WO2024037133A1 - 电池包和车辆 - Google Patents

电池包和车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024037133A1
WO2024037133A1 PCT/CN2023/098599 CN2023098599W WO2024037133A1 WO 2024037133 A1 WO2024037133 A1 WO 2024037133A1 CN 2023098599 W CN2023098599 W CN 2023098599W WO 2024037133 A1 WO2024037133 A1 WO 2024037133A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pole
heat
battery
battery pack
present disclosure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/098599
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑卫鑫
吴艳凤
尤悦丘
舒元茂
詹子恒
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Publication of WO2024037133A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024037133A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to battery packs and vehicles.
  • power battery systems generate large amounts of heat during fast charging and have poor heat dissipation capabilities, resulting in limited fast charging capabilities of conventional power battery systems.
  • An object of the present disclosure is to provide a battery pack that can solve the technical problem in the prior art that battery packs have poor heat dissipation effects, resulting in limited fast charging capabilities.
  • a battery pack including: a single battery, the single battery including a casing, a battery core and a plurality of poles, a receiving space is defined in the casing, and the battery is The core is provided in the accommodation space, the housing has at least a first surface and a second surface, the pole is provided on the electric core and protrudes from the first surface of the housing, and at least one of the The pole is a sheet-shaped body; a heat transfer member is capable of transferring the heat on the single cell close to the first surface to the second surface.
  • the housing has an edge extending along a first direction, a second direction and a third direction, the first direction and the second direction define a first plane, the first direction and the third direction define a second plane, the second direction and the third direction define a third plane; the first surface is connected to the second surface, and the first surface is connected to the The third plane is parallel, and the second surface is parallel to the second plane.
  • the second surface has a surface area greater than that of the first surface.
  • the heat transfer member includes: a thermal conductive member, the thermal conductive member is disposed on the first surface and is thermally connected to the pole, and the thermal conductive member extends toward the location of the second surface. , to transfer the heat of the pole to the second surface.
  • the thermal conductive members are thermally conductively connected to poles of two adjacent single cells.
  • the heat transfer member further includes a first connection part, a second connection part and a third connection part connected in sequence, the first connection part, the second connection part and the third connection part
  • the connecting portion is formed with a receiving groove, and the receiving groove is used to receive the heat conductive member.
  • the first connecting portion is connected to the pole of one of the two single cells, and the second connecting portion Connected to the pole of the other of the two single cells, the third connection part is located between the first connection part and the second connection part and is respectively connected to the first connection part connected to the second connecting part.
  • the heat transfer member further includes a fourth connection portion, and the fourth connection portion is provided on the third connection portion.
  • the fourth connecting portion is thermally conductively connected to the thermal conductive member and the second surface respectively.
  • the battery pack further includes: a heat sink, at least a part of the heat sink is disposed opposite to the first surface and capable of heat exchange with the pole.
  • the heat sink includes at least one tubular member having a first fluid channel therein for cooling fluid to flow, and a portion of the tubular member is formed as at least a portion of the heat transfer member.
  • the battery pack further includes: a cooler, the cooler is thermally conductively connected to the second surface.
  • a second fluid channel is provided in the cooler for cooling fluid to flow, and the cooler is thermally connected to the heat transfer member.
  • the number of the coolers is two, and the single battery is located between the two coolers.
  • the pole is parallel to the third plane.
  • a vehicle including the battery pack of any of the above embodiments.
  • the sheet-shaped pole is used to increase the flow area
  • the heat transfer member is used to achieve rapid heat dissipation near the first surface, especially at the location of the pole, thereby achieving Battery pack for fast charging purpose.
  • Figure 1 is a partial exploded view of a single cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 is a schematic assembly diagram of a pole and a current collector according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a single battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the current flow of the single cell in Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a single cell from an angle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a single cell from another angle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the current flow of the single cell in Figures 5 and 6;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a single battery cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a single cell from another angle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the current flow of the single cell in Figures 8 and 9;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic assembly diagram of a single battery and a heat dissipation component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 12 is a partial exploded view of a battery pack according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic assembly diagram of a single battery and an explosion-proof valve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a connector from an angle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the connector from another angle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the second thermal conductive member and two single cells according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 17 is an enlarged view of area A circled in Figure 16;
  • Figure 18 is a schematic assembly diagram of a pole and a cover plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • pole group 3 positive pole 31; negative pole 32; pole 33; first connecting section 331; second connecting section 332;
  • the battery pack 1000 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • the present disclosure provides a battery pack 1000 , which includes a single battery 2 and a heat transfer member.
  • the single battery 2 includes a housing 21, a battery core 22 and a plurality of poles 33.
  • a housing space is defined in the housing 21, and the battery core 22 is provided in the housing space.
  • the housing 21 has at least a first surface 213 and On the second surface 214, the poles 33 are disposed on the battery core 22 and protrude from the casing 21 from the first surface 213.
  • At least one pole 33 is a sheet-shaped body, and the heat transfer member can move the single cell 2 close to the first surface 213. of heat is transferred to the second surface 214.
  • the battery pack 1000 in the embodiment of the present disclosure mainly consists of a single battery 2 and a heat transfer member.
  • the single battery 2 mainly consists of a casing 21 , a battery core 22 and a plurality of poles 33 .
  • the housing 21 has an accommodating space.
  • the accommodating space can function as an accommodating space, and the battery core 22 can be accommodated in the accommodating space.
  • the outer surface of the housing 21 can include at least a first surface 213 and a second surface 214 .
  • the electric core 22 is provided with a pole 33. Specifically, the pole 33 can extend out of the housing 21 from the first surface 213 to realize the extraction of the pole 33.
  • the number of poles 33 is at least two.
  • one pole 33 can serve as the positive pole 31 and the other pole 33 can serve as the negative pole 32 .
  • a positive pole 31 and a negative pole 32 form a pole group.
  • the positive pole 31 and the negative pole 32 may be disposed on the same first surface 213, or the positive pole 31 and the negative pole 32 may be disposed on different first surfaces 213. This is not a limitation.
  • the plurality of pole groups can be located on the same side or on different sides of the housing 21 , which is not limited here. That is to say, as long as the pole 33 is disposed on the first surface 213, it falls within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
  • the cell 22 includes at least one cell body 221 and a current collector 222 connected to the corresponding cell body 221.
  • Each cell body 221 may include a positive electrode piece, a separator, and a negative electrode piece.
  • Each cell body 221 The corresponding current collector 222 can be divided into a positive current collector and a negative current collector. The positive current collector is connected to the positive electrode piece, and the negative current collector is connected to the negative electrode piece.
  • the positive current collector is connected to the positive electrode post 31
  • the negative electrode current collector is connected to the negative electrode post 32 .
  • the pole group 3 includes but is not limited to the following situations: Situation 1. In a pole group 3, only the positive pole 31 is a sheet-shaped pole. 33; Case 2: Only the negative pole 32 in a pole group 3 is a flake pole 33; Case 3: Both the positive pole 31 and the negative pole 32 in a pole group 3 are flake poles 33.
  • the pole 33 may include a first connecting section 331 and a second connecting section 332, wherein the first connecting section 331 can be used to connect with the current collector 222, and the second connecting section 332 can be connected with the first connecting section 331.
  • the second connecting section 332 can be used to connect with external electrical equipment, wherein the first connecting section 331 and/or the second connecting section 332 is a sheet-shaped body.
  • the first connecting section 331 and the second connecting section 332 are connected respectively.
  • the first connecting section 331 can be used to connect with the current collector 222, for example, with the positive electrode current collector or the negative electrode current collector.
  • the tabs of the disclosed battery core 22 can be a combination of positive and negative electrode foil materials, and the current collector 222 can be a structure formed by welding the tabs. At this time, the current collector 222 and the tabs can be two different states of the same material. It should be noted that whether the tabs and the current collector 222 are provided separately, or whether the tabs and the current collector 222 belong to the same structure, they all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
  • the first end of the second connection section 332 is connected to the first connection section 331, and the second end of the second connection section 332 is used to connect to external electrical equipment.
  • the second connecting section 332 is located on the left side of the first connecting section 331.
  • the right end of the first connecting section 331 can be connected to the positive electrode current collector or the negative electrode current collector.
  • the left end of the first connecting section 331 can be connected to the second connecting section 332.
  • the right end is connected, and the left end of the second connection section 332 can be connected to external electrical equipment.
  • the pole 33 includes the following situations: Case 1, only the first connecting section 331 is a sheet-shaped body; Second, only the second connecting section 332 is a sheet-shaped body; Case three, both the first connecting section 331 and the second connecting section 332 are sheet-shaped.
  • the traditional pole in the prior art is a cylindrical body.
  • the traditional pole is located at the end of the battery core, and the diameter of the cylindrical body needs to be smaller than the thickness of the battery core.
  • the surface area of the cylindrical body is related to its own diameter, so the surface area of the cylindrical body is smaller.
  • at least a part of the pole 33 of the present disclosure has a sheet-like body structure, the thickness of the sheet-like body is small, and the dimensions of the sheet-like body in multiple directions can be different from each other. For example, even if the sheet-like body has The thickness is smaller than the thickness of the battery core 22, and the sheet-shaped body can also be expanded in other directions to increase the total area of the pole 33.
  • the sheet-shaped body when the thickness direction of the sheet-shaped body is in the front-to-back direction, the sheet-shaped body can be expanded in length. Dimensions in direction and height.
  • the first connecting section 331 adopts a sheet structure, not only the area of the pole 33 can be increased, but also the flow area of the current collector 222 can be increased.
  • the poles in the prior art are led out through connecting pieces, and the conventional connecting piece design will also generate serious heat due to the limited flow area.
  • increasing the area of the poles 33 can improve the heat dissipation effect, and increasing the flow area can reduce the degree of heat generation, which solves the problem of fast charging capabilities of batteries with traditional poles in the prior art. limited technical issues.
  • the pole 33 of this embodiment adopts a sheet structure, not only the area of the pole 33 can be increased, but also the flow area of the current collector 222 can be increased.
  • the area of the pole 33 it is conducive to rapid heat dissipation of the pole 33, and by increasing the flow area, the heat generation is reduced, which is conducive to improving the charging efficiency of the single battery 2, improving the fast charging capability of the single battery 2, and realizing the battery
  • the battery pack 1000 can provide power for vehicles and the like as a power battery.
  • the battery pack 1000 of the present disclosure also includes a heat transfer member that transfers the heat on the single cell 2 close to the first surface 213 to the second surface 214 . That is to say, the heat transfer member can transfer the heat near the pole 33 The heat is transferred to other positions, realizing rapid heat dissipation of the heat at positions near the pole 33 .
  • the battery pack 1000 of the embodiment of the present disclosure increases the flow area by using the sheet-shaped poles 33, and on the other hand, uses the heat transfer member to achieve rapid heat dissipation near the poles 33, thereby achieving the improvement of the battery pack 1000. for fast charging purposes.
  • the pole 33 is an integrally molded piece.
  • the pole 33 can be prepared through an integral molding process, such as stamping, and the pole 33 includes a first connecting section 331 and a second connecting section 332 .
  • the pole 33 by using an integrally formed pole 33, which is beneficial to processing and production.
  • the step of connecting the first connecting section 331 and the second connecting section 332 can be omitted.
  • the pole 33 is a rectangular piece.
  • the first connecting section 331 and the second connecting section 332 can be combined to form a rectangular piece, and the rectangular piece is a plate. shape parts.
  • the first connecting section 331 and the second connecting section 332 can extend along the same plane, the first connecting section 331 is located on the left side of the second connecting section 332, and the first connecting section 331 and the second connecting section 332 are respectively along the horizontal plane. extending in the same direction and located on the same horizontal plane.
  • pole 33 facilitates the connection between the pole 33 and the current collector 222 and external electrical equipment.
  • one side of the rectangular piece is connected to the current collector 222 to ensure a sufficiently large cross-circuit. flow area.
  • the distance between the two sides of the pole 33 along its thickness direction is uniform.
  • the length direction of the pole 33 extends along the horizontal direction
  • the thickness direction extends along the up and down direction.
  • the spacing between the upper and lower surfaces of the pole 33 is the same for multiple locations on the pole 33 .
  • the use of sheet poles 33 with uniform thickness is beneficial to improving processing efficiency.
  • the housing 21 has an edge extending along a first direction, a second direction and a third direction, the first direction and the second direction define a first plane, the first direction and the third direction define a The second plane, the second direction and the third direction define a third plane; the first surface 213 is connected to the second surface 214, and the first surface 213 is parallel to the third plane, and the second surface 214 is parallel to the second plane.
  • the housing 21 extends along the first direction, the second direction and the third direction respectively, that is, has the first edge, the second edge and the third edge, wherein the first edge extends along the first direction, and the second edge extends along the first direction, the second direction and the third direction.
  • the edge extends along the second direction, and the third edge extends along the third direction.
  • a first plane can be defined by the first direction and the second direction
  • a second plane can be defined by the first direction and the third direction
  • a third plane can be defined by the second direction and the third direction.
  • the first direction is the x-axis direction
  • the third direction is the y-direction
  • the second direction is the z-axis direction.
  • the first plane is the xz plane
  • the second plane is the xy plane
  • the third plane is the yz plane.
  • the housing 21 may be a cube
  • the first direction may be the length direction
  • the second direction may be the up and down direction
  • the third direction may be the front and rear direction.
  • the size of the battery core 22 in the first direction is larger than the size in the second direction
  • the pole group 3 is disposed on the battery core body 221 in the third direction.
  • the battery core 22 is an existing battery core structure with a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the length direction of the battery core 22 is parallel to the first direction
  • the height direction of the battery core 22 is parallel to the second direction
  • the thickness direction of the battery core 22 is parallel to the third direction.
  • the direction is parallel.
  • the number of the pole groups 3 on one cell body 221 may be one or more, and the pole groups 3 are all provided at the ends of the cell body 221 in the first direction.
  • this embodiment includes one pole group 3 at one end of the battery core body 221 in the first direction, and another pole group 3 at one end of the battery core body 221 . 221 is at the other end of the first direction; it also includes the situation that multiple pole groups 3 are located at the same end of the cell body 221 in the first direction; in addition, it also includes the case where the number of the cell body 221 is multiple , the pole group 3 of each cell body 221 is located at the end of the corresponding cell body 221 in the first direction, etc., which will not be described again here.
  • this embodiment includes the situation where the positive pole 31 and the negative pole 32 of a pole group 3 on a cell body 221 are located on opposite sides of the cell body 221; and a cell body 221 has multiple poles.
  • the battery core The case where the body 221 has the same polarity on the same side in the first direction; it also includes the case where there are multiple pole groups 3 on one battery core body 221. The same side of the body 221 in the first direction has different polarities, etc.
  • the pole group 3 at the end of the battery core body 221 in the first direction, that is, on the first surface 213 , on the one hand, it is avoided that the battery core body 221 needs to be prepared outside in the second direction. Leaving space to extend the heat dissipation path; on the other hand, it is beneficial to increase the maximum size range of the battery cell body 221 in the second direction and increase the battery capacity.
  • the heat transfer direction of the heat transfer member can be further limited to avoid heat accumulation near the first surface 213 and damaging the pole.
  • the heat dissipation effect near 33 has an impact.
  • the surface area of second surface 214 is greater than the surface area of first surface 213 . That is to say, in this embodiment, the pole 33 is arranged on the first surface 213 with a smaller area, and the heat near the first surface 213 is transferred to the vicinity of the second surface 214 with a larger area through the heat transfer member. , can expand the heat dissipation area and further improve the heat dissipation effect.
  • the housing 21 may include a side plate 211 and a cover plate 212.
  • the side plate 211 encloses and defines an accommodation space, which can be used to accommodate the battery core 22.
  • the cover plate 212 can close the accommodation space.
  • the cover plate 212 is provided with a through-mounting hole, and the pole post 33 of the present disclosure can pass through the mounting hole to be connected to the current collector 222 at the end of the cell body 221 .
  • the cover plate 212 is provided with a first surface 213, and the first surface 213 can serve as an end surface.
  • the side plate 211 is provided with a second surface 214 and a front side and a rear side parallel to the first plane.
  • the second surface 214 can be used as a top surface and a bottom surface.
  • the pole 33 since at least part of the pole 33 has a sheet-like structure, by cooperating with the current collector 222 and the cell body 221 , the pole 33 can be led out in a sheet shape through the end face of the housing 21 , and the sheet led out from the end face can be realized.
  • the total number of lead-out poles 33 can be one but is not limited to one.
  • the areas of the front side and the rear side are respectively larger than the area of the second surface 214 and the area of the second surface 214 is larger than the area of the first surface 213, and the shape of the housing 21 is substantially the same as the shape of the cell body 221, therefore
  • the front and rear sides may be defined as large faces and the second surface 214 as a small face.
  • the explosion-proof valve 1 can be designed on the side of the battery body 221 in the second direction, or on the side of the battery body 221 in the third direction. .
  • a cooler can be provided on the side of the explosion-proof valve 1 away from the cell body 221.
  • a cooler is provided above the explosion-proof valve 1.
  • an avoidance structure is provided on the cooler to avoid obstruction. Opening of explosion-proof valve 1.
  • the exhaust direction 11 of the explosion-proof valve 1 can be as shown in Figure 13, first upward and then outward.
  • the side cover needs to reserve positions for poles, explosion-proof valves, liquid injection holes, etc., which is limited by the height space of the cover, and the pole lugs and poles are not easily accessible.
  • the flow area is small and the heat generation is high, resulting in limited fast charging.
  • the explosion-proof valve 1 is prevented from being arranged on the first surface 213 together with the pole 33 , which can increase the area of the sheet pole 33 .
  • the size of the explosion-proof valve 1 can be increased according to the space of the battery core body 221 in the second direction and the third direction, and the number of explosion-proof valves 1 can be increased, thereby improving the system thermal safety of the battery pack 1000 .
  • the explosion-proof valve 1 can be arranged on a small surface. Since the expansion degree of the large surface is likely to be greater than the expansion degree of the small surface, by limiting the installation position of the explosion-proof valve 1, the explosion-proof valve 1 can be avoided from being disposed on the large surface.
  • the large extrusion surface improves safety performance.
  • a second surface 214 of each single cell 2 can be located on the same side. In this case, the installation position of the explosion-proof valve 1 can also be set on the same side. Improved structural compactness and ease of installation.
  • the positive electrode post 31 of the pole group 3 is provided at one end of the battery core body 221 in the first direction, and the negative electrode post 32 is provided at the battery core.
  • the body 221 is at the other end in the first direction.
  • the first direction extends along the left-right direction.
  • the pole group 3 includes a positive pole 31 and a negative pole 32.
  • the positive pole 32 31 is located at the left end of the cell body 221
  • the negative pole 32 is located at the right end of the cell body 221, forming a double-sided monopole column structure.
  • the length direction of the battery cell body 221 extends in the left-right direction
  • a positive pole 31 is located on the left side of the battery body 221
  • a negative pole 32 is located on the right side of the battery body 221.
  • the direction of current is from left to right.
  • each positive pole 31 is located on the battery core body 221 .
  • each negative electrode post 32 is located on the right side of the battery core body 221. That is to say, there are multiple positive electrode posts 31 on the left side of the battery core body 221, and on the right side of the battery core body 221.
  • a plurality of negative electrode posts 32 are provided at the same time.
  • the length direction of the battery core body 221 extends along the left and right directions, and the number of the pole groups 3 is two.
  • the two pole groups 3 are divided into a first pole group and a second pole group.
  • the positive pole 31 of the first pole group and the positive pole 31 of the second pole group are respectively located on the left side of the battery core body 221, and the negative pole 32 of the first pole group and the negative pole of the second pole group 32 are respectively located on the right side of the cell body 221.
  • the current direction inside the cell body 221 is from left to right. It can be seen that this embodiment includes the case where the opposite sides of the battery core body 221 in the first direction have different polarities and the same side has the same polarity.
  • the number of pole groups 3 on one cell body 221 is multiple, and the plurality of pole groups 3 are spaced apart in the second direction.
  • the second direction of the cell body 221 extends along the up and down direction, and the plurality of pole groups 3 are spaced apart and distributed along the up and down direction.
  • the number of pole groups 3 is two, the positive pole 31 of the first pole group is located above the positive pole 31 of the second pole group, and the negative pole 32 of the first pole group is located above the second pole group. Above the negative pole 32 of the column group.
  • the plurality of pole groups 3 can be located on the same side or on different sides of the battery core body 221 in the first direction, which is not limited here.
  • the battery core body 221 has the same polarity on the same side in the first direction and different polarities on the same side.
  • the positive pole 31 and the negative pole 32 of the pole group 3 are disposed at the same end of the battery body 221 in the first direction.
  • the first direction of the battery core 22 is the left-right direction
  • a pole group 3 is provided on a battery core body 221.
  • the positive pole 31 and the negative pole 32 of the pole group 3 are simultaneously located on the left side of the battery core body 221. side or right side, depending on the position of the current collector 222 .
  • the first direction is arranged sequentially.
  • the first battery core body is located on the left side of the second battery core body.
  • the pole group of the first battery core body 3 is located on the far left side of the first cell body, and the pole group of the second cell body is located on the far right side of the second cell body.
  • the case where the cell body 221 has different polarities on the same side in the first direction is included.
  • the number of battery core bodies 221 is two.
  • the two battery core bodies 221 are sequentially distributed along the first direction.
  • Each battery core body 221 is provided with at least one pole.
  • Group 3, in the first direction, the pole group 3 of one cell body 221 is located at one end of the cell 22, and the pole group 3 of the other cell body 221 is located at the other end of the cell.
  • the two battery core bodies 221 are defined as a first battery core body and a second battery core body, and the first battery core body and the second battery core body are sequentially distributed along the first direction.
  • the pole group 3 corresponding to the first battery cell body may be located on the leftmost side of the first battery cell body, and the pole group 3 corresponding to the second battery cell body may be located on the rightmost side of the second battery cell body.
  • the positive electrode post 31 and the negative electrode post 32 of the pole group 3 of the first battery cell body are disposed on the left side of the first battery cell body in the first direction
  • the pole group 3 of the second battery cell body is The positive pole 31 and the negative pole 32 are disposed on the right side of the second cell body in the first direction.
  • the two pole groups 3 are defined as the first pole group and the second pole group.
  • the post group corresponds to the first battery core body
  • the second pole group corresponds to the second battery core body.
  • First The positive pole 31 and the negative pole 32 of the pole group are located on the left side of the first cell body, and the positive pole 31 and negative pole 32 of the second pole group are located on the right side of the second cell body, as shown in the figure.
  • the current conduction direction inside the battery core is: from the positive pole 31 of the first pole group on the left through the interior of the first battery core body and back to the negative pole of the first pole group.
  • Column 32 The positive pole 31 of the second pole group on the right is wound back to the negative pole 32 of the second pole group through the interior of the second cell body.
  • the positive pole 31 and the negative pole 32 can be designed on the same side or on different sides.
  • the poles 33 can be flexibly distributed on the cover 212 according to the actual required size of the poles 33 and the height of the poles 33 that can be manufactured.
  • the design of different polarities on the same side can not only increase the overcurrent of the current collector 222, but also change the current direction, shorten the current conduction path, and effectively reduce heat generation.
  • the pole 33 is welded to the corresponding current collector 222 , and the connection firmness between the pole group 3 and the corresponding current collector 222 is improved by using welding.
  • the pole 33 is in surface contact with the corresponding current collector 222 , and a larger contact area is used to increase the flow area.
  • the maximum length of the pole 33 can be defined as L1
  • the length of the cover 212 can be defined as L2
  • the gap from the pole 33 to the cover 212 can be defined as L3
  • the two adjacent poles 33 The gap between them can be defined as L4
  • the number of poles 33 can be defined as N
  • the number and size of the sheet poles 33 on the cover plate 212 can be designed according to the above formula.
  • the heat transfer member includes a first heat conductive member 44 , which is disposed on the first surface 213 and thermally connected to the pole 33 .
  • the first heat conductive member 44 extends toward the location of the second surface 214 , to transfer the heat of the pole 33 to the second surface 214 , that is to say, since the first thermal conductive member 44 extends generally toward the second surface 214 , and the first thermal conductor 44 is thermally connected to the pole 33 , by using The way in which the pole 33 is thermally connected to the first heat conductive member 44 can transfer heat from the first surface 213 near the pole 33 to the second surface 214 .
  • the heat transfer member in the present disclosure draws out the heat near the first surface 213, not only from the pole 33, but also from the current collector, etc., that is, it can draw out the heat from the pole 33 itself and the pole. Heat around 33.
  • the number of single cells 2 is multiple, and the first thermal conductive members 44 are thermally connected to the poles 33 of two adjacent single cells 2 respectively. That is to say, one first thermal conductive member 44 can cooperate with two single cells 2 at the same time, that is, two adjacent single cells 2 can share one first thermal conductive member 44, which improves the compactness of the structure.
  • multiple single cells 2 are arranged sequentially along a third direction, and the third direction may be the thickness direction of the single cells 2 .
  • the first thermal conductive member 44 may be thermally conductively connected to the poles 33 of the two single cells 2 adjacently arranged in the third direction.
  • the number of single cells 2 is two, which are divided into a first single cell and a second single cell.
  • the first single cell has a first pole group
  • the second single cell has a first pole group. Two pole groups, one pole 33 of the first pole group is located on the left side of the first unit cell, and one pole 33 of the second pole group is also located on the left side of the second unit cell.
  • the single cells and the second single cell are arranged sequentially along the third direction, so at least one pole 33 of the first single cell and at least one pole 33 of the second single cell are arranged adjacent to each other in the third direction. There is a gap between them.
  • a first thermal conductive member 44 is provided at the gap position, and one first thermal conductive member 44 can conduct heat to the poles 33 of two single cells at the same time.
  • the length of the first heat conductive member 44 can be equal to or greater than the length of the pole 33 . When the length is equal, the heat dissipation effect for the pole 33 can be ensured. When it is greater than the length of the pole 33 When the length of the pole 33 is 33, it is beneficial to transfer the heat of the pole 33 to a larger range.
  • the first heat conductive member 44 is in surface contact with the pole 33, which can increase the heat transfer effect.
  • the battery pack 1000 further includes a connecting member 46 . At least a part is located between the radiator 45 and the pole 33 and is thermally connected to the radiator 45 and the pole 33 respectively.
  • the connector 46 By providing the connector 46, the difficulty in installing the heat sink and the pole 33 and the low firmness are solved.
  • the radiator 45 can be located outside the connector 46.
  • the pole 33 may be located inside the connector 46 .
  • the heat transfer member further includes a first connecting part 461, a second connecting part 462, and a third connecting part 463 connected in sequence, that is, the connecting part 46 includes the first connecting part 461, the second connecting part 462 and the third connection part 463.
  • the first connecting part 461 , the second connecting part 462 and the third connecting part 463 cooperate to form a receiving groove.
  • the connecting part 46 including the first connecting part 461 , the second connecting part 462 and the third connecting part 463 can cooperate to form a similar shape. "" shaped member, the receiving groove is used to receive the heat conductive member, the first connecting part 461 is connected to the pole 33 of one of the two single cells 2, and the second connecting part 462 is connected to the other of the two single cells 2.
  • the pole posts 33 are connected, and the third connecting part 463 is located between the first connecting part 461 and the second connecting part 462 and is connected to the first connecting part 461 and the second connecting part 462 respectively.
  • the connector 46 includes a first connecting portion 461 , a second connecting portion 462 and a third connecting portion 463 .
  • the first connecting portion 461 is connected to two adjacent connecting portions in the third direction.
  • the pole 33 of one of the single cells 2 is connected to each other.
  • the second connecting portion 462 is connected to the pole 33 of the other of the two adjacent single cells 2 in the third direction.
  • the third connecting portions 463 are respectively It is connected to the first connecting part 461 and the second connecting part 462, and is formed with a receiving groove, and the receiving groove is used to receive the first heat conductive member 44.
  • the third direction is the front-to-back direction
  • the first connecting part 461 and the second connecting part 462 may be spaced apart along the front-to-back direction
  • the third connecting part 463 may be located between the first connecting part 461 and the second connecting part 462
  • the rear end of the third connection part 463 is connected to the first connection part 461
  • the front end of the third connection part 463 is connected to the second connection part 462 .
  • the first thermal conductive member 44 is located between the first connecting part 461 and the second connecting part 462, and is thermally connected to the first connecting part 461, the second connecting part 462 and the third connecting part 463 respectively.
  • the third connection part 463 is thermally connected to the heat sink 45 .
  • the heat transfer member further includes a fourth connection portion 464.
  • the fourth connection portion 464 is provided at an end of the third connection portion 463 close to the second surface 214.
  • the fourth connection portion 464 is connected to the heat conductive member and the heat transfer member respectively.
  • the second surface 214 is thermally conductively connected.
  • the connector 46 further includes a fourth connecting portion 464 , which is located on the same side of the third connecting portion 463 as the first connecting portion 461 and the second connecting portion 462 .
  • the fourth connecting part 464 is provided at at least one end of the third connecting part 463 in the second direction.
  • the fourth connecting portion 464 can limit the position of the first heat conductive member 44 .
  • the number of fourth connecting parts 464 is two, one fourth connecting part 464 is located at the upper end of the third connecting part 463, and the other fourth connecting part 464 is located at the lower end of the third connecting part 463.
  • the first connecting part 461 , the second connecting part 462 , the third connecting part 463 and the fourth connecting part 464 can conduct heat from the outer periphery of the first heat conducting member 44 in multiple directions, thereby transferring the heat to the heat sink 45 in a timely and efficient manner.
  • the fourth connection part 463 is thermally connected to the cooler.
  • the battery pack 1000 further includes a heat sink 45 , at least a portion of the heat sink 45 is disposed opposite the first surface 213 and is capable of heat exchange with the pole 33 .
  • the heat dissipation component includes a radiator 45 .
  • the radiator 45 is located on the side of the pole 33 away from the cell body 221 in the first direction, and is thermally connected to the pole 33 .
  • designing the heat sink 45 outside the pole 33 can reduce the temperature rise of the pole 33 .
  • the radiator 45 includes at least one tubular member with a first fluid channel inside the tubular member for cooling fluid to flow.
  • a portion of the tubular member is formed as at least a portion of the heat transfer member.
  • the tubular member has a longer length.
  • a part of the tubular member extends along the third direction, and multiple single cells 2 are also arranged sequentially along the third direction, and one tubular member can correspond to the poles 33 of multiple single cells 2 .
  • a tubular member as at least a portion of the heat sink 45, no Only the extension direction of the tubular member can be easily controlled.
  • the tubular member is used as at least a part of the heat transfer member, it is convenient to realize the extraction of heat near the pole 33 through the extension direction of the tubular member; and it is also beneficial to use a tube rotating member.
  • the cooling fluid is poured into the first fluid channel, and the heat exchange between the radiator 45 and the vicinity of the pole 33 can be achieved through the fluid with a temperature difference.
  • the number of tubular members is multiple, for example, the number of tubular members is four.
  • the four tubular members are arranged sequentially along the second direction and a part of each tubular member can be disposed opposite to the first surface 213, wherein each tubular member can be arranged opposite to the first surface 213.
  • Two tubular pieces can form an incoming and outgoing loop.
  • the battery pack 1000 further includes a cooler thermally connected to the second surface 214 .
  • a cooler thermally connected to the second surface 214 .
  • the heat near the second surface 214 can be extracted, and heat exchange with the heat accumulated near the second surface 214 can be achieved through the cooler.
  • the cooler is able to heat exchange heat from the second surface 214 itself. That is to say, by arranging a cooler near the second surface 214 , not only can the heat transfer member cooperate with the cooler, but also the temperature near the first surface 213 , especially near the pole 33 , can be achieved. Timely heat dissipation can also dissipate heat from the second surface 214 to achieve temperature control at multiple locations on the housing 21 .
  • a second fluid channel is provided in the cooler for cooling fluid to flow, and the cooler is thermally connected to the heat transfer member. That is to say, the cooler is provided with a second fluid channel, and the cooling fluid is loaded in the second fluid channel. Since there is a temperature difference between the cooling fluid and the vicinity of the second surface 214, and the fluid inlet and outlet can also be cooperated to achieve fluid flow, achieving the Rapid exchange of heat near second surface 214.
  • the cooler is provided with a second fluid channel
  • the radiator 45 is provided with a first fluid channel.
  • the second fluid channel is connected with the first fluid channel.
  • the cooler can be used as a liquid cooling plate by placing the inside of the radiator 45 Fluid is also provided to realize communication between the radiator 45 and the cooler, which can improve the heat dissipation effect near the pole 33 .
  • the number of coolers is two, and the single cell 2 is located between the two coolers. That is to say, one cooler is located on one side of the single cell 2 and corresponds to a second surface 214 , and another cooler is located on the other side of the single cell 2 and corresponds to another second surface 214 .
  • one second surface 214 can correspond to one or more coolers, for example, two coolers are located on the upper side of the single cell 2 and one cooler is located on the lower side of the single cell 2 . That is to say, regardless of whether the number of coolers corresponding to one side of the single cell 2 is one or multiple, as long as at least one cooler is provided on both sides of the single cell 2, it falls within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
  • the heat dissipation assembly includes two coolers.
  • the two coolers are defined as a first cooler 41 and a second cooler 42 .
  • the first cooler 41 is provided on the single cell 2 At one end in the second direction, the second cooler 42 is provided at the other end of the unit cell 2 in the second direction.
  • the first cooler 41 may be located above the single cell 2 and the second cooler 42 may be located below the single cell 2 .
  • the first cooler 41 enables heat conduction to the upper part of the single cell 2
  • the second cooler 42 enables heat conduction to the lower part of the single cell 2 .
  • the cooperation of the first cooler 41 and the second cooler 42 not only forms a double-sided sandwich-like cooling structure for the single battery 2, but also reduces the height of the single battery 2. Temperature difference. When achieving higher-rate fast charging, battery packs in the prior art use conventional upper or lower single-sided cooling methods, which will cause a large temperature difference in the height direction of the single battery.
  • this embodiment also achieves heat dissipation in the second direction by arranging the first cooler 41 and the second cooler 42 respectively outside the single cell 2 in the second direction, and matches the sheet shape in the first direction.
  • the pole 33 realizes heat dissipation in the first direction, and cooperates with the heat transfer member to lead the heat near the pole 33 to the second surface 214 , thereby achieving multi-directional heat dissipation for the single cell 2 .
  • the heat dissipation assembly further includes a second thermal conductive member 43 , and the second thermal conductive member 43 is thermally conductively connected to the single battery 2 and the cooler respectively. That is to say, heat exchange between the single cell 2 and the cooler can be achieved through the second heat conductive member 43 .
  • the second heat conductive member 43 by providing the second heat conductive member 43, on the one hand, it is avoided that the cooler is in direct contact with the single cell 2, which may easily cause damage to the single cell 2, and on the other hand, it is avoided that the cooler needs to be designed to be too large.
  • one second heat conductive member 43 may correspond to multiple single cells 2 .
  • the cooler and the second thermal conductive member 43 are respectively sheet-shaped bodies, and the second thermal conductive member 43 is in surface contact with the cooler and the single battery 2 respectively.
  • the upper end surface of the second heat conduction member 43 is in contact with the lower end surface of the cooler, and the lower end surface of the second heat conduction member 43 is in contact with the upper end surface of the single cell 2 respectively.
  • the heat conduction area is increased through surface contact, and the unit cell efficiency is improved.
  • the force balance and heat dissipation balance of multiple positions on the unit cell 2 are improved, and when the number of single cells 2 is multiple, the force balance and heat dissipation balance of multiple single cells 2 are improved.
  • the battery pack 1000 also includes a tray, which defines a receiving space.
  • the single battery 2 is located in the receiving space.
  • the heat transfer member, radiator 45, cooler, etc. can also be located in the receiving space, as shown in Figure 11 As shown in Figure 12, the radiator 45 and the cooler are thermally connected to different positions on the single cell 2 respectively.
  • the heat transfer member By using the heat transfer member, the heat near the first surface 213 can be dissipated in time, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency and facilitating the realization of fast charging.
  • At least one end of the receiving space in the axial direction is open, and the cooler serves as the bottom plate or the top plate of the tray.
  • the first cooler 41 serves as the top plate of the tray
  • the second cooler 42 serves as the bottom plate of the tray, which can improve the heat dissipation effect, and can also avoid the tray having the top plate, the bottom plate, the first cooler 41, and the second cooler 41 in the height direction at the same time.
  • the height of the cooler 42 takes up too much space.
  • the pole 33 is parallel to the third plane.
  • the length direction of the pole 33 extends along the second direction
  • the height direction of the pole 33 extends along the first direction. That is to say, the pole 33 has a length direction and a height direction.
  • the length direction of the pole 33 can be parallel to the second direction
  • the height direction of the pole 33 can be parallel to the first direction.
  • by limiting the length direction and height direction of the pole 33 it is convenient for the pole 33 to be connected to the current collector 222 and external electrical equipment respectively.
  • the connecting piece 46 is welded to the pole 33, and the connection reliability can be increased through welding.
  • the side surfaces of the sheet-shaped pole posts 33 are in surface contact with the connector 46.
  • the length direction of the pole posts 33 extends in the up-down direction, and the height direction extends in the left-right direction.
  • the pole posts 33 are on the side surfaces in the thickness direction of the battery core body 221. Contacting the side of the connector 46 can increase the welding joint area between the pole 33 and the connector 46 .
  • the connecting piece 46 is bonded to the heat sink 45, which can improve assembly efficiency.
  • the first heat conductive member 44 is also thermally connected to the current collector 222 corresponding to the pole 33 to improve the heat dissipation effect of the current collector 222 .
  • the connecting piece 46 is thermally connected to the cooler.
  • the first thermal conductive member 44 can be made of high thermal conductive material.
  • the third connecting portion 463 can lead heat upward and/or downward along the cover plate 212. to the cooler to increase heat dissipation.
  • the heat of the pole 33 and the current collector 222 can be taken away through the connector 46 to improve the fast charging capability. Specifically, it includes but is not limited to the following heat dissipation paths:
  • Heat dissipation path two current collector 222 ⁇ first heat conductive member 44 ⁇ connecting member 46 ⁇ heat sink 45.
  • the pole posts 33 the single cells 2 and the battery pack 1000 according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, new sheet-shaped poles are used. 33 structure and the design of heat transfer parts with high heat dissipation paths improve the high-rate fast charging capability. Different from the traditional two-pole battery cell with one positive and one negative side, this disclosure uses a sheet-shaped lead-out pole 33, which greatly utilizes the space of the cover plate 212, increases the heat dissipation area of the current collector 222, and improves the efficiency of the battery core 22.
  • Overcurrent capability combine the design of heat transfer components and the design of coolers and heat sinks, such as setting up a cooler on both sides, matching the connector 46 with the radiator 45, and increasing the first heat conduction between the connector 46 and the cover 212
  • the component 44 is used to take away the temperature rise of the pole 33, etc., which can improve the overall fast charging capability of the power battery.
  • the present disclosure also provides a vehicle, which includes the battery pack 1000 of any of the above embodiments. Since the battery pack 1000 has good heat dissipation effect and improves fast charging capability, the vehicle of the present disclosure also has the advantage of high fast charging capability, which will not be described in detail here.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

一种车辆，具有电池包，该电池包包括单体电池和热量传递件，单体电池包括壳体、电芯和多个极柱，壳体内限定有容纳空间，电芯设于容纳空间，壳体至少具有第一表面和第二表面，极柱设于电芯且从第一表面伸出壳体，至少一个极柱为片状体；热量传递件，热量传递件能够将单体电池上靠近第一表面的热量传递至第二表面。

Description

电池包和车辆
本公开要求于2022年08月19日提交中国专利局，申请号为2022110013407，申请名称为“电池包和车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及电池领域，具体地，涉及电池包和车辆。
背景技术
相关技术中，动力电池系统在快充时会产生较大热量，散热能力较差，导致常规动力电池系统的快充能力受限。
发明内容
本公开的一个目的是提供一种电池包，能够解决现有技术中的电池包的散热效果差，导致快充能力受限的技术问题。
根据本公开的第一方面，提供了一种电池包，包括：单体电池，所述单体电池包括壳体、电芯和多个极柱，所述壳体内限定有容纳空间，所述电芯设于所述容纳空间，所述壳体至少具有第一表面和第二表面，所述极柱设于所述电芯且从所述第一表面伸出所述壳体，至少一个所述极柱为片状体；热量传递件，所述热量传递件能够将所述单体电池上靠近所述第一表面的热量传递至所述第二表面。
根据本公开的实施例，所述壳体具有沿第一方向、第二方向和第三方向延伸的边沿，所述第一方向与所述第二方向限定出第一平面，所述第一方向与所述第三方向限定出第二平面，所述第二方向与所述第三方向限定出第三平面；所述第一表面与所述第二表面连接，且所述第一表面与所述第三平面平行，所述第二表面与所述第二平面平行。
根据本公开的实施例，所述第二表面的表面积大于所述第一表面的表面积。
根据本公开的实施例，所述热量传递件包括：导热件，所述导热件设于所述第一表面且与所述极柱导热连接，所述导热件朝向所述第二表面所在位置延伸，以将所述极柱的热量传递至所述第二表面。
根据本公开的实施例，所述单体电池的数量为多个，所述导热件分别与相邻设置的两个所述单体电池的极柱导热连接。
根据本公开的实施例，所述热量传递件还包括依次连接的第一连接部、第二连接部和第三连接部，所述第一连接部、所述第二连接部和所述第三连接部配合形成有容纳槽，所述容纳槽用于收容所述导热件，所述第一连接部与两个所述单体电池中的一个的所述极柱连接，所述第二连接部与两个所述单体电池中的另一个的所述极柱连接，所述第三连接部位于所述第一连接部和所述第二连接部之间且分别与所述第一连接部和所述第二连接部连接。
根据本公开的实施例，所述热量传递件还包括第四连接部，所述第四连接部设于所述第三连接 部靠近所述第二表面的端部，所述第四连接部分别与所述导热件和所述第二表面导热连接。
根据本公开的实施例，所述的电池包还包括：散热器，所述散热器的至少一部分与所述第一表面相对设置，且能够与所述极柱热交换。
根据本公开的实施例，所述散热器包括至少一个管状件，所述管状件内具有第一流体通道以供冷却流体流动，所述管状件的一部分形成为所述热量传递件的至少一部分。
根据本公开的实施例，所述的电池包还包括：冷却器，所述冷却器与所述第二表面导热连接。
根据本公开的实施例，所述冷却器内设有第二流体通道以供冷却流体流动，所述冷却器与所述热量传递件导热连接。
根据本公开的实施例，所述冷却器的数量为两个，所述单体电池位于两个所述冷却器之间。
根据本公开的实施例，所述极柱平行于所述第三平面。
根据本公开的第二方面，提供了一种车辆，包括上述任一实施例的电池包。
根据本公开的一个实施例，一方面通过采用片状的极柱提高过流面积，又一方面通过采用热量传递件实现第一表面附近位置，特别是极柱所在位置的快速散热，实现了对于电池包的快速充电的目的。
通过以下参照附图对本公开的示例性实施例的详细描述，本公开的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
本公开的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是本公开提供的一个实施例的单体电池的局部爆炸图；
图2是本公开提供的一个实施例的极柱与集流体的装配示意图；
图3是本公开提供的一个实施例的单体电池的结构示意图；
图4是图3中的单体电池的电流流向示意图；
图5是本公开提供的一个实施例的单体电池的一个角度的结构示意图；
图6是本公开提供的一个实施例的单体电池的又一个角度的结构示意图；
图7是图5和图6中的单体电池的电流流向示意图；
图8是本公开提供的一个实施例的单体电池的一个角度的结构示意图；
图9是本公开提供的一个实施例的单体电池的又一个角度的结构示意图；
图10是图8和图9中的单体电池的电流流向示意图；
图11是本公开提供的一个实施例的单体电池和散热组件的装配示意图；
图12是本公开提供的又一个实施例的电池包的局部爆炸图；
图13是本公开提供的一个实施例的单体电池和防爆阀的装配示意图；
图14是本公开提供的一个实施例的连接件的一个角度的结构示意图；
图15是本公开提供的一个实施例的连接件的又一个角度的结构示意图；
图16是本公开提供的一个实施例的第二导热件与两个单体电池的配合示意图；
图17是图16中圈示的A区域的放大图；
图18是本公开提供的一个实施例的极柱和盖板的装配示意图。
附图标记
电池包1000；
防爆阀1；排气方向11；
单体电池2；壳体21；侧板211；盖板212；第一表面213；第二表面214；电芯22；电芯本体221；集流体222；
极柱组3；正极极柱31；负极极柱32；极柱33；第一连接段331；第二连接段332；
第一冷却器41；第二冷却器42；第二导热件43；第一导热件44；散热器45；连接件46；第一连接部461；第二连接部462；第三连接部463；第四连接部464。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本公开的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本公开，而不能理解为对本公开的限制。
下面结合附图描述根据本公开实施例的电池包1000。
如图1至图18所示，本公开提供了一种电池包1000，该电池包1000包括单体电池2和热量传递件。
具体而言，单体电池2包括壳体21、电芯22和多个极柱33，壳体21内限定有容纳空间，电芯22设于容纳空间，壳体21至少具有第一表面213和第二表面214，极柱33设于电芯22且从第一表面213伸出壳体21，至少一个极柱33为片状体，热量传递件能够将单体电池2上靠近第一表面213的热量传递至第二表面214。
换句话说，如图1所示，本公开实施例的电池包1000主要由单体电池2和热量传递件组成，单体电池2主要由壳体21、电芯22和多个极柱33组成。壳体21具有容纳空间，容纳空间可以起到收容作用，可以将电芯22容置在容纳空间内部，壳体21的外表面可以至少包括第一表面213和第二表面214。电芯22上设有极柱33，具体地，极柱33可以从第一表面213伸出壳体21，实现极柱33引出。
极柱33的数量为至少两个，在极柱33的数量为两个时，一个极柱33可以作为正极极柱31，另一个极柱33可以作为负极极柱32。为了便于说明，可以定义一个正极极柱31和一个负极极柱32组成了一个极柱组。对于一个极柱组而言，可以是正极极柱31和负极极柱32设于同一个第一表面213，也可以是正极极柱31和负极极柱32设于不同的第一表面213，在此不作限定。在极柱组的数量为多个时，多个极柱组可以位于壳体21的同侧或者异侧，在此也不作限定。也就是说，只要极柱33设于第一表面213即属于本公开的保护范围。
需要说明的是，如图1至图17所示，至少一个极柱33为片状结构件，可以是极柱33的至少一部分或者整体为片状结构，在此不作限定。例如，电芯22包括至少一个电芯本体221和与对应的电芯本体221连接的集流体222，每个电芯本体221可以包括正极极片、隔膜和负极极片，每个电芯本体221对应的集流体222可以分为正极集流体和负极集流体，正极集流体与正极极片连接，负极集流体与负极极片连接。正极集流体与正极极柱31连接，负极集流体与负极极柱32连接。其中，极柱组3包括但不限于以下几种情况：情况一、一个极柱组3中仅正极极柱31为片状的极柱 33；情况二、一个极柱组3中仅负极极柱32为片状的极柱33；情况三、一个极柱组3中的正极极柱31和负极极柱32均为片状的极柱33。
可选地，极柱33可以包括第一连接段331和第二连接段332，其中，第一连接段331可以用于与集流体222连接，第二连接段332可以与第一连接段331连接，第二连接段332可以用于与外部用电设备连接，其中，第一连接段331和/或第二连接段332为片状体。
也就是说，第一连接段331和第二连接段332分别连接，第一连接段331可以用于与集流体222连接，例如与正极集流体或者负极集流体连接，其中需要说明的是，本公开的电芯22的极耳可以是正负极箔材的汇合，集流体222可以是极耳经过焊接后形成的结构，此时的集流体222与极耳可以是同一种物质的两种不同状态。需要说明的是，无论是极耳与集流体222单独设置，还是极耳与集流体222属于同一结构，均属于本公开的保护范围。
其中，第二连接段332的第一端与第一连接段331连接，第二连接段332的第二端用于与外部用电设备连接。例如，第二连接段332位于第一连接段331的左侧，第一连接段331的右端可以与正极集流体或负极集流体连接，第一连接段331的左端可以与第二连接段332的右端连接，第二连接段332的左端可以与外部用电设备连接。
此外，第一连接段331和第二连接段332中的至少一个为片状体，也就是说，极柱33包括以下几种情况：情况一、仅第一连接段331为片状体；情况二、仅第二连接段332为片状体；情况三、第一连接段331和第二连接段332均为片状体。
现有技术的传统极柱为圆柱形体，传统极柱设于电芯的端部，且柱形体的直径需要小于电芯的厚度，而柱形体的表面积又和自身直径相关，因此柱形体的表面积较小。相比而言，本公开的极柱33的至少一部分为片状体结构，片状体的厚度较小，且片状体上多个方向的尺寸可以互不相同，例如，即使片状体的厚度小于电芯22的厚度，片状体也可以通过扩展在其他方向的尺寸以增加极柱33的总面积，例如在片状体的厚度方向为前后方向时，片状体可以扩展其在长度方向和高度方向上的尺寸。其中在至少第一连接段331采用片状体结构时，不仅能够增加极柱33的面积，还能够增加集流体222过流面积。现有技术的极柱通过连接片引出，常规的连接片设计也会因过流面积受限而发热严重。而本实施例中，通过采用片状结构，增加极柱33的面积能够提高散热效果，通过增加过流面积能够降低发热程度，解决了现有技术中具有传统极柱的电池的快充能力受限的技术问题。
也就是说，在本实施例的极柱33采用片状结构时，不仅能够增大极柱33的面积，还能够增大集流体222过流面积。通过增大极柱33的面积有利于极柱33快速散热，通过增大过流面积降低了发热量，从而有利于单体电池2提高充电效率，提高单体电池2的快充能力，实现电池包1000的快速充电，电池包1000可以为车辆等提供动力，作为动力电池。
本公开的电池包1000还包括热量传递件，将单体电池2上靠近第一表面213位置的热量传递至第二表面214位置附近，也就是说，通过热量传递件能够将极柱33附近的热量传递至其他位置，实现了对于极柱33附近位置的热量的快速散热。
由此，本公开实施例的电池包1000，一方面通过采用片状的极柱33提高过流面积，又一方面通过采用热量传递件实现极柱33附近快速散热，实现了对于电池包1000的快速充电的目的。
可选地，极柱33为一体成型件，例如可以通过一体成型的工艺，例如采用冲压等，制备得到的极柱33同时包括第一连接段331和第二连接段332。在本实施例中，通过采用一体成型的极柱 33，有利于加工生产，例如可以省略将第一连接段331和第二连接段332连接在一起的步骤。
在本公开的一些具体实施方式中，如图2和图3所示，极柱33为矩形件，例如，第一连接段331和第二连接段332可以组合形成为矩形件，矩形件为板形件。例如第一连接段331和第二连接段332可以沿着同一平面延伸，第一连接段331位于第二连接段332的左侧，且第一连接段331和第二连接段332分别沿着水平方向延伸，且位于同一个水平面。
在本实施例中，通过采用矩形结构的极柱33，有利于极柱33与集流体222以及外部用电设备连接，例如，将矩形件的一个侧面与集流体222连接，保证足够大的过流面积。此外，通过采用矩形件，有利于同时增加极柱33面积和集流体222过流面积，从而进一步提高单体电池2的快充能力。
此外，在极柱33为矩形件时，极柱33沿其厚度方向的两个侧面之间的间距均一，例如极柱33的长度方向沿水平方向延伸，厚度方向沿上下方向延伸，对于在极柱33上的多个位置而言，极柱33的上表面和下表面之间的间距相同。在本实施例中，通过采用均一厚度的片状极柱33有利于提高加工效率。
根据本公开的一个实施例，壳体21具有沿第一方向、第二方向和第三方向延伸的边沿，第一方向与第二方向限定出第一平面，第一方向与第三方向限定出第二平面，第二方向与第三方向限定出第三平面；第一表面213与第二表面214连接，且第一表面213与第三平面平行，第二表面214与第二平面平行。
也就是说，壳体21分别沿着第一方向、第二方向和第三方向延伸，即具有第一边沿、第二边沿和第三边沿，其中第一边沿沿着第一方向延伸，第二边沿沿着第二方向延伸，第三边沿沿着第三方向延伸。通过第一方向和第二方向可以限定出第一平面，通过第一方向和第三方向可以限定出第二平面，通过第二方向和第三方向可以限定出第三平面。例如，第一方向为x轴方向，第三方向为y方向，第二方向为z轴方向，此时第一平面为xz平面，第二平面为xy平面，第三平面为yz平面。此时壳体21可以为立方体，第一方向可以是长度方向，第二方向可以是上下方向，第三方向可以是前后方向。
也就是说，如图1、图3、图5至图10所示，电芯22在第一方向上的尺寸大于在第二方向上的尺寸，极柱组3设于电芯本体221在第一方向上的端部。例如，电芯22为现有的电芯结构，外形为长方体，电芯22的长度方向与第一方向平行，电芯22的高度方向与第二方向平行，电芯22的厚度方向与第三方向平行。在本实施例中，一个电芯本体221上的极柱组3的数量可以是一个或者多个，极柱组3均设于电芯本体221在第一方向上的端部。需要说明的是，当极柱组3的数量为多个时，本实施例中包括了一个极柱组3在电芯本体221在第一方向的一端，又一个极柱组3在电芯本体221在第一方向的另一端的情况；还包括了多个极柱组3同时位于电芯本体221在第一方向上的同一端的情况；此外，还包括了电芯本体221的数量为多个，每个电芯本体221的极柱组3位于对应的电芯本体221在第一方向的端部等情况，在此不作赘述。并且，在本实施例中，还对一个极柱组3对应的正极极柱31和负极极柱32是否在电芯本体221在第一方向的同一端不作限定。即本实施例包括了在一个电芯本体221上的一个极柱组3的正极极柱31和负极极柱32位于电芯本体221的异侧的情况；以及在一个电芯本体221上具有多个极柱组3，多个极柱组3的正极极柱31位于电芯本体221的一侧，多个极柱组3的负极极柱32位于电芯本体221的另一侧，即电芯本体221在第一方向上的同侧为同极性的情况；还包括了在一个电芯本体221上具有多个极柱组3，在电芯 本体221在第一方向上的同侧为不同极性的情况等。
也就是说，通过将极柱组3设置在电芯本体221在第一方向上的端部，即设置在第一表面213上，一方面避免了电芯本体221在第二方向的外侧需要预留空间以延长散热路径；又一方面，有利于增大电芯本体221在第二方向上的最大尺寸范围，提高电池容量。
在本实施例中，通过限定第一表面213和第二表面214的相对位置关系，可以实现对于热量传递件的热量传递方向进行进一步地限定，避免热量集聚在第一表面213附近而对极柱33附近的热量散失效果产生影响。
在本公开的一些具体实施方式中，第二表面214的表面积大于第一表面213的表面积。也就是说，在本实施例中，将极柱33设置在面积较小的第一表面213上，并通过热量传递件将第一表面213附近的热量传递至面积较大的第二表面214附近，能够扩大散热面积，进一步提高散热效果。
例如，壳体21可以包括侧板211和盖板212，侧板211围合限定有容纳空间，可以用于容置电芯22，通过盖板212可以封闭容纳空间。在盖板212上开设有贯通的安装孔，本公开的极柱33可以穿过安装孔与电芯本体221的端部的集流体222连接。此时，盖板212上设有第一表面213，第一表面213可作为端面。侧板211上设有第二表面214以及与第一平面平行的前侧面、后侧面，第二表面214可作为顶面、底面。此时，由于极柱33的至少一部分为片状结构，因此通过极柱33与集流体222以及电芯本体221配合，能够实现极柱33通过壳体21的端面片状引出，端面引出的片状引出极柱33的总数量可以为一个但不限制为一个。此外，当前侧面和后侧面的面积分别大于第二表面214的面积，第二表面214的面积大于第一表面213的面积时，且壳体21的形状与电芯本体221的形状大致相同，因此可以将前侧面和后侧面定义为大面，将第二表面214定义为小面。
此外，在极柱33位于电芯本体221在第一方向的侧部的情况下，可以将防爆阀1设计在电芯本体221的第二方向上的侧面，或者设计在第三方向上的侧面上。在本实施例中，通过将防爆阀1避免设置在电芯本体221在第一方向上的侧部，能够为本公开的片状极柱33预留更多的空间，便于进一步扩大极柱33的面积。需要说明的是，防爆阀1远离电芯本体221的一侧可以设置有冷却器，例如，在防爆阀1的上方设置有冷却器，可选地，在冷却器上设有避让结构，避免挡住防爆阀1的开启。防爆阀1的排气方向11可如图13所示，先向上，再向外扩散。现有技术的一般常规的卷绕或叠片极芯电池结构，侧面盖板需要预留极柱、防爆阀、注液孔等位置，受限于盖板的高度空间，极耳和极柱过流面积较小，发热高，导致快充受限。而本实施例将防爆阀1避免同极柱33一起设置在第一表面213，能够增大片状极柱33的面积。
此外，还可以根据电芯本体221在第二方向以及第三方向上的空间加大防爆阀1的尺寸，增加防爆阀1的数量，进而提高电池包1000的系统热安全。
进一步地，可以将防爆阀1设置在小面上，由于大面的膨胀程度易于大于小面的膨胀程度，因此通过限定防爆阀1的安装位置，避免了防爆阀1因设置在大面上导致的挤压大面，提高了安全性能。此外，在多个单体电池2沿第三方向排布时，每个单体电池2的一个第二表面214可以位于同一侧，此时可以将防爆阀1的安装位置也设置在同一侧，提高了结构紧凑性以及便于安装。
在本公开的一些具体实施方式中，如图3、图5所示，极柱组3的正极极柱31设于电芯本体221在第一方向上的一端，负极极柱32设于电芯本体221在第一方向上的另一端。
例如，第一方向沿左右方向延伸，在该电芯本体221上的极柱组3的数量为一个时，该极柱组3包括一个正极极柱31和一个负极极柱32，该正极极柱31位于电芯本体221的左端，该负极极柱 32位于电芯本体221的右端，即构成双侧单极柱结构。例如，电芯本体221的长度方向沿左右方向延伸，一个正极极柱31位于电芯本体221的左侧，一个负极极柱32位于电芯本体221的右侧，在充电时电芯本体221内部的电流方向为从左向右。
在该电芯本体221上的极柱组3的数量为多个时，对应的正极极柱31和负极极柱32的数量也为多个，每个正极极柱31均位于电芯本体221的左侧，每个负极极柱32均位于电芯本体221的右侧，也就是说在，在电芯本体221的左侧同时设置有多个正极极柱31，在电芯本体221的右侧同时设置有多个负极极柱32。例如，电芯本体221的长度方向沿左右方向延伸，极柱组3的数量为两个，为了便于说明，将两个极柱组3分为第一极柱组和第二极柱组，第一极柱组的正极极柱31和第二极柱组的正极极柱31分别位于电芯本体221的左侧，第一极柱组的负极极柱32和第二极柱组的负极极柱32分别位于电芯本体221的右侧。如图4和图7所示，在充电时，电芯本体221内部的电流方向为从左向右。可见，在本实施例中包括了电芯本体221在第一方向上的异侧为不同极性以及同侧为同极性的情况。
在本公开的一些具体实施方式中，如图5所示，一个电芯本体221上的极柱组3的数量为多个，多个极柱组3在第二方向上间隔开分布。例如，电芯本体221的第二方向沿上下方向延伸，多个极柱组3沿上下方向间隔开分布。在极柱组3的数量为两个时，第一极柱组的正极极柱31位于第二极柱组的正极极柱31的上方，第一极柱组的负极极柱32位于第二极柱组的负极极柱32的上方。需要说明的是，在本实施例中，多个极柱组3可以位于电芯本体221在第一方向上的同侧或者异侧，在此不作限定。在本实施例中包括了电芯本体221在第一方向上的同侧同极性以及同侧不同极性的情况。
在本公开的一些具体实施方式中，极柱组3的正极极柱31和负极极柱32设于电芯本体221在第一方向上的同一端。例如电芯22的第一方向为左右方向，在一个电芯本体221上设置有一个极柱组3，该极柱组3的正极极柱31和负极极柱32同时位于电芯本体221的左侧或者右侧，具体根据集流体222的位置而定。通过将极柱组3的正极极柱31和负极极柱32设置在电芯本体221的同一侧，一方面有利于极柱33的集中设置，又一方向有利于多个电芯本体221沿着第一方向依次布置。例如，电芯本体221的数量为两个，分为第一电芯本体和第二电芯本体，第一电芯本体位于第二电芯本体的左侧，第一电芯本体的极柱组3位于第一电芯本体的最左侧，第二电芯本体的极柱组位于第二电芯本体的最右侧。在本实施例中，包括了电芯本体221在第一方向的同侧具有不同极性的情况。
根据本公开的一个实施例，如图9所示，电芯本体221的数量为两个，两个电芯本体221沿第一方向依次分布，每个电芯本体221上设有至少一个极柱组3，在第一方向上，一个电芯本体221的极柱组3位于电芯22的一端，另一个电芯本体221的极柱组3位于电芯的另一端。为了便于说明，将两个电芯本体221定义为第一电芯本体和第二电芯本体，第一电芯本体和第二电芯本体沿第一方向依次分布。第一电芯本体对应的极柱组3可以位于第一电芯本体的最左侧，第二电芯本体对应的极柱组3可以位于第二电芯本体的最右侧。此时，第一电芯本体的极柱组3的正极极柱31和负极极柱32设于第一电芯本体在第一方向上的左侧，第二电芯本体的极柱组3的正极极柱31和负极极柱32设于第二电芯本体在第一方向上的右侧。
可选地，如图9所示，在极柱组3的数量为两个时，为了便于说明，将两个极柱组3定义为第一极柱组和第二极柱组，第一极柱组与第一电芯本体对应，第二极柱组与第二电芯本体对应。第一 极柱组的正极极柱31和负极极柱32位于第一电芯本体的左侧，第二极柱组的正极极柱31和负极极柱32位于第二电芯本体的右侧，如图10所示，在充电时，电芯内部的电流传导方向为：从左侧的第一极柱组的正极极柱31经过第一电芯本体的内部绕回至第一极柱组的负极极柱32。从右侧的第二极柱组的正极极柱31经过第二电芯本体的内部绕回至第二极柱组的负极极柱32。
可见，对于电芯本体221的同侧具有多个片状引出极柱33的结构，正极极柱31和负极极柱32可以同侧或者异侧设计。其中对于同侧同极性设计，可以根据极柱33实际需要的尺寸且可以制造的极柱33的高度，灵活分配在盖板212上。对于同侧不同极性的设计，不仅能够增加集流体222的过流，还能够改变电流走向，缩短电流传导路径，可以有效降低产热。
在本公开的一些具体实施方式中，极柱33与对应的集流体222焊接，通过采用焊接的方式提高了极柱组3和对应的集流体222之间的连接牢固性。
根据本公开的一个实施例，如图2所示，极柱33与对应的集流体222面接触，通过采用较大的接触面积，提高过流面积。
此外，如图18所示，极柱33的最大长度可以定义为L1，盖板212的长度可以定义为L2，极柱33到盖板212的间隙可以定义为L3，相邻两个极柱33之间的间隙可以定义为L4，极柱33的个数可以定义为N，各个参数之间可以具有如下公式：L1＝(L2-L3*2-(N-1)L4)/N。可以根据上述公式设计在盖板212上的片状极柱33的数量和尺寸。
根据本公开的一个实施例，热量传递件包括第一导热件44，第一导热件44设于第一表面213且与极柱33导热连接，第一导热件44朝向第二表面214所在位置延伸，以将极柱33的热量传递至第二表面214，也就是说，由于第一导热件44大致朝向第二表面214方向延伸，且第一导热件44与极柱33导热连接，因此通过采用极柱33与第一导热件44导热连接的方式，能够实现将极柱33附近的第一表面213位置的热量传递至第二表面214处。需要说明的是，本公开中的热量传递件将第一表面213附近的热量引出，不仅可以引出极柱33的热量，也可以引出集流体等的热量，即可以引出极柱33本身以及极柱33附近的热量。
在本公开的一些具体实施方式中，如图12所示，单体电池2的数量为多个，第一导热件44分别与相邻设置的两个单体电池2的极柱33导热连接，也就是说，一个第一导热件44可以同时与两个单体电池2相配合，即两个相邻的单体电池2可以共用一个第一导热件44，提高了结构紧凑性。
可选地，多个单体电池2沿第三方向依次排布，第三方向可以为单体电池2的厚度方向。第一导热件44可以分别与在第三方向上相邻设置的两个单体电池2的极柱33导热连接。例如，在第三方向上，单体电池2的数量为两个，分为第一单体电池和第二单体电池，第一单体电池具有第一极柱组，第二单体电池具有第二极柱组，第一极柱组的一个极柱33位于第一单体电池的左侧，第二极柱组的一个极柱33也位于第二单体电池的左侧，又由于第一单体电池和第二单体电池沿第三方向依次排布，因此第一单体电池的至少一个极柱33和第二单体电池的至少一个极柱33在第三方向上相邻设置，两者之间具有间隙。在该间隙位置设置有第一导热件44，通过一个第一导热件44能够实现同时对两个单体电池的极柱33进行导热。可选地，在第二方向上，第一导热件44的长度可以与极柱33的长度持平或者大于极柱33的长度，在持平时能够保证对于极柱33的散热效果，在大于极柱33的长度时，有利于将极柱33的热量传递至更大的范围。
进一步地，第一导热件44与极柱33面接触，能够增大传热效果。
在本公开的一些具体实施方式中，如图12所示，电池包1000还包括连接件46，连接件46的 至少一部分位于散热器45和极柱33之间，且分别与散热器45和极柱33导热连接。通过设置连接件46，解决了散热件与极柱33等安装困难、牢固度低的情况，在极柱33通过连接件46与散热器45连接时，散热器45可位于连接件46的外侧，极柱33可位于连接件46的内侧。
根据本公开的一个实施例，热量传递件还包括依次连接的第一连接部461、第二连接部462和第三连接部463，即连接件46包括第一连接部461、第二连接部462和第三连接部463。第一连接部461、第二连接部462和第三连接部463配合形成有容纳槽，连接件46包括第一连接部461、第二连接部462和第三连接部463可以配合形成类“匚”字形件，容纳槽用于收容导热件，第一连接部461与两个单体电池2中的一个的极柱33连接，第二连接部462与两个单体电池2中的另一个的极柱33连接，第三连接部463位于第一连接部461和第二连接部462之间且分别与第一连接部461和第二连接部462连接。
也就是说，如图14至图16所示，连接件46包括第一连接部461、第二连接部462和第三连接部463，第一连接部461与在第三方向上相邻设置的两个单体电池2中的一个的极柱33连接，第二连接部462与在第三方向上相邻设置的两个单体电池2中的另一个的极柱33连接，第三连接部463分别与第一连接部461和第二连接部462连接，且配合形成有容纳槽，容纳槽用于收容第一导热件44。例如，第三方向为前后方向，第一连接部461和第二连接部462可以沿前后方向间隔开分布，第三连接部463可以位于第一连接部461和第二连接部462之间，且第三连接部463的后端与第一连接部461连接，第三连接部463的前端与第二连接部462连接。第一导热件44位于第一连接部461和第二连接部462之间，且分别与第一连接部461、第二连接部462和第三连接部463导热连接。此外，第三连接部463与散热器45导热连接。
根据本公开的一个实施例，热量传递件还包括第四连接部464，第四连接部464设于第三连接部463靠近第二表面214的端部，第四连接部464分别与导热件和第二表面214导热连接。
也就是说，如图14至图16所示，连接件46还包括第四连接部464，第四连接部464与第一连接部461和第二连接部462位于第三连接部463的同一侧，第四连接部464设于第三连接部463在第二方向上的至少一端。第四连接部464可以对第一导热件44起到限位作用。可选地，第四连接部464的数量为两个，一个第四连接部464位于第三连接部463的上端，另一个第四连接部464位于第三连接部463的下端，可见，通过第一连接部461、第二连接部462、第三连接部463和第四连接部464能够将第一导热件44的外周多方位导热，从而将热量及时、高效地传递至散热器45。例如，通过第四连接部463与冷却器导热连接。
在本公开的一些具体实施方式中，电池包1000还包括散热器45，散热器45的至少一部分与第一表面213相对设置，且能够与极柱33热交换。
也就是说，散热组件包括散热器45，散热器45位于极柱33在第一方向上远离电芯本体221的一侧，且与极柱33导热连接。也就是说，在极柱33外侧设计散热器45，能够降低极柱33的温度升高程度。
根据本公开的一个实施例，散热器45包括至少一个管状件，管状件内具有第一流体通道以供冷却流体流动，管状件的一部分形成为热量传递件的至少一部分，通过采用管状件的结构，管状件具有较长的长度，一方面有利于使一个管状件对应多个极柱33，甚至对应多个单体电池2，例如，管状件的一部分沿第三方向延伸，多个单体电池2也沿第三方向依次排布，通过一个管状件即可以对应多个单体电池2的极柱33。在本实施例中，通过采用管状件作为散热器45的至少一部分，不 仅可以利用管状件的延伸方向易于控制，在管状件作为热量传递件的至少一部分时，便于通过管状件的延伸走向实现极柱33附近位置的热量的引出；而且还有利于通过一个管转件对应多个极柱33，提高结构紧凑性和零件利用率。此外，由于管状件内具有第一流体通道，在第一流体通道内灌入冷却用的流体，可以通过具有温差的流体实散热器45与极柱33附近的热量的交换。
可选地，管状件的数量为多个，例如管状件的数量为四个，四个管状件沿第二方向依次排布且每个管状件的一部分能够与第一表面213相对设置，其中每两个管状件可以形成一进一出的回路。在本实施例中，通过采用多个管状件，有利于增大引出热量以及控温的范围。
在本公开的一些具体实施方式中，电池包1000还包括冷却器，冷却器与第二表面214导热连接。通过在第二表面214附近设置冷却器，能够将第二表面214附近的热量引出，通过冷却器实现与第二表面214附近集聚的热量的热交换。此外，冷却器还能够对第二表面214本身的热量进行热交换。也就是说，在第二表面214附近位置设置冷却器，不仅能够通过热量传递件与冷却器相配合，对第一表面213附近，特别是极柱33附近，进行控温，实现极柱33附近及时散热，还能够对第二表面214进行散热，实现对于壳体21上的多个位置的控温。
根据本公开的一个实施例，冷却器内设有第二流体通道以供冷却流体流动，冷却器与热量传递件导热连接。也就是说，冷却器设有第二流体通道，在第二流体通道内装载有冷却流体，由于冷却流体与第二表面214附近具有温差，并且还可以配合流体进、出口实现流体流动，实现对于第二表面214附近的热量的快速交换。
此外，冷却器内设有第二流体通道，散热器45内设有第一流体通道，第二流体通道与第一流体通道连通，此时冷却器可以作为液冷板，通过将散热器45内也设置流体，并实现散热器45和冷却器的连通，能够提高对于极柱33附近位置的散热效果。
根据本公开的一个实施例，冷却器的数量为两个，单体电池2位于两个冷却器之间。也就是说，一个冷却器位于单体电池2的一侧且与一个第二表面214对应，又一个冷却器位于单体电池2的另一侧且与又一个第二表面214对应。需要说明的是，一个第二表面214可以对应一个或者多个冷却器，例如两个冷却器位于单体电池2的上侧，一个冷却器位于单体电池2的下侧。也就是说，不论单体电池2的一侧对应的冷却器的数量为一个还是多个，只要单体电池2的两侧分别设置有至少一个冷却器即属于本公开的保护范围。
例如，如图11所示，散热组件包括两个冷却器，为了便于说明，将两个冷却器定义为第一冷却器41和第二冷却器42，第一冷却器41设于单体电池2在第二方向的一端，第二冷却器42设于单体电池2在第二方向的另一端。在第一方向大致沿水平方向延伸，第二方向大致沿上下方向延伸时，第一冷却器41可以位于单体电池2的上方，第二冷却器42可以位于单体电池2的下方。通过第一冷却器41能够对单体电池2的上部进行热传导，通过第二冷却器42能够对单体电池2的下部进行热传导。
可见，在本实施例中，通过第一冷却器41和第二冷却器42相配合，不仅能够对单体电池2形成双面冷却的类夹心冷却结构，降低单体电池2的高度方向上的温度差。而现有技术的电池包在实现更高倍率的快充时，采用常规的上或下的单面冷却方式，会造成单体电池高度方向温差大。此外，本实施例还通过将第一冷却器41和第二冷却器42分别设于单体电池2在第二方向上的外侧，实现第二方向上的散热，以及配合第一方向的片状极柱33实现第一方向上的散热，并且配合热量传递件能够将极柱33附近的热量引出至第二表面214，即能够实现对于单体电池2的多方位散热。
在本公开的一些具体实施方式中，如图11所示，散热组件还包括第二导热件43，第二导热件43分别与单体电池2和冷却器导热连接。也就是说，通过第二导热件43可以实现单体电池2和冷却器之间的热量交换。在本实施例中，通过设置第二导热件43，一方面避免了冷却器直接与单体电池2接触导致的容易损坏单体电池2，又一方面避免了需要将冷却器设计的过大。并且，在单体电池2的数量为多个时，一个第二导热件43可以对应于多个单体电池2。
根据本公开的一个实施例，如图11所示，冷却器和第二导热件43分别为片状体，第二导热件43分别与冷却器和单体电池2面接触。例如，第二导热件43的上端面与冷却器的下端面接触，第二导热件43的下端面分别与单体电池2的上端面接触，通过面接触的方式提高热传导面积，并且提高了单体电池2上多个位置的受力均衡性和散热均衡性，以及在单体电池2的数量为多个时，提高了多个单体电池2的受力均衡性和散热均衡性。
根据本公开的一个实施例，电池包1000还包括托盘，托盘内限定有收容空间，单体电池2位于收容空间，热量传递件、散热器45和冷却器等也可以位于收容空间，如图11和图12所示，散热器45和冷却器分别与单体电池2上不同位置导热连接。通过采用热量传递件能够将第一表面213附近的热量及时导出，提高散热效率，有利于快速充电的实现。
根据本公开的一个实施例，收容空间沿其轴向上的至少一端敞开，冷却器作为托盘的底板或顶板。例如，第一冷却器41作为托盘的顶板，第二冷却器42作为托盘的底板，能够提高散热效果，并且还能够避免托盘同时在高度方向上存在顶板、底板、第一冷却器41、第二冷却器42而导致的高度占用空间过大。
根据本公开的一个实施例，极柱33平行于第三平面，例如，极柱33的长度方向沿第二方向延伸，极柱33的高度方向沿第一方向延伸。也就是说，极柱33具有长度方向和高度方向，极柱33的长度方向可与第二方向平行，极柱33的高度方向可与第一方向平行。在本实施例中，通过将极柱33的长度方向和高度方向进行限定，便于极柱33分别与集流体222以及外部用电设备连接。此外，通过将极柱33与第三平面平行，有利于极柱33与第一导热件44之间的接触面积增大，增大极柱33与第一导热件44之间的热传递效率。
根据本公开的一个实施例，连接件46与极柱33焊接，通过焊接的方式能够增大连接可靠性。进一步地，片状的极柱33的侧面与连接件46面接触，例如极柱33的长度方向沿上下方向延伸，高度方向沿左右方向延伸，极柱33在电芯本体221的厚度方向的侧面与连接件46的侧面接触，能够增大极柱33与连接件46的焊接结合面积。可选地，连接件46与散热器45粘接，能够提高装配效率。
进一步地，第一导热件44还与和极柱33对应的集流体222导热连接，提高对于集流体222的散热效果。
可选地，在第二方向上，连接件46的至少一端与冷却器导热连接。第一导热件44可以采用高导热材料，在将第一导热件44设置在盖板212和连接件46之间时，第三连接部463能够顺着盖板212向上和/或者向下引出热量至冷却器，增加散热量。整体可以通过连接件46带走极柱33和集流体222的热量，提高快充能力，具体包括但不限于以下散热路径：
散热路径一：集流体222→第一导热件44→连接件46→第二导热件43→冷却器。
散热路径二：集流体222→第一导热件44→连接件46→散热器45。
总而言之，根据本公开实施例的极柱33、单体电池2和电池包1000，采用新型的片状的极柱 33结构以及配合高散热路径的热量传递件的设计，提高了大倍率快充能力。区别于传统的侧面一正一负的两极柱电芯，本公开采用片状的引出极柱33，极大利用了盖板212的空间，提高了集流体222的散热面积，提高电芯22的过流能力；同时结合热量传递件的设计以及冷却器和散热件的设计，例如双面设置冷却器、连接件46与散热器45配合、以及通过连接件46与盖板212间增加第一导热件44来带走极柱33的温升等，能够整体提高动力电池快充能力。
本公开还提出了一种车辆，该车辆包括上述任一实施例的电池包1000。由于电池包1000具有散热效果好，提高了快充能力，本公开的车辆也具有高快充能力的优点，在此不作赘述。
虽然已经通过例子对本公开的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本公开的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本公开的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本公开的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种电池包(1000)，其特征在于，包括：
    单体电池(2)，所述单体电池(2)包括壳体(21)、电芯(22)和多个极柱(33)，所述壳体(21)内限定有容纳空间，所述电芯(22)设于所述容纳空间，所述壳体(21)至少具有第一表面(213)和第二表面(214)，所述极柱(33)设于所述电芯(22)且从所述第一表面(213)伸出所述壳体(21)，至少一个所述极柱(33)为片状体；和
    热量传递件，所述热量传递件能够将所述单体电池(2)上靠近所述第一表面(213)的热量传递至所述第二表面(214)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包(1000)，其特征在于，所述壳体(21)具有沿第一方向、第二方向和第三方向延伸的边沿，所述第一方向与所述第二方向限定出第一平面，所述第一方向与所述第三方向限定出第二平面，所述第二方向与所述第三方向限定出第三平面；
    所述第一表面(213)与所述第二表面(214)连接，且所述第一表面(213)与所述第三平面平行，所述第二表面(214)与所述第二平面平行。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池包(1000)，其特征在于，所述第二表面(214)的表面积大于所述第一表面(213)的表面积。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的电池包(1000)，其特征在于，所述热量传递件包括：
    导热件，所述导热件设于所述第一表面(213)且与所述极柱(33)导热连接，所述导热件朝向所述第二表面(214)所在位置延伸，以将所述极柱(33)的热量传递至所述第二表面(214)。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的电池包(1000)，其特征在于，所述单体电池(2)的数量为多个，所述导热件分别与相邻设置的两个所述单体电池(2)的极柱(33)导热连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的电池包(1000)，其特征在于，所述热量传递件还包括依次连接的第一连接部(461)、第二连接部(462)和第三连接部(463)，所述第一连接部(461)、所述第二连接部(462)和所述第三连接部(463)配合形成有容纳槽，所述容纳槽用于收容所述导热件，所述第一连接部(461)与两个所述单体电池(2)中的一个的所述极柱(33)连接，所述第二连接部(462)与两个所述单体电池(2)中的另一个的所述极柱(33)连接，所述第三连接部(463)位于所述第一连接部(461)和所述第二连接部(462)之间且分别与所述第一连接部(461)和所述第二连接部(462)连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的电池包(1000)，其特征在于，所述热量传递件还包括第四连接部(464)，所述第四连接部(464)设于所述第三连接部(463)靠近所述第二表面(214)的端部，所述第四连接部(464)分别与所述导热件和所述第二表面(214)导热连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的电池包(1000)，其特征在于，还包括：
    散热器(45)，所述散热器(45)的至少一部分与所述第一表面(213)相对设置，且能够与所 述极柱(33)热交换。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的电池包(1000)，其特征在于，所述散热器(45)包括至少一个管状件，所述管状件内具有第一流体通道以供冷却流体流动，所述管状件的一部分形成为所述热量传递件的至少一部分。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的电池包(1000)，其特征在于，还包括：
    冷却器，所述冷却器与所述第二表面(214)导热连接。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的电池包(1000)，其特征在于，所述冷却器内设有第二流体通道以供冷却流体流动，所述冷却器与所述热量传递件导热连接。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的电池包(1000)，其特征在于，所述冷却器的数量为两个，所述单体电池(2)位于两个所述冷却器之间。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的电池包(1000)，其特征在于，所述极柱(33)平行于所述第三平面。
  14. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-13中任一所述的电池包(1000)。
PCT/CN2023/098599 2022-08-19 2023-06-06 电池包和车辆 WO2024037133A1 (zh)

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