WO2024045876A1 - 换电装置及包括该换电装置的充换电站 - Google Patents

换电装置及包括该换电装置的充换电站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024045876A1
WO2024045876A1 PCT/CN2023/104967 CN2023104967W WO2024045876A1 WO 2024045876 A1 WO2024045876 A1 WO 2024045876A1 CN 2023104967 W CN2023104967 W CN 2023104967W WO 2024045876 A1 WO2024045876 A1 WO 2024045876A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
locking
screw
battery
unlocking
exchange device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/104967
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周肖鸿
杨潮
徐余才
张宁
Original Assignee
蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司 filed Critical 蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司
Publication of WO2024045876A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024045876A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B60S5/06—Supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of power swapping, and specifically provides a power swapping device and a charging and swapping station including the power swapping device.
  • Battery swapping is a way to quickly replenish energy for electric vehicles. Specifically, it refers to a way for electric vehicles to remove the vehicle's power battery through a battery swapping device and immediately replace it with another set of power batteries.
  • the charging and swapping station is a place where the power batteries of electric vehicles can be swapped.
  • the charging and swapping station mainly includes a battery compartment and a battery swapping device.
  • the battery compartment is mainly used to store batteries.
  • the battery swapping device is mainly used to remove the depleted battery from the electric vehicle and install the fully charged battery. Some are used to replace the battery.
  • the electric device can also transport depleted batteries to the battery compartment and transport fully charged batteries in the battery compartment to the underside of the electric vehicle.
  • the battery swapping device mainly includes an unlocking mechanism, which can unlock the fasteners used to fasten the power battery to remove the depleted battery from the electric vehicle, and tighten the fasteners to install the fully charged battery. to electric cars.
  • the power exchange device generally includes multiple locking and unlocking mechanisms, and the positions of the multiple locking and unlocking mechanisms are consistent with the multiple fasteners on the power battery.
  • the parts correspond to each other one by one, so that multiple fasteners can be operated at the same time.
  • the patent with publication number CN216761517U provides a battery pack disassembly and assembly mechanism.
  • the battery pack disassembly and assembly mechanism includes a tray body and multiple torque guns located on the pallet body.
  • the positions of the multiple torque guns are related to multiple locks on the power battery pack.
  • the components correspond to each other one-to-one, and the torque gun is used to apply torque to the locking components so that multiple locking components can be unlocked or locked on the vehicle to achieve disassembly or installation between the power battery pack and the vehicle.
  • Torque guns are distributed in various areas on the tray body, which can match the locking parts distributed at different positions on different power battery packs, thereby meeting the unlocking and familiar requirements of battery packs of different models and sizes, and ensuring compatibility and matching. high.
  • the above-mentioned patent provides a battery pack disassembly and assembly mechanism that can adapt to batteries of different sizes.
  • the torque gun of the battery pack disassembly and assembly mechanism disclosed in the above-mentioned patent is fixed on the tray body, and the bottom surface of the battery is generally tighter than The bottom surface of the parts is low.
  • the unused torque gun will press against the bottom surface of the battery, which can easily cause damage to the battery, especially when the height difference between the bottom surface of the battery and the bottom surface of the fastener is different. When it is larger, it will not only easily cause damage to the battery, but may also cause the torque gun to be unable to dock with the fastener.
  • the present invention aims to solve the above technical problems, that is, to solve the problem of poor compatibility of existing power exchange devices.
  • the present invention provides a power exchange device.
  • the power exchange device includes a battery carrying platform, a translation mechanism and a plurality of locking and unlocking mechanisms installed on the battery carrying platform, wherein the translation mechanism can At least part of the locking and unlocking mechanisms are driven to move horizontally relative to the battery carrying platform so that multiple locking and unlocking mechanisms can adapt to power batteries of different specifications.
  • the power exchange device further includes a lifting mechanism installed on the battery carrying platform, and the lifting mechanism is configured to drive at least part of the locking and unlocking mechanism relative to the battery.
  • the carrying platform moves up and down.
  • the lifting mechanism includes a plurality of independent lifting driving units, and the lifting driving units can drive the corresponding unlocking and unlocking mechanisms to move up and down relative to the battery carrying platform.
  • the translation mechanism is further configured to drive at least part of the lifting drive unit and the corresponding locking and unlocking mechanism to move synchronously horizontally relative to the battery carrying platform.
  • the translation mechanism includes a plurality of independent translation drive units, and the translation drive units can drive the corresponding lifting drive unit and the unlocking and unlocking mechanism relative to the battery load.
  • the platform moves horizontally synchronously.
  • the translation drive unit includes a first drive assembly, a first screw and a translation member, and the lifting drive unit and the locking and unlocking mechanism corresponding to the translation drive unit are installed On the translation member,
  • the first driving component and the first screw are both installed on the battery carrying platform, the first screw is arranged in a horizontal direction, and the first driving component can drive the first screw to rotate,
  • the translation member is installed on the first screw and is screwed with the first screw. The translation member can move horizontally along the first screw as the first screw rotates.
  • the power exchange device further includes a first guide mechanism installed between the battery carrying platform and the translation member.
  • the first guide mechanism can move between the translation member and the battery carrying platform.
  • the translation member is guided during movement relative to the battery carrying platform.
  • the first guide mechanism includes a first guide rail installed on the battery carrying platform and a first guide block installed on the translation member.
  • the moving direction of the translation member is set horizontally, and the first guide block is installed on the first guide rail and can slide along the length direction of the first guide rail.
  • the translation member includes a first moving block, a horizontal plate and a vertical plate.
  • the first moving block is fixedly connected to the horizontal plate and screwed to the first lead screw.
  • the top end of the vertical plate is fixedly connected to the horizontal plate, and the lifting drive unit and the locking and unlocking mechanism are installed on the vertical plate.
  • the lifting driving unit includes a second driving assembly, a second screw and a second moving block.
  • the second moving block is fixedly connected to the unlocking and unlocking mechanism.
  • the second drive assembly and the second lead screw are mounted on the vertical plate on the second screw, the second screw is arranged in a vertical direction, the second driving component can drive the second screw to rotate, and the second moving block is installed on the second screw and connected with the second screw.
  • the two screws are screwed together, and the second moving block can move up and down along the second screw as the second screw rotates.
  • the number of the vertical plates is two and they are arranged oppositely in the horizontal direction, and the unlocking and unlocking mechanism is located between the two vertical plates.
  • the power exchange device further It includes a second guide mechanism installed between the vertical plate and the locking and unlocking mechanism.
  • the second guide mechanism can guide the locking and unlocking mechanism during the movement of the locking and unlocking mechanism relative to the vertical plate. Unlock mechanism for guidance.
  • the second guide mechanism includes two sets of matching second guide rails and second guide blocks, the second guide rails are arranged in the vertical direction, and the second guide blocks It can slide up and down along the second guide rail.
  • Two of the second guide rails are fixedly connected to the corresponding vertical plates.
  • the two second guide blocks are respectively connected to the two opposite sides of the locking and unlocking mechanism. Fixed connection.
  • the first driving component includes a first motor, a first driving gear, a first toothed transmission belt and a first driven gear installed on the battery carrying platform, and the The first driving gear is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the first motor, the first driven gear is fixedly connected to one end of the first screw, the first toothed transmission belt is connected to the first driving gear and The first driven gear meshes.
  • the second driving component includes a second motor, a second driving gear, a second toothed transmission belt and a second driven gear mounted on the vertical plate, and the The second driving gear is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the second motor, the second driven gear is fixedly connected to one end of the second screw, the second toothed transmission belt is connected to the second driving gear and The second driven gear meshes.
  • the locking and unlocking mechanism includes a third driving component and a sleeve joint.
  • the third driving component is connected to the sleeve joint and can drive the sleeve joint to rotate.
  • the present invention also provides a charging and exchanging station, which is equipped with the above-mentioned power exchanging device.
  • the power exchange device of the present invention A translation mechanism is provided on the battery platform to drive at least part of the locking and unlocking mechanism to move.
  • the locking and unlocking mechanism can be moved to a position that matches the batteries of different specifications, so that the locking and unlocking mechanism can be aligned with the fasteners of the battery.
  • the power exchange device can disassemble and assemble multiple power batteries of different specifications and sizes, thereby improving the compatibility of the power exchange device.
  • the present invention Compared with the battery pack disassembly and assembly mechanism provided by the patent with publication number CN216761517U, the present invention During the process of disassembling and assembling the battery, the battery replacement device has no redundant locking and unlocking mechanisms, thereby avoiding damage to the battery. In addition, even if there are redundant locking and unlocking mechanisms, the redundant locking and unlocking mechanisms can be moved to where they can be through the translation mechanism. Stay out of the way of the battery to avoid damage to the battery.
  • the power swapping device of the present invention is provided with a lifting mechanism on the battery carrying platform that can drive the locking and unlocking mechanism to move up and down relative to the battery carrying platform, making the use of the power swapping device more flexible and enabling the power swapping device to be more adaptable. Multiple types of batteries, thereby further improving the compatibility of battery replacement devices.
  • the translation mechanism of the present invention is also configured to drive at least part of the lifting drive unit and the corresponding locking and unlocking mechanism to move synchronously horizontally relative to the battery carrying platform.
  • the locking and unlocking mechanism can move horizontally relative to the battery carrying platform and move up and down relative to the battery carrying platform, making the adjustment more flexible and easier to use.
  • the charging and swapping station further provided by the present invention on the basis of the above technical solution uses the above-mentioned power swapping device, and thus has the technical effects of the above-mentioned power swapping device.
  • the present invention has The charging and swapping station can replace batteries for a variety of different models, providing a better user experience.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the power exchange device of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic assembly diagram of the battery carrying platform, locking and unlocking mechanism, translational drive unit, lifting drive unit and first guide mechanism of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a second assembly schematic diagram of the battery carrying platform, locking and unlocking mechanism, translational drive unit, lifting drive unit and first guide mechanism of the present invention
  • Figure 4 shows the locking and unlocking mechanism, the translation member, the lifting drive unit and the third 2. Assembly diagram of the guide mechanism
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic assembly diagram of the battery carrying platform, locking and unlocking mechanism, translation member, lifting drive unit and second guide mechanism of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a schematic assembly diagram of the second fixed plate, locking and unlocking mechanism, lifting drive unit and third guide mechanism of the present invention
  • Figure 7 is a second assembly diagram of the second fixed plate, locking and unlocking mechanism, lifting drive unit and third guide mechanism of the present invention.
  • the invention provides a charging and replacing station for replacing power batteries in automobiles.
  • the charging and swapping station of the present invention mainly includes a battery compartment and a power swapping device.
  • the battery compartment is mainly used to store batteries
  • the power swapping device is mainly used to remove the depleted battery from the car and install the fully charged battery into the car.
  • the power exchange device can be a RGV (Rail Guided Vehicle), or they can also set the power exchange device to be an AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle), etc., etc. Adjustments and changes to the specific type of the power exchange device do not deviate from the principle and scope of the present invention, and should be limited to the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the power exchange device of the present invention includes a battery carrying platform 1 and a plurality of unlocking and unlocking mechanisms 2 installed on the battery carrying platform 1 .
  • the battery carrying platform 1 can carry the battery
  • the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 can unlock the fasteners used to fasten the power battery to facilitate the removal of the depleted battery from the car.
  • the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 can also unlock the fasteners. Tighten to facilitate installation of the fully charged battery into the vehicle.
  • the power exchange device of the present invention also includes a translation mechanism installed on the battery carrying platform 1.
  • the translation mechanism can drive at least part of the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 to move horizontally relative to the battery carrying platform 1, so that multiple Each adding and unlocking mechanism 2 can adapt to power batteries of different specifications.
  • the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 By arranging a translation mechanism on the battery swapping platform to drive the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 to move, for batteries of different specifications and sizes, the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 can be moved to a position that matches the batteries of different specifications, so that the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 can be aligned with the battery. Fasteners, in this way, enable the power replacement device to disassemble and assemble multiple power batteries of different specifications and sizes, thereby improving the compatibility of the power replacement device.
  • the power exchange device of the present invention does not have a redundant locking and unlocking mechanism 2 during the process of disassembling and assembling the battery, thereby avoiding damage to the battery.
  • the redundant locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 can also be moved to a position that can avoid the battery through a translation mechanism, so as to avoid damage to the battery.
  • the translation mechanism can be set up to drive all the locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 to move, or the translation mechanism can also be set up to drive only part of the locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 to move.
  • the translation mechanism can be set to move.
  • the mechanism can be configured to drive multiple locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 to move independently, or the translation mechanism can also be configured to drive multiple locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 to move synchronously, etc.
  • the translation mechanism it is preferable to set the translation mechanism to be able to drive multiple locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 to move independently, which makes it easier to adjust the position of each locking and unlocking mechanism 2 and adapt to batteries of more specifications.
  • the power exchange device of the present invention also includes a lifting mechanism installed on the battery carrying platform 1.
  • the lifting mechanism is configured to drive at least part of the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 up and down relative to the battery carrying platform 1. move.
  • the power swapping device can be used more flexibly, and the power swapping device can also be adapted to more types of batteries. Further improve the compatibility of the power swap device.
  • the lifting mechanism can be configured to drive all the locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 to move up and down, or the lifting mechanism can also be set up to drive only part of the locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 to move up and down.
  • the lifting mechanism can be configured to drive multiple locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 to move up and down independently, or the lifting mechanism can also be set up to drive multiple locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 to move up and down synchronously, etc.
  • the lifting mechanism it is preferable to set the lifting mechanism to be able to drive multiple locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 independently. Moving up and down vertically makes it easier to adjust the position of each locking and unlocking mechanism 2 and adapt to batteries of more specifications.
  • all the lifting mechanisms are provided on the lower side of the battery carrying platform 1 .
  • 12 locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 are provided on the battery carrying platform 1.
  • 2 locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 are provided in the middle position of the battery carrying platform 1.
  • the battery carrying platform 1 is between
  • the two locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 are each provided with a strip opening 13 at the corresponding position (the strip opening 13 allows the sleeve joint 21 of the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 to move freely).
  • the two locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 are both connected with the translation mechanism.
  • the connection is in turn connected to the lifting mechanism, that is, the two locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 can move horizontally relative to the battery bearing platform 1, and can move up and down relative to the battery bearing platform 1.
  • these four locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 are only connected to the lifting mechanism and are not connected to the translation mechanism. That is, these four locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 can only move up and down relative to the battery carrying platform 1, and the other six locking and unlocking mechanisms are 2 are distributed in other positions of the battery carrying platform 1. These six locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 are neither connected to the translation mechanism nor to the lifting mechanism.
  • all 12 locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 can also be connected to both the translation mechanism and the lifting mechanism, or some of the 12 locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 can only be connected to the translation mechanism, and the remaining Some parts are only connected to the lifting mechanism, etc.
  • Such flexible adjustments and changes do not deviate from the principle and scope of the present invention, and should be limited to the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the lifting mechanism of the present invention includes multiple independent lifting drive units 4 , and the lifting drive units 4 can drive the corresponding unlocking and unlocking mechanisms 2 to move up and down relative to the battery carrying platform 1 .
  • the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 can be independently moved up and down relative to the battery carrying platform 1.
  • the lifting mechanism includes six independent lifting drive units 4, and each lifting drive unit 4 corresponds to a locking and unlocking mechanism 2. That is, there are six locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 that can move up and down relative to the battery carrying platform 1.
  • the translation mechanism of the present invention is also configured to drive at least part of the lifting drive unit 4 and the corresponding unlocking and unlocking mechanism 2 to move synchronously horizontally relative to the battery carrying platform 1 .
  • the "synchronous horizontal movement” mentioned above refers to the synchronous horizontal movement of the lifting drive unit 4 and the corresponding unlocking and unlocking mechanism 2 driven by the translation mechanism.
  • the lifting mechanism includes six independent lifting drive units 4. Each lifting drive unit 4 corresponds to a locking and unlocking mechanism 2. Among them, the lifting driving units 1 and 2 are connected to the translation mechanism. When driven by the translation mechanism, Next, the No. 1 lifting drive unit 4 and the No. 1 locking and unlocking mechanism 2 can move horizontally synchronously relative to the battery carrying platform 1, and the No. 2 lifting driving unit 4 and the No. 2 locking and unlocking mechanism 2 can move synchronously horizontally relative to the battery carrying platform 1.
  • the No. 1 lifting drive unit 4 can drive the No. 1 locking and unlocking mechanism 2 to move up and down relative to the battery carrying platform 1
  • the No. 2 lifting driving unit 4 can drive the No. 2 locking and unlocking mechanism 2 to move up and down relative to the battery carrying platform 1 .
  • the translation mechanism can be configured to drive the No. 1 lifting drive unit 4 and the No. 2 lifting drive unit 4 to move horizontally independently, or the translation mechanism can also be configured to drive the No. 1 lifting drive unit 4 to move horizontally independently.
  • Driving unit 4 and No. 2 lifting driving unit 4 move horizontally synchronously.
  • the translation mechanism of the present invention includes multiple independent translation drive units 3.
  • the translation drive units 3 can drive the corresponding lifting drive unit 4 and the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 relative to the battery carrying platform 1 Synchronized horizontal movement.
  • the translation mechanism includes two independent translation drive units 3, wherein the No. 1 translation drive unit 3 can drive the No. 1 lifting drive unit 4 and the No. 1 locking and unlocking mechanism 2 can move synchronously horizontally relative to the battery carrying platform 1,
  • the No. 2 translation drive unit 3 can drive the No. 2 lifting drive unit 4 and the No. 2 locking and unlocking mechanism 2 can move horizontally relative to the battery carrying platform 1 synchronously.
  • the translation drive unit 3 of the present invention includes a first drive assembly 31, a first screw 32 and a translation member 33, wherein the lifting drive unit 4 corresponding to the translation drive unit 3 and The locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 are installed on the translation member 33 .
  • the first driving assembly 31 and the first screw 32 are both installed on the battery carrying platform 1.
  • the first screw 32 is arranged in the horizontal direction.
  • the first driving assembly 31 can drive the first screw 32 to rotate.
  • the translation member 33 is installed on the first screw 32. On the screw 32 and screwed with the first screw 32 , the translation member 33 can move horizontally along the first screw 32 with the lifting drive unit 4 and the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 as the first screw 32 rotates.
  • the first driving assembly 31 can first drive the first screw 32 to rotate.
  • the translation member 33 moves horizontally synchronously with the lifting drive unit 4 and the locking and unlocking mechanism 2.
  • the lifting drive unit 4 drives the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 to move upward, so that the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 rises to the locking and unlocking position and docks with the fastener.
  • the first driving component 31 can set the first driving component 31 as a combined structure of a motor and a gear transmission group, or as a combined structure of a motor and a transmission belt, or as a combination structure.
  • the combination structure of the motor and the sprocket chain, etc., such adjustments and changes to the specific structural form of the first driving assembly 31 do not deviate from the principle and scope of the present invention, and should be limited to the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the first driving assembly 31 includes a first motor 311, a first driving gear 312, a first toothed transmission belt 313 and a first driven gear 314 installed on the battery carrying platform 1 .
  • the first driving gear 312 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the first motor 311
  • the first driven gear 314 is fixedly connected to one end of the first screw 32
  • the first toothed transmission belt 313 is connected to the first driving gear 312 and the first The driven gear 314 is engaged.
  • the bottom surface of the battery carrying platform 1 is provided with two first fixing plates 11 oppositely arranged in the horizontal direction at positions corresponding to the first driving assembly 31, and a first screw 32 Both ends are respectively rotatably connected to the two first fixed plates 11.
  • the first motor 311 is installed on one of the first fixed plates 11 and is located directly below the first screw 32.
  • the drive shaft of the first motor 311 is arranged horizontally.
  • the first driving gear 312 is located directly below the first driven gear 314, the first motor 311 drives the first driving gear 312 to rotate, and the first driving gear 312 drives the first driven gear 314 to rotate through the first toothed transmission belt 313,
  • the first driven gear 314 drives the first screw 32 to rotate.
  • the power exchange device of the present invention further includes a battery installed on the battery
  • the first guide mechanism 5 between the carrying platform 1 and the translation member 33 can guide the translation member 33 during the horizontal movement of the translation member 33 relative to the battery carrying platform 1 .
  • first guide mechanism 5 can be set as a mechanism in which the guide column and the guide cylinder cooperate, or the first guide mechanism 5 can also be set in a mechanism in which the guide block and the guide rail cooperate.
  • a matching mechanism, or the first guide mechanism 5 can also be configured as a structure in which the guide groove and the guide block match, etc.
  • the first guide mechanism 5 includes a first guide rail 51 installed on the battery carrying platform 1 and a first guide block 52 installed on the translation member 33 .
  • the first guide rail 51 extends along the direction of the translation member 33 .
  • the moving direction is set horizontally, and the first guide block 52 is installed on the first guide rail 51 and can slide along the length direction of the first guide rail 51 .
  • the number of the first guide rails 51 is two and they are arranged in parallel.
  • the two first guide rails 51 are both fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the battery carrying platform 1.
  • the number of the first guide blocks 52 is also two, and the two first guide rails 51 are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the battery carrying platform 1.
  • a guide block 52 is installed on the top surface of the translation member 33 .
  • the translation member 33 includes a first moving block 331 , a horizontal plate 332 and a vertical plate 333 .
  • the first moving block 331 is fixedly connected to the horizontal plate 332 and screwed to the first screw 32 .
  • the top end of the vertical plate 333 is fixedly connected to the horizontal plate 332, and the lifting drive unit 4 and the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 are installed on the vertical plate 333.
  • the first moving block 331 is provided with a threaded hole (not shown in the figure), the first moving block 331 is screwed to the first screw 32 through the threaded hole, and the top end of the first moving block 331 is fixed to the bottom surface of the horizontal plate 332 Connected, the first guide block 52 is installed on the top surface of the horizontal plate 332 .
  • the lifting drive unit 4 of the present invention includes a second drive assembly 41, a second screw 42 and a second moving block 43.
  • the second moving block 43 is fixedly connected to the unlocking and unlocking mechanism 2.
  • the second driving component 41 and the second screw 42 are both installed on the vertical plate 333, the second screw 42 is arranged in the vertical direction, the second driving component 41 can drive the second screw 42 to rotate, and the second moving block 43 is installed on the second screw 42 and is screwed with the second screw 42.
  • the second moving block 43 can move up and down along the second screw 42 with the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 as the second screw 42 rotates.
  • the second moving block 43 is provided with a threaded hole (not shown in the figure), the second moving block 43 is screwed to the second screw 42 through the threaded hole, and the second driving assembly 41 can drive the second screw 42 to rotate. , during the rotation of the second screw 42, the second moving block 43 moves up and down along the second screw 42 with the locking and unlocking mechanism 2.
  • the second driving component 41 can set the second driving component 41 as a combined structure of a motor and a gear transmission group, or as a combined structure of a motor and a transmission belt, or as a combined structure.
  • the combination structure of the motor and the sprocket chain, etc., such adjustments and changes to the specific structural form of the second driving assembly 41 do not deviate from the principle and scope of the present invention, and should be limited to the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the second driving assembly 41 includes a second motor 411, a second driving gear 412, a second toothed transmission belt 413 and a second driven gear 414 installed on the vertical plate 333. .
  • the second driving gear 412 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the second motor 411
  • the second driven gear 414 is fixedly connected to one end of the second screw 42
  • the second toothed transmission belt 413 is connected to the second driving gear 412 and the second The driven gear 414 is engaged.
  • the vertical plate 333 is provided with a support base 3331, the support base 3331 is provided with a through hole, a bearing is installed in the through hole, and the second screw 42 is installed in the bearing.
  • the bottom end of the second screw 42 passes through the bearing, the second driven gear 414 is installed on the bottom end of the second screw 42, the drive shaft of the second motor 411 is arranged vertically, the second driving gear 412 and the second driven gear 412 are arranged vertically.
  • the gears 414 are located at the same height.
  • the second motor 411 drives the second driving gear 412 to rotate.
  • the second driving gear 412 drives the second driven gear 414 to rotate through the second toothed transmission belt 413.
  • the second driven gear 414 drives the second screw. 42 turns.
  • the number of vertical plates 333 is two.
  • the two vertical plates 333 are arranged oppositely in the horizontal direction.
  • the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 is located between the two vertical plates 333 .
  • the device also includes a second guide mechanism 6 installed between the vertical plate 333 and the locking and unlocking mechanism 2.
  • the second guide mechanism 6 can guide the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 when the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 moves up and down relative to the vertical plate 333. Conduct guidance.
  • the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 can be guided by the second guide mechanism 6 to prevent the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 from deflecting, thereby enabling the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 to move up and down.
  • Mechanism 2 is smoothly fastened with the battery parts docking.
  • the second guide mechanism 6 can be set as a mechanism in which the guide column and the guide cylinder cooperate, or the second guide mechanism 6 can also be set in a guide block and the guide rail.
  • a matching mechanism, or the second guide mechanism 6 can also be configured as a structure in which the guide groove matches the guide block, etc.
  • the second guide mechanism 6 includes two sets of matching second guide rails 61 and second guide blocks 62.
  • the second guide rails 61 are arranged in the vertical direction, and the second guide blocks 62 It can slide up and down along the second guide rails 61 .
  • the two second guide rails 61 are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding vertical plates 333 , and the two second guide blocks 62 are respectively fixedly connected to the two opposite sides of the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 .
  • two vertical plates 333 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the locking and unlocking mechanism 2.
  • a second guide rail 61 is installed on the inside of each vertical plate 333, and a matching second guide rail 61 is installed on each second guide rail 61.
  • the two second guide blocks 62 are fixedly connected to the left side and the right side of the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 respectively.
  • the bottom surface of the battery carrying platform 1 is provided with two second fixing plates 12 oppositely arranged in the horizontal direction at positions corresponding to the lifting drive unit 4, and the locking and unlocking mechanisms 2 are located on both sides.
  • the second driving assembly 41 and the second screw 42 of the lifting drive unit 4 are installed on one of the second fixing plates 12.
  • the power exchange device also includes a third guide mechanism 7 installed between the second fixing plate 12 and the unlocking and unlocking mechanism 2 .
  • the third guide mechanism 7 can be opposite to the unlocking and unlocking mechanism 2 .
  • the second fixed plate 12 moves up and down, the unlocking and unlocking mechanism 2 is guided.
  • the third guide mechanism 7 includes two sets of matching third guide rails 71 and a third Three guide blocks 72 and a third guide rail 71 are arranged in the vertical direction.
  • the third guide block 72 can slide up and down along the third guide rail 71.
  • the two third guide rails 71 are fixedly connected to the corresponding second fixing plate 12 respectively.
  • the third guide blocks 72 are respectively fixedly connected to the two opposite sides of the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 .
  • the locking and unlocking mechanism 2 of the present invention includes a third driving component and a sleeve joint 21.
  • the third driving component is connected to the sleeve joint 21 and can drive the sleeve joint 21 to rotate.
  • the shape of the sleeve joint 21 matches the shape of the fastener of the power battery. After the sleeve joint 21 is docked with the fastener, the third driving component drives the sleeve joint 21 to drive the fastener to rotate to rotate the fastener. Firmware is unlocked or tightened.
  • the third driving assembly of the present invention includes a third motor 22 and a reducer 23.
  • the bottom end of the reducer 23 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the third motor 22.
  • the reducer 23 The top end is connected with the sleeve joint 21.
  • the housing of the reducer 23 can be fixedly connected to the second moving block 43 and the second guide block 62 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及换电技术领域，具体提供一种换电装置及包括该换电装置的充换电站，旨在解决现有的换电装置的兼容性不佳的问题。为此目的，本发明的换电装置包括电池承载平台以及安装在所述电池承载平台上的平移机构和多个加解锁机构，其中，所述平移机构能够带动至少部分所述加解锁机构相对于所述电池承载平台水平移动以使多个所述加解锁机构能够适配不同规格的动力电池。通过这样的设置，针对不同规格尺寸的电池，能够使加解锁机构移动到与不同规格的电池相匹配的位置，使加解锁机构对准电池的紧固件，这样一来，使得换电装置能够拆装多个不同规格尺寸的动力电池，提高换电装置的兼容性。

Description

换电装置及包括该换电装置的充换电站
本申请要求2022年09月02日提交的，发明名称为“换电装置及包括该换电装置的充换电站”的中国专利申请CN202211073713.1的优先权，上述中国专利申请的全部内容通过引用并入本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及换电技术领域，具体提供一种换电装置及包括该换电装置的充换电站。
背景技术
换电是一种电动汽车快速补能的方式，具体而言，是指电动汽车通过换电装置将车辆的动力电池取下，并即刻更换另一组动力电池的一种补能方式。充换电站是为电动汽车的动力电池实现换电的场所。
充换电站主要包括电池仓和换电装置，其中，电池仓主要用于存储电池，换电装置主要用于将电动汽车上的亏电电池卸下并能够将满电电池装上，有的换电装置还能够将亏电电池运送至电池仓并将电池仓内的满电电池运送至电动汽车的下方。
换电装置主要包括加解锁机构，加解锁机构能够将用于紧固动力电池的紧固件解锁以将亏电电池从电动汽车上取下，并能够将紧固件拧紧以将满电电池安装至电动汽车上。
用于紧固动力电池的紧固件一般设置有多个，为了提高换电效率，换电装置一般包括多个加解锁机构，且多个加解锁机构的位置与动力电池上的多个紧固件分别一一对应，这样一来，能够同时对多个紧固件进行操作。
然而，由于电动汽车的车型越来越多，不同的车型采用的电池的规格可能也不相同，不同规格的电池的紧固件的数量以及设置位置也可能不同，现有的换电装置一般只能适配一种规格的电池，兼容性不 佳。
公开号为CN216761517U的专利提供了一种电池包拆装机构，电池包拆装机构包括托盘本体和位于托盘本体上的多个扭矩枪，多个扭矩枪的位置与动力电池包上的多个锁定件分别一一对应，扭矩枪用于施加扭矩至锁定件，使得多个锁定件解锁或锁止于车辆，实现动力电池包与车辆之间的拆卸或安装。托盘本体上的各个区域都分布有扭矩枪，能够与不同动力电池包上不同位置分布的锁定件相匹配，从而能够满足不同车型，不同规格尺寸的电池包的解锁及所熟知要求，兼容匹配性高。
上述专利提供了一种能够适配不同规格尺寸的电池的电池包拆装机构，然而，上述专利公开的电池包拆装机构的扭矩枪是固定在托盘本体上的，电池的底面一般比紧固件的底面低，在拆装电池的过程中，用不到的扭矩枪就会抵靠在电池的底面，容易对电池造成损伤，尤其是当电池的底面与紧固件的底面的高度差相差较大时，不仅容易导致电池出现损伤，还有可能导致扭矩枪无法与紧固件对接。
因此，本领域需要一种新的技术方案来解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明旨在解决上述技术问题，即，解决现有的换电装置的兼容性不佳的问题。
在第一方面，本发明提供了一种换电装置，所述换电装置包括电池承载平台以及安装在所述电池承载平台上的平移机构和多个加解锁机构，其中，所述平移机构能够带动至少部分所述加解锁机构相对于所述电池承载平台水平移动以使多个所述加解锁机构能够适配不同规格的动力电池。
在上述换电装置的优选技术方案中，所述换电装置还包括安装在所述电池承载平台上的升降机构，所述升降机构设置为能够带动至少部分所述加解锁机构相对于所述电池承载平台上下移动。
在上述换电装置的优选技术方案中，所述升降机构包括多个独立的升降驱动单元，所述升降驱动单元能够带动对应的所述加解锁机构相对于所述电池承载平台上下移动。
在上述换电装置的优选技术方案中，所述平移机构还设置为能够带动至少部分所述升降驱动单元以及对应的所述加解锁机构相对于所述电池承载平台同步水平移动。
在上述换电装置的优选技术方案中，所述平移机构包括多个独立的平移驱动单元，所述平移驱动单元能够驱动对应的所述升降驱动单元和所述加解锁机构相对于所述电池承载平台同步水平移动。
在上述换电装置的优选技术方案中，所述平移驱动单元包括第一驱动组件、第一丝杠以及平移构件，与所述平移驱动单元对应的所述升降驱动单元和所述加解锁机构安装在所述平移构件上，
所述第一驱动组件和所述第一丝杠均安装在所述电池承载平台上，所述第一丝杠沿水平方向设置，所述第一驱动组件能够驱动所述第一丝杠转动，所述平移构件安装在所述第一丝杠上且与所述第一丝杠螺接，所述平移构件能够随着所述第一丝杠的转动沿着所述第一丝杠水平移动。
在上述换电装置的优选技术方案中，所述换电装置还包括安装在所述电池承载平台与所述平移构件之间的第一导向机构，所述第一导向机构能够在所述平移构件相对于所述电池承载平台移动的过程中对所述平移构件进行导向。
在上述换电装置的优选技术方案中，所述第一导向机构包括安装在所述电池承载平台上的第一导轨以及安装在所述平移构件上的第一导向块，所述第一导轨沿所述平移构件的移动方向水平设置，所述第一导向块安装在所述第一导轨上且能够沿着所述第一导轨的长度方向滑动。
在上述换电装置的优选技术方案中，所述平移构件包括第一移动块、水平板和竖直板，所述第一移动块与所述水平板固定连接且与所述第一丝杠螺接，所述竖直板的顶端与所述水平板固定连接，所述升降驱动单元和所述加解锁机构安装在所述竖直板上。
在上述换电装置的优选技术方案中，所述升降驱动单元包括第二驱动组件、第二丝杠和第二移动块，所述第二移动块与所述加解锁机构固定连接，所述第二驱动组件和所述第二丝杠均安装在所述竖直板 上，所述第二丝杠沿竖直方向设置，所述第二驱动组件能够驱动所述第二丝杠转动，所述第二移动块安装在所述第二丝杠上且与所述第二丝杠螺接，所述第二移动块能够随着所述第二丝杠的转动沿着所述第二丝杠上下移动。
在上述换电装置的优选技术方案中，所述竖直板的数量为两个且沿水平方向相对设置，所述加解锁机构位于两个所述竖直板之间，所述换电装置还包括安装在所述竖直板与所述加解锁机构之间的第二导向机构，所述第二导向机构能够在所述加解锁机构相对于所述竖直板移动的过程中对所述加解锁机构进行导向。
在上述换电装置的优选技术方案中，所述第二导向机构包括两组相适配的第二导轨和第二导向块，所述第二导轨沿竖直方向设置，所述第二导向块能够沿着所述第二导轨上下滑动，两个所述第二导轨分别与对应的所述竖直板固定连接，两个所述第二导向块分别与所述加解锁机构的两个相对侧固定连接。
在上述换电装置的优选技术方案中，所述第一驱动组件包括安装在所述电池承载平台上的第一电机、第一主动齿轮、第一齿形传动带和第一从动齿轮，所述第一主动齿轮与所述第一电机的驱动轴固定连接，所述第一从动齿轮与所述第一丝杠的一端固定连接，所述第一齿形传动带与所述第一主动齿轮和所述第一从动齿轮啮合。
在上述换电装置的优选技术方案中，所述第二驱动组件包括安装在所述竖直板上的第二电机、第二主动齿轮、第二齿形传动带和第二从动齿轮，所述第二主动齿轮与所述第二电机的驱动轴固定连接，所述第二从动齿轮与所述第二丝杠的一端固定连接，所述第二齿形传动带与所述第二主动齿轮和第二从动齿轮啮合。
在上述换电装置的优选技术方案中，所述加解锁机构包括第三驱动组件和套筒接头，所述第三驱动组件与所述套筒接头连接且能够驱动所述套筒接头转动。
在第二方面，本发明还提供了一种充换电站，所述充换电站配置有上述的换电装置。
在采用上述技术方案的情况下，本发明的换电装置通过在换 电平台上设置平移机构带动至少部分加解锁机构移动，针对不同规格尺寸的电池，能够使加解锁机构移动到与不同规格的电池相匹配的位置，使加解锁机构对准电池的紧固件，这样一来，使得换电装置能够拆装多个不同规格尺寸的动力电池，提高换电装置的兼容性，此外，相比于公开号为CN216761517U的专利提供的电池包拆装机构，本发明的换电装置在拆装电池的过程中，没有多余的加解锁机构，从而能够避免对电池造成损伤，此外，即使有多余的加解锁机构，也能够通过平移机构将多余的加解锁机构移动到能够避让电池的位置，以避免对电池造成损伤。
进一步地，本发明的换电装置通过在电池承载平台上设置能够带动加解锁机构相对于电池承载平台上下移动的升降机构，使得换电装置的使用更加灵活，还能够使换电装置适配更多类型的电池，从而进一步提高换电装置的兼容性。
更进一步地，本发明的平移机构还设置为能够带动至少部分升降驱动单元及对应的加解锁机构相对于电池承载平台同步水平移动。通过将平移机构与升降机构组合使用，使得加解锁机构既能够相对于电池承载平台水平移动，又能够相对于电池承载平台上下移动，调节更加灵活，使用更加方便。
此外，本发明在上述技术方案的基础上进一步提供的充换电站由于采用了上述换电装置，进而具备了上述换电装置所具备的技术效果，相比于改进前的充换电站，本发明的充换电站能够对多种不同的车型进行电池更换，用户体验更佳。
附图说明
下面结合附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式，附图中：
图1是本发明的换电装置的结构示意图；
图2是本发明的电池承载平台、加解锁机构、平移驱动单元、升降驱动单元及第一导向机构的装配示意图一；
图3是本发明的电池承载平台、加解锁机构、平移驱动单元、升降驱动单元及第一导向机构的装配示意图二；
图4是本发明的加解锁机构、平移构件、升降驱动单元及第 二导向机构的装配示意图；
图5是本发明的电池承载平台、加解锁机构、平移构件、升降驱动单元及第二导向机构的装配示意图；
图6是本发明的第二固定板、加解锁机构、升降驱动单元及第三导向机构的装配示意图一；
图7是本发明的第二固定板、加解锁机构、升降驱动单元及第三导向机构的装配示意图二。
附图标记列表：
1、电池承载平台；11、第一固定板；12、第二固定板；13、条形开口；2、加解锁机构；21、套筒接头；22、第三电机；23、减速器；3、平移驱动单元；31、第一驱动组件；32、第一丝杠；33、平移构件；311、第一电机；312、第一主动齿轮；313、第一齿形传动带；314、第一从动齿轮；331、第一移动块；332、水平板；333、竖直板；3331、支撑座；4、升降驱动单元；41、第二驱动组件；42、第二丝杠；43、第二移动块；411、第二电机；412、第二主动齿轮；413、第二齿形传动带；414、第二从动齿轮；5、第一导向机构；51、第一导轨；52、第一导向块；6、第二导向机构；61、第二导轨；62、第二导向块；7、第三导向机构；61、第三导轨；62、第三导向块。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明的技术原理，并非旨在限制本发明的保护范围。
需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“顶”、“底”等指示方向或位置关系的术语是基于附图所示的方向或位置关系，这仅仅是为了便于描述，而不是指示或暗示所述装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，还需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，除非另有明确 的规定和限定，术语“设置”、“连接”、“安装”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体连接。对于本领域技术人员而言，可根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
本发明提供了一种充换电站，用于给汽车更换动力电池。本发明的充换电站主要包括电池仓和换电装置，其中，电池仓主要用于存储电池，换电装置主要用于将亏电电池从汽车上卸下并将满电电池安装至汽车上。
需要说明的是，在实际应用中，本领域技术人员可以将换电装置设置成RGV(Rail Guided Vehicle)，或者，也可以将换电装置设置成AGV(Automated Guided Vehicle)，等等，这种对换电装置的具体类型的调整和改变并不偏离本发明的原理和范围，均应限定在本发明的保护范围之内。
如图1所示，本发明的换电装置包括电池承载平台1以及安装在电池承载平台1上的多个加解锁机构2。
其中，电池承载平台1能够承载电池，加解锁机构2能够将用于紧固动力电池的紧固件解锁，以便于将亏电电池从汽车上拆卸下来，加解锁机构2还能够将紧固件拧紧，以便于将满电电池安装至汽车上。
如图2和图3所示，本发明的换电装置还包括安装在电池承载平台1上的平移机构，平移机构能够带动至少部分加解锁机构2相对于电池承载平台1水平移动，以使多个加解锁机构2能够适配不同规格的动力电池。
通过在换电平台上设置平移机构带动加解锁机构2移动，针对不同规格尺寸的电池，能够使加解锁机构2移动到与不同规格的电池相匹配的位置，使加解锁机构2对准电池的紧固件，这样一来，使得换电装置能够拆装多个不同规格尺寸的动力电池，提高换电装置的兼容性。
相比于公开号为CN216761517U的专利提供的电池包拆装机构，本发明的换电装置在拆装电池的过程中，没有多余的加解锁机构2，从而能够避免对电池造成损伤，此外，即使有多余的加解锁机构2，也能够通过平移机构将多余的加解锁机构2移动到能够避让电池的位置，以避免对电池造成损伤。
需要说明的是，在实际应用中，可以将平移机构设置成能够带动全部的加解锁机构2移动，或者，也可以将平移机构设置成仅能够带动部分加解锁机构2移动，此外，可以将平移机构设置成能够带动多个加解锁机构2独立移动，或者，也可以将平移机构设置成能够带动多个加解锁机构2同步移动，等等，这种灵活地调整和改变并不偏离本发明的原理和范围，均应限定在本发明的保护范围之内。
当然，优选将平移机构设置成能够带动多个加解锁机构2独立移动，更加便于调整各个加解锁机构2的位置，适配更多规格的电池。
还需要说明的是，在实际应用中，本领域技术人员可以将平移机构设置为手动平移机构，或者，也可以将平移机构设置为电动平移机构，再或者，还可以将平移机构设置为液压平移机构，等等，这种对平移机构的具体类型的调整和改变也并不偏离本发明的原理和范围，均应限定在本发明的保护范围之内。
此外，还需要说明的是，优选将平移机构全部设置在电池承载平台1的下侧。
优选地，如图2至图7所示，本发明的换电装置还包括安装在电池承载平台1上的升降机构，升降机构设置为能够带动至少部分加解锁机构2相对于电池承载平台1上下移动。
通过在电池承载平台1上设置能够带动加解锁机构2相对于电池承载平台1上下移动的升降机构，使得换电装置的使用更加灵活，还能够使换电装置适配更多类型的电池，从而进一步提高换电装置的兼容性。
需要说明的是，在实际应用中，可以将升降机构设置成能够带动全部的加解锁机构2上下移动，或者，也可以将升降机构设置成仅能够带动部分加解锁机构2上下移动，此外，可以将升降机构设置成能够带动多个加解锁机构2独立地上下移动，或者，也可以将升降机构设置成能够带动多个加解锁机构2同步上下移动，等等，这种灵活地调整和改变并不偏离本发明的原理和范围，均应限定在本发明的保护范围之内。
当然，优选将升降机构设置成能够带动多个加解锁机构2独 立地上下移动，更加便于调整各个加解锁机构2的位置，适配更多规格的电池。
此外，还需要说明的是，优选将升降机构全部设置在电池承载平台1的下侧。
此外，还需要说明的是，在实际应用中，本领域技术人员可以将升降机构设置为手动升降机构，或者，也可以将升降机构设置为电动升降机构，再或者，还可以将升降机构设置为液压升降机构，等等，这种对升降机构的具体类型的调整和改变也并不偏离本发明的原理和范围，均应限定在本发明的保护范围之内。
示例性地，如图1所示，在电池承载平台1上设置有12个加解锁机构2，其中，有2个加解锁机构2设置在电池承载平台1的中间位置，电池承载平台1在与这2个加解锁机构2相对应的位置各设置有1个条形开口13(条形开口13允许加解锁机构2的套筒接头21自由移动)，这2个加解锁机构2既与平移机构连接又与升降机构连接，即，这2个加解锁机构2既能够相对于电池承载平台1水平移动，又能够相对于电池承载平台1上下移动，有4个加解锁机构2设置在电池承载平台1的左端，这4个加解锁机构2仅与升降机构连接，未与平移机构连接，即，这4个加解锁机构2仅能够相对于电池承载平台1上下移动，另外的6个加解锁机构2分布在电池承载平台1的其他位置，这6个加解锁机构2既不与平移机构连接也不与升降机构连接。
需要说明的是，在上述示例中，也可以将12个加解锁机构2全部既与平移机构连接又与升降机构连接，或者，将12个加解锁机构2中的部分仅与平移机构连接，剩余部分仅与升降机构连接，等等，这种灵活地调整和改变并不偏离本发明的原理和范围，均应限定在本发明的保护范围之内。
优选地，如图2至图7所示，本发明的升降机构包括多个独立的升降驱动单元4，升降驱动单元4能够带动对应的加解锁机构2相对于电池承载平台1上下移动。
通过设置多个独立的升降驱动单元4，能够使加解锁机构2相对于电池承载平台1独立地上下移动。
示例性地，升降机构包括6个独立的升降驱动单元4，每个升降驱动单元4对应一个加解锁机构2，即，有6个加解锁机构2能够相对于电池承载平台1上下移动。
优选地，本发明的平移机构还设置为能够带动至少部分升降驱动单元4及对应的加解锁机构2相对于电池承载平台1同步水平移动。
上述中“同步水平移动”指的是在平移机构的带动下，升降驱动单元4与对应的加解锁机构2同步水平移动。
示例性地，升降机构包括6个独立的升降驱动单元4，每个升降驱动单元4对应一个加解锁机构2，其中，1号和2号升降驱动单元4与平移机构连接，在平移机构的带动下，1号升降驱动单元4和1号加解锁机构2能够相对于电池承载平台1同步水平移动，2号升降驱动单元4和2号加解锁机构2能够相对于电池承载平台1同步水平移动,1号升降驱动单元4能够驱动1号加解锁机构2相对于电池承载平台1上下移动，2号升降驱动单元4能够驱动2号加解锁机构2相对于电池承载平台1上下移动。
需要说明的是，在上述示例中，可以将平移机构设置成能够带动1号升降驱动单元4和2号升降驱动单元4独立地水平移动，或者，也可以将平移机构设置成能够带动1号升降驱动单元4和2号升降驱动单元4同步水平移动。
优选地，如图2至图5所示，本发明的平移机构包括多个独立的平移驱动单元3，平移驱动单元3能够驱动对应的升降驱动单元4和加解锁机构2相对于电池承载平台1同步水平移动。
示例性地，平移机构包括两个独立的平移驱动单元3，其中，1号平移驱动单元3能够驱动1号升降驱动单元4和1号加解锁机构2能够相对于电池承载平台1同步水平移动，2号平移驱动单元3能够驱动2号升降驱动单元4和2号加解锁机构2能够相对于电池承载平台1同步水平移动。
优选地，如图2至图5所示，本发明的平移驱动单元3包括第一驱动组件31、第一丝杠32以及平移构件33，其中，与平移驱动单元3对应的升降驱动单元4和加解锁机构2均安装在平移构件33上。
第一驱动组件31和第一丝杠32均安装在电池承载平台1上，第一丝杠32沿水平方向设置，第一驱动组件31能够驱动第一丝杠32转动，平移构件33安装在第一丝杠32上，并且与第一丝杠32螺接，平移构件33能够随着第一丝杠32的转动沿着第一丝杠32带着升降驱动单元4和加解锁机构2水平移动。
在具体应用中，可以先由第一驱动组件31驱动第一丝杠32转动，在第一丝杠32转动的过程中，平移构件33带着升降驱动单元4和加解锁机构2同步水平移动，使加解锁机构2移动到电池的紧固件的正下方后，再使升降驱动单元4驱动加解锁机构2向上移动，以使加解锁机构2上升到加解锁位置与紧固件对接。
需要说明的是，在实际应用中，本领域技术人员可以将第一驱动组件31设置为电机和齿轮传动组的组合结构，或者，设置为电机和传动带的组合结构，再或者，还可以设置为电机和链轮链条的组合结构，等等，这种对第一驱动组件31的具体结构形式的调整和改变并不偏离本发明的原理和范围，均应限定在本发明的保护范围之内。
优选地，如图2和图3所示，第一驱动组件31包括安装在电池承载平台1上的第一电机311、第一主动齿轮312、第一齿形传动带313和第一从动齿轮314。
其中，第一主动齿轮312与第一电机311的驱动轴固定连接，第一从动齿轮314与第一丝杠32的一端固定连接，第一齿形传动带313与第一主动齿轮312和第一从动齿轮314啮合。
示例性地，如图2和图3所示，电池承载平台1的底面在与第一驱动组件31对应的位置设置有两个沿水平方向相对设置的第一固定板11，第一丝杠32的两端分别与两个第一固定板11转动连接，第一电机311安装其中的一个第一固定板11上，且位于第一丝杠32的正下方，第一电机311的驱动轴水平设置，第一主动齿轮312位于第一从动齿轮314的正下方，第一电机311驱动第一主动齿轮312转动，第一主动齿轮312通过第一齿形传动带313带动第一从动齿轮314转动，第一从动齿轮314带动第一丝杠32转动。
优选地，如图3所示，本发明的换电装置还包括安装在电池 承载平台1与平移构件33之间的第一导向机构5，第一导向机构5能够在平移构件33相对于电池承载平台1水平移动的过程中对平移构件33进行导向。
需要说明的是，在实际应用中，本领域技术人员可以将第一导向机构5设置为导向柱与导向筒相配合的机构，或者，也可以将第一导向机构5设置为导向块与导轨相配合的机构，再或者，还可以将第一导向机构5设置为导向槽与导向块相配合的结构，等等，这种对第一导向机构5的具体结构形式的调整和改变并不偏离本发明的原理和范围，均应限定在本发明的保护范围之内。
优选地，如图3所示，第一导向机构5包括安装在电池承载平台1上的第一导轨51以及安装在平移构件33上的第一导向块52，第一导轨51沿平移构件33的移动方向水平设置，第一导向块52安装在第一导轨51上且能够沿着第一导轨51的长度方向滑动。
示例性地，第一导轨51的数量为两个且平行设置，两个第一导轨51均固定安装在电池承载平台1的底面上，第一导向块52的数量也为两个，两个第一导向块52均安装在平移构件33的顶面。
优选地，如图2至图5所示，平移构件33包括第一移动块331、水平板332和竖直板333，第一移动块331与水平板332固定连接且与第一丝杠32螺接，竖直板333的顶端与水平板332固定连接，升降驱动单元4和加解锁机构2安装在竖直板333上。
第一移动块331上设置有螺纹孔(图中未示出)，第一移动块331通过该螺纹孔与第一丝杠32螺接，第一移动块331的顶端与水平板332的底面固定连接，第一导向块52安装在水平板332的顶面。
优选地，如图2至图5所示，本发明的升降驱动单元4包括第二驱动组件41、第二丝杠42和第二移动块43，第二移动块43与加解锁机构2固定连接，第二驱动组件41和第二丝杠42均安装在竖直板333上，第二丝杠42沿竖直方向设置，第二驱动组件41能够驱动第二丝杠42转动，第二移动块43安装在第二丝杠42上且与第二丝杠42螺接，第二移动块43能够随着第二丝杠42的转动沿着第二丝杠42带着加解锁机构2上下移动。
其中，第二移动块43上设置有螺纹孔(图中未示出)，第二移动块43通过螺纹孔与第二丝杠42螺接，第二驱动组件41能够驱动第二丝杠42转动，在第二丝杠42转动的过程中，第二移动块43带着加解锁机构2沿着第二丝杠42上下移动。
需要说明的是，在实际应用中，本领域技术人员可以将第二驱动组件41设置为电机和齿轮传动组的组合结构，或者，设置为电机和传动带的组合结构，再或者，还可以设置为电机和链轮链条的组合结构，等等，这种对第二驱动组件41的具体结构形式的调整和改变并不偏离本发明的原理和范围，均应限定在本发明的保护范围之内。
优选地，如图2至图5所示，第二驱动组件41包括安装在竖直板333上的第二电机411、第二主动齿轮412、第二齿形传动带413和第二从动齿轮414。
其中，第二主动齿轮412与第二电机411的驱动轴固定连接，第二从动齿轮414与第二丝杠42的一端固定连接，第二齿形传动带413与第二主动齿轮412和第二从动齿轮414啮合。
示例性地，如图4和图5所示，竖直板333上设置有支撑座3331，支撑座3331上设置有通孔，通孔内安装有轴承，第二丝杠42安装在轴承内，第二丝杠42的底端穿过轴承，第二从动齿轮414安装在第二丝杠42的底端，第二电机411的驱动轴竖直设置，第二主动齿轮412与第二从动齿轮414位于同一高度，第二电机411驱动第二主动齿轮412转动，第二主动齿轮412通过第二齿形传动带413带动第二从动齿轮414转动，第二从动齿轮414带动第二丝杠42转动。
优选地，如图4和图5所示，竖直板333的数量为两个，两个竖直板333沿水平方向相对设置，加解锁机构2位于两个竖直板333之间，换电装置还包括安装在竖直板333与加解锁机构2之间的第二导向机构6，第二导向机构6能够在加解锁机构2相对于竖直板333上下移动的过程中对加解锁机构2进行导向。
在升降驱动单元4带动加解锁机构2相对于电池承载平台1上下移动的过程中，能够通过第二导向机构6对加解锁机构2进行导向，防止加解锁机构2发生偏移，能够使加解锁机构2顺利地与电池的紧固 件对接。
需要说明的是，在实际应用中，本领域技术人员可以将第二导向机构6设置为导向柱与导向筒相配合的机构，或者，也可以将第二导向机构6设置为导向块与导轨相配合的机构，再或者，还可以将第二导向机构6设置为导向槽与导向块相配合的结构等等，这种对第二导向机构6的具体结构形式的调整和改变并不偏离本发明的原理和范围，均应限定在本发明的保护范围之内。
优选地，如图4和图5所示，第二导向机构6包括两组相适配的第二导轨61和第二导向块62，第二导轨61沿竖直方向设置，第二导向块62能够沿着第二导轨61上下滑动，两个第二导轨61分别与对应的竖直板333固定连接，两个第二导向块62分别与加解锁机构2的两个相对侧固定连接。
示例性地，两个竖直板333分别位于加解锁机构2的左右两侧，每个竖直板333的内侧安装有一个第二导轨61，每个第二导轨61上安装有一个相适配的第二导向块62，两个第二导向块62分别与加解锁机构2的左侧面和右侧面固定连接。
需要说明的是，图2至图5中示出的是与平移机构连接的升降驱动单元4。在本发明中，还有部分升降驱动单元4未与平移机构连接，如图6和图7所示，该部分升降驱动单元4安装在电池承载平台1上，该部分升降驱动单元4的具体结构与上述介绍的升降驱动单元4的具体结构完全相同。
示例性地，如图6和图7所示，电池承载平台1的底面在与升降驱动单元4对应的位置设置有两个沿水平方向相对设置的第二固定板12，加解锁机构2位于两个第二固定板12之间，升降驱动单元4的第二驱动组件41和第二丝杠42均安装在其中一个第二固定板12上。
优选地，如图6和图7所述，换电装置还包括安装在第二固定板12与加解锁机构2之间的第三导向机构7，第三导向机构7能够在加解锁机构2相对于第二固定板12上下移动的过程中对加解锁机构2进行导向。
其中，第三导向机构7包括两组相适配的第三导轨71和第 三导向块72，第三导轨71沿竖直方向设置，第三导向块72能够沿着第三导轨71上下滑动，两个第三导轨71分别与对应的第二固定板12固定连接，两个第三导向块72分别与加解锁机构2的两个相对侧固定连接。
优选地，如图2至图7所示，本发明的加解锁机构2包括第三驱动组件和套筒接头21，第三驱动组件与套筒接头21连接且能够驱动套筒接头21转动。
套筒接头21的形状与动力电池的紧固件的形状相匹配，在将套筒接头21与紧固件对接完成后，第三驱动组件驱动套筒接头21带动紧固件转动，以将紧固件解锁或者拧紧。
优选地，如图2至图7所示，本发明的第三驱动组件包括第三电机22和减速器23，减速器23的底端与第三电机22的驱动轴固定连接，减速器23的顶端与套筒接头21连接。其中，可以使减速器23的外壳与第二移动块43和第二导向块62固定连接。
本领域的技术人员能够理解，尽管在此所述的一些实施例包括其它实施例中所包括的某些特征而不是其它特征，但是不同实施例的特征的组合意味着处于本申请的范围之内并且形成不同的实施例。例如，在本申请的权利要求书中，所要求保护的实施例的任意之一都可以以任意的组合方式来使用。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种换电装置，其特征在于，所述换电装置包括电池承载平台以及安装在所述电池承载平台上的平移机构和多个加解锁机构，
    其中，所述平移机构能够带动至少部分所述加解锁机构相对于所述电池承载平台水平移动以使多个所述加解锁机构能够适配不同规格的动力电池。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的换电装置，其特征在于，所述换电装置还包括安装在所述电池承载平台上的升降机构，所述升降机构设置为能够带动至少部分所述加解锁机构相对于所述电池承载平台上下移动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的换电装置，其特征在于，所述升降机构包括多个独立的升降驱动单元，所述升降驱动单元能够带动对应的所述加解锁机构相对于所述电池承载平台上下移动。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的换电装置，其特征在于，所述平移机构还设置为能够带动至少部分所述升降驱动单元及对应的所述加解锁机构相对于所述电池承载平台同步水平移动。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的换电装置，其特征在于，所述平移机构包括多个独立的平移驱动单元，所述平移驱动单元能够驱动对应的所述升降驱动单元和所述加解锁机构相对于所述电池承载平台同步水平移动。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的换电装置，其特征在于，所述平移驱动单元包括第一驱动组件、第一丝杠以及平移构件，与所述平移驱动单元对应的所述升降驱动单元和所述加解锁机构均安装在所述平移构件上，
    所述第一驱动组件和所述第一丝杠均安装在所述电池承载平台上，所述第一丝杠沿水平方向设置，所述第一驱动组件能够驱动所述第一丝杠转动，
    所述平移构件安装在所述第一丝杠上且与所述第一丝杠螺接，所述平移构件能够随着所述第一丝杠的转动沿着所述第一丝杠水平移动。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的换电装置，其特征在于，所述换电装置还包括安装在所述电池承载平台与所述平移构件之间的第一导向机构，所述第一导向机构能够在所述平移构件相对于所述电池承载平台水平移动的过程中对所述平移构件进行导向。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的换电装置，其特征在于，所述第一导向机构包括安装在所述电池承载平台上的第一导轨以及安装在所述平移构件上的第一导向块，所述第一导轨沿所述平移构件的移动方向水平设置，所述第一导向块安装在所述第一导轨上且能够沿着所述第一导轨的长度方向滑动。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的换电装置，其特征在于，所述平移构件包括第一移动块、水平板和竖直板，所述第一移动块与所述水平板固定连接且与所述第一丝杠螺接，所述竖直板的顶端与所述水平板固定连接，所述升降驱动单元和所述加解锁机构均安装在所述竖直板上。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的换电装置，其特征在于，所述升降驱动单元包括第二驱动组件、第二丝杠和第二移动块，所述第二移动块与所述加解锁机构固定连接，
    所述第二驱动组件和所述第二丝杠均安装在所述竖直板上，所述第二丝杠沿竖直方向设置，所述第二驱动组件能够驱动所述第二丝杠转动，
    所述第二移动块安装在所述第二丝杠上且与所述第二丝杠螺接，所述第二移动块能够随着所述第二丝杠的转动沿着所述第二丝杠上下移动。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的换电装置，其特征在于，所述竖直板的数量为两个且沿水平方向相对设置，所述加解锁机构位于两个所述竖直板 之间，所述换电装置还包括安装在所述竖直板与所述加解锁机构之间的第二导向机构，所述第二导向机构能够在所述加解锁机构相对于所述竖直板上下移动的过程中对所述加解锁机构进行导向。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的换电装置，其特征在于，所述第二导向机构包括两组相适配的第二导轨和第二导向块，所述第二导轨沿竖直方向设置，所述第二导向块能够沿着所述第二导轨上下滑动，两个所述第二导轨分别与对应的所述竖直板固定连接，两个所述第二导向块分别与所述加解锁机构的两个相对侧固定连接。
  13. 根据权利要求6所述的换电装置，其特征在于，所述第一驱动组件包括安装在所述电池承载平台上的第一电机、第一主动齿轮、第一齿形传动带和第一从动齿轮，
    所述第一主动齿轮与所述第一电机的驱动轴固定连接，所述第一从动齿轮与所述第一丝杠的一端固定连接，所述第一齿形传动带与所述第一主动齿轮和所述第一从动齿轮啮合。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的换电装置，其特征在于，所述第二驱动组件包括安装在所述竖直板上的第二电机、第二主动齿轮、第二齿形传动带和第二从动齿轮，
    所述第二主动齿轮与所述第二电机的驱动轴固定连接，所述第二从动齿轮与所述第二丝杠的一端固定连接，所述第二齿形传动带与所述第二主动齿轮和第二从动齿轮啮合。
  15. 根据权利要求1至14中任一项所述的换电装置，其特征在于，所述加解锁机构包括第三驱动组件和套筒接头，所述第三驱动组件与所述套筒接头连接且能够驱动所述套筒接头转动。
  16. 一种充换电站，其特征在于，所述充换电站配置有权利要求1至15中任一项所述的换电装置。
PCT/CN2023/104967 2022-09-02 2023-06-30 换电装置及包括该换电装置的充换电站 WO2024045876A1 (zh)

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