be measured by the method described in the Examples.
• the amount of iron powder contained in the oxygen scavenger composition is not particularly limited, but is preferably 15% by mass or more and 75% by mass or less, more preferably 20% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less, and even more preferably 25% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less.
• the oxygen scavenger composition of the present invention comprises activated carbon.
• the activated carbon in the oxygen scavenger composition of the present invention functions as a reaction accelerator and a water-retaining carrier.
• the activated carbon is not particularly limited, and the raw material may be any type such as wood, coconut shell, or coal. From the viewpoint of using the oxygen absorbing composition of the present invention for food, however, it is preferable to use one or more types selected from wood and coconut shell.
• the properties of the activated carbon are not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of ease of handling during the production of the oxygen absorbing composition, activated carbon in a granular or powder form having high fluidity is preferably used, and activated carbon having a shape close to spherical is more preferable.
• the activated carbon may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds as required. In addition, these activated carbons are readily available on the market and may be used.
• the average particle size of the activated carbon in powder form is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 1000 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less, from the viewpoint of handling during the production of the oxygen scavenger composition.
• the activated carbon particles can be used regardless of whether they are primary particles, agglomerated particles, or granulated products, so long as they have a particle size within the above range.
• the activated carbon having a particle size within the above range can be used alone, or multiple types having different particle sizes can be mixed in any ratio. Such activated carbon can be easily obtained commercially and can be used.
• the average particle size of the activated carbon can be measured by the method described in the Examples.
• the content of activated carbon is 20 parts by mass or more and 40 parts by mass or less, preferably 20 parts by mass or more and 30 parts by mass or less, more preferably 20 parts by mass or more and 25 parts by mass or less, and even more preferably 20 parts by mass or more and 23 parts by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of iron powder.
• an oxygen scavenger composition is obtained that exhibits medium water activity, has excellent oxygen absorption performance, and generates a small amount of hydrogen.
• the content of activated carbon is too low, moisture cannot be sufficiently retained, and the oxygen scavenger composition may become a slurry, or the function as a reaction accelerator may not be fully exerted, tending to reduce oxygen absorption performance.
• the oxygen scavenger composition of the present invention comprises water.
• Water contained in the oxygen scavenger composition of the present invention is a component necessary for promoting the oxygen scavenging reaction.
• the water content is from 230 to 370 parts by mass, preferably from 250 to 370 parts by mass, more preferably from 270 to 370 parts by mass, even more preferably from 300 to 370 parts by mass, and even more preferably from 300 to 350 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of activated carbon.
• an oxygen scavenger composition is obtained that exhibits medium water activity, has excellent oxygen absorption performance, and generates a small amount of hydrogen.
• the water content is too high, there is a tendency for the oxygen absorption performance to decrease significantly and for the amount of hydrogen generated to increase.
• the oxygen scavenger composition of the present invention comprises an alkaline earth metal halide.
• the alkaline earth metal halide in the oxygen absorbing composition of the present invention is a substance that acts catalytically on the oxidation reaction of iron powder to improve the activity of the iron powder.
• the alkaline earth metal halide also plays a role in preventing the water contained in the oxygen absorbing composition from evaporating and being lost from the oxygen absorbing composition, and exerts an effect of suppressing the transfer of moisture to the preserved object.
• Alkaline earth metal halides are metal salts that exhibit deliquescent properties. However, compared with alkali metal halides and the like, they have a higher solubility in water and it is easier to lower their water activity. Therefore, they are effective in preparing an oxygen scavenger composition (bulk powder) with a medium water activity.
• the alkaline earth metal halide is preferably contained in the oxygen scavenger composition as an aqueous solution in which it is dissolved in water.
• the alkaline earth metal halide is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include chlorides, bromides, and iodides of alkaline earth metals, and preferably is at least one selected from the group consisting of chlorides and bromides of alkaline earth metals.
• the alkaline earth metal halide is preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, magnesium bromide, and calcium bromide, more preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of calcium chloride and magnesium chloride, and even more preferably calcium chloride.
• the alkaline earth metal halide may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds as required.
• the alkaline earth metal halide may be a commercially available product that is easily available.
• the content of alkaline earth metal halide is 50 parts by mass or more and 65 parts by mass or less, preferably 52 parts by mass or more and 62 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 52 parts by mass or more and 56 parts by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of water.
• an oxygen scavenger composition is obtained that exhibits medium water activity, has excellent oxygen absorption performance, and generates a small amount of hydrogen.
• the content of alkaline earth metal halide is too high, the oxygen absorption performance tends to decrease.
• the oxygen scavenger composition of the present invention contains an alkaline substance.
• the alkaline substance in the oxygen scavenger composition of the present invention plays a role in keeping the surface of the iron (particularly the water present on the surface) alkaline, which is believed to reduce the hydrogen ion concentration in the reaction water on the iron surface during the oxygen absorption reaction, and effectively inhibit the generation of hydrogen due to the reduction of hydrogen ions by iron.
• the alkaline substance is not particularly limited, but is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of alkali metal hydroxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, and salts of weak acids and strong bases, more preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of alkali metal hydroxides and alkaline earth metal hydroxides, and even more preferably an alkaline earth metal hydroxide.
• alkali metal hydroxide examples include potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide, and among these, sodium hydroxide is preferred.
• hydroxides of alkaline earth metals include calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, and among these, calcium hydroxide is preferred.
• salts of weak acids and strong bases include phosphates, citrates, carbonates, bicarbonates, etc., with phosphates and citrates being preferred.
• salts of weak acids and strong bases include trisodium phosphate, trisodium citrate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, etc., with trisodium phosphate and trisodium citrate being preferred.
• the alkaline substance may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds, if necessary. In addition, these alkaline substances are readily available commercially and may be used.
• the amount of alkaline substance is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.2 parts by mass to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.3 parts by mass to 5 parts by mass, and even more preferably 0.5 parts by mass to 3 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of iron powder.
• the oxygen scavenger composition of the present invention preferably further comprises a swelling agent.
• the swelling agent in the oxygen absorbing composition of the present invention is a substance that swells with water and has a binding function for holding the oxygen absorbing composition in a granular form.
• the swelling agent is preferably used in a substantially dry state or in a semi-swollen or swollen state after absorbing a small amount or a necessary amount of water.
• the swelling agent is not particularly limited as long as it is a commonly known swelling agent, and any known swelling agent, binding agent, adhesive, and binder used in foods and the like can be used.
• inorganic swelling agents include bentonites such as calcium bentonite and sodium bentonite, and clay minerals such as sodium montmorillonite.
• organic swelling agents examples include organic bentonite, natural products such as defatted frozen tofu, agar, starch, dextrin, gum arabic, gelatin, and casein, cellulose-based semi-synthetic products such as crystalline cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, calcium carboxymethylcellulose, and hydroxyethylcellulose, semi-synthetic products such as lignin sulfonic acid and hydroxyethylated starch, and synthetic products such as water-insoluble polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl methyl ether.
• the swelling agent is preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of clay minerals and cellulose-based semi-synthetic products.
• Clay minerals are preferred because they are inexpensive and have excellent performance. Clay minerals are also known as inorganic soaps and function as lubricants. Clay minerals swollen with water are known to exhibit high thixotropy and are also preferred because they exhibit caking properties. Also, cellulose-based semi-synthetic products are preferred because they exhibit excellent swelling properties.
• the swelling agent is more preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of calcium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, calcium bentonite and sodium bentonite, and even more preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of calcium bentonite and sodium bentonite.
• the swelling agents described above can be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds, if necessary. In addition, commercially available products may be used as the swelling agents.
• the average particle size of the swelling agent is preferably from 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably from 5 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, from the viewpoint of suppressing dust generation and from the viewpoint of binding function.
• the average particle size of the swelling agent can be measured by the method described in the Examples.
• the content of the swelling agent is preferably 3 parts by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less, more preferably 5 parts by mass or more and 15 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 5 parts by mass or more and 12 parts by mass or less, and even more preferably 5 parts by mass or more and 10 parts by mass or less, relative to 100 parts by mass of the water content.
• the oxygen scavenger composition of the present invention may contain other components as necessary, such as a water-retaining carrier other than activated carbon, a flowability improving agent, a catalyst, an odor adsorbent, a heat dispersant, etc.
• the water-retentive carrier other than activated carbon is not particularly limited as long as it can retain water, and generally available porous materials and highly water-absorbent resins can be used.
• the porous material include diatomaceous earth, zeolite, sepiolite, cristobalite, porous glass, silica, activated clay, acid clay, vermiculite, and wood flour.
• the highly water-absorbent resin include polyacrylate-based resins, polysulfonate-based resins, polyacrylamide-based resins, polyvinyl alcohol-based resins, starch-based resins, cellulose-based resins, and polyalginic acid-based resins.
• the content of the water-retaining carrier other than activated carbon is preferably 5 parts by mass or less, more preferably 1 part by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of iron powder, and it is even more preferable that the water-retaining carrier other than activated carbon is substantially not contained, i.e., 0 parts by mass.
• the shape of the oxygen scavenger composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably granular.
• the particulate matter may be either an agglomerated particle or a granulated material.
• the particle shape include spherical, approximately spherical, elliptical, and cylindrical. Since they tend to have better packing properties and higher bulk density, spherical and approximately spherical shapes are preferred, and spherical shapes are more preferred.
• the average particle size of the oxygen absorber composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.3 mm or more and 5.0 mm or less, more preferably 0.5 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less.
• the average particle size of 0.3 mm or more can prevent adhesion to the powder contact part of the packaging machine during filling and packaging due to static electricity, and the average particle size of 5.0 mm or less can prevent the gap between particles from becoming too large, thereby preventing the oxygen absorption amount per unit volume from decreasing.
• sieving can be performed using sieves with openings of 0.3 mm and 5.0 mm.
• the average particle size of the oxygen absorbing composition can be measured by the method described in the Examples.
• the oxygen scavenger composition of the present invention preferably exhibits a medium water activity.
• the water activity value closer to 1 means that the water vapor pressure of the water evaporating from the oxygen absorbing composition is closer to the water vapor pressure of pure water.
• the water activity of the oxygen scavenger composition of the present invention is preferably from 0.40 to 0.60, more preferably from 0.42 to 0.55, and even more preferably from 0.42 to 0.53, which is what is called a medium water activity.
• the method for measuring the water activity is not particularly limited, and the water activity can be measured using a known device such as a dew point water activity meter, but specifically, the water activity can be measured by the method described in the Examples.
• the oxygen scavenger composition of the present invention has a medium water activity and is therefore suitable for use in preserving objects having a medium water activity.
• Examples of preserved items suitable for the oxygen scavenger composition of the present invention include food products such as rice, miscellaneous grains, spices, dried bonito flakes, boiled dried fish, and seaweed; industrial products such as electronic parts with soldered joints, metal screws, and metal blades such as razors; pharmaceuticals such as tableted tablets, herbal medicines, and raw pharmaceutical ingredients that are at risk of hydrolysis; and various other items. In particular, it is suitable for use in preserving pharmaceuticals.
• the method for producing the oxygen scavenger composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but preferably includes a step of mixing iron powder, activated carbon, water, an alkaline earth metal halide, and an alkaline substance. According to this manufacturing method, iron powder, activated carbon, water, an alkaline earth metal halide, and an alkaline substance are mixed until they are uniformly dispersed to prepare a granular material, and the oxygen scavenger composition can be efficiently prepared.
• the mixing step may be (1) a step of mixing all the components at once, (2) a step of preparing an aqueous solution in which an alkaline earth metal halide is dissolved in water, and adding the aqueous solution to a homogeneous mixture of iron powder, activated carbon, an alkaline substance, and optionally a swelling agent and other components, and mixing the aqueous solution, or (3) a step of preparing an aqueous solution in which an alkaline earth metal halide and an alkaline substance are dissolved in water, and adding the aqueous solution to a homogeneous mixture of iron powder, activated carbon, and optionally a swelling agent and other components, and mixing the aqueous solution.
• the above step (2) or (3) is preferable.
• the alkaline earth metal halide and the alkaline substance may react in the aqueous solution, and the concentration of the alkaline earth metal halide may change. Therefore, from the viewpoint of adding and mixing the alkaline earth metal halide to the iron powder, etc., as an aqueous solution prepared to a desired concentration, the above step (2) is more preferable.
• the mixing method is not particularly limited, but can be shaking mixing, mixing with a mixing device, etc.
• Specific examples of mixing devices include a Nauta mixer (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Corporation), a conical mixer (manufactured by Ohno Chemical Machinery Co., Ltd.), a vertical granulator (manufactured by Powrex Corporation), a high-speed mixer (manufactured by Earth Technica Corporation), and a granulator (manufactured by Akira Kiko Co., Ltd.).
• the oxygen absorber package of the present invention comprises the oxygen absorber composition described above and a breathable packaging material containing the oxygen absorber composition.
• Packaging materials examples include a bag-shaped material made by bonding two sheets of breathable packaging material together, a bag-shaped material made by bonding one sheet of breathable packaging material and one sheet of non-breathable packaging material together, and a bag-shaped material made by folding one sheet of breathable packaging material and sealing the edges together except for the folded part.
• the packaging material may be formed by overlapping two sheets of breathable packaging material and heat sealing the four sides to form a bag, by overlapping one sheet of breathable packaging material and one sheet of non-breathable packaging material and heat sealing the four sides to form a bag, or by folding one sheet of breathable packaging material and heat sealing three sides excluding the folded part to form a bag.
• the packaging material may also be formed by shaping the breathable packaging material into a tube and heat sealing both ends and the body of the tube to form a bag.
• a packaging material that allows oxygen and carbon dioxide to pass through is selected.
• a material having an air resistance measured by the Oken type testing machine method of preferably 40,000 seconds or less, more preferably 30,000 seconds or less, even more preferably 20,000 seconds or less, even more preferably 10,000 seconds or less, and preferably 500 seconds or more, more preferably 1,000 seconds or more is preferably used.
• the air resistance refers to a value measured by the method of JIS P8117 (1998). More specifically, it can be measured by the method described in the examples.
• plastic films that have been given breathability can be used.
• plastic films that can be used include laminated films formed by laminating and bonding a film of polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polypropylene, polycarbonate, etc., with a film of polyethylene, ionomer, polybutadiene, ethylene acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene methacrylic acid copolymer, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, etc. as a sealing layer.
• These laminates can also be used as breathable packaging materials.
• the thickness of the laminated film is preferably 30 ⁇ m or more and 300 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 40 ⁇ m or more and 250 ⁇ m or less.
• the packaging material can retain its strength and have excellent heat sealability and packaging suitability compared to a thickness outside the above range.
• the oxygen absorber package of the present invention contains the oxygen absorber composition of the present invention, and therefore exhibits medium water activity, has excellent oxygen absorption performance, and generates a small amount of hydrogen. Therefore, it is suitable for preserving objects exhibiting medium water activity.
• the oxygen absorber package of the present invention is preferably used in a method for deoxidizing the space inside a gas barrier container that contains a preserved object exhibiting a medium water activity. According to such a method, it is possible to suppress the transfer of moisture from the oxygen absorber package to the preserved object, and further to efficiently deoxidize the space inside the gas barrier container, thereby maintaining the quality of the preserved object in a good condition.
• the oxygen absorber package of the present invention it is preferable to use a package that includes the oxygen absorber package, a preserved object, and a gas barrier container that contains them.
• the humidity in the space inside the gas barrier container is preferably 40% RH or more and 60% RH or less from the viewpoint of maintaining the quality of the preserved object.
• the preserved object is preferably one or more selected from food, industrial products, and pharmaceuticals, and more preferably pharmaceuticals.
• the specific surface area (unit: m 2 /g) of the iron powder was measured based on the BET multipoint method in accordance with JIS Z8830:2013.
• Activated carbon "Shirasagi A” manufactured by Osaka Gas Chemicals Co., Ltd., powder form, average particle size 10 ⁇ m
• Average particle size of activated carbon was measured as the average particle size (D50) at a cumulative frequency of 50% in the volumetric particle size distribution using a laser diffraction/scattering type particle size distribution measuring device (LA-960 manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.).
• the average particle size of the swelling agent (bentonite) was measured as the average particle size (D50) at a cumulative frequency of 50% in the volumetric particle size distribution using a laser diffraction/scattering particle size distribution measuring device (LA-960 manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.).
• Silica Precipitated wet silica, "CARPLEX (registered trademark) #67” manufactured by EVONIC Corporation Breathable packaging material A: bag-shaped with outer dimensions of 40 mm x 30 mm Breathable packaging material A was produced by folding a multilayer sheet (thickness 52 ⁇ m, air resistance 5,300 seconds) consisting of linear low-density polyethylene (perforated film, thickness 30 ⁇ m, hereafter referred to as "LLDPE”)/wooden paper (basis weight 50 g/ m2 )/polyethylene terephthalate (perforated film, thickness 12 ⁇ m, hereafter referred to as "PET”) so that the LLDPE was on the inside and heat sealing the three sides with a seal width of 5 mm so that one side would be an opening.
• LLDPE linear low-density polyethylene
• PET polyethylene terephthalate
• Air permeability resistance of multi-layer sheet The air resistance of the multilayer sheet was measured three times using a digital Oken air permeability tester (EG02, manufactured by Asahi Seiko Co., Ltd.) and the arithmetic mean value of the obtained results was taken as the measurement result.
• EG02 digital Oken air permeability tester
• Breathable packaging material B bag-shaped with outer dimensions of 100 mm x 70 mm Breathable packaging material B was produced by folding a multilayer sheet (thickness 39 ⁇ m, air resistance 10 seconds (measurement method same as above)) consisting of LLDPE (same as above)/paper (basis weight 50 g/ m2 ) so that the LLDPE was on the inside, and heat sealing three sides with a seal width of 5 mm so that one side would be an opening.
• Example 1 Preparation of oxygen scavenger composition First, 8.4 g of calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) as an alkaline earth metal halide was dissolved in 14.8 g of water to prepare an aqueous calcium chloride solution. Next, 20.0 g of iron powder, 4.0 g of activated carbon, 0.2 g of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2 ) as an alkaline substance, and 1.5 g of bentonite as a swelling agent were placed in a 300 ml plastic container and mixed by shaking to obtain a mixture.
• CaCl 2 calcium chloride
• activated carbon 4.0 g
• 0.2 g of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2 ) as an alkaline substance
• bentonite as a swelling agent
• the obtained oxygen absorbing composition was in the form of a granular material in which powder particles were aggregated (average particle size: 1.60 mm).
• Average particle size of oxygen absorbing composition The average particle size of the oxygen absorbing agent composition was measured as the average particle size (D50) at a cumulative frequency of 50% in the volumetric particle size distribution using a laser diffraction/scattering type particle size distribution measuring device (LA-960 manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.).
• FIG. 1 Preparation of oxygen absorber package A (sample for measuring oxygen absorption amount) 0.8 g of the oxygen absorber composition prepared in [1] above was filled into the breathable packaging material A, and the opening was heat sealed with a seal width of 5 mm to prepare a bag-shaped oxygen absorber package A.
• the prepared oxygen absorber package A was stored in a gas barrier bag with low oxygen permeability (manufactured by Fukusuke Kogyo Co., Ltd., laminated with barrier nylon and LLDPE) with the opening heat-sealed to prevent reaction with oxygen in the air until it was used to measure the amount of oxygen absorbed.
• oxygen absorber package B (sample for measuring hydrogen generation amount) 25 g of the oxygen absorber composition prepared in [1] above was filled into the breathable packaging material B, and the opening was heat sealed with a seal width of 5 mm to prepare a bag-shaped oxygen absorber package B.
• the prepared oxygen absorber package B was stored in a gas barrier bag with low oxygen permeability (manufactured by Fukusuke Kogyo Co., Ltd., laminated with barrier nylon and LLDPE) with the opening heat-sealed to prevent reaction with oxygen in the air until it was used to measure the amount of hydrogen generated.
• Example 2 to 16 and Comparative Examples 4 and 5 oxygen absorber compositions and oxygen absorber packages A and B were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amounts of each component were changed to the values shown in Table 1.
• Comparative Examples 1 to 3 oxygen absorbing compositions were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the blending amounts of each component were changed to the values shown in Table 1. However, since the obtained oxygen absorbing composition contained a small amount of activated carbon and was unable to retain water, resulting in a slurry state, oxygen absorbing packages A and B were not prepared.
• Comparative Example 6 oxygen absorber packages A and B were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the oxygen absorber composition was prepared by the method described below in [1'] instead of the method described above in [1].
• oxygen scavenger composition 8.5 g of calcium chloride ( CaCl2 ) as an alkaline earth metal halide was dissolved in 16.5 g of water to prepare an aqueous calcium chloride solution.
• silica as a water-retaining carrier was placed in a 300 ml plastic container, and the above-mentioned aqueous calcium chloride solution was added and mixed to obtain a moisture-donating agent.
• the obtained oxygen absorbing composition was in the form of a granular material in which powder particles were aggregated (average particle size: 0.12 mm, measuring method as above).
• Comparative Example 7 an oxygen absorber composition and oxygen absorber packages A and B were prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 6, except that the amounts of each component were changed to the values shown in Table 1.
• the water activity was measured by the following method using the oxygen scavenger composition prepared in [1] above. First, 1.0 g of the oxygen scavenger composition was placed in a special petri dish, and the measurement was performed at 25° C. using a water activity measuring device ("AquaLab TDL 2" manufactured by METER) according to the procedure specified for the device. The above measurement was carried out three times, and the arithmetic mean value of the obtained results was evaluated as the water activity value of the oxygen absorbing composition of each Example or Comparative Example. In this example, a water activity of 0.40 to 0.60 (medium water activity) was determined to be good, and a value closer to the median of 0.50 was evaluated as better. Note that the water activity values in Table 1 were rounded off to two decimal places for evaluation.
• the amount of oxygen absorbed was measured by the following method using the oxygen absorber package A prepared in [2-1] above.
• one oxygen absorber package A was placed in a gas barrier bag made of nylon/polyethylene laminate film (manufactured by Fukusuke Kogyo Co., Ltd., dimensions 250 mm x 400 mm, oxygen permeability 7.3 ml/ m2 day atm) together with 1500 ml of air at 25°C, and the opening was heat sealed. Furthermore, the oxygen concentration (initial oxygen concentration) in the gas barrier bag at this time was measured. The gas barrier bag was then immediately placed in a thermostatic chamber at 25° C.
• the oxygen concentration in the gas barrier bag oxygen concentration after storage
• the oxygen absorption amount initial oxygen concentration ⁇ oxygen concentration after storage
• the calculated oxygen absorption amount was divided by the mass (unit: g) of the oxygen scavenger composition to calculate the oxygen absorption amount per unit mass of the oxygen scavenger composition (bulk powder) (unit: ml/g of bulk powder).
• the oxygen concentration was measured using a gas analyzer (MOCON's "Check Mate 3") by inserting a hollow needle at the tip of a sampling silicon tube attached to the gas analyzer into the inside of the bag through a sampling rubber sheet (25 mm x 25 mm, thickness 2 mm) that had been attached to the gas barrier bag in advance, and measuring the oxygen concentration in the gas barrier bag.
• the above measurement was carried out three times, and the arithmetic mean value of the obtained results was evaluated as the oxygen absorption amount of the oxygen absorber composition of each Example or Comparative Example. The larger the oxygen absorption amount, the better the oxygen absorption performance.
• oxygen absorber compositions bulk powder with an oxygen absorption amount per unit mass of 85.0 [ml/1 g bulk powder] or more were evaluated as good.
• the amount of hydrogen generated was measured by the following method using the oxygen absorber package B prepared in [2-2] above.
• one oxygen absorber package B was placed in a gas barrier bag made of nylon/aluminum foil/polyethylene laminate film (manufactured by Meiwa Packs, dimensions 175 mm x 250 mm, oxygen permeability 0.1 ml/ m2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm or less) together with 25 ml of air at 35°C, and the opening was heat-sealed to seal it.
• the gas barrier bag was then immediately placed in a thermostatic chamber at 35° C.
• silica when silica was used instead of activated carbon, silica functioned as a water-retaining carrier and was able to retain water, so that a granular oxygen absorbing composition could be obtained, but it was confirmed that the amount of oxygen absorbed was small and the amount of hydrogen generated was large (Comparative Examples 6 and 7).

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