WO2024053671A1 - Resin molded article inspection method and inspection device - Google Patents
Resin molded article inspection method and inspection device Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024053671A1 WO2024053671A1 PCT/JP2023/032525 JP2023032525W WO2024053671A1 WO 2024053671 A1 WO2024053671 A1 WO 2024053671A1 JP 2023032525 W JP2023032525 W JP 2023032525W WO 2024053671 A1 WO2024053671 A1 WO 2024053671A1
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- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 53
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 133
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 53
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- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 20
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- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/90—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in a container or its contents
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of inspecting a resin molded product by utilizing the phenomenon that light having different wavelength ranges is emitted when the resin molded product is irradiated with excitation light in a specific wavelength range.
- a resin bottle is formed by blow molding a generally hollow cylindrical preform.
- molding defects are caused by uneven wall thickness, which is caused by local insufficient stretching of the resin and uneven wall thickness due to errors in the shape of the preform, control errors in temperature and other various parameters that affect molding quality, etc. It may occur as a type of. Alternatively, if the stretching progresses excessively, the molecular chains become oriented and densification progresses, which may result in molding defects such as whitening. Molding defects are not limited to blow molding. Even in the case of injection molding, for example, burrs may occur along the mating surfaces of the molds or along the resin inlet, or molding defects may occur due to inadequate temperature control of the molds.
- molding defects in resin molded products can occur when the shape, such as wall thickness, changes from the original shape, or when the structure of the resin molded product, for example, the crystal structure, changes from the original structure, such as whitening or yellowing. It occurs as a cause. If it is possible to find a method to inspect resin molded products based on changes in the shape or structure of the resin molded product, inspection methods using that method can be used to detect not only molding defects but also various conditions of resin molded products. It can be used for testing, and is convenient for expanding the scope of application of testing methods, etc.
- a further aspect of the present invention is to provide an inspection method for a resin molded product that can efficiently and highly accurately inspect the presence or absence of molding defects, or to inspect a marking part applied to a resin molded product.
- Another purpose of the present invention is to provide an inspection method etc. that can be inspected efficiently and with high precision.
- a method for inspecting a resin molded product is an inspection method for inspecting a resin molded product, in which light in a wavelength range different from the wavelength range of the irradiated light is used as detection target light to detect the resin molded product.
- An inspection device for a resin molded product is an inspection device for inspecting a resin molded product, and uses light in a wavelength range different from the wavelength range of the irradiated light as detection target light to detect the resin molded product.
- an illumination means for illuminating an inspection range of the resin molded product with excitation light that can be emitted from the product; is included in the wavelength range of the imaging target, while the wavelength range of the excitation light is excluded from the wavelength range of the imaging target, and the intensity of the detection target light in the captured image is and an inspection means for inspecting the state of at least one of the shape and structure of the resin molded product in the inspection range based on the inspection range.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an inspection device used in an inspection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the results of measuring a three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum when a sample piece made of polyethylene terephthalate resin was irradiated with ultraviolet light. The figure which shows an example of the relationship between the spectral intensity of the ultraviolet light which illuminates a bottle, the spectral intensity of fluorescence emission of a bottle, and the spectral sensitivity of a filter. The figure which shows an example of the spectral sensitivity of a camera.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of molding defects to be inspected by the inspection method according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating another example of molding defects to be inspected by the inspection method according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating further examples of molding defects to be inspected by the inspection method according to one embodiment.
- An image showing an example of fluorescence emission in a bottle with a misaligned bottom molding defect An image showing an example of fluorescence emission in a bottle with whitening and uneven thickness forming defects on the bottom.
- An image showing an example of fluorescence emission at the corner of a normal bottle with no molding defects An image showing an example of fluorescence emission from a bottle with whitening at the corners. An image showing an example of fluorescence emission in the body of a normal bottle with no molding defects. An image showing an example of fluorescence emission in a bottle with slight whitening on the body. An image showing an example of fluorescence emission from a bottle with clear whitening on the body. An image showing an example of fluorescence emission at the mouth of a normal bottle with no molding defects. An image showing an example of fluorescence emission in a bottle with yellowing at the mouth. The figure which shows the example of the medical syringe where the molding defect occurred in the vicinity of an injection port.
- An example of an image of the defective molding portion shown in FIG. 12A captured in the wavelength range of ultraviolet light.
- the inspection method of this embodiment when a resin molded product is irradiated with excitation light in a specific wavelength range, light in a wavelength range different from that of the excitation light is emitted as detection target light, and the intensity of the detection target light is The resin molded product is inspected using the property that the intensity of the detection target light changes depending on the shape and structure of the resin molded product.
- the shape here may include various items that characterize the external shape of the resin molded product, such as wall thickness and unevenness.
- the structure may include various items that characterize the material properties of the resin molded product, such as crystal structure and organizational structure.
- the conditions to be inspected may include various conditions associated with shapes and structures.
- Molding defects in resin molded products are caused by changes in the shape, such as wall thickness, from the original shape, or changes in the crystal structure or organizational structure of the resin molded product, such as whitening or yellowing. It happens.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of an inspection device used in an inspection method according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the inspection apparatus shown in FIG. 1 uses ultraviolet light in a specific wavelength range as an example of excitation light, and uses fluorescence generated in response to the ultraviolet light irradiation as an example of detection target light to inspect for molding defects.
- the resin molded product to be inspected is the bottle 2, for example.
- the inspection device 1 includes an image acquisition unit 10 that acquires an image based on fluorescence of the bottle 2, and a processing unit 20 that processes the acquired image and inspects the presence or absence of molding defects.
- the bottle 2 is formed, for example, by blow-molding a generally hollow cylindrical preform made of PET resin in a predetermined mold (molding mold).
- the body 2a of the bottle 2 has a generally cylindrical shape, and the shoulder 2c between the neck 2b and the body 2a has a generally truncated conical shape.
- the bottom portion 2d has a shape in which the center portion is recessed inward along the axis AX. Examples of molding defects will be described later.
- the image acquisition unit 10 includes an illumination device 11 as an example of an illumination means for illuminating the bottle 2, and an imaging device 12 as an example of an imaging means for taking an image of the bottle 2.
- the illumination device 11 illuminates the inspection range of the bottle 2 with predetermined illumination light.
- the inspection range may be the entire bottle 2 or a part of the bottle 2.
- the illumination device 11 irradiates the bottle 2 with ultraviolet light in a wavelength range that can cause the bottle 2 to emit fluorescence as illumination light. Specific examples of the wavelength range of ultraviolet light will be described later.
- the range from the body 2a to the shoulder 2c of the bottle 2 is set as the inspection range.
- the lighting device 11 includes, for example, an upper illuminator 11a that illuminates the inspection range from diagonally above, and a lower illuminator 11b that illuminates the same inspection range of the bottle 2 from diagonally below.
- the inspection range of the bottle 2 may be changed as appropriate as described above, and the configuration and illumination direction of the illumination device 11 may also be changed as appropriate according to the inspection range of the bottle 2.
- the illumination device 11 and the imaging device 12 may be placed in accordance with their positions.
- the camera 13 of the imaging device 12 is arranged below the bottle 2 so that its imaging optical axis Lp coincides with the axis AX, and the illumination device 11 is also arranged to illuminate the bottom part 2d from an oblique direction. may be placed in
- the imaging device 12 includes a camera 13 and a filter 14 that limits the wavelength range of light incident on the camera 13 to a range suitable for inspection.
- the camera 13 converts an optical image of the bottle 2 into an electrical image signal using, for example, an image sensor such as a CCD or a CMOS.
- the camera 13 images the inspection range of the bottle 2 emitting fluorescent light.
- the imaging direction is set, for example, so that the bottle 2 is imaged from the same side as the illumination direction by the lighting device 11. In the example of FIG.
- the imaging optical axis Lp of the camera 13 is oriented in the horizontal direction, and the illuminators 11a and 11b are arranged so that the optical axes La and Lb of the illuminators 11a and 11b extend symmetrically across the imaging optical axis Lp. and a camera 13 are arranged.
- the imaging direction does not necessarily need to be set on the same side as the illumination direction by ultraviolet light, as long as an image that clearly reflects the intensity distribution of fluorescence generated in the bottle 2 can be taken.
- the relationship between the illumination direction and the imaging direction is different from that shown in FIG. may be set to .
- the imaging range of the camera 13 may be set so that at least an image of the inspection range of the bottle 2 can be captured.
- the bottle 2 may be stationary or may be moving.
- the moving bottle 2 may be sequentially imaged by installing the camera 13 on a beverage filling line and causing the camera 13 to perform an imaging operation at the timing when the bottle 2 reaches the imaging range of the camera 13. If only a part of the inspection range can be imaged with one imaging operation using one camera 13, such as capturing an image of the entire circumference of the bottle 2 as an inspection range, the bottle 2 may be rotated and the entire circumference of the bottle 2 may be imaged. An image of the entire inspection range may be captured by controlling the imaging operation of the camera 13 so that the image is captured in multiple times.
- the bottle 2 may be fixed, and the illumination device 11 and the imaging device 12 may be moved around the bottle 2 to capture an image of the entire inspection range.
- a plurality of cameras 13 may be provided to take images of the bottle 2 from different directions, and the inspection range of the bottle 2 may be shared in the circumferential direction by these cameras 13 to take images.
- the lighting device 11 may be lit all the time, or may be controlled to be lit in synchronization with the imaging operation of the camera 13. Note that the inspection range does not necessarily need to be set around the entire circumference of the bottle 2. Further, the inspection range does not necessarily need to be set as a surface having a certain extent.
- a plurality of spot-like detection positions may be set on the bottle 2, a set of these detection positions may be set as an inspection range, and an image of each detection position may be imaged by the camera 13 as an image of the inspection range.
- a pixel group corresponding to the detection position may be outputted from the camera 13 as an image signal readout target, or Alternatively, an image signal corresponding to the imaging range of the image sensor may be output, and an image signal corresponding to the detection position may be extracted from the image signal to obtain an image of the detection range.
- the imaging range of the camera 13 may be set to include the inspection range, and the inspection range may be set to at least a part of the imaging range of the camera 13.
- the filter 14 is arranged such that the wavelength range of fluorescence generated in the bottle 2 is included in the wavelength range of the imaged object, while the wavelength range of ultraviolet light illuminating the bottle 2 is included in the wavelength range of the imaged object.
- the wavelength range of the incident light to the camera 13 is adjusted so that it is excluded from the wavelength range.
- the spectral characteristics of the filter 14 do not necessarily need to be set to completely block the incidence of the ultraviolet light wavelength range into the camera 13.
- the wavelength range of ultraviolet light is such that the image captured by the camera 13 shows a brightness distribution reflecting the distribution of fluorescence intensity, and the influence of the wavelength range of ultraviolet light on the brightness distribution is substantially eliminated from the image.
- the filter 14 restricts the passage of the light.
- the spectral characteristics of the filter 14 are such that the wavelength range of the ultraviolet light that illuminates the bottle 2 is limited compared to the wavelength range of the fluorescence generated in the bottle 2 with respect to the wavelength range of the light incident on the camera 13. It is sufficient if it is set.
- the filter 14 is not limited to completely blocking the incidence of ultraviolet light in the wavelength range, but may be one that relatively reduces the amount of incident light in the ultraviolet wavelength range compared to that in the fluorescence wavelength range. There may be.
- the spectral characteristics of the filter 14 may be set so that the entire wavelength range of the fluorescence passes through the filter 14 and enters the camera 13, or the filter 14 restricts the incidence of part of the wavelength range of the fluorescence into the camera 13. may be done.
- the filter 14 restricts its passage, and the restricted wavelength range
- the spectral characteristics of the filter 14 may be set so that fluorescence with wavelengths longer than that of the filter 14 passes through the filter 14 and enters the camera 13.
- the reason why the filter 14 is used to limit the wavelength range of the imaging target is as follows.
- the light directed from the bottle 2 toward the camera 13 includes not only fluorescence generated in the bottle 2 but also ultraviolet light reflected by the bottle 2.
- ultraviolet light enters the camera 13 the resulting image is affected by the ultraviolet light, which may impede inspection for molding defects based on the fluorescence intensity distribution.
- the wavelength range of fluorescence generated in PET resin does not match the wavelength range of the irradiated ultraviolet light, and a difference occurs between the two wavelength ranges.
- the spectral characteristics of the filter 14 are set so that the wavelength range of fluorescence is included in the wavelength range of the object to be imaged by the camera 13, while the wavelength range of ultraviolet light is excluded from the wavelength range of the object to be imaged, It is possible to capture an image that accurately reflects the intensity distribution of fluorescence by suppressing the influence of reflected light.
- the filter 14 it is not necessarily necessary to use the filter 14 as a separate component from the camera 13 as a means for selecting the wavelength range of the imaging target. For example, if the camera 13 has a function that allows selection of the wavelength range in which the image sensor of the camera 13 exhibits sensitivity, the wavelength range of the imaging target may be adjusted using that function.
- the wavelength range of the excitation light and the wavelength range of the fluorescence to be detected may be such that the reflected light from the bottle 2 contains higher-order light components such as secondary light with a wavelength twice that of the excitation light. If light in a wavelength range different from any of the above is included as a disturbance component and the disturbance component affects the brightness difference in the image, the filter 14 spectroscopy is adjusted so that the disturbance component is also removed from the wavelength range of the imaging target.
- the characteristics and the sensitivity of the camera 13 may be set.
- the illumination light of the bottle 2 in the environment where the image acquisition unit 10 is installed is mainly the illumination light from the illumination device 11, and the image reflecting the intensity distribution of fluorescence generated in the bottle 2 is captured by the camera 13.
- Ambient light in the visible range such as natural light, may be included as long as the image is captured in the image. That is, the bottle 2 may be illuminated only by the illumination light from the illumination device 11 while blocking the environmental light, or some environmental light may be used as long as it does not substantially affect the image reflecting the intensity distribution of fluorescence. may be incident on bottle 2.
- the filter 14 or the like may be used to remove from the image captured by the camera 13 the influence of light in the visible range that is unnecessary for capturing an image reflecting the fluorescence intensity.
- FIG. 2 shows the results of measuring a three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum when a sample piece of PET resin was irradiated with ultraviolet light.
- the vertical axis is the wavelength of the irradiated ultraviolet light
- the horizontal axis is the wavelength of fluorescence.
- the density of the contour lines in the figure indicates the fluorescence intensity, and the denser the contour lines, the higher the fluorescence intensity.
- FIG. 2 when PET resin is irradiated with ultraviolet light around 365 nm, relatively high intensity fluorescence is generated in the wavelength range of 380 to 430 nm.
- FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the spectral intensity of the ultraviolet light that illuminates the bottle 2, the spectral intensity of the fluorescence emission from the bottle 2, and the spectral sensitivity of the filter 14.
- the horizontal axis represents the wavelength
- the vertical axis represents the spectral intensity of ultraviolet light and fluorescence and the spectral sensitivity of the filter 14, respectively.
- fluorescence occurs in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 430 nm.
- the spectral intensity distribution of ultraviolet light and the spectral intensity distribution of fluorescence partially overlap, if the wavelength range of ultraviolet light is in the range of 360 nm to 380 nm, the spectral characteristics of the filter 14 can be changed from approximately 400 nm to long wavelengths. If the setting is made to allow the light from the bottle 2 to pass through and to restrict the passage of the shorter wavelength range, the fluorescence generated in the bottle 2 can be efficiently transmitted to the camera 13 while suppressing the incidence of ultraviolet light to the camera 13. It can be input to
- the wavelength range of the ultraviolet light it is possible to obtain more fluorescence by setting the wavelength range of the ultraviolet light so that the peak is around 320 nm.
- the wavelength range of fluorescence also shifts to the shorter wavelength side.
- the spectral sensitivity of a general camera used for the purpose of capturing images in the visible light range is highest near 550 nm.
- the sensitivity of the camera is substantially lost at around 1000 nm on the long wavelength side and around 400 nm on the short wavelength side. Therefore, if the wavelength range of ultraviolet light is set to around 320 nm, the wavelength range of fluorescence may deviate from the wavelength range in which the camera 13 exhibits sufficient spectral sensitivity. Therefore, it is preferable that the ultraviolet light emitted from the lighting device 11 be set in the range of 360 nm to 380 nm as described above.
- Blow molding of the bottle 2 involves heating the preform to the glass transition temperature to soften it into a rubber-like state, and then stretching the preform in the direction of the axis AX of the bottle 2 (Fig. 1) using a stretching rod. This is carried out by introducing gas pressure into the preform, thereby stretching the preform in two axial directions (vertical and horizontal), and cooling and solidifying it.
- the preform may not be stretched uniformly, and molding defects may occur. For example, if stretching is insufficient locally, uneven thickness defects may occur where the thickness becomes non-uniform.
- 5A shows an example in which an uneven thickness portion D1 occurs at the shoulder portion of the bottle 2
- FIG. 5B shows an example in which an uneven thickness portion D2 occurs in the bottom portion of the bottle 2.
- a misaligned portion D3 may occur at the bottom as a result of uneven stretching.
- a core portion with a relatively large wall thickness should be formed centering on the axis AX of the bottom of the bottle 2, but due to the uneven stretching, the wall thickness deviates from the center of the bottom portion. This occurs due to the distribution of Therefore, the misaligned portion D3 can also be regarded as a type of defective thickness unevenness like the uneven thickness portions D1 and D2.
- uneven thickness defects may occur at other locations such as the body.
- a whitened portion D4 may occur at or near a corner that forms a boundary between the bottom and body of the bottle 2.
- the wall thickness around the deformed portion may increase, resulting in uneven thickness defects.
- tissue defects such as whitening or yellowing may occur in part or the entire mouth or bottom of the bottle 2.
- the intensity of fluorescence generated in response to ultraviolet light irradiation differs from the range of fluorescence intensity that would occur in the absence of these defects.
- the fluorescence intensity is higher than that in the normal case at a location where the wall thickness is increased compared to the normal one.
- the resin density becomes higher than normal, and the fluorescence intensity becomes higher than normal. If such a change in fluorescence intensity is used as a clue, it is possible to determine whether molding defects such as uneven thickness or texture defects have occurred. Examples of images actually taken of the bottle 2 using the inspection device 1 of FIG. 1 are shown in FIGS. 6A to 10B. In any image, the higher the fluorescence intensity, the higher the brightness in the image.
- FIG. 6A and 6B are examples of images of the vicinity of the boundary between the neck and shoulder of the bottle.
- FIG. 6A is an image of a normal bottle with no molding defects
- FIG. 6B is an image of a normal bottle with uneven thickness in region X1. This is an image of a bottle. From a comparison of these images, it can be confirmed that the fluorescence intensity in areas where the wall thickness has increased due to uneven thickness defects is higher than in the normal case.
- 7A to 7C are examples of images taken of the bottom of a bottle.
- FIG. 7A is an image of the bottom of a normal bottle with no molding defects
- FIG. 7B is an image of the bottom with misalignment
- FIG. 7C is an image of the bottom of the bottle.
- an over-stretched state occurs in which stretching progresses excessively on the outer circumferential side of the bottom due to uneven thickness at the center, and as a result, densification and crystallization progresses, which is the cause of the defect. It is inferred.
- FIG. 8A and 8B are examples of the bottom corner of the bottle taken from diagonally below in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 8A is an image of a normal bottle with no molding defects
- FIG. 8B is an image of a bottle with whitening in area X4. This is an image of the bottle. Comparison of these images confirms that the fluorescence intensity in areas where whitening has occurred is higher than in the normal case.
- 9A to 9C are examples of images of a part of the body of a bottle.
- FIG. 9A is an image of a normal bottle with no molding defects
- FIG. 9B is an image of a bottle with slight whitening
- FIG. 9C is an image of a bottle with slight whitening. This is an image of a bottle with clear whitening.
- FIG. 10A and 10B are examples of images taken of the mouth of a bottle.
- FIG. 10A is an image of a normal bottle with no molding defects
- FIG. 10B is an image of a bottle with molding defects such as yellowing over almost the entire mouth. It is an image.
- Comparison of these images confirms that the fluorescence intensity is higher in areas where yellowing occurs than in normal cases.
- the cause of yellowing is not necessarily clear, crystallization progresses locally due to inadequate molding conditions during preform molding, which increases the absorption efficiency in a specific wavelength range and causes a yellowish tinge. This is presumed to be one of the reasons.
- the intensity of the fluorescence generated in response to ultraviolet light irradiation is different from that of normal conditions without molding defects.
- the range of fluorescence intensity will be different from the range of fluorescence intensity at . Therefore, it is possible to determine the presence or absence of a molding defect using the intensity of fluorescence in an image of a bottle emitting fluorescence as a clue.
- molding defects can be detected by determining whether or not there are locations in the image that exhibit fluorescence intensity that is outside the range of fluorescence intensity that should occur when there are no molding defects (for example, fluorescence intensity that is higher than the normal range).
- the position of a part with strength above a certain level is compared with the normal position to determine whether it matches or not, and if the position is different, a molding defect has occurred, or there is a possibility that a molding defect has occurred. It may be determined that there is.
- the processing unit 20 inspects the presence or absence of molding defects based on the fluorescence intensity in the image captured by the image acquisition unit 10.
- the processing unit 20 is configured using, for example, a computer unit including a CPU and an internal storage device necessary for its operation.
- the processing section 20 is provided with an image adjustment section 21 and an inspection section 22.
- the image adjustment section 21 and the inspection section 22 are provided as logical devices realized by, for example, a combination of the computer hardware of the processing section 20 and an inspection program PG, which is an example of a computer program as software.
- at least a portion of the processing unit 20 may be configured as a physical device combining logic circuits such as LSI.
- the processing unit 20 may be connected to various input means such as a keyboard and a pointing device for the operator of the inspection apparatus 1 to input appropriate instructions. In FIG. 1, illustration of input means is omitted.
- the image adjustment unit 21 receives the image signal output from the camera 13 and performs image processing suitable for the inspection by the inspection unit 22 to convert the image captured by the camera 13 into an image suitable for the inspection by the inspection unit 22. adjust.
- the image adjustment unit 21 may perform correction processing for image brightness, contrast, and the like.
- the inspection section 22 receives the image signal processed by the image adjustment section 21 and inspects the presence or absence of molding defects. Thereby, the inspection section 22 functions as an example of inspection means.
- the processing of the inspection unit 22 may be configured as appropriate as long as the presence or absence of molding defects can be determined based on the fluorescence intensity in the image.
- the inspection unit 22 uses the difference in brightness in the image captured by the camera 13 to binarize the image, treating the range where the fluorescence intensity exceeds a predetermined judgment value as a bright area and the other range as a dark area, and then In an image of a bottle, if a bright area appears at a location where no bright area exists, that location may be determined as a location of defective molding.
- an inspection method may be configured to avoid erroneously determining the bright area as a molding defect.
- an image of a normal bottle is prepared as a reference image, and the difference between the image of the inspection range that was actually captured and the reference image is taken, and a bright area appears in the position that should be a dark area in the reference image.
- the bright area may be determined to be a molding defect.
- prepare a mask that shows the range where bright areas appear in a normal bottle and superimpose the image of the inspection range that was actually taken and the mask to see if bright areas appear even in normal conditions. Processing may be applied in which a range where the range is excluded from the range to be detected as a bright part by the inspection unit 22.
- the inspection section 22 may display the defective location on the monitor 23 or store it in the storage device 24 as an inspection result.
- the means for outputting test results is not limited to the monitor 23 and the storage device 24, but a printer may be connected as the output means.
- the inspection range of the bottle 2 to be inspected is illuminated with ultraviolet light from the illumination device 11, and an image of the bottle 2 emitting fluorescence is displayed in the wavelength range of the fluorescence.
- the camera 13 captures an image in such a way that the wavelength range of ultraviolet light is included in the wavelength range of the imaging target while being excluded from the wavelength range of the imaging target, and the inspection unit 22 uses the fluorescence intensity in the captured image to
- the presence or absence of molding defects can be inspected.
- the presence or absence of molding defects can be inspected by image processing without relying on visual inspection by the operator, so it is possible to efficiently and highly accurately inspect the presence or absence of molding defects. can. It is also possible to apply the inspection device 1 to a bottle molding line and successively inspect the presence or absence of molding defects in-line.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but can be applied to various molding defects inspections on resin molded products.
- the resin molded article is not limited to the example formed by blow molding, but may be formed by injection molding.
- the excitation light used for illuminating resin molded products is not limited to ultraviolet light.
- the excitation light only needs to be able to emit light in a wavelength range different from the wavelength range of the irradiated light from the resin molded product, and the excitation light that can emit Raman scattered light as the detection target light is used for illumination. May be used for. Therefore, the excitation light is not limited to the ultraviolet range, but may include the visible light wavelength range.
- the excitation light and the detection target light can be separated.
- the combination may be changed as appropriate.
- the material of the resin molded product is not limited to PET resin, but various resins may be used as long as they have the property of emitting light in a wavelength range different from the excitation light when irradiated with excitation light such as ultraviolet light.
- the resin molded products to be inspected are not limited to bottle-shaped containers, and resin molded products for various uses may be inspected as long as they are formed by blow molding. An example in which a resin molded product different from a PET bottle is to be inspected will be explained with reference to FIGS. 11A to 12D.
- FIGS. 11A to 12D show examples of medical syringes with molding defects.
- a medical syringe is an example of a resin molded product, and is formed by injection molding using COP resin (cycloolefin polymer resin) as a material.
- 11A to 11C are examples in which the inspection area is near the discharge port P of the syringe.
- FIG. 11A is a drawing of the vicinity of the discharge port of the syringe where the molding defect actually occurred
- FIG. 11B is the syringe shown in FIG. 11A.
- Figure 11C is an image taken by illuminating the inspection range of the actual object with ultraviolet light and capturing the reflected ultraviolet light from the direction directly facing the discharge port P (direction facing the axial direction).
- burrs D5 are formed on the inner surface of the discharge port P as a molding defect.
- the burr D5 is caused by the increasing density and crystallization of the resin within the mold, and can be considered as a type of the above-mentioned structural defect.
- burrs appear as bright areas in both Figures 11B and 11C
- Figure 11B which is an image of reflected ultraviolet light
- normal areas other than burrs also appear as bright areas, making it difficult to distinguish.
- FIG. 11C which is an image in the fluorescence wavelength range, it can be confirmed that the burr part emits fluorescence at a clearly higher intensity than other parts, as shown by region X5.
- FIGS. 12A to 12D show an example in which the flange portion of the syringe is the inspection range.
- the flange portion is located on the side opposite to the discharge port of the syringe, and is a portion that is integrally molded with the cylindrical portion of the syringe as a part on which a finger is placed when operating the syringe.
- FIG. 12A is a drawing of the flange portion of a syringe in which a molding defect actually occurred.
- a pair of notches C are formed in the flange portion so as to be located on one diagonal line, but one of the notches C has a defect D6 called a gate horn.
- FIG. 12B shows an enlarged image of the actually occurring defect D6.
- Defect D6 is a molding defect caused by poor management near the resin injection port (gate) into the mold, and is caused by increased densification and crystallization, and is considered a type of microstructural defect described above. It is possible to capture
- FIG. 12C the entire flange shown in FIG. 12B is illuminated with ultraviolet light as an inspection range, and the inspection range is imaged by capturing the reflected ultraviolet light from a direction directly facing the flange (direction facing the axial direction).
- the image in FIG. 12D is an image obtained by capturing the same range as FIG. 12C from the same direction by limiting the wavelength range of the imaging target to the wavelength range of fluorescence emission.
- markers set during the image processing process are shown as thin white lines, but these do not indicate the intensity of reflected light or fluorescence.
- the ultraviolet light image of FIG. 12C it is impossible or difficult to identify the portion corresponding to defect D6.
- FIG. 12D which is an image in the fluorescence wavelength range, it can be confirmed that the defect D6 portion emits fluorescence at a clearly higher intensity than other portions, as shown by region X6.
- tissue defects in syringes formed by injection molding can also be clearly detected by capturing images in the fluorescence wavelength range, as in the case of PET resin bottles. It is possible to do so.
- the resin material or the molding method of the resin molded product if there is a molding defect that increases the wall thickness, or a molding defect that increases the density or crystallization of the resin, it can be detected based on the fluorescence intensity in the image. It is possible to determine the presence or absence of molding defects.
- the condition of the resin molded product that can be inspected is not limited to the presence or absence of molding defects. If we take the correspondence between the intensity of the detection target light emitted when a resin molded product is irradiated with excitation light such as ultraviolet light and the state of at least one of the shape and structure of the resin molded product as a clue, , it is possible to inspect various conditions using a method similar to the above embodiment. For example, marking portions representing various information such as letters, numbers, symbols, etc. may be formed on resin molded products such as bottles. The marking portion may include elements common to the above-mentioned molding defects such as uneven thickness defects and texture defects in that the shape and structure of the resin molded product have changed.
- the marking part is a method that changes the structure of the resin by transferring the uneven shape on the mold to the resin molded product, or by applying laser marking treatment to locally carbonize, melt, or foam the resin.
- the intensity of the detection target light changes with respect to the surroundings of the marking part, and it is possible to detect the change using the change as a clue.
- FIG. 13 shows an image of the markings applied to the shoulder of the bottle and the surrounding area taken by the inspection device 1 shown in FIG. An example is shown. Furthermore, an example of an image obtained by illuminating the same bottle with visible light in the wavelength range and capturing the image in the same wavelength range as the illumination light is shown. As is clear from comparing those images, in the image of FIG. 13, the marking part is displayed as a high-brightness part in area X7, and there is a difference in brightness between the marking part and its surroundings. can be confirmed.
- the marking portion shown in FIG. 13 is formed using a laser marking method, and the resin of the bottle melts and foams at the laser-marked portion, changing the structure and crystal structure.
- the marking section shown in Fig. 13 is composed of a combination of letters, numbers, and symbols for use in bottle traceability, for example, but since the images are taken of bottles that were actually distributed, the marking section is The parts are shown masked. The brightness of the masked part is the same as that of other parts of the marking part.
- FIG. 15 shows an example of an image taken by the inspection device 1 of FIG. 1 of the marking part applied to the neck of the bottle and the surrounding area.
- the marking part in FIG. 15 is formed by a method of transferring the uneven shape applied to the mold during the preform molding stage to the neck part, and the shape at the marking part changes from the shape of its surroundings. It is possible to consider this as an example of a passage.
- the wall thickness at the marking portion is equivalent to the wall thickness around it. However, the wall thickness at the marking portion may be different from the wall thickness around the marking portion. Alternatively, a structural change such as increased density may occur in at least a portion of the marking portion due to overstretching of the resin or the like. In the image of FIG.
- the marking part especially the edge part, is displayed as a high brightness part in the area X8, and it can be confirmed that there is a difference in brightness between the marking part and its surroundings. If the thickness of the marking area changes more than the surrounding area, or if a structural change similar to whitening occurs, the fluorescence intensity of the marking area will become higher, similar to the case of uneven thickness or tissue defects described above. , it is estimated that the difference in brightness between the marking part and its surroundings will further increase.
- the inspection method according to the above-mentioned embodiment can detect a location where the change is occurring.
- the inspection of the marking part for example, it is possible to detect the part showing the fluorescence intensity that should be observed in the marking part based on the fluorescence intensity in the obtained image, and to inspect the marking part based on the detection result. It is. In this case, the inspection targets various matters related to the marking part, such as whether the marking part is formed correctly, whether the position of the marking part is appropriate, and whether the information indicated by the marking part is correct. It's okay to be.
- Inspection of the shape and structure of the resin molded product may be performed in parallel or in sequence regarding a plurality of inspection items. For example, the presence or absence of molding defects and the suitability of the marking portion may be inspected in parallel or sequentially from the same image. If such a complex inspection is performed using a common inspection device, there will be an advantage that the time required for the inspection can be shortened or the load on the equipment required for the inspection can be reduced.
- the imaging device 12 including the camera 13 is used as the imaging means, but the imaging means is not necessarily limited to an example using a camera.
- the inspection of the present invention if data representing the signal intensity corresponding to the intensity of the detection target light in the inspection range of the resin molded product can be obtained, the presence or absence of molding defects is determined based on the intensity of the detection target light indicated by the data. It is possible to inspect. Therefore, data reflecting the intensity of the detection target light is obtained using various sensors that output detection signals according to the intensity of the detection target light, and the data is shaped based on the intensity of the detection target light in the obtained data. The presence or absence of defects may be inspected.
- data indicating the intensity distribution of the detection target light in the inspection range may be acquired using a light intensity sensor having a two-dimensional planar detection range.
- data indicating the intensity distribution of the detection target light in the inspection range may be acquired by scanning the inspection range with a one-dimensional light intensity sensor (line sensor).
- the data thus acquired is substantially equivalent to the image data acquired by the camera 13 of the above configuration in that it has a signal intensity that corresponds to the intensity distribution of the detection target light. Therefore, such data is also included in the concept of "image” in the present invention, and a detection device using various sensors for acquiring such data is included in the concept of "imaging means" in the present invention. It is included in
- the inspection method for a resin molded product is an inspection method for inspecting a resin molded product (2), in which light in a wavelength range different from the wavelength range of the irradiated light is used as detection target light.
- a procedure for imaging such that the wavelength range of the excitation light is included in the wavelength range of the imaging target while the wavelength range of the excitation light is excluded from the wavelength range of the imaging target, and the intensity of the detection target light in the captured image.
- the method includes a procedure for inspecting the presence or absence of molding defects in the inspection range based on the inspection range.
- An inspection device (1) for a resin molded product is an inspection device for inspecting molding defects in a resin molded product (2), and is an inspection device that uses a wavelength range different from the wavelength range of the irradiated light.
- illumination means (11) for illuminating an inspection range of the resin molded product with excitation light that can be emitted from the resin molded product as detection target light
- Imaging means (12) for imaging the inspection range in such a way that the wavelength range of the detection target light is included in the wavelength range of the imaging target, while the wavelength range of the excitation light is excluded from the wavelength range of the imaging target; and an inspection means (22) for inspecting the state of at least one of the shape and structure of the resin molded product in the inspection range based on the intensity of the detection target light in the captured image. It is something.
- the wall thickness of the resin molded product may locally increase or decrease compared to its normal state, or the molecular chains of the resin may become oriented. If molding defects occur such as densification, crystallization progresses, and local deformation of the resin structure, or if the shape or structure of the resin molded product is intentionally changed, The intensity of the emitted light to be detected will be different from that in the case where the above change has not occurred. Therefore, if the inspection range of a resin molded product illuminated with excitation light is imaged with the wavelength range of the imaging target set as described above, the intensity of the detection target light in the obtained image can be reduced.
- the state of at least one of the shape and structure of the resin molded product can be inspected. Since the condition of the resin molded product can be inspected by image processing, it is possible to perform the inspection more efficiently and with higher precision than conventional inspections that rely on visual inspection.
- the condition of the resin molded product may include testing for molding defects regarding at least one of the shape and structure of the resin molded product. According to this, it is possible to inspect the presence or absence of molding defects efficiently and with high precision.
- the excitation light may be ultraviolet light, for example, and the detection target light may be fluorescence generated in the resin molded product.
- the presence or absence of the molding defect is determined by determining whether or not there is a location in the image that shows an intensity outside the range of the intensity of the detection target light when the molding defect does not occur. may be inspected.
- the inspection means may also be inspected in the same manner. In this case, it is possible to detect molding defects efficiently and with high precision by inspecting whether there are any places in the image where the intensity of the detection target light deviates from the normal range due to molding defects. It is possible.
- a location of the intensity of the detection target light that should be observed in the case where a molding defect occurs due to a thickness deviation in the resin molded product or a change in the crystal structure of the resin is detected in the image.
- the presence or absence of the molding defect may be inspected by determining whether or not it exists.
- the inspection means may also be inspected in the same manner. In this case, it is possible to detect molding defects caused by deviations in wall thickness or changes in crystal structure based on the intensity of the detection target light in the image.
- the condition of the resin molded product may be a marking portion formed by changing at least one of the shape and the structure of the resin molded product. Furthermore, in the inspection procedure or means, a location of the intensity of the detection target light to be observed at the marking part in the resin molded product may be detected, and the marking part may be inspected based on the detection result. According to this, it is possible to inspect the suitability of the marking portion using the fluorescence intensity in the image as a clue.
- the resin molded product may be formed by blow molding or injection molding. According to this, molding defects of resin molded products formed by blow molding or injection molding can be inspected efficiently and with high precision according to the present invention.
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Abstract
In the present invention, an inspection area of a bottle 2, which is a resin molded article, is irradiated with excitation rays, such as ultraviolet rays. Detection target light, such as a fluorescent light, of a wavelength region different from the wavelength region of the excitation rays is released from the bottle 2. An image is captured of the inspection area of the bottle 2 irradiated with the excitation rays, such that the wavelength region to be imaged includes the wavelength region of the detection target light, while the wavelength region to be imaged excludes the wavelength region of the excitation light. A state, such as the presence/absence of a molding defect or pass/fail of a marking part, pertaining to the shape and/or structure of the resin molded article in the inspection area, is inspected on the basis of the intensity of the detection target light in the captured image.
Description
本発明は、特定波長域の励起光を樹脂成形品に照射したときに波長域が異なる光が放出される現象を利用して樹脂成形品を検査する方法等に関する。
The present invention relates to a method of inspecting a resin molded product by utilizing the phenomenon that light having different wavelength ranges is emitted when the resin molded product is irradiated with excitation light in a specific wavelength range.
特定波長域の励起光を樹脂成形品に照射したときに、励起光とは異なる波長域の光が樹脂成形品から放出される現象を利用して検査対象の適否を検査する手法が知られている。例えば、PET樹脂(ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂)製のボトルを紫外光で照明してボトルを蛍光発光させることにより、ボトルに巻かれたラベルやボトルに施された印字部等の検査対象とボトルとの間に明暗差を生じさせ、その明暗差を手掛かりとして検査対象の良否を判別する手法が提案されている(例えば特許文献1及び2参照)。
There is a known method for inspecting the suitability of an inspection target by utilizing the phenomenon that when a resin molded product is irradiated with excitation light in a specific wavelength range, light in a wavelength range different from that of the excitation light is emitted from the resin molded product. There is. For example, by illuminating a bottle made of PET resin (polyethylene terephthalate resin) with ultraviolet light and causing the bottle to emit fluorescence, it is possible to create a connection between the bottle and the inspection object, such as a label wrapped around the bottle or a printed part on the bottle. A method has been proposed in which a difference in brightness is generated in the object, and the quality of the object to be inspected is determined using the difference in brightness as a clue (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
樹脂製のボトルは概ね中空円筒形のプリフォームをブロー成形して形成される。ブロー成形では、プリフォームの形状誤差、成形品質に影響する温度その他の各種のパラメータの制御誤差等により、樹脂の延伸が局部的に不足して肉厚が不均一になる偏肉不良が成形不良の一種として生じることがある。あるいは、延伸が過度に進行した場合には分子鎖が配向して高密度化が進むことにより白化等の成形不良が生じることもある。成形不良はブロー成形に限ったものではない。射出成形の場合でも、例えば金型の合わせ面や樹脂の導入口に沿ってバリが発生し、あるいは金型の温度管理の不備等に起因して成形不良が生じることがある。プリフォームの原料の品質、プリフォームの成形段階における加熱等の成形条件の不備等に起因して口部に黄変の不良が発生し、口部はブロー成形では延伸されないため、ブロー成形後のボトルの口部における黄変がそのまま成形不良として残ることもある。従来、樹脂成形品の成形不良の検査は作業者による目視に委ねられているが、検査効率や検査品質に関して改善が求められる。特に、樹脂成形の省力化、自動化を進めるためには、成形不良を効率よくかつ高精度で検査することが可能な技術の開発が要望されている。上述した従来の検査方法は、ボトルを蛍光発光させてボトルそれ自体を発光源として機能させることにより、ボトルに付属するラベル等の検査対象の欠損等の有無を判別するものであって、ボトルの成形不良を検査するものではない。
A resin bottle is formed by blow molding a generally hollow cylindrical preform. In blow molding, molding defects are caused by uneven wall thickness, which is caused by local insufficient stretching of the resin and uneven wall thickness due to errors in the shape of the preform, control errors in temperature and other various parameters that affect molding quality, etc. It may occur as a type of. Alternatively, if the stretching progresses excessively, the molecular chains become oriented and densification progresses, which may result in molding defects such as whitening. Molding defects are not limited to blow molding. Even in the case of injection molding, for example, burrs may occur along the mating surfaces of the molds or along the resin inlet, or molding defects may occur due to inadequate temperature control of the molds. Yellowing defects occur at the mouth due to the quality of the raw materials for the preform and inadequate molding conditions such as heating during the preform molding stage.The mouth is not stretched during blow molding, so Yellowing at the mouth of the bottle may remain as a molding defect. Conventionally, inspection for molding defects in resin molded products has been left to visual inspection by operators, but improvements are required in terms of inspection efficiency and inspection quality. In particular, in order to promote labor saving and automation of resin molding, there is a demand for the development of technology that can efficiently and accurately inspect molding defects. The above-mentioned conventional inspection method uses the bottle to emit fluorescence to function as a light source, thereby determining the presence or absence of defects in the inspection target such as the label attached to the bottle. It is not intended to inspect molding defects.
また、樹脂成形品の成形不良は、肉厚等の形状が本来の形状から変化し、あるいは白化や黄変といったように樹脂成形品の構造、例えば結晶構造、が本来の構造から変化することが要因となって発生する。樹脂成形品の形状、あるいは構造に関する状態の変化を手掛かりとして樹脂成形品を検査する手法を見出すことができれば、その手法を利用した検査方法等は、成形不良に限らず樹脂成形品の各種の状態の検査に利用することが可能であって、検査方法等の適用範囲を広げる上で好都合である。
In addition, molding defects in resin molded products can occur when the shape, such as wall thickness, changes from the original shape, or when the structure of the resin molded product, for example, the crystal structure, changes from the original structure, such as whitening or yellowing. It occurs as a cause. If it is possible to find a method to inspect resin molded products based on changes in the shape or structure of the resin molded product, inspection methods using that method can be used to detect not only molding defects but also various conditions of resin molded products. It can be used for testing, and is convenient for expanding the scope of application of testing methods, etc.
そこで、本発明の一態様においては、励起光の照射に対して検出対象光が放出される現象を利用して、樹脂成形品の形状及び構造の少なくともいずれか一方に関する状態を検査することが可能な樹脂成形品の検査方法等を提供することを目的とする。また、本発明のさらなる態様においては、成形不良の有無を効率よくかつ高精度で検査することが可能な樹脂成形品の検査方法等を提供すること、あるいは樹脂成形品に施されたマーキング部を効率よくかつ高精度で検査することが可能な検査方法等を提供することを併せて目的とする。
Therefore, in one aspect of the present invention, it is possible to inspect the state of at least one of the shape and structure of a resin molded product by utilizing the phenomenon in which detection target light is emitted in response to irradiation with excitation light. The purpose of this research is to provide a method for inspecting resin molded products. Further, a further aspect of the present invention is to provide an inspection method for a resin molded product that can efficiently and highly accurately inspect the presence or absence of molding defects, or to inspect a marking part applied to a resin molded product. Another purpose of the present invention is to provide an inspection method etc. that can be inspected efficiently and with high precision.
本発明の一態様に係る樹脂成形品の検査方法は、樹脂成形品を検査するための検査方法であって、照射した光の波長域とは異なる波長域の光を検出対象光として前記樹脂成形品から放出させることが可能な励起光により前記樹脂成形品の検査範囲を照明する手順と、前記励起光にて照明された前記樹脂成形品の前記検査範囲を、前記検出対象光の波長域が撮像対象の波長域に含まれる一方で前記励起光の波長域が前記撮像対象の波長域からは除かれるようにして撮像する手順と、撮像された画像中における前記検出対象光の強度に基づいて、前記検査範囲における前記樹脂成形品の形状及び構造の少なくともいずれか一方に関する状態を検査する手順と、を含んだものである。
A method for inspecting a resin molded product according to one aspect of the present invention is an inspection method for inspecting a resin molded product, in which light in a wavelength range different from the wavelength range of the irradiated light is used as detection target light to detect the resin molded product. A step of illuminating an inspection range of the resin molded product with excitation light that can be emitted from the product, and a step of illuminating the inspection range of the resin molded product illuminated with the excitation light, in which the wavelength range of the detection target light is Based on the procedure of imaging such that the wavelength range of the excitation light is excluded from the wavelength range of the imaging target while being included in the wavelength range of the imaging target, and the intensity of the detection target light in the captured image. , a procedure for inspecting the state of at least one of the shape and structure of the resin molded product in the inspection range.
本発明の一態様に係る樹脂成形品の検査装置は、樹脂成形品を検査するための検査装置であって、照射した光の波長域とは異なる波長域の光を検出対象光として前記樹脂成形品から放出させることが可能な励起光により前記樹脂成形品の検査範囲を照明する照明手段と、前記励起光にて照明された前記樹脂成形品の前記検査範囲を、前記検出対象光の波長域が撮像対象の波長域に含まれる一方で前記励起光の波長域が前記撮像対象の波長域からは除かれるようにして撮像する撮像手段と、撮像された画像中における前記検出対象光の強度に基づいて、前記検査範囲における前記樹脂成形品の形状及び構造の少なくともいずれか一方に関する状態を検査する検査手段と、を含んだものである。
An inspection device for a resin molded product according to one aspect of the present invention is an inspection device for inspecting a resin molded product, and uses light in a wavelength range different from the wavelength range of the irradiated light as detection target light to detect the resin molded product. an illumination means for illuminating an inspection range of the resin molded product with excitation light that can be emitted from the product; is included in the wavelength range of the imaging target, while the wavelength range of the excitation light is excluded from the wavelength range of the imaging target, and the intensity of the detection target light in the captured image is and an inspection means for inspecting the state of at least one of the shape and structure of the resin molded product in the inspection range based on the inspection range.
以下、添付図面を参照して本発明の一形態を説明する。本形態の検査方法では、特定波長域の励起光を樹脂成形品に照射したときに、その励起光の波長域とは異なる波長域の光が検出対象光として放出され、その検出対象光の強度と樹脂成形品の形状や構造に関する状態に応じて検出対象光の強度が変化する性質を利用して樹脂成形品が検査される。ここでいう形状は、樹脂成形品の肉厚、凹凸といった外形的な形態を特徴付ける各種の事項を含んでよい。構造は、樹脂成形品の結晶構造、組織構造といった材料的な性質を特徴付ける各種の事項を含んでよい。検査対象の状態としては、形状や構造に関連付けられ各種のた状態を含み得る。以下では、樹脂成形品の成形不良を例に挙げて検査方法等の一形態を説明する。樹脂成形品の成形不良は、肉厚等の形状が本来の形状から変化し、あるいは白化や黄変といったように樹脂成形品の結晶構造や組織構造が本来あるべき構造から変化することが要因となって発生する。一方、樹脂成形品に励起光を照射したときに放出される検出対象光の強度と、樹脂成形品の形状や構造との間には、例えば樹脂成形品の肉厚や密度が大きいほど検出対象光の強度も高くなる関係が生じる。その性質を利用して成形不良の有無を検査することが可能である。
Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the inspection method of this embodiment, when a resin molded product is irradiated with excitation light in a specific wavelength range, light in a wavelength range different from that of the excitation light is emitted as detection target light, and the intensity of the detection target light is The resin molded product is inspected using the property that the intensity of the detection target light changes depending on the shape and structure of the resin molded product. The shape here may include various items that characterize the external shape of the resin molded product, such as wall thickness and unevenness. The structure may include various items that characterize the material properties of the resin molded product, such as crystal structure and organizational structure. The conditions to be inspected may include various conditions associated with shapes and structures. Hereinafter, one form of the inspection method will be described using a molding defect of a resin molded product as an example. Molding defects in resin molded products are caused by changes in the shape, such as wall thickness, from the original shape, or changes in the crystal structure or organizational structure of the resin molded product, such as whitening or yellowing. It happens. On the other hand, there is a difference between the intensity of the detection target light emitted when a resin molded product is irradiated with excitation light and the shape and structure of the resin molded product. A relationship arises in which the intensity of light also increases. Utilizing this property, it is possible to inspect the presence or absence of molding defects.
図1は、本発明の一形態に係る検査方法にて用いられる検査装置の一例を示している。図1の検査装置は、励起光の一例として特定波長域の紫外光を利用し、紫外光の照射に対応して生じる蛍光を検出対象光の一例として、成形不良の有無を検査する。検査対象となるべき樹脂成形品は、一例としてボトル2である。検査装置1は、ボトル2の蛍光に基づく画像を取得する画像取得部10と、取得された画像を処理して成形不良の有無を検査する処理部20とを備えている。ボトル2は、一例として、概ね中空円筒形のPET樹脂製のプリフォーム(予備成形体)を、所定の金型(成形型)内でブロー成形することによって形成される。ボトル2の胴部2aは概ね円筒形であり、首部2bと胴部2aの間の肩部2cは概ね円錐台形状である。底部2dは、その中心部が軸線AXに沿って内側に窪んだ形状である。成形不良の例は後述する。
FIG. 1 shows an example of an inspection device used in an inspection method according to one embodiment of the present invention. The inspection apparatus shown in FIG. 1 uses ultraviolet light in a specific wavelength range as an example of excitation light, and uses fluorescence generated in response to the ultraviolet light irradiation as an example of detection target light to inspect for molding defects. The resin molded product to be inspected is the bottle 2, for example. The inspection device 1 includes an image acquisition unit 10 that acquires an image based on fluorescence of the bottle 2, and a processing unit 20 that processes the acquired image and inspects the presence or absence of molding defects. The bottle 2 is formed, for example, by blow-molding a generally hollow cylindrical preform made of PET resin in a predetermined mold (molding mold). The body 2a of the bottle 2 has a generally cylindrical shape, and the shoulder 2c between the neck 2b and the body 2a has a generally truncated conical shape. The bottom portion 2d has a shape in which the center portion is recessed inward along the axis AX. Examples of molding defects will be described later.
画像取得部10は、ボトル2を照明する照明手段の一例としての照明装置11と、そのボトル2を撮像する撮像手段の一例としての撮像装置12とを備えている。照明装置11は、ボトル2の検査範囲を所定の照明光によって照明する。検査範囲は、ボトル2の全体であってもよいし、ボトル2の一部であってもよい。照明装置11は、ボトル2を蛍光発光させることが可能な波長域の紫外光を照明光として照射する。紫外光の波長域の具体例は後述する。図1の例においては、ボトル2の胴部2aから肩部2cにかけての範囲が検査範囲として設定される。照明装置11は、一例として、その検査範囲を斜め上方から照明する上部照明器11aと、ボトル2の同一の検査範囲を斜め下方から照明する下部照明器11bとを含む。ただし、ボトル2の検査範囲は上記の通り適宜に変更されてよく、照明装置11の構成及び照明方向もボトル2の検査範囲に合わせて適宜に変更されてよい。例えば、ボトル2の首部2bや肩部2cを検査する場合には、それらの位置に合わせて照明装置11及び撮像装置12が配置されてよい。底部2dを検査する場合には、撮像装置12のカメラ13をボトル2の下方に配置してその撮像光軸Lpを軸線AXと一致させ、かつ照明装置11も底部2dを斜め方向から照明するように配置されてよい。
The image acquisition unit 10 includes an illumination device 11 as an example of an illumination means for illuminating the bottle 2, and an imaging device 12 as an example of an imaging means for taking an image of the bottle 2. The illumination device 11 illuminates the inspection range of the bottle 2 with predetermined illumination light. The inspection range may be the entire bottle 2 or a part of the bottle 2. The illumination device 11 irradiates the bottle 2 with ultraviolet light in a wavelength range that can cause the bottle 2 to emit fluorescence as illumination light. Specific examples of the wavelength range of ultraviolet light will be described later. In the example of FIG. 1, the range from the body 2a to the shoulder 2c of the bottle 2 is set as the inspection range. The lighting device 11 includes, for example, an upper illuminator 11a that illuminates the inspection range from diagonally above, and a lower illuminator 11b that illuminates the same inspection range of the bottle 2 from diagonally below. However, the inspection range of the bottle 2 may be changed as appropriate as described above, and the configuration and illumination direction of the illumination device 11 may also be changed as appropriate according to the inspection range of the bottle 2. For example, when inspecting the neck 2b and shoulder 2c of the bottle 2, the illumination device 11 and the imaging device 12 may be placed in accordance with their positions. When inspecting the bottom part 2d, the camera 13 of the imaging device 12 is arranged below the bottle 2 so that its imaging optical axis Lp coincides with the axis AX, and the illumination device 11 is also arranged to illuminate the bottom part 2d from an oblique direction. may be placed in
撮像装置12は、カメラ13と、カメラ13への入射光の波長域を検査に適した範囲に制限するフィルタ14とを含んでいる。カメラ13は、例えば、CCD、CMOS等の撮像素子を用いてボトル2の光学像を電気的な画像信号に変換する。カメラ13は、蛍光発光したボトル2の検査範囲を撮像する。撮像方向は、一例として、照明装置11による照明方向と同一の側からボトル2を撮像するように設定される。図1の例では、カメラ13の撮像光軸Lpが水平方向に向けられ、照明器11a、11bの光軸La、Lbが撮像光軸Lpを挟んで対称的に延びるように照明器11a、11b及びカメラ13が配置されている。なお、撮像方向はボトル2で生じる蛍光の強度分布を明確に反映した画像を撮像できる限りにおいて、紫外光による照明方向と同一の側に設定されることを必ずしも要しない。例えば、ボトル2の検査範囲にもよるが、ボトル2を軸線方向に沿って照明し、胴部側方からカメラ13で撮像するといったように、照明方向と撮像方向とが図1とは異なる関係に設定されてもよい。
The imaging device 12 includes a camera 13 and a filter 14 that limits the wavelength range of light incident on the camera 13 to a range suitable for inspection. The camera 13 converts an optical image of the bottle 2 into an electrical image signal using, for example, an image sensor such as a CCD or a CMOS. The camera 13 images the inspection range of the bottle 2 emitting fluorescent light. The imaging direction is set, for example, so that the bottle 2 is imaged from the same side as the illumination direction by the lighting device 11. In the example of FIG. 1, the imaging optical axis Lp of the camera 13 is oriented in the horizontal direction, and the illuminators 11a and 11b are arranged so that the optical axes La and Lb of the illuminators 11a and 11b extend symmetrically across the imaging optical axis Lp. and a camera 13 are arranged. Note that the imaging direction does not necessarily need to be set on the same side as the illumination direction by ultraviolet light, as long as an image that clearly reflects the intensity distribution of fluorescence generated in the bottle 2 can be taken. For example, depending on the inspection range of the bottle 2, the relationship between the illumination direction and the imaging direction is different from that shown in FIG. may be set to .
カメラ13の撮像範囲は、少なくともボトル2の検査範囲の画像を撮像できるように設定されていればよい。なお、検査時において、ボトル2は静止していてもよいし、移動していてもよい。例えば、飲料の充填ラインにカメラ13を設置し、カメラ13の撮像範囲にボトル2が達したタイミングでカメラ13に撮像動作を実行させることにより、移動中のボトル2が逐次撮像されてもよい。ボトル2の全周を検査範囲として撮像するといったように、一台のカメラ13による一回の撮像動作では検査範囲の一部しか撮像できない場合には、ボトル2を自転させ、ボトル2の全周が複数回に分けて撮像されるようにカメラ13の撮像動作を制御することにより検査範囲の全体の画像が撮像されてもよい。ボトル2を固定し、照明装置11及び撮像装置12をボトル2の回りに移動させて検査範囲の全体の画像が撮像されてもよい。あるいは、ボトル2を異なる方向から撮像する複数のカメラ13を設け、ボトル2の検査範囲をそれらのカメラ13で周方向に分担して撮像してもよい。照明装置11は常時点灯でもよいし、カメラ13の撮像動作に同期して点灯するように制御されてもよい。なお、検査範囲はボトル2の全周に設定されることを必ずしも要しない。また、検査範囲は一定の広がりを有する面として設定されることを必ずしも要しない。例えば、ボトル2上に複数のスポット状の検出位置を設定し、それらの検出位置の集合を検査範囲として、各検出位置の画像を検査範囲の画像としてカメラ13にて撮像してもよい。そのような画像を撮像するためには、例えばカメラ13の撮像素子が捉えた画像から、検出位置に対応する画素群を画像信号の読み出し対象としてカメラ13から出力させてもよいし、カメラ13からは撮像素子の撮像範囲に対応する画像信号を出力させ、その画像信号のうち検出位置に対応する画像信号を抽出して検出範囲の画像を取得してもよい。複数のスポット状の検出位置の集合を検査範囲とする場合、検出位置の個数を増加させることにより、検査の精度を向上させることが可能である。いずれにしても、カメラ13の撮像範囲は検査範囲を含むように設定されてよく、検査範囲はカメラ13の撮像範囲の少なくとも一部に設定されてよい。
The imaging range of the camera 13 may be set so that at least an image of the inspection range of the bottle 2 can be captured. Note that during the inspection, the bottle 2 may be stationary or may be moving. For example, the moving bottle 2 may be sequentially imaged by installing the camera 13 on a beverage filling line and causing the camera 13 to perform an imaging operation at the timing when the bottle 2 reaches the imaging range of the camera 13. If only a part of the inspection range can be imaged with one imaging operation using one camera 13, such as capturing an image of the entire circumference of the bottle 2 as an inspection range, the bottle 2 may be rotated and the entire circumference of the bottle 2 may be imaged. An image of the entire inspection range may be captured by controlling the imaging operation of the camera 13 so that the image is captured in multiple times. The bottle 2 may be fixed, and the illumination device 11 and the imaging device 12 may be moved around the bottle 2 to capture an image of the entire inspection range. Alternatively, a plurality of cameras 13 may be provided to take images of the bottle 2 from different directions, and the inspection range of the bottle 2 may be shared in the circumferential direction by these cameras 13 to take images. The lighting device 11 may be lit all the time, or may be controlled to be lit in synchronization with the imaging operation of the camera 13. Note that the inspection range does not necessarily need to be set around the entire circumference of the bottle 2. Further, the inspection range does not necessarily need to be set as a surface having a certain extent. For example, a plurality of spot-like detection positions may be set on the bottle 2, a set of these detection positions may be set as an inspection range, and an image of each detection position may be imaged by the camera 13 as an image of the inspection range. In order to capture such an image, for example, from the image captured by the image sensor of the camera 13, a pixel group corresponding to the detection position may be outputted from the camera 13 as an image signal readout target, or Alternatively, an image signal corresponding to the imaging range of the image sensor may be output, and an image signal corresponding to the detection position may be extracted from the image signal to obtain an image of the detection range. When a set of a plurality of spot-shaped detection positions is used as an inspection range, the accuracy of inspection can be improved by increasing the number of detection positions. In any case, the imaging range of the camera 13 may be set to include the inspection range, and the inspection range may be set to at least a part of the imaging range of the camera 13.
フィルタ14は、カメラ13による撮像対象となる波長域に関し、ボトル2にて生じる蛍光の波長域が撮像対象の波長域に含まれる一方で、ボトル2を照明する紫外光の波長域が撮像対象の波長域からは除かれるようにしてカメラ13への入射光の波長域を調整する。ただし、フィルタ14の分光特性は紫外光の波長域のカメラ13への入射を完全に遮断するように設定されることを必ずしも要しない。カメラ13にて撮像される画像が、蛍光強度の分布を反映した明暗分布を示し、かつ紫外光の波長域が明暗分布に与える影響が画像中から実質的に除かれる程度に紫外光の波長域の通過をフィルタ14にて制限できればよい。換言すれば、カメラ13に入射する光の波長域に関して、ボトル2にて生じる蛍光の波長域と比較してボトル2を照明する紫外光の波長域が制限されるようにフィルタ14の分光特性が設定されていればよい。その限りにおいて、フィルタ14は紫外光の波長域の入射を完全に阻止する例に限定されず、紫外光の波長域の入射光量を蛍光の波長域のそれに比して相対的に減少させるものであってもよい。
Regarding the wavelength range to be imaged by the camera 13, the filter 14 is arranged such that the wavelength range of fluorescence generated in the bottle 2 is included in the wavelength range of the imaged object, while the wavelength range of ultraviolet light illuminating the bottle 2 is included in the wavelength range of the imaged object. The wavelength range of the incident light to the camera 13 is adjusted so that it is excluded from the wavelength range. However, the spectral characteristics of the filter 14 do not necessarily need to be set to completely block the incidence of the ultraviolet light wavelength range into the camera 13. The wavelength range of ultraviolet light is such that the image captured by the camera 13 shows a brightness distribution reflecting the distribution of fluorescence intensity, and the influence of the wavelength range of ultraviolet light on the brightness distribution is substantially eliminated from the image. It is only necessary that the filter 14 restricts the passage of the light. In other words, the spectral characteristics of the filter 14 are such that the wavelength range of the ultraviolet light that illuminates the bottle 2 is limited compared to the wavelength range of the fluorescence generated in the bottle 2 with respect to the wavelength range of the light incident on the camera 13. It is sufficient if it is set. To that extent, the filter 14 is not limited to completely blocking the incidence of ultraviolet light in the wavelength range, but may be one that relatively reduces the amount of incident light in the ultraviolet wavelength range compared to that in the fluorescence wavelength range. There may be.
一方、蛍光の波長域に関しては、検査に必要な光量の蛍光がカメラ13に入射すれば足りる。蛍光の全波長域がフィルタ14を通過してカメラ13に入射するようにフィルタ14の分光特性が設定されてもよいし、蛍光の一部の波長域はフィルタ14によりカメラ13への入射が制限されてもよい。例えば、蛍光の波長域のうち、照明光としての紫外光の波長域に比較的近い短波長側の一部の波長域については、フィルタ14にてその通過を制限し、その制限される波長域よりも長波長側の蛍光についてはフィルタ14を通過してカメラ13に入射させるようにフィルタ14の分光特性が設定されてもよい。
On the other hand, regarding the wavelength range of fluorescence, it is sufficient that the amount of fluorescence necessary for inspection is incident on the camera 13. The spectral characteristics of the filter 14 may be set so that the entire wavelength range of the fluorescence passes through the filter 14 and enters the camera 13, or the filter 14 restricts the incidence of part of the wavelength range of the fluorescence into the camera 13. may be done. For example, in the wavelength range of fluorescence, for a part of the wavelength range on the short wavelength side that is relatively close to the wavelength range of ultraviolet light as illumination light, the filter 14 restricts its passage, and the restricted wavelength range The spectral characteristics of the filter 14 may be set so that fluorescence with wavelengths longer than that of the filter 14 passes through the filter 14 and enters the camera 13.
フィルタ14を用いて撮像対象の波長域を制限する理由は次の通りである。ボトル2からカメラ13に向かう光には、ボトル2で生じた蛍光のみならずボトル2で反射した紫外光も含まれる。紫外光がカメラ13に入射すると、得られる画像に紫外光の影響が出現し、蛍光の強度分布に基づく成形不良の検査に支障をきたすおそれがある。一方、PET樹脂で生じる蛍光の波長域は、照射された紫外光の波長域と一致せず、両者の波長域にはずれが生じる。したがって、蛍光の波長域がカメラ13の撮像対象の波長域に含まれる一方で、紫外光の波長域が撮像対象の波長域から除かれるようにフィルタ14の分光特性を設定すれば、ボトル2上での反射光の影響を抑えて蛍光の強度分布を正しく反映した画像を撮像することができる。なお、撮像対象の波長域を選別する手段としては、カメラ13とは別部品としてのフィルタ14を用いることを必ずしも要しない。例えば、カメラ13の撮像素子が感度を示す波長域を選択可能な機能をカメラ13が備えている場合には、その機能を利用して撮像対象の波長域が調整されてもよい。なお、ボトル2からの反射光に、励起光の波長に対して2倍の波長をもつ二次光等の高次光成分が含まれる等、励起光の波長域及び検出対象とすべき蛍光の波長域のいずれとも異なる波長域の光が外乱成分として含まれ、かつその外乱成分が画像中の明暗差に影響を与える場合には、外乱成分も撮像対象の波長域から除かれるようにフィルタ14の分光特性やカメラ13の感度が設定されてよい。
The reason why the filter 14 is used to limit the wavelength range of the imaging target is as follows. The light directed from the bottle 2 toward the camera 13 includes not only fluorescence generated in the bottle 2 but also ultraviolet light reflected by the bottle 2. When ultraviolet light enters the camera 13, the resulting image is affected by the ultraviolet light, which may impede inspection for molding defects based on the fluorescence intensity distribution. On the other hand, the wavelength range of fluorescence generated in PET resin does not match the wavelength range of the irradiated ultraviolet light, and a difference occurs between the two wavelength ranges. Therefore, if the spectral characteristics of the filter 14 are set so that the wavelength range of fluorescence is included in the wavelength range of the object to be imaged by the camera 13, while the wavelength range of ultraviolet light is excluded from the wavelength range of the object to be imaged, It is possible to capture an image that accurately reflects the intensity distribution of fluorescence by suppressing the influence of reflected light. Note that it is not necessarily necessary to use the filter 14 as a separate component from the camera 13 as a means for selecting the wavelength range of the imaging target. For example, if the camera 13 has a function that allows selection of the wavelength range in which the image sensor of the camera 13 exhibits sensitivity, the wavelength range of the imaging target may be adjusted using that function. Note that the wavelength range of the excitation light and the wavelength range of the fluorescence to be detected may be such that the reflected light from the bottle 2 contains higher-order light components such as secondary light with a wavelength twice that of the excitation light. If light in a wavelength range different from any of the above is included as a disturbance component and the disturbance component affects the brightness difference in the image, the filter 14 spectroscopy is adjusted so that the disturbance component is also removed from the wavelength range of the imaging target. The characteristics and the sensitivity of the camera 13 may be set.
なお、画像取得部10が設置された環境におけるボトル2の照明光は、主として照明装置11による照明光にてボトル2が照明され、かつボトル2で生じる蛍光の強度分布を反映した画像がカメラ13にて撮像される限りにおいて、可視域の環境光、例えば自然光が含まれてもよい。すなわち、環境光を遮光し、照明装置11からの照明光によってのみボトル2が照明されてもよいし、蛍光の強度分布を反映した画像に実質的な影響を与えない限りにおいて幾らかの環境光がボトル2に入射してもよい。あるいは、フィルタ14等を利用して、蛍光強度を反映した画像の撮像に対して不要となる可視域の光の影響をカメラ13にて撮像される画像から除いてもよい。
Note that the illumination light of the bottle 2 in the environment where the image acquisition unit 10 is installed is mainly the illumination light from the illumination device 11, and the image reflecting the intensity distribution of fluorescence generated in the bottle 2 is captured by the camera 13. Ambient light in the visible range, such as natural light, may be included as long as the image is captured in the image. That is, the bottle 2 may be illuminated only by the illumination light from the illumination device 11 while blocking the environmental light, or some environmental light may be used as long as it does not substantially affect the image reflecting the intensity distribution of fluorescence. may be incident on bottle 2. Alternatively, the filter 14 or the like may be used to remove from the image captured by the camera 13 the influence of light in the visible range that is unnecessary for capturing an image reflecting the fluorescence intensity.
次に、図2~図4を参照して照明装置11の紫外光の波長域等の選定に関する具体的な検討について説明する。図2は、PET樹脂のサンプル片に紫外光を照射したときの3次元蛍光スペクトルを測定した結果を示している。縦軸は照射した紫外光の波長であり、横軸は蛍光の波長である。図中の等高線の粗密は蛍光強度を示し、密であるほど蛍光強度が高い。図2によれば、365nm付近の紫外光をPET樹脂に照射した場合、380~430nmの波長域において比較的強度が高い蛍光が生じる。
Next, a specific study regarding selection of the wavelength range of ultraviolet light of the lighting device 11 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4. FIG. 2 shows the results of measuring a three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum when a sample piece of PET resin was irradiated with ultraviolet light. The vertical axis is the wavelength of the irradiated ultraviolet light, and the horizontal axis is the wavelength of fluorescence. The density of the contour lines in the figure indicates the fluorescence intensity, and the denser the contour lines, the higher the fluorescence intensity. According to FIG. 2, when PET resin is irradiated with ultraviolet light around 365 nm, relatively high intensity fluorescence is generated in the wavelength range of 380 to 430 nm.
図3は、ボトル2を照明する紫外光の分光強度と、ボトル2の蛍光発光の分光強度と、フィルタ14の分光感度との関係を示している。図3の横軸は波長を、縦軸は紫外光及び蛍光の分光強度及びフィルタ14の分光感度をそれぞれ示す。図3から理解されるように、365nm付近にて分光強度がピークを示す紫外光にてPET樹脂製を照明した場合、380nm~430nmの波長域で蛍光が生じる。紫外光の分光強度の分布と、蛍光の分光強度の分布とは一部重複するが、紫外光の波長域が360nm~380nmの範囲であれば、フィルタ14の分光特性を、概ね400nmから長波長側の光を通過させ、それよりも短波長側の波長域の通過を制限するように設定すれば、紫外光のカメラ13への入射を抑えつつ、ボトル2で発生した蛍光を効率よくカメラ13に入射させることができる。
FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the spectral intensity of the ultraviolet light that illuminates the bottle 2, the spectral intensity of the fluorescence emission from the bottle 2, and the spectral sensitivity of the filter 14. In FIG. 3, the horizontal axis represents the wavelength, and the vertical axis represents the spectral intensity of ultraviolet light and fluorescence and the spectral sensitivity of the filter 14, respectively. As understood from FIG. 3, when a PET resin is illuminated with ultraviolet light whose spectral intensity peaks around 365 nm, fluorescence occurs in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 430 nm. Although the spectral intensity distribution of ultraviolet light and the spectral intensity distribution of fluorescence partially overlap, if the wavelength range of ultraviolet light is in the range of 360 nm to 380 nm, the spectral characteristics of the filter 14 can be changed from approximately 400 nm to long wavelengths. If the setting is made to allow the light from the bottle 2 to pass through and to restrict the passage of the shorter wavelength range, the fluorescence generated in the bottle 2 can be efficiently transmitted to the camera 13 while suppressing the incidence of ultraviolet light to the camera 13. It can be input to
図2によれば、紫外光の波長域を320nm付近がピークとなるように設定すれば、より多くの蛍光を得ることが可能である。しかし、その場合は蛍光の波長域も短波長側にシフトする。図4に示すように、可視光域の画像を撮像する目的で使用される一般的なカメラの分光感度は、550nm付近の感度が最も高い。カメラの感度は、長波長側は1000nm付近で、短波長側では400nm付近で実質的に失われる。したがって、紫外光の波長域を320nm付近に設定すれば、カメラ13が十分な分光感度を示す波長域に対して蛍光の波長域が外れるおそれがある。そのため、照明装置11から照射する紫外光は、上記のように360nm~380nmの範囲に設定することが好ましい。
According to FIG. 2, it is possible to obtain more fluorescence by setting the wavelength range of the ultraviolet light so that the peak is around 320 nm. However, in that case, the wavelength range of fluorescence also shifts to the shorter wavelength side. As shown in FIG. 4, the spectral sensitivity of a general camera used for the purpose of capturing images in the visible light range is highest near 550 nm. The sensitivity of the camera is substantially lost at around 1000 nm on the long wavelength side and around 400 nm on the short wavelength side. Therefore, if the wavelength range of ultraviolet light is set to around 320 nm, the wavelength range of fluorescence may deviate from the wavelength range in which the camera 13 exhibits sufficient spectral sensitivity. Therefore, it is preferable that the ultraviolet light emitted from the lighting device 11 be set in the range of 360 nm to 380 nm as described above.
次に、図5A~図5Cを参照して、本形態の検査方法にて検出の対象となる成形不良の例を説明する。ボトル2のブロー成形は、プリフォームをガラス転移温度まで加熱させてゴム状に軟化させ、その状態でプリフォームを延伸ロッドにてボトル2の軸線AX(図1)の方向に延伸しつつプリフォーム内にガス圧を導入し、それによりプリフォームを縦横の2軸方向に延伸させて冷却固化するといった手順で行われる。プリフォームに形状誤差がある場合、あるいは、成形過程での各種の操作や制御、例えば、プリフォームを加熱するヒータ出力(加熱量)等の樹脂加熱に関する温度管理、延伸ロッドによる延伸操作、金型の各部の温度管理等に不備がある場合には、プリフォームを均質に延伸させることができず、成形不良が発生することがある。例えば、延伸が局部的に不足すると、肉厚が不均一となる偏肉不良が発生することがある。図5Aはボトル2の肩部に偏肉部D1が生じた例を示し、図5Bはボトル2の底部に偏肉部D2が生じた例を示している。あるいは、図5Cに示すように、延伸が不均一に進行した結果として底部に芯ずれ部D3が発生することもある。芯ずれ部D3は、本来であればボトル2の底部の軸線AXを中心として肉厚が相対的に大きい芯部が形成されるべきところ、その不均一な延伸により底部の中心から偏って肉厚が分布することにより発生する。したがって、芯ずれ部D3も偏肉部D1、D2と同様に偏肉不良の一種として捉えることが可能である。その他にも、胴部等の他の箇所にて偏肉不良が発生することもある。
Next, with reference to FIGS. 5A to 5C, an example of molding defects to be detected by the inspection method of this embodiment will be described. Blow molding of the bottle 2 involves heating the preform to the glass transition temperature to soften it into a rubber-like state, and then stretching the preform in the direction of the axis AX of the bottle 2 (Fig. 1) using a stretching rod. This is carried out by introducing gas pressure into the preform, thereby stretching the preform in two axial directions (vertical and horizontal), and cooling and solidifying it. If there is a shape error in the preform, or various operations and controls during the molding process, such as temperature control related to resin heating such as heater output (heating amount) to heat the preform, stretching operation with a stretching rod, mold If there is a deficiency in the temperature control, etc. of each part of the preform, the preform may not be stretched uniformly, and molding defects may occur. For example, if stretching is insufficient locally, uneven thickness defects may occur where the thickness becomes non-uniform. 5A shows an example in which an uneven thickness portion D1 occurs at the shoulder portion of the bottle 2, and FIG. 5B shows an example in which an uneven thickness portion D2 occurs in the bottom portion of the bottle 2. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 5C, a misaligned portion D3 may occur at the bottom as a result of uneven stretching. In the misaligned portion D3, a core portion with a relatively large wall thickness should be formed centering on the axis AX of the bottom of the bottle 2, but due to the uneven stretching, the wall thickness deviates from the center of the bottom portion. This occurs due to the distribution of Therefore, the misaligned portion D3 can also be regarded as a type of defective thickness unevenness like the uneven thickness portions D1 and D2. In addition, uneven thickness defects may occur at other locations such as the body.
一方、延伸が過度に進行した箇所では、樹脂の分子鎖が配向し、高密度化が生じて結晶化が進行する。その結果、白化、黄変といった可視光域での色調の変化を伴った組織の変成が成形不良として生じることがある。なお、黄変はプリフォームの成形段階で生じるが、ブロー成形後も残る点でボトルの成形不良の一種である。以下、その種の成形不良を組織不良と称することがある。例えば、図5Cに示したように、ボトル2の底部と胴部の境界となるコーナー部、又はその付近に白化部D4が生じることがある。その他、図示を省略したが、ボトル2の口部が正常時に比して曲がるように変形した結果として、その変形箇所の周囲の肉厚が増加して偏肉不良が生じることがある。あるいは、ボトル2の口部や底部の一部又は全体に白化や黄変の組織不良が生じることもある。
On the other hand, at locations where stretching has progressed excessively, the molecular chains of the resin are oriented, densification occurs, and crystallization progresses. As a result, deterioration of the structure accompanied by a change in color tone in the visible light range, such as whitening or yellowing, may occur as a molding defect. Although yellowing occurs during the preform molding stage, it remains after blow molding and is a type of bottle molding defect. Hereinafter, this type of molding defect may be referred to as a structure defect. For example, as shown in FIG. 5C, a whitened portion D4 may occur at or near a corner that forms a boundary between the bottom and body of the bottle 2. In addition, although not shown in the drawings, as a result of the mouth of the bottle 2 being deformed so as to be bent compared to its normal state, the wall thickness around the deformed portion may increase, resulting in uneven thickness defects. Alternatively, tissue defects such as whitening or yellowing may occur in part or the entire mouth or bottom of the bottle 2.
以上のような偏肉不良、あるいは組織不良が生じている箇所では、紫外光の照射に対して生じる蛍光の強度が、それらの不良がない場合に生じる蛍光強度の範囲とは異なるものとなる。例えば、偏肉不良の場合は、肉厚が正常時よりも増加した箇所にて蛍光強度が正常時のそれよりも高まる。組織不良の場合は樹脂密度が正常時よりも高くなることによって蛍光強度が正常時のそれよりも高まる。そのような蛍光強度の変化を手掛かりとすれば、偏肉不良や組織不良等の成形不良が生じているか否かを判別することが可能である。図1の検査装置1を用いてボトル2を実際に撮影した画像の例を図6A~図10Bに示す。いずれの画像でも、蛍光強度が高いほど画像中の明度が高くなる。
At locations where such uneven thickness defects or tissue defects occur, the intensity of fluorescence generated in response to ultraviolet light irradiation differs from the range of fluorescence intensity that would occur in the absence of these defects. For example, in the case of an uneven thickness defect, the fluorescence intensity is higher than that in the normal case at a location where the wall thickness is increased compared to the normal one. In the case of tissue failure, the resin density becomes higher than normal, and the fluorescence intensity becomes higher than normal. If such a change in fluorescence intensity is used as a clue, it is possible to determine whether molding defects such as uneven thickness or texture defects have occurred. Examples of images actually taken of the bottle 2 using the inspection device 1 of FIG. 1 are shown in FIGS. 6A to 10B. In any image, the higher the fluorescence intensity, the higher the brightness in the image.
図6A及び図6Bはボトルの首部と肩部との境界付近を撮像した例であり、図6Aは成形不良がない正常なボトルの画像、図6Bは領域X1にて偏肉不良が生じているボトルの画像である。これらの画像の比較から、偏肉不良によって肉厚が増加した箇所の蛍光強度が正常な場合よりも高まることが確認できる。図7A~図7Cはボトルの底部を撮像した例であり、図7Aは成形不良がない正常なボトルの底部の画像、図7Bは芯ずれが生じている底部の画像、図7Cはボトル底部の外周側に白化が生じ、かつ底部の中心側の領域X3にて偏肉が生じている場合の画像である。芯ずれが生じた図7Bの画像では、図7Aの正常な画像と比較して蛍光強度が高い領域X2が相対的に拡大し、その位置も正常な画像と比較して偏心していることが確認できる。偏肉及び白化が生じた図7Cの画像では、図7Aの正常な画像と比較して、底部外周が白化の影響で明るく映り、かつ中心側は偏肉の影響で明るく映っていることが確認できる。なお、図7Cの例は中心部の偏肉に伴って底部の外周側で延伸が過度に進行する過延伸状態が生じ、それにより高密度化・結晶化が進んだことが不良の発生原因と推察される。
6A and 6B are examples of images of the vicinity of the boundary between the neck and shoulder of the bottle. FIG. 6A is an image of a normal bottle with no molding defects, and FIG. 6B is an image of a normal bottle with uneven thickness in region X1. This is an image of a bottle. From a comparison of these images, it can be confirmed that the fluorescence intensity in areas where the wall thickness has increased due to uneven thickness defects is higher than in the normal case. 7A to 7C are examples of images taken of the bottom of a bottle. FIG. 7A is an image of the bottom of a normal bottle with no molding defects, FIG. 7B is an image of the bottom with misalignment, and FIG. 7C is an image of the bottom of the bottle. This is an image where whitening occurs on the outer circumferential side and uneven thickness occurs in the area X3 on the center side of the bottom. In the image of FIG. 7B in which misalignment has occurred, region X2 with high fluorescence intensity is relatively enlarged compared to the normal image of FIG. 7A, and its position is also confirmed to be eccentric compared to the normal image. can. In the image of Figure 7C where uneven thickness and whitening have occurred, compared to the normal image of Figure 7A, it is confirmed that the outer periphery of the bottom appears brighter due to the influence of whitening, and the center side appears brighter due to the influence of uneven thickness. can. In addition, in the example shown in Fig. 7C, an over-stretched state occurs in which stretching progresses excessively on the outer circumferential side of the bottom due to uneven thickness at the center, and as a result, densification and crystallization progresses, which is the cause of the defect. It is inferred.
図8A及び図8Bはボトルの底側のコーナー部を図1の斜め下方から撮像した例であり、図8Aは成形不良がない正常なボトルの画像、図8Bは領域X4にて白化が生じているボトルの画像である。これらの画像の比較から、白化が生じている箇所の蛍光強度が正常な場合よりも高まることが確認できる。図9A~図9Cはボトルの胴部の一部を撮像した例であり、図9Aは成形不良がない正常なボトルの画像、図9Bは僅かに白化が生じているボトルの画像、図9Cは明確に白化が生じているボトルの画像である。これらの画像の比較からも、白化が生じた箇所では蛍光強度が正常な場合よりも高まることが確認できる。図10A及び図10Bはボトルの口部を撮像した例であり、図10Aは成形不良がない正常なボトルの画像、図10Bは口部の略全体に黄変の成形不良が生じているボトルの画像である。これらの画像の比較から、黄変が生じた箇所では蛍光強度が正常な場合よりも高まることが確認できる。なお、黄変の発生原因は必ずしも明確ではないが、プリフォームの成形時における成形条件の不備によって結晶化が局部的に進行し、それにより、特定波長域の吸収効率が高まって黄味を帯びることが一因と推定される。
8A and 8B are examples of the bottom corner of the bottle taken from diagonally below in FIG. 1. FIG. 8A is an image of a normal bottle with no molding defects, and FIG. 8B is an image of a bottle with whitening in area X4. This is an image of the bottle. Comparison of these images confirms that the fluorescence intensity in areas where whitening has occurred is higher than in the normal case. 9A to 9C are examples of images of a part of the body of a bottle. FIG. 9A is an image of a normal bottle with no molding defects, FIG. 9B is an image of a bottle with slight whitening, and FIG. 9C is an image of a bottle with slight whitening. This is an image of a bottle with clear whitening. Comparison of these images also confirms that the fluorescence intensity is higher in areas where whitening has occurred than in normal cases. 10A and 10B are examples of images taken of the mouth of a bottle. FIG. 10A is an image of a normal bottle with no molding defects, and FIG. 10B is an image of a bottle with molding defects such as yellowing over almost the entire mouth. It is an image. Comparison of these images confirms that the fluorescence intensity is higher in areas where yellowing occurs than in normal cases. Although the cause of yellowing is not necessarily clear, crystallization progresses locally due to inadequate molding conditions during preform molding, which increases the absorption efficiency in a specific wavelength range and causes a yellowish tinge. This is presumed to be one of the reasons.
以上の画像の例からも明らかなように、偏肉不良、あるいは組織不良といった成形不良が生じている箇所では、紫外光の照射に対して生じる蛍光の強度が、成形不良が生じていない正常時における蛍光強度の範囲とは異なるものとなる。したがって、蛍光発光したボトルの画像中における蛍光の強度を手掛かりとして、成形不良の有無を判別することが可能である。例えば、成形不良がない場合に生じるべき蛍光強度の範囲から外れる蛍光強度(例えば正常時の範囲を超えて高い蛍光強度)を示す箇所が画像中に存在するか否かを判別することにより成形不良の有無を判別することができる。より具体的には、成形不良がない正常なボトルでは蛍光強度が相対的に小さくて画像中の暗部となるべき箇所に、蛍光強度が相対的に高い明部が出現しているか否かを検査し、そのような明部が出現していれば成形不良が生じていると判別することができる。正常なボトルにて明部となるべき箇所に暗部が出現している場合も成形不良と判別してもよい。あるいは、偏肉不良又は組織不良が生じた場合に観察されるべき蛍光強度を予め把握しておき、そのような蛍光強度の箇所が画像中に存在するか否かによって成形不良の有無が判別されてもよい。
As is clear from the example images above, in areas where molding defects such as uneven thickness or tissue defects occur, the intensity of the fluorescence generated in response to ultraviolet light irradiation is different from that of normal conditions without molding defects. The range of fluorescence intensity will be different from the range of fluorescence intensity at . Therefore, it is possible to determine the presence or absence of a molding defect using the intensity of fluorescence in an image of a bottle emitting fluorescence as a clue. For example, molding defects can be detected by determining whether or not there are locations in the image that exhibit fluorescence intensity that is outside the range of fluorescence intensity that should occur when there are no molding defects (for example, fluorescence intensity that is higher than the normal range). It is possible to determine the presence or absence of More specifically, we examine whether a bright area with relatively high fluorescence intensity appears in a normal bottle with no molding defects, where the fluorescence intensity is relatively low and should be a dark area in the image. However, if such a bright area appears, it can be determined that a molding defect has occurred. It may also be determined that there is a molding defect if a dark area appears in a normal bottle where it should be a bright area. Alternatively, the fluorescence intensity that should be observed when uneven thickness or tissue defects occur is known in advance, and the presence or absence of molding defects can be determined based on whether a location with such fluorescence intensity exists in the image. It's okay.
図7Aに示されているように、正常なボトルでも底部の芯部を中心とした一定範囲が明部として出現し、あるいは図8Aに示されているように、ボトルを撮像する方向によっては、正常なボトルであっても画像中の一部に明部が出現することがある。このような明部が出現する場合であっても、明部の範囲、強度等が正常時と成形不良時とでは差があるため、正常時の蛍光強度の分布を基準として、実際に撮像された画像における蛍光強度の分布(明暗分布)の異同を検査すれば、成形不良の有無を判別することが可能である。成形不良の有無の判別では、強度の異同のみならず、強度分布の位置的な異同も考慮されてよい。すなわち、強度の一致又は不一致に関する情報のみならず、位置的な一致又は不一致に関する情報が検査にて考慮されてよい。例えば、一定以上の強度を持つ箇所の位置が正常時のそれと比較して一致するか否かを判別し、位置が異なっていれば成形不良が発生し、又は成形不良が発生している可能性があると判断されてもよい。
As shown in FIG. 7A, even in a normal bottle, a certain area centered around the bottom core appears as a bright area, or as shown in FIG. 8A, depending on the direction in which the bottle is imaged, Even if the bottle is normal, bright areas may appear in some parts of the image. Even if such a bright area appears, there are differences in the range, intensity, etc. of the bright area between normal conditions and defective molding, so the actual imaging is based on the normal fluorescence intensity distribution. By inspecting the differences in the distribution of fluorescence intensity (brightness distribution) in the images, it is possible to determine the presence or absence of molding defects. In determining the presence or absence of molding defects, not only differences in strength but also positional differences in intensity distribution may be taken into consideration. That is, not only information regarding intensity matches or mismatches, but also information regarding positional matches or mismatches may be taken into account in the test. For example, the position of a part with strength above a certain level is compared with the normal position to determine whether it matches or not, and if the position is different, a molding defect has occurred, or there is a possibility that a molding defect has occurred. It may be determined that there is.
図1に戻って、検査装置1の処理部20を説明する。処理部20は、画像取得部10によって撮像された画像中における蛍光強度に基づいて成形不良の有無を検査する。処理部20は、一例として、CPU及びその動作に必要な内部記憶装置等を含んだコンピュータユニットを用いて構成される。処理部20には、画像調整部21と検査部22とが設けられている。画像調整部21及び検査部22は、例えば処理部20のコンピュータハードウエアと、ソフトウエアとしてのコンピュータプログラムの一例である検査プログラムPGとの組み合わせによって実現される論理的装置として設けられる。ただし、処理部20の少なくとも一部は、LSI等の論理回路を組み合わせた物理的装置として構成されてもよい。なお、処理部20には、検査装置1のオペレータが適宜の指示を入力するためのキーボード、ポインティングデバイスといった各種の入力手段が接続されてよい。図1では、入力手段の図示が省略されている。
Returning to FIG. 1, the processing section 20 of the inspection device 1 will be explained. The processing unit 20 inspects the presence or absence of molding defects based on the fluorescence intensity in the image captured by the image acquisition unit 10. The processing unit 20 is configured using, for example, a computer unit including a CPU and an internal storage device necessary for its operation. The processing section 20 is provided with an image adjustment section 21 and an inspection section 22. The image adjustment section 21 and the inspection section 22 are provided as logical devices realized by, for example, a combination of the computer hardware of the processing section 20 and an inspection program PG, which is an example of a computer program as software. However, at least a portion of the processing unit 20 may be configured as a physical device combining logic circuits such as LSI. Note that the processing unit 20 may be connected to various input means such as a keyboard and a pointing device for the operator of the inspection apparatus 1 to input appropriate instructions. In FIG. 1, illustration of input means is omitted.
画像調整部21は、カメラ13から出力される画像信号を受け取り、検査部22の検査に適した画像処理を施すことにより、カメラ13で撮像された画像を検査部22の検査に適した画像に調整する。例えば、画像調整部21は、画像の明度、コントラスト等の補正処理等を実施してよい。検査部22は、画像調整部21にて処理された画像信号を受け取り、成形不良の有無を検査する。それにより、検査部22は検査手段の一例として機能する。
The image adjustment unit 21 receives the image signal output from the camera 13 and performs image processing suitable for the inspection by the inspection unit 22 to convert the image captured by the camera 13 into an image suitable for the inspection by the inspection unit 22. adjust. For example, the image adjustment unit 21 may perform correction processing for image brightness, contrast, and the like. The inspection section 22 receives the image signal processed by the image adjustment section 21 and inspects the presence or absence of molding defects. Thereby, the inspection section 22 functions as an example of inspection means.
検査部22の処理は、画像中の蛍光強度に基づいて成形不良の有無を判別可能である限りにおいて、適宜に構成されてよい。例えば、検査部22は、カメラ13が撮像した画像中の明暗差を利用して、蛍光強度が所定の判定値を超える範囲を明部、それ以外の範囲を暗部として画像を二値化し、正常なボトルの画像では明部が存在しない箇所にて明部が出現している場合、その箇所を成形不良の個所として判別してもよい。上述したように、正常なボトルでも蛍光強度が相対的に高い明部として出現する箇所がある場合には、その明部を誤って成形不良として判断しないように検査の手法を構成すればよい。例えば、正常なボトルの画像を基準画像として用意し、実際に撮像された検査範囲の画像と基準画像との差分を取って、基準画像にて暗部となるべき位置に明部が出現している場合に、その明部を成形不良と判断してもよい。あるいは、差分を取ることなく、正常なボトルの場合に明部が出現する範囲を示したマスクを用意し、実際に撮像された検査範囲の画像とマスクとを重ね合わせて、正常時でも明部となる範囲を検査部22による明部の検出対象の範囲から除外する、といった処理が適用されてもよい。さらに、正常なボトルでは明部となるべき位置に暗部が出現している場合に、その暗部を成形不良と判断してもよい。検査部22は、成形不良と判断された場合に、その不良個所を検査結果としてモニタ23に表示させ、あるいは記憶装置24に記憶させてもよい。検査結果の出力手段はモニタ23、及び記憶装置24に限らず、プリンタが出力手段として接続されてもよい。
The processing of the inspection unit 22 may be configured as appropriate as long as the presence or absence of molding defects can be determined based on the fluorescence intensity in the image. For example, the inspection unit 22 uses the difference in brightness in the image captured by the camera 13 to binarize the image, treating the range where the fluorescence intensity exceeds a predetermined judgment value as a bright area and the other range as a dark area, and then In an image of a bottle, if a bright area appears at a location where no bright area exists, that location may be determined as a location of defective molding. As described above, if even a normal bottle has a bright area where the fluorescence intensity is relatively high, an inspection method may be configured to avoid erroneously determining the bright area as a molding defect. For example, an image of a normal bottle is prepared as a reference image, and the difference between the image of the inspection range that was actually captured and the reference image is taken, and a bright area appears in the position that should be a dark area in the reference image. In this case, the bright area may be determined to be a molding defect. Alternatively, without taking the difference, prepare a mask that shows the range where bright areas appear in a normal bottle, and superimpose the image of the inspection range that was actually taken and the mask to see if bright areas appear even in normal conditions. Processing may be applied in which a range where the range is excluded from the range to be detected as a bright part by the inspection unit 22. Furthermore, if a dark area appears at a position that should be a bright area in a normal bottle, the dark area may be determined to be a molding defect. When it is determined that there is a molding defect, the inspection section 22 may display the defective location on the monitor 23 or store it in the storage device 24 as an inspection result. The means for outputting test results is not limited to the monitor 23 and the storage device 24, but a printer may be connected as the output means.
以上に説明したように、本形態の検査装置1によれば、検査対象のボトル2の検査範囲を照明装置11の紫外光で照明し、蛍光発光したボトル2の画像を、蛍光の波長域が撮像対象の波長域に含まれる一方で紫外光の波長域が撮像対象の波長域からは除かれるようにしてカメラ13で撮像し、撮像された画像中の蛍光強度に基づいて検査部22にて成形不良の有無を検査することができる。そのような検査方法によれば、成形不良の有無を、作業者の目視に依存することなく、画像処理によって検査することができるため、成形不良の有無を効率よくかつ高精度で検査することができる。ボトルの成形ラインに検査装置1を適用してインラインで成形不良の有無を逐次検査することも可能である。
As explained above, according to the inspection device 1 of the present embodiment, the inspection range of the bottle 2 to be inspected is illuminated with ultraviolet light from the illumination device 11, and an image of the bottle 2 emitting fluorescence is displayed in the wavelength range of the fluorescence. The camera 13 captures an image in such a way that the wavelength range of ultraviolet light is included in the wavelength range of the imaging target while being excluded from the wavelength range of the imaging target, and the inspection unit 22 uses the fluorescence intensity in the captured image to The presence or absence of molding defects can be inspected. According to such an inspection method, the presence or absence of molding defects can be inspected by image processing without relying on visual inspection by the operator, so it is possible to efficiently and highly accurately inspect the presence or absence of molding defects. can. It is also possible to apply the inspection device 1 to a bottle molding line and successively inspect the presence or absence of molding defects in-line.
本発明は、上述した形態に限定されることなく、樹脂成形品を検査対象とした各種の成形不良の検査に適用可能である。樹脂成形品はブロー成形によって形成される例に限らず、射出成形によって形成されるものでもよい。樹脂成形品の照明に用いる励起光は、紫外光に限らない。励起光は、照射した光の波長域とは異なる波長域の光を樹脂成形品から放出させることが可能であればよく、検出対象光としてラマン散乱光を放出させることが可能な励起光が照明に用いられてもよい。したがって、励起光は紫外域に限らず可視光の波長域を含んでもよい。いずれにしても、励起光に対して検出対象光の波長域が相違し、励起光の波長域の像を除きつつ検出対象光の波長域の画像を撮像できれば、励起光と検出対象光との組み合わせは適宜に変更されてよい。樹脂成形品の素材もPET樹脂に限らず、紫外光等の励起光の照射に対して、励起光とは異なる波長域の光を放出する性質を持つ限り、各種の樹脂が素材とされてよい。また、検査対象の樹脂成形品はボトル状の容器に限定されることなく、ブロー成形にて形成される限りにおいて、各種の用途に向けられた樹脂成形品が検査対象とされてよい。PETボトルとは異なる樹脂成形品を検査対象とする例を図11A~図12Dにて説明する。
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but can be applied to various molding defects inspections on resin molded products. The resin molded article is not limited to the example formed by blow molding, but may be formed by injection molding. The excitation light used for illuminating resin molded products is not limited to ultraviolet light. The excitation light only needs to be able to emit light in a wavelength range different from the wavelength range of the irradiated light from the resin molded product, and the excitation light that can emit Raman scattered light as the detection target light is used for illumination. May be used for. Therefore, the excitation light is not limited to the ultraviolet range, but may include the visible light wavelength range. In any case, if the wavelength range of the detection target light is different from that of the excitation light and it is possible to capture an image of the detection target light while excluding the image of the excitation light wavelength range, the excitation light and the detection target light can be separated. The combination may be changed as appropriate. The material of the resin molded product is not limited to PET resin, but various resins may be used as long as they have the property of emitting light in a wavelength range different from the excitation light when irradiated with excitation light such as ultraviolet light. . Furthermore, the resin molded products to be inspected are not limited to bottle-shaped containers, and resin molded products for various uses may be inspected as long as they are formed by blow molding. An example in which a resin molded product different from a PET bottle is to be inspected will be explained with reference to FIGS. 11A to 12D.
図11A~図12Dは、成形不良が生じた医療用のシリンジの例を示している。医療用のシリンジは樹脂成形品の一例であって、COP樹脂(シクロオレフィンポリマー樹脂)を素材とする射出成形によって形成される。図11A~図11Cはシリンジの吐出口Pの付近を検査範囲とする例であり、図11Aは実際に成形不良が生じたシリンジの吐出口付近を描き起こした図、図11Bは図11Aのシリンジの現物における検査範囲を紫外光で照明しつつ吐出口Pと正対する方向(軸線方向に向かい合う方向)から紫外光の反射光を捉えて撮像した画像、図11Cは、撮像対象の波長域を蛍光発光の波長域に制限して、図11Bと同一範囲を同一方向から撮像した画像である。図11Aに示したように、吐出口Pの内面にはバリD5が成形不良として生じている。バリD5は、金型内で樹脂の高密度化、結晶化が進むことが原因で生じるものであって、上述した組織不良の一種として捉えることが可能である。図11B及び図11Cのいずれにもバリが明部として出現しているが、紫外光の反射光の画像である図11Bでは、バリ以外の正常箇所も同等の明部として出現し、判別が難しい。一方、蛍光の波長域の画像である図11Cでは領域X5で示したように、バリの部分が他の部分よりも明確に高い強度で蛍光発光していることが確認できる。
FIGS. 11A to 12D show examples of medical syringes with molding defects. A medical syringe is an example of a resin molded product, and is formed by injection molding using COP resin (cycloolefin polymer resin) as a material. 11A to 11C are examples in which the inspection area is near the discharge port P of the syringe. FIG. 11A is a drawing of the vicinity of the discharge port of the syringe where the molding defect actually occurred, and FIG. 11B is the syringe shown in FIG. 11A. Figure 11C is an image taken by illuminating the inspection range of the actual object with ultraviolet light and capturing the reflected ultraviolet light from the direction directly facing the discharge port P (direction facing the axial direction). This is an image captured from the same direction in the same range as FIG. 11B, limited to the wavelength range of light emission. As shown in FIG. 11A, burrs D5 are formed on the inner surface of the discharge port P as a molding defect. The burr D5 is caused by the increasing density and crystallization of the resin within the mold, and can be considered as a type of the above-mentioned structural defect. Although burrs appear as bright areas in both Figures 11B and 11C, in Figure 11B, which is an image of reflected ultraviolet light, normal areas other than burrs also appear as bright areas, making it difficult to distinguish. . On the other hand, in FIG. 11C, which is an image in the fluorescence wavelength range, it can be confirmed that the burr part emits fluorescence at a clearly higher intensity than other parts, as shown by region X5.
図12A~図12Dは、シリンジのフランジ部を検査範囲とする例を示している。フランジ部はシリンジの吐出口と反対側に位置し、シリンジの操作時に指を掛ける部位としてシリンジの円筒部と一体に成形される部分である。図12Aは実際に成形不良が生じたシリンジのフランジ部を描き起こした図である。フランジ部には、一つの対角線上に位置するようにして一対の切欠部Cが形成されるが、一方の切欠部Cにはゲートツノと称される欠陥D6が生じている。現実に発生した欠陥D6を拡大した画像を図12Bに示す。欠陥D6は、金型への樹脂の注入口(ゲート)付近の管理の不備によって生じる成形不良であり、高密度化、結晶化が進むことが原因で生じる点で、上述した組織不良の一種として捉えることが可能である。
FIGS. 12A to 12D show an example in which the flange portion of the syringe is the inspection range. The flange portion is located on the side opposite to the discharge port of the syringe, and is a portion that is integrally molded with the cylindrical portion of the syringe as a part on which a finger is placed when operating the syringe. FIG. 12A is a drawing of the flange portion of a syringe in which a molding defect actually occurred. A pair of notches C are formed in the flange portion so as to be located on one diagonal line, but one of the notches C has a defect D6 called a gate horn. FIG. 12B shows an enlarged image of the actually occurring defect D6. Defect D6 is a molding defect caused by poor management near the resin injection port (gate) into the mold, and is caused by increased densification and crystallization, and is considered a type of microstructural defect described above. It is possible to capture it.
図12Cは、図12Bに示すフランジ部の全体を検査範囲として紫外光で照明し、その検査範囲をフランジ部と正対する方向(軸線方向に向かい合う方向)から紫外光の反射光を捉えて撮像した画像、図12Dは、撮像対象の波長域を蛍光発光の波長域に制限して、図12Cと同一範囲を同一方向から撮像した画像である。なお、図12C及び図12Dでは、画像処理の過程で設定されたマーカーが細い白線で映っているが、それらは反射光や蛍光の強度を示すものではない。図12Cの紫外光による画像では、欠陥D6に相当する部分を識別することが不可能か又は困難である。一方、蛍光の波長域の画像である図12Dの画像では、領域X6で示したように欠陥D6の部分が他の部分よりも明確に高い強度で蛍光発光していることが確認できる。
In FIG. 12C, the entire flange shown in FIG. 12B is illuminated with ultraviolet light as an inspection range, and the inspection range is imaged by capturing the reflected ultraviolet light from a direction directly facing the flange (direction facing the axial direction). The image in FIG. 12D is an image obtained by capturing the same range as FIG. 12C from the same direction by limiting the wavelength range of the imaging target to the wavelength range of fluorescence emission. Note that in FIGS. 12C and 12D, markers set during the image processing process are shown as thin white lines, but these do not indicate the intensity of reflected light or fluorescence. In the ultraviolet light image of FIG. 12C, it is impossible or difficult to identify the portion corresponding to defect D6. On the other hand, in the image of FIG. 12D, which is an image in the fluorescence wavelength range, it can be confirmed that the defect D6 portion emits fluorescence at a clearly higher intensity than other portions, as shown by region X6.
図11A~図12Dの例から明らかなように、射出成形によって形成されるシリンジの組織不良も、PET樹脂製のボトルの例と同様に、蛍光の波長域の画像を撮像することによって明確に検出することが可能である。同様にして、樹脂素材や樹脂成形品の成形法を問わず、肉厚が増加する成形不良、あるいは樹脂の高密度化、結晶化が進む成形不良であれば、画像中における蛍光強度に基づいて成形不良の有無を判別可能である。
As is clear from the examples in FIGS. 11A to 12D, tissue defects in syringes formed by injection molding can also be clearly detected by capturing images in the fluorescence wavelength range, as in the case of PET resin bottles. It is possible to do so. Similarly, regardless of the resin material or the molding method of the resin molded product, if there is a molding defect that increases the wall thickness, or a molding defect that increases the density or crystallization of the resin, it can be detected based on the fluorescence intensity in the image. It is possible to determine the presence or absence of molding defects.
本発明の一態様において、検査可能な樹脂成形品の状態は、成形不良の有無に限らない。樹脂成形品に紫外光等の励起光を照射したときに放出される検出対象光の強度と、樹脂成形品の形状及び構造の少なくともいずれか一方に関する状態との間に対応関係を手掛かりとすれば、各種の状態を上記の形態と同様の手法で検査することが可能である。例えば、ボトル等の樹脂成形品には、文字、数字、記号等といった各種の情報を表すマーキング部が形成される場合がある。マーキング部は、樹脂成形品の形状や構造に関する状態が変化している点で、上述した偏肉不良や組織不良等の成形不良と共通する要素を含み得る。すなわち、樹脂成形品の成形不良は、肉厚等の形状が本来の形状から変化し、あるいは白化や黄変といったように樹脂成形品それ自体の構造が本来あるべき構造から変化することが要因となって発生する。一方、マーキング部は、金型に付された凹凸形状を樹脂成形品に転写し、あるいはレーザマーキング処理を施して樹脂を局所的に炭化、溶融、あるいは発泡させて樹脂の構造に変化を与える手法によって形成されることがある。そのような手法で形成されたマーキング部に関しては、検出対象光の強度がマーキング部の周囲に対して変化し、その変化を手掛かりとして検出することが可能である。
In one aspect of the present invention, the condition of the resin molded product that can be inspected is not limited to the presence or absence of molding defects. If we take the correspondence between the intensity of the detection target light emitted when a resin molded product is irradiated with excitation light such as ultraviolet light and the state of at least one of the shape and structure of the resin molded product as a clue, , it is possible to inspect various conditions using a method similar to the above embodiment. For example, marking portions representing various information such as letters, numbers, symbols, etc. may be formed on resin molded products such as bottles. The marking portion may include elements common to the above-mentioned molding defects such as uneven thickness defects and texture defects in that the shape and structure of the resin molded product have changed. In other words, molding defects in resin molded products are caused by changes in the shape, such as wall thickness, from the original shape, or changes in the structure of the resin molded product itself, such as whitening or yellowing, from the original structure. It happens. On the other hand, the marking part is a method that changes the structure of the resin by transferring the uneven shape on the mold to the resin molded product, or by applying laser marking treatment to locally carbonize, melt, or foam the resin. may be formed by Regarding the marking part formed by such a method, the intensity of the detection target light changes with respect to the surroundings of the marking part, and it is possible to detect the change using the change as a clue.
図13は、ボトルの肩部に施されたマーキング部及び周辺を図1の検査装置1によって撮像した画像、すなわちボトルを紫外光で照明し、励起された蛍光発光の波長域で撮像した画像の例を示している。また、同一のボトルを可視光の波長域で照明し、照明光と同一波長域で撮像した画像の例を示している。それらの画像を比較すれば明らかなように、図13の画像では、領域X7にてマーキング部が明度の高い部分として映し出され、マーキング部とその周囲との間にて明暗差が生じていることが確認できる。図13のマーキング部はレーザマーキング法を用いて形成されたものであって、レーザマーキングが施された箇所ではボトルの樹脂が溶融、発泡して組織構造、結晶構造が変化する。そのような構造の変化に伴って、蛍光発光の強度がマーキング部の周囲よりも高まることにより明暗差が拡大したものと推定される。なお、図13のマーキング部は、例えばボトルのトレーサビリティ等に用いるための文字、数字、記号を組み合わせて構成されるものであるが、実際に流通したボトルを撮像している関係でマーキング部の一部をマスキングして示している。マスキングされた部分の明度はマーキング部の他の箇所と同等である。
FIG. 13 shows an image of the markings applied to the shoulder of the bottle and the surrounding area taken by the inspection device 1 shown in FIG. An example is shown. Furthermore, an example of an image obtained by illuminating the same bottle with visible light in the wavelength range and capturing the image in the same wavelength range as the illumination light is shown. As is clear from comparing those images, in the image of FIG. 13, the marking part is displayed as a high-brightness part in area X7, and there is a difference in brightness between the marking part and its surroundings. can be confirmed. The marking portion shown in FIG. 13 is formed using a laser marking method, and the resin of the bottle melts and foams at the laser-marked portion, changing the structure and crystal structure. It is presumed that as a result of such a change in structure, the intensity of the fluorescent light emission is higher than that around the marking part, thereby increasing the difference in brightness and darkness. The marking section shown in Fig. 13 is composed of a combination of letters, numbers, and symbols for use in bottle traceability, for example, but since the images are taken of bottles that were actually distributed, the marking section is The parts are shown masked. The brightness of the masked part is the same as that of other parts of the marking part.
図15は、ボトルの首部に施されたマーキング部及び周辺を図1の検査装置1によって撮像した画像の例を示している。図15のマーキング部は、プリフォームの成形段階で金型に付された凹凸形状を首部に転写する手法によって形成されたものであって、マーキング部における形状がその周囲の形状から変化している箇所の例と捉えることが可能である。マーキング部における肉厚は、その周囲の肉厚と同等である。ただし、マーキング部における肉厚がその周囲の肉厚とは異なっていてもよい。あるいは、樹脂の過延伸等によりマーキング部の少なくとも一部にて高密度化といった構造的な変化が生じていてもよい。図15の画像では、領域X8にてマーキング部、特にはそのエッジ部分が明度の高い部分として映し出され、マーキング部とその周囲との間にて明暗差が生じていることが確認できる。マーキング部の肉厚がその周囲よりも大きく変化し、あるいは白化等と同様の構造変化が生じていれば、上述した偏肉不良や組織不良の場合と同様にマーキング部の蛍光強度がより高くなり、マーキング部とその周囲との明暗差がさらに拡大することが推定される。
FIG. 15 shows an example of an image taken by the inspection device 1 of FIG. 1 of the marking part applied to the neck of the bottle and the surrounding area. The marking part in FIG. 15 is formed by a method of transferring the uneven shape applied to the mold during the preform molding stage to the neck part, and the shape at the marking part changes from the shape of its surroundings. It is possible to consider this as an example of a passage. The wall thickness at the marking portion is equivalent to the wall thickness around it. However, the wall thickness at the marking portion may be different from the wall thickness around the marking portion. Alternatively, a structural change such as increased density may occur in at least a portion of the marking portion due to overstretching of the resin or the like. In the image of FIG. 15, the marking part, especially the edge part, is displayed as a high brightness part in the area X8, and it can be confirmed that there is a difference in brightness between the marking part and its surroundings. If the thickness of the marking area changes more than the surrounding area, or if a structural change similar to whitening occurs, the fluorescence intensity of the marking area will become higher, similar to the case of uneven thickness or tissue defects described above. , it is estimated that the difference in brightness between the marking part and its surroundings will further increase.
図13の画像によれば、ボトルの組織構造、あるいは結晶構造が変化している箇所を上記形態に係る検査方法にて検出可能であることが確認でき、図15の画像によればボトルの形状が変化している箇所を上記形態に係る検査方法にて検出可能であることが確認できる。マーキング部の検査では、例えば、得られた画像における蛍光強度に基づいて、マーキング部にて観察されるべき蛍光強度を示す箇所を検出し、その検出結果に基づいてマーキング部を検査することが可能である。この場合の検査は、例えばマーキング部が正しく形成されているか否か、マーキング部の位置が適正か否か、マーキング部が示す情報が正しいか否か、といったマーキング部に関する各種の事項が検査対象とされてよい。
According to the image in FIG. 13, it can be confirmed that locations where the bottle's organizational structure or crystal structure has changed can be detected using the above-mentioned inspection method, and the image in FIG. 15 shows that the bottle's shape is It can be confirmed that the inspection method according to the above-mentioned embodiment can detect a location where the change is occurring. In the inspection of the marking part, for example, it is possible to detect the part showing the fluorescence intensity that should be observed in the marking part based on the fluorescence intensity in the obtained image, and to inspect the marking part based on the detection result. It is. In this case, the inspection targets various matters related to the marking part, such as whether the marking part is formed correctly, whether the position of the marking part is appropriate, and whether the information indicated by the marking part is correct. It's okay to be.
樹脂成形品の形状及び構造に関する状態の検査は、複数の検査項目に関して並列的に又は順列的に実施されてよい。例えば、同一画像から成形不良の有無及びマーキング部の適否が並行して、又は順次に検査されてもよい。そのような複合的な検査を共通の検査装置にて実施すれば、検査の所要時間を短縮し、あるいは検査に要する設備の負担を軽減できるといった利点が得られる。
Inspection of the shape and structure of the resin molded product may be performed in parallel or in sequence regarding a plurality of inspection items. For example, the presence or absence of molding defects and the suitability of the marking portion may be inspected in parallel or sequentially from the same image. If such a complex inspection is performed using a common inspection device, there will be an advantage that the time required for the inspection can be shortened or the load on the equipment required for the inspection can be reduced.
上記の形態では、撮像手段として、カメラ13を含んだ撮像装置12を用いたが、撮像手段はカメラを用いる例に必ずしも限定されない。本発明の検査においては、樹脂成形品の検査範囲における検出対象光の強度に応じた信号強度を表すデータが取得できれば、そのデータにて示された検出対象光の強度に基づいて成形不良の有無を検査することが可能である。したがって、検出対象光の強度に応じた検出信号を出力する各種のセンサを利用して検出対象光の強度を反映したデータを取得し、得られたデータ中における検出対象光の強度に基づいて成形不良の有無が検査されてもよい。例えば、2次元平面状の検出範囲を有する光強度センサを用いて検査範囲における検出対象光の強度分布を示したデータが取得されてもよい。あるいは、1次元の光強度センサ(ラインセンサ)にて検査範囲を走査することにより、検査範囲における検出対象光の強度分布を示したデータが取得されてもよい。そのように取得されたデータは、検出対象光の強度分布に応じた信号強度を有する点で上記の形態のカメラ13にて取得される画像データと実質的に等価である。したがって、その種のデータも本発明における「画像」の概念に含まれるものであって、その種のデータを取得するための各種のセンサを用いた検出装置は本発明の「撮像手段」の概念に含まれるものである。
In the above embodiment, the imaging device 12 including the camera 13 is used as the imaging means, but the imaging means is not necessarily limited to an example using a camera. In the inspection of the present invention, if data representing the signal intensity corresponding to the intensity of the detection target light in the inspection range of the resin molded product can be obtained, the presence or absence of molding defects is determined based on the intensity of the detection target light indicated by the data. It is possible to inspect. Therefore, data reflecting the intensity of the detection target light is obtained using various sensors that output detection signals according to the intensity of the detection target light, and the data is shaped based on the intensity of the detection target light in the obtained data. The presence or absence of defects may be inspected. For example, data indicating the intensity distribution of the detection target light in the inspection range may be acquired using a light intensity sensor having a two-dimensional planar detection range. Alternatively, data indicating the intensity distribution of the detection target light in the inspection range may be acquired by scanning the inspection range with a one-dimensional light intensity sensor (line sensor). The data thus acquired is substantially equivalent to the image data acquired by the camera 13 of the above configuration in that it has a signal intensity that corresponds to the intensity distribution of the detection target light. Therefore, such data is also included in the concept of "image" in the present invention, and a detection device using various sensors for acquiring such data is included in the concept of "imaging means" in the present invention. It is included in
上述した実施の形態及び変形例のそれぞれから導き出される本発明の各種の態様を以下に記載する。なお、以下の説明では、本発明の各態様の理解を容易にするために添付図面に図示された対応する構成要素を括弧書きにて付記するが、それにより本発明が図示の形態に限定されるものではない。
Various aspects of the present invention derived from each of the embodiments and modifications described above will be described below. In the following description, in order to facilitate understanding of each aspect of the present invention, corresponding components illustrated in the accompanying drawings will be added in parentheses, but the present invention is not limited to the illustrated form. It's not something you can do.
本発明の一態様に係る樹脂成形品の検査方法は、樹脂成形品(2)を検査するための検査方法であって、照射した光の波長域とは異なる波長域の光を検出対象光として前記樹脂成形品から放出させることが可能な励起光により前記樹脂成形品の検査範囲を照明する手順と、前記励起光にて照明された前記樹脂成形品の前記検査範囲を、前記検出対象光の波長域が撮像対象の波長域に含まれる一方で前記励起光の波長域が前記撮像対象の波長域からは除かれるようにして撮像する手順と、撮像された画像中における前記検出対象光の強度に基づいて、前記検査範囲における成形不良の有無を検査する手順と、を含んだものである。
The inspection method for a resin molded product according to one aspect of the present invention is an inspection method for inspecting a resin molded product (2), in which light in a wavelength range different from the wavelength range of the irradiated light is used as detection target light. A step of illuminating an inspection range of the resin molded product with excitation light that can be emitted from the resin molded product, and a step of illuminating the inspection range of the resin molded product illuminated with the excitation light with the detection target light. A procedure for imaging such that the wavelength range of the excitation light is included in the wavelength range of the imaging target while the wavelength range of the excitation light is excluded from the wavelength range of the imaging target, and the intensity of the detection target light in the captured image. The method includes a procedure for inspecting the presence or absence of molding defects in the inspection range based on the inspection range.
本発明の一態様に係る樹脂成形品の検査装置(1)は、樹脂成形品(2)の成形不良を検査するための検査装置であって、照射した光の波長域とは異なる波長域の光を検出対象光として前記樹脂成形品から放出させることが可能な励起光により前記樹脂成形品の検査範囲を照明する照明手段(11)と、前記励起光にて照明された前記樹脂成形品の前記検査範囲を、前記検出対象光の波長域が撮像対象の波長域に含まれる一方で前記励起光の波長域が前記撮像対象の波長域からは除かれるようにして撮像する撮像手段(12)と、撮像された画像中における前記検出対象光の強度に基づいて、前記検査範囲における前記樹脂成形品の形状及び構造の少なくともいずれか一方に関する状態を検査する検査手段(22)と、を含んだものである。
An inspection device (1) for a resin molded product according to one aspect of the present invention is an inspection device for inspecting molding defects in a resin molded product (2), and is an inspection device that uses a wavelength range different from the wavelength range of the irradiated light. illumination means (11) for illuminating an inspection range of the resin molded product with excitation light that can be emitted from the resin molded product as detection target light; and Imaging means (12) for imaging the inspection range in such a way that the wavelength range of the detection target light is included in the wavelength range of the imaging target, while the wavelength range of the excitation light is excluded from the wavelength range of the imaging target; and an inspection means (22) for inspecting the state of at least one of the shape and structure of the resin molded product in the inspection range based on the intensity of the detection target light in the captured image. It is something.
樹脂成形品の形状及び構造の少なくともいずれか一方に関して何らかの変化が生じている場合、例えば樹脂成形品の肉厚が正常時のそれに比して局部的に増減し、あるいは樹脂の分子鎖が配向して高密度化が生じ、結晶化が進んで樹脂組織が局部的に変成するといった成形不良が発生した場合、あるいは樹脂成形品の形状や構造を作為的に変化させた場合には、その個所から放出される検出対象光の強度は、上記の変化が生じていない場合のそれとは異なるものとなる。したがって、励起光にて照明された樹脂成形品の検査範囲を、その撮像対象の波長域が上記の通りに設定されるようにして撮像すれば、得られた画像中における検出対象光の強度を手掛かりとして樹脂成形品の形状及び構造の少なくともいずれか一方に関する状態を検査することができる。画像処理によって樹脂成形品の状態を検査できるので、目視に依存した従来の検査と比較して効率よくかつ高精度で検査を実施することが可能である。
If there is any change in the shape or structure of the resin molded product, for example, the wall thickness of the resin molded product may locally increase or decrease compared to its normal state, or the molecular chains of the resin may become oriented. If molding defects occur such as densification, crystallization progresses, and local deformation of the resin structure, or if the shape or structure of the resin molded product is intentionally changed, The intensity of the emitted light to be detected will be different from that in the case where the above change has not occurred. Therefore, if the inspection range of a resin molded product illuminated with excitation light is imaged with the wavelength range of the imaging target set as described above, the intensity of the detection target light in the obtained image can be reduced. As a clue, the state of at least one of the shape and structure of the resin molded product can be inspected. Since the condition of the resin molded product can be inspected by image processing, it is possible to perform the inspection more efficiently and with higher precision than conventional inspections that rely on visual inspection.
前記検査する手順又は手段では、前記樹脂成形品の前記状態として、前記樹脂成形品の前記形状及び前記構造の少なくとも一方に関する成形不良の有無を検査してもよい。これによれば、成形不良の有無を効率よくかつ高精度で検査することが可能である。
In the testing procedure or means, the condition of the resin molded product may include testing for molding defects regarding at least one of the shape and structure of the resin molded product. According to this, it is possible to inspect the presence or absence of molding defects efficiently and with high precision.
上記態様において、前記励起光は一例として紫外光であり、前記検出対象光は前記樹脂成形品で生じる蛍光であってもよい。前記検査する手順では、前記成形不良が生じていない場合における前記検出対象光の強度の範囲から外れた強度を示す箇所が前記画像中に存在するか否かを判別することにより前記成形不良の有無を検査してもよい。前記検査手段も同様に検査してもよい。この場合は、成形不良に起因して検出対象光の強度が正常時の範囲から外れる箇所が画像中にあるか否かを検査することにより、成形不良を効率よくかつ高精度に検出することが可能である。
In the above aspect, the excitation light may be ultraviolet light, for example, and the detection target light may be fluorescence generated in the resin molded product. In the inspection step, the presence or absence of the molding defect is determined by determining whether or not there is a location in the image that shows an intensity outside the range of the intensity of the detection target light when the molding defect does not occur. may be inspected. The inspection means may also be inspected in the same manner. In this case, it is possible to detect molding defects efficiently and with high precision by inspecting whether there are any places in the image where the intensity of the detection target light deviates from the normal range due to molding defects. It is possible.
前記検査する手順又は手段では、前記樹脂成形品における肉厚の偏り、又は樹脂の結晶組織の変化によって成形不良が生じた場合に観察されるべき前記検出対象光の強度の箇所が前記画像中に存在するか否かを判別することにより前記成形不良の有無を検査してもよい。前記検査手段も同様に検査してもよい。この場合は、肉厚の偏り、又は結晶組織の変化によって生じる成形不良箇所を、画像中における検出対象光の強度に基づいて検出することが可能である。
In the inspection procedure or means, a location of the intensity of the detection target light that should be observed in the case where a molding defect occurs due to a thickness deviation in the resin molded product or a change in the crystal structure of the resin is detected in the image. The presence or absence of the molding defect may be inspected by determining whether or not it exists. The inspection means may also be inspected in the same manner. In this case, it is possible to detect molding defects caused by deviations in wall thickness or changes in crystal structure based on the intensity of the detection target light in the image.
前記検査する手順又は手段では、前記樹脂成形品の前記状態として、前記樹脂成形品の前記形状及び前記構造の少なくとも一方を変化させることによって形成されるマーキング部を検査してもよい。さらに、検査する手順又は手段では、前記樹脂成形品における前記マーキング部にて観察されるべき前記検出対象光の強度の箇所を検出し、検出結果に基づいて前記マーキング部を検査してもよい。これによれば、画像中の蛍光強度を手掛かりとしてマーキング部の適否等を検査することが可能である。
In the testing procedure or means, the condition of the resin molded product may be a marking portion formed by changing at least one of the shape and the structure of the resin molded product. Furthermore, in the inspection procedure or means, a location of the intensity of the detection target light to be observed at the marking part in the resin molded product may be detected, and the marking part may be inspected based on the detection result. According to this, it is possible to inspect the suitability of the marking portion using the fluorescence intensity in the image as a clue.
In the testing procedure or means, the condition of the resin molded product may be a marking portion formed by changing at least one of the shape and the structure of the resin molded product. Furthermore, in the inspection procedure or means, a location of the intensity of the detection target light to be observed at the marking part in the resin molded product may be detected, and the marking part may be inspected based on the detection result. According to this, it is possible to inspect the suitability of the marking portion using the fluorescence intensity in the image as a clue.
上記態様において、前記樹脂成形品はブロー成形又は射出成形にて形成されてもよい。これによれば、ブロー成形又は射出成形によって形成される樹脂成形品の成形不良を本発明に従って効率よくかつ高精度で検査することができる。
In the above embodiment, the resin molded product may be formed by blow molding or injection molding. According to this, molding defects of resin molded products formed by blow molding or injection molding can be inspected efficiently and with high precision according to the present invention.
1 検査装置
2 ボトル(樹脂成形品)
11 照明装置(照明手段)
12 撮像装置(撮像手段)
13 カメラ
14 フィルタ
20 処理部
22 検査部(検査手段)
D1、D2 偏肉部
D3 芯ずれ部
D4 白 1Inspection device 2 Bottle (resin molded product)
11 Lighting device (lighting means)
12 Imaging device (imaging means)
13Camera 14 Filter 20 Processing section 22 Inspection section (inspection means)
D1, D2 Uneven thickness part D3 Misalignment part D4 White
2 ボトル(樹脂成形品)
11 照明装置(照明手段)
12 撮像装置(撮像手段)
13 カメラ
14 フィルタ
20 処理部
22 検査部(検査手段)
D1、D2 偏肉部
D3 芯ずれ部
D4 白 1
11 Lighting device (lighting means)
12 Imaging device (imaging means)
13
D1, D2 Uneven thickness part D3 Misalignment part D4 White
Claims (12)
- 樹脂成形品を検査するための検査方法であって、
照射した光の波長域とは異なる波長域の光を検出対象光として前記樹脂成形品から放出させることが可能な励起光により前記樹脂成形品の検査範囲を照明する手順と、
前記励起光にて照明された前記樹脂成形品の前記検査範囲を、前記検出対象光の波長域が撮像対象の波長域に含まれる一方で前記励起光の波長域が前記撮像対象の波長域からは除かれるようにして撮像する手順と、
撮像された画像中における前記検出対象光の強度に基づいて、前記検査範囲における前記樹脂成形品の形状及び構造の少なくともいずれか一方に関する状態を検査する手順と、
を含んだ樹脂成形品の検査方法。 An inspection method for inspecting a resin molded product,
a step of illuminating an inspection range of the resin molded product with excitation light that can emit light in a wavelength range different from the wavelength range of the irradiated light from the resin molded product as detection target light;
The inspection range of the resin molded product illuminated with the excitation light is such that the wavelength range of the detection target light is included in the wavelength range of the imaging target, and the wavelength range of the excitation light is outside the wavelength range of the imaging target. a procedure for taking an image while excluding the
A step of inspecting the state of at least one of the shape and structure of the resin molded product in the inspection range based on the intensity of the detection target light in the captured image;
Inspection method for resin molded products containing - 前記検査する手順では、前記樹脂成形品の前記状態として、前記樹脂成形品の前記形状及び前記構造の少なくとも一方に関する成形不良の有無を検査する請求項1に記載の樹脂成形品の検査方法。 2. The method for inspecting a resin molded product according to claim 1, wherein in the testing step, the condition of the resin molded product is to check for molding defects in at least one of the shape and structure of the resin molded product.
- 前記検査する手順では、前記成形不良が生じていない場合における前記検出対象光の強度の範囲から外れた強度を示す箇所が前記画像中に存在するか否かを判別することにより前記成形不良の有無を検査する請求項2に記載の樹脂成形品の検査方法。 In the inspection step, the presence or absence of the molding defect is determined by determining whether or not there is a location in the image that shows an intensity outside the range of the intensity of the detection target light when the molding defect does not occur. 3. The method for inspecting a resin molded product according to claim 2, wherein:
- 前記検査する手順では、前記樹脂成形品における肉厚の偏り、又は樹脂の結晶組織の変化によって成形不良が生じた場合に観察されるべき前記検出対象光の強度の箇所が前記画像中に存在するか否かを判別することにより前記成形不良の有無を検査する請求項2に記載の樹脂成形品の検査方法。 In the inspection procedure, there is a location in the image where the intensity of the detection target light is to be observed when a molding defect occurs due to a deviation in wall thickness in the resin molded product or a change in the crystal structure of the resin. The method for inspecting a resin molded product according to claim 2, wherein the presence or absence of the molding defect is inspected by determining whether or not the molding defect occurs.
- 前記検査する手順では、前記樹脂成形品の前記状態として、前記樹脂成形品の前記形状及び前記構造の少なくとも一方を変化させることによって形成されるマーキング部を検査する請求項1に記載の樹脂成形品の検査方法。 The resin molded product according to claim 1, wherein in the testing step, the state of the resin molded product is a marking portion formed by changing at least one of the shape and the structure of the resin molded product. inspection method.
- 前記検査する手順では、前記樹脂成形品における前記マーキング部にて観察されるべき前記検出対象光の強度の箇所を検出し、検出結果に基づいて前記マーキング部を検査する請求項5に記載の樹脂成形品の検査方法。 The resin according to claim 5, wherein in the inspection step, a location of the intensity of the detection target light to be observed in the marking portion of the resin molded product is detected, and the marking portion is inspected based on the detection result. Inspection method for molded products.
- 樹脂成形品の成形不良を検査するための検査装置であって、
照射した光の波長域とは異なる波長域の光を検出対象光として前記樹脂成形品から放出させることが可能な励起光により前記樹脂成形品の検査範囲を照明する照明手段と、
前記励起光にて照明された前記樹脂成形品の前記検査範囲を、前記検出対象光の波長域が撮像対象の波長域に含まれる一方で前記励起光の波長域が前記撮像対象の波長域からは除かれるようにして撮像する撮像手段と、
撮像された画像中における前記検出対象光の強度に基づいて、前記検査範囲における前記樹脂成形品の形状及び構造の少なくともいずれか一方に関する状態を検査する検査手段と、
を含んだ樹脂成形品の検査装置。 An inspection device for inspecting molding defects of resin molded products,
illumination means that illuminates an inspection range of the resin molded product with excitation light that can cause the resin molded product to emit light in a wavelength range different from the wavelength range of the irradiated light as detection target light;
The inspection range of the resin molded product illuminated with the excitation light is such that the wavelength range of the detection target light is included in the wavelength range of the imaging target, and the wavelength range of the excitation light is outside the wavelength range of the imaging target. an imaging means for taking an image in such a manner that the
Inspection means for inspecting the state of at least one of the shape and structure of the resin molded product in the inspection range based on the intensity of the detection target light in the captured image;
Inspection equipment for resin molded products including - 前記検査手段は、前記樹脂成形品の前記状態として、前記樹脂成形品の前記形状及び前記構造の少なくとも一方に関する成形不良の有無を検査する請求項7に記載の樹脂成形品の検査装置。 The inspection device for a resin molded product according to claim 7, wherein the inspection means inspects the presence or absence of a molding defect regarding at least one of the shape and the structure of the resin molded product as the condition of the resin molded product.
- 前記検査手段は、前記成形不良が生じていない場合における前記検出対象光の強度の範囲から外れた強度を示す箇所が前記画像中に存在するか否かを判別することにより前記成形不良の有無を検査する請求項8に記載の樹脂成形品の検査装置。 The inspection means determines the presence or absence of the molding defect by determining whether or not there is a location in the image that shows an intensity outside the range of the intensity of the detection target light when the molding defect does not occur. The inspection device for resin molded products according to claim 8.
- 前記検査手段は、前記樹脂成形品における肉厚の偏り、又は樹脂の結晶組織の変化によって成形不良が生じた場合に観察されるべき前記検出対象光の強度の箇所が前記画像中に存在するか否かを判別することにより前記成形不良の有無を検査する請求項8に記載の樹脂成形品の検査装置。 The inspection means determines whether there is a location in the image with the intensity of the detection target light that should be observed when a molding defect occurs due to a thickness deviation in the resin molded product or a change in the crystal structure of the resin. 9. The inspection apparatus for resin molded products according to claim 8, wherein the presence or absence of the molding defect is inspected by determining whether or not the molding is defective.
- 前記検査手段は、前記樹脂成形品の前記状態として、前記樹脂成形品の前記形状及び前記構造の少なくとも一方を変化させることによって形成されるマーキング部を検査する請求項1に記載の樹脂成形品の検査装置。 The resin molded product according to claim 1, wherein the inspection means inspects a marking portion formed by changing at least one of the shape and the structure of the resin molded product as the state of the resin molded product. Inspection equipment.
- 前記検査手段は、前記樹脂成形品における前記マーキング部にて観察されるべき前記検出対象光の強度の箇所を検出し、検出結果に基づいて前記マーキング部を検査する請求項11に記載の樹脂成形品の検査装置。 The resin molding according to claim 11, wherein the inspection means detects a location of the intensity of the detection target light to be observed in the marking portion of the resin molded product, and inspects the marking portion based on the detection result. Product inspection equipment.
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JP2021117227A (en) * | 2020-01-23 | 2021-08-10 | ショット シュヴァイツ アー・ゲーSCHOTT Schweiz AG | Detection and characterization of defects in pharmaceutical cylindrical containers |
JP2022037644A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2022-03-09 | キリンテクノシステム株式会社 | Image acquisition device, image acquisition method, container inspection device and container inspection method using them |
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DE102018130940A1 (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2020-06-10 | Krones Aktiengesellschaft | Device and method for detecting the rotational position |
JP2021117227A (en) * | 2020-01-23 | 2021-08-10 | ショット シュヴァイツ アー・ゲーSCHOTT Schweiz AG | Detection and characterization of defects in pharmaceutical cylindrical containers |
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