WO2024041513A1 - 夹片联动机构及夹持装置 - Google Patents

夹片联动机构及夹持装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024041513A1
WO2024041513A1 PCT/CN2023/114194 CN2023114194W WO2024041513A1 WO 2024041513 A1 WO2024041513 A1 WO 2024041513A1 CN 2023114194 W CN2023114194 W CN 2023114194W WO 2024041513 A1 WO2024041513 A1 WO 2024041513A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
clamping
pair
clip
guide groove
center
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/114194
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴书朋
于荣鹏
张晓飞
张坤
Original Assignee
江苏新美星包装机械股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202211006498.3A external-priority patent/CN115072074B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202211005682.6A external-priority patent/CN115092473A/zh
Application filed by 江苏新美星包装机械股份有限公司 filed Critical 江苏新美星包装机械股份有限公司
Publication of WO2024041513A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024041513A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B43/00—Forming, feeding, opening or setting-up containers or receptacles in association with packaging
    • B65B43/42—Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position; Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation
    • B65B43/46—Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position; Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation using grippers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
    • B65G47/74—Feeding, transfer, or discharging devices of particular kinds or types
    • B65G47/84—Star-shaped wheels or devices having endless travelling belts or chains, the wheels or devices being equipped with article-engaging elements
    • B65G47/841—Devices having endless travelling belts or chains equipped with article-engaging elements
    • B65G47/842—Devices having endless travelling belts or chains equipped with article-engaging elements the article-engaging elements being grippers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67C—CLEANING, FILLING WITH LIQUIDS OR SEMILIQUIDS, OR EMPTYING, OF BOTTLES, JARS, CANS, CASKS, BARRELS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; FUNNELS
    • B67C3/00—Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus; Filling casks or barrels with liquids or semiliquids
    • B67C3/02—Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus
    • B67C3/22—Details
    • B67C3/24—Devices for supporting or handling bottles

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of filling production equipment, and in particular to a clamping device for grabbing containers.
  • the structure of the traditional clamping device includes: a pair of clips, which are respectively hingedly connected to the base.
  • Each clip includes a clip body.
  • the front end of each clip body is a clip head, and a pair of clips.
  • a gap is formed between the outer ends of the heads for the container to enter or escape.
  • the inside of the head of each clip is provided with a clamping portion for holding the mouth of the container.
  • a spring is provided between a pair of clips. Under the action of the spring, the clamping portions of the pair of clamping pieces always tend to move closer to each other to clamp the container.
  • CN111661808A discloses a container gripper.
  • the driving block is provided with two driving grooves, and the tail of each clip is provided with a rolling mechanism located in the driving groove, thereby achieving synchronization of the opening and closing of the clips and the displacement of the driving block.
  • There is no overlapping public area for the clips and in order to synchronize the rotation and movement of the corresponding components, the mounting base, drive block, clips and other structures are unusually large, and the overall structure is very bulky.
  • the head of the clamping function only acts as a point on the outer circumference of the circle, that is, the circle of the head and the circle of the bottle are circumscribed as a whole. The contact area is too small, causing the bottle body to be unstable during clamping.
  • CN101439837A discloses a bottle clamping device of a bottle rinser.
  • a guide shaft is provided at the bottom of a sliding seat with a guide hole, and two guide rods are slidably inserted into the guide hole; two swing bars are rotated on the two guide rods respectively. ;
  • a guide groove is provided on the swing rod, and the guide shaft is inserted into the guide groove.
  • the present disclosure is intended to provide at least one novel clip linkage mechanism.
  • the present disclosure provides a clamp linkage mechanism for clamping containers, including:
  • each clip of the two clips is hingedly connected to the base, the inside of the front end of each clip is provided with a clamping part for holding the container, the arc of the clamping part protrudes outward ;
  • the sliding rod slides in the front and rear directions on the base and is located between the clip and the base.
  • the block at the front end of the sliding rod is located between a pair of clip heads.
  • the stopper of the block is in contact with the pair of clip heads.
  • the clamping part of the bottom forms a clamping mouth for clamping the mouth of the container;
  • a blocking shaft is provided at the rear of the slide rod, and the two clamping pieces are symmetrically arranged at the center of the hinged position of the base and the blocking shaft and the clamping mouth on both sides of the straight line,
  • each clip There is a guide groove at the rear of each clip.
  • the guide grooves of the two clip bodies are stacked up and down and are clamped on the blocking shaft, that is, the blocking shaft passes through the two guide grooves at the same time;
  • a pair of clamping parts rotate outward synchronously around the center of the corresponding hinge position and open to each other.
  • the blocking part translates in a direction away from the center of the clamping mouth, and The diameter of the clamping port gradually becomes larger while the position of the center of the clamping port remains constant.
  • a pair of clamping parts rotate synchronously inward around the center of the corresponding hinge position and close together, and at the same time, the abutment part moves closer to the center of the clamping opening.
  • the direction of translation, and the diameter of the clamping mouth It gradually becomes smaller while the position of the center of the clamping mouth remains constant; at the same time, a pair of clamping parts rotate outward synchronously around the center of the corresponding hinge position and open to each other, while the position of the stopper remains stationary until the bottle body is close to the stopper. Push the bottom part to move in a direction away from the center of the clamping port to the clamping position.
  • the base is further provided with a guide mechanism that guides the sliding rod to translate along the linear direction between the blocking axis and the center of the clamping opening.
  • the width of each guide groove along its extension direction is substantially constant and slightly larger than the outer diameter of the blocking shaft, so that the blocking shaft can only move along the extension direction of the guide groove;
  • a pair of clamping parts rotate outward synchronously around the center of the corresponding hinge position and open to each other.
  • the blocking part translates in a direction away from the center of the clamping mouth, and The diameter of the clamping port gradually becomes larger while the position of the center of the clamping port remains constant.
  • each guide groove along its extension direction is different and larger than the outer diameter of the blocking shaft, so that when the clamping portion rotates outward, the blocking shaft moves in the guide groove. It can move freely without being displaced relative to the base driven by the inner wall of the guide groove.
  • the present disclosure also provides a clamping device for clamping containers of different calibers, which has any one of the aforementioned clamp linkage mechanisms.
  • an elastic component is provided between the two clips. Under the action of the elastic component, the clamping portions of the pair of clips always have a tendency to be close to each other and can jointly clamp the container with the abutment portion of the stopper. trend.
  • the elastic component is a compression spring
  • the compression spring and the clamping portion of the clip are located on both sides of the hinge position.
  • it further includes a driving device for driving the slide bar to move, and the driving device includes:
  • Driving guide rail the driving guide rail is installed on the frame
  • roller that cooperates with the driving guide rail moves in the guide rail, it drives the slide bar to move forward and backward.
  • a compression spring is disposed between a pair of clips, and the compression spring and the clip holding portion are respectively located on both sides of the hinge position.
  • the two clips are a first clip and a second clip
  • the guide groove on the first clip is the first guide groove
  • the guide groove on the second clip is the second guide groove
  • the width of the first guide groove along its extension direction is substantially constant and slightly larger than the outer diameter of the blocking shaft, so that the blocking shaft can only move along the extension direction of the guide groove;
  • the second guide groove has different widths along its extension direction and are larger than the outer diameter of the blocking shaft, so that when the clamping part rotates outward, the blocking shaft can move freely in the guide groove without The inner wall of the guide groove is driven to cause displacement relative to the base.
  • the technical problem solved by this disclosure is to provide a clip linkage mechanism and an active and passive clamping device.
  • the linkage mechanism enables the diameter of the clamping opening of the clamped container to change with the same center of the circle. It is used for the active clamping mechanism of the clip linkage mechanism.
  • Type clamping device or passive clamping device can be suitable for clamping containers of different calibers.
  • a clip linkage mechanism including: a pair of clips respectively hingedly connected to the base, each clip includes a clip body, and the front end of each clip body is a clip.
  • a gap is formed between the outer ends of the heads of a pair of clamping pieces for the container to enter or detach. The inside of each clamping piece head is provided with a clamping portion for clamping the mouth of the container.
  • the pair of clamping pieces A sliding rod is also provided on the base below.
  • the sliding rod includes a sliding rod body.
  • a stopper is provided at the front end of the sliding rod body.
  • a stopper is provided on the stopper. The stopper is located between a pair of clip heads.
  • the blocking part of the stopper and the clamping part of the pair of clamp heads form a clamping opening for clamping the mouth of the container;
  • a blocking shaft is provided on the slide rod body, and the two clamping pieces are hinged with the base
  • the center of the connecting position is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the straight line between the blocking shaft and the center of the clamping mouth.
  • the guide grooves of the two clip bodies are stacked up and down and clamped on the blocking shaft.
  • a pair of guide grooves on the blocking shaft are symmetrically located at the center of the blocking shaft and the clamping opening.
  • a pair of clamping parts are respectively Rotate outward synchronously around the center of the corresponding hinge position to open, and at the same time, the stopper can translate in a direction away from the center of the clamping mouth, so that the diameter of the clamping mouth gradually becomes larger and the position of the center of the clamping mouth remains constant, or a pair of The clamping parts rotate synchronously inward around the corresponding hinge position center to close each other, and at the same time, the stopper part translates in a direction closer to the center of the clamping opening, so that the diameter of the clamping opening gradually becomes smaller and the position of the center of the clamping opening remains constant.
  • the hinge connection structure between each clip and the base includes: a pin is provided on the base, and the pin is provided with a support sleeve, a bearing, and a washer from bottom to top. There is a mounting hole through which the clip is mounted on the outer ring of the bearing.
  • the structure of the pin includes: a stud, the stud is blocked at the bottom of the base and passes upward through the base, and the stud is bolted with a cylindrical nut, The support sleeve, bearing, and washer are set on the cylindrical body of the cylindrical nut from bottom to top.
  • the top of the stopper protrudes upward from the slide rod body, and a pair of backstops are provided on the stopper.
  • the upper and lower backstops are spaced apart, and the upper and lower backrests are spaced apart.
  • the distance between the stop blocks is consistent with the thickness of the support ring at the mouth of the container.
  • the outer wall of each stop block located on the side of the clamping mouth is the stop part, and the stop part is in the shape of an arc sunken inward.
  • the distance between the upper and lower spaced-apart stop blocks is determined by the thickness of the container mouth support ring.
  • the structure of the guide mechanism includes: a chute provided on the base, and the chute is opened along the straight line direction of the blocking axis and the center of the clamping mouth, so The slide rod body is guided by the chute and moves back and forth along the straight line direction between the blocking axis and the center of the clamping opening.
  • the gap is in the shape of a bell mouth that gradually shrinks from the outside inward, and the end of each clip at the gap position is provided with a guide curved surface that guides from the outside inward.
  • a passive clamping device includes the aforementioned clip linkage mechanism.
  • An elastic component is provided between a pair of clips. Under the action of the elastic component, the clamping portions of the pair of clips always have a position that is close to each other and can engage with the stopper. The tendency of the stoppers to hold the container together.
  • the elastic component is a compression spring
  • the compression spring and the clamping portion of the clip are located on both sides of the hinge position.
  • An active clamping device includes the aforementioned clip linkage mechanism.
  • the outer end of the slide rod body is provided with a roller.
  • the roller is used to cooperate with the driving guide rail.
  • the driving guide rail is installed on the frame.
  • a compression spring is provided between a pair of clips, and the compression spring and the clip holding portion are respectively located on both sides of the hinged position.
  • a linkage mechanism of the clip is provided.
  • the structure is simple and ensures that the diameter of the clamping opening formed by the clamping part and the abutment part becomes infinitely larger and smaller at the same center of the circle.
  • the clamping is reliable, has good compatibility, and has high versatility of parts. It saves equipment costs for filling production and can also assist in improving filling efficiency. Installation production efficiency.
  • the present disclosure also aims to provide a multi-caliber clamping device with a constant clamping center, which can be suitable for clamping containers of different calibers, and the smoothness of the container mouth entering the container holder is greatly improved.
  • a multi-caliber clamping device with a constant clamping center including: a pair of clamping pieces respectively hingedly connected to the base, each clamping piece is hinged with the base. The two sides are respectively the clip head and the clip body. A gap is formed between the outer ends of the pair of clip heads for the container to enter or escape. The inside of each clip head is provided with a mouth for clamping the container.
  • the clamping part is provided with a sliding rod on the base below the pair of clamping pieces, and a stopper is provided at the front end of the sliding rod.
  • the block is provided with a blocking portion, and the blocking block is located between a pair of clip heads; a blocking shaft is provided on the sliding rod, and a guide groove is provided on each clip body.
  • the upper and lower guide grooves of each clip are stacked on the blocking shaft.
  • the two ends of each guide groove are limit ends.
  • the blocking shaft can move between the two limit ends of the guide grooves relative to a pair of guide grooves.
  • one side of the groove wall between the two limit ends of each guide groove is a clamping guide groove wall, and each clamping guide groove wall is located on the side away from the stopper between a pair of limit ends,
  • a first elastic component is provided between the two clips so that the pair of clip heads always rotates inward around the center of the corresponding hinge position so that the pair of clamping parts always have a tendency to close with each other.
  • the shape of the clamping guide groove walls ensures that when a pair of clamping guide groove walls are blocked by the outer wall of the blocking shaft, a pair of clamping parts and abutment parts will form a circle with the clamping center as the center.
  • the clamping mouth clamps the mouth of the container, and the shape of the clamping guide groove wall ensures that when the clamping guide groove wall blocks the movement on the outer wall of the blocking shaft, the diameter of the clamping mouth changes and the position of the clamping center is maintained. Constant; when the clamping guide groove wall blocking action moves on the outer wall of the blocking shaft so that the pair of clamping parts close to each other to the minimum position, the pair of clamping parts and the abutment part are in the initial position of the clamping opening with the smallest diameter. state; the base is also provided with a guide mechanism that guides the sliding rod to translate along the linear direction of the blocking axis and the clamping center.
  • the other groove wall between the two limiting ends of each guide groove is a free guide groove wall, and each free guide groove
  • the walls are located between a pair of limiting ends on one side close to the stopper.
  • the mouth of the container squeezes the heads of a pair of clamping pieces from the gap, it begins to enter between the clamping parts of a pair of clamping pieces.
  • the clamping parts of a pair of clips rotate outward around the center of the corresponding hinge position.
  • the shape of the free guide groove wall ensures that the stopper shaft is in contact with the pair of guides during this process. There is no interference between slots.
  • a second elastic component is provided between the sliding rod and the base or between the fixed components on the base, and the second elastic component can make the sliding rod
  • the blocking shaft on the rod always abuts against the clamping guide groove wall of at least one guide groove.
  • the second elastic component is a tension spring.
  • the two clamping pieces are respectively a first clamping piece and a second clamping piece, and the guide grooves on the two clamping pieces are respectively a first guide groove and a second clamping piece.
  • the other side groove wall between the two limiting ends of the first guide groove is a free guide groove wall
  • the other side groove wall of the second guide groove is an open limit groove wall
  • the free guide groove Both the wall and the opening limit groove wall are located on the side of the blocking shaft close to the abutment part; when a pair of clamping parts and abutment parts are in the initial position, when the mouth of the container squeezes the gap of the pair of clamping pieces into a When the clamping parts of the pair of clamping pieces are not in contact with the abutment part, the clamping part of the first clamping piece rotates outward around the corresponding hinge position and opens, and the shape of the free guide groove wall ensures that the shaft is blocked during this process.
  • the first elastic component is a compression spring
  • the compression spring is disposed between a pair of clip bodies.
  • the aforementioned multi-caliber clamping device with a constant clamping center wherein the structure of the guide mechanism includes: a chute provided on the base, the chute is connected to the clamping axis along the blocking axis The center is located in the linear direction, and the bottom of the sliding rod is provided with a sliding block, and the sliding block is clamped in the chute.
  • the hinge connection structure between each clip and the base includes: a pin is provided on the base, and supports are provided on the pin from bottom to top.
  • the sleeve, bearing, backing plate, and the clip are provided with mounting holes, and the clip is installed on the outer ring of the bearing through the mounting holes.
  • the aforementioned multi-caliber clamping device with a constant clamping center wherein the structure of the pin includes: a stud, the stud is blocked at the bottom of the base and passes upward through the base, and the stud is The bolts are connected with a cylindrical nut, and the support sleeve, bearing and backing plate are sequentially set on the cylindrical body of the cylindrical nut from bottom to top.
  • the top of the stopper protrudes upward from the sliding rod, and a pair of backstops are provided on the stopper, and the upper and lower backstops are spaced apart Setting, the distance between the upper and lower blocks is set The distance is consistent with the thickness of the support ring at the mouth of the container.
  • the outer wall of each block located on the side of the clamping mouth is the block, and the block is in the shape of an arc sunken inward.
  • the distance between the upper and lower spaced-apart stop blocks is determined by the thickness of the container mouth support ring.
  • the setting of the clamping guide groove walls on a pair of clamping pieces enables the clamping of containers of different calibers while keeping the clamping center position constant during the closing process of the pair of clamping parts, thus avoiding frequent replacement of container clamps. device, effectively saving production costs.
  • the structure is simple and easy to install. By replacing the support sleeves of different heights, the installation height of the clip can be adjusted, that is, the clamping height of the clip can be adjusted to realize two containers in two adjacent rotary motion devices.
  • the purpose of the holder is to stagger up and down the clamps when containers are transferred to each other, so the compatibility is good and the components have high versatility.
  • the container By setting one side of the guide groove wall of one clip as a free guide groove wall or arranging the same side groove wall of the guide grooves of two clips as a free guide groove wall, the container is about to enter between a pair of clamping parts.
  • the two clamps can open asynchronously according to the action of the mouth of the container, which greatly improves the smoothness of the container entering between the pair of clamping parts, thereby greatly improving the transfer stability and reliability of the container. That is to say, it can effectively improve the filling production efficiency.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the clip linkage mechanism according to the present disclosure.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the clip linkage mechanism according to the present disclosure.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the hinge structure between the clip and the base in the clip linkage mechanism of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a passive clamping device according to the present disclosure.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an active clamping device according to the present disclosure.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of two clamping devices in Embodiment 4 when they cooperate with each other.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the two clamping devices shown in the side view of Fig. 6 when they cooperate with each other.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-diameter clamping device with a constant clamping center described in Embodiment 5.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a multi-caliber clamping device with a constant clamping center described in Embodiment 5.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the hinge connection structure between the clip and the base in a multi-caliber clamping device with a constant clamping center according to the present disclosure.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-diameter clamping device with a constant clamping center described in Embodiment 6.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a multi-diameter clamping device with a constant clamping center described in Embodiment 6.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the multi-diameter clamping device with a constant clamping center described in Embodiment 5 in an open state.
  • the clip linkage mechanism has a pair of clips 1, and the pair of clips 1 are respectively hingedly connected to the base 2.
  • the hinge connection structure between each clip 1 and the base 2 includes: a pin 7 is provided on the base 2, and a support sleeve 4, a bearing 5, and a washer 6 are provided on the pin 7 from bottom to top.
  • the clip 1 is provided with a mounting hole, and the clip 1 is mounted on the outer ring of the bearing 5 through the mounting hole.
  • the washer 6 is made of wear-resistant material.
  • the structure of the pin 7 includes: stud 71, which is blocked at the bottom of the base and passes upward through the base 2.
  • the stud 71 is bolted with a cylindrical nut 72, and the support sleeve 4, The bearing 5 and the washer 6 are placed on the cylindrical body 721 of the cylindrical nut 72 from bottom to top.
  • the above-mentioned hinge connection structure is used between each clip 1 and the base 2. The purpose is to facilitate installation and at the same time, the installation height of the clip 1 can be adjusted by replacing the support sleeves 4 of different heights, that is, the height of the clip 1 can be adjusted.
  • the clamping height achieves the purpose of staggered upper and lower matching of two adjacent sets of clamps.
  • Each clip 1 includes a clip body 11.
  • the front end of each clip body 11 is a clip head 111.
  • a gap 112 is formed between the outer ends of a pair of clip heads 111 for the container to enter or escape.
  • a clamping portion 113 for clamping the mouth of the container is provided on the inside of each clip head 111.
  • the clamping portion 113 described in this embodiment is in the shape of an arc protruding outward.
  • the arc-shaped clamping portion 113 can better adapt to clamping the mouths of containers of different diameters, and can increase the number of contact points when clamping containers as much as possible to improve the stability of clamping.
  • the gap 112 described in this embodiment is in the shape of a bell mouth that gradually shrinks from the outside to the inside.
  • the end surface of each clip 1 at the position forms a guide curved surface 115 directed from outside to inside.
  • a sliding rod 3 is also provided on the base 2 below the pair of clips 1. At this time, the sliding rod 3 slidably disposed on the base 2 in the front and rear direction is located between the clips 1 and the base 2.
  • the slide rod 3 includes a slide rod body 31.
  • the front end of the slide rod body 31 is provided with a stopper 32.
  • the stopper 32 is provided with a stopper 3211.
  • the stopper 32 is located between a pair of clip heads 111.
  • the abutment portion 3211 of the block 32 and the clamping portions 113 on the pair of clamp heads 111 form a clamping opening 10 for clamping the mouth of the container.
  • the top of the stopper 32 protrudes upward from the slide rod body 31.
  • the stopper 32 is provided with a pair of backstops 321.
  • the backstops 321 are spaced up and down, and each backstop 321 is located between
  • the outer wall on the side of the holding mouth forms a stopper 3211, which is in the shape of an arc and is in the shape of an inward concave arc, and can better cooperate with the holding part 113 that is also arc-shaped to hold the container.
  • the sliding rod body 31 is provided with a blocking shaft 311.
  • the centers of the hinged positions of the two clips 1 and the base 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the straight line between the blocking shaft 311 and the center 101 of the clamping port.
  • the blocking shaft 311 is provided.
  • the straight line between the shaft 311 and the center 101 of the clamping port is called the central axis 100, that is, the pins 7 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central axis 100.
  • Each clip body 11 is provided with a guide groove 114.
  • the guide groove 114 and the clip head 111 of each clip 1 are respectively located on both sides of the hinged position of the clip 1 and the base 2, that is, located on the corresponding pin. 7 on both sides.
  • the guide grooves 114 on the two clip bodies 11 are stacked up and down and locked on the blocking shaft 311 .
  • a pair of guide grooves 114 on the blocking shaft 311 are symmetrically located on both sides of the central axis 100.
  • the width of each guide groove 114 along its extension direction is basically unchanged and slightly larger than the outer width of the blocking shaft 311. diameter, the groove walls on both sides of the width direction of the guide grooves 114 of the two clips 1 are in close contact with the outer walls of the blocking shaft 311, so that the blocking shaft 311 can only move along the extension direction of the guide grooves 114. As shown in FIG.
  • the side wall of the front part of the clip 1 away from the central axis 100 when the side wall of the front part of the clip 1 away from the central axis 100 is substantially parallel to the central axis 100 , the side wall of the rear part of the clip 1 away from the central axis 100 is inward.
  • the shrinkage makes the entire clamping device rectangular in shape and compact in structure.
  • the pair of clamping parts 113 rotate outward synchronously around the corresponding pin 7 to open each other, and at the same time, the abutment part 3211 on the sliding rod 3 moves away from the clamping part.
  • the direction of the mouth center 101 is translated, which makes the diameter of the clamping mouth 10 gradually larger and the position of the clamping mouth center 101 constant; then, under the interaction between a pair of guide grooves 114 and the blocking shaft 311, a pair of clamping parts 113 synchronously rotates inward around the corresponding pin 7 to get closer, and at the same time, the stopper 3211 on the slide rod 3 translates in a direction closer to the center 101 of the clamping opening, which makes the diameter of the clamping opening 10 gradually become smaller and the center of the clamping opening 101 becomes smaller.
  • the position of 101 is constant.
  • the base 2 is also provided with a guide mechanism that guides the slide rod 3 to translate along the linear direction between the blocking shaft 311 and the center 101 of the clamping opening, that is, the guide mechanism that ensures that the slide rod 3 moves along the direction of the central axis 100 .
  • the constant position of the clamping port center 101 means that the radial and circumferential positions of the clamping port center 101 remain unchanged relative to the rotation center of the rotary equipment where the clamping device is located.
  • the structure of the guide mechanism described in this embodiment includes: a chute 21 provided on the base 2.
  • the chute 21 is opened along the linear direction of the blocking axis 311 and the center 101 of the clamping mouth. Under the guidance of the chute 21, the rod body 31 translates back and forth along the straight line direction between the blocking axis 311 and the center 101 of the clamping opening, that is, the direction of the central axis 100.
  • the slide bar body 31 can be directly blocked in the slide groove 21 , or a slide block 301 can be provided at the bottom of the slide bar body 31 as shown in FIG. 3 , and the slide block 301 can be blocked in the slide groove 21 .
  • the guide groove 114 When designing the guide groove 114, first set the minimum diameter and maximum diameter of the clamping port. Under the premise that the center of the circle is concentric, according to the translation trajectory of the blocking shaft 311 during the change from the minimum diameter to the maximum diameter and the relative position of the clamp relative to the corresponding
  • the pin rotation trajectory can be simulated by three-dimensional drawing software to obtain the shape of the guide groove 114; the relative motion trajectory can also be obtained through mathematical calculations. Using three-dimensional drawing software can greatly facilitate the design of the guide groove 114.
  • the above-mentioned clip linkage mechanism realizes the stepless increase and decrease in the diameter of the clamping opening 10 formed by the pair of clamping parts 113 and the abutment part 3211, and during this process, the position of the center 101 of the clamping opening is always maintained. constant.
  • the clamping device can clamp containers of different calibers, which can effectively improve the compatibility of the clamping device.
  • a passive clamping device includes the clip linkage mechanism introduced in Embodiment 1.
  • the specific structure of the clip linkage mechanism will not be repeated in this embodiment.
  • it is usually composed of
  • the clamping device in which the clips open after the device is squeezed is called a passive clamping device.
  • an elastic component is provided between a pair of clips 1. Under the action of the elastic component, the clamping portions 113 of the pair of clips 1 always have mutual contact. The container can be moved closer together with the abutment portion 3211 of the stopper 32 to clamp the container.
  • the elastic component is a compression spring 8
  • the compression spring 8 and the clamping portion 113 of the clip 1 are respectively located on both sides of the hinge position, that is, on both sides of the pin 7 .
  • the mouth of the container enters through the gap 112, and the mouth of the container squeezes the clip heads 111 on both sides of the gap 112, so that the clamping portion 113 is synchronized around the corresponding pin 7 Rotate outward to open, and at the same time the stopper 3211 moves in a direction away from the center 101 of the clamping mouth, the diameter of the clamping mouth 10 gradually becomes larger, and the mouth of the container completely enters the clamping mouth 10 and resists behind the stopper 3211 , under the action of the compression spring 8, the clamping portion 113 rotates inward around the corresponding pin 7 synchronously and closes.
  • the abutment portion 3211 moves in a direction close to the center 101 of the clamping opening. In this way, the abutment portion 3211 is in contact with a pair of clamps.
  • the clamping opening 10 formed by the head portion 111 will reliably clamp the mouth of the container.
  • the mouth of the container squeezes the clip heads 111 on both sides of the notch 112 outward, so that the clamping portion 113 rotates outward synchronously around the corresponding pin 7 to open, and at the same time, it leans against the stopper.
  • the portion 3211 moves away from the center of the clamping mouth, and the diameter of the clamping mouth 10 gradually becomes larger.
  • the clamping portion 113 rotates around the corresponding pin 7 Synchronously rotate inward to close, and at the same time, the stopper 3211 moves in a direction closer to the center 101 of the clamping opening, until the diameter of the clamping opening 10 returns to the initial diameter.
  • an active clamping device includes the clip linkage mechanism introduced in Embodiment 1.
  • the specific structure of the clip linkage mechanism will not be repeated.
  • a clamping device that automatically opens the clip 1 is called an active clamping device.
  • the clamping device also includes a driving device for driving the sliding rod to move.
  • the driving device includes: a roller provided at the outer end of the sliding rod, and a driving guide rail installed on the frame. The roller that cooperates with the driving guide rail drives the slide bar to move forward and backward when moving in the guide rail.
  • the outer end of the sliding rod body 31 in the active clamping device is provided with a roller 9 , and the roller 9 is used to cooperate with the driving guide rail 91 .
  • the roller 9 moves in the driving guide rail 91.
  • the sliding rod 3 can translate back and forth along the straight line direction where the blocking shaft 311 and the center 101 of the clamping port are located, that is, along the direction of the central axis 100.
  • the sliding rod 3 When it is necessary to grab or release the container, the sliding rod 3 translates in a direction away from the center 101 of the clamping opening, and at the same time, the pair of clamping parts 113 rotate outward around the corresponding pins 7 and move away from each other, thereby making the gap 112 larger, so that The mouth of the container can enter the holding opening 10 without friction or leave the holding opening 10 without friction.
  • the slide rod 3 moves along the central axis 100 toward the center 101 of the clamping opening.
  • a compression spring 8 can be provided between a pair of clips 1.
  • the compression spring 8 and the clamping portion 113 of the clip 1 are respectively Located on either side of the hinged position.
  • the length of the drive guide rail 91 can be greatly shortened.
  • the drive guide rail 91 only needs to be set at the container handover position. After the container is handed over, under the action of the compression spring 8, the pair of clamping parts 113 and the abutment part 3211 reliably clamp the mouth of the container or maintain it at the initial diameter position.
  • Example 2 and Example 3 It can be seen from Example 2 and Example 3 that a passive clamping device and an active clamping device using a clamping linkage mechanism can capture containers of a variety of different diameters because the diameter of the clamping opening can be infinitely changed. , and the position of the center 101 of the clamping port 10 always remains unchanged during the change of the diameter of the clamping port 10, so it can ensure that the handover position of containers of different calibers always remains unchanged, that is, the passive clamping device or the active clamping device is used
  • the gyration radius of the rotary filling machine, rotary conveying device, etc. of the clamping device does not need to be changed, and the compatibility of the entire filling production equipment is greatly improved.
  • the two clamping devices are a first clamping device 20 and a second clamping device 30 respectively.
  • the first clamping device 20 and the second clamping device 30 may be active or It is the passive type.
  • Figures 6 and 7 only take the passive type as an example.
  • the first clamping device 20 and the second clamping device 30 are respectively installed on the rotary bases of two adjacent rotary equipments.
  • the structures of the first clamping device 20 and the second clamping device 30 are exactly the same. The only difference is that the height of the support sleeve in the second clamping device 30 is different.
  • the height of the second support sleeve 3004 in the second clamping device 30 is The first support sleeve 2004 in the first clamping device 20 .
  • the first sliding rod 2003 in the first clamping device 20 and the second sliding rod 3003 in the second clamping device 30 are installed at the same height, that is, the first abutment portion 2001 in the first clamping device 20 and the second clamping device 2003 are installed at the same height.
  • the heights of the second abutment parts 3001 in the holding device 30 are the same.
  • the first clamping piece of the first clamping device 20 The clamping part of the head 2002 is clamped at the bottom of the support ring at the mouth of the container, and the clamping part of the second clamp head 3002 of the second clamping device 30 is clamped at the bottom of the support ring at the mouth of the container.
  • the height of the support sleeves in the first clamping device 20 and the second clamping device 30 differs by one support ring thickness.
  • the parts in the entire clamping device are very versatile.
  • the installation height of the slewing bases of adjacent slewing equipment is the same. This can be achieved by changing the height of the support sleeve in the clamping device on one of the slewing bases.
  • the cooperation of the clamping devices on two adjacent rotary conveying equipment effectively saves the equipment cost of the entire filling production line.
  • This embodiment provides a multi-caliber clamping device with a constant clamping center, including: a pair of clamping pieces 2 respectively hingedly connected to the base 1.
  • the hinged connection structure includes: a pin 7 is provided on the base 1, and a support sleeve 701, a bearing 702, and a backing plate 703 are provided on the pin 7 from bottom to top.
  • a mounting hole is provided on the clip 2, and the clip 2 passes through the mounting hole.
  • the backing plate 703 is made of wear-resistant material.
  • the structure of the pin 7 includes: stud 71, which is blocked at the bottom of the base 1 and passes upward through the base 1.
  • the stud 71 is bolted with a cylindrical nut 72, and the support sleeve 701 , the bearing 702 and the backing plate 703 are set on the cylindrical body 721 of the cylindrical nut 72 from bottom to top.
  • the above-mentioned hinge connection structure is used between each clip 2 and the base 1.
  • the purpose is to facilitate installation, and at the same time, the installation height of the clip 2 can be adjusted by replacing the support sleeves 701 of different heights, that is, the height of the clip 2 can be adjusted.
  • the clamping height is to achieve the purpose of staggering up and down the clamping pieces of two container holders in two adjacent rotary motion devices when containers are transferred to each other.
  • Rotary motion devices include: rotary filling machines, rotary conveying mechanisms, etc.
  • each clip 2 and the base 1 are respectively a clip head 21 and a clip body 22.
  • a gap 20 is formed between the outer ends of a pair of clip heads 21 for the container to enter or escape.
  • the inner side of each clip head 21 is provided with a clamping portion 211 for clamping the mouth of the container.
  • the base 1 below the pair of clips 2 is also provided with a sliding rod 3.
  • the front end of the sliding rod 3 is provided with a stopper 31.
  • the stopper 31 is provided with a stopper 311.
  • the stopper 31 is located on the pair of clips. between head 21. In this embodiment, the top of the stopper 31 protrudes upward from the sliding rod 3.
  • a pair of backstops 301 are provided at the end of the stopper 31.
  • the backstops 301 are spaced up and down, and each backstop 301 is clamped close to the
  • the outer wall on one side of the portion 211 forms a blocking portion 311, and the blocking portion 311 is in the shape of an inward concave arc.
  • the sliding rod 3 is provided with a blocking shaft 32, and each clip body 22 is provided with a guide groove 4.
  • the guide grooves 4 of the two clips 2 are stacked on the blocking shaft 32.
  • the two ends of each guide groove 4 are limit ends.
  • the two limit ends of the two guide grooves are respectively the opening limit end 41 for limiting the maximum opening position of a pair of clamping parts 211 and the opening limit end 41 for limiting the pair of clamps.
  • the closing limit end 42 of the holding portion 211 is at the minimum closed position.
  • the blocking shaft 32 can move relative to a pair of guide grooves 4 between the two limiting ends of the pair of guide grooves 4 .
  • each guide groove 4 along its extension direction is different and larger than the outer diameter of the blocking shaft 32 , so that when the clamping portion 211 rotates outward, the blocking shaft 32 can move freely in the guide groove 4 It will not be displaced relative to the base driven by the inner wall of the guide groove 4 , that is, the blocking shaft 32 will not interfere with the guide groove 4 .
  • each guide groove 4 One groove wall between the two limiting ends of each guide groove 4 is a clamping guide groove wall 43, and each clamping guide groove wall 43 is located away from the abutment portion 311 between the two limiting ends. side.
  • a first elastic component is provided between the two clips 2 so that the pair of clip heads 21 always rotate inward around the corresponding pins 7 so that the pair of clamping parts 211 always have a tendency to close with each other.
  • the first elastic component is a compression spring 5
  • the compression spring 5 is disposed between a pair of clip bodies 22 .
  • the guide groove wall is clamped 43 can drive the blocking shaft 32 so that the slide rod 3 moves in a direction closer to the clamping portion 211.
  • the shape of the clamping guide groove walls 43 ensures that when the pair of clamping guide groove walls 43 engages and moves on the outer wall of the blocking shaft 32, the pair of clamping portions 211 and the abutment portion 311 will form a clamping center. It is the clamping mouth 10 with the center of the circle that can clamp the mouth of the container.
  • the shape of the clamping guide groove wall 43 ensures that when the clamping guide groove wall 43 blocks the movement on the outer wall of the blocking shaft 32, the diameter of the clamping mouth changes while the position of the clamping center 101 remains constant.
  • the pair of clamping guide groove walls 43 engage and move on the outer wall of the retaining shaft 32 so that the pair of clamping parts 211 close to each other to the minimum position, the pair of clamping parts 211 and the abutment part 311 are in a position with the smallest diameter.
  • the constant position of the clamping center 101 means that the radial and circumferential positions of the clamping center 101 remain unchanged relative to the rotation center of the rotary motion device where the container holder is located.
  • each guide groove 4 is a free guide groove wall 44, and each free guide groove wall 44 is located between the two limiting ends of the guide groove 4.
  • the space is close to the side of the stopper 311.
  • the sliding rod 3 is fixedly provided between the base 1 or the base 1.
  • a second elastic component is arranged between the components.
  • the second elastic component enables the blocking shaft 32 on the sliding rod 3 to always elastically block against the clamping guide groove wall 43 of at least one guide groove 4 .
  • the second elastic component described in this embodiment is the tension spring 6 .
  • the specific installation structure of the tension spring 6 is shown in Figures 8 and 9. The two ends of the tension spring 6 are respectively connected to the sliding rod 3 and the tension spring seat 61.
  • the tension spring seat 61 is fixedly arranged on the backing plate 703. top.
  • the base 1 is also provided with a guide mechanism that guides the sliding rod 3 to translate along the straight line 100 where the blocking shaft 32 and the clamping center 101 are located.
  • the structure of the guide mechanism includes: a chute 11 provided on the base 1. The chute 11 is opened in the direction of the straight line 100 where the blocking axis 32 and the clamping center 101 are located. The bottom of the sliding rod 3 A slider 33 is provided, and the slider 33 is blocked in the chute 11 .
  • Rotary motion devices include: rotary filling machine, rotary conveying mechanism, etc.
  • the container In the high-speed rotary filling production process, the container is transported from one rotary motion device to another rotary motion device, such as: from an adjacent rotary conveyor device to another rotary conveyor device, or a rotary conveyor The device is conveyed to a rotary filling machine, etc.
  • the container is transferred during the rotational movement, so it cannot be ensured that the container is always facing the pair of clamping parts 211 and sent into the clamping opening 10 of the container holder.
  • the container Normally, the container will be squeezed and rotated along The clamp head 21 on one side of the running direction will open and rotate out of synchronization with the two clamp heads 21, resulting in increased resistance during container handover and unsmooth handover.
  • the multi-caliber clamping device with a constant clamping center described in this embodiment can not only clamp multi-caliber containers, but also ensure that the clamping center 101 always maintains a constant position, and can well overcome the problems that occur during handover. Defects of high handover resistance and unsmooth handover.
  • the specific working process is as follows: before transfer, the pair of clamping parts 211 and the abutment part 311 of the container holder are in the initial position of the clamping opening 10 with the smallest diameter.
  • the mouth of the container squeezes the pair of clip heads 21 from the gap 20,
  • the clamp head 21 on one side along the rotation direction of the container will be squeezed, and a pair of clamp heads 21 will expand outward around the corresponding pin 7, causing the pair of clamping parts 211 to gradually move away.
  • Both guide grooves 4 are provided with free guide groove walls 44, so when entering between the pair of clamping parts 211, there is no interference between the blocking shaft 32 and the pair of guide grooves 4, so that the two clip heads
  • the portion 21 can rotate asynchronously around the corresponding pin 7, which greatly improves the smoothness of the mouth of the container entering between the pair of clamping portions 21.
  • a multi-caliber clamping device with a constant clamping center of the above structure can clamp containers of different calibers and ensure that the positions of the clamping centers 101 of different calibers are constant. Therefore, the container holder of the above structure is versatile. Well, it is suitable for a variety of containers with different calibers, which solves the trouble of frequently changing different corresponding container holders in the filling production line to adapt to the container calibers.
  • the free guide groove wall 44 of the guide groove is arranged so that when the mouth of the container enters between the pair of clamping parts through the gap 20, there is no interference between the blocking shaft 32 and the guide groove, so that the pair of clamp heads 21 can be opened asynchronously according to the function of the mouth of the container, which greatly reduces the resistance of the container entering the clamping port 10, greatly improves the smoothness of the container entering between the pair of clamping parts, and improves the transfer stability of the container. and reliability greatly improved.
  • a multi-caliber clamping device with a constant clamping center.
  • the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 5 is that there are two clips, and the two limits of the guide groove of one clip are The two side groove walls between the position ends are respectively the clamping guide groove wall and the free guide groove wall.
  • the two side groove walls between the two limiting ends of the guide groove of the other clip are respectively the clamping guide groove wall and the free guide groove wall.
  • Open the limiting groove wall, that is, the guide groove of one clip is the same as the guide groove on the clip in Embodiment 5, and the structure of the guide groove on the other clip has been changed to a certain extent, which is the same as the guide groove in Embodiment 1.
  • the slots are the same. There is no second elastic component between the sliding rod 3 and the base 1 or between the fixed components on the base 1 .
  • the two clips are divided into a first clip 82 and a second clip 92 .
  • the guide grooves on the first clip 82 are respectively first guide grooves 84
  • the guide grooves on the second clip 92 are second guide grooves 94
  • the two side grooves between the two limiting ends of the first guide groove 84 The walls are respectively the first clamping guide groove wall 843 and the free guide groove wall 844; the groove walls on both sides of the second guide groove 94 are respectively the second clamping guide groove wall 943 and the expansion limiting groove wall 944.
  • the first clamping guide groove wall 843 and the second clamping guide groove wall 943 are located on the side away from the stop 311 between the two limiting ends of each guide groove.
  • the wall 944 is located between the two limiting ends of each guide groove on one side close to the abutment portion 311 .
  • the shapes, functions, and functions of the first clamping guide groove wall 843 and the second clamping guide groove wall 943 are the same as the clamping guide groove walls in Embodiment 5. This embodiment is just renumbered.
  • the installation of the container holder described in this embodiment needs to ensure that: at the container handover position, the clamp head, first clamp piece of the second clamp piece 92 of the container holder for receiving the container
  • the head of the 82 clip moves along the direction of rotation of the container.
  • the purpose of such arrangement is to enable the mouth of the container to first squeeze the clip head of the first clip 82 during the rotation transfer process. Due to the arrangement of the free guide groove wall 844 of the first guide groove 84 of the first clip 82, when the mouth of the container squeezes the head of the clip through the gap 20 and enters between a pair of clamping parts, the first clip 82
  • the clip head is easier to rotate outward and open than the clip head of the second clip 92 .
  • the mouth of the container is first pressed against the clamp head of the first clamp 82, and the clamp head of the first clamp 82 will rotate outward and open. Therefore, the mouth of the container can smoothly enter between the pair of clamping parts 211 .
  • the arrangement of the expansion limiting groove wall 944 of the second guide groove 94 of the second clip 92 plays a limiting role on the blocking shaft 32, which allows the mouth of the container to enter between the pair of clamping parts 211.
  • the impact between the blocking shaft 32 and the sliding rod 3 is relatively reduced, which not only effectively extends the service life of the container holder, but also greatly reduces the noise during the rotation process, and can effectively improve the container transfer and clamping process. stability.
  • This embodiment provides a way for a single clip to be opened more easily so that the container can smoothly enter between a pair of clamping parts.
  • the container holder using the structures described in different embodiments can be selected according to actual needs.
  • the multi-caliber clamping device with a constant clamping center has the following advantages: 1.
  • the clamping guide groove walls are provided on a pair of clamping pieces to realize the closing of the pair of clamping parts.
  • containers of different calibers can be clamped while keeping the clamping center position constant, avoiding frequent replacement of container holders and effectively saving production costs.
  • the structure is simple and easy to install. By replacing the support sleeves of different heights, the installation height of the clip can be adjusted, that is, the clamping height of the clip can be adjusted to realize two of the two adjacent rotary motion devices.
  • the clamping pieces of the container holder are staggered up and down, so the versatility is good, thereby effectively saving the equipment cost of the entire filling production line.
  • the container is about to enter a pair of clamps.
  • the two clamping pieces can open asynchronously according to the action of the container mouth, which greatly reduces the resistance of the container entering the clamping mouth and improves the smoothness of the container entering between the pair of clamping parts. , thus greatly improving the delivery stability and reliability of the container.
  • the multi-caliber clamping device with a constant clamping center described in the present disclosure can be used as an active container holder or a passive container holder.

Abstract

一种夹片联动机构以及夹持装置，包括：铰连接在底座（2）上的一对夹片（1），一对夹片头部（111）的外端部之间形成豁口（112），每个夹片头部（111）的内侧均设置有夹持部（113），一对夹片（1）下方的底座（2）上还设置有滑杆（3），滑杆本体（31）的前端设置有挡块（32），挡块（32）上设置有靠挡部（3211），挡块（32）的靠挡部（3211）与一对夹片头部（111）的夹持部（113）形成用于夹持容器口部的夹持口（10）；滑杆本体（31）上设置有一根卡挡轴（311），每个夹片本体（11）上都开设有一个导向槽（114），每个夹片（1）的导向槽（114）与夹片头部（111）分别位于该夹片（1）与底座（2）铰接位置的两侧，两个夹片本体（11）的导向槽（114）都卡设在卡挡轴（311）上，卡挡轴（311）上的一对导向槽（114）对称设置，一对夹持部（113）与靠挡部（3211）的运动能使得夹持口（10）的口径逐渐变大或变小而夹持口（10）中心位置恒定。该夹片联动机构以及夹持装置的优点在于：兼容性好，通用性高，顺畅度好。

Description

夹片联动机构及夹持装置 技术领域
本公开涉及灌装生产设备技术领域，具体涉及用于抓取容器的夹持装置。
背景技术
传统夹持装置的结构包括：一对夹片，一对夹片分别铰连接在底座上，每个夹片包括夹片本体，每个夹片本体的前端为夹片头部，一对夹片头部的外端部之间形成供容器进入或脱离的豁口，每个夹片头部的内侧均设置有用于夹持容器口部的夹持部，一对夹片之间设置有弹簧，在弹簧作用下一对夹片的夹持部始终具有相互靠拢而能夹持住容器的趋势。
日新月异的市场需求导致产品差异化越来越大，不同型号的容器的口径不同。吹灌旋整套设备在切换不同型号的产品时，需要将整个吹灌旋设备上的所有用于夹持容器口部的夹持装置都更换掉，并且还要确保更换后夹持装置的夹持中心不变，从而确保容器交接位置保持不变。整个吹灌旋设备的夹持装置多且结构复杂，这导致拆卸、安装、调试，费时费力，停机时间长，影响生产，十分不便，也增加了灌装生产成本。
CN111661808A公开了一种容器抓手，驱动块设置两个驱动槽，每个夹片的尾部设置位于驱动槽中的滚动机构，从而实现夹片张合及驱动块位移的同步。夹片不存在叠设的公共区域，且其为了实现相应部件转动和移动的同步，安装座、驱动块及夹片等结构的体积异常的大，整体结构非常笨重。而且其夹持功能的头部起作用时仅为圆形的外周面的一点，即头部的圆与瓶子的圆整体呈外切圆，接触面积过小导致夹持时瓶身并不稳定。
CN101439837A公开了一种冲瓶机的夹瓶装置，开设有导向孔的滑座底部设置导轴，两根导向杆滑动穿设在导向孔中；两个摆杆分别转动设置在两根导向杆上；同时，摆杆上设置导向槽，导轴穿设在导向槽内。通过滑座相对于导向杆滑动，带动导轴在导向槽内移动，进而带动摆杆相对于导向杆转动。其整体结构复杂，且仅公开了驱动摆杆转动的技术方案，摆杆头部的瓶夹块只针对单一直径的瓶子的夹持，并没有涉及也不能适用于针对不同直径瓶子的夹持。
发明内容
本公开旨在至少提供一种新颖的夹片联动机构。
本公开提供的一种夹片联动机构，用于夹持容器，包括：
底座，
夹片，两个夹片中的每个夹片的中部铰连接在底座上，每个夹片的前端的内侧均设置有用于夹持容器的夹持部，夹持部的弧线向外突出；
滑杆，滑杆沿前后方向滑动设置在底座上并位于夹片与底座之间，滑杆前端的挡块位于一对夹片头部之间，挡块的靠挡部与一对夹片头部的夹持部形成用于夹持容器口部的夹持口；滑杆后部设置有一根卡挡轴，两个夹片与底座铰接位置的中心对称布置在卡挡轴与夹持口中心所在直线的两侧，
每个夹片的后部都开设有一个导向槽，两个夹片本体的导向槽上、下叠设且卡设在卡挡轴上，即该卡挡轴同时穿过两个导向槽；
在一对导向槽与卡挡轴的相互作用下，一对夹持部分别绕对应的铰接位置中心同步向里转动而相互合拢、同时靠挡部向靠近夹持口中心的方向平移，且夹持口的口径逐渐变小同时夹持口中心的位置恒定；和/或，
在一对导向槽与卡挡轴的相互作用下，一对夹持部分别绕对应的铰接位置中心同步向外转动而相互张开、同时靠挡部向远离夹持口中心的方向平移，且夹持口的口径逐渐变大同时夹持口中心的位置恒定。
在一些实施例中，在一对导向槽与卡挡轴的相互作用下，一对夹持部分别绕对应的铰接位置中心同步向里转动而相互合拢、同时靠挡部向靠近夹持口中心的方向平移，且夹持口的口径 逐渐变小同时夹持口中心的位置恒定；同时，一对夹持部分别绕对应的铰接位置中心同步向外转动而相互张开、同时靠挡部位置保持不动，直至瓶身将靠档部推动向远离夹持口中心的方向平移至夹持位置。
在一些实施例中，底座上还设置有引导滑杆沿着卡挡轴与夹持口中心所在直线方向平移的导向机构。
在一些实施例中，每个导向槽沿其延伸方向的宽度基本不变且略大于所述卡挡轴的外径，使得所述卡挡轴仅可以沿着所述导向槽的延伸方向移动；
在一对导向槽与卡挡轴的相互作用下，一对夹持部分别绕对应的铰接位置中心同步向里转动而相互合拢、同时靠挡部向靠近夹持口中心的方向平移，且夹持口的口径逐渐变小同时夹持口中心的位置恒定；
在一对导向槽与卡挡轴的相互作用下，一对夹持部分别绕对应的铰接位置中心同步向外转动而相互张开、同时靠挡部向远离夹持口中心的方向平移，且夹持口的口径逐渐变大同时夹持口中心的位置恒定。
在一些实施例中，每个导向槽沿其延伸方向的宽度不同且都大于所述卡挡轴的外径，使得所述夹持部向外转动时，所述卡挡轴在所述导向槽内自由移动而不会在所述导向槽的内壁驱动下相对于所述底座发生位移。
本公开还提供一种夹持装置，用于夹持不同口径的容器，其具有前述任一所述的夹片联动机构。
在一些实施例中，两个夹片之间设置有弹性部件，在弹性部件的作用下一对夹片的夹持部始终具有相互靠拢而能与挡块的靠挡部共同夹持住容器的趋势。
在一些实施例中，所述的弹性部件为压缩弹簧，压缩弹簧与夹片的夹持部分别位于铰接位置的两侧。
在一些实施例中，其还包括用于驱动滑杆移动的驱动装置，所述驱动装置包括：
滚轮，其设置在滑杆的外端部，
驱动导轨，所述的驱动导轨安装在机架上，
当与驱动导轨配合的所述的滚轮在所述导轨中移动时带动所述滑杆前后移动。
在一些实施例中，一对夹片之间设置有压缩弹簧，压缩弹簧与夹片夹持部分别位于铰接位置的两侧。
在一些实施例中，两个夹片分别为第一夹片和第二夹片，第一夹片上的导向槽为第一导向槽，第二夹片上的导向槽为第二导向槽，
第一导向槽沿其延伸方向的宽度基本不变且略大于所述卡挡轴的外径，使得所述卡挡轴仅可以沿着所述导向槽的延伸方向移动；
第二导向槽沿其延伸方向的宽度不同且都大于所述卡挡轴的外径，使得所述夹持部向外转动时，所述卡挡轴在所述导向槽内自由移动而不会在所述导向槽的内壁驱动下相对于所述底座发生位移。
本公开解决的技术问题是：提供一种夹片联动机构及主动式、被动式夹持装置，联动机构使得夹持容器的夹持口口径能以同一圆心变化，用于该夹片联动机构的主动式夹持装置或被动式夹持装置可以适用于不同口径容器的夹持。
为解决上述问题，本公开采用的技术方案是：夹片联动机构，包括：分别铰连接在底座上一对夹片，每个夹片包括夹片本体，每个夹片本体的前端为夹片头部，一对夹片头部的外端部之间形成供容器进入或脱离的豁口，每个夹片头部的内侧均设置有用于夹持容器口部的夹持部，一对夹片下方的底座上还设置有滑杆，滑杆包括滑杆本体，滑杆本体的前端设置有挡块，挡块上设置有靠挡部，所述的挡块位于一对夹片头部之间，挡块的靠挡部与一对夹片头部的夹持部形成用于夹持容器口部的夹持口；滑杆本体上设置有一根卡挡轴，两个夹片与底座铰 接位置的中心对称布置在卡挡轴与夹持口中心所在直线的两侧，每个夹片本体上都开设有一个导向槽，每个夹片的导向槽与夹片头部分别位于该夹片与底座铰接位置的两侧，两个夹片本体的导向槽上、下叠设且卡设在卡挡轴上，卡挡轴上的一对导向槽对称位于卡挡轴与夹持口中心所在直线的两侧，两个夹片的导向槽的宽度方向两侧的槽壁均紧贴于卡挡轴外壁，在一对导向槽与卡挡轴的相互作用下，一对夹持部分别绕对应铰接位置中心同步向外转动而张开、同时靠挡部能向远离夹持口中心的方向平移，从而使得夹持口的口径逐渐变大且夹持口中心的位置恒定，或者一对夹持部分别绕对应的铰接位置中心同步向里转动而相互合拢、同时靠挡部向靠近夹持口中心的方向平移，从而使得夹持口的口径逐渐变小且夹持口中心的位置恒定；底座上还设置有引导滑杆沿着卡挡轴与夹持口中心所在直线方向平移的导向机构。进一步地，前述的夹片联动机构，其中，每个夹片与底座之间的铰连接结构包括：底座上设置有销轴，销轴由下至上依次设置有支撑套、轴承、垫圈，夹片上开设有安装孔，夹片通过安装孔安装在轴承外圈上。
更进一步地，前述的夹片联动机构，其中，所述的销轴的结构包括：螺柱，螺柱卡挡在底座的底部并向上穿设通过底座，螺柱上螺栓连接有柱状螺帽，所述的支撑套、轴承、垫圈由下至上依次套装在柱状螺帽的柱状本体上。
进一步地，前述的夹片联动机构，其中，所述的挡块顶部向上凸出于滑杆本体，挡块上设置有一对靠挡块，靠挡块上、下间隔设置，上下间隔设置的靠挡块之间的距离与容器口部支撑环的厚度一致，每块靠挡块的位于夹持口一侧的外壁为靠挡部，靠挡部呈向里凹陷的圆弧状。上、下间隔设置的两块靠挡块之间的距离由容器口部支撑环的厚度确定。
进一步地，前述的夹片联动机构，其中，所述的导向机构的结构包括：设置在底座上的滑槽，所述的滑槽沿着卡挡轴与夹持口中心所在直线方向开设，所述的滑杆本体在滑槽的导向下沿着卡挡轴与夹持口中心所在直线方向来回平移。
进一步地，前述的夹片联动机构，其中，所述的豁口呈由外向里逐渐缩小的喇叭口状，豁口位置的每个夹片的端部设置由外向里导向的引导曲面。
一种被动式夹持装置，包括前述的夹片联动机构，一对夹片之间设置有弹性部件，在弹性部件的作用下一对夹片的夹持部始终具有相互靠拢而能与挡块的靠挡部共同夹持住容器的趋势。
进一步地，前述的一种被动式夹持装置，其中，所述的弹性部件为压缩弹簧，压缩弹簧与夹片的夹持部分别位于铰接位置的两侧。
一种主动式夹持装置，包括前述的夹片联动机构，滑杆本体的外端部设置有滚轮，所述的滚轮用于与驱动导轨配合，所述的驱动导轨安装在机架上。
进一步地，前述的一种主动式夹持装置，其中，一对夹片之间设置有压缩弹簧，压缩弹簧与夹片夹持部分别位于铰接位置的两侧。
本公开的优点是：
首先，提供了一种夹片的联动机构，该结构简单，确保夹持部和靠挡部形成的夹持口的口径以同一个圆心无极变大和无极变小。
其次，提供了能进行多口径容器夹持的主动式以及被动式的夹持装置，夹持可靠，兼容性好，零部件的通用性高，为灌装生产节约了设备成本，也能辅助提高灌装生产效率。
本公开还旨在提供一种夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置，可以适用于不同口径容器的夹持，并且容器口部进入容器夹持器中的顺畅度大大提高。
为解决上述问题，本公开采用的技术方案是：一种夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置，包括：分别铰连接在底座上的一对夹片，每个夹片与底座铰接位置的两侧分别为夹片头部和夹片本体，一对夹片头部的外端部之间形成供容器进入或脱离的豁口，每个夹片头部的内侧均设置有用于夹持容器口部的夹持部，一对夹片下方的底座上还设置有滑杆，滑杆的前端设置有挡 块，挡块上设置有靠挡部，所述的挡块位于一对夹片头部之间；滑杆上设置有一根卡挡轴，每个夹片本体上都开设有一个导向槽，两个夹片的导向槽上、下叠设在卡挡轴上，每个导向槽的两端为限位端，卡挡轴能相对一对导向槽在导向槽的两个限位端之间运动，每个导向槽的两个限位端之间的一侧槽壁均为夹持导向槽壁，每个夹持导向槽壁都位于一对限位端之间远离靠挡部的一侧，两个夹片之间设置有使得一对夹片头部始终具有绕对应铰接位置中心向里转动而使得一对夹持部始终具有相互合拢趋势的第一弹性部件，当一对夹片头部在第一弹性部件的弹力作用下绕对应铰接位置中心向里转动而使得一对夹持部相互合拢时，夹持导向槽壁则能驱动卡挡轴使得滑杆向靠近夹持部的方向运动，夹持导向槽壁的形状确保当一对夹持导向槽壁卡挡在卡挡轴的外壁上运动时，一对夹持部与靠挡部则会形成以夹持中心为圆心的、能夹持住容器口部的夹持口，且夹持导向槽壁的形状确保夹持导向槽壁卡挡作用在卡挡轴外壁上运动时，夹持口的口径变化而夹持中心的位置保持恒定；当夹持导向槽壁卡挡作用在卡挡轴外壁上运动使得一对夹持部相互合拢至最小位置时，一对夹持部与靠挡部处于口径最小的夹持口的初始位置状态；底座上还设置有引导滑杆沿着卡挡轴与夹持中心所在直线方向平移的导向机构。
进一步地，前述的一种夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置，其中，每个导向槽的两个限位端之间的另一侧槽壁都为自由导向槽壁，每个自由导向槽壁都位于一对限位端之间靠近靠挡部的一侧，在初始位置状态下，当容器口部从豁口挤压一对夹片头部开始进入一对夹片的夹持部之间而未与靠挡部相接触的过程中，一对夹片的夹持部绕对应铰接位置中心向外转动张开，自由导向槽壁的形状则能确保此过程中卡挡轴与一对导向槽之间无干涉。
进一步地，前述的一种夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置，其中，滑杆与底座之间或与底座上固定设置的零部件之间设置有第二弹性部件，第二弹性部件能使得滑杆上的卡挡轴始终挡靠在至少一个导向槽的夹持导向槽壁上。
更进一步地，前述的一种夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置，其中，第二弹性部件为拉簧。进一步地，前述的一种夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置，其中，两个夹片分别为第一夹片和第二夹片，两个夹片上的导向槽分别为第一导向槽和第二导向槽，第一导向槽的两个限位端之间的另一侧槽壁为自由导向槽壁，第二导向槽的另一侧槽壁为张开限位槽壁；自由导向槽壁与张开限位槽壁都位于卡挡轴靠近靠挡部的一侧；一对夹持部与靠挡部处于初始位置状态时，当容器口部挤压一对夹片的豁口进入一对夹片的夹持部之间而未与靠挡部接触时，第一夹片的夹持部绕对应铰接位置向外转动张开，自由导向槽壁的形状则确保此过程中卡挡轴与第一导向槽之间无干涉，而卡挡轴卡挡在第二夹片的第二导向槽中，第二夹片夹持部绕对应铰接位置中心向外张开时，张开限位槽壁则会驱动卡挡轴驱动滑杆向远离夹持部方向运动。进一步地，前述的一种夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置，其中，第一弹性部件为压缩弹簧，压缩弹簧设置在一对夹片本体之间。
进一步地，前述的一种夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置，其中，所述的导向机构的结构包括：设置在底座上的滑槽，所述的滑槽沿着卡挡轴与夹持中心所在直线方向开设，所述的滑杆的底部设置有滑块，所述的滑块卡设在滑槽中。
进一步地，前述的一种夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置，其中，每个夹片与底座之间的铰连接结构包括：底座上设置有销轴，销轴由下至上依次设置有支撑套、轴承、垫板，夹片上开设有安装孔，夹片通过安装孔安装在轴承外圈上。
进一步地，前述的一种夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置，其中，所述的销轴的结构包括：螺柱，螺柱卡挡在底座的底部并向上穿设通过底座，螺柱上螺栓连接有柱状螺帽，所述的支撑套、轴承、垫板由下至上依次套装在柱状螺帽的柱状本体上。
进一步地，前述的一种夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置，其中，所述的挡块顶部向上凸出于滑杆，挡块上设置有一对靠挡块，靠挡块上、下间隔设置，上下间隔设置的靠挡块之间的距 离与容器口部支撑环的厚度一致，每块靠挡块的位于夹持口一侧的外壁为靠挡部，靠挡部呈向里凹陷的圆弧状。上、下间隔设置的两块靠挡块之间的距离由容器口部支撑环的厚度确定。本公开的优点是：
一对夹片上夹持导向槽壁的设置，实现了在一对夹持部合拢过程中在保持夹持中心位置恒定的前提下实现对不同口径的容器的夹持，避免了频繁更换容器夹持器，有效节约了生产成本。结构简单，安装方便，通过更换不同高度的支撑套就能实现夹片的安装高度的调节，也即调节夹片的夹持高度，以实现相邻设置的两个回转运动装置中的两个容器夹持器在容器相互传递时夹片上下交错配合的目的，因此兼容性好，零部件的通用性高。
通过将一个夹片的导向槽的一侧槽壁设置自由导向槽壁或将两个夹片的导向槽的同一侧槽壁设置成自由导向槽壁，使得容器在即将进入一对夹持部之间时，两个夹片能根据容器口部作用而不同步的张开，这大大提高了容器进入一对夹持部之间的顺畅度，从而大大提高了容器的传递稳定性和可靠性，也即能有效提高灌装生产效率。
附图说明
图1是本公开所述的夹片联动机构结构示意图。
图2是本公开所述的夹片联动机构的立体结构示意图。
图3是本公开所述的夹片联动机构中夹片与底座之间的铰接结构示意图。
图4是本公开所述的一种被动式夹持装置的结构示意图。
图5是本公开所述的一种主动式夹持装置的结构示意图。
图6是实施例4中两个夹持装置相互配合时的结构示意图。
图7是图6侧视方向所示的两个夹持装置相互配合时的结构示意图。
图8是实施例5中所述的一种夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置的结构示意图。
图9是实施例5中所述的一种夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置的立体结构示意图。
图10是本公开所述的一种夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置中夹片与底座之间的铰连接结构示意图。
图11是实施例6中所述的一种夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置的结构示意图。
图12是实施例6中所述的一种夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置的立体结构示意图。
图13是实施例5中所述的一种夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置的张开状态结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和优选实施例对本公开作进一步的详细说明。
实施例1
如图1、图2、图3所示，夹片联动机构，所述的夹片1为一对，一对夹片1分别铰连接在底座2上。本实施例中，每个夹片1与底座2之间的铰连接结构包括：底座2上设置有销轴7，销轴7上由下至上依次设置有支撑套4、轴承5、垫圈6，夹片1上开设有安装孔，夹片1通过安装孔安装在轴承5的外圈上。所述的垫圈6采用耐磨材质。所述的销轴7的结构包括：螺柱71，螺柱71卡挡在底座的底部并向上穿设通过底座2，螺柱71上螺栓连接有柱状螺帽72，所述的支撑套4、轴承5、垫圈6由下至上依次套装在柱状螺帽72的柱状本体721上。每个夹片1与底座2之间采用上述铰连接结构，其目的在于：方便安装，同时还能通过更换不同高度的支撑套4来调节夹片1的安装高度，也即调节夹片1的夹持高度，达到相邻两组夹片上下交错配合的目的。
每个夹片1包括夹片本体11，每个夹片本体11的前端为夹片头部111，一对夹片头部111的外端部之间形成供容器进入或脱离的豁口112，每个夹片头部111的内侧均设置有用于夹持容器口部的夹持部113，本实施例中所述的夹持部113呈向外凸出的圆弧状。圆弧状的夹持部113能更好地适应于不同口径容器口部的夹持，且尽可能的增加夹持容器时的接触点，提升夹持的稳定性。本实施例中所述的豁口112呈由外向里逐渐缩小的喇叭口状，豁口112 位置的每个夹片1的端面呈由外向里导向的引导曲面115。
一对夹片1下方的底座2上还设置有滑杆3，此时沿前后方向滑动设置在底座2上的滑杆3位于夹片1与底座2之间。滑杆3包括滑杆本体31，滑杆本体31的前端设置有挡块32，挡块32上设置有靠挡部3211，所述的挡块32位于一对夹片头部111之间，挡块32的靠挡部3211与一对夹片头部111上的夹持部113形成用于夹持容器口部的夹持口10。本实施例中，挡块32的顶部向上凸出于滑杆本体31，挡块32上设置有一对靠挡块321，靠挡块321上、下间隔设置，每块靠挡块321的位于夹持口一侧的外壁形成靠挡部3211，靠挡部3211呈向里凹陷的圆弧状，与同样为圆弧状的夹持部113配合更好的夹持容器。
滑杆本体31上设置有一根卡挡轴311，两个夹片1与底座2铰接位置的中心对称布置在卡挡轴311与夹持口中心101所在直线的两侧，为了便于描述将卡挡轴311与夹持口中心101所在直线称之为中轴线100，也即销轴7对称布置在中轴线100的两侧。每个夹片本体11上都开设有一个导向槽114，每个夹片1的导向槽114与夹片头部111分别位于该夹片1与底座2铰接位置的两侧，即位于对应销轴7的两侧。两个夹片本体11上的导向槽114上、下叠设且卡设在卡挡轴311上。卡挡轴311上的一对导向槽114对称位于中轴线100的两侧，本实施例中，每个导向槽114沿其延伸方向的宽度基本不变且略大于所述卡挡轴311的外径，两个夹片1的导向槽114的宽度方向两侧的槽壁均紧贴于卡挡轴311的外壁，使得卡挡轴311仅可以沿着所述导向槽114的延伸方向移动。如图1所示，本实施例中，当夹片1的前部远离中轴线100的一侧壁大致平行于中轴线100时，夹片1的后部远离中轴线100的一侧壁向内收缩使得整个夹持装置整体呈长方形，结构紧凑。
在一对导向槽114与卡挡轴311的相互作用下，一对夹持部113绕对应销轴7同步向外转动而相互张开、同时滑杆3上的靠挡部3211向远离夹持口中心101的方向平移，这使得夹持口10的口径逐渐变大且夹持口中心101的位置恒定；之后在一对导向槽114与卡挡轴311的相互作用下，一对夹持部113绕对应销轴7同步向里转动而靠拢、同时滑杆3上的靠挡部3211向靠近夹持口中心101的方向平移，这使得夹持口10的口径逐渐变小且夹持口中心101的位置恒定。底座2上还设置有引导滑杆3顺着卡挡轴311与夹持口中心101所在直线方向平移的导向机构，即确保滑杆3顺着中轴线100方向运动的导向机构。灌装机械领域中，夹持口中心101的位置恒定是指：夹持口中心相对于夹持装置所在的回转设备的回转中心，其径向和周向的位置不变。
本实施例中所述的导向机构的结构包括：设置在底座2上的滑槽21，所述的滑槽21沿着卡挡轴311与夹持口中心101所在直线方向开设，所述的滑杆本体31在滑槽21的导向下沿着卡挡轴311与夹持口中心101所在直线方向，也即中轴线100方向来回平移。
具体地，滑杆本体31可以直接卡挡在滑槽21中，也可以如图3所示在滑杆本体31的底部设置滑块301，滑块301卡设在滑槽21中。
导向槽114的设计时，先设定夹持口的最小口径和最大口径，在同圆心的前提下，根据由最小口径变化至最大口径过程中卡挡轴311平移的轨迹以及夹片相对于对应的销轴转动的轨迹，通过三维绘图软件模拟得到导向槽114的形状；也可通过数学计算求出相对运动轨迹。采用三维绘图软件，可大大方便导向槽114的设计。
上述夹片联动机构，实现了一对夹持部113与靠挡部3211形成的夹持口10的口径的无级变大和无级变小，并且在此过程中夹持口中心101的位置始终恒定。将上述结构的夹片联动机构应用于夹持装置中，即可实现夹持装置对不同口径容器的夹持，能有效提高夹持装置的兼容性。
实施例2
如图4所示，一种被动式夹持装置，被动式夹持装置包括实施例1中介绍的夹片联动机构，具体的夹片联动机构的结构在本实施例中不再重复赘述。液体包装机械行业中，通常将由容 器挤压后夹片张开的夹持装置称之为被动式夹持装置。为了实现对容器口部的夹持以及复位功能，被动式夹持装置中，一对夹片1之间设置有弹性部件，在弹性部件的作用下一对夹片1的夹持部113始终具有相互靠拢而能与挡块32的靠挡部3211共同夹持住容器的趋势。具体的，所述的弹性部件为压缩弹簧8，压缩弹簧8与夹片1的夹持部113分别位于铰接位置的两侧，也即位于销轴7的两侧。
被动式夹持装置工作时，当需要抓取容器时，容器口部从豁口112进入，容器口部挤压豁口112两侧的夹片头部111，从而使得夹持部113绕对应销轴7同步向外转动而张开，同时靠挡部3211向远离夹持口中心101的方向运动，夹持口10的口径逐渐变大，容器口部完全进入夹持口10并抵挡在靠挡部3211后，在压缩弹簧8的作用下，夹持部113绕对应销轴7同步向里转动而合拢，同时靠挡部3211向靠近夹持口中心101的方向运动，这样靠挡部3211与一对夹片头部111形成的夹持口10就会可靠地夹持住容器口部。
当容器需从夹持口中脱离时，容器口部向外挤压豁口112两侧的夹片头部111，从而使得夹持部113绕对应销轴7同步向外转动而张开，同时靠挡部3211向远离夹持口中心的方向运动，夹持口10的口径逐渐变大，容器口部完全脱离夹持口10后，在压缩弹簧8的作用下，夹持部113绕对应销轴7同步向里转动而合拢，同时靠挡部3211向靠近夹持口中心101的方向运动，这样直至夹持口10的口径回复至初始口径。
实施例3
如图5所示，一种主动式夹持装置，主动式夹持装置包括实施例1介绍的夹片联动机构，在本实施例中夹片联动机构的具体结构不再重复赘述。液体包装机械行业中将夹片1主动张开的夹持装置称之为主动式夹持装置。为了实现主动开合，该夹持装置还包括用于驱动滑杆移动的驱动装置，所述驱动装置包括：设置在滑杆的外端部的滚轮，以及安装在机架上的驱动导轨，当与驱动导轨配合的所述的滚轮在所述导轨中移动时带动所述滑杆前后移动。本实施例中，主动式夹持装置中的滑杆本体31的外端部设置有滚轮9，所述的滚轮9用于与驱动导轨91配合。滚轮9在驱动导轨91中运动，在驱动导轨91的导向下，滑杆3能沿着卡挡轴311与夹持口中心101所在的直线方向来回平移，即沿着中轴线100方向来回平移。
当需要抓取或释放容器时，滑杆3向远离夹持口中心101方向平移，同时一对夹持部113分别绕对应销轴7向外转动而相互远离，从而使得豁口112变大，这样容器口部就能无摩擦地进入夹持口10或从夹持口10中无摩擦的离开。抓取容器时，当容器口部完全进入夹持口10、并卡挡靠挡部3211后，在驱动导轨91的引导下，滑杆3沿着中轴线100方向向靠近夹持口中心101方向平移，使得夹持口10的口径逐渐变小直至一对夹持部113与靠挡部3211可靠地夹持住容器口部。释放容器时，当容器口部完全脱离夹持口10后，在驱动导轨91的引导下滑杆3沿着中轴线100方向向靠近夹持口中心101方向平移，从而使得夹持口10的口径逐渐变小直至回复至初始口径。
更优地，为了能够迅速而稳定地夹持、也为了减少驱动导轨91的长度，可以在一对夹片1之间设置有压缩弹簧8，压缩弹簧8与夹片1的夹持部113分别位于铰接位置的两侧。采用带压缩弹簧8的主动式夹持装置的回转设备，包括回转式灌装机、回转式输送装置等，其上的驱动导轨91的长度可以大大缩短，驱动导轨91只要在容器交接位置设置，容器交接后在压缩弹簧8的作用下，一对夹持部113与靠挡部3211可靠地夹持住容器口部或者保持在初始口径位置。
通过实施例2和实施例3可以看到：采用了夹片联动机构的被动式夹持装置和主动式夹持装置，由于夹持口的口径可以无极变化，因此可以抓取多种不同口径的容器，并且在夹持口10的口径变化的过程中夹持口中心101的位置始终保持不变，因此能确保不同口径的容器的交接位置始终保持不变，也即采用该被动式夹持装置或主动式夹持装置的回转式灌装机、回转式输送装置等的回转半径都无需改变，整个灌装生产设备的兼容性大大提高。
实施例4
如图6、图7所示，两个夹持装置分别为第一夹持装置20和第二夹持装置30，第一夹持装置20和第二夹持装置30可以是主动式的也可以是被动式的，图6、图7中只是以被动式为例。第一夹持装置20和第二夹持装置30分别安装在相邻的两个回转设备的回转座上。第一夹持装置20和第二夹持装置30的结构完全一样，所不同的是第二夹持装置30中的支撑套的高度不同，第二夹持装置30中的第二支撑套3004高于第一夹持装置20中的第一支撑套2004。第一夹持装置20中的第一滑杆2003和第二夹持装置30中的第二滑杆3003安装高度相同，即第一夹持装置20中的第一靠挡部2001与第二夹持装置30中的第二靠挡部3001的高度相同。容器传递时，两个夹持装置的靠挡部都分别靠挡在容器口部支撑环的上、下表面，这样以保证传递过程中容器保持直立，第一夹持装置20的第一夹片头部2002的夹持部则夹持在容器口部的支撑环的底部，而第二夹持装置30的第二夹片头部3002的夹持部则夹持在容器口部的支撑环的顶部，第一夹持装置20和第二夹持装置30中支撑套的高度也即相差了一个支撑环的厚度。
由此可见，整个夹持装置中的零部件的通用性非常高，相邻的回转设备的回转座的安装高度相同，只要改变其中一个回转座上的夹持装置中支撑套的高度即可实现相邻两个回转输送设备上夹持装置的配合，这有效节约了整个灌装生产线的设备成本。
实施例5
如图8、图9、图10、图13所示，其与实施例1类似，区别主要在于导向槽4的具体结构不同。
本实施例提供的一种夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置，包括：分别铰连接在底座1上的一对夹片2，本实施例中，每个夹片2与底座1之间的铰连接结构包括：底座1上设置有销轴7，销轴7上由下至上依次设置有支撑套701、轴承702、垫板703，夹片2上开设有安装孔，夹片2通过安装孔安装在轴承702的外圈上。所述的垫板703采用耐磨材质。所述的销轴7的结构包括：螺柱71，螺柱71卡挡在底座1的底部并向上穿设通过底座1，螺柱71上螺栓连接有柱状螺帽72，所述的支撑套701、轴承702、垫板703由下至上依次套装在柱状螺帽72的柱状本体721上。每个夹片2与底座1之间采用上述铰连接结构，其目的在于：方便安装，同时还能通过更换不同高度的支撑套701来调节夹片2的安装高度，也即调节夹片2的夹持高度，以实现相邻设置的两个回转运动装置中的两个容器夹持器在容器相互传递时夹片上下交错配合的目的。回转运动装置包括：回转式灌装机，回转式输送机构等等。
每个夹片2与底座1铰接位置的两侧分别为夹片头部21和夹片本体22，一对夹片头部21的外端部之间形成供容器进入或脱离的豁口20。每个夹片头部21的内侧均设置有用于夹持容器口部的夹持部211。一对夹片2下方的底座1上还设置有滑杆3，滑杆3的前端设置有挡块31，挡块31上设置有靠挡部311，所述的挡块31位于一对夹片头部21之间。本实施例中，挡块31的顶部向上凸出于滑杆3，挡块31端部设置有一对靠挡块301，靠挡块301上、下间隔设置，每块靠挡块301靠近夹持部211一侧的外壁形成靠挡部311，靠挡部311呈向里凹陷的圆弧状。
滑杆3上设置有一根卡挡轴32，每个夹片本体22上都开设有一个导向槽4，两个夹片2的导向槽4上、下叠设在卡挡轴32上。每个导向槽4的两端为限位端，两个导向槽的两个限位端分别为用于限制一对夹持部211最大打开位置的打开限位端41和用于限制一对夹持部211最小合拢位置的合拢限位端42。卡挡轴32能相对一对导向槽4在该对导向槽4的两个限位端之间运动。
每个导向槽4沿其延伸方向的宽度不同且都大于卡挡轴32的外径，使得所述夹持部211向外转动时，所述卡挡轴32在所述导向槽4内自由移动而不会在所述导向槽4的内壁驱动下相对于所述底座发生位移，即卡挡轴32不会与导向槽4发生干涉。
每个导向槽4的两个限位端之间的一侧槽壁均为夹持导向槽壁43，每个夹持导向槽壁43都位于两个限位端之间的远离靠挡部311的一侧。两个夹片2之间设置有使得一对夹片头部21始终具有绕对应销轴7向里转动而使得一对夹持部211始终具有相互合拢趋势的第一弹性部件，本实施例中，所述的第一弹性部件为压缩弹簧5，压缩弹簧5设置在一对夹片本体22之间。
当一对夹片头部21在压缩弹簧5的弹力作用下绕对应铰接位置中心转动，具体地绕对应销轴7向里转动而使得一对夹持部211相互合拢时，夹持导向槽壁43则能驱动卡挡轴32使得滑杆3向靠近夹持部211的方向运动。夹持导向槽壁43的形状确保当一对夹持导向槽壁43卡挡作用在卡挡轴32的外壁上运动时，一对夹持部211与靠挡部311则会形成以夹持中心为圆心的、能夹持住容器口部的夹持口10，夹持导向槽壁43的形状确保夹持导向槽壁43卡挡作用在卡挡轴32外壁上运动时，夹持口的口径变化而夹持中心101的位置恒定。当一对夹持导向槽壁43卡挡作用在卡挡轴32的外壁上运动使得一对夹持部211相互合拢至最小位置时，一对夹持部211与靠挡部311处于形成口径最小的夹持口10的初始位置状态。灌装行业中，夹持中心101的位置恒定是指：夹持中心101相对于容器夹持器所在的回转运动装置的回转中心，径向和周向的位置保持不变。
本实施例中，每个导向槽4的两个限位端之间的另一侧槽壁都为自由导向槽壁44，每个自由导向槽壁44都位于导向槽4两个限位端之间靠近靠挡部311的一侧。在初始位置状态下，当容器口部从豁口20挤压一对夹片头部21开始进入一对夹片2的夹持部211之间而未与卡挡部311相接触的过程中，一对夹片2的夹持部211绕对应销轴7向外转动张开，自由导向槽壁44的形状则能确保此过程中卡挡轴32与一对导向槽4之间无干涉。
为了减少夹片2与导向槽4之间的冲击，提高容器夹持器的稳定性，减少回转运动过程中的噪音，本实施例中滑杆3与底座1之间或与底座1上固定设置的零部件之间设置有第二弹性部件，第二弹性部件使得滑杆3上的卡挡轴32始终弹性挡靠在至少一个导向槽4的夹持导向槽壁43上。本实施例中所述的第二弹性部件为拉簧6。拉簧6的具体安装结构，如图8、图9所示，拉簧6的两端分别连接在滑杆3和拉簧座61上，所述的拉簧座61固定设置在垫板703的顶部。
底座1上还设置有引导滑杆3沿着卡挡轴32与夹持中心101所在直线100方向平移的导向机构。具体地，导向机构的结构包括：设置在底座1上的滑槽11，所述的滑槽11沿着卡挡轴32与夹持中心101所在直线100方向开设，所述的滑杆3的底部设置有滑块33，所述的滑块33卡挡在滑槽11中。
工作原理如下：回转运动装置包括：回转式灌装机，回转式输送机构等等。
高速回转式灌装生产过程中，容器从一个回转运动装置被输送至另一个回转运动装置中，如：从相邻设置的一个回转输送装置被输送至另一个回转输送装置中，或一个回转输送装置输送至回转式灌装机中等等。容器是在旋转运动过程中进行传递，因此无法确保容器始终正对着一对夹持部211被送入至容器夹持器的夹持口10中，通常情况下，容器会挤压顺着回转运行方向一侧的夹片头部21，这就会出现两个夹片头部21向外张开转动不同步的情况，从而导致容器交接时阻力增大，交接不顺畅的状况发生。而本实施例所述的一种夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置，不仅能够进行多口径容器的夹持，确保夹持中心101始终保持位置恒定，并能够很好的克服交接时出现的交接阻力大、交接不顺畅的缺陷。
具体工作过程如下：传递前，容器夹持器的一对夹持部211与靠挡部311处于口径最小的夹持口10的初始位置状态。容器进行传递时，容器口部从豁口20挤压一对夹片头部21， 尤其会挤压顺着容器回转运行方向一侧的夹片头部21，一对夹片头部21则会绕对应的销轴7向外张开，使得一对夹持部211逐渐远离，由于两个导向槽4都设置了自由导向槽壁44，因此开始进入一对夹持部211之间的过程中，卡挡轴32与一对导向槽4之间无干涉，这样两个夹片头部21则可以绕对应的销轴7不同步的转动，这大大提高了容器口部进入一对夹持部21之间的顺畅度。当容器口部通过豁口20完全进入一对夹持部211之间并接触抵靠至靠挡部311时，在压缩弹簧5的作用下，一对夹片头部21绕对应销轴7向里转动而使得一对夹持部211相互合拢，一对夹持导向槽壁43卡挡作用在卡挡轴32的外壁上从而使得滑杆3向靠近夹持部211的方向运动，此过程中一对夹持部211与靠挡部311则会形成以夹持中心101为圆心的夹持口10而夹持住容器口部，夹持导向槽壁43的形状确保夹持导向槽壁43卡挡作用在卡挡轴32的外壁上，夹持口10的口径变化而夹持中心101位置始终恒定。
上述结构的一种夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置，能够对不同口径容器进行夹持，并能确保不同口径的夹持中心101的位置恒定，因此上述结构的容器夹持器的通用性好，适用多种不同口径的容器，解决了灌装生产线为适用容器口径而频繁更换不同对应容器夹持器的麻烦。此外，导向槽的自由导向槽壁44的设置，使得在容器口部通过豁口20进入一对夹持部之间时，卡挡轴32与导向槽之间不干涉，这样一对夹片头部21则能根据容器口部作用而不同步的张开，这大大减小了容器进入夹持口10的阻力，使得容器进入一对夹持部之间的顺畅度大大提高，容器的传递稳定性和可靠性大大提高。
实施例6
如图11、图12所示，一种夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置，本实施例与实施例5不同的部分在于：两个夹片，其中一个夹片的导向槽的两个限位端之间的两侧槽壁分别为夹持导向槽壁和自由导向槽壁，另一个夹片的导向槽的两个限位端之间的两侧槽壁分别为夹持导向槽壁和张开限位槽壁，即一个夹片的导向槽与实施例5中的夹片上的导向槽相同，另一个夹片上的导向槽的结构做了一定的改变，其与实施例1中的导向槽相同。滑杆3与底座1之间或底座1上固定设置的零部件之间不设第二弹性部件。
下面的描述中与实施例5中的结构相同部分的部件编号同实施例5，工作原理也同实施例5。为了语言的简洁，与实施例5相同结构的部分，本实施例将简述或不做描述，相同结构部分可直接参照实施例5中的描述。
为了对区别部分进行更好地阐述，本实施例中将两个夹片区分为第一夹片82和第二夹片92。第一夹片82上的导向槽分别为第一导向槽84，第二夹片92上的导向槽为第二导向槽94，第一导向槽84的两个限位端之间的两侧槽壁分别为第一夹持导向槽壁843和自由导向槽壁844；第二导向槽94的两侧槽壁分别为第二夹持导向槽壁943和张开限位槽壁944。第一夹持导向槽壁843和第二夹持导向槽壁943位于每个导向槽的两个限位端之间远离靠挡部311的一侧，自由导向槽壁844和张开限位槽壁944位于每个导向槽的两个限位端之间靠近靠挡部311的一侧。第一夹持导向槽壁843和第二夹持导向槽壁943的形状、作用、功能都与实施例5中的夹持导向槽壁相同，本实施例只是重新编号。
一对夹持部211与靠挡部311处于初始位置状态时，当容器口部挤压一对夹片的豁口20进入一对夹片的夹持部之间而未与靠挡部311接触时，第一夹片82的夹持部211绕对应铰接位置中心向外转动张开，自由导向槽壁844的形状则确保此过程中卡挡轴32与第一导向槽84之间无干涉，而卡挡轴32则被卡挡在第二夹片92的第二导向槽94中，第二夹片92的夹持部211绕对应铰接位置向外张开时，张开限位槽壁944则会驱动卡挡轴32使得滑杆3向远离夹持部211的方向运动。
工作时，本实施例中所述的容器夹持器的安装需要确保：在容器交接位置处，用于接收容器的容器夹持器的第二夹片92的夹片头部、第一夹片82的夹片头部顺着容器回转运行方向 依次设置，这样的设置目的在于使得容器口部在回转传递的过程中能够先挤压到第一夹片82的夹片头部。由于第一夹片82的第一导向槽84的自由导向槽壁844的设置，使得容器口部通过豁口20挤压夹片头部进入一对夹持部之间时，第一夹片82的夹片头部相对于第二夹片92的夹片头部来说，更容易向外转动张开。因此在容器传递过程中，顺着容器的回转方向，容器口部先挤压到第一夹片82的夹片头部，第一夹片82的夹片头部则会向外转动张开，从而使得容器口部能顺畅地进入一对夹持部211之间。第二夹片92的第二导向槽94的张开限位槽壁944的设置，对卡挡轴32起到了限位作用，这使得容器口部在进入一对夹持部211之间时，卡挡轴32与滑杆3之间的撞击相对减少，这不仅能有效延长容器夹持器的使用寿命，还能大大减少回转运动过程中的噪声，并能有效提高容器传递与夹持过程中的稳定性。当容器口部通过豁口20进入一对夹持部211、并接触靠挡在靠挡部311上后，在压缩弹簧5的作用下，一对夹片头部21绕对应销轴7向里转动而使得一对夹持部211相互合拢，第一夹持导向槽壁843和第二夹持导向槽壁943则会卡挡作用在卡挡轴32的外壁上驱动滑杆3向靠近夹持部211的方向运动，此过程中一对夹持部211与靠挡部311则会形成以位置恒定的夹持中心101为圆心的夹持口10而夹持住容器口部。
本实施例提供了一种单夹片更容易张开而使得容器能顺畅进入一对夹持部之间的方式。实际生产过程中，可以根据实际需要选择采用不同实施例所描述的结构的容器夹持器。
由上述实施例可以得到本公开所述的一种夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置具有以下优点：一、一对夹片上夹持导向槽壁的设置，实现了在一对夹持部合拢过程中在保持夹持中心位置恒定的前提下实现对不同口径的容器的夹持，避免了频繁更换容器夹持器，有效节约了生产成本。二、结构简单，安装方便，通过更换不同高度的支撑套就能实现夹片的安装高度的调节，也即调节夹片的夹持高度，以实现相邻设置的两个回转运动装置中的两个容器夹持器在容器相互传递时夹片上下交错配合的目的，因此通用性好，从而有效节约整个灌装生产线的设备成本。
三、通过将一个夹片的导向槽的一侧槽壁设置自由导向槽壁或将两个夹片的导向槽的同一侧槽壁设置成自由导向槽壁，使得容器在即将进入一对夹持部之间时，两个夹片能根据容器口部作用而不同步的张开，这大大减小了容器进入至夹持口中的阻力，提高了容器进入一对夹持部之间的顺畅度，从而大大提高了容器的传递稳定性和可靠性。四、本公开所述的夹持中心恒定的多口径夹持装置可用作主动型容器夹持器，也可用作被动型容器夹持器。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种夹片联动机构，用于夹持容器，其特征在于，所述夹片联动机构包括：
    底座，
    夹片，两个夹片中的每个夹片的中部铰连接在底座上，每个夹片的前端的内侧均设置有用于夹持容器的夹持部，夹持部的弧线向外突出；
    滑杆，滑杆沿前后方向滑动设置在底座上并位于夹片与底座之间，滑杆前端的挡块位于一对夹片头部之间，挡块的靠挡部与一对夹片头部的夹持部形成用于夹持容器口部的夹持口；
    滑杆后部设置有一根卡挡轴，两个夹片与底座铰接位置的中心对称布置在卡挡轴与夹持口中心所在直线的两侧，
    每个夹片的后部都开设有一个导向槽，两个夹片本体的导向槽上、下叠设且卡设在卡挡轴上，此时所述卡挡轴同时穿过两个导向槽；
    在一对导向槽与卡挡轴的相互作用下，一对夹持部分别绕对应的铰接位置中心同步向里转动而相互合拢、同时靠挡部向靠近夹持口中心的方向平移，且夹持口的口径逐渐变小同时夹持口中心的位置恒定；和/或，
    在一对导向槽与卡挡轴的相互作用下，一对夹持部分别绕对应的铰接位置中心同步向外转动而相互张开、同时靠挡部向远离夹持口中心的方向平移，且夹持口的口径逐渐变大同时夹持口中心的位置恒定。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的夹片联动机构，其特征在于：在一对导向槽与卡挡轴的相互作用下，一对夹持部分别绕对应的铰接位置中心同步向里转动而相互合拢、同时靠挡部向靠近夹持口中心的方向平移，且夹持口的口径逐渐变小同时夹持口中心的位置恒定；
    一对夹持部分别绕对应的铰接位置中心同步向外转动而相互张开、同时靠挡部位置保持不动，直至容器将靠档部推动向远离夹持口中心的方向平移至夹持位置。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的夹片联动机构，其特征在于：底座上还设置有引导滑杆沿着卡挡轴与夹持口中心所在直线方向平移的导向机构。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的夹片联动机构，其特征在于：每个导向槽沿其延伸方向的宽度基本不变且略大于所述卡挡轴的外径，使得所述卡挡轴仅可以沿着所述导向槽的延伸方向移动；在一对导向槽与卡挡轴的相互作用下，一对夹持部分别绕对应的铰接位置中心同步向里转动而相互合拢、同时靠挡部向靠近夹持口中心的方向平移，且夹持口的口径逐渐变小同时夹持口中心的位置恒定；
    在一对导向槽与卡挡轴的相互作用下，一对夹持部分别绕对应的铰接位置中心同步向外转动而相互张开、同时靠挡部向远离夹持口中心的方向平移，且夹持口的口径逐渐变大同时夹持口中心的位置恒定。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的夹片联动机构，其特征在于：每个导向槽沿其延伸方向的宽度不同且都大于所述卡挡轴的外径，使得所述夹持部向外转动时，所述卡挡轴在所述导向槽内自由移动而不会在所述导向槽的内壁驱动下相对于所述底座发生位移。
  6. 一种夹持装置，用于夹持不同口径的容器，其特征在于，其具有如权利要求1-5任一权利要求所述的夹片联动机构。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的夹持装置，其特征在于，两个夹片之间设置有弹性部件，在弹性部件的作用下一对夹片的夹持部始终具有相互靠拢而能与挡块的靠挡部共同夹持住容器的趋势。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种夹持装置，其特征在于：所述的弹性部件为压缩弹簧，压缩弹簧与夹片的夹持部分别位于铰接位置的两侧。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的夹持装置，其特征在于，其还包括用于驱动滑杆移动的驱动装置，所述驱动装置包括：
    滚轮，其设置在滑杆的外端部，
    驱动导轨，所述的驱动导轨安装在机架上，
    当与驱动导轨配合的所述的滚轮在所述导轨中移动时带动所述滑杆前后移动。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的夹持装置，其特征在于：
    一对夹片之间设置有压缩弹簧，压缩弹簧与夹片夹持部分别位于铰接位置的两侧。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的夹片联动机构，包括：
    分别铰连接在底座上一对夹片，每个夹片包括夹片本体，每个夹片本体的前端为夹片头部，一对夹片头部的外端部之间形成供容器进入或脱离的豁口，每个夹片头部的内侧均设置有用于夹持容器口部的夹持部，其特征在于：
    一对夹片下方的底座上还设置有滑杆，滑杆包括滑杆本体，滑杆本体的前端设置有挡块，挡块上设置有靠挡部，所述的挡块位于一对夹片头部之间，挡块的靠挡部与一对夹片头部的夹持部形成用于夹持容器口部的夹持口；滑杆本体上设置有一根卡挡轴，两个夹片与底座铰接位置的中心对称布置在卡挡轴与夹持口中心所在直线的两侧，每个夹片本体上都开设有一个导向槽，每个夹片的导向槽与夹片头部分别位于该夹片与底座铰接位置的两侧，两个夹片本体的导向槽上、下叠设且卡设在卡挡轴上，卡挡轴上的一对导向槽对称位于卡挡轴与夹持口中心所在直线的两侧，两个夹片的导向槽的宽度方向两侧的槽壁均紧贴于卡挡轴外壁，在一对导向槽与卡挡轴的相互作用下，一对夹持部分别绕对应铰接位置中心同步向外转动而张开、同时靠挡部能向远离夹持口中心的方向平移，从而使得夹持口的口径逐渐变大且夹持口中心的位置恒定，或者一对夹持部分别绕对应的铰接位置中心同步向里转动而相互合拢、同时靠挡部向靠近夹持口中心的方向平移，从而使得夹持口的口径逐渐变小且夹持口中心的位置恒定；底座上还设置有引导滑杆沿着卡挡轴与夹持口中心所在直线方向平移的导向机构。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的夹片联动机构，其特征在于：
    每个夹片与底座之间的铰连接结构包括：底座上设置有销轴，销轴由下至上依次设置有支撑套、轴承、垫圈，夹片上开设有安装孔，夹片通过安装孔安装在轴承外圈上。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的夹片联动机构，其特征在于：
    所述的销轴的结构包括：螺柱，螺柱卡挡在底座的底部并向上穿设通过底座，螺柱上螺栓连接有柱状螺帽，所述的支撑套、轴承、垫圈由下至上依次套装在柱状螺帽的柱状本体上。
  14. 根据权利要求11或12或13所述的夹片联动机构，其特征在于：
    所述的挡块顶部向上凸出于滑杆本体，挡块上设置有一对靠挡块，靠挡块上、下间隔设置，上下间隔设置的靠挡块之间的距离与容器口部支撑环的厚度一致，每块靠挡块的位于夹持口一侧的外壁为靠挡部，靠挡部呈向里凹陷的圆弧状。
  15. 根据权利要求11或12或13所述的夹片联动机构，其特征在于：
    所述的导向机构的结构包括：设置在底座上的滑槽，所述的滑槽沿着卡挡轴与夹持口中心所在直线方向开设，所述的滑杆本体在滑槽的导向下沿着卡挡轴与夹持口中心所在直线方向来回平移。
  16. 根据权利要求11或12或13所述的夹片联动机构，其特征在于：
    所述的豁口呈由外向里逐渐缩小的喇叭口状，豁口位置的每个夹片的端部设置由外向里导向的引导曲面。
  17. 一种被动式夹持装置，包括权利要求11～16任意一项所述的夹片联动机构，一对夹片之间设置有弹性部件，在弹性部件的作用下一对夹片的夹持部始终具有相互靠拢而能与挡块的靠挡部共同夹持住容器的趋势。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的一种被动式夹持装置，其特征在于：
    所述的弹性部件为压缩弹簧，压缩弹簧与夹片的夹持部分别位于铰接位置的两侧。
  19. 一种主动式夹持装置，包括权利要求11～16任意一项所述的夹片联动机构，滑杆本体的外端部设置有滚轮，所述的滚轮用于与驱动导轨配合，所述的驱动导轨安装在机架上。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的一种主动式夹持装置，其特征在于：
    一对夹片之间设置有压缩弹簧，压缩弹簧与夹片夹持部分别位于铰接位置的两侧。
  21. 根据权利要求6所述的夹持装置，用于夹持不同口径的容器，包括：
    分别铰连接在底座上的一对夹片，每个夹片与底座铰接位置的两侧分别为夹片头部和夹片本体，一对夹片头部的外端部之间形成供容器进入或脱离的豁口，每个夹片头部的内侧均设置有用于夹持容器口部的夹持部，其特征在于：
    一对夹片下方的底座上还设置有滑杆，滑杆的前端设置有挡块，挡块上设置有靠挡部，所述的挡块位于一对夹片头部之间；
    滑杆上设置有一根卡挡轴，每个夹片本体上都开设有一个导向槽，两个夹片的导向槽上、下叠设在卡挡轴上，每个导向槽的两端为限位端，卡挡轴能相对一对导向槽在导向槽的两个限位端之间运动，
    每个导向槽的两个限位端之间的一侧槽壁均为夹持导向槽壁，每个夹持导向槽壁都位于一对限位端之间远离靠挡部的一侧，两个夹片之间设置有使得一对夹片头部始终具有绕对应铰接位置中心向里转动而使得一对夹持部始终具有相互合拢趋势的第一弹性部件，
    当一对夹片头部在第一弹性部件的弹力作用下绕对应铰接位置中心向里转动而使得一对夹持部相互合拢时，夹持导向槽壁则能驱动卡挡轴使得滑杆向靠近夹持部的方向运动，夹持导向槽壁的形状确保当一对夹持导向槽壁卡挡在卡挡轴的外壁上运动时，一对夹持部与靠挡部则会形成以夹持中心为圆心的、能夹持住容器口部的夹持口，且夹持导向槽壁的形状确保夹持导向槽壁卡挡作用在卡挡轴外壁上运动时，夹持口的口径变化而夹持中心的位置保持恒定；当夹持导向槽壁卡挡作用在卡挡轴外壁上运动使得一对夹持部相互合拢至最小位置时，一对夹持部与靠挡部处于口径最小的夹持口的初始位置状态；底座上还设置有引导滑杆沿着卡挡轴与夹持中心所在直线方向平移的导向机构；
    每个导向槽的两个限位端之间的另一侧槽壁都为自由导向槽壁，每个自由导向槽壁都位于一对限位端之间靠近靠挡部的一侧，在初始位置状态下，当容器口部从豁口挤压一对夹片头部开始进入一对夹片的夹持部之间而未与靠挡部相接触的过程中，一对夹片的夹持部绕对应铰接位置中心向外转动张开，自由导向槽壁的形状则能确保此过程中卡挡轴与一对导向槽之间无干涉；
  22. 一种夹持装置，用于夹持不同口径的容器，包括：
    分别铰连接在底座上的一对夹片，每个夹片与底座铰接位置的两侧分别为夹片头部和夹片本体，一对夹片头部的外端部之间形成供容器进入或脱离的豁口，每个夹片头部的内侧均设置有用于夹持容器口部的夹持部，其特征在于：
    一对夹片下方的底座上还设置有滑杆，滑杆的前端设置有挡块，挡块上设置有靠挡部，所述的挡块位于一对夹片头部之间；
    滑杆上设置有一根卡挡轴，每个夹片本体上都开设有一个导向槽，两个夹片的导向槽上、下叠设在卡挡轴上，每个导向槽的两端为限位端，卡挡轴能相对一对导向槽在导向槽的两个限位端之间运动，
    每个导向槽的两个限位端之间的一侧槽壁均为夹持导向槽壁，每个夹持导向槽壁都位于一对限位端之间远离靠挡部的一侧，两个夹片之间设置有使得一对夹片头部始终具有绕对应铰接位置中心向里转动而使得一对夹持部始终具有相互合拢趋势的第一弹性部件，
    当一对夹片头部在第一弹性部件的弹力作用下绕对应铰接位置中心向里转动而使得一对夹持部相互合拢时，夹持导向槽壁则能驱动卡挡轴使得滑杆向靠近夹持部的方向运动，夹持导向槽壁的形状确保当一对夹持导向槽壁卡挡在卡挡轴的外壁上运动时，一对夹持部与靠挡部则会形成以夹持中心为圆心的、能夹持住容器口部的夹持口，且夹持导向槽壁的形状确保夹持导向槽壁卡挡作用在卡挡轴外壁上运动时，夹持口的口径变化而夹持中心的位置保持恒定；
    当夹持导向槽壁卡挡作用在卡挡轴外壁上运动使得一对夹持部相互合拢至最小位置时，一对夹持部与靠挡部处于口径最小的夹持口的初始位置状态；底座上还设置有引导滑杆沿着卡挡轴与夹持中心所在直线方向平移的导向机构；
    两个夹片分别为第一夹片和第二夹片，两个夹片上的导向槽分别为第一导向槽和第二导向槽，第一导向槽的两个限位端之间的另一侧槽壁为自由导向槽壁，第二导向槽的另一侧槽壁为张开限位槽壁；自由导向槽壁与张开限位槽壁都位于卡挡轴靠近靠挡部的一侧；一对夹持部与靠挡部处于初始位置状态时，当容器口部挤压一对夹片的豁口进入一对夹片的夹持部之间而未与靠挡部接触时，第一夹片的夹持部绕对应铰接位置中心向外转动张开，自由导向槽壁的形状则确保此过程中卡挡轴与第一导向槽之间无干涉，而卡挡轴卡挡在第二夹片的第二导向槽中，第二夹片夹持部绕对应铰接位置向外张开时，张开限位槽壁则会驱动卡挡轴驱动滑杆向远离夹持部方向运动。
  23. 根据权利要求21或22所述的夹持装置，其特征在于：
    一对夹片上的导向槽的另一侧槽壁为第一种情况下，滑杆与底座之间或与底座上固定设置的零部件之间设置有第二弹性部件，第二弹性部件能使得滑杆上的卡挡轴始终挡靠在至少一个导向槽的夹持导向槽壁上。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的夹持装置，其特征在于：
    一对夹片上的导向槽的另一侧槽壁为第一种情况下，第二弹性部件为拉簧。
  25. 根据权利要求21～24任意一项所述的夹持装置，其特征在于：
    第一弹性部件为压缩弹簧，压缩弹簧设置在一对夹片本体之间。
  26. 根据权利要求21～24任意一项所述的夹持装置，其特征在于：
    所述的导向机构的结构包括：设置在底座上的滑槽，所述的滑槽沿着卡挡轴与夹持中心所在直线方向开设，所述的滑杆的底部设置有滑块，所述的滑块卡设在滑槽中。
  27. 根据权利要求21～24任意一项所述的夹持装置，其特征在于：
    每个夹片与底座之间的铰连接结构包括：底座上设置有销轴，销轴由下至上依次设置有支撑套、轴承、垫板，夹片上开设有安装孔，夹片通过安装孔安装在轴承外圈上。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的夹持装置，其特征在于：
    所述的销轴的结构包括：螺柱，螺柱卡挡在底座的底部并向上穿设通过底座，螺柱上螺栓连接有柱状螺帽，所述的支撑套、轴承、垫板由下至上依次套装在柱状螺帽的柱状本体上。
  29. 根据权利要求21～24任意一项所述的夹持装置，其特征在于：
    所述的挡块顶部向上凸出于滑杆，挡块上设置有一对靠挡块，靠挡块上、下间隔设置，上下间隔设置的靠挡块之间的距离与容器口部支撑环的厚度一致，每块靠挡块的位于夹持口一侧的外壁为靠挡部，靠挡部呈向里凹陷的圆弧状。
  30. 根据权利要求1所述的夹片联动机构，其特征在于：两个夹片分别为第一夹片和第二夹片，第一夹片上的导向槽为第一导向槽，第二夹片上的导向槽为第二导向槽，
    第一导向槽沿其延伸方向的宽度基本不变且略大于所述卡挡轴的外径，使得所述卡挡轴仅可以沿着所述导向槽的延伸方向移动；
    第二导向槽沿其延伸方向的宽度不同且都大于所述卡挡轴的外径，使得所述夹持部向外转动时，所述卡挡轴在所述导向槽内自由移动而不会在所述导向槽的内壁驱动下相对于所述底座发生位移。
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