WO2024040718A1 - 带后挡组成式双列圆锥滚子轴承 - Google Patents

带后挡组成式双列圆锥滚子轴承 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024040718A1
WO2024040718A1 PCT/CN2022/125068 CN2022125068W WO2024040718A1 WO 2024040718 A1 WO2024040718 A1 WO 2024040718A1 CN 2022125068 W CN2022125068 W CN 2022125068W WO 2024040718 A1 WO2024040718 A1 WO 2024040718A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ring
bearing
inner ring
tapered roller
double
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/125068
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
顿丽华
于长鑫
谭剑光
宋世勇
刘学
田佩来
夏克博
宫赫成
石佳艺
宋涛
张策
张�杰
Original Assignee
瓦房店轴承集团有限责任公司
瓦房店轴承集团国家轴承工程技术研究中心有限公司
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Publication of WO2024040718A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024040718A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/38—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
    • F16C19/383—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
    • F16C19/385—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/581—Raceways; Race rings integral with other parts, e.g. with housings or machine elements such as shafts or gear wheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/063—Fixing them on the shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of bearings, and in particular to a double-row tapered roller bearing with a back gear.
  • railway wagon bearings are important components of railway wagons. They are responsible for the load-bearing and traveling functions of railway wagons. They are the most critical components directly related to the safety of railway wagons.
  • the bearing structure of railway freight cars has developed from traditional to compact; the cage has developed from steel cage to engineering plastic (plastic steel) cage; the sealing composition has developed from contact seal to labyrinth light contact seal; the roller bus adopts logarithmic Curved design, but the bearing back ring 5 has always adopted a traditional one-piece design structure.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a double-row tapered roller bearing with a back block to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
  • a double-row tapered roller bearing with a backstop including a bearing outer ring, a bearing inner ring, and two rows of tapered rollers that are rollably installed between the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring through a cage.
  • a bearing outer ring installed at the shoulder of the axle and abutting the positioning end surface of the bearing inner ring, and the bearing inner ring and the rear retaining ring are fixedly connected through a clamping ring.
  • first annular groove is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the back ring near one end of the bearing inner ring
  • a second annular groove is provided on the inner circumferential surface of one end of the bearing inner ring near the back ring. Groove, the clamp ring is engaged with the first annular groove and the second annular groove.
  • first annular groove includes a stop surface that abuts the end surface of one end of the collar and a first slope surface that abuts the outer peripheral surface of the collar portion, and the second annular groove is configured There is a second slope surface in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the clamp ring portion.
  • first slope surface and the second slope surface are arranged symmetrically with respect to the butt surface of the bearing inner ring and the back retaining ring.
  • the first slope surface and the second slope surface have the same slope, which is 10 degrees, and both have a depth of 6.2 mm.
  • the outer circumferential surface of the collar includes two inclined surfaces matching the first ramp surface and the second ramp surface and a cylindrical surface connecting the two inclined surfaces, and the inner circumference of the collar The cross section of the surface is parallel to the cross section of the outer peripheral surface of the collar.
  • one end of the axle is provided with a journal
  • the inner ring of the bearing is installed on the journal
  • the inner hole of the inner ring of the bearing is an interference fit with the journal
  • the axle and the axle are
  • the neck connection forms the shoulder
  • the rear retaining ring includes a first step hole and a second step hole with successively larger diameters, and the second step hole is fixedly sleeved on the axle, and the The step surface at the connection point between the first step hole and the second step hole abuts the shoulder, and the first annular groove is opened on the inner circumferential surface of the first step hole.
  • the clamping ring is made of plastic steel.
  • the inner circumferential surface of the bearing outer ring is provided with two rows of tapered raceways that match the tapered rollers
  • the bearing inner ring includes a first inner ring and a second inner ring arranged side by side.
  • the outer circumferential surfaces of the first inner ring and the second inner ring are both provided with tapered raceways that match the tapered rollers.
  • the first inner ring is close to the rear retaining ring
  • the positioning end surface is an end surface of the first inner ring away from the second inner ring
  • the second annular groove is opened in the third inner ring.
  • the clamping ring fixedly connects the rear retaining ring and the first inner ring.
  • the double-row tapered roller bearing with a backstop provided by the present invention includes a bearing outer ring, a bearing inner ring, and a bearing that is rollably installed in the cage through a cage.
  • the two rows of tapered rollers between the bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring also include a rear retaining ring installed at the shoulder of the axle and in contact with the positioning end surface of the bearing inner ring.
  • the bearing inner ring and The back retaining ring is fixedly connected through a clamp ring.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of position A in Figure 1
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rear retaining ring of an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of position C in Figure 3
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the prior art
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the cage and the tapered roller in the embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the cage and the tapered roller assembly in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • a double-row tapered roller bearing with a backstop includes a bearing outer ring 1, a bearing inner ring 2, and a cage 9 that is rollably installed on the bearing outer ring 1 and the bearing inner ring respectively.
  • the two rows of tapered rollers 3 between 2 also include a rear retaining ring 5 installed at the shoulder 4.2 of the axle 4 and in contact with the positioning end surface 2.1 of the bearing inner ring 2.
  • the bearing inner ring 2 and the rear retaining ring 5 pass through The clamp ring 6 is fixedly connected.
  • a first annular groove 7 is provided on the inner circumferential surface of one end of the back retaining ring 5 close to the positioning end surface 2.1 of the bearing inner ring 2
  • a second annular groove 7 is provided on the inner circumferential surface of one end of the bearing inner ring 2 close to the rear retaining ring 5.
  • the annular groove 8 and the clamping ring 6 are engaged with the first annular groove 7 and the second annular groove 8 .
  • the opening of the first annular groove 7 extends to the end surface of the rear retaining ring
  • the opening of the second annular groove 8 extends to the positioning end surface 2.1 of the bearing inner ring 2.
  • the first annular groove 7 in this embodiment includes a stop surface 7.1 that abuts the end surface of one end of the clamp ring 6 and a part of the outer peripheral surface of the clamp ring 6 that abuts.
  • the second annular groove 8 is provided with a second slope surface 8.1 that is in contact with another part of the outer peripheral surface of the collar 6.
  • the first slope surface 7.2 and the second slope surface 8.1 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the butt joint surface of the bearing inner ring 2 and the back retaining ring 5.
  • the clamp ring 6 in this embodiment is annular, and the inner diameter of the clamp ring 6 is larger than the diameter of the journal 4.1.
  • the outer circumferential surface of the collar 6 includes two inclined surfaces matching the first inclined surface 7.2 and the second inclined surface 8.1 and a cylindrical surface connecting the two inclined surfaces.
  • the cross section of the inner circumferential surface of the collar 6 is consistent with the cross section of the collar 6
  • the cross-sections of the outer peripheral surfaces are parallel to ensure that the thickness of the collar 6 is consistent. This ensures stable elasticity of the clamp ring 6 and good tightening effect.
  • the slope a of the first slope surface 7.2 and the second slope surface 8.1 of this embodiment are the same, the slope a of the two slope surfaces is 10 degrees, and the depth b is 6.2 mm. It should be noted that the arrangement of the above structure can ensure that the clamp ring 6 closely matches the first annular groove 7 and the second annular groove 8 to form a backstop sealing composition.
  • One end of the axle 4 in this embodiment is provided with a journal 4.1, and the bearing inner ring 2 is installed on the journal 4.1.
  • the inner hole of the bearing inner ring 2 is an interference fit with the journal 4.1, and the axle 4 is connected to the journal 4.1.
  • the shoulder 4.2 is formed at (that is, the diameter of the journal 4.1 is smaller than the diameter of the axle 4).
  • the rear retaining ring 5 is sleeve-shaped.
  • the rear retaining ring 5 includes a first step hole 5.1 and a second step hole 5.2 whose diameters gradually become larger.
  • the diameter of the first step hole 5.1 is larger than the diameter of the journal 4.1.
  • the step hole 5.2 is fixedly connected to the axle 4.
  • the step surface 5.3 at the connection between the step hole 5.1 and the step hole 5.2 is positioned at the shoulder 4.2.
  • the first annular groove 7 is opened in the axle.
  • the second step hole 5.2 is transitionally matched with the axle 4.
  • the clamp ring 6 in this embodiment is made of plastic steel, preferably glass fiber reinforced polyamide 66.
  • the material of the rear retaining ring 5 in this embodiment is No. 35 steel, and the surface is phosphated.
  • the inner circumferential surface of the bearing outer ring 1 of this embodiment is provided with two rows of tapered raceways that match the tapered rollers 3.
  • the bearing inner ring 2 includes a first inner ring 2.2 and a second inner ring 2.3 arranged side by side. , the outer circumferential surfaces of the first inner ring 2.2 and the second inner ring 2.3 are both provided with tapered raceways that match the tapered roller 3.
  • the first inner ring 2.2 is close to the rear retaining ring 5.
  • the positioning end face 2.1 is the end face of the first inner ring 2.2 away from the second inner ring 2.3.
  • the second annular groove 8 is opened on the inner circumferential surface of the first inner ring 2.2. Ring 6 fixedly connects the rear retaining ring 5 and the first inner ring 2.2.
  • the double-row tapered roller bearing with back block in this embodiment fixes the bearing inner ring 2 and the back block 5 together through the clamp ring 6 to prevent
  • the positioning end face 2.1 at the end face of the inner ring 2 of the bearing produces creep wear relative to the end face of the rear retaining ring 5. It also has a sealing function, which can increase the service life of the double row tapered roller bearing.
  • This embodiment includes all the technical solutions in the above-mentioned Embodiment 1, and this embodiment is an improvement based on the above-mentioned Embodiment 1.
  • pocket window beams 9.1 often appear in the cage 9.
  • varying degrees of annular stripes appear on the outer circumferential surface of the rollers, which affects the operating stability of the bearing rolling elements and is not conducive to the bearing.
  • the lubrication ultimately affects the use of the bearing.
  • a double-row tapered roller bearing includes a bearing outer ring 1, a bearing inner ring 2, a cage 9 and double-row tapered rollers 3. Each row of tapered rollers 3 passes through the cage 9 respectively. The rolling motion is maintained between the inner ring 2 of the bearing and the outer ring 1 of the bearing.
  • the inner circumferential surface of the bearing outer ring 1 is provided with two rows of tapered raceways that match the tapered rollers 3.
  • the bearing inner ring 2 includes a first inner ring 2.2 and a second inner ring 2.3 arranged side by side. The outer circumferential surfaces of the ring 2.2 and the second inner ring 2.3 are both provided with tapered raceways that match the tapered roller 3.
  • the small diameter ends of the first inner ring 2.2 and the second inner ring 2.3 are arranged oppositely.
  • An inner spacer ring 10 is arranged between the first inner ring 2.2 and the second inner ring 2.3.
  • the small diameter ends of the two rows of tapered rollers 3 are arranged oppositely.
  • the cage 9 includes a number of pockets for accommodating the conical rollers 3 and a window beam 9.1 connecting two adjacent pockets.
  • the two side walls of the window beam 9.1 used to form the pockets are provided with the outer circumferential surface of the conical roller 3 to match.
  • Guide surfaces, two guide surfaces matching the outer circumferential surface of the tapered roller 3 in each pocket are arranged symmetrically; the guide surface includes a slope surface 9.2 that is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the tapered roller 3 and a lubricating surface inclined with the slope surface 9.2
  • Surface 9.3 and slope surface 9.2 are the slope tangent to the outer peripheral surface of the tapered roller 3, and the tangent point D is located at the center of the slope.
  • the slope surface 9.2 is located on the side close to the outer diameter of the cage 9, and the lubricating surface 9.3 extends from the inner edge of the slope surface 9.2 to the inner diameter side of the cage 9.
  • the cage 9 in this embodiment is a cage 9 made of engineering plastics.
  • the slope 9.2 is provided on the pocket window beam 9.1 and the outer peripheral surface of the tapered roller 3 is aligned with the slope 9.2.
  • the tangent point D is set as the midpoint of the slope 9.2.
  • the lubricating surface 9.3 is an inclined plane.
  • the lubricating surface 9.3 is inclined relative to the slope surface 9.2 toward the side close to the tapered roller 3 in the pocket.
  • a double-row tapered roller bearing in this embodiment also includes a front cover 11 and a rear retaining ring 5.
  • the double-row tapered roller bearing It is set on the journal 4.1 at the end of the axle 4.
  • the front cover 11 is detachably connected to the axle head at one end of the journal 4.1 through bolts 13.
  • the front cover 11 is in end surface contact with the second inner ring 2.3 and is in contact with the second inner ring 2.3.
  • the rear retaining ring 5 is placed on the shoulder 4.2 at the other end of the journal 4.1.
  • the rear retaining ring 5 contacts the end face of the first inner ring 2.2 and performs axial movement on the first inner ring 2.2. It is limited and sealed, and the first inner ring 2.2 and the rear retaining ring 5 are connected by a plastic steel clamp ring 6. It should be noted that the structure and installation method of the rear retaining ring 5 and the clamping ring 6 of this embodiment are the same as those of the rear retaining ring 5 and the clamping ring 6 in Embodiment 1, and have the same beneficial effects.
  • a set of sealing structures 12 are symmetrically provided between the first inner ring 2.2 and the bearing outer ring 1, and between the first inner ring 2.2 and the bearing outer ring 1.
  • the cage 9 in the double row tapered roller bearing of this embodiment is provided with a slope surface 9.2 and a lubricating surface 9.3, which makes the internal lubrication of the bearing more sufficient and reduces the cost of the bearing.
  • the friction and temperature rise during bearing operation reduce the occurrence of annular stripes on the outer circumferential surface of the roller, thereby increasing the bearing operating speed and maintenance cycle.
  • This product is suitable for heavy-duty or high-speed rail vehicle bearings. It can better improve the operating conditions and lubrication conditions of the guide rollers than the traditional cage 9.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features.
  • “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically limited.
  • connection can be detachable or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements or an internal connection between two elements. Interactions, unless otherwise expressly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
  • a first feature being “on” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. touch.
  • the terms “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature is above the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • "Below”, “below” and “beneath” the first feature to the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a smaller horizontal height than the second feature.
  • the terms “comprises,” “comprises,” or any other variation thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements not only includes those elements, but also Includes other elements not expressly listed or that are inherent to the process, method, article or equipment. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement “comprises a" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the stated element.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

带后挡组成式的双列圆锥滚子轴承，包括轴承外圈（1）、轴承内圈（2）以及分别通过保持架（9）可滚动的安装在轴承外圈与轴承内圈之间的两列圆锥滚子（3），还包括安装在车轴（4）的轴肩（4.2）处并与轴承内圈的定位端面（2.1）抵接的后挡圈（5），轴承内圈与后挡圈通过卡圈（6）固定连接。其通过卡圈将轴承内圈与后挡圈固定在一起，防止轴承内圈端面处的定位端面相对后挡圈端面产生蠕动磨损，能够提高双列圆锥滚子轴承的使用寿命。

Description

带后挡组成式双列圆锥滚子轴承 技术领域
本发明涉及轴承技术领域，尤其涉及带后挡组成式的双列圆锥滚子轴承。
 背景技术
铁路货车轴承是铁路货车的重要部件，承担着货车承载、走行的功能，是直接关系到铁路货车安全的最关键部件。铁路货车轴承结构已由传统型发展到紧凑型；保持架由钢保持架发展到工程塑料（塑钢）保持架；密封组成由接触式密封发展到迷宫式轻接触型密封；滚子母线采用对数曲线设计，但轴承后挡圈5一直采用传统一体式设计结构。
 技术问题
如图5所示，现有技术中轴承内圈端面与后挡圈端面紧密贴合在一起，由于轴承内圈2与轴是过盈配合，车轴4旋转时带动轴承内圈2旋转，轴承内圈端面与后挡圈端面产生蠕动摩擦，摩擦产生的铁屑颗粒会掉到轴承内圈2与轴承配合面当中，导致轴承内径与轴产生摩擦，摩擦产生的摩擦热散热困难，使轴承的运用温度升高，影响轴承的使用寿命。
 技术解决方案
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的是提供带后挡组成式的双列圆锥滚子轴承，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案。
带后挡组成式的双列圆锥滚子轴承，包括轴承外圈、轴承内圈以及分别通过保持架可滚动的安装在所述轴承外圈与所述轴承内圈之间的两列圆锥滚子，还包括安装在车轴的轴肩处并与所述轴承内圈的定位端面抵接的后挡圈，所述轴承内圈与所述后挡圈通过卡圈固定连接。
进一步的，所述后挡圈靠近所述轴承内圈一端的内圆周面上设置有第一环形凹槽，所述轴承内圈靠近所述后挡圈一端的内圆周面上开设有第二环形凹槽，所述卡圈卡接于所述第一环形凹槽和所述第二环形凹槽。
进一步的，所述第一环形凹槽包括与所述卡圈一端的端面抵接的止挡面和与所述卡圈部分外周面抵接的第一斜坡面，所述第二环形凹槽设置有与所述卡圈部分外周面抵接的第二斜坡面。
进一步的，所述第一斜坡面与所述第二斜坡面相对所述轴承内圈与所述后挡圈的对接面对称设置。
优选的，所述第一斜坡面与所述第二斜坡面的坡度相同，均为10度，深度均为6.2mm。
进一步的，所述卡圈的外圆周面包括与所述第一斜坡面和所述第二斜坡面相适配的两个斜面以及连接两个所述斜面的圆柱面，所述卡圈的内周面的横截面与所述卡圈的外周面的横截面平行。
进一步的，所述车轴的一端设置有轴颈，所述轴承内圈安装在所述轴颈上，所述轴承内圈的内孔与所述轴颈过盈配合，所述车轴与所述轴颈连接处形成所述轴肩，所述后挡圈包括直径依次变大的第一段阶梯孔和第二段阶梯孔，所述第二段阶梯孔固定套接于所述车轴上，所述第一段阶梯孔与所第二段阶梯孔连接处的台阶面抵接于所述轴肩处，所述第一环形凹槽开设在所述第一段阶梯孔的内圆周面上。
优选的，所述卡圈为塑钢材质形成。
进一步的，所述轴承外圈的内周面上设置有与所述圆锥滚子相适配的两列锥形滚道，所述轴承内圈包括并列设置的第一内圈和第二内圈，所述第一内圈与所述第二内圈的外圆周面上均设置有与所述圆锥滚子相适配的锥形滚道。
进一步的，所述第一内圈靠近所述后挡圈，所述定位端面为所述第一内圈远离所述第二内圈一端的端面，所述第二环形凹槽开设在所述第一内圈的内圆周面上，所述卡圈将所述后挡圈与所述第一内圈固定连接。
 有益效果
本发明与现有技术相比的有益效果是；本发明提供的带后挡组成式的双列圆锥滚子轴承，包括轴承外圈、轴承内圈以及分别通过保持架可滚动的安装在所述轴承外圈与所述轴承内圈之间的两列圆锥滚子，还包括安装在车轴的轴肩处并与所述轴承内圈的定位端面抵接的后挡圈，所述轴承内圈与所述后挡圈通过卡圈固定连接。其通过卡圈将轴承内圈与后挡圈固定在一起，防止轴承内圈端面处的定位端面相对后挡圈端面产生蠕动磨损，能够提高双列圆锥滚子轴承的使用寿命。
 附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的结构示意图；图2为图1中A处的结构示意图；图3为本发明实施例的后挡圈的结构示意图；图4为3中C处的结构示意图；图5为现有技术的结构示意图；图6为本发明另一实施例的结构示意图；图7为本发明实施例中保持架与圆锥滚子装配结构示意图一；图8为本发明实施例中保持架与圆锥滚子装配结构示意图二。
图中：1、轴承外圈，2、轴承内圈，2.1、定位端面，2.2、第一内圈，2.3、第二内圈，3、圆锥滚子，4、车轴，4.1、轴颈，4.2、轴肩，5、后挡圈，5.1、第一段阶梯孔，5.2、第二段阶梯孔，5.3、台阶面，6、卡圈，7、第一环形凹槽，7.1、止挡面，7.2、第一斜坡面，8、第二环形凹槽，8.1、第二斜坡面，a、坡度，b、深度，9、保持架，9.1、窗梁，9.2、坡面，9.3、润滑面，10、内隔圈，11、前盖，12、密封结构，13、螺栓，  D、切点。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
实施例1。
如图1-4所示，带后挡组成式的双列圆锥滚子轴承，包括轴承外圈1、轴承内圈2以及分别通过保持架9可滚动的安装在轴承外圈1与轴承内圈2之间的两列圆锥滚子3，还包括安装在车轴4的轴肩4.2处并与轴承内圈2的定位端面2.1抵接的后挡圈5，轴承内圈2与后挡圈5通过卡圈6固定连接。具体的，后挡圈5靠近轴承内圈2的定位端面2.1一端的内圆周面上开设有第一环形凹槽7，轴承内圈2靠近后挡圈5一端的内圆周面上开设有第二环形凹槽8，卡圈6卡接于第一环形凹槽7和第二环形凹槽8。本实施例的第一环形凹槽7的开口延伸到后挡圈的端面，第二环形凹槽8的开口延伸到轴承内圈2的定位端面2.1。
需要说明的是，上述技术方案通过卡圈6将轴承内圈2与后挡圈5固定在一起，这种结构防止轴承内圈2端面处的定位端面2.1相对后挡圈5端面产生蠕动，有效地避免了金属之间的微动磨蚀，防止蠕动磨损产生的铁屑颗粒掉到车轴4的表面，轴承内径与轴摩擦产生的摩擦热影响轴承使用寿命。
为了保证卡圈6卡接固定时的稳定性以及密封性，本实施例的第一环形凹槽7包括与卡圈6一端的端面抵接的止挡面7.1和与卡圈6一部分外周面抵接的第一斜坡面7.2，第二环形凹槽8设置有与卡圈6另外一部分外周面抵接的第二斜坡面8.1。优选的，第一斜坡面7.2与第二斜坡面8.1相对轴承内圈2与后挡圈5的对接面对称设置。
本实施例的卡圈6呈环形，卡圈6的内径大于轴颈4.1的直径。卡圈6的外圆周面包括与第一斜坡面7.2和第二斜坡面8.1相适配的两个斜面以及连接两个斜面的圆柱面，卡圈6的内周面的横截面与卡圈6的外周面的横截面平行，从而保证卡圈6的厚度一致。进而保证卡圈6弹性稳定，紧固效果好。优选的，本实施例的第一斜坡面7.2与第二斜坡面8.1的坡度a相同，两个斜坡面的坡度a均为10度，深度b均为6.2mm。需要说明的是，上述结构的设置能够保证卡圈6与第一环形凹槽7和第二环形凹槽8配合紧密，形成后挡密封组成。
本实施例的车轴4的一端设置有轴颈4.1，轴承内圈2安装在轴颈4.1上，安装时，轴承内圈2的内孔与轴颈4.1过盈配合，车轴4与轴颈4.1连接处形成轴肩4.2（即轴颈4.1的直径小于车轴4的直径）。后挡圈5呈套筒状，后挡圈5包括直径依次变大的第一段阶梯孔5.1和第二段阶梯孔5.2，第一段阶梯孔5.1的孔径大于轴颈4.1的直径，第二段阶梯孔5.2固定套接于车轴4上，第一段阶梯孔5.1与所第二段阶梯孔5.2连接处的台阶面5.3抵接定位于轴肩4.2处，第一环形凹槽7开设在第一段阶梯孔5.1的内圆周面上。安装时，第二段阶梯孔5.2与车轴4过渡配合。
本实施例的卡圈6为塑钢材质形成，优选的为玻璃纤维增强聚酰胺66。本实施例的后挡圈5材料采用35号钢，同时表面磷化处理。
本实施例的轴承外圈1的内周面上设置有与圆锥滚子3相适配的两列锥形滚道，轴承内圈2包括并列设置的第一内圈2.2和第二内圈2.3，第一内圈2.2与第二内圈2.3的外圆周面上均设置有与圆锥滚子3相适配的锥形滚道。第一内圈2.2靠近后挡圈5，定位端面2.1为第一内圈2.2远离第二内圈2.3一端的端面，第二环形凹槽8开设在第一内圈2.2的内圆周面上，卡圈6将后挡圈5与第一内圈2.2固定连接。
安装时，先将塑钢卡圈6压入轴承后挡圈5，组成后挡组成，在装配轴承时再将轴承内圈2中的第一内圈2.2压入塑钢卡圈6，压入后的状态如图2所示，塑钢卡圈6将第一内圈2.2和后挡圈5紧紧地连接在一起，防止轴承内圈2的端面（定位端面2.1）与后挡圈5端面之间产生摩擦。
本实施例与现有技术相比的有益效果是：本实施例的带后挡组成式的双列圆锥滚子轴承，通过卡圈6将轴承内圈2与后挡圈5固定在一起，防止轴承内圈2端面处的定位端面2.1相对后挡圈5端面产生蠕动磨损，同时还具有密封功能，能够提高双列圆锥滚子轴承的使用寿命。
 本发明的实施方式
实施例2。
本实施例包括上述实施例1中的全部技术方案，本实施例是在上述的实施例1的基础上的改进。
传统的工程塑料保持架9在应用中经常会出现保持架9兜孔窗梁9.1在引导滚子时，滚子外周面出现不同程度的环形条纹，影响轴承滚动体的运转稳定性，不利于轴承的润滑，最终影响轴承的使用。
如图6-8所示，一种双列圆锥滚子轴承，包括轴承外圈1、轴承内圈2、保持架9以及双列圆锥滚子3，每列圆锥滚子3分别通过保持架9滚动保持在轴承内圈2和轴承外圈1之间。轴承外圈1的内周面上设置有与圆锥滚子3相适配的两列锥形滚道，轴承内圈2包括并列设置的第一内圈2.2和第二内圈2.3，第一内圈2.2与第二内圈2.3的外圆周面上均设置有与圆锥滚子3相适配的锥形滚道。第一内圈2.2和第二内圈2.3小口径端相对设置，第一内圈2.2与第二内圈2.3之间设置有内隔圈10，两列圆锥滚子3的小径端相对设置。
保持架9包括若干容纳圆锥滚子3的兜孔和连接相邻两兜孔的窗梁9.1，窗梁9.1用于形成兜孔的两个侧壁设置有与圆锥滚子3外圆周面配合的引导面，每个兜孔内与圆锥滚子3外圆周面配合的两个引导面对称设置；引导面包括与圆锥滚子3外圆周面接触的坡面9.2以及与坡面9.2倾斜的润滑面9.3，坡面9.2为与圆锥滚子3外周面相切的斜面，切点D位于斜面的中心。具体的，坡面9.2位于靠近保持架9外径的一侧，润滑面9.3从坡面9.2内侧边缘向保持架9内径侧延伸。
需要说明的是，本实施例的保持架9是以工程塑料为材料的一种保持架9，通过在兜孔窗梁9.1上设置坡面9.2，并使圆锥滚子3外周面与坡面9.2的切点D设置为坡面9.2中点，以此结构设计，避免圆锥滚子3外周面出现不同程度的环形条纹，提高双列圆锥滚子轴承中的滚动体的运转稳定性、同时还能够增加润滑脂的导入，改善润滑条件。
本实施例润滑面9.3为斜平面，润滑面9.3相对于坡面9.2向靠近兜孔内圆锥滚子3的一侧倾斜，润滑面9.3与圆锥滚子3外圆周面之间具有间隙。需要说明的是，该间隙能够增加相邻圆锥滚子3之间的储脂空间，从而改善轴承运转时的润滑性能。
为了提高双列圆锥滚子轴承的使用时前后两端的密封性能，提高其使用寿命，本实施例一种双列圆锥滚子轴承还包括前盖11和后挡圈5，双列圆锥滚子轴承套装在车轴4端部的轴颈4.1上，前盖11与轴颈4.1一端端部的轴头通过螺栓13可拆卸连接，前盖11与第二内圈2.3端面接触并对第二内圈2.3进行轴向限位并密封；后挡圈5套置在轴颈4.1另一端端部的轴肩4.2部位，后挡圈5与第一内圈2.2端面接触并对第一内圈2.2进行轴向限位并密封，第一内圈2.2与后挡圈5之间采用塑钢卡圈6连接。需要说明的是，本实施例的后挡圈5、卡圈6与实施例1中的后挡圈5、卡圈6的结构以及安装方式均相同，并具有与其相同的有益效果。
为了增加双列圆锥滚子轴承整体的密封性能，本实施例第一内圈2.2与轴承外圈1之间、第一内圈2.2与轴承外圈1之间对称设置一组密封结构12。
本实施例与现有技术相比的有益效果是：本实施例的双列圆锥滚子轴承中的保持架9通过坡面9.2以及润滑面9.3的设置，使轴承内部的润滑更充分，降低了轴承运转时的摩擦和温升，减少滚子外周面环形条纹产生，提高轴承运转速度和维护周期。本产品适用于重载或高速轨道车辆轴承，比传统的保持架9能更好地改善引导滚子运转条件和润滑条件。
 工业实用性
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“设置”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”“旋接”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施方式。
在本发明的描述中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上所述尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (17)

  1. 带后挡组成式的双列圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：包括轴承外圈、轴承内圈以及分别通过保持架可滚动的安装在所述轴承外圈与所述轴承内圈之间的两列圆锥滚子，还包括安装在车轴的轴肩处并与所述轴承内圈的定位端面抵接的后挡圈，所述轴承内圈与所述后挡圈通过卡圈固定连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的带后挡组成式的双列圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：所述后挡圈靠近所述轴承内圈一端的内圆周面上设置有第一环形凹槽，所述轴承内圈靠近所述后挡圈一端的内圆周面上开设有第二环形凹槽，所述卡圈卡接于所述第一环形凹槽和所述第二环形凹槽。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的带后挡组成式的双列圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：所述第一环形凹槽包括与所述卡圈一端的端面抵接的止挡面和与所述卡圈部分外周面抵接的第一斜坡面，所述第二环形凹槽设置有与所述卡圈部分外周面抵接的第二斜坡面。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的带后挡组成式的双列圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：所述第一斜坡面与所述第二斜坡面相对所述轴承内圈与所述后挡圈的对接面对称设置。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的带后挡组成式的双列圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：所述第一斜坡面与所述第二斜坡面的坡度相同，均为10度，深度均为6.2mm。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的带后挡组成式的双列圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：所述卡圈的外圆周面包括与所述第一斜坡面和所述第二斜坡面相适配的两个斜面以及连接两个所述斜面的圆柱面，所述卡圈的内周面的横截面与所述卡圈的外周面的横截面平行。
  7. 根据权利要求2-6任意一项所述的带后挡组成式的双列圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：所述车轴的一端设置有轴颈，所述轴承内圈安装在所述轴颈上，所述轴承内圈的内孔与所述轴颈过盈配合，所述车轴与所述轴颈连接处形成所述轴肩，所述后挡圈包括直径依次变大的第一段阶梯孔和第二段阶梯孔，所述第二段阶梯孔固定套接于所述车轴上，所述第一段阶梯孔与所第二段阶梯孔连接处的台阶面抵接于所述轴肩处，所述第一环形凹槽开设在所述第一段阶梯孔的内圆周面上。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的带后挡组成式的双列圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：所述卡圈为塑钢材质形成。
  9. 一种双列圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：包括轴承外圈、轴承内圈、保持架以及双列圆锥滚子，每列所述圆锥滚子分别通过保持架滚动保持在所述轴承内圈和所述轴承外圈之间；所述保持架包括若干容纳所述圆锥滚子的兜孔和连接相邻两个所述兜孔的窗梁，所述窗梁用于形成所述兜孔的两个侧壁设置有与所述圆锥滚子外圆周面配合的引导面，每个所述兜孔内与所述圆锥滚子外圆周面配合的两个所述引导面对称设置；每个所述引导面包括与所述圆锥滚子外圆周面接触的坡面以及与所述坡面倾斜的润滑面，所述坡面为与所述圆锥滚子外周面相切的斜面，切点位于所述斜面的中心。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种双列圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：所述润滑面与所述圆锥滚子外圆周面之间具有间隙。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的一种双列圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：所述润滑面为斜平面，所述润滑面相对于所述坡面向靠近所述兜孔内圆锥滚子的一侧倾斜。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的一种双列圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：所述坡面位于靠近所述保持架外径的一侧，所述润滑面从所述坡面内侧边缘向所述保持架内径侧延伸。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的一种双列圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：所述轴承外圈的内周面上设置有与所述圆锥滚子相适配的两列锥形滚道，所述轴承内圈包括并列设置的第一内圈和第二内圈，所述第一内圈与所述第二内圈的外圆周面上均设置有与所述圆锥滚子相适配的锥形滚道。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的一种双列圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：所述第一内圈和所述第二内圈小口径端相对设置，所述第一内圈与所述第二内圈之间设置有内隔圈，两列所述圆锥滚子的小径端相对设置。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的一种双列圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：所述一种双列圆锥滚子轴承还包括前盖和后挡圈，所述的双列圆锥滚子轴承套装在车轴端部的轴颈上，所述前盖与所述轴颈一端端部的轴头可拆卸连接，所述前盖与所述第二内圈端面接触并对所述第二内圈进行轴向限位；所述后挡圈套置在所述轴颈另一端端部的轴肩部位，所述后挡圈与所述第一内圈端面接触并对所述第一内圈进行轴向限位，所述第一内圈与所述后挡圈之间采用塑钢卡圈连接。
  16. 根据权利要求13或14所述的一种双列圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：所述第一内圈和所述第二内圈小口径端相对设置。
  17. 根据权利要求13所述的一种双列圆锥滚子轴承，其特征在于：所述第一内圈与所述轴承外圈之间、所述第二内圈与所述轴承外圈之间对称设置一组密封结构。
PCT/CN2022/125068 2022-08-25 2022-10-13 带后挡组成式双列圆锥滚子轴承 WO2024040718A1 (zh)

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CN218118334U (zh) * 2022-08-25 2022-12-23 瓦房店轴承集团有限责任公司 一种带后挡组成式双列圆锥滚子轴承

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