WO2024037346A1 - 页面管理方法及电子设备 - Google Patents

页面管理方法及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024037346A1
WO2024037346A1 PCT/CN2023/110848 CN2023110848W WO2024037346A1 WO 2024037346 A1 WO2024037346 A1 WO 2024037346A1 CN 2023110848 W CN2023110848 W CN 2023110848W WO 2024037346 A1 WO2024037346 A1 WO 2024037346A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
page
electronic device
interface
node
application
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PCT/CN2023/110848
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
詹志贵
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2024037346A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024037346A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/451—Execution arrangements for user interfaces

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of terminal technology, and in particular, to a page management method and electronic device.
  • page management is done in a stack manner.
  • the electronic device in response to the user's operation of opening the application, the electronic device creates an activity record (ActivityRecord) corresponding to the application's main page and pushes it into the stack, and then displays the application's main page.
  • the electronic device sequentially generates ActivityRecords corresponding to different pages according to the user's operation sequence and pushes them into the stack.
  • the ActivityRecord generated by the last user operation instruction becomes the top element of the stack, and the electronic device displays the page corresponding to the element on the top of the stack.
  • the electronic device needs to display the page corresponding to the element at the bottom of the stack, it needs to destroy each ActivityRecord located above the ActivityRecord at the bottom of the stack in sequence. That is, the user needs to instruct the electronic device to destroy the corresponding top element of the stack through multiple return operations, so that the element at the bottom of the stack can be moved to the top to display the page corresponding to the element at the bottom of the original stack.
  • the electronic device can only display the page corresponding to the element at the top of the stack, the user's operation during the page switching process is cumbersome and affects the user experience.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a page management method and electronic device.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiment of this application manages multiple pages of the first application according to page relationships, realizes flexible jump display between pages, reduces user operation difficulty, and improves user experience.
  • the first aspect is to provide a page management method.
  • the method includes: during the process of displaying the first interface, the electronic device displays a page management interface in response to the user's first operation; wherein the first interface is used to display a first page of the first application, and the page management interface The interface is used to display multiple cards corresponding to multiple background pages of the first application, and the multiple background pages include the first page.
  • the electronic device displays a second interface, and the second interface is used to display the corresponding information of the first card. The second page of the first application.
  • the electronic device manages multiple pages of the first application according to the page relationship, and the user can jump to the page in the first application with only simple operations, which effectively reduces the difficulty of the user's operation and improves the efficiency of page jump.
  • the method before the electronic device displays the first interface in response to the user's first operation and displays the page management interface, the method further includes: the electronic device displays a second interface, and the plurality of background pages include the second page .
  • the electronic device before displaying the first page, the electronic device has created an ActivityRecord corresponding to the second page through AMS, and displays the second page. Therefore, when the electronic device displays the first page, the second page is the background page of the first application, and the card displayed by the electronic device on the page management interface includes the first card corresponding to the second page.
  • the electronic device retains the ActivityRecord corresponding to the background page of the first application, thereby realizing jump display between multiple background pages.
  • the method further includes: in response to the user indicating a third operation on the second interface to return to the parent node page, the electronic device closes the second page and displays the third interface , the third interface is used to display the parent node page of the node where the second page is located.
  • the parent node page of the second page is a third page
  • the method further includes: responding to a fourth operation of displaying the child node page in response to the user's instruction on the third interface.
  • the electronic device displays a fourth interface, and the fourth interface is used to display the fourth page of the first application; wherein, the node level corresponding to the fourth page and the second page is n+1, and the node level corresponding to the third page is n,
  • the third page is the parent node page of the fourth page and the second page, and n is a natural number.
  • the activity service management AMS of the electronic device manages the page of the first application through a tree structure management method.
  • one parent node page may correspond to one or more child node pages, and one child node page corresponds to one parent node page.
  • the method further includes: the electronic device destroys the second page, and destroys the child node page of the node where the second page is located.
  • the electronic device after the electronic device responds to the user's operation and returns to the parent node page, it can destroy the background page of the first application and the corresponding ActivityRecord that the user no longer needs to display on the electronic device, thereby reducing memory usage.
  • the method further includes: in response to the user's fifth operation on the second interface, the electronic device displays a fifth interface, and the fifth interface is used to display the first application
  • the fifth page, the fifth page is the child node page of the second page.
  • the method further includes: after the electronic device creates the fifth page, determine whether the number of pages at the node level where the fifth page is located is greater than the first threshold. If it is greater than the first threshold, the electronic device destroys the page at the node level where the fifth page is located and the sub-node page corresponding to the destroyed page according to the first preset method.
  • the first preset method includes destroying the page with the lowest sum of weights among the pages at the node level where the fifth page is located, and destroying the page corresponding to the page with the lowest sum of weights.
  • the method further includes: after the electronic device creates the fifth page, determine whether the number of background pages of the first application is greater than the second threshold. If it is greater than the second threshold, the electronic device destroys the page according to the second preset method.
  • the second preset method includes destroying the page with the lowest sum of weights among the background pages of the first application, and destroying the child node page corresponding to the page with the lowest sum of weights;
  • the second preset method includes destroying the page with the lowest weight sum among the pages with the lowest node level in the background page of the first application; wherein the weight sum is determined by the electronic device based on the node access time and/or the number of node accesses corresponding to the page.
  • the method further includes: in response to the sixth operation of the user closing the second card on the page management interface, the electronic device does not display the second card, and destroys the second card.
  • the sixth page corresponding to the card and the child node pages of the sixth page.
  • the electronic device in response to the user's operation, can create and manage the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the newly opened page. Moreover, by destroying ActivityRecord nodes corresponding to pages that are not frequently used, it reduces the difficulty of ActivityRecord node management, reduces the number of cards displayed on the page management interface, and reduces the difficulty of user page jumps.
  • the method further includes: in response to the seventh operation of the user closing all cards on the page management interface, the electronic device destroys all background pages of the first application.
  • the electronic device responds to the user's operation by closing application background pages that the user no longer needs, thereby reducing memory usage. Moreover, it also reduces the difficulty for users to find the cards corresponding to the required backend page when there are too many cards.
  • the page management interface is used to display multiple cards corresponding to multiple background pages of the first application, including: the page management interface is used to display according to a preset display mode
  • the default display methods for multiple cards corresponding to multiple background pages of the first application include one or more of the following: multiple cards are displayed overlapping horizontally, multiple cards are displayed side by side horizontally, and multiple cards are displayed flat on the page management interface. shop display.
  • the electronic device can flexibly display multiple background pages of the first application on the page management interface to meet the user's usage needs and improve the user's usage experience.
  • the method further includes: during the process of displaying the first interface by the electronic device, setting the first page corresponding to the first interface to correspond to the focus window.
  • the electronic device in response to the user's second operation on the first card among the plurality of cards on the page management interface, displays the second interface, including: in response to When the user performs a second operation on the first card among the plurality of cards on the page management interface, the electronic device sets the second page corresponding to the first card to correspond to the focus window, and displays the second interface.
  • the method further includes: the electronic device does not destroy the first page.
  • the electronic device manages the page of the first application through the tree structure, realizes arbitrary jump display in the page of the first application, and can set any jump page to correspond to the focus window without destroying the page before the jump. page.
  • the electronic device manages the pages of the first application through a stack. Since only the page corresponding to the element at the top of the stack can be set to correspond to the focus window, so the electronic device needs to sequentially destroy each ActivityRecord in the stack above the ActivityRecord corresponding to the page to be set as the focus window, causing the page information corresponding to the destroyed ActivityRecord to be lost, and subsequent users can only reopen the page in sequence, and the electronic device The corresponding ActivityRecord also needs to be re-created.
  • the page management method provided by the embodiment of the present application can effectively reduce user operation difficulty through the page management interface. Moreover, during the page jump process, after the electronic device sets the focus window, the page before the page jump will not be destroyed, and the corresponding page information will not be lost. In this way, if the subsequent electronic device jumps back to the original page in response to the user operation, page, there is no need to re-create the corresponding ActivityRecord, improving page jump efficiency.
  • an electronic device in a second aspect, includes: a processor, a memory and a display screen.
  • the memory and the display screen are coupled to the processor.
  • the memory is used to store computer program codes.
  • the computer program codes include computer instructions.
  • the electronic device Device execution: During the process of displaying the first interface, the electronic device displays a page management interface in response to the user's first operation; wherein the first interface is used to display the first page of the first application, and the page management interface Used to display multiple cards corresponding to multiple background pages of the first application, where the multiple background pages include the first page.
  • the electronic device In response to the user's second operation on the first card among the plurality of cards on the page management interface, the electronic device displays a second interface, and the second interface is used to display the corresponding information of the first card. The second page of the first application.
  • the electronic device when the electronic device displays the first interface and responds to the user's first operation before displaying the page management interface, when the processor reads the computer readable instructions from the memory, it also causes the electronic device to perform the following Operation: The electronic device displays the second interface, and multiple background pages include the second page.
  • the processor when the processor reads the computer-readable instructions from the memory, it also causes the electronic device to perform the following operations: return to the parent node in response to the user's instruction on the second interface In the third operation of the page, the electronic device closes the second page and displays a third interface.
  • the third interface is used to display the parent node page of the node where the second page is located.
  • the parent node page of the second page is the third page.
  • the processor reads the computer-readable instructions from the memory, it also causes the electronic device to perform the following operations: In response to the fourth operation of the user instructing to display the sub-node page on the third interface, the electronic device displays a fourth interface, and the fourth interface is used to display a fourth page of the first application; wherein the fourth page and the second page correspond to The node level is n+1, the node level corresponding to the third page is n, the third page is the parent node page of the fourth page and the second page, and n is a natural number.
  • the processor when the processor reads the computer-readable instructions from the memory, it also causes the electronic device to perform the following operations: the electronic device destroys the second page, and destroys the second page The child node page of the node where it is located.
  • the processor when the processor reads the computer-readable instructions from the memory, it also causes the electronic device to perform the following operations: in response to the user's fifth operation on the second interface , the electronic device displays a fifth interface, the fifth interface is used to display the fifth page of the first application, and the fifth page is a child node page of the second page.
  • the processor when the processor reads the computer readable instructions from the memory, it also causes the electronic device to perform the following operations: after creating the fifth page, the electronic device determines the fifth page. Whether the number of pages at the node level where the page is located is greater than the first threshold. If it is greater than the first threshold, the electronic device destroys the page at the node level where the fifth page is located and the sub-node page corresponding to the destroyed page according to the first preset method.
  • the first preset method includes destroying the page with the lowest sum of weights among the pages at the node level where the fifth page is located, and destroying the page corresponding to the page with the lowest sum of weights.
  • the processor when the processor reads the computer readable instructions from the memory, it also causes the electronic device to perform the following operations: after creating the fifth page, the electronic device determines the first Whether the number of background pages of the application is greater than the second threshold. If it is greater than the second threshold, the electronic device destroys the page according to the second preset method.
  • the second preset method includes destroying the page with the lowest sum of weights among the background pages of the first application, and destroying the child node page corresponding to the page with the lowest sum of weights;
  • the second preset method includes destroying the page with the lowest weight sum among the pages with the lowest node level in the background page of the first application; wherein the weight sum is determined by the electronic device based on the node access time and/or the number of node accesses corresponding to the page.
  • the processor when the processor reads the computer-readable instructions from the memory, it also causes the electronic device to perform the following operations: in response to the user closing the second card on the page management interface In the sixth operation, the electronic device does not display the second card, and destroys the sixth page corresponding to the second card and the child node pages of the sixth page.
  • the processor when the processor reads the computer-readable instructions from the memory, it also causes the electronic device to perform the following operations: in response to the user closing all cards on the page management interface. In the seventh operation, the electronic device destroys all background pages of the first application.
  • the page management interface is used to display multiple cards corresponding to multiple background pages of the first application, including: the page management interface is used to display according to a preset display mode
  • the default display methods for multiple cards corresponding to multiple background pages of the first application include one or more of the following: multiple cards are displayed overlapping horizontally, multiple cards are displayed side by side horizontally, and multiple cards are displayed flat on the page management interface. shop display.
  • the processor when the processor reads the computer-readable instructions from the memory, it also causes the electronic device to perform the following operations: during the process of displaying the first interface, the sub-device sets The first page corresponding to the first interface corresponds to the focus window.
  • the electronic device in response to the user's second operation on the first card among the plurality of cards on the page management interface, displays the second interface, including: in response to When the user performs a second operation on the first card among the plurality of cards on the page management interface, the electronic device sets the second page corresponding to the first card to correspond to the focus window, and displays the second interface.
  • the electronic device when the processor reads the computer-readable instructions from the memory, the electronic device is also caused to perform the following operations: the electronic device does not destroy the first page.
  • the processor when the processor reads the computer readable instructions from the memory, it also causes the electronic device to perform the following operations: the activity service management AMS of the electronic device is managed through a tree structure How to manage the page of the first application.
  • embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device that has the function of implementing the page management method described in the above first aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof.
  • This function can be implemented by hardware, or can be implemented by hardware and corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program (which may also be referred to as instructions or codes).
  • the computer program When the computer program is executed by an electronic device, it causes the electronic device to perform the method of the first aspect or any one of the embodiments of the first aspect.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product, which when the computer program product is run on an electronic device, causes the electronic device to execute the method of the first aspect or any one of the implementation modes of the first aspect.
  • inventions of the present application provide a circuit system.
  • the circuit system includes a processing circuit, and the processing circuit is configured to execute the method of the first aspect or any one of the implementation modes of the first aspect.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a chip system, including at least one processor and at least one interface circuit.
  • the at least one interface circuit is used to perform transceiver functions and send instructions to at least one processor.
  • at least one processor When at least one processor When executing instructions, at least one processor performs the method of the first aspect or any one of the implementations of the first aspect.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the pushing and popping of ActivityRecord provided by the embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the interface provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4A is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4B is a schematic block diagram of the software structure of the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the tree structure of ActivityRecord provided by the embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 6A is a second schematic diagram of the interface provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6B is a schematic diagram three of the interface provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram 1 of the ActivityRecord node relationships provided by the embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram 2 of the ActivityRecord node relationships provided by the embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram 4 of the interface provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram 5 of the interface provided by the embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram 6 of the interface provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram 7 of the interface provided by the embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram 8 of the interface provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 14A is a schematic diagram 3 of the ActivityRecord node relationships provided by the embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 14B is a schematic diagram 4 of the ActivityRecord node relationships provided by the embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 15A is a schematic diagram 9 of the interface provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 15B is a schematic diagram 10 of the interface provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic diagram 11 of the interface provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic diagram 5 of the ActivityRecord node relationship provided by the embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the interface provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic flow chart of the page management method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • AMS activity manager service
  • Activity is One of the common components of the system, responsible for interaction with users.
  • the electronic device After the electronic device detects the user's operation to start the application, it creates ActivityRecord 1 corresponding to the main page of the application. As shown in (a) in Figure 1, ActivityRecord 1 is pushed into the stack, and ActivityRecord 1 becomes the top element of the stack.
  • the electronic device can display the interface 201 as shown in (a) in Figure 2.
  • the interface 201 is used to display the homepage corresponding to ActivityRecord 1. noodle.
  • the electronic device detects the user's operation of clicking the news control 21 shown on the interface 201, determines that the user has instructed to open the news page, and can create an ActivityRecord 2 corresponding to the news page as shown in (b) of Figure 1 and push it into the stack.
  • ActivityRecord 2 becomes the top element of the stack, and the electronic device can display the interface 202 as shown in (b) of Figure 2.
  • the interface 202 is used to display the news page.
  • the electronic device detects the user's operation of clicking the news video control 22 shown on the interface 202, determines that the user instructs to open the news video page, and can create an ActivityRecord 3 corresponding to the news video page as shown in (c) of Figure 1 and press it.
  • ActivityRecord 3 becomes the top element of the stack, and the electronic device can display the interface 203 shown in (c) in Figure 2.
  • the interface 203 is used to display the news video page.
  • the electronic device detects the user's operation of clicking the close control 23 displayed on the interface 203, and determines that the user has instructed to close the news video page, the top element of the stack as shown in (c) in Figure 1 can be destroyed, as corresponding to the news video page.
  • ActivityRecord 3 so that ActivityRecord 2 becomes the top element of the stack as shown in (d) in Figure 1.
  • the electronic device can display the news page corresponding to ActivityRecord 2, such as the interface 202 shown in (b) of Figure 2.
  • the electronic device detects the user's click on the return control 24 shown on the interface 202, determines that the user has instructed to close the news page, and can destroy the ActivityRecord 2 corresponding to the news page as shown in (d) of Figure 1, so that Figure 1 ActivityRecord 1 shown in (e) becomes the top element of the stack. Afterwards, the electronic device can display the main page corresponding to ActivityRecord 1, such as the interface 201 shown in (a) of Figure 2, and the user can send or view information on the interface 201.
  • the order of ActivityRecords in the stack is stored in the order in which the pages corresponding to the ActivityRecords are opened. If the electronic device needs to display the page corresponding to the element at the bottom of the stack, it needs to destroy each ActivityRecord located above the ActivityRecord at the bottom of the stack in sequence. In this process, the user needs to return to the previous page in the order in which the page is opened until the element at the bottom of the stack is brought to the top, which is a cumbersome operation.
  • the corresponding page information will be destroyed. Then, the next time the electronic device responds to a user operation and opens a page, the corresponding ActivityRecord needs to be re-created, resulting in unnecessary power consumption.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a page management method that manages each ActivityRecord according to page relationships, realizes flexible jumps between pages, reduces user operation difficulty, and improves user experience.
  • the page management method provided by the embodiment of this application can be applied to the electronic device 100 .
  • the electronic device 100 can be a mobile phone 31, a notebook computer 32, a tablet computer 33, a large-screen display device 34, a wearable device 35 (such as a smart watch, a smart bracelet, etc.), a vehicle-mounted device 36, Ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), netbook, personal digital assistant (PDA), artificial intelligence (AI) device, augmented reality (AR)/virtual reality (VR) reality, VR) equipment and other terminal equipment.
  • Operating systems installed on the electronic device 100 include but are not limited to or other operating systems. This application does not limit the specific type of the electronic device 100 or the operating system installed.
  • FIG. 4A shows a schematic structural diagram of the electronic device 100.
  • the electronic device 100 may include a processor 110, an external memory interface 120, an internal memory 121, a universal serial bus (USB) interface 130, a charging management module 140, a power management module 141, a battery 142, an antenna 1, an antenna 2 , mobile communication module 150, wireless communication module 160, audio module 170, sensor module 180, button 190, motor 191, indicator 192, camera 193, display screen 194, and subscriber identification module (subscriber identification module, SIM) card interface 195 wait.
  • a processor 110 an external memory interface 120, an internal memory 121, a universal serial bus (USB) interface 130, a charging management module 140, a power management module 141, a battery 142, an antenna 1, an antenna 2 , mobile communication module 150, wireless communication module 160, audio module 170, sensor module 180, button 190, motor 191, indicator 192, camera 193, display screen 194, and subscriber identification module (subscriber identification module, SIM) card interface 195 wait.
  • SIM subscriber identification module
  • the structure illustrated in the embodiment of the present application does not constitute a specific limitation on the electronic device 100 .
  • the electronic device 100 may include more or fewer components than shown in the figures, or some components may be combined, some components may be separated, or some components may be arranged differently.
  • the components illustrated may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • the processor 110 may include one or more processing units.
  • the processor 110 may include an application processor (application processor, AP), a modem processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), and an image signal processor. (image signal processor, ISP), controller, video codec, digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), baseband processor, and/or neural network processor (neural-network processing unit, NPU), etc.
  • application processor application processor, AP
  • modem processor graphics processing unit
  • GPU graphics processing unit
  • image signal processor image signal processor
  • ISP image signal processor
  • controller video codec
  • digital signal processor digital signal processor
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • baseband processor baseband processor
  • neural network processor neural-network processing unit
  • the processor 110 may also be provided with a memory for storing instructions and data.
  • processor 110 The memory is cache memory. This memory may hold instructions or data that have been recently used or recycled by processor 110 . If the processor 110 needs to use the instructions or data again, it can be called directly from the memory. Repeated access is avoided and the waiting time of the processor 110 is reduced, thus improving the efficiency of the system.
  • the USB interface 130 is an interface that complies with the USB standard specification, and may be a Mini USB interface, a Micro USB interface, a USB Type C interface, etc.
  • the USB interface 130 can be used to connect a charger to charge the electronic device 100, and can also be used to transmit data between the electronic device 100 and peripheral devices. It can also be used to connect headphones to play audio through them. This interface can also be used to connect other electronic devices, such as AR devices, etc.
  • the charging management module 140 is used to receive charging input from the charger.
  • the charger can be a wireless charger or a wired charger.
  • the charging management module 140 may receive charging input from the wired charger through the USB interface 130 .
  • the charging management module 140 may receive wireless charging input through the wireless charging coil of the electronic device 100 . While the charging management module 140 charges the battery 142, it can also provide power to the electronic device through the power management module 141.
  • the power management module 141 is used to connect the battery 142, the charging management module 140 and the processor 110.
  • the power management module 141 receives input from the battery 142 and/or the charging management module 140, and supplies power to the processor 110, the internal memory 121, the display screen 194, the camera 193, the wireless communication module 160, and the like.
  • the power management module 141 can also be used to monitor battery capacity, battery cycle times, battery health status (leakage, impedance) and other parameters.
  • the power management module 141 may also be provided in the processor 110 .
  • the power management module 141 and the charging management module 140 may also be provided in the same device.
  • the wireless communication function of the electronic device 100 can be implemented through the antenna 1, the antenna 2, the mobile communication module 150, the wireless communication module 160, the modem processor and the baseband processor.
  • Antenna 1 and Antenna 2 are used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals.
  • Each antenna in electronic device 100 may be used to cover a single or multiple communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be reused to improve antenna utilization. For example: Antenna 1 can be reused as a diversity antenna for a wireless LAN. In other embodiments, antennas may be used in conjunction with tuning switches.
  • the mobile communication module 150 can provide solutions for wireless communication including 2G/3G/4G/5G applied on the electronic device 100 .
  • the mobile communication module 150 may include at least one filter, switch, power amplifier, low noise amplifier (LNA), etc.
  • the mobile communication module 150 can receive electromagnetic waves through the antenna 1, perform filtering, amplification and other processing on the received electromagnetic waves, and transmit them to the modem processor for demodulation.
  • the mobile communication module 150 can also amplify the signal modulated by the modem processor and convert it into electromagnetic waves through the antenna 1 for radiation.
  • at least part of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 may be disposed in the processor 110 .
  • at least part of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 and at least part of the modules of the processor 110 may be provided in the same device.
  • the wireless communication module 160 can provide applications on the electronic device 100 including wireless local area networks (WLAN) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) network), Bluetooth (bluetooth, BT), and global navigation satellites.
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • System global navigation satellite system, GNSS
  • frequency modulation frequency modulation, FM
  • near field communication technology near field communication, NFC
  • infrared technology infrared, IR
  • the wireless communication module 160 may be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module.
  • the wireless communication module 160 receives electromagnetic waves via the antenna 2 , frequency modulates and filters the electromagnetic wave signals, and sends the processed signals to the processor 110 .
  • the wireless communication module 160 can also receive the signal to be sent from the processor 110, frequency modulate it, amplify it, and convert it into electromagnetic waves through the antenna 2 for radiation.
  • the antenna 1 of the electronic device 100 is coupled to the mobile communication module 150, and the antenna 2 is coupled to the wireless communication module 160, so that the electronic device 100 can communicate with the network and other devices through wireless communication technology.
  • the wireless communication technology may include global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), code division multiple access (CDMA), broadband Code division multiple access (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA), time-division code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE), BT, GNSS, WLAN, NFC , FM, and/or IR technology, etc.
  • the GNSS may include global positioning system (GPS), global navigation satellite system (GLONASS), Beidou navigation satellite system (BDS), quasi-zenith satellite system (quasi -zenith satellite system, QZSS) and/or satellite base Enhancement systems (satellite based augmentation systems, SBAS).
  • GPS global positioning system
  • GLONASS global navigation satellite system
  • BDS Beidou navigation satellite system
  • QZSS quasi-zenith satellite system
  • QZSS quasi-zenith satellite system
  • SBAS satellite base Enhancement systems
  • the electronic device 100 implements display functions through a GPU, a display screen 194, an application processor, and the like.
  • the GPU is an image processing microprocessor and is connected to the display screen 194 and the application processor. GPUs are used to perform mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering.
  • Processor 110 may include one or more GPUs that execute program instructions to generate or alter display information.
  • the display screen 194 is used to display images, videos, etc.
  • Display 194 includes a display panel.
  • the display panel can use a liquid crystal display (LCD), such as an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), an active matrix organic light emitting diode or an active matrix organic light emitting diode (active-matrix).
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • OLED organic light-emitting diode
  • active-matrix active matrix organic light emitting diode
  • AMOLED organic light emitting diodes
  • FLED flexible light-emitting diodes
  • Mini-led Micro-led
  • Micro-oled quantum dot light emitting diodes
  • QLED quantum dot light emitting diodes
  • the electronic device 100 may include 1 or N display screens 194, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the electronic device 100 creates a corresponding ActivityRecord through the processor 110 in response to the user's operation of opening the page. Afterwards, the electronic device 100 establishes a node relationship between the newly created ActivityRecord and the previously created ActivityRecord based on the relationship between the page to be displayed and the page where the ActivityRecord has been created before, and saves all ActivityRecord and node relationships in the internal memory 121 . Afterwards, the electronic device 100 may display the page displayed by the user's operation instruction on the display screen 194 .
  • the display screen 194 configured on the electronic device 100 is a physical display screen.
  • the electronic device 100 (such as a mobile phone), during the process of displaying the first application on the display screen 194, may display on the display screen 194 in response to a user operation. Cards corresponding to multiple backend pages of the first application. Afterwards, in response to the user's operation on the first card among the plurality of cards, the electronic device 100 may display the page corresponding to the first card on the display screen 194 .
  • the display screen 194 of the electronic device 100 is a virtual display screen, such as the electronic device 100 being an AR/VR device.
  • the virtual display screen is also applicable to the solutions provided by the embodiments of this application.
  • the electronic device 100 may display cards corresponding to multiple background pages of the first application on the virtual display screen in response to user operations. Afterwards, in response to the user's operation of selecting the first card among the plurality of cards, the electronic device 100 may display the page corresponding to the first card on the virtual display screen.
  • Camera 193 is used to capture still images or video.
  • the object passes through the lens to produce an optical image that is projected onto the photosensitive element.
  • the photosensitive element can be a charge coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistor.
  • CMOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor
  • the photosensitive element converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, and then passes the electrical signal to the ISP to convert it into a digital image signal.
  • ISP outputs digital image signals to DSP for processing.
  • DSP converts digital image signals into standard RGB, YUV and other format image signals.
  • the electronic device 100 may include 1 or N cameras 193, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the external memory interface 120 can be used to connect an external memory card, such as a Micro SD card, to expand the storage capacity of the electronic device 100.
  • the external memory card communicates with the processor 110 through the external memory interface 120 to implement the data storage function. Such as saving music, videos, etc. files in external memory card.
  • Internal memory 121 may be used to store computer executable program code, which includes instructions.
  • the internal memory 121 may include a program storage area and a data storage area.
  • the stored program area can store an operating system, at least one application program required for a function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.).
  • the storage data area may store data created during use of the electronic device 100 (such as audio data, phone book, etc.).
  • the internal memory 121 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, universal flash storage (UFS), etc.
  • the processor 110 executes various functional applications and data processing of the electronic device 100 by executing instructions stored in the internal memory 121 and/or instructions stored in a memory provided in the processor.
  • the audio module 170 is used to convert digital audio information into analog audio signal output, and is also used to convert analog audio input into digital audio signals. Audio module 170 may also be used to encode and decode audio signals. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 may be provided in the processor 110 , or some functional modules of the audio module 170 may be provided in the processor 110 . The electronic device 100 can, for example, play music, record music, etc. through the audio module 170 .
  • the audio module 170 may include a speaker, a receiver, a microphone, a headphone interface, and an application processor to implement audio functions.
  • the sensor module 180 may include a pressure sensor, a gyroscope sensor, an air pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an acceleration sensor, a distance sensor, a proximity light sensor, a fingerprint sensor, a temperature sensor, a touch sensor, an ambient light sensor, and a bone sensor. guidance sensor, etc.
  • Touch sensor also known as "touch device”.
  • the touch sensor can be disposed on the display screen 194, and the touch sensor and the display screen 194 form a touch screen, which is also called a "touch screen”. Touch sensors are used to detect touches on or near them.
  • the touch sensor can pass the detected touch operation to the application processor to determine the touch event type.
  • Visual output related to the touch operation may be provided through display screen 194 .
  • the touch sensor may also be disposed on the surface of the electronic device 100 at a location different from that of the display screen 194 .
  • the buttons 190 include a power button, a volume button, etc.
  • Key 190 may be a mechanical key. It can also be a touch button.
  • the electronic device 100 may receive key inputs and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the electronic device 100 .
  • the motor 191 can generate vibration prompts.
  • the motor 191 can be used for vibration prompts for incoming calls and can also be used for touch vibration feedback.
  • the indicator 192 may be an indicator light, which may be used to indicate charging status, power changes, or may be used to indicate messages, missed calls, notifications, etc.
  • the SIM card interface 195 is used to connect a SIM card.
  • the SIM card can be connected to or separated from the electronic device 100 by inserting it into the SIM card interface 195 or pulling it out from the SIM card interface 195 .
  • the electronic device 100 can support 1 or N SIM card interfaces, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the software system of the electronic device 100 may adopt a layered architecture, an event-driven architecture, a microkernel architecture, a microservice architecture, or a cloud architecture.
  • the embodiment of this application takes the Android system with a layered architecture as an example to illustrate the software structure of the electronic device 100 .
  • the software system of the electronic device 100 may adopt a layered architecture, an event-driven architecture, a microkernel architecture, a microservice architecture, or a cloud architecture.
  • the embodiment of this application takes the Android system with a layered architecture as an example to illustrate the software structure of the electronic device 100 .
  • FIG. 4B is a software structure block diagram of the electronic device 100 according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the layered architecture divides the software into several layers, and each layer has clear roles and division of labor.
  • the layers communicate through software interfaces.
  • the Android system is divided into four layers, from top to bottom: application layer, application framework layer, Android runtime and system libraries, and kernel layer.
  • the application layer can include a series of application packages.
  • the application package can include navigation, application market, camera, calendar, music, gallery, map, call, video and other applications.
  • the application framework layer provides an application programming interface (API) and programming framework for applications in the application layer.
  • API application programming interface
  • the application framework layer includes some predefined functions.
  • the application framework layer can include activity management (AMS), window manager, phone manager, content provider, resource manager, view system, etc.
  • AMS activity management
  • window manager phone manager
  • content provider resource manager
  • view system etc.
  • the ActivityRecord corresponds to the background page of the first application (any application in the application layer of the electronic device 100), and the node relationship of each ActivityRecord corresponds to the relationship of each background page.
  • the background page includes page 1 and page 2, and in response to the user's operation on the interface displaying page 1, the electronic device 100 can display the interface of page 2, then the ActivityRecord corresponding to page 2 is a child node of the ActivityRecord corresponding to page 1.
  • the electronic device 100 determines the background page corresponding to the ActivityRecord through the AMS to complete the page jump.
  • a window manager is used to manage window programs.
  • the window manager can obtain the display size, determine whether there is a status bar, lock the screen, capture the screen, etc.
  • Content providers are used to store and retrieve data and make this data accessible to applications.
  • Said data can include videos, images, audio, calls made and received, browsing history and bookmarks, phone books, etc.
  • the view system includes visual controls, such as controls that display text, controls that display pictures, etc.
  • a view system can be used to build applications.
  • the display interface can be composed of one or more views.
  • a display interface including a text message notification icon may include a view for displaying text and a view for displaying pictures.
  • the phone manager is used to provide communication functions of the electronic device 100 .
  • call status management including connected, hung up, etc.
  • the resource manager provides various resources to applications, such as localized strings, icons, pictures, layout files, video files, etc.
  • the notification manager allows applications to display notification information in the status bar, which can be used to convey notification-type messages and can automatically disappear after a short stay without user interaction.
  • Android runtime includes core libraries and virtual machines. Android runtime is responsible for the scheduling and management of the Android system.
  • the core library contains two parts: one is the functional functions that need to be called by the Java language, and the other is the core library of Android.
  • the application layer and application framework layer run in virtual machines.
  • the virtual machine executes the java files of the application layer and application framework layer into binary files.
  • the virtual machine is used to perform object life cycle management, stack management, thread management, security and exception management, and garbage collection and other functions.
  • System libraries can include multiple functional modules. For example: surface manager (surface manager), media libraries (Media Libraries), three-dimensional graphics processing libraries (for example: OpenGL ES), two-dimensional graphics engines (for example: SGL), etc.
  • the surface manager is used to manage the display subsystem and provides the fusion of 2D and 3D layers for multiple applications.
  • the media library supports playback and recording of a variety of commonly used audio and video formats, as well as static image files, etc.
  • the media library can support a variety of audio and video encoding formats, such as: MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, PNG, etc.
  • the 3D graphics processing library is used to implement 3D graphics drawing, image rendering, composition, and layer processing.
  • 2D Graphics Engine is a drawing engine for 2D drawing.
  • the kernel layer is the layer between hardware and software.
  • the kernel layer contains at least display driver, camera driver, audio driver, and sensor driver.
  • the electronic device can manage each ActivityRecord based on the functional relationship between the pages corresponding to the ActivityRecord.
  • a tree-like functional relationship exists between various pages in the first application.
  • the first application can respond to different operations performed by the user on page 1 and open different pages corresponding to different operations. Then, the opened pages are all child node pages of page 1, and page 1 is the parent node page of each open page.
  • the electronic device in response to the user's operation of starting the first application, creates ActivityRecord 1 corresponding to the main page (such as page 1) of the first application.
  • the page displayed is the main page of the first application, and then in response to the user's operation on the main page, the electronic device can display other pages of the first application. Therefore, set ActivityRecord 1 corresponding to the main page of the first application as the root node ActivityRecord.
  • the electronic device determines that the user instructed to display page 2, then ActivityRecord 2 corresponding to page 2 can be created, and the node relationship between ActivityRecord 2 and ActivityRecord 1 is created as ActivityRecord 2 is ActivityRecord child node of 1. Afterwards, in response to the user's operation on page 2, the electronic device determines that the user instructed to display page 3, then ActivityRecord 3 corresponding to page 3 can be created, and the node relationship between ActivityRecord 3 and ActivityRecord 2 is created as ActivityRecord 3 is a child node of ActivityRecord 2 .
  • the electronic device determines that the user instructed to display page 4, then ActivityRecord 4 corresponding to page 4 can be created, and the node relationship between ActivityRecord 4 and ActivityRecord 3 is created as ActivityRecord 4 is a child node of ActivityRecord 3 . Then, the electronic device can complete the creation of the node relationship of each node on the branch of ActivityRecord 1-ActivityRecord 2-ActivityRecord 3-ActivityRecord 4 in the ActivityRecord tree structure according to the order in which the pages are opened (corresponding to the functional relationship of each page).
  • the electronic device determines that the user instructed to display page 5, then ActivityRecord 5 corresponding to page 5 can be created, and the node relationship between ActivityRecord 5 and ActivityRecord 2 is created as ActivityRecord 5 Is the child node of ActivityRecord 2. Then, the electronic device can complete the creation of the node relationship of each node on the branch of ActivityRecord 1-ActivityRecord 2-ActivityRecord 5 in the ActivityRecord tree structure according to the order in which the pages are opened (corresponding to the functional relationship of each page).
  • the electronic device determines that the user instructed to display page 6, then ActivityRecord 6 corresponding to page 6 can be created, and the node relationship between ActivityRecord 6 and ActivityRecord 1 is created as ActivityRecord 6 It is the child node of ActivityRecord 1.
  • the electronic device determines that the user instructed to display page 7, then ActivityRecord 7 corresponding to page 7 can be created, and the node relationship between ActivityRecord 7 and ActivityRecord 6 is created, and ActivityRecord 7 is a child node of ActivityRecord 6. .
  • the electronic device can complete the creation of the node relationship of each node on the branch of ActivityRecord 1-ActivityRecord 6-ActivityRecord 7 in the ActivityRecord tree structure according to the order in which the pages are opened (corresponding to the functional relationship of each page).
  • ActivityRecord 1 is a node in the ActivityRecord level 0 of the tree structure
  • ActivityRecord 2 and ActivityRecord 6 are nodes in the ActivityRecord level 1 of the tree structure
  • ActivityRecord 2, ActivityRecord 5, and 7 are The node in the ActivityRecord level 2 of the tree structure
  • ActivityRecord 4 is the node in the ActivityRecord level 3 of the tree structure.
  • level 0 is the highest level and level 3 is the lowest level.
  • the number of corresponding ActivityRecord levels is different, and the number of ActivityRecord in each level is different.
  • one parent node ActivityRecord can correspond to one or more child node ActivityRecord, and one child node ActivityRecord only corresponds to one parent node ActivityRecord. That is to say, one or more child node ActivityRecord may be created from a parent node ActivityRecord, and returned by a child node ActivityRecord, it can only be returned to a parent node ActivityRecord corresponding to the child node ActivityRecord. However, in response to user instructions to jump to a page, jumps can be implemented between any ActivityRecords in the tree structure.
  • the electronic device displays the home page of the first application on the interface 601 .
  • the main page is the background page.
  • the ActivityRecord corresponding to the main page created by the electronic device is ".ui.LauncherUI”.
  • the electronic device displays the interface 602 as shown in (b) of Figure 6A.
  • the electronic device displays the display content of the first application main page that is not displayed on the interface 601, such as the news chat bar 62.
  • the interface corresponds to the current display window of the electronic device.
  • the electronic device displays interface 601.
  • the page corresponds to the display content in the electronic device display interface.
  • interface 601 and interface 602 both correspond to the main page of the first application.
  • AMS manages application background pages by managing ActivityRecord. Different pages correspond to different ActivityRecords, and the same page corresponds to the same ActivityRecord.
  • interface 601 and interface 602 both correspond to the main page of the first application, and the main page corresponds to ".ui. LauncherUI".
  • the electronic device detects the user's click on the news chat bar 62 and determines that the user has instructed to open the news page.
  • the electronic device can create an ActivityRecord node corresponding to the news page. , such as ".plugin.readerapp.ui.ReaderAppUI".
  • the electronic device can set the ActivityRecord corresponding to the news page to correspond to the focus window, and display the interface 603 shown in (c) in Figure 6A.
  • the interface 603 is used to display the news page.
  • the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the news page is a child node of the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the main page.
  • the electronic device can open different pages.
  • the electronic device detects the user's click on the setting control 63 and determines that the user has instructed to open the setting page.
  • the electronic device can create an ActivityRecord node corresponding to the setting page through AMS. Such as ".plugin.webview.ui.tools.ContactInfoUI".
  • the electronic device can set the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the setting page to correspond to the focus window, and display the interface 604 as shown in (b) of Figure 6B.
  • the interface 604 is used to display the setting page.
  • the electronic device detects the user's click on the news video control 64 and determines that the user has instructed to open the news video page.
  • the electronic device can create a news video page through AMS.
  • the corresponding ActivityRecord node such as ".plugin.webview.ui.tools.WebviewMpUI”.
  • the electronic device can set the ActivityRecord corresponding to the news video page to correspond to the focus window, and display the interface 605 as shown in (c) in Figure 6B.
  • the interface 605 is used to display the news video page.
  • the electronic device detects the user's click on the news browsing control 65 and determines that the user has instructed to open the news browsing page.
  • the electronic device can create a corresponding news browsing page through AMS.
  • ActivityRecord node such as ".plugin.profile.ui.WebviewUI”.
  • the electronic device can set the ActivityRecord corresponding to the news browsing page to correspond to the focus window, and display the interface 606 as shown in (d) in Figure 6B.
  • the interface 606 is used to display the news browsing page.
  • the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the setting page, the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the news video page, and the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the news browsing page are at the same level, and are all child nodes of the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the news page.
  • a page management interface may be displayed, and the page management interface is used to display cards corresponding to background pages that have been opened by the first application.
  • the electronic device may display the first application page corresponding to the card selected by the user.
  • the pages for which AMS has created ActivityRecord include the main page, news page, news video page, settings page, and news browsing page, that is, these pages are backgrounds.
  • the ActivityRecord corresponding to the news video page corresponds to the focus window.
  • the electronic device displays the news video page.
  • the electronic device detects the user's long press operation on the display screen and determines that the user instructs to jump to the page. After the electronic device determines the created ActivityRecord through the AMS, it can determine the page corresponding to the created ActivityRecord. As shown in (b) of Figure 9, the electronic device displays a page management interface 902, and the card corresponding to the background page of the created ActivityRecord is displayed on the page management interface 902, including the card corresponding to the page currently displayed by the electronic device, such as news video News video card 91 corresponding to the page.
  • the electronic device detects the user's operation of clicking on the home page card 92 displayed on the page management interface 902, and can determine that the user instructs to jump to display the home page.
  • the electronic device sets the ActivityRecord corresponding to the main page to correspond to the focus window, and then the electronic device can display the interface 903 as shown in (c) of Figure 9.
  • the interface 903 is used to display the third The main page of an application.
  • the electronic device manages the ActivityRecord through the tree structure, and the user can jump to the page in the first application with only simple operations. Moreover, during the page jump process, the electronic device does not need to re-create the ActivityRecord corresponding to the background page. Compared with the existing technology, the electronic device destroys all background pages and the corresponding ActivityRecord, resulting in the loss of page information. Subsequent users can only reopen the pages in sequence, and the electronic device also needs to re-create the corresponding ActivityRecord.
  • the page management method provided by the embodiment of the present application can effectively reduce the difficulty of user operations and improve page jump efficiency.
  • the electronic device queries the ActivityRecord corresponding to the main page through the AMS, it sets the ActivityRecord as the focus window, and uses the shortcut mark to mark the ActivityRecord as the focus window.
  • other service modules such as window display modules, etc.
  • they can directly determine the ActivityRecord as the focus window through the shortcut mark, instead of having to determine whether the ActivityRecord corresponds to the focus window in sequence according to the node relationship in the ActivityRecord tree structure. window, thereby improving the operating performance of electronic equipment.
  • Other implementation methods such as copying ActivityRecord for calling by other service modules, can also be used as embodiments of this application.
  • the operation of the user instructing to jump to the page may also include other operations, such as double-click operation, triple-click operation, knuckle click, operation of preset controls, etc.
  • This application does not impose specific restrictions on this.
  • multiple cards on the page management interface are displayed according to the preset display mode. For example, as shown in the page management interface 902, multiple cards are displayed overlapping horizontally. Alternatively, multiple cards can be displayed side by side horizontally, or multiple cards can be displayed tiled on the page management interface.
  • the electronic device system provides a process for recording application usage.
  • the process can record the opening or closing of the application page, the opening sequence, the number of jumps, etc.
  • the electronic device determines to display the page management interface, it can obtain the page status through this process, and arrange and display the multiple cards corresponding to the page in various orders such as time order and user page jump frequency order.
  • the electronic device can horizontally overlap and display the home page card 92 corresponding to the main page, the news card 93 corresponding to the news page, and the news video card corresponding to the news video page on the page management interface 902 from left to right according to the order in which the pages are opened. 91.
  • the page management interface shown in the accompanying drawings refers to the interface displayed on the touch screen within the frame of the electronic device.
  • the part of the card within the frame of the electronic device can be displayed by the touch screen of the electronic device.
  • the card The part outside the frame of the electronic device cannot be displayed by the touch screen of the mobile phone.
  • the electronic device determines that the background page only includes the currently displayed page. Then, after detecting the user's operation of instructing to jump to a page, the electronic device may display prompt information to remind the user that the first application has no running page recently.
  • the electronic device determines that the background page includes multiple pages. Then, the electronic device can display multiple cards corresponding to multiple pages in the above manner. Optionally, if the current page management interface cannot display all the cards corresponding to the background page, the electronic device can display some cards, and then in response to the user's operation, the electronic device displays the remaining hidden cards.
  • the electronic device displays the page management interface 1001 as shown in (a) of Figure 10 .
  • the electronic device displays cards corresponding to three background pages, such as the home page card 101 corresponding to the main page, the news card 102 corresponding to the news page, and the news video card 103 corresponding to the news video page.
  • the page management interface 1002 as shown in (b) of Figure 10 can be displayed. Cards corresponding to the remaining two background pages that are not displayed, such as the settings card 105 and the news browsing card 106 corresponding to the settings page.
  • the electronic device in response to user operations, can close one or more background pages. Thereby closing background pages that users no longer need and reducing memory usage. Moreover, it also reduces the difficulty for users to find the cards corresponding to the required backend page when there are too many cards.
  • the electronic device may destroy the ActivityRecord corresponding to the closed page and the associated ActivityRecord, or may not destroy the corresponding ActivityRecord after closing one or more background pages.
  • destroying ActivityRecord please refer to the details of the relevant embodiments below, and will not be described again here.
  • the electronic device displays the home page card 101 , the news card 102 , and the news video card 103 on the page management interface 1101 .
  • the electronic device detects the user's upward sliding operation on the news video card 103 in the direction indicated by arrow 111, and can close the news video page corresponding to the news video card 103 and display the interface 1102 as shown in (b) of Figure 11.
  • the home page card 101, the news card 102, and the settings card 105 are displayed, and the closed news video card 103 is no longer displayed.
  • users can also close the page on the page management interface through other methods. For example, if the electronic device displays a close control on the card, in response to the user clicking the close control, the electronic device can close the card where the close control is located and the corresponding page.
  • the electronic device can directly exit the first application after closing all background pages of the first application.
  • the electronic device closes all background pages of the first application and does not include the pages displayed before the electronic device detects the user's instruction to jump to the page. Then, in response to the user clicking on the clear control 121, the electronic device may display the interface 1202 as shown in (b) of Figure 12.
  • the interface 1202 is used to display the news video page of the first application (that is, when the electronic device is displaying the news video page During the process, the user's instruction to jump to the page was detected).
  • the electronic device closes all background pages of the first application, excluding the main page of the first application. Then, in response to the user's operation of clicking the clear control 121, the electronic device may display the interface 1203 as shown in (c) of Figure 12, and the interface 1203 is used to display the home page of the first application. In this way, it is convenient for the electronic device to continue to receive the user's operation on the first application.
  • the electronic device determines to close the currently displayed page. In the process of closing the currently displayed page, the electronic device can destroy the ActivityRecord corresponding to the current page through the AMS, and destroy the child node ActivityRecord of the ActivityRecord corresponding to the current page according to the ActivityRecord node relationship.
  • the electronic device displays interface 1301 as shown in (a) of Figure 13 , and interface 1301 is used to display the news page of the first application.
  • the electronic device determines that the user has instructed to return to the previous page.
  • the electronic device determines through the AMS that the ActivityRecord corresponding to the current news page corresponds to the focus window.
  • the electronic device determines that the parent node of the ActivityRecord corresponding to the news page is the main page.
  • the corresponding ActivityRecord determines that the page to be displayed is the main page.
  • the electronic device destroys the ActivityRecord corresponding to the news page.
  • the ActivityRecord corresponding to the news page is the parent node ActivityRecord of the ActivityRecord corresponding to the settings page, the ActivityRecord corresponding to the news video page, and the ActivityRecord corresponding to the news browsing page. Then, while destroying the ActivityRecord corresponding to the news page , according to the node relationship, its child nodes will also be destroyed, such as destroying the ActivityRecord corresponding to the settings page, the ActivityRecord corresponding to the news video page, and the ActivityRecord corresponding to the news browsing page.
  • the electronic device after the electronic device responds to the user's operation and returns to the previous page, it can destroy the background page of the first application and the corresponding ActivityRecord that the user no longer needs to display on the electronic device, thereby reducing memory usage.
  • the electronic device in response to the user's instruction to jump to the page, after the electronic device displays the jump page, the page before the jump and the corresponding ActivityRecord will not be destroyed. In this way, it is convenient for the user to instruct the electronic device to jump to the page again.
  • returning to the previous page is used to mean returning to the parent node page of the currently displayed page. Therefore, after returning to the previous page, the electronic device can destroy the currently displayed page and the child node pages of the currently displayed page. In other examples, the electronic device jumps and displays between multiple pages in response to user operations, and the page previously displayed by the electronic device can also be represented as the previous page. Then, if the electronic device jumps back to display the previous page, it does not need to destroy the page before the jump.
  • the electronic device determines to close the currently displayed page. In the process of closing the currently displayed page, the electronic device does not need to destroy the corresponding ActivityRecord.
  • the electronic device determines that the user has instructed to return to the previous page.
  • the electronic device determines through the AMS that the ActivityRecord corresponding to the current news page corresponds to the focus window, and the parent node ActivityRecord of the ActivityRecord corresponding to the news page is the ActivityRecord corresponding to the main page, which can determine the display of user operation instructions. home page.
  • the electronic device can set the ActivityRecord corresponding to the main page to correspond to the focus window, and the electronic device can display the interface 1302 as shown in (b) in Figure 13.
  • the interface 1302 is used to display the third The main page of an application.
  • the focus window of the electronic device corresponds to the ActivityRecord corresponding to the home page.
  • the electronic device displays the home page of the first application in the interface 1501. During the process of the electronic device displaying the main page, the user may need the electronic device to jump to display the background pages of other first applications. If the electronic device detects the user's long press operation on the display screen on the interface 1501, it can determine the background page through the AMS and display the page management interface 1502 as shown in (b) of Figure 15A.
  • the electronic device detects the user's operation of clicking the setting card 151 on the page management interface 1502, determines that the setting card 151 corresponds to the setting page in the background page, and sets the corresponding setting page as shown in (c) in Figure 14B through AMS.
  • ActivityRecord corresponds to the focus window, and the electronic device can display the interface 1503 as shown in (c) in Figure 15A.
  • the interface 1503 is used to display the setting page of the first application. Thereby, it is possible to directly jump from the main page of the first application to display the setting page of the first application, thereby meeting the user's page jump requirements.
  • the electronic device destroys the relevant ActivityRecord in response to the user's operation of returning to the previous page or closing the page
  • the electronic device in the interface 1504 shown in (a) in Figure 15B, the electronic device During the process of displaying the main page of the first application, the user's long press operation on the display screen is detected.
  • the electronic device determines through the AMS that the background page of the first application only includes the main page, then the electronic device can display interface 1505 as shown in (b) in Figure 15B to prompt the user for the first application
  • the electronic device can create an ActivityRecord corresponding to the new page.
  • the electronic device may determine whether the number of ActivityRecords in the level corresponding to the newly created ActivityRecord will be greater than the threshold 1 if the ActivityRecord is newly created. If so, the electronic device can destroy part of the ActivityRecord through AMS according to the preset rule 1.
  • preset rule 1 includes, for example, destroying the ActivityRecord node with the lowest weight among all paths from the root node to each ActivityRecord in the corresponding hierarchy of the newly created ActivityRecord.
  • the weight of the ActivityRecord node can be determined based on the number of visits to the ActivityRecord node and the most recent access time. For example, the fewer times the ActivityRecord node is accessed, the lower the weight; the earlier the ActivityRecord node was recently accessed, the lower the weight.
  • the number of paths where the ActivityRecord node is located is one or more, and the sum of the corresponding weights of the ActivityRecord node on each path is the final weight sum of the ActivityRecord node.
  • the electronic device detects the user's operation of clicking the discovery control 161, and determines that the user instructs to display the circle of friends page.
  • the electronic device determines the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the main page currently used as the focus window through AMS, and its child node ActivityRecord does not include the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the circle of friends page.
  • AMS determines whether the number of ActivityRecord nodes is greater than the threshold 1 if a new ActivityRecord node is added in the sub-node level of the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the main page.
  • threshold 1 is 5, as shown in Figure 17 (a), the sub-node level of the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the main page only includes the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the news page. It can be seen that after adding an ActivityRecord node to this level, the ActivityRecord The number of nodes is 2, which is not greater than the threshold of 1. Then, as shown in (b) in Figure 17, AMS creates the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the circle of friends page, such as ".plugin.sns.ui.SnsTimeLineUI", and establishes the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the circle of friends page and the ActivityRecord corresponding to the main page. Node relationships of nodes.
  • the electronic device sets the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the circle of friends page through the AMS to correspond to the focus window, and the electronic device displays interface 1602 as shown in (b) of Figure 16.
  • the interface 1602 is used to display the circle of friends page.
  • the electronic device may also determine whether the total number of ActivityRecords will be greater than the threshold 2 if a new ActivityRecord is created. If so, the electronic device can destroy part of the ActivityRecord through AMS according to preset rule 2.
  • the preset rule 2 includes, for example, determining the ActivityRecord node with the lowest sum of weights in all paths based on the node relationship of the ActivityRecord tree structure, and destroying the ActivityRecord node with the lowest sum of weights. Or, destroy the ActivityRecord node with the lowest weight in the path of each ActivityRecord node in the lowest level.
  • the ActivityRecord node can be destroyed directly.
  • the electronic device in response to the user's operation, can create and manage the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the newly opened page. Moreover, by destroying ActivityRecord nodes corresponding to pages that are not frequently used, it reduces the difficulty of ActivityRecord node management, reduces the number of cards displayed on the page management interface, and reduces the difficulty of user page jumps.
  • the electronic device can turn on or off an application page management function in response to a user operation.
  • the application page management function is used to manage the tree structure of the background page of the application.
  • the AMS of the electronic device manages the page of the first application through a tree structure.
  • the application page management function is turned off, the AMS of the electronic device manages the page of the first application through a stack. In this way, users' personalized needs for application page management methods are met and the user experience is improved.
  • the electronic device detects the user's click on the application page management control 181, and displays the application page management setting interface 1802 shown in (b) of Figure 18.
  • the electronic device can turn on or off the application page management function to manage the background page of the application according to the corresponding application page management method.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic flowchart of a page management method provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 19, the method includes the following steps.
  • the electronic device displays the page management interface in response to the user's first operation.
  • the first interface is used to display the first page of the first application
  • the page management interface is used to display multiple cards corresponding to multiple background pages of the first application.
  • the multiple background pages include the first page.
  • the first operation includes, for example, one or more of a long press operation, a double-click operation, a triple-click operation, a knuckle click, and an operation on a preset control.
  • the AMS of the electronic device manages the pages of the first application through a tree structure management method to realize jumping back and forth between multiple pages for display. That is, the user can perform parallel operations on multiple pages of the first application.
  • the electronic device may display a settings page, a news video page, or a news browsing page in response to different operations by the user.
  • the electronic device The AMS of the device manages the news page, setting page, news video page, and news browsing page of the first application through a tree structure management method according to the page relationship of each page of the first application.
  • the news page is the parent node page of the settings page, news video page, and news browsing page, and the settings page, news video page, and news browsing page are at the same node level.
  • the electronic device before the electronic device displays the first interface and displays the page management interface in response to the user's first operation, the electronic device has already displayed the second interface, and the plurality of background pages include the second page. . Then, in response to the user's first operation, the electronic device displays the card corresponding to the second page on the displayed page management interface.
  • the electronic device while the electronic device is displaying the news video page of the first application (such as the first page), it detects the user's long press operation on the display screen (ie, the first page). One operation), confirm that the user instructs the page to jump.
  • the electronic device can determine the background page of the first application through the AMS, for example, by determining the ActivityRecord to determine the background page of the first application. For example, the electronic device has already displayed the home page and news page before detecting the long press operation.
  • the electronic device can display the page management interface 902 as shown in (b) of Figure 9, and display the news video page, the home page, and the news page on the page management interface 902. corresponding cards.
  • the page management interface is used to display multiple cards corresponding to multiple background pages of the first application, including: the page management interface is configured to display multiple cards corresponding to multiple background pages of the first application in a preset display manner.
  • the default display method includes one or more of the following: multiple cards are displayed overlapping horizontally, multiple cards are displayed side by side horizontally, and multiple cards are displayed tiled on the page management interface.
  • the electronic device displays multiple cards corresponding to multiple pages of the first application in a horizontally overlapping manner.
  • the electronic device In response to the user's second operation on the first card among the plurality of cards on the page management interface, the electronic device displays a second interface, the second interface being used to display the second page of the first application corresponding to the first card. .
  • the electronic device detects the user's operation of clicking on the homepage card 92 among the multiple cards displayed on the page management interface 902, it can determine that the user has instructed to jump.
  • the main page corresponding to the home page card 92 is displayed.
  • the electronic device may display an interface 903 as shown in (c) of FIG. 9 .
  • the interface 903 is used to display the home page (such as the second page) of the first application corresponding to the home page card 92 .
  • the electronic device manages the ActivityRecord through the tree structure, and the user can jump to the page in the first application with only simple operations, which effectively reduces the difficulty of the user's operation and improves the efficiency of page jump.
  • the electronic device sets the first page corresponding to the first interface to correspond to the focus window. Thereafter, in response to the user's first operation on the first interface, while the electronic device displays the page management interface, and in response to the user's second operation on the first card among the plurality of cards on the page management interface, the electronic device sets After the second page corresponding to the first card corresponds to the focus window, the second interface is displayed, and the electronic device does not destroy the first page.
  • the electronic device when the electronic device displays the news video page, as shown in (a) of Figure 8, the electronic device sets the news video page to correspond to the focus window. Afterwards, in response to the user's first operation, the electronic device displays the page management interface 902 as shown in (b) of FIG. 9 , and in response to the user's operation of clicking the home page card 92 , as shown in (b) of FIG. 8 , the electronic device After setting the home page corresponding to the home page card 92 to correspond to the focus window, the home page as shown in (c) in Figure 9 can be displayed.
  • the electronic device will not destroy the news video page, so that the subsequent electronic device can also directly jump to display the news video page in response to the user's operation, thus avoiding The user also needs to instruct the electronic device to display the news page from the main page, and then instruct the electronic device to display the news video page, thereby reducing user operation difficulty.
  • the electronic device manages the page of the first application through the tree structure, realizes arbitrary jump display in the page of the first application, and can set any jump page to correspond to the focus window without destroying the page before the jump. page.
  • the electronic device manages the pages of the first application through a stack. Since only the page corresponding to the element at the top of the stack can be set to correspond to the focus window, the electronic device needs to sequentially destroy the pages in the stack that are to be set. For each ActivityRecord above the ActivityRecord corresponding to the page in the focus window, the page information corresponding to the destroyed ActivityRecord is lost. Subsequent users can only reopen the pages in sequence, and the electronic device also needs to re-create the corresponding ActivityRecord.
  • the page management method provided by the embodiment of the present application can effectively reduce user operation difficulty through the page management interface. Moreover, during the page jump process, after the electronic device sets the focus window, the page before the page jump will not be destroyed, and the corresponding page information will not be lost. In this way, if the subsequent electronic device jumps back to the original page in response to the user operation, page, there is no need to re-create the corresponding ActivityRecord, improving page jump efficiency.
  • the electronic device in response to the user indicating the third operation of returning to the parent node page on the second interface, switches Close the second page and display the third interface.
  • the third interface is used to display the parent node page of the node where the second page is located.
  • the electronic device displays a fourth interface, and the fourth interface is used to display the first The fourth page of the application; where the node level corresponding to the fourth page and the second page is n+1, the node level corresponding to the third page is n, and the third page is the parent node page of the fourth page and the second page, n is a natural number.
  • the electronic device in the process of displaying a news video page (such as the second page), the electronic device responds to the user's third operation and returns to the parent node page, such as the news page (such as the second page). three pages). Afterwards, in the process of displaying the news page, the electronic device displays the settings page (such as the fourth page) in response to the user's fourth operation. Then, in the scenario shown in (a) of Figure 8, the settings page and news video page correspond to node level 2, the news page corresponds to node level 1, and the main page corresponds to node level 0.
  • the electronic device destroys the second page and destroys the child node page of the node where the second page is located.
  • the electronic device returns to display the main page in response to the user's third operation. Then, as shown in (b) of Figure 14A, the electronic device destroys the news page, and destroys the sub-node pages of the news page, such as the settings page, news video page, and video browsing page.
  • Destroying the page includes, for example, closing the background page and destroying the ActivityRecord corresponding to the page, or no longer displaying the destroyed page on the page management interface.
  • the electronic device after the electronic device responds to the user's operation and returns to the parent node page, it can destroy the background page of the first application and the corresponding ActivityRecord that the user no longer needs to display on the electronic device, thereby reducing memory usage.
  • the electronic device in response to the user's fifth operation on the second interface, displays a fifth interface, the fifth interface is used to display a fifth page of the first application, and the fifth page is a sub-section of the second page. Node page.
  • the electronic device determines whether the number of pages at the node level where the fifth page is located is greater than the first threshold. If it is greater than the first threshold, the electronic device destroys the page at the node level where the fifth page is located and the sub-node page corresponding to the destroyed page according to the first preset method.
  • the first preset method includes destroying the page with the lowest sum of weights among the pages at the node level where the fifth page is located, and destroying the sub-node page corresponding to the page with the lowest sum of weights; wherein, the sum of weights is the sum of the weights of the electronic device according to the page.
  • the node access time and/or the number of node accesses are determined.
  • the electronic device detects the user's operation of clicking the discovery control 161, and determines that the user instructs to display the circle of friends page (as shown in Chapter 16). five pages).
  • the electronic device determines the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the main page currently used as the focus window through AMS, and its child node ActivityRecord does not include the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the circle of friends page.
  • AMS determines whether in the sub-node level of the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the main page, if a new ActivityRecord node is added, the number of ActivityRecord nodes is greater than the first threshold.
  • AMS creates an ActivityRecord node corresponding to the circle of friends page, such as ".plugin.sns.ui.SnsTimeLineUI", and establishes an ActivityRecord node corresponding to the circle of friends page and The node relationship of the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the main page.
  • the electronic device sets the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the circle of friends page through the AMS to correspond to the focus window, and the electronic device displays interface 1602 as shown in (b) of Figure 16.
  • the interface 1602 is used to display the circle of friends page.
  • the electronic device can destroy part of the ActivityRecord through the AMS according to the first preset method. After that, the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the circle of friends page is set to correspond to the focus window through AMS, and the interface 1602 shown in (b) of Figure 16 is displayed. The interface 1602 is used to display the circle of friends page.
  • the electronic device determines whether the number of background pages of the first application is greater than the second threshold. If it is greater than the second threshold, the electronic device destroys the page according to the second preset method.
  • the second preset method includes destroying the page with the lowest weight and the lowest sum among the background pages of the first application, and destroying the child node page corresponding to the page with the lowest weight and sum; or, the second preset method includes destroying the background page of the first application.
  • the middle node has the lowest level The page with the lowest weight sum among the pages; where the weight sum is determined by the electronic device based on the node access time and/or the number of node accesses corresponding to the page.
  • the electronic device in response to the user's operation, can create and manage the ActivityRecord node corresponding to the newly opened page. Moreover, by destroying ActivityRecord nodes corresponding to pages that are not frequently used, it reduces the difficulty of ActivityRecord node management, reduces the number of cards displayed on the page management interface, and reduces the difficulty of user page jumps.
  • the electronic device in response to the user's sixth operation of closing the second card on the page management interface, the electronic device does not display the second card, and destroys the sixth page corresponding to the second card and the child node pages of the sixth page. .
  • the sixth operation includes, for example, an upward swipe operation on the second card, an operation of clicking a preset control, etc.
  • the electronic device displays the home page card 101 , the news card 102 , and the news video card 103 on the page management interface 1101 .
  • the electronic device detects the user's upward sliding operation on the news video card 103 (such as the second card) in the direction indicated by the arrow 111, and can close the news video page corresponding to the news video card 103, as shown in (b) of Figure 11 Interface 1102.
  • the electronic device destroys the ActivityRecord of the news video page corresponding to the news video card 103 and the ActivityRecord of the sub-node page of the news video page through the AMS.
  • the electronic device responds to the user's operation by closing application background pages that the user no longer needs, thereby reducing memory usage. Moreover, it also reduces the difficulty for users to find the cards corresponding to the required backend page when there are too many cards.
  • the electronic device in response to the seventh operation of the user closing all cards on the page management interface, destroys all background pages of the first application.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 2000 may include: a display unit 2001, a transceiver unit 2002, and a processing unit 2003.
  • the electronic device 2000 may be used to implement the functions of the electronic device involved in the above method embodiments.
  • the display unit 2001 is used to support the electronic device 2000 to display interface content; and/or to support the electronic device 2000 to perform S1902 and S1902 in FIG. 19 .
  • the transceiver unit 2002 is used to support the electronic device 2000 to perform S1902 and S1902 in Figure 19.
  • the processing unit 2003 is used to support the electronic device 2000 in executing S1902 and S1902 in FIG. 19 .
  • the transceiver unit may include a receiving unit and a transmitting unit, may be implemented by a transceiver or a transceiver-related circuit component, and may be a transceiver or a transceiver module.
  • the operation and/or function of each unit in the electronic device 2000 is to implement the corresponding process of the page management method described in the above method embodiment. All relevant content of each step involved in the above method embodiment can be quoted to the corresponding functional unit. Function description, for the sake of brevity, will not be repeated here.
  • the electronic device 2000 shown in FIG. 20 may also include a storage unit (not shown in FIG. 20), in which programs or instructions are stored.
  • a storage unit not shown in FIG. 20
  • programs or instructions are stored.
  • the display unit 2001, the transceiver unit 2002, and the processing unit 2003 execute the program or instruction
  • the electronic device 2000 shown in FIG. 20 can execute the page management method described in the above method embodiment.
  • the technical solution provided by this application can also be a functional unit or chip in the electronic device, or a device used in conjunction with the electronic device.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a chip system, including: a processor, the processor is coupled to a memory, and the memory is used to store programs or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by the processor, the The chip system implements the method in any of the above method embodiments.
  • processors in the chip system there may be one or more processors in the chip system.
  • the processor can be implemented in hardware or via Software Implementation.
  • the processor may be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, or the like.
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor implemented by reading software code stored in memory.
  • the memory may be integrated with the processor or may be provided separately from the processor, which is not limited by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the memory may be a non-transient processor, such as a read-only memory ROM, which may be integrated with the processor on the same chip, or may be separately provided on different chips.
  • the embodiments of this application vary on the type of memory, and The arrangement of the memory and processor is not specifically limited.
  • the chip system may be a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or a system on chip (SoC). ), it can also be a central processor (central processor unit, CPU), a network processor (network processor, NP), a digital signal processing circuit (digital signal processor, DSP), or a microcontroller (micro controller unit, MCU), it can also be a programmable logic device (PLD) or other integrated chip.
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • SoC system on chip
  • CPU central processor unit, CPU
  • NP network processor
  • DSP digital signal processing circuit
  • microcontroller micro controller unit, MCU
  • PLD programmable logic device
  • each step in the above method embodiment can be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor or instructions in the form of software.
  • the method steps disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of this application can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium.
  • a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is run on a computer, it causes the computer to perform the above related steps to implement the above embodiments. page management method.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product.
  • the computer program product When the computer program product is run on a computer, it causes the computer to perform the above related steps to implement the page management method in the above embodiment.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a device.
  • the device may specifically be a component or module, and the device may include one or more connected processors and memories. Among them, memory is used to store computer programs. When the computer program is executed by one or more processors, the device is caused to execute the page management method in each of the above method embodiments.
  • the devices, computer-readable storage media, computer program products or chips provided by the embodiments of the present application are all used to execute the corresponding methods provided above. Therefore, the beneficial effects it can achieve can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods provided above, and will not be described again here.
  • the steps of the methods or algorithms described in connection with the disclosure of the embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware or by a processor executing software instructions.
  • Software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, and software modules can be stored in random access memory (random access memory, RAM), flash memory, read only memory (read only memory, ROM), erasable programmable read only memory (erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM, EEPROM), register, hard disk, removable hard disk, compact disc (CD-ROM) or any other form of storage media well known in the art.
  • An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium.
  • the storage medium can also be an integral part of the processor.
  • the processor and storage medium may be located in an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC).
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • the disclosed method can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of modules or units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation; for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored. or not executed.
  • the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of modules or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can be It can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.
  • Computer-readable storage media includes but is not limited to any of the following: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk, etc.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • magnetic disk or optical disk etc.
  • Various media that can store program code include but is not limited to any of the following: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk, etc.

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Abstract

本申请提供页面管理方法及电子设备，涉及终端技术领域。本申请根据页面关系管理第一应用的多个页面，实现页面间的灵活跳转显示，降低用户操作难度，提升用户使用体验。该方法包括：电子设备在显示第一界面的过程中，响应于用户操作显示页面管理界面，其中第一界面用于显示第一应用的第一页面，页面管理界面用于显示第一应用的多个后台页面对应的多张卡片，多个后台页面包括第一页面。之后响应于用户在页面管理界面上对多张卡片中第一卡片的操作，电子设备显示第二界面，该第二界面用于显示第一卡片对应的第一应用的第二页面。

Description

页面管理方法及电子设备
本申请要求于2022年08月16日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202210983472.8、发明名称为“页面管理方法及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及终端技术领域，尤其涉及一种页面管理方法及电子设备。
背景技术
目前，以栈的方式进行页面管理。比如，电子设备响应于用户打开应用的操作，创建应用主页面对应的一个活动记录(ActivityRecord)并压入栈中后，可显示应用主页面。之后，电子设备按照用户的操作顺序，依次生成不同页面对应的ActivityRecord并压入栈中，最后的用户操作指示生成的ActivityRecord成为栈顶元素，电子设备显示栈顶元素对应的页面。
那么，电子设备如需显示栈底元素对应的页面，就需要依次销毁位于栈底ActivityRecord上面的各个ActivityRecord。即用户需要通过多次返回操作，指示电子设备销毁相应的栈顶元素，才能够实现将栈底元素置顶，以显示原栈底元素对应的页面。
由于电子设备只能显示栈顶元素对应的页面，导致用户在页面切换过程中操作繁琐，影响用户使用体验。
发明内容
为了解决上述的技术问题，本申请实施例提供了一种页面管理方法及电子设备。本申请实施例提供的技术方案，根据页面关系管理第一应用的多个页面，实现页面间的灵活跳转显示，降低用户操作难度，提升用户使用体验。
为了实现上述的技术目的，本申请实施例提供了如下技术方案：
第一方面，提供一种页面管理方法。该方法包括：电子设备在显示第一界面的过程中，响应于用户的第一操作，显示页面管理界面；其中，所述第一界面用于显示第一应用的第一页面，所述页面管理界面用于显示所述第一应用的多个后台页面对应的多张卡片，所述多个后台页面包括所述第一页面。响应于用户在所述页面管理界面上对所述多张卡片中的第一卡片的第二操作，所述电子设备显示第二界面，所述第二界面用于显示所述第一卡片对应的所述第一应用的第二页面。
如此，电子设备根据页面关系管理第一应用的多个页面，用户只需简单的操作，即可在第一应用中实现页面的跳转，有效降低用户操作难度，并且提高页面跳转效率。
根据第一方面，在电子设备在显示第一界面的过程中，响应于用户的第一操作，显示页面管理界面之前，方法还包括：电子设备显示第二界面，多个后台页面包括第二页面。
可选的，电子设备在显示第一页面之前，已经通过AMS创建第二页面对应的ActivityRecord，并显示第二页面。因此，电子设备在显示第一页面的过程中，第二页面为第一应用的后台页面，电子设备在页面管理界面上显示的卡片包括第二页面对应的第一卡片。
如此，电子设备保留第一应用的后台页面对应的ActivityRecord，实现在多个后台页面之间跳转显示。
根据第一方面，或者以上第一方面的任意一种实现方式，方法还包括：响应于用户在第二界面上指示返回父节点页面的第三操作，电子设备关闭第二页面，显示第三界面，第三界面用于显示第二页面所在节点的父节点页面。
根据第一方面，或者以上第一方面的任意一种实现方式，第二页面的父节点页面为第三页面，方法还包括：响应于用户在第三界面上指示显示子节点页面的第四操作，电子设备显示第四界面，第四界面用于显示第一应用的第四页面；其中，第四页面和第二页面对应的节点层级为n+1，第三页面对应的节点层级为n，第三页面为第四页面和第二页面的父节点页面，n为自然数。
可选的，电子设备的活动服务管理AMS通过树状结构管理方式管理第一应用的页面。根据第一应用的页面关系，一个父节点页面可对应于一个或多个子节点页面，一个子节点页面对应于一个父节点页面。
根据第一方面，或者以上第一方面的任意一种实现方式，方法还包括：电子设备销毁第二页面，以及销毁第二页面所在节点的子节点页面。
如此，电子设备响应于用户操作，返回父节点页面后，可将用户不再需要电子设备显示的第一应用的后台页面及对应的ActivityRecord销毁，从而降低内存的占用。
根据第一方面，或者以上第一方面的任意一种实现方式，方法还包括：响应于用户在第二界面上的第五操作，电子设备显示第五界面，第五界面用于显示第一应用的第五页面，第五页面为第二页面的子节点页面。
根据第一方面，或者以上第一方面的任意一种实现方式，方法还包括：电子设备在创建第五页面后，确定第五页面所在节点层级的页面数量是否大于第一阈值。若大于第一阈值，电子设备按照第一预设方法销毁第五页面所在节点层级的页面及对应于销毁页面的子节点页面。
根据第一方面，或者以上第一方面的任意一种实现方式，第一预设方法包括销毁第五页面所在节点层级的页面中权重和最低的页面，以及销毁对应于权重和最低的页面对应的子节点页面；其中，权重和为电子设备根据页面对应的节点访问时间、和/或节点访问次数确定。
根据第一方面，或者以上第一方面的任意一种实现方式，方法还包括：电子设备在创建第五页面后，确定第一应用的后台页面数量是否大于第二阈值。若大于第二阈值，电子设备按照第二预设方法销毁页面。
根据第一方面，或者以上第一方面的任意一种实现方式，第二预设方法包括销毁第一应用的后台页面中权重和最低的页面，以及销毁权重和最低的页面对应的子节点页面；或者，第二预设方法包括销毁第一应用的后台页面中节点层级最低的页面中权重和最低的页面；其中，权重和为电子设备根据页面对应的节点访问时间、和/或节点访问次数确定。
根据第一方面，或者以上第一方面的任意一种实现方式，方法还包括：响应于用户在页面管理界面上关闭第二卡片的第六操作，电子设备不显示第二卡片，并销毁第二卡片对应的第六页面以及第六页面的子节点页面。
如此，响应于用户操作，电子设备可创建新打开页面对应的ActivityRecord节点并管理。并且，通过销毁不经常使用的页面对应的ActivityRecord节点，降低ActivityRecord节点管理难度，以及降低页面管理界面上显示的卡片数量，降低用户页面跳转难度。
根据第一方面，或者以上第一方面的任意一种实现方式，方法还包括：响应于用户在页面管理界面上关闭所有卡片的第七操作，电子设备销毁第一应用的全部后台页面。
如此，电子设备响应于用户操作，关闭用户不再需要的应用后台页面，降低内存占用。并且，也降低了卡片数量过多时，用户查找所需的后台页面对应的卡片的难度。
根据第一方面，或者以上第一方面的任意一种实现方式，页面管理界面用于显示第一应用的多个后台页面对应的多张卡片，包括：页面管理界面用于按照预设显示方式显示第一应用的多个后台页面对应的多张卡片，预设显示方式包括如下一项或几项：多张卡片横向交叠显示，多张卡片横向并列显示，多张卡片在页面管理界面上平铺显示。
如此，电子设备实现在页面管理界面上灵活的显示第一应用的多个后台页面，满足用户的使用需求，提升用户的使用体验。
根据第一方面，或者以上第一方面的任意一种实现方式，方法还包括：电子设备在显示第一界面的过程中，设置第一界面对应的第一页面对应于焦点窗口。
根据第一方面，或者以上第一方面的任意一种实现方式，响应于用户在页面管理界面上对多张卡片中的第一卡片的第二操作，电子设备显示第二界面，包括：响应于用户在页面管理界面上对多张卡片中的第一卡片的第二操作，电子设备设置第一卡片对应的第二页面对应于焦点窗口后，显示第二界面。
根据第一方面，或者以上第一方面的任意一种实现方式，在电子设备设置第一卡片对应的第二页面对应于焦点窗口之后，方法还包括：电子设备不销毁第一页面。
如此，电子设备通过树状结构管理第一应用的页面，实现在第一应用的页面中任意跳转显示，并且可将任意跳转页面设置为对应于焦点窗口，并不会销毁跳转前的页面。相比于现有技术中，电子设备通过栈的方式管理第一应用的页面，由于只能将栈顶元素对应的页面设置为对应于焦点 窗口，因此电子设备需要依次销毁栈中位于该待设置为焦点窗口的页面对应的ActivityRecord之上的各个ActivityRecord，导致被销毁的ActivityRecord对应的页面信息丢失，后续用户只能重新依次打开页面，电子设备也需要重新创建相应的ActivityRecord。本申请实施例提供的页面管理方法，通过页面管理界面能够有效降低用户操作难度。并且，在页面跳转过程中，电子设备设置焦点窗口后，不会销毁页面跳转前的页面，那么相应的页面信息也就不会丢失，这样后续电子设备如响应于用户操作跳转回原页面，也无需再重新创建对应的ActivityRecord，提高页面跳转效率。
第二方面，提供一种电子设备。该电子设备包括：处理器、存储器和显示屏，存储器和显示屏与处理器耦合，存储器用于存储计算机程序代码，计算机程序代码包括计算机指令，当处理器从存储器中读取计算机指令，使得电子设备执行：电子设备在显示第一界面的过程中，响应于用户的第一操作，显示页面管理界面；其中，所述第一界面用于显示第一应用的第一页面，所述页面管理界面用于显示所述第一应用的多个后台页面对应的多张卡片，所述多个后台页面包括所述第一页面。响应于用户在所述页面管理界面上对所述多张卡片中的第一卡片的第二操作，所述电子设备显示第二界面，所述第二界面用于显示所述第一卡片对应的所述第一应用的第二页面。
根据第二方面，在电子设备在显示第一界面的过程中，响应于用户的第一操作，显示页面管理界面之前，当处理器从存储器中读取计算机可读指令，还使得电子设备执行如下操作：电子设备显示第二界面，多个后台页面包括第二页面。
根据第二方面，或者以上第二方面的任意一种实现方式，当处理器从存储器中读取计算机可读指令，还使得电子设备执行如下操作：响应于用户在第二界面上指示返回父节点页面的第三操作，电子设备关闭第二页面，显示第三界面，第三界面用于显示第二页面所在节点的父节点页面。
根据第二方面，或者以上第二方面的任意一种实现方式，第二页面的父节点页面为第三页面，当处理器从存储器中读取计算机可读指令，还使得电子设备执行如下操作：响应于用户在第三界面上指示显示子节点页面的第四操作，电子设备显示第四界面，第四界面用于显示第一应用的第四页面；其中，第四页面和第二页面对应的节点层级为n+1，第三页面对应的节点层级为n，第三页面为第四页面和第二页面的父节点页面，n为自然数。
根据第二方面，或者以上第二方面的任意一种实现方式，当处理器从存储器中读取计算机可读指令，还使得电子设备执行如下操作：电子设备销毁第二页面，以及销毁第二页面所在节点的子节点页面。
根据第二方面，或者以上第二方面的任意一种实现方式，当处理器从存储器中读取计算机可读指令，还使得电子设备执行如下操作：响应于用户在第二界面上的第五操作，电子设备显示第五界面，第五界面用于显示第一应用的第五页面，第五页面为第二页面的子节点页面。
根据第二方面，或者以上第二方面的任意一种实现方式，当处理器从存储器中读取计算机可读指令，还使得电子设备执行如下操作：电子设备在创建第五页面后，确定第五页面所在节点层级的页面数量是否大于第一阈值。若大于第一阈值，电子设备按照第一预设方法销毁第五页面所在节点层级的页面及对应于销毁页面的子节点页面。
根据第二方面，或者以上第二方面的任意一种实现方式，第一预设方法包括销毁第五页面所在节点层级的页面中权重和最低的页面，以及销毁对应于权重和最低的页面对应的子节点页面；其中，权重和为电子设备根据页面对应的节点访问时间、和/或节点访问次数确定。
根据第二方面，或者以上第二方面的任意一种实现方式，当处理器从存储器中读取计算机可读指令，还使得电子设备执行如下操作：电子设备在创建第五页面后，确定第一应用的后台页面数量是否大于第二阈值。若大于第二阈值，电子设备按照第二预设方法销毁页面。
根据第二方面，或者以上第二方面的任意一种实现方式，第二预设方法包括销毁第一应用的后台页面中权重和最低的页面，以及销毁权重和最低的页面对应的子节点页面；或者，第二预设方法包括销毁第一应用的后台页面中节点层级最低的页面中权重和最低的页面；其中，权重和为电子设备根据页面对应的节点访问时间、和/或节点访问次数确定。
根据第二方面，或者以上第二方面的任意一种实现方式，当处理器从存储器中读取计算机可读指令，还使得电子设备执行如下操作：响应于用户在页面管理界面上关闭第二卡片的第六操作，电子设备不显示第二卡片，并销毁第二卡片对应的第六页面以及第六页面的子节点页面。
根据第二方面，或者以上第二方面的任意一种实现方式，当处理器从存储器中读取计算机可读指令，还使得电子设备执行如下操作：响应于用户在页面管理界面上关闭所有卡片的第七操作，电子设备销毁第一应用的全部后台页面。
根据第二方面，或者以上第二方面的任意一种实现方式，页面管理界面用于显示第一应用的多个后台页面对应的多张卡片，包括：页面管理界面用于按照预设显示方式显示第一应用的多个后台页面对应的多张卡片，预设显示方式包括如下一项或几项：多张卡片横向交叠显示，多张卡片横向并列显示，多张卡片在页面管理界面上平铺显示。
根据第二方面，或者以上第二方面的任意一种实现方式，当处理器从存储器中读取计算机可读指令，还使得电子设备执行如下操作：子设备在显示第一界面的过程中，设置第一界面对应的第一页面对应于焦点窗口。
根据第二方面，或者以上第二方面的任意一种实现方式，响应于用户在页面管理界面上对多张卡片中的第一卡片的第二操作，电子设备显示第二界面，包括：响应于用户在页面管理界面上对多张卡片中的第一卡片的第二操作，电子设备设置第一卡片对应的第二页面对应于焦点窗口后，显示第二界面。
根据第二方面，或者以上第二方面的任意一种实现方式，当处理器从存储器中读取计算机可读指令，还使得电子设备执行如下操作：电子设备不销毁第一页面。
根据第二方面，或者以上第二方面的任意一种实现方式，当处理器从存储器中读取计算机可读指令，还使得电子设备执行如下操作：电子设备的活动服务管理AMS通过树状结构管理方式管理第一应用的页面。
第二方面以及第二方面中任意一种实现方式所对应的技术效果，可参见上述第一方面及第一方面中任意一种实现方式所对应的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种电子设备，该电子设备具有实现如上述第一方面及其中任一种可能的实现方式中所述的页面管理方法的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应地软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
第三方面以及第三方面中任意一种实现方式所对应的技术效果，可参见上述第一方面及第一方面中任意一种实现方式所对应的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质。计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序(也可称为指令或代码)，当该计算机程序被电子设备执行时，使得电子设备执行第一方面或第一方面中任意一种实施方式的方法。
第四方面以及第四方面中任意一种实现方式所对应的技术效果，可参见上述第一方面及第一方面中任意一种实现方式所对应的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机程序产品，当计算机程序产品在电子设备上运行时，使得电子设备执行第一方面或第一方面中任意一种实施方式的方法。
第五方面以及第五方面中任意一种实现方式所对应的技术效果，可参见上述第一方面及第一方面中任意一种实现方式所对应的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种电路系统，电路系统包括处理电路，处理电路被配置为执行第一方面或第一方面中任意一种实施方式的方法。
第六方面以及第六方面中任意一种实现方式所对应的技术效果，可参见上述第一方面及第一方面中任意一种实现方式所对应的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供一种芯片系统，包括至少一个处理器和至少一个接口电路，至少一个接口电路用于执行收发功能，并将指令发送给至少一个处理器，当至少一个处理器执行指令时，至少一个处理器执行第一方面或第一方面中任意一种实施方式的方法。
第七方面以及第七方面中任意一种实现方式所对应的技术效果，可参见上述第一方面及第一方面中任意一种实现方式所对应的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的ActivityRecord的进栈、出栈的示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的界面示意图一；
图3为本申请实施例提供的电子设备的形态示意图；
图4A为本申请实施例提供的电子设备的硬件结构示意图；
图4B为本申请实施例提供的电子设备的软件结构框图示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的ActivityRecord的树状结构示意图；
图6A为本申请实施例提供的界面示意图二；
图6B为本申请实施例提供的界面示意图三；
图7为本申请实施例提供的ActivityRecord节点关系示意图一；
图8为本申请实施例提供的ActivityRecord节点关系示意图二；
图9为本申请实施例提供的界面示意图四；
图10为本申请实施例提供的界面示意图五；
图11为本申请实施例提供的界面示意图六；
图12为本申请实施例提供的界面示意图七；
图13为本申请实施例提供的界面示意图八；
图14A为本申请实施例提供的ActivityRecord节点关系示意图三；
图14B为本申请实施例提供的ActivityRecord节点关系示意图四；
图15A为本申请实施例提供的界面示意图九；
图15B为本申请实施例提供的界面示意图十；
图16为本申请实施例提供的界面示意图十一；
图17为本申请实施例提供的ActivityRecord节点关系示意图五；
图18为本申请实施例提供的界面示意图十二；
图19为本申请实施例提供的页面管理方法流程图示意图；
图20为本申请实施例提供的电子设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。其中，在本申请实施例的描述中，以下实施例中所使用的术语只是为了描述特定实施例的目的，而并非旨在作为对本申请的限制。如在本申请的说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的那样，单数表达形式“一个”、“一种”、“所述”、“上述”、“该”和“这一”旨在包括例如“一个或多个”这种表达形式，除非其上下文中明确地有相反指示。还应当理解，在本申请以下各实施例中，“至少一个”、“一个或多个”是指一个或两个以上(包含两个)。
在本说明书中描述的参考“一个实施例”或“一些实施例”等意味着在本申请的一个或多个实施例中包括结合该实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特点。由此，在本说明书中的不同之处出现的语句“在一个实施例中”、“在一些实施例中”、“在其他一些实施例中”、“在另外一些实施例中”等不是必然都参考相同的实施例，而是意味着“一个或多个但不是所有的实施例”，除非是以其他方式另外特别强调。术语“包括”、“包含”、“具有”及它们的变形都意味着“包括但不限于”，除非是以其他方式另外特别强调。术语“连接”包括直接连接和间接连接，除非另外说明。“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。
在本申请实施例中，“示例性地”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请实施例中被描述为“示例性地”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例性地”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念。
在一些场景中，系统中绝大多数界面都属于活动(Activity)类型，通过监听Acticity的切换来监听界面的改变。所有Activity的调度都是在活动服务管理(activity manager service，AMS)中进行的，每一个Activity的运行都对应一个ActivityRecord，ActivityRecord保存在栈(即任务栈)中。因此，通过对栈的监听来实现对界面改变的监听，而栈的栈顶元素对应于电子设备的焦点窗口，即当前显示界面的窗口。其中，Activity是系统的常用组件之一，负责与用户的交互。
示例性的，电子设备检测到用户启动应用的操作后，创建应用主页面对应的ActivityRecord 1， 如图1中(a)所示将ActivityRecord 1压入栈中，ActivityRecord 1成为栈顶元素，电子设备可显示如图2中(a)所示界面201，界面201用于显示ActivityRecord 1对应的主页面。之后，电子设备检测到用户点击界面201上所示的新闻控件21的操作，确定用户指示打开新闻页面，可创建如图1中(b)所示的新闻页面对应的ActivityRecord 2并压入栈中，ActivityRecord 2成为栈顶元素，电子设备可显示如图2中(b)所示的界面202，界面202用于显示新闻页面。之后，电子设备检测到用户点击界面202上所示的新闻视频控件22的操作，确定用户指示打开新闻视频页面，可创建如图1中(c)所示的新闻视频页面对应的ActivityRecord 3并压入栈中，ActivityRecord 3成为栈顶元素，电子设备可显示如图2中(c)所示的界面203，界面203用于显示新闻视频页面。
用户在界面203上观看视频的过程中，如需要发送或查看信息，需要返回应用主页面。具体的，电子设备检测到用户点击界面203上显示的关闭控件23的操作后，确定用户指示关闭新闻视频页面，可销毁如图1中(c)所示的栈顶元素，如新闻视频页面对应的ActivityRecord 3，这样如图1中(d)所示ActivityRecord 2成为栈顶元素。之后，电子设备可显示ActivityRecord 2对应的新闻页面，如图2中(b)所示的界面202。之后，电子设备检测到用户点击界面202上所示的返回控件24的操作，确定用户指示关闭新闻页面，可销毁如图1中(d)所示的新闻页面对应的ActivityRecord 2，这样如图1中(e)所示ActivityRecord 1成为栈顶元素。之后，电子设备可显示ActivityRecord 1对应的主页面，如图2中(a)所示界面201，进而用户可在界面201上发送或查看信息。
也就是说，栈中的ActivityRecord的顺序就是按照ActivityRecord对应的页面被打开的顺序依次存放的，电子设备如需显示栈底元素对应的页面，就需要依次销毁位于栈底ActivityRecord上面的各个ActivityRecord。在这一过程中，用户需要按照页面打开顺序依次返回上一页面，直至栈底元素置顶，操作繁琐。
并且，ActivityRecord出栈后，相应的页面信息会被销毁。那么，下一次电子设备响应于用户操作，打开页面时，就需要重新创建相应的ActivityRecord，产生不必要的功耗。
由此，本申请实施例提供了一种页面管理方法，根据页面关系管理各个ActivityRecord，实现页面间的灵活跳转，降低用户操作难度，提升用户使用体验。
可选的，本申请实施例提供的页面管理方法，可以应用于电子设备100。例如，如图3所示，电子设备100具体可以是手机31、笔记本电脑32、平板电脑33、大屏显示设备34、可穿戴设备35(如智能手表，智能手环等)、车载设备36、超级移动个人计算机(ultra-mobile personal computer，UMPC)、上网本、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、人工智能(artificial intelligence，AI)设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)/虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备等终端设备。电子设备100安装的操作系统包括但不限于或者其它操作系统。本申请对电子设备100的具体类型、所安装的操作系统均不作限制。
示例性的，图4A示出了电子设备100的一种结构示意图。
电子设备100可以包括处理器110，外部存储器接口120，内部存储器121，通用串行总线(universal serial bus，USB)接口130，充电管理模块140，电源管理模块141，电池142，天线1，天线2，移动通信模块150，无线通信模块160，音频模块170，传感器模块180，按键190，马达191，指示器192，摄像头193，显示屏194，以及用户标识模块(subscriber identification module，SIM)卡接口195等。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例示意的结构并不构成对电子设备100的具体限定。在本申请另一些实施例中，电子设备100可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者拆分某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。图示的部件可以以硬件，软件或软件和硬件的组合实现。
处理器110可以包括一个或多个处理单元，例如：处理器110可以包括应用处理器(application processor，AP)，调制解调处理器，图形处理器(graphics processing unit，GPU)，图像信号处理器(image signal processor，ISP)，控制器，视频编解码器，数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)，基带处理器，和/或神经网络处理器(neural-network processing unit，NPU)等。其中，不同的处理单元可以是独立的器件，也可以集成在一个或多个处理器中。
处理器110中还可以设置存储器，用于存储指令和数据。在一些实施例中，处理器110中的 存储器为高速缓冲存储器。该存储器可以保存处理器110刚用过或循环使用的指令或数据。如果处理器110需要再次使用该指令或数据，可从所述存储器中直接调用。避免了重复存取，减少了处理器110的等待时间，因而提高了系统的效率。
USB接口130是符合USB标准规范的接口，具体可以是Mini USB接口，Micro USB接口，USB Type C接口等。USB接口130可以用于连接充电器为电子设备100充电，也可以用于电子设备100与外围设备之间传输数据。也可以用于连接耳机，通过耳机播放音频。该接口还可以用于连接其他电子设备，例如AR设备等。
充电管理模块140用于从充电器接收充电输入。其中，充电器可以是无线充电器，也可以是有线充电器。在一些有线充电的实施例中，充电管理模块140可以通过USB接口130接收有线充电器的充电输入。在一些无线充电的实施例中，充电管理模块140可以通过电子设备100的无线充电线圈接收无线充电输入。充电管理模块140为电池142充电的同时，还可以通过电源管理模块141为电子设备供电。
电源管理模块141用于连接电池142，充电管理模块140与处理器110。电源管理模块141接收电池142和/或充电管理模块140的输入，为处理器110，内部存储器121，显示屏194，摄像头193，和无线通信模块160等供电。电源管理模块141还可以用于监测电池容量，电池循环次数，电池健康状态(漏电，阻抗)等参数。在其他一些实施例中，电源管理模块141也可以设置于处理器110中。在另一些实施例中，电源管理模块141和充电管理模块140也可以设置于同一个器件中。
电子设备100的无线通信功能可以通过天线1，天线2，移动通信模块150，无线通信模块160，调制解调处理器以及基带处理器等实现。
天线1和天线2用于发射和接收电磁波信号。电子设备100中的每个天线可用于覆盖单个或多个通信频带。不同的天线还可以复用，以提高天线的利用率。例如：可以将天线1复用为无线局域网的分集天线。在另外一些实施例中，天线可以和调谐开关结合使用。
移动通信模块150可以提供应用在电子设备100上的包括2G/3G/4G/5G等无线通信的解决方案。移动通信模块150可以包括至少一个滤波器，开关，功率放大器，低噪声放大器(low noise amplifier，LNA)等。移动通信模块150可以由天线1接收电磁波，并对接收的电磁波进行滤波，放大等处理，传送至调制解调处理器进行解调。移动通信模块150还可以对经调制解调处理器调制后的信号放大，经天线1转为电磁波辐射出去。在一些实施例中，移动通信模块150的至少部分功能模块可以被设置于处理器110中。在一些实施例中，移动通信模块150的至少部分功能模块可以与处理器110的至少部分模块被设置在同一个器件中。
无线通信模块160可以提供应用在电子设备100上的包括无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)(如无线保真(wireless fidelity，Wi-Fi)网络)，蓝牙(bluetooth，BT)，全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system，GNSS)，调频(frequency modulation，FM)，近距离无线通信技术(near field communication，NFC)，红外技术(infrared，IR)等无线通信的解决方案。无线通信模块160可以是集成至少一个通信处理模块的一个或多个器件。无线通信模块160经由天线2接收电磁波，将电磁波信号调频以及滤波处理，将处理后的信号发送到处理器110。无线通信模块160还可以从处理器110接收待发送的信号，对其进行调频，放大，经天线2转为电磁波辐射出去。
在一些实施例中，电子设备100的天线1和移动通信模块150耦合，天线2和无线通信模块160耦合，使得电子设备100可以通过无线通信技术与网络以及其他设备通信。所述无线通信技术可以包括全球移动通讯系统(global system for mobile communications，GSM)，通用分组无线服务(general packet radio service，GPRS)，码分多址接入(code division multiple access，CDMA)，宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)，时分码分多址(time-division code division multiple access，TD-SCDMA)，长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)，BT，GNSS，WLAN，NFC，FM，和/或IR技术等。所述GNSS可以包括全球卫星定位系统(global positioning system，GPS)，全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system，GLONASS)，北斗卫星导航系统(beidou navigation satellite system，BDS)，准天顶卫星系统(quasi-zenith satellite system，QZSS)和/或星基 增强系统(satellite based augmentation systems，SBAS)。
电子设备100通过GPU，显示屏194，以及应用处理器等实现显示功能。GPU为图像处理的微处理器，连接显示屏194和应用处理器。GPU用于执行数学和几何计算，用于图形渲染。处理器110可包括一个或多个GPU，其执行程序指令以生成或改变显示信息。
显示屏194用于显示图像，视频等。显示屏194包括显示面板。显示面板可以采用液晶显示屏(liquid crystal display，LCD)，例如采用有机发光二极管(organic light-emitting diode，OLED)，有源矩阵有机发光二极体或主动矩阵有机发光二极体(active-matrix organic light emitting diode的，AMOLED)，柔性发光二极管(flex light-emitting diode，FLED)，Mini-led，Micro-led，Micro-oled，量子点发光二极管(quantum dot light emitting diodes，QLED)等生产制造。在一些实施例中，电子设备100可以包括1个或N个显示屏194，N为大于1的正整数。
在一些示例中，电子设备100响应于用户打开页面的操作，通过处理器110创建相应的ActivityRecord。之后，电子设备100根据待显示的页面和之前已经创建ActivityRecord的页面之间的关系，建立新创建的ActivityRecord和之前已经创建ActivityRecord的节点关系，并将全部ActivityRecord和节点关系保存在内部存储器121中。之后，电子设备100可在显示屏194上显示用户操作指示显示的页面。
在一些示例中，电子设备100配置的显示屏194为实体显示屏，电子设备100(如手机)，在显示屏194显示第一应用的过程中，响应于用户操作，可在显示屏194上显示第一应用的多个后台页面对应的卡片。之后，响应于用户在多张卡片中对第一卡片的操作，电子设备100可在显示屏194上显示第一卡片对应的页面。
在另一些示例中，电子设备100的显示屏194为虚拟显示屏，如电子设备100为AR/VR设备。可选的，虚拟显示屏同样适用于本申请实施例提供的方案。比如，电子设备100在通过虚拟显示屏显示第一应用的过程中，响应于用户操作，可在虚拟显示屏显示第一应用的多个后台页面对应的卡片。之后，响应于用户在多张卡片中选择第一卡片的操作，电子设备100可在虚拟显示屏上显示第一卡片对应的页面。
摄像头193用于捕获静态图像或视频。物体通过镜头生成光学图像投射到感光元件。感光元件可以是电荷耦合器件(charge coupled device，CCD)或互补金属氧化物半导体(complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor，CMOS)光电晶体管。感光元件把光信号转换成电信号，之后将电信号传递给ISP转换成数字图像信号。ISP将数字图像信号输出到DSP加工处理。DSP将数字图像信号转换成标准的RGB，YUV等格式的图像信号。在一些实施例中，电子设备100可以包括1个或N个摄像头193，N为大于1的正整数。
外部存储器接口120可以用于连接外部存储卡，例如Micro SD卡，实现扩展电子设备100的存储能力。外部存储卡通过外部存储器接口120与处理器110通信，实现数据存储功能。例如将音乐，视频等文件保存在外部存储卡中。
内部存储器121可以用于存储计算机可执行程序代码，所述可执行程序代码包括指令。内部存储器121可以包括存储程序区和存储数据区。其中，存储程序区可存储操作系统，至少一个功能所需的应用程序(比如声音播放功能，图像播放功能等)等。存储数据区可存储电子设备100使用过程中所创建的数据(比如音频数据，电话本等)等。此外，内部存储器121可以包括高速随机存取存储器，还可以包括非易失性存储器，例如至少一个磁盘存储器件，闪存器件，通用闪存存储器(universal flash storage，UFS)等。处理器110通过运行存储在内部存储器121的指令，和/或存储在设置于处理器中的存储器的指令，执行电子设备100的各种功能应用以及数据处理。
音频模块170用于将数字音频信息转换成模拟音频信号输出，也用于将模拟音频输入转换为数字音频信号。音频模块170还可以用于对音频信号编码和解码。在一些实施例中，音频模块170可以设置于处理器110中，或将音频模块170的部分功能模块设置于处理器110中。电子设备100可以通过音频模块170，例如音乐播放，录音等。音频模块170可以包括扬声器，受话器，麦克风，耳机接口，以及应用处理器等实现音频功能。
传感器模块180可以包括压力传感器，陀螺仪传感器，气压传感器，磁传感器，加速度传感器，距离传感器，接近光传感器，指纹传感器，温度传感器，触摸传感器，环境光传感器，骨传 导传感器等。
触摸传感器，也称“触控器件”。触摸传感器可以设置于显示屏194，由触摸传感器与显示屏194组成触摸屏，也称“触控屏”。触摸传感器用于检测作用于其上或附近的触摸操作。触摸传感器可以将检测到的触摸操作传递给应用处理器，以确定触摸事件类型。可以通过显示屏194提供与触摸操作相关的视觉输出。在另一些实施例中，触摸传感器也可以设置于电子设备100的表面，与显示屏194所处的位置不同。
按键190包括开机键，音量键等。按键190可以是机械按键。也可以是触摸式按键。电子设备100可以接收按键输入，产生与电子设备100的用户设置以及功能控制有关的键信号输入。
马达191可以产生振动提示。马达191可以用于来电振动提示，也可以用于触摸振动反馈。
指示器192可以是指示灯，可以用于指示充电状态，电量变化，也可以用于指示消息，未接来电，通知等。
SIM卡接口195用于连接SIM卡。SIM卡可以通过插入SIM卡接口195，或从SIM卡接口195拔出，实现和电子设备100的接触和分离。电子设备100可以支持1个或N个SIM卡接口，N为大于1的正整数。
电子设备100的软件系统可以采用分层架构，事件驱动架构，微核架构，微服务架构，或云架构。本申请实施例以分层架构的Android系统为例，示例性说明电子设备100的软件结构。
电子设备100的软件系统可以采用分层架构，事件驱动架构，微核架构，微服务架构，或云架构。本申请实施例以分层架构的Android系统为例，示例性说明电子设备100的软件结构。
图4B是本申请实施例的电子设备100的软件结构框图。
分层架构将软件分成若干个层，每一层都有清晰的角色和分工。层与层之间通过软件接口通信。在一些实施例中，将Android系统分为四层，从上至下分别为应用程序层，应用程序框架层，安卓运行时(Android runtime)和系统库，以及内核层。
应用程序层可以包括一系列应用程序包。
如图4B所示，应用程序包可以包括导航，应用市场，相机，日历，音乐，图库，地图，通话，视频等应用程序。
应用程序框架层为应用程序层的应用程序提供应用编程接口(application programming interface，API)和编程框架。应用程序框架层包括一些预先定义的函数。
如图4B所示，应用程序框架层可以包括活动管理(AMS)，窗口管理器，电话管理器，内容提供器，资源管理器，视图系统等。
AMS，用于管理ActivityRecord。可选的，ActivityRecord对应于第一应用(电子设备100应用程序层中的任一应用)的后台页面，各个ActivityRecord的节点关系对应于各个后台页面的关系。如后台页面包括页面1和页面2，响应于用户在显示页面1的界面上的操作，电子设备100可显示页面2的界面，那么页面2对应的ActivityRecord为页面1对应的ActivityRecord的子节点。
在一些示例中，响应于用户指示跳转页面的操作，电子设备100通过AMS确定ActivityRecord对应的后台页面，以完成页面跳转。
窗口管理器用于管理窗口程序。窗口管理器可以获取显示屏大小，判断是否有状态栏，锁定屏幕，截取屏幕等。
内容提供器用来存放和获取数据，并使这些数据可以被应用程序访问。所述数据可以包括视频，图像，音频，拨打和接听的电话，浏览历史和书签，电话簿等。
视图系统包括可视控件，例如显示文字的控件，显示图片的控件等。视图系统可用于构建应用程序。显示界面可以由一个或多个视图组成的。例如，包括短信通知图标的显示界面，可以包括显示文字的视图以及显示图片的视图。
电话管理器用于提供电子设备100的通信功能。例如通话状态的管理(包括接通，挂断等)。
资源管理器为应用程序提供各种资源，比如本地化字符串，图标，图片，布局文件，视频文件等等。
通知管理器使应用程序可以在状态栏中显示通知信息，可以用于传达告知类型的消息，可以短暂停留后自动消失，无需用户交互。
Android runtime包括核心库和虚拟机。Android runtime负责安卓系统的调度和管理。
核心库包含两部分：一部分是java语言需要调用的功能函数，另一部分是安卓的核心库。
应用程序层和应用程序框架层运行在虚拟机中。虚拟机将应用程序层和应用程序框架层的java文件执行为二进制文件。虚拟机用于执行对象生命周期的管理，堆栈管理，线程管理，安全和异常的管理，以及垃圾回收等功能。
系统库可以包括多个功能模块。例如：表面管理器(surface manager)，媒体库(Media Libraries)，三维图形处理库(例如：OpenGL ES)，二维图形引擎(例如：SGL)等。
表面管理器用于对显示子系统进行管理，并且为多个应用程序提供了2D和3D图层的融合。
媒体库支持多种常用的音频，视频格式回放和录制，以及静态图像文件等。媒体库可以支持多种音视频编码格式，例如:MPEG4，H.264，MP3，AAC，AMR，JPG，PNG等。
三维图形处理库用于实现三维图形绘图，图像渲染，合成，和图层处理等。
二维图形引擎是2D绘图的绘图引擎。
内核层是硬件和软件之间的层。内核层至少包含显示驱动，摄像头驱动，音频驱动，传感器驱动。
以下以电子设备100为电子设备，用户使用的应用为第一应用为例，对本申请实施例提供的页面管理方法进行详细介绍。
在一种实施方式中，第一应用中的各个页面之间存在功能关系。那么，电子设备在创建ActivityRecord后，可根据ActivityRecord对应的页面之间的功能关系，管理各个ActivityRecord。
可选的，第一应用中的各个页面之间呈现树状的功能关系。比如，第一应用可响应于用户在页面1上的不同操作，分别打开不同操作对应的不同页面。那么，打开的页面均为页面1的子节点页面，页面1为各个打开页面的父节点页面。
示例性的，如图5所示，响应于用户启动第一应用的操作，电子设备创建第一应用的主页面(如页面1)对应的ActivityRecord 1。其中，电子设备首次打开第一应用后，显示的页面为第一应用的主页面，之后响应于用户在主页面上的操作，电子设备可显示第一应用的其他页面。因此，设置第一应用的主页面对应的ActivityRecord 1为根节点ActivityRecord。
如图5所示，响应于用户在主页面上的操作，电子设备确定用户指示显示页面2，那么可创建页面2对应的ActivityRecord 2，并创建ActivityRecord 2和ActivityRecord 1的节点关系为ActivityRecord 2为ActivityRecord 1的子节点。之后，响应于用户在页面2上的操作，电子设备确定用户指示显示页面3，那么可创建页面3对应的ActivityRecord 3，并创建ActivityRecord 3和ActivityRecord 2的节点关系为ActivityRecord 3为ActivityRecord 2的子节点。之后，响应于用户在页面3上的操作，电子设备确定用户指示显示页面4，那么可创建页面4对应的ActivityRecord 4，并创建ActivityRecord 4和ActivityRecord 3的节点关系为ActivityRecord 4为ActivityRecord 3的子节点。那么，电子设备可根据页面打开的顺序(对应于各个页面的功能关系)，完成创建ActivityRecord树状结构中，ActivityRecord 1-ActivityRecord 2-ActivityRecord 3-ActivityRecord 4这一分支上的各个节点的节点关系。
或者，如图5所示，响应于用户在页面2上的操作，电子设备确定用户指示显示页面5，那么可创建页面5对应的ActivityRecord 5，并创建ActivityRecord 5和ActivityRecord 2的节点关系为ActivityRecord 5为ActivityRecord 2的子节点。那么，电子设备可根据页面打开的顺序(对应于各个页面的功能关系)，完成创建ActivityRecord树状结构中，ActivityRecord 1-ActivityRecord 2-ActivityRecord 5这一分支上的各个节点的节点关系。
或者，如图5所示，响应于用户在主页面上的操作，电子设备确定用户指示显示页面6，那么可创建页面6对应的ActivityRecord 6，并创建ActivityRecord 6和ActivityRecord 1的节点关系为ActivityRecord 6为ActivityRecord 1的子节点。之后，响应于用户在页面6上的操作，电子设备确定用户指示显示页面7，那么可创建页面7对应的ActivityRecord 7，并创建ActivityRecord 7和ActivityRecord 6的节点关系为ActivityRecord 7为ActivityRecord 6的子节点。那么，电子设备可根据页面打开的顺序(对应于各个页面的功能关系)，完成创建ActivityRecord树状结构中，ActivityRecord 1-ActivityRecord 6-ActivityRecord 7这一分支上的各个节点的节点关系。
可选的，如图5所示，ActivityRecord 1为树状结构的ActivityRecord层级0中的节点；ActivityRecord 2和ActivityRecord 6为树状结构的ActivityRecord层级1中的节点；ActivityRecord 2、ActivityRecord 5、以及7为树状结构的ActivityRecord层级2中的节点；ActivityRecord 4为树状结构的ActivityRecord层级3中的节点。其中，层级0的层级最高，层级3的层级最低。
可选的，根据应用的不同，应用中后台页面的不同，对应的ActivityRecord层级数量不同，每一层级中的ActivityRecord数量不同。
可选的，如图5所示，一个父节点ActivityRecord可对应于一个或多个子节点ActivityRecord，一个子节点ActivityRecord只对应于一个父节点ActivityRecord。也就是说，由一个父节点ActivityRecord可能创建一个或多个子节点ActivityRecord，由一个子节点ActivityRecord返回，只能返回到该子节点ActivityRecord对应的一个父节点ActivityRecord。但是，响应于用户指示跳转页面的操作，可在树状结构的任意ActivityRecord间实现跳转。
以下以第一应用为应用为例，对ActivityRecord的树状结构，以及AMS管理ActivityRecord的各种场景进行详细介绍。
示例性的，如图6A中(a)所示界面601，电子设备在界面601上显示第一应用的主页面。其中，电子设备已显示主页面，那么主页面为后台页面，如图7所示，电子设备已创建主页面对应的ActivityRecord为“.ui.LauncherUI”。响应于用户在界面601上沿箭头61所示方向向上的滑动操作，电子设备显示如图6A中(b)所示界面602。在界面602上电子设备显示界面601上未显示的第一应用主页面的显示内容，如新闻聊天栏62。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，界面对应于电子设备当前显示窗口，如图6A中(a)所示，电子设备显示界面601。页面对应于电子设备显示界面中的显示内容，如界面601和界面602均对应于第一应用的主页面。AMS通过管理ActivityRecord管理应用后台页面，不同页面对应于不同的ActivityRecord，相同页面对应于同一个ActivityRecord，如界面601和界面602均对应于第一应用的主页面，主页面对应于“.ui.LauncherUI”。
之后，如图6A中(b)所示界面602，电子设备检测到用户点击新闻聊天栏62的操作，确定用户指示打开新闻页面，如图7所示，电子设备可创建新闻页面对应的ActivityRecord节点，如“.plugin.readerapp.ui.ReaderAppUI”。并且，电子设备可设置新闻页面对应的ActivityRecord对应于焦点窗口，显示如图6A中(c)所示界面603，界面603用于显示新闻页面。
可选的，新闻页面对应的ActivityRecord节点为主页面对应的ActivityRecord节点的子节点。
可选的，响应于用户在界面603上的不同操作，电子设备可打开不同的页面。
如图6B中(a)所示界面603，电子设备检测到用户点击设置控件63的操作，确定用户指示打开设置页面，如图7所示，电子设备可通过AMS创建设置页面对应的ActivityRecord节点，如“.plugin.webview.ui.tools.ContactInfoUI”。并且，电子设备可设置该设置页面对应的ActivityRecord节点对应于焦点窗口，显示如图6B中(b)所示界面604，界面604用于显示设置页面。
或者，如图6B中(a)所示界面603，电子设备检测到用户点击新闻视频控件64的操作，确定用户指示打开新闻视频页面，如图7所示，电子设备可通过AMS创建新闻视频页面对应的ActivityRecord节点，如“.plugin.webview.ui.tools.WebviewMpUI”。并且，电子设备可设置新闻视频页面对应的ActivityRecord对应于焦点窗口，显示如图6B中(c)所示界面605，界面605用于显示新闻视频页面。
如图6B中(a)所示界面603，电子设备检测到用户点击新闻浏览控件65的操作，确定用户指示打开新闻浏览页面，如图7所示，电子设备可通过AMS创建新闻浏览页面对应的ActivityRecord节点，如“.plugin.profile.ui.WebviewUI”。并且，电子设备可设置新闻浏览页面对应的ActivityRecord对应于焦点窗口，显示如图6B中(d)所示界面606，界面606用于显示新闻浏览页面。
可选的，设置页面对应的ActivityRecord节点、新闻视频页面对应的ActivityRecord节点、以及新闻浏览页面对应的ActivityRecord节点位于同一层级，均为新闻页面对应的ActivityRecord节点的子节点。
在一种实施方式中，电子设备显示第一应用的过程中，检测到用户指示跳转页面的操作后， 可显示页面管理界面，该页面管理界面用于显示第一应用已开启的后台页面对应的卡片。响应于用户在页面管理界面上选择卡片的操作，电子设备可显示被用户选择的卡片对应的第一应用页面。
示例性的，如图8中(a)所示，AMS已创建ActivityRecord的页面包括主页面、新闻页面、新闻视频页面、设置页面、以及新闻浏览页面，即这些页面为后台也。其中，新闻视频页面对应的ActivityRecord对应于焦点窗口，如图9中(a)所示界面901，电子设备显示新闻视频页面。
在显示界面901的过程中，电子设备检测到用户在显示屏上的长按操作，确定用户指示跳转页面。电子设备通过AMS确定已创建的ActivityRecord后，可确定已创建的ActivityRecord对应的页面。如图9中(b)所示，电子设备显示页面管理界面902，在页面管理界面902上显示已创建ActivityRecord的后台页面对应的卡片，其中包括电子设备当前显示的页面对应的卡片，如新闻视频页面对应的新闻视频卡片91。
之后，电子设备检测到用户点击页面管理界面902上显示的主页卡片92的操作，可确定用户指示跳转显示主页面。如图8中(b)所示，电子设备将主页面对应的ActivityRecord设置为对应于焦点窗口，之后电子设备可显示如图9中(c)所示的界面903，界面903用于显示第一应用的主页面。
如此，电子设备通过树状结构管理ActivityRecord，用户只需简单的操作，即可在第一应用中实现页面的跳转。并且，在页面跳转过程中，电子设备不需要再重新创建后台页面对应的ActivityRecord。相比于现有技术中，电子设备销毁全部后台页面及对应的ActivityRecord，导致页面信息丢失，后续用户只能重新依次打开页面，电子设备也需要重新创建相应的ActivityRecord。本申请实施例提供的页面管理方法，能够有效降低用户操作难度，并且提高页面跳转效率。
可选的，在上述图9所示场景中，电子设备通过AMS查询到主页面对应的ActivityRecord后，将该ActivityRecord设置为焦点窗口，并用快捷标记量标记该ActivityRecord为焦点窗口。这样，如果其他服务模块(如窗口显示模块等)需要调用焦点窗口，可直接通过快捷标记量确定该ActivityRecord为焦点窗口，而不必再从ActivityRecord树状结构中按照节点关系依次确定ActivityRecord是否对应于焦点窗口，从而提高电子设备的运行性能。对此下文不再赘述。其他实现方式，如复制ActivityRecord供其他服务模块调用的方式，也可以作为本申请的实施例。
可选的，用户指示跳转页面的操作还可以包括其他操作，如双击操作、三击操作、指关节点击、对预设控件的操作等，本申请对此不做具体限制。
可选的，页面管理界面上的多张卡片按照预设显示方式显示。例如，如页面管理界面902所示，多张卡片横向交叠显示。或者，多张卡片也可以横向并列显示，或者多张卡片在页面管理界面上平铺显示等。
可选的，电子设备系统提供有用于记录应用程序使用情况的进程，该进程在应用程序打开后，可记录应用程序页面打开或关闭、打开顺序、跳转次数等情况。那么，电子设备在确定显示页面管理界面时，可通过该进程获取页面情况，将页面对应的多张卡片按照时间先后顺序、用户页面跳转频次顺序等多种顺序排列显示。
示例性的，如图9中(b)所示的页面管理界面902，假设用户依次打开第一应用的主页面、新闻页面、新闻视频页面。那么，电子设备可按照页面打开顺序，在页面管理界面902上从左往右依次横向交叠显示主页面对应的主页卡片92、新闻页面对应的新闻卡片93、新闻视频页面对应的新闻视频卡片91。
需要说明的是，附图仅是示意性说明，附图所示的页面管理界面是指电子设备边框内触摸屏上显示的界面，卡片在电子设备边框内的部分能够被电子设备的触摸屏显示，卡片在电子设备边框外的部分不能被手机的触摸屏显示。
一些示例中，电子设备确定后台页面只包括当前显示页面。那么，电子设备在检测到用户指示跳转页面的操作后，可显示提示信息，以提示用户第一应用最近无运行页面。
另一些示例中，电子设备确定后台页面包括多个页面。那么，电子设备可按照上述方式显示多个页面对应的多个卡片。可选的，如当前页面管理界面无法显示全部的后台页面对应的卡片，电子设备可显示部分卡片，之后响应于用户操作，电子设备在显示剩余被隐藏的其他卡片。
示例性的，如图8中(a)所示，AMS管理的第一应用对应的ActivityRecord数量为5个，那 么第一应用的后台页面数量为5个。响应于用户指示跳转页面的操作，电子设备显示如图10中(a)所示的页面管理界面1001。在页面管理界面1001上，电子设备显示3个后台页面对应的卡片，如主页面对应的主页卡片101、新闻页面对应的新闻卡片102、新闻视频页面对应的新闻视频卡片103。之后，电子设备检测到用户在页面管理界面1001上沿箭头104所示方向的向左滑动操作后，可显示如图10中(b)所示的页面管理界面1002，在页面管理界面1002上显示剩余未显示的2个后台页面对应的卡片，如设置页面对应的设置卡片105和新闻浏览卡片106。
一些示例中，在页面管理界面上，响应于用户操作，电子设备可关闭一个或多个后台页面。从而关闭用户不再需要的后台页面，降低内存占用。并且，也降低了卡片数量过多时，用户查找所需的后台页面对应的卡片的难度。
可选的，电子设备响应于用户操作，关闭一个或多个后台页面后，可销毁被关闭的页面对应的ActivityRecord及关联的ActivityRecord，或不销毁相应的ActivityRecord。其中，关于销毁ActivityRecord的相关内容详见下文相关实施例的详细内容，在此不再赘述。
示例性的，对应于上述图8和图10所示场景，如图11中(a)所示，电子设备在页面管理界面1101上显示主页卡片101、新闻卡片102、以及新闻视频卡片103。电子设备检测到用户在新闻视频卡片103上沿箭头111所示方向的向上滑动操作，可关闭新闻视频卡片103对应的新闻视频页面，显示如图11中(b)所示界面1102。在界面1102上，显示主页卡片101、新闻卡片102、以及设置卡片105，不再显示被关闭的新闻视频卡片103。
需要说明的是，用户还可以通过其他方式，实现在页面管理界面上关闭页面。如电子设备在卡片上显示关闭控件，响应于用户点击关闭控件的操作，电子设备可关闭该关闭控件所在的卡片以及对应的页面。
又示例性的，对应于上述图8和图10所示场景，如图12中(a)所示，电子设备显示页面管理界面1201的过程中，检测到用户点击清除控件121的操作，可关闭第一应用的全部后台页面，那么也就清除了全部后台页面对应的卡片。这样，可帮助用户一键关闭第一应用的全部后台页面，简化用户关闭后台页面的操作。
可选的，电子设备关闭第一应用的全部后台页面后，可直接退出第一应用。
或者，电子设备关闭第一应用的全部后台页面并不包括电子设备在检测到用户指示跳转页面的操作前显示的页面。那么，响应于用户点击清除控件121的操作，电子设备可显示如图12中(b)所示界面1202，界面1202用于显示第一应用的新闻视频页面(即在电子设备在显示新闻视频页面的过程中，检测到用户指示跳转页面的操作)。
或者，电子设备关闭第一应用的全部后台页面并不包括第一应用的主页面。那么，响应于用户点击清除控件121的操作，电子设备可显示如图12中(c)所示界面1203，界面1203用于显示第一应用的主页面。这样，便于电子设备继续接收用户对第一应用的操作。
在一种实施方式中，电子设备检测到用户在第一应用中的返回上一页面或关闭页面的操作后，确定关闭当前显示页面。在关闭当前显示页面的过程中，电子设备可通过AMS销毁当前页面对应的ActivityRecord，以及根据ActivityRecord节点关系销毁当前页面对应的ActivityRecord的子节点ActivityRecord。
示例性的，电子设备显示如图13中(a)所示界面1301，界面1301用于显示第一应用的新闻页面。电子设备检测到用户在界面1301上点击返回控件131的操作后，确定用户指示返回上一页面。如图14A中(a)所示，电子设备通过AMS确定当前新闻页面对应的ActivityRecord对应于焦点窗口，响应于用户点击返回控件131的操作，电子设备确定新闻页面对应的ActivityRecord的父节点为主页面对应的ActivityRecord，进而确定待显示页面为主页面。之后，电子设备销毁新闻页面对应的ActivityRecord。如图14A中(a)所示，新闻页面对应的ActivityRecord为设置页面对应的ActivityRecord、新闻视频页面对应的ActivityRecord、以及新闻浏览页面对应的ActivityRecord的父节点ActivityRecord，那么销毁新闻页面对应的ActivityRecord的同时，根据节点关系，也会销毁其子节点，如销毁设置页面对应的ActivityRecord、新闻视频页面对应的ActivityRecord、以及新闻浏览页面对应的ActivityRecord。如图14A中(b)所示，电子设备完成ActivityRecord的销毁后，设置主页面对应的ActivityRecord对应于焦点窗口，电子设备可显示如 图13中(b)所示界面1302，界面1302用于显示第一应用的主页面。
这样，电子设备响应于用户操作，返回上一页面后，可将用户不再需要电子设备显示的第一应用的后台页面及对应的ActivityRecord销毁，从而降低内存的占用。
可选的，响应于用户指示跳转页面的操作，电子设备跳转页面显示后，不会销毁跳转前的页面及对应的ActivityRecord。这样，便于用户指示电子设备再次跳转页面。
应理解，在上述图14A所示场景中，返回上一页面用于表示返回当前显示页面的父节点页面。因此，电子设备在返回上一页面后，可销毁当前显示页面和当前显示页面的子节点页面。在另一些示例中，电子设备响应于用户操作，在多个页面间跳转显示，电子设备之前显示的页面也可表示为上一页面。那么，电子设备如跳转返回显示上一页面，可不销毁跳转前的页面。
在另一种实施方式中，电子设备检测到用户在第一应用中的返回上一页面或关闭页面的操作后，确定关闭当前显示页面。在关闭当前显示页面的过程中，电子设备可不销毁相应的ActivityRecord。
示例性的，如图13中(a)所示界面1301，电子设备检测到用户在界面1301上点击返回控件131的操作后，确定用户指示返回上一页面。如图14B中在(a)所示，电子设备通过AMS确定当前新闻页面对应的ActivityRecord对应于焦点窗口，新闻页面对应的ActivityRecord的父节点ActivityRecord为主页面对应的ActivityRecord，可确定用户操作指示显示主页面。那么，如图14B中在(b)所示，电子设备可设置主页面对应的ActivityRecord对应于焦点窗口，电子设备可显示如图13中(b)所示界面1302，界面1302用于显示第一应用的主页面。
这样，电子设备不显示当前页面(如返回上一页面)后，并不会进行页面及对应的ActivityRecord的销毁，便于用户指示电子设备再次跳转页面。
比如，如图14B中(b)所示，电子设备焦点窗口对应于主页面对应的ActivityRecord，如图15A中(a)所示界面1501，电子设备显示第一应用的主页面。在电子设备显示主页面的过程中，用户可能需要电子设备跳转显示其他第一应用的后台页面。如电子设备在界面1501上检测到用户在显示屏上的长按操作，可通过AMS确定后台页面，显示如图15A中(b)所示的页面管理界面1502。之后，电子设备检测到用户在页面管理界面1502上点击设置卡片151的操作，确定设置卡片151对应于后台页面中的设置页面，通过AMS设置如图14B中(c)所示的设置页面对应的ActivityRecord对应于焦点窗口，电子设备可显示如图15A中(c)所示界面1503，界面1503用于显示第一应用的设置页面。从而实现由第一应用的主页面直接跳转显示第一应用的设置页面，满足用户的页面跳转需求。
而在上述响应于用户返回上一页面或关闭页面的操作，电子设备销毁相关ActivityRecord的场景(图13和图14A所示场景)中，如图15B中(a)所示界面1504，电子设备在显示第一应用的主页面的过程中，检测到用户在显示屏上的长按操作。如图14A中(b)所示，电子设备通过AMS确定第一应用的后台页面只包括主页面，那么电子设备可显示如图15B中(b)所示界面1505，用于提示用户第一应用最近无运行页面。可以看出，该场景中，可能无法满足用户部分页面的跳转需求。
在一种实施方式中，电子设备检测到用户指示打开新页面的操作后，可创建新页面对应的ActivityRecord。
可选的，在新ActivityRecord创建的过程中，电子设备可确定若新创建ActivityRecord，那么该新创建的ActivityRecord对应的层级中的ActivityRecord数量是否会大于阈值1。若是，电子设备可按照预设规则1通过AMS销毁部分ActivityRecord。
一些示例中，预设规则1例如包括将根节点到新创建的ActivityRecord对应层级中的各个ActivityRecord的所有路径中，权重和最低的ActivityRecord节点销毁。其中，ActivityRecord节点的权重可根据ActivityRecord节点访问次数、最近访问时间确定。比如，ActivityRecord节点访问次数越少，权重越低；ActivityRecord节点最近访问时间越早，权重越低。其中，ActivityRecord节点所在的路径数量为一个或多个，ActivityRecord节点在每一所在路径上对应的权重之和，为最终该ActivityRecord节点的权重和。
可选的，由于父节点ActivityRecord销毁后，其子节点ActivityRecord会随之销毁。因此，在 计算ActivityRecord节点的权重和的过程中，还需计算ActivityRecord节点的子ActivityRecord节点的权重影响。
示例性的，如图16中(a)所示界面1601，电子设备在显示第一应用的主页面的过程中，检测到用户点击发现控件161的操作，确定用户指示显示朋友圈页面。如图17中(a)所示，电子设备通过AMS确定当前作为焦点窗口的主页面对应的ActivityRecord节点，其子节点ActivityRecord不包括朋友圈页面对应的ActivityRecord节点。那么，AMS确定主页面对应的ActivityRecord节点的子节点层级中，若新增一个ActivityRecord节点，那么ActivityRecord节点数量是否大于阈值1。如阈值1为5，如图17中(a)所示，主页面对应的ActivityRecord节点的子节点层级中的只包括新闻页面对应的ActivityRecord节点，可见该层级中新增一个ActivityRecord节点后，ActivityRecord节点数量为2，未大于阈值1。那么，如图17中(b)所示，AMS创建朋友圈页面对应的ActivityRecord节点，如“.plugin.sns.ui.SnsTimeLineUI”，并建立朋友圈页面对应的ActivityRecord节点与主页面对应的ActivityRecord节点的节点关系。之后，电子设备通过AMS设置朋友圈页面对应的ActivityRecord节点对应于焦点窗口，电子设备显示如图16中(b)所示界面1602，界面1602用于显示朋友圈页面。
可选的，在新ActivityRecord创建的过程中，电子设备也可确定若新创建ActivityRecord，总ActivityRecord数量是否会大于阈值2。若是，电子设备可按照预设规则2通过AMS销毁部分ActivityRecord。
一些示例中，预设规则2例如包括根据ActivityRecord树状结构的节点关系，确定所有路径中权重和最低的ActivityRecord节点，销毁权重和最低的ActivityRecord节点。或者，将最低层级中的各个ActivityRecord节点的所在路径中，权重和最低的ActivityRecord节点销毁。可选的，若最低层级中只包括一个ActivityRecord节点，可直接销毁该ActivityRecord节点。
同样的，由于父节点ActivityRecord销毁后，其子节点ActivityRecord会随之销毁。因此，在计算ActivityRecord节点的权重和的过程中，还需计算ActivityRecord节点的子ActivityRecord节点的权重影响。
如此，响应于用户操作，电子设备可创建新打开页面对应的ActivityRecord节点并管理。并且，通过销毁不经常使用的页面对应的ActivityRecord节点，降低ActivityRecord节点管理难度，以及降低页面管理界面上显示的卡片数量，降低用户页面跳转难度。
在一种实施方式中，电子设备响应于用户操作，可开启或关闭应用页面管理功能，该应用页面管理功能用于对应用的后台页面进行树状结构的管理。在应用页面管理功能开启的情况下，电子设备的AMS通过树状结构管理第一应用的页面。在应用页面管理功能关闭的情况下，电子设备的AMS通过栈的方式管理第一应用的页面。如此，满足用户对于应用页面管理方式的个性化需求，提升用户的使用体验。
示例性的，如图18中(a)所示的设置界面1801，电子设备检测到用户点击应用页面管理控件181的操作，显示如图18中(b)所示的应用页面管理设置界面1802。响应于用户在应用页面管理设置界面1802上对开启/关闭控件182的操作，电子设备可开启或关闭应用页面管理功能，以按照对应的应用页面管理方式管理应用的后台页面。
示例性的，图19为本申请实施例提供的一种页面管理方法的流程示意图。如图19所示，该方法包括如下步骤。
S1901、电子设备在显示第一界面的过程中，响应于用户的第一操作，显示页面管理界面。其中，第一界面用于显示第一应用的第一页面，页面管理界面用于显示第一应用的多个后台页面对应的多张卡片，多个后台页面包括第一页面。
其中，第一操作例如包括长按操作、双击操作、三击操作、指关节点击、对预设控件的操作等中的一项或几项。
可选的，电子设备的AMS通过树状结构管理方式管理第一应用的页面，实现在多个页面之前来回跳转显示。即，用户可以在第一应用的多个页面间做到并行操作。
示例性的，如图6B所示场景，电子设备在显示第一应用的新闻页面的过程中，响应于用户的不同操作，可显示设置页面、或新闻视频页面、或新闻浏览页面。那么，如图7所示，电子设 备的AMS根据第一应用的各个页面的页面关系，通过树状结构管理方式管理第一应用的新闻页面、设置页面、新闻视频页面、以及新闻浏览页面。如新闻页面为设置页面、新闻视频页面、以及新闻浏览页面的父节点页面，设置页面、新闻视频页面、以及新闻浏览页面位于同一节点层级。
在一种实施方式中，在电子设备在显示第一界面的过程中，响应于用户的第一操作，显示页面管理界面之前，电子设备已经显示过第二界面，多个后台页面包括第二页面。那么，电子设备响应于用户的第一操作，显示的页面管理界面上可显示第二页面对应的卡片。
示例性的，如图9中(a)所示界面901，电子设备显示第一应用的新闻视频页面(如第一页面)的过程中，检测到用户在显示屏上的长按操作(即第一操作)，确定用户指示跳转页面。电子设备通过AMS可确定第一应用的后台页面，如通过确定ActivityRecord，确定第一应用的后台页面。比如，电子设备在检测到长按操作之前，已经显示过主页面，新闻页面。那么，电子设备响应于用户在界面901上的长按操作，可显示如图9中(b)所示的页面管理界面902，在页面管理界面902上显示新闻视频页面、主页面、以及新闻页面分别对应的卡片。
在一种实施方式中，页面管理界面用于显示第一应用的多个后台页面对应的多张卡片，包括：页面管理界面用于按照预设显示方式显示第一应用的多个后台页面对应的多张卡片，预设显示方式包括如下一项或几项：多张卡片横向交叠显示，多张卡片横向并列显示，多张卡片在页面管理界面上平铺显示。
示例性的，如图9中(b)所示的页面管理界面902，电子设备将第一应用的多个页面对应的多张卡片横向交叠显示。
S1902、响应于用户在页面管理界面上对多张卡片中的第一卡片的第二操作，电子设备显示第二界面，该第二界面用于显示第一卡片对应的第一应用的第二页面。
示例性的，如图9中(b)所示的页面管理界面902，电子设备检测到用户点击页面管理界面902上显示的多张卡片中的主页卡片92的操作后，可确定用户指示跳转显示主页卡片92对应的主页面。电子设备可显示如图9中(c)所示的界面903，界面903用于显示主页卡片92对应的第一应用的主页面(如第二页面)。
如此，电子设备通过树状结构管理ActivityRecord，用户只需简单的操作，即可在第一应用中实现页面的跳转，有效降低用户操作难度，并且提高页面跳转效率。
在一种实施方式中，电子设备在显示第一界面的过程中，设置第一界面对应的第一页面对应于焦点窗口。之后，响应于用户在第一界面上的第一操作，电子设备显示页面管理界面的过程中，响应于用户在页面管理界面上对多张卡片中的第一卡片的第二操作，电子设备设置第一卡片对应的第二页面对应于焦点窗口后，显示第二界面，并且电子设备不销毁第一页面。
示例性的，如图9中(a)所示，电子设备显示新闻视频页面的过程中，如图8中(a)所示，电子设备设置新闻视频页面对应于焦点窗口。之后，响应于用户的第一操作，电子设备显示如图9中(b)所示的页面管理界面902，响应于用户点击主页卡片92的操作，如图8中(b)所示，电子设备设置主页卡片92对应的主页面对应于焦点窗口后，可显示如图9中(c)所示的主页面。并且，在页面跳转显示后，如图8中(b)所示，电子设备并不会销毁新闻视频页面，这样后续电子设备还可以响应于用户操作，直接跳转显示新闻视频页面，而避免用户还需再由主页面指示电子设备显示新闻页面后，再指示电子设备显示新闻视频页面，降低用户操作难度。
如此，电子设备通过树状结构管理第一应用的页面，实现在第一应用的页面中任意跳转显示，并且可将任意跳转页面设置为对应于焦点窗口，并不会销毁跳转前的页面。相比于现有技术中，电子设备通过栈的方式管理第一应用的页面，由于只能将栈顶元素对应的页面设置为对应于焦点窗口，因此电子设备需要依次销毁栈中位于该待设置为焦点窗口的页面对应的ActivityRecord之上的各个ActivityRecord，导致被销毁的ActivityRecord对应的页面信息丢失，后续用户只能再重新依次打开页面，电子设备也需要重新创建相应的ActivityRecord。本申请实施例提供的页面管理方法，通过页面管理界面能够有效降低用户操作难度。并且，在页面跳转过程中，电子设备设置焦点窗口后，不会销毁页面跳转前的页面，那么相应的页面信息也就不会丢失，这样后续电子设备如响应于用户操作跳转回原页面，也无需再重新创建对应的ActivityRecord，提高页面跳转效率。
在一种实施方式中，响应于用户在第二界面上指示返回父节点页面的第三操作，电子设备关 闭第二页面，显示第三界面，第三界面用于显示第二页面所在节点的父节点页面。
可选的，如第二页面的父节点页面为第三页面，响应于用户在第三界面上指示显示子节点页面的第四操作，电子设备显示第四界面，第四界面用于显示第一应用的第四页面；其中，第四页面和第二页面对应的节点层级为n+1，第三页面对应的节点层级为n，第三页面为第四页面和第二页面的父节点页面，n为自然数。
示例性的，如图8中(a)所示，电子设备在显示新闻视频页面(如第二页面)的过程中，响应于用户的第三操作，返回父节点页面，如新闻页面(如第三页面)。之后，电子设备在显示新闻页面的过程中，响应于用户第四操作，显示设置页面(如第四页面)。那么，在如图8中(a)所示场景，设置页面和新闻视频页面对应于节点层级2，新闻页面对应于节点层级1，主页面对应于节点层级0。
这样，电子设备不显示当前页面(如返回上一页面)后，并不会进行页面及对应的ActivityRecord的销毁，便于用户指示电子设备再次跳转页面。
可选的，响应于用户在第二界面上指示返回父节点页面的第三操作，电子设备销毁第二页面，以及销毁第二页面所在节点的子节点页面。
示例性的，如图14A中(a)所示，电子设备在显示新闻页面(如第二页面)的过程中，响应于用户的第三操作，返回显示主页面。那么，如图14A中(b)所示，电子设备销毁新闻页面，以及销毁新闻页面的子节点页面，如设置页面，新闻视频页面，视频浏览页面。
其中，销毁页面例如包括关闭后台页面并销毁页面对应的ActivityRecord，或者在页面管理界面不再显示该销毁的页面。
如此，电子设备响应于用户操作，返回父节点页面后，可将用户不再需要电子设备显示的第一应用的后台页面及对应的ActivityRecord销毁，从而降低内存的占用。
在一种实施方式中，响应于用户在第二界面上的第五操作，电子设备显示第五界面，第五界面用于显示第一应用的第五页面，第五页面为第二页面的子节点页面。
可选的，电子设备在创建第五页面后，确定第五页面所在节点层级的页面数量是否大于第一阈值。若大于第一阈值，电子设备按照第一预设方法销毁第五页面所在节点层级的页面及对应于销毁页面的子节点页面。
其中，第一预设方法包括销毁第五页面所在节点层级的页面中权重和最低的页面，以及销毁对应于权重和最低的页面对应的子节点页面；其中，权重和为电子设备根据页面对应的节点访问时间、和/或节点访问次数确定。
示例性的，如图16中(a)所示界面1601，电子设备在显示第一应用的主页面的过程中，检测到用户点击发现控件161的操作，确定用户指示显示朋友圈页面(如第五页面)。如图17中(a)所示，电子设备通过AMS确定当前作为焦点窗口的主页面对应的ActivityRecord节点，其子节点ActivityRecord不包括朋友圈页面对应的ActivityRecord节点。那么，AMS确定主页面对应的ActivityRecord节点的子节点层级中，若新增一个ActivityRecord节点，那么ActivityRecord节点数量是否大于第一阈值。
若未大于第一阈值，那么如图17中(b)所示，AMS创建朋友圈页面对应的ActivityRecord节点，如“.plugin.sns.ui.SnsTimeLineUI”，并建立朋友圈页面对应的ActivityRecord节点与主页面对应的ActivityRecord节点的节点关系。之后，电子设备通过AMS设置朋友圈页面对应的ActivityRecord节点对应于焦点窗口，电子设备显示如图16中(b)所示界面1602，界面1602用于显示朋友圈页面。
若大于第一阈值，那么电子设备可按照第一预设方法通过AMS销毁部分ActivityRecord。之后，再通过AMS设置朋友圈页面对应的ActivityRecord节点对应于焦点窗口，显示如图16中(b)所示界面1602，界面1602用于显示朋友圈页面。
可选的，电子设备在创建第五页面后，确定第一应用的后台页面数量是否大于第二阈值。若大于第二阈值，电子设备按照第二预设方法销毁页面。
其中，第二预设方法包括销毁第一应用的后台页面中权重和最低的页面，以及销毁权重和最低的页面对应的子节点页面；或者，第二预设方法包括销毁第一应用的后台页面中节点层级最低 的页面中权重和最低的页面；其中，权重和为电子设备根据页面对应的节点访问时间、和/或节点访问次数确定。
如此，响应于用户操作，电子设备可创建新打开页面对应的ActivityRecord节点并管理。并且，通过销毁不经常使用的页面对应的ActivityRecord节点，降低ActivityRecord节点管理难度，以及降低页面管理界面上显示的卡片数量，降低用户页面跳转难度。
在一种实施方式中，响应于用户在页面管理界面上关闭第二卡片的第六操作，电子设备不显示第二卡片，并销毁第二卡片对应的第六页面以及第六页面的子节点页面。
其中，第六操作例如包括在第二卡片上的上划操作，点击预设控件的操作等。
示例性的，对应于上述图8和图10所示场景，如图11中(a)所示，电子设备在页面管理界面1101上显示主页卡片101、新闻卡片102、以及新闻视频卡片103。电子设备检测到用户在新闻视频卡片103(如第二卡片)上沿箭头111所示方向的向上滑动操作，可关闭新闻视频卡片103对应的新闻视频页面，显示如图11中(b)所示界面1102。在界面1102上，显示主页卡片101、新闻卡片102、以及设置卡片105，不再显示被关闭的新闻视频卡片103。可选的，电子设备通过AMS销毁新闻视频卡片103对应的新闻视频页面的ActivityRecord，以及新闻视频页面的子节点页面对应的ActivityRecord。
如此，电子设备响应于用户操作，关闭用户不再需要的应用后台页面，降低内存占用。并且，也降低了卡片数量过多时，用户查找所需的后台页面对应的卡片的难度。
在另一种实施方式中，响应于用户在页面管理界面上关闭所有卡片的第七操作，电子设备销毁第一应用的全部后台页面。
示例性的，对应于上述图8和图10所示场景，如图12中(a)所示，电子设备显示页面管理界面1201的过程中，检测到用户点击清除控件121的操作，可关闭第一应用的全部后台页面，那么也就清除了全部后台页面对应的卡片。
如此，帮助用户一键关闭第一应用的全部后台页面，简化用户关闭后台页面的操作。以上结合图5-图19详细说明了本申请实施例提供的页面管理方法。以下结合图20详细说明本申请实施例提供的电子设备。
在一种可能的设计中，图20为本申请实施例提供的电子设备的结构示意图。如图20所示，电子设备2000可以包括：显示单元2001、收发单元2002以及处理单元2003。电子设备2000可用于实现上述方法实施例中涉及的电子设备的功能。
可选地，显示单元2001，用于支持电子设备2000显示界面内容；和/或，支持电子设备2000执行图19中的S1902和S1902。
可选地，收发单元2002，用于支持电子设备2000执行图19中的S1902和S1902。
可选地，处理单元2003，用于支持电子设备2000执行图19中的S1902和S1902。
其中，收发单元可以包括接收单元和发送单元，可以由收发器或收发器相关电路组件实现，可以为收发器或收发模块。电子设备2000中的各个单元的操作和/或功能分别为了实现上述方法实施例中所述的页面管理方法的相应流程，上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能单元的功能描述，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
可选地，图20所示的电子设备2000还可以包括存储单元(图20中未示出)，该存储单元中存储有程序或指令。当显示单元2001、收发单元2002以及处理单元2003执行该程序或指令时，使得图20所示的电子设备2000可以执行上述方法实施例中所述的页面管理方法。
图20所示的电子设备2000的技术效果可以参考上述方法实施例中所述的页面管理方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
除了以电子设备2000的形式以外，本申请提供的技术方案也可以为电子设备中的功能单元或者芯片，或者与电子设备匹配使用的装置。
本申请实施例还提供一种芯片系统，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时，使得该芯片系统实现上述任一方法实施例中的方法。
可选地，该芯片系统中的处理器可以为一个或多个。该处理器可以通过硬件实现也可以通过 软件实现。当通过硬件实现时，该处理器可以是逻辑电路、集成电路等。当通过软件实现时，该处理器可以是一个通用处理器，通过读取存储器中存储的软件代码来实现。
可选地，该芯片系统中的存储器也可以为一个或多个。该存储器可以与处理器集成在一起，也可以和处理器分离设置，本申请实施例并不限定。示例性地，存储器可以是非瞬时性处理器，例如只读存储器ROM，其可以与处理器集成在同一块芯片上，也可以分别设置在不同的芯片上，本申请实施例对存储器的类型，以及存储器与处理器的设置方式不作具体限定。
示例性地，该芯片系统可以是现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)，可以是专用集成芯片(AP设备plication specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，还可以是系统芯片(system on chip，SoC)，还可以是中央处理器(central processor unit，CPU)，还可以是网络处理器(network processor，NP)，还可以是数字信号处理电路(digital signal processor，DSP)，还可以是微控制器(micro controller unit，MCU)，还可以是可编程控制器(programmable logic device，PLD)或其他集成芯片。
应理解，上述方法实施例中的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序，当该计算机程序在计算机上上运行时，使得计算机执行上述相关步骤，以实现上述实施例中的页面管理方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品，当该计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述相关步骤，以实现上述实施例中的页面管理方法。
另外，本申请实施例还提供一种装置。该装置具体可以是组件或模块，该装置可包括相连的一个或多个处理器和存储器。其中，存储器用于存储计算机程序。当该计算机程序被一个或多个处理器执行时，使得装置执行上述各方法实施例中的页面管理方法。
其中，本申请实施例提供的装置、计算机可读存储介质、计算机程序产品或芯片均用于执行上文所提供的对应的方法。因此，其所能达到的有益效果可参考上文所提供的对应的方法中的有益效果，此处不再赘述。
结合本申请实施例公开内容所描述的方法或者算法的步骤可以硬件的方式来实现，也可以是由处理器执行软件指令的方式来实现。软件指令可以由相应地软件模块组成，软件模块可以被存放于随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、闪存、只读存储器(read only memory，ROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable programmable ROM，EPROM)、电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)、寄存器、硬盘、移动硬盘、只读光盘(CD-ROM)或者本领域熟知的任何其它形式的存储介质中。一种示例性的存储介质耦合至处理器，从而使处理器能够从该存储介质读取信息，且可向该存储介质写入信息。当然，存储介质也可以是处理器的组成部分。处理器和存储介质可以位于专用集成电路(AP设备plication specific integrated circuit，ASIC)中。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明。实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成；即将装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。上述描述的系统，装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的。例如，所述模块或单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式；例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另外，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，模块或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元 单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
计算机可读存储介质包括但不限于以下的任意一种：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何在本申请揭露的技术范围内的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种页面管理方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    电子设备在显示第一界面的过程中，响应于用户的第一操作，显示页面管理界面；其中，所述第一界面用于显示第一应用的第一页面，所述页面管理界面用于显示所述第一应用的多个后台页面对应的多张卡片，所述多个后台页面包括所述第一页面；
    响应于用户在所述页面管理界面上对所述多张卡片中的第一卡片的第二操作，所述电子设备显示第二界面，所述第二界面用于显示所述第一卡片对应的所述第一应用的第二页面。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述电子设备在显示第一界面的过程中，响应于用户的第一操作，显示页面管理界面之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述电子设备显示所述第二界面，所述多个后台页面包括所述第二页面。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    响应于用户在所述第二界面上指示返回父节点页面的第三操作，所述电子设备关闭所述第二页面，显示第三界面，所述第三界面用于显示所述第二页面所在节点的父节点页面。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二页面的父节点页面为第三页面，所述方法还包括：
    响应于用户在所述第三界面上指示显示子节点页面的第四操作，所述电子设备显示第四界面，所述第四界面用于显示所述第一应用的第四页面；其中，所述第四页面和所述第二页面对应的节点层级为n+1，所述第三页面对应的节点层级为n，所述第三页面为所述第四页面和所述第二页面的父节点页面，n为自然数。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述电子设备销毁所述第二页面，以及销毁所述第二页面所在节点的子节点页面。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    响应于用户在所述第二界面上的第五操作，所述电子设备显示第五界面，所述第五界面用于显示所述第一应用的第五页面，所述第五页面为所述第二页面的子节点页面。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述电子设备在创建所述第五页面后，确定所述第五页面所在节点层级的页面数量是否大于第一阈值；
    若大于第一阈值，所述电子设备按照第一预设方法销毁所述第五页面所在节点层级的页面及对应于销毁页面的子节点页面。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一预设方法包括销毁所述第五页面所在节点层级的页面中权重和最低的页面，以及销毁对应于所述权重和最低的页面对应的子节点页面；其中，所述权重和为所述电子设备根据页面对应的节点访问时间、和/或节点访问次数确定。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述电子设备在创建所述第五页面后，确定所述第一应用的后台页面数量是否大于第二阈值；
    若大于第二阈值，所述电子设备按照第二预设方法销毁页面。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二预设方法包括销毁所述第一应用的后台页面中权重和最低的页面，以及销毁所述权重和最低的页面对应的子节点页面；或者，所述第二预设方法包括销毁所述第一应用的后台页面中节点层级最低的页面中权重和最低的页面；其中，所述权重和为所述电子设备根据页面对应的节点访问时间、和/或节点访问次数确定。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    响应于用户在所述页面管理界面上关闭第二卡片的第六操作，所述电子设备不显示所述第二卡片，并销毁所述第二卡片对应的第六页面以及所述第六页面的子节点页面。
  12. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    响应于用户在所述页面管理界面上关闭所有卡片的第七操作，所述电子设备销毁所述第一应用的全部后台页面。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述页面管理界面用于显示所述第一应用的多个后台页面对应的多张卡片，包括：所述页面管理界面用于按照预设显示方式显示所 述第一应用的多个后台页面对应的多张卡片，所述预设显示方式包括如下一项或几项：所述多张卡片横向交叠显示，所述多张卡片横向并列显示，所述多张卡片在页面管理界面上平铺显示。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述电子设备在显示第一界面的过程中，设置所述第一界面对应的所述第一页面对应于焦点窗口。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，响应于用户在所述页面管理界面上对所述多张卡片中的第一卡片的第二操作，所述电子设备显示第二界面，包括：
    响应于用户在所述页面管理界面上对所述多张卡片中的第一卡片的第二操作，所述电子设备设置所述第一卡片对应的所述第二页面对应于焦点窗口后，显示所述第二界面。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述电子设备设置所述第一卡片对应的所述第二页面对应于焦点窗口之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述电子设备不销毁所述第一页面。
  17. 根据权利要求1-16任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述电子设备的活动服务管理AMS通过树状结构管理方式管理所述第一应用的页面。
  18. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括：处理器、存储器和显示屏，所述存储器和所述显示屏与所述处理器耦合，所述存储器用于存储计算机程序代码，所述计算机程序代码包括计算机指令，当所述处理器从所述存储器中读取所述计算机指令，使得所述电子设备执行如权利要求1-17中任意一项所述的方法。
  19. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质包括计算机程序，当所述计算机程序在电子设备上运行时，使得所述电子设备执行如权利要求1-17中任意一项所述的方法。
  20. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，当所述计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1-17中任意一项所述的方法。
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