WO2024032524A1 - 基于近红外光谱的粪液氮磷含量现场快检装置 - Google Patents

基于近红外光谱的粪液氮磷含量现场快检装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024032524A1
WO2024032524A1 PCT/CN2023/111386 CN2023111386W WO2024032524A1 WO 2024032524 A1 WO2024032524 A1 WO 2024032524A1 CN 2023111386 W CN2023111386 W CN 2023111386W WO 2024032524 A1 WO2024032524 A1 WO 2024032524A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
component
box
detection
hollow
gas circulation
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PCT/CN2023/111386
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵润
杨增军
张克强
杨仁杰
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农业农村部环境保护科研监测所
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Publication of WO2024032524A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024032524A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
    • G01N21/359—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using near infrared light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
    • G01N21/3577—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing liquids, e.g. polluted water

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of detecting nitrogen and phosphorus content in liquid feces, and relates to an on-site rapid measurement device for total nitrogen and total phosphorus content in liquid feces in intensive dairy farms, especially an on-site rapid detection of nitrogen and phosphorus content in liquid feces based on near-infrared spectroscopy. device.
  • the transfer and treatment process of manure from intensive dairy farms in China is complex and changeable, with long and repetitive chains. Therefore, routine chemical measurements in laboratories have poor timeliness and low accuracy.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a device for on-site rapid detection of nitrogen and phosphorus content in fecal liquid based on near-infrared spectrum, which is novel in structure, easy to carry, efficient and accurate in detection.
  • This device solves the problem of conventional laboratory chemistry.
  • Technical bottlenecks such as poor measurement timeliness, low accuracy, and weak stability also solve the problem of on-site detection being affected by the fecal liquid processing environment.
  • An on-site quick inspection device for nitrogen and phosphorus content in fecal liquid based on near-infrared spectrum including a box body, a box plate and a box cover.
  • the upper end of the box body is a box mouth, and a box plate is installed at the box mouth.
  • the box body is The side hinge is equipped with a box cover, and one side of the box is enclosed by a hoarding to form an independent detection part.
  • a detection component and a sensor group are provided in the detection part; the other side of the box is a control part.
  • a control component is provided in the control part; a temperature adjustment component and a gas circulation component are also provided in the box.
  • the detection component, temperature adjustment component, gas circulation component and sensor group are all electrically connected to the control component, and the control component receives detection
  • the infrared spectrum signal fed back by the component analyzes the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the fecal liquid sample through the infrared spectrum signal characteristics.
  • the control component receives the signal from the sensor group, starts the temperature adjustment component and the gas circulation component according to the signal value, and maintains the detection of the detection part.
  • the environment is stable, providing a constant temperature and interference-free testing environment for testing components;
  • the sensor group includes an ammonia concentration sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor.
  • the temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature in the detection part and transmit a temperature signal to the control component.
  • the humidity sensor is used to monitor the humidity in the detection part and provide the control component with Transmitting humidity signals, the ammonia concentration sensor is used to monitor the ammonia content in the detection part and transmit ammonia content signals to the control component.
  • the detection component includes a spectrum collection mechanism and a hollow rotating mechanism.
  • a hollow rotating mechanism is provided on the upper part of the sample port of the integrating sphere of the spectrum collecting mechanism.
  • the hollow rotating mechanism is coaxially embedded with a sample cup mounting rack.
  • the sample cup mounting rack is also equipped with a hollow rotating mechanism.
  • the sample cup is installed on the shaft, and an infrared temperature sensor is installed on the embedded mounting bracket of the sample cup to monitor the detection temperature of the sample in the sample cup in real time.
  • a vibration sensor is installed on the mounting bracket of the hollow rotating mechanism or on the outside of the integrating sphere to monitor and reduce the detection sample in real time. The impact of vibration on test results.
  • the spectrum collection mechanism includes a spectrometer and an integrating sphere.
  • the integrating sphere is installed on one side of the detection part, and the spectrometer is installed on the other side of the detection part.
  • the integrating sphere is connected to the spectrometer through an optical fiber; a sample port is formed on the top of the integrating sphere;
  • the hollow rotating mechanism includes a mounting frame, which is installed on the lower surface of the box plate, and its lower end is coaxially inserted with the integrating sphere.
  • a hollow electric turntable is installed in the mounting frame, and the middle part of the hollow electric turntable is a hollow part.
  • a sample cup embedded mounting rack is coaxially installed in the hollow part.
  • the box plate corresponding to the position of the sample cup embedded mounting rack has a through hole, and the upper part of the sample cup embedded mounting rack runs through the through hole.
  • the temperature adjustment component includes a CPU processor wrapping box, an electronic refrigeration piece and a gas circulation pump.
  • the CPU processor wrapping box is used to collect the heat emitted by the CPU processor.
  • the CPU processor wrapping box is provided with an air outlet, so
  • the air inlet and outlet of the gas circulation pump are both provided with three-way valves.
  • the air inlet of the gas circulation pump includes a first air inlet and a second air inlet.
  • the air outlet of the gas circulation pump includes a first air outlet and a second air inlet.
  • the second air outlet, the air outlet of the CPU processor package box is connected to the first air inlet of the gas circulation pump through pipe 1, and the first air outlet of the gas circulation pump is connected to the detection part through pipe 2;
  • the electronic refrigeration piece is set close to the control On the hoarding on one side of the electronic refrigeration piece, the A side of the electronic refrigeration piece is the hot side and is located in the control part, and the B side of the electronic refrigeration piece is the cold side and is located in the detection part;
  • the gas circulation component consists of a three-effect air filter, a gas circulation pump, It consists of a first circulation pipe and a second circulation pipe.
  • the gas circulation component and the temperature adjustment component share a gas circulation pump.
  • a gas outlet is provided at a corner of the coaming board.
  • the gas outlet is connected to the gas circulation pump through the first circulation pipe.
  • the second air inlet and the second air outlet of the gas circulation pump are connected to the air inlet of the three-effect air filter through the second circulation pipe, and the air outlet of the three-effect air filter is connected to the detection part.
  • the three-effect air filter includes a hollow glass cylindrical shell with through holes at both ends. Rubber sealing plugs are provided at both ends of the cylindrical shell. Correspondingly, a round hole is made, and a slot cover is hinged on the slot. One side of the round hole is coaxially provided with the end of the air inlet pipe, and an annular sealing plug is embedded in the round hole.
  • the hollow glass cylindrical shell is filled with acidic gas adsorbing particles, neutral gas adsorbing particles and alkaline gas adsorbing particles in sequence.
  • control component includes a CPU processor, a graphics card and a power supply; a display is also provided in the lid, and a keyboard, a USB interface and an exhaust fan are provided in the control part; the graphics card, power supply, display, keyboard, USB interface and The exhaust fans are electrically connected to the processor, and the keyboard and USB interface are installed through the box board.
  • the exhaust fan dissipates heat for the graphics card and power supply.
  • the mounting bracket includes a limiting slot and a U-shaped groove
  • the limiting slot is a hollow rectangular parallelepiped structure that penetrates up and down.
  • the top of the limit slot is coaxially fixed with a U-shaped groove
  • the bottom of the U-shaped groove is installed with a hollow electric turntable through bolts, so that the hollow part of the hollow electric turntable and the sample port at the top of the integrating sphere are coaxially arranged.
  • the tops of the groove walls on both sides of the U-shaped groove are vertically made with wing plates toward the outside of the groove. The wing plates are flush with the top of the hoarding. Reinforcing ribs are also provided on the outside of the groove wall of the U-shaped groove.
  • the sample cup embedded rack includes an insertion tube and a limiting frame.
  • the insertion tube is a hollow tube that passes up and down.
  • the insertion tube is adapted to the hollow part of the hollow electric turntable.
  • the top end of the insertion tube A coaxially fixed spacer, which is formed by two layers of hollow disks coaxially fixed through connecting columns, and the hollow part of the hollow disk is a hollow part, and the hollow part is coaxial with the hollow part of the insertion tube
  • a sample cup embedding groove is formed, and the limiting frame is located on the upper surface of the box plate.
  • the present invention adopts the design concept of an integrated portable device and realizes functions such as light source generation, spectrum collection, sample rotation at a fixed angle, collector constant temperature control, computer data analysis, monitor on-site display, and real-time data uploading in one box to meet the needs of rapid on-site detection. .
  • the present invention has a spectrum collection mechanism, a hollow rotating mechanism and a temperature adjustment component; among them, the hollow rotating mechanism can realize 360° without dead angle, assisting the spectrum collection mechanism to collect sample spectral information, thereby maximizing the collection of dairy cow manure liquid sample information per unit time; temperature regulation The component can adjust the temperature of the detection environment when collecting sample spectral information, so that the detection part is an independent constant temperature chamber, maintaining the detection element to detect the sample at a constant temperature, effectively reducing errors caused by detection; the gas circulation component It can perform real-time dehumidification and interference gas removal operations on the detection environment in the detection department, providing an interference-free detection environment for the detection components and ensuring accurate spectral signal detection;
  • the present invention does not require the addition of acid, titration, dilution, filtration and other pre-treatments in the whole process; it meets the urgent need for rapid on-site measurement and analysis of nutrients returned from dairy farms to fields; it also solves the timeliness of conventional chemical determination in the laboratory. It also solves the technical bottlenecks such as poor performance, low accuracy and weak stability, and also solves the problem of on-site detection being affected by the fecal liquid processing environment.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the temperature adjustment component and the gas circulation component of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the detection component of the present invention.
  • An on-site quick inspection device for nitrogen and phosphorus content in fecal liquid based on near-infrared spectrum including a box body 1, a box plate 17 and a box cover 9.
  • the upper end of the box body 1 is a box mouth, and a box plate is installed at the box mouth. 17.
  • the box lid 9 is hinged on one side of the box, and the inner side of the box 1 is enclosed by the enclosure 10 to form an independent detection part 15, in which a detection component and a sensor group 14 are provided; the box The other side of the body 1 is a control part 2, which is provided with a control component; the box 1 is also provided with a temperature adjustment component and a gas circulation component, and the detection component, temperature adjustment component, gas circulation component, The sensor groups 14 are all electrically connected to the control component.
  • the control component receives the infrared spectrum signal fed back by the detection component, and analyzes the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the fecal liquid sample through the infrared spectrum signal characteristics.
  • the control component receives the signal of the sensor group, and according to The signal value starts the temperature adjustment component and the gas circulation component, keeps the detection environment of the detection part 15 stable, and provides a constant temperature and interference-free detection environment for the detection component.
  • the relevant infrared spectrum signal recognition software is an existing technical software, and all controls are passed CPU control implementation, methods and components are all existing technologies, and the present invention is not particularly limited.
  • the innovation of the present invention focuses on overcoming the interference caused by the detection environment to the detection results in the existing technology.
  • the detection component includes a spectrum collection mechanism and a hollow rotating mechanism 11.
  • the hollow rotating mechanism 11 is installed on the upper part of the sample port 12 of the integrating sphere 13 of the spectrum collecting mechanism.
  • the hollow rotating mechanism 11 is coaxially embedded with a sample cup mounting frame 11-1.
  • the sample cup 24 is coaxially installed in the cup embedded frame.
  • An infrared temperature sensor is installed on the sample cup embedded frame 11-1 to monitor the detection temperature of the sample in the sample cup in real time to reduce the impact of different sample temperatures on the detection.
  • a vibration sensor is installed on the mounting frame 11-3 or on the outside of the integrating sphere 13 to monitor and reduce the impact of vibration of the test sample on the test results in real time.
  • the spectrum collection mechanism includes a spectrometer 20 and an integrating sphere 13.
  • the integrating sphere 13 is installed on one side of the detection part 15, and the spectrometer 20 is installed on the other side of the detection part 15.
  • the integrating sphere 13 is connected to the spectrometer 20 through an optical fiber; the integrating sphere 13
  • a sample port 12 is formed on the top.
  • the hollow rotating mechanism includes a mounting frame 11-3.
  • the mounting frame 11-3 is installed on the lower surface of the box plate 17, and its lower end is coaxially inserted with the integrating sphere 13.
  • a hollow electric motor is installed in the mounting frame 11-3.
  • the middle part of the hollow electric turntable 11-2 is a hollow part, and a sample cup embedded rack 11-1 is coaxially installed in the hollow part, and the sample cup embedded rack 11-1 is coaxially installed.
  • Sample cup 24; the sample cup 24 is coaxially arranged with the sample port 12 on the top of the integrating sphere 13; the box plate 17 corresponding to the position of the sample cup embedded rack 11-1 is made with a through hole, which is convenient for the sample cup embedded rack.
  • the upper part of 11-1 is penetrated to realize the removal and replacement of the sample cup in the sample cup embedded rack.
  • the hollow electric turntable 11-2 drives the sample cup 24 embedded in the sample cup mounting rack to rotate uniformly and at a fixed angle, allowing the spectrum collection mechanism to collect multi-angle spectral information from the same fecal liquid sample, thereby preventing uneven fecal liquid samples from affecting the detection results. Impact.
  • the temperature adjustment component includes a CPU processor wrapping box 3, an electronic refrigeration piece 22 and a gas circulation pump 23.
  • the CPU processor wrapping box is used to collect the heat emitted by the CPU processor.
  • the CPU processor wrapping box is provided with an air outlet.
  • the air inlet and outlet of the gas circulation pump are both provided with three-way pipes 26 (also called three-way valves, and solenoid valves 25 are provided on each pipe). Therefore, the air inlet of the gas circulation pump includes the first air inlet. and a second air inlet.
  • the air outlet of the gas circulation pump includes a first air outlet and a second air outlet.
  • the air outlet of the CPU processor package box is connected to the first air inlet of the gas circulation pump through pipe 4.
  • the gas circulation pump The first air outlet is connected to the detection part through pipe two 27.
  • the electronic refrigeration piece is installed on the side close to the control part On the enclosure 10, the A side of the electronic refrigeration piece 22 is the hot side located in the control part, and the B side of the electronic refrigeration piece 22 is the cold side located in the detection part.
  • the gas circulation pump is turned on to heat up.
  • the gas circulation pump is turned off and the electronics are turned on.
  • the refrigeration piece cools down the temperature inside the detection part.
  • the gas circulation component is composed of a three-effect air filter 19, a gas circulation pump 23, a first circulation pipe 5 and a second circulation pipe 21.
  • a gas circulation component is provided in the detection part, and the power is a gas circulation pump 23 in the temperature adjustment component.
  • An air outlet is provided at a corner of the enclosure 10, and the air outlet is connected to the second air inlet of the gas circulation pump through the first circulation pipe 5. port, the second air outlet of the gas circulation pump is connected to the air inlet of the three-effect air filter through the second circulation pipe 21, and the air outlet of the three-effect air filter is connected to the detection part.
  • the humidity value is out of range (relative humidity standard for normal operation of the equipment: below 50% RH, NH 3 concentration standard: below 0.2ppm), then start the gas circulation pump and the second air inlet and second outlet corresponding to the gas circulation component.
  • the gas circulation path purifies the environment in the detection department until it is qualified.
  • the sensor group 14 includes an ammonia concentration sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor.
  • the temperature and humidity sensors are used to monitor the temperature and humidity in the detection part in order to avoid the various detection elements of the detection assembly from affecting the detection results at different temperatures. influence and reduce the difficulty of temperature compensation processing;
  • the ammonia concentration sensor is used to monitor the ammonia content in the detection part,
  • the three-effect air filter is used to absorb interfering gases passing into the detection part and dry the air, and the control component receives
  • the electronic refrigeration unit 22, the gas circulation pump 23 and the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 25 are controlled to cool, heat up, dehumidify and remove interfering gases in the detection part, thereby maintaining the detection part.
  • the detection part is an independent constant temperature room, which maintains the detection element to detect the sample at a constant temperature, effectively reducing errors caused by detection.
  • the design method is as follows: the three-effect air filter 19 includes a hollow glass cylindrical shell 19-2 with through holes at both ends.
  • the cylindrical shell only has rubber sealing plugs at both ends.
  • a card slot 19-3 is formed on the box board, and corresponding round holes 19-1 are made on both sides of the card slot.
  • a slot cover is hinged on the card slot, and the round hole on one side is coaxially arranged with the end of the air inlet pipe.
  • An annular sealing plug is embedded.
  • the gas in the detection part passes through the gas circulation pump 23 and the three-effect air filter 19 from the air outlet of the hoarding, reaches the round hole of the slot and returns to the space of the detection part, thereby completing the influence of gas humidity and nitrogen pollution in the detection part.
  • the hollow glass cylindrical shell is filled with acid gas adsorption particles (silica gel), neutral gas adsorption particles (anhydrous calcium chloride) and alkaline gas adsorption particles (caustic soda) in sequence.
  • acid gas adsorption particles sica gel
  • neutral gas adsorption particles anhydrous calcium chloride
  • alkaline gas adsorption particles caustic soda
  • the control component includes a CPU processor, a graphics card and a power supply; a display 8 is also provided in the box cover, and a keyboard 16, a USB interface 6 and an exhaust fan 7 are provided in the control part; the above components are all electrically connected to the processor, and all The keyboard and USB interface are installed through the box board.
  • the exhaust fan dissipates heat for the graphics card and power supply. There are multiple exhaust fans on the box board corresponding to the position of the exhaust fan. Air holes; the processor receives and processes the data transmitted by each module of the detection component to obtain a rapid and accurate determination of the total nitrogen and total phosphorus content in the unknown fecal liquid sample, and monitors the detection situation in real time through the display.
  • the hollow electric turntable 11-2 is a precision optical hollow electric turntable.
  • the hollow electric turntable includes a base, a hollow turntable installed on the base, and a digital information driver that drives the hollow turntable to rotate.
  • the digital information driver on one side
  • the base is also equipped with a serial port relay.
  • the digital information driver is a servo stepper motor 11-2-1.
  • the hollow electric turntable is connected to the control component through the serial port relay to realize the control of the servo stepper motor's speed, direction and travel distance. control and feedback, and can also detect speed, direction, current distance, current position, limit switch and other information in real time.
  • the integrating sphere 13 adopts an ISP-REF integrating sphere, and the mounting bracket includes a limit slot and a U-shaped groove.
  • the limit slot is a hollow rectangular parallelepiped structure that runs up and down, and is installed with a coaxial jacket.
  • a U-shaped groove is coaxially fixed on the upper end of the integrating sphere and the top of the limiting slot.
  • the bottom of the U-shaped groove is installed with a hollow electric turntable through bolts, thereby realizing the hollow part of the hollow electric turntable and the sample port on the top of the integrating sphere.
  • Coaxially arranged, the tops of the groove walls on both sides of the U-shaped groove are vertically made with wing plates toward the outside of the groove.
  • the wing plates are flush with the top of the coaming board and are used to support the box board and provide support for the box board, thereby making it easier to It is good to make the hollow electric turntable rotate; and in order to further increase the support strength of the installation frame, there are reinforcement ribs on the outside of the groove wall of the U-shaped groove;
  • the sample cup embedded rack 11-1 includes an insertion tube and a limiting frame.
  • the insertion tube is a hollow tube that passes up and down.
  • the insertion tube is adapted to the hollow part of the hollow electric turntable.
  • the insertion tube The top end is coaxially fixed with a limiting frame, which is formed by two layers of hollow discs coaxially fixed through connecting columns, and the hollow part of the hollow disc is a hollow part, which is the same as the hollow part of the insertion tube.
  • the shaft forms a sample cup embedding groove, and the limiting frame is located on the upper surface of the box plate.
  • this device is also provided with a sample cup temporary storage box 18 on one side of the three-effect air filter slot.
  • the box opening of the temporary storage box is fixed on the lower surface of the box board, and the box board corresponding to the position of the temporary storage box for the sample cup is equipped with a take-out opening.
  • the temporary storage box for the sample cup is There is a buffer sponge inside, which not only plays a buffering role, but also achieves heat preservation;
  • the present invention adopts the design concept of an integrated portable device and realizes functions such as light source generation, spectrum collection, sample rotation at a fixed angle, collector constant temperature control, computer data analysis, monitor on-site display, and real-time data uploading in one box to meet the needs of rapid on-site detection. .
  • the present invention has a spectrum collection mechanism, a hollow rotating mechanism and a temperature adjustment component; among them, the hollow rotating mechanism can realize 360° without dead angle, assisting the spectrum collection mechanism to collect sample spectral information, thereby maximizing the collection of dairy cow manure liquid sample information per unit time; temperature regulation The component can adjust the temperature of the detection environment when collecting sample spectral information, so that the detection part is an independent constant temperature chamber, maintaining the detection element to detect the sample at a constant temperature, effectively reducing errors caused by detection; the gas circulation component
  • the detection environment in the detection department can be dehumidified and interfered with in real time, providing an interference-free detection environment for the detection components and ensuring accurate spectral signal detection.
  • the rapid acquisition of the detection results of the above-mentioned device relies on the first import of a data model into the processor of the device.
  • the data model is formed by using the device of the present invention to collect manure, sewage and marsh from an intensive dairy farm in a certain area through a large number of points throughout the year. Liquid samples such as liquids were measured for nitrogen and phosphorus content and the near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectrum information was scanned and the database of the area obtained was analyzed. Afterwards, the detection can be carried out on-site at any point in the intensive dairy farm in the area.
  • the control component receives signals from the temperature and humidity sensors and ammonia concentration sensors and starts the electronic refrigeration unit. , gas circulation pump and control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve to cool, heat, dehumidify and remove interfering gases in the detection part, and maintain the detection part in a detection environment with constant temperature, humidity and no interfering gas, specifically: when the temperature sensor monitors When the temperature of the detection part exceeds 20-25°C, the electronic refrigeration chip is started to cool down the temperature of the detection part; when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the detection part is lower than 20-25°C, the gas circulation pump is started and the connection is opened.
  • the solenoid valve on the first pipe uses the hot air generated by the CPU processor to heat the detection part; when the relative humidity of the detection part monitored by the humidity sensor exceeds 50% RH, or the NH3 concentration exceeds 0.2ppm, the gas circulation pump is started and the third
  • the solenoid valve on the path between the first circulation pipe and the second circulation pipe passes the gas in the detection part into the three-effect air filter through the gas circulation pump, and circulates the filtered and dried gas back through the outlet of the three-effect air filter.
  • the detection part realizes dehumidification and interference removal operations; making the environment of the detection part in an optimal environment for detection; then uses a sample tube to collect samples at the detection point, and then inserts the sample cup into the sample cup embedded rack, and then installs the sample
  • the cup's nutritional cup embedded frame is coaxially inserted into the hollow part of the hollow electric turntable; the computer controls the servo motor that starts the hollow electric turntable, and the hollow electric turntable drives the sample cup to rotate uniformly at a fixed angle, allowing the spectrum collection module to perform multi-angle spectra on the same sample. Collect information; and save the collected information in real time;
  • the present invention does not require the addition of acid, titration, dilution, filtration and other pre-treatments in the whole process; it meets the urgent need for rapid on-site measurement and analysis of nutrients returned from dairy farms to fields; it also solves the timeliness of conventional chemical determination in the laboratory. It also solves the technical bottlenecks such as poor performance, low accuracy and weak stability, and also solves the problem of on-site detection being affected by the fecal liquid processing environment.
  • the relative air humidity is 91.2% and the ammonia concentration is 1.65ppm.
  • Table 2 Comparison of on-site rapid measurement results of nitrogen and phosphorus content of manure samples in the mixed sewage collection tank of FY dairy farm in Tianjin Binhai New District.
  • the relative error is calculated as the absolute value of the laboratory reference value minus the measured value of the device, and then divided by the laboratory reference value.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种基于近红外光谱的粪液氮磷含量现场快检装置，包括箱体，所述箱体上安装有箱板，箱体一侧铰装有箱盖，且箱体内一侧为检测部，检测部内设置检测组件和传感器组；箱体内另一侧为控制部，控制部内设置控制组件；所述箱体内还设置有温度调节组件以及气体循环组件，所述检测组件、温度调节组件、气体循环组件均与控制组件电连，实现现场精准检测。本发明利用检测组件，实现360°无死角采集样品光谱信息，在温度调节组件、气体循环组件的辅助下减小检测环境温度、湿度及干扰气体的影响，保障光谱信号检测精准稳定，从而解决实验室常规化学测定时效性差、准确度低、稳定性弱等技术瓶颈，还解决了现场检测受粪液处理环境影响的难题。

Description

基于近红外光谱的粪液氮磷含量现场快检装置 技术领域
本发明属于粪液氮磷含量检测技术领域，涉及对集约化奶牛场粪液中总氮、总磷含量的现场快速测定装置，尤其是一种基于近红外光谱的粪液氮磷含量现场快检装置。
背景技术
氮磷是规模化奶牛场粪污科学还田的重要考量指标，国内集约化奶牛场粪污转运处理过程复杂多变，链条长且循环往复，因此实验室常规化学测定存在时效性差、准确度低、稳定性弱等技术瓶颈，快速、准确测定粪液中的氮磷含量是现阶段奶牛场在种养结合道路上亟需破解的难题；然而现场快检的难题包括缺少便携的检测装置以及检测现场环境影响，具体为，检测现场由于是曝气池、氧化塘等粪液处理设施，某些特定环境较为潮湿，且空气流动中还充满了氨气、硫化氢等气体，上述气体的存在，极大地影响了现场检测粪液氮磷含量的结果。因此，亟需一种可以在奶牛场的现场进行粪液检测，且检测效率高效、准确，为粪液科学还田提供技术支撑的基于近红外光谱的粪液氮磷含量现场快检装置。
通过检索未发现与本申请相关的专利文献。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足之处，提供一种结构新颖、携带便捷、检测高效准确的基于近红外光谱的粪液氮磷含量现场快检装置，该装置解决了实验室常规化学测定时效性差、准确度低、稳定性弱等技术瓶颈，还解决了现场检测受粪液处理环境影响的难题。
本发明解决其技术问题是采取以下技术方案实现的：
一种基于近红外光谱的粪液氮磷含量现场快检装置，包括箱体、箱板以及箱盖，所述箱体的上端为箱口，在该箱口处安装有箱板，箱体一侧铰装有箱盖，所述箱体内一侧通过围板围合形成一个独立的检测部，在该检测部内设置有检测组件以及传感器组；所述箱体内另一侧为控制部，在该控制部内设置有控制组件；所述箱体内还设置有温度调节组件、气体循环组件，所述检测组件、温度调节组件、气体循环组件以及传感器组均与控制组件电连，所述控制组件接收检测组件反馈的红外光谱信号，通过红外光谱信号特征分析出粪液样品内的氮磷含量，所述控制组件接收传感器组的信号，根据信号值启动温度调节组件及气体循环组件，保持检测部的检测环境稳定，为检测组件提供一个恒温无干扰的检测环境；
其中，所述传感器组包括氨气浓度传感器、温度传感器以及湿度传感器，所述温度传感器用于监测检测部内的温度，给控制组件传递温度信号，湿度传感器用于监测检测部内的湿度，给控制组件传递湿度信号，所述氨气浓度传感器用于监测检测部内的氨气含量，给控制组件传递氨气含量信号。
而且，所述检测组件包括光谱采集机构以及中空旋转机构，光谱采集机构的积分球的样品口上部设置中空旋转机构，中空旋转机构同轴嵌装样品杯嵌装架，样品杯嵌装架内同轴安装样品杯，在样品杯嵌装架上安装红外温度传感器实时监测样品杯内样品的检测温度，在中空旋转机构的安装架上或者积分球的外侧安装振动传感器，实时监测、减小检测样品振动对检测结果的影响。
而且，所述光谱采集机构包括光谱仪以及积分球，积分球安装在检测部一侧，光谱仪安装在检测部另一侧，积分球通过光纤与光谱仪连接；所述积分球顶端制有样品口；所述中空旋转机构包括安装架，所述安装架安装在箱板下表面，其下端与积分球同轴插装，所述安装架内安装有中空电动转台，所述中空电动转台的中部为中空部，在该中空部内同轴安装有样品杯嵌装架，对应样品杯嵌装架位置的箱板制有通孔，样品杯嵌装架上部贯穿通孔。
而且，所述温度调节组件包括CPU处理器包裹箱体、电子制冷片和气体循环泵，CPU处理器包裹箱体用于收集CPU处理器散发的热量，CPU处理器包裹箱体设置出气口，所述气体循环泵进气口和出气口均设置有三通阀，所述气体循环泵的进气口包括第一进气口和第二进气口，气体循环泵的出气口包括第一出气口和第二出气口，CPU处理器包裹箱体出气口通过管道一连通连接气体循环泵第一进气口，气体循环泵的第一出气口通过管道二连接到检测部内；电子制冷片设置在靠近控制部一侧的围板上，电子制冷片的A面为热面位于控制部内，电子制冷片的B面为冷面位于检测部内；所述气体循环组件由三效空气过滤器、气体循环泵、第一循环管道以及第二循环管道组成，所述气体循环组件和温度调节组件共用一个气体循环泵，在围板的一角设置一出气口，该出气口通过第一循环管道连接气体循环泵的第二进气口，气体循环泵的第二出气口通过第二循环管道连通连接三效空气过滤器进气口，三效空气过滤器的出气口连通至检测部内。
而且，所述三效空气过滤器包括两端带有通孔的中空玻璃圆柱形壳体，圆柱形壳体两端设有橡胶密封塞，在箱板上制有一个卡槽，卡槽两侧对应制成圆孔，卡槽上铰装有槽盖，其中一侧圆孔同轴设置进气管端部，圆孔内嵌环形密封塞。
而且，所述中空玻璃圆柱形壳体内依次填充有酸性气体吸附颗粒、中性气体吸附颗粒以及碱性气体吸附颗粒。
而且，所述控制组件包括CPU处理器、显卡以及电源；所述箱盖内还设置有显示器，控制部内还设置有键盘、USB接口以及排风扇；所述显卡、电源、显示器、键盘、USB接口以及排风扇均与处理器电连，且所述键盘以及USB接口贯穿箱板设置，排风扇给显卡和电源散热，对应排风扇位置的箱板上设置有多个排风孔；所述CPU处理器通过接收到检测组件的各个模块传输的数据进行处理得到对未知粪液样品中的总氮、总磷含量的快速准确测定，并通过显示器，实时监控检测情况。
而且，所述安装架包括限位插槽以及U型槽，所述限位插槽为上下贯通的中空长方体结 构，所述限位插槽顶端同轴固装有U型槽，所述U型槽的槽底通过螺栓安装中空电动转台，实现中空电动转台的中空部与积分球顶端的样品口同轴设置，所述U型槽的两侧槽壁顶端均向槽外侧垂直制出翼板，该翼板与围板顶端平齐，在U型槽的槽壁外侧上还设置有加强筋。
而且，所述样品杯嵌装架包括插入管以及限位架，所述插入管为一上下贯通的中空管，所述插入管与中空电动转台的中空部相适配，所述插入管顶端同轴固装有限位架，所述限位架由两层中空圆盘通过连接柱同轴固装形成，且中空圆盘的中空处为中空部，该中空部与插入管的中空部同轴形成样品杯嵌装槽，所述限位架位于箱板上表面。
本发明的优点和积极效果是：
本发明采用一体式便携设备设计理念，一箱实现光源发生、光谱采集、样品定角度旋转、采集器恒温控制、计算机数据分析、监视器现场展示、数据实时上传等功能，满足现场快速检测的需求。
本发明的光谱采集机构、中空旋转机构和温度调节组件；其中，中空旋转机构可以实现360°无死角辅助光谱采集机构采集样品光谱信息，实现单位时间内最大化采集奶牛粪液样品信息；温度调节组件可实现样品光谱信息采集时对检测环境的温度进行调节，使得检测部为一个独立的恒温室，维持检测元件在恒定温度下对样品进行检测，有效降低检测导致的误差；所述气体循环组件可以对检测部内的检测环境进行实时除湿除干扰气体的操作，为检测组件提供一个无干扰的检测环境，保障光谱信号检测精准；
本发明较现有的实验室检测，全过程无需加酸、滴定、稀释、过滤等预处理；满足了奶牛场粪污还田养分现场快速测定分析的迫切需求；解决了实验室常规化学测定时效性差、准确度低、稳定性弱等技术瓶颈，还解决了现场检测受粪液处理环境影响的难题。
附图说明
图1为本发明结构示意图；
图2为本发明立体图；
图3为本发明温度调节组件及气体循环组件示意图；
图4为本发明检测组件示意图。
其中：1-箱体，2-控制部，3-CPU处理器包裹箱体，4-管道一，5-第一循环管道、6-USB接口，7-排风扇，8-显示器，9-箱盖，10-围板，11-中空旋转机构，12-样品口，13-积分球，14-传感器组，15-检测部，16-键盘，17-箱板，18-样品杯暂存盒，19-三效空气过滤器，20-光谱仪，21-第二循环管道，22-电子制冷片，23-气体循环泵，24-样品杯，25-电磁阀；26-三通管，27-管道二，11-1-样品杯嵌装架，11-2-中空电动转台,11-3-安装架,11-2-1-伺服步进电机，19-1-圆孔,19-2-中空玻璃圆柱形壳体,19-3-卡槽。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步详述，以下实施例只是描述性的，不 是限定性的，不能以此限定本发明的保护范围。
一种基于近红外光谱的粪液氮磷含量现场快检装置，包括箱体1、箱板17以及箱盖9，所述箱体1的上端为箱口，在该箱口处安装有箱板17，箱体一侧铰装有箱盖9，且箱体1内一侧通过围板10围合形成一个独立的检测部15，在该检测部内设置有检测组件以及传感器组14；所述箱体1内另一侧为控制部2，在该控制部内设置有控制组件；所述箱体1内还设置有温度调节组件、气体循环组件，所述检测组件、温度调节组件、气体循环组件、传感器组14均与控制组件电连，所述控制组件接收检测组件反馈的红外光谱信号，通过红外光谱信号特征分析出粪液样品内的氮磷含量，所述控制组件接收传感器组的信号，根据信号值启动温度调节组件及气体循环组件，保持检测部15的检测环境稳定，为检测组件提供一个恒温无干扰的检测环境，相关红外光谱信号识别软件等均为现有技术软件，所有控制均通过CPU控制实现，方法及组件均为现有技术，本发明不做特殊限定，本发明创新围绕在克服现有技术中检测环境对检测结果带来的干扰。
所述检测组件包括光谱采集机构、中空旋转机构11，光谱采集机构的积分球13的样品口12上部安装中空旋转机构11，中空旋转机构11同轴嵌装样品杯嵌装架11-1，样品杯嵌装架内同轴安装样品杯24，在样品杯嵌装架11-1上安装红外温度传感器实时监测样品杯内样品的检测温度，减少样品温度不同对检测的影响，在中空旋转机构11安装架11-3上或者积分球13的外侧安装振动传感器，实时监测、减小检测样品振动对检测结果的影响。
所述光谱采集机构包括光谱仪20以及积分球13，积分球13安装在检测部15一侧，光谱仪20安装在检测部15另一侧，积分球13通过光纤与光谱仪20连接；所述积分球13顶端制有样品口12。所述中空旋转机构包括安装架11-3，所述安装架11-3安装在箱板17下表面，其下端与积分球13同轴插装，所述安装架11-3内安装有中空电动转台11-2，所述中空电动转台11-2的中部为中空部，在该中空部内同轴安装有样品杯嵌装架11-1，所述样品杯嵌装架11-1内同轴安装样品杯24；所述样品杯24与积分球13顶部的样品口12同轴设置；对应样品杯嵌装架11-1位置的箱板17制有通孔，该通孔便于样品杯嵌装架11-1上部贯穿，实现样品杯嵌装架内的样品杯的拿取更换。中空电动转台11-2带动嵌装在样品杯嵌装架内的样品杯24均匀定角度旋转，实现光谱采集机构对同一粪液样品进行多角度光谱信息采集，避免粪液样品不均匀对检测结果的影响。
所述温度调节组件包括CPU处理器包裹箱体3、电子制冷片22和气体循环泵23，CPU处理器包裹箱体用于收集CPU处理器散发的热量，CPU处理器包裹箱体设置出气口，所述气体循环泵进气口和出气口均设置有三通管26(也称为三通阀，在每个管路上设置电磁阀25)，因此气体循环泵的进气口包括第一进气口和第二进气口，气体循环泵的出气口包括第一出气口和第二出气口，CPU处理器包裹箱体出气口通过管道一4连通连接气体循环泵第一进气口，气体循环泵的第一出气口通过管道二27连接到检测部内。电子制冷片设置在靠近控制部一侧 的围板10上，电子制冷片22的A面为热面位于控制部内，电子制冷片的B面为冷面位于检测部内。用CPU处理器散发的热量给检测部加温，当温度低于检测温度20-25℃时，开启气体循环泵升温，当温度高于检测温度20-25℃时，关闭气体循环泵，打开电子制冷片，给检测部内降温。
所述气体循环组件由三效空气过滤器19、气体循环泵23、第一循环管道5以及第二循环管道21组成，为了调节检测部的气体环境，降低环境气体中氨氮对红外光吸收的影响，在检测部设置气体循环组件，动力采用温度调节组件中的气体循环泵23，在围板10的一角设置一出气口，该出气口通过第一循环管道5连接气体循环泵的第二进气口，气体循环泵的第二出气口通过第二循环管道21连通连接三效空气过滤器进气口，三效空气过滤器的出气口连通至检测部内，当传感器组14传来氨气浓度、湿度数值超范围(设备正常运行的相对湿度标准：50％RH以下，NH3浓度标准：0.2ppm以下)，那么启动气体循环泵以及气体循环组件对应的第二进气口、第二出气口的气体循环通路，净化检测部内的环境，至合格。
传感器组14包括氨气浓度传感器、温度传感器以及湿度传感器，所述温、湿度传感器，用于监测检测部内的温度及湿度，是为了避免检测组件的各类检测元件在不同温度下对检测结果的影响，降低温度补偿处理难度；所述氨气浓度传感器用于监测检测部内的氨气含量，所述三效空气过滤器用于吸收通入检测部内的干扰气体以及对空气进行干燥，控制组件通过接收到温、湿度传感器、氨气浓度传感器的信号，通过启动电子制冷片22、气体循环泵23以及控制电磁阀25开闭对检测部进行制冷、升温以及除湿除干扰气体的操作，将检测部维持在一个恒定温度、湿度、无干扰气体的检测环境，从而使得检测部为一个独立的恒温室，维持检测元件在温度的温度下对样品进行检测，有效降低检测导致的误差。
为了便于显示三效空气过滤器的状态，设计方式如下：三效空气过滤器19包括两端带有通孔的中空玻璃圆柱形壳体19-2，圆柱形壳体两端只有橡胶密封塞，在箱板上制有一个卡槽19-3，卡槽两侧对应制成圆孔19-1，卡槽上铰装有槽盖，其中一侧圆孔同轴设置进气管端部，圆孔内嵌环形密封塞，当圆柱形壳体嵌入到卡槽内，圆柱形壳体两侧的通孔同轴密封连接卡槽相对应两端的圆孔，其中进气管端与气体循环泵第二出气口密封连接。使检测部的气体从围板出气口通过气体循环泵23、三效空气过滤器19，到卡槽的圆孔又回到检测部的空间内，完成检测部气体湿度和氮污染影响。
所述中空玻璃圆柱形壳体内依次填充有酸性气体吸附颗粒(硅胶)、中性气体吸附颗粒(无水氯化钙)以及碱性气体吸附颗粒(苛性钠)，当中空玻璃圆柱形壳体内的吸附颗粒出现吸附饱和，颜色发生变化后，可以打开壳盖，将三效空气过滤管进行更换即可。
所述控制组件包括CPU处理器、显卡以及电源；所述箱盖内还设置有显示器8，控制部内还设置有键盘16、USB接口6以及排风扇7；上述元件均与处理器电连，且所述键盘以及USB接口贯穿箱板设置，排风扇给显卡和电源散热，对应排风扇位置的箱板上设置有多个排 风孔；所述处理器通过接收到检测组件的各个模块传输的数据进行处理得到对未知粪液样品中的总氮、总磷含量的快速准确测定，并通过显示器，实时监控检测情况。
进一步，所述中空电动转台11-2选用精密光学中空电动转台，所述中空电动转台包括底座、安装在底座上的中空转盘以及驱动中空转盘旋转的数字信息驱动器，所述数字信息驱动器一侧的底座上还设置有串口继电器，所述数字信息驱动器为伺服步进电机11-2-1，该中空电动转台通过该串口继电器与控制组件连接，实现伺服步进电机的转速、方向、行进距离的控制和反馈，且还能实时检测转速、方向、当前距离、当前位置、限位开关等信息。
所述积分球13采用ISP-REF积分球，且所述安装架包括限位插槽以及U型槽，所述限位插槽为上下贯通的中空长方体结构，且其安装时同轴外套插装在积分球上端，且限位插槽顶端同轴固装有U型槽，所述U型槽的槽底通过螺栓安装中空电动转台，从而实现中空电动转台的中空部与积分球顶端的样品口同轴设置，所述U型槽的两侧槽壁顶端均向槽外侧垂直制出翼板，该翼板与围板顶端平齐，用于支撑箱板，给箱板提供支撑力，从而更好的使中空电动转台旋转；且为了进一步增加安装架的支撑强度，在U型槽的槽壁外侧上还设置有加强筋；
所述样品杯嵌装架11-1包括插入管以及限位架，所述插入管为一上下贯通的中空管，所述插入管与中空电动转台的中空部相适配，所述插入管顶端同轴固装有限位架，所述限位架由两层中空圆盘通过连接柱同轴固装形成，且中空圆盘的中空处为中空部，该中空部与插入管的中空部同轴形成样品杯嵌装槽，所述限位架位于箱板上表面。
本装置为了可以让样品杯在不采样检测时有地方存放以及便于拿取配套使用的样品杯，在所述三效空气过滤器卡槽一侧还设置有样品杯暂存盒18，该样品杯暂存盒的盒口固定在箱板下表面，且对应该样品杯暂存盒位置的箱板制有拿取口，且为了保护样品杯在携带时不易磕碰，在所述样品杯暂存盒内设置有缓冲海绵，起到缓冲作用的同时还能实现保温；
本发明采用一体式便携设备设计理念，一箱实现光源发生、光谱采集、样品定角度旋转、采集器恒温控制、计算机数据分析、监视器现场展示、数据实时上传等功能，满足现场快速检测的需求。
本发明的光谱采集机构、中空旋转机构和温度调节组件；其中，中空旋转机构可以实现360°无死角辅助光谱采集机构采集样品光谱信息，实现单位时间内最大化采集奶牛粪液样品信息；温度调节组件可实现样品光谱信息采集时对检测环境的温度进行调节，使得检测部为一个独立的恒温室，维持检测元件在恒定温度下对样品进行检测，有效降低检测导致的误差；所述气体循环组件可以对检测部内的检测环境进行实时除湿除干扰气体的操作，为检测组件提供一个无干扰的检测环境，保障光谱信号检测精准。
上述装置的检测结果快速获得是依托在本装置的处理器内先导入数据模型，该数据模型由利用本发明的装置对某一个区域的集约化奶牛场经过常年大量点位采集的粪水、沼液等液态样品进行测定氮磷含量并扫描近红外线漫反射光谱信息，分析得到的该区域的数据库，日 后可以在该区域的集约化奶牛场任意点位现场进行检测就行。
本发明装置具体使用方式如下：
将本装置带到检测现场，本装置在使用时，需要开机稳定20-30min后开始检测，在检测前，控制组件通过接收到温、湿度传感器、氨气浓度传感器的信号，通过启动电子制冷片、气体循环泵以及控制电磁阀开闭对检测部进行制冷、加热以及除湿除干扰气体的操作，将检测部维持在一个恒定温度、湿度、无干扰气体的检测环境，具体为：当温度传感器监测到检测部的温度超过20-25℃时，则启动电子制冷片，对检测部的温度进行降温；当温度传感器监测到检测部的温度低于20-25℃时，启动气体循环泵，打开连通管道一上的电磁阀，将CPU处理器产生的热风对检测部进行升温；当湿度传感器监测的检测部的相对湿度超过50％RH，或者NH3浓度超过0.2ppm，则启动气体循环泵、打开第一循环管道和第二循环管道的通路上的电磁阀，将检测部内的气体通过气体循环泵通入三效空气过滤器，并通过三效空气过滤器的出气口将过滤干燥后的气体循环回检测部，实现除湿除干扰操作；使得检测部的环境处于一个检测的最优环境；然后在检测点位用样品管采集样品，然后将样品杯插入样品杯嵌装架内，然后将安装有样品杯的养品杯嵌装架同轴插入中空电动转台的中空部；电脑控制启动中空电动转台的伺服电机，中空电动转台带动样品杯均匀定角度旋转，实现光谱采集模块对同一样品进行多角度光谱信息采集；且将采集到的信息实时保存；
本发明涉及到的设备的主要技术参数如表1所示。
本发明较现有的实验室检测，全过程无需加酸、滴定、稀释、过滤等预处理；满足了奶牛场粪污还田养分现场快速测定分析的迫切需求；解决了实验室常规化学测定时效性差、准确度低、稳定性弱等技术瓶颈，还解决了现场检测受粪液处理环境影响的难题。
比如采样环境1某某养殖场集污池旁，空气相对湿度91.2％，氨气浓度1.65ppm。
表2天津市滨海新区FY奶牛场混合集污池中粪液样品氮磷含量的现场快速测定结果比对。其中相对误差的计算为实验室参比值减去本装置测定值的结果的绝对值，然后除以实验室参比值。
尽管为说明目的公开了本发明的实施例和附图，但是本领域的技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本发明及所附权利要求的精神和范围内，各种替换、变化和修改都是可能的，因此，本发明的范围不局限于实施例和附图所公开的内容。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种基于近红外光谱的粪液氮磷含量现场快检装置，包括箱体、箱板以及箱盖，所述箱体的上端为箱口，在该箱口处安装有箱板，箱体一侧铰装有箱盖，其特征在于：所述箱体内一侧通过围板围合形成一个独立的检测部，在该检测部内设置有检测组件以及传感器组；所述箱体内另一侧为控制部，在该控制部内设置有控制组件；所述箱体内还设置有温度调节组件、气体循环组件，所述检测组件、温度调节组件、气体循环组件以及传感器组均与控制组件电连，所述控制组件接收检测组件反馈的红外光谱信号，通过红外光谱信号特征分析出粪液样品内的氮磷含量，所述控制组件接收传感器组的信号，根据信号值启动温度调节组件及气体循环组件，保持检测部的检测环境稳定，为检测组件提供一个恒温无干扰的检测环境；
    其中，所述传感器组包括氨气浓度传感器、温度传感器以及湿度传感器，所述温度传感器用于监测检测部内的温度，给控制组件传递温度信号，湿度传感器用于监测检测部内的湿度，给控制组件传递湿度信号，所述氨气浓度传感器用于监测检测部内的氨气含量，给控制组件传递氨气含量信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于近红外光谱的粪液氮磷含量现场快检装置，其特征在于：所述检测组件包括光谱采集机构以及中空旋转机构，光谱采集机构的积分球的样品口上部设置中空旋转机构，中空旋转机构同轴嵌装样品杯嵌装架，样品杯嵌装架内同轴安装样品杯，在样品杯嵌装架上安装红外温度传感器实时监测样品杯内样品的检测温度，在中空旋转机构的安装架上或者积分球的外侧安装振动传感器，实时监测、减小检测样品振动对检测结果的影响。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的基于近红外光谱的粪液氮磷含量现场快检装置，其特征在于：所述光谱采集机构包括光谱仪以及积分球，积分球安装在检测部一侧，光谱仪安装在检测部另一侧，积分球通过光纤与光谱仪连接；所述积分球顶端制有样品口；所述中空旋转机构包括安装架，所述安装架安装在箱板下表面，其下端与积分球同轴插装，所述安装架内安装有中空电动转台，所述中空电动转台的中部为中空部，在该中空部内同轴安装有样品杯嵌装架，对应样品杯嵌装架位置的箱板制有通孔，样品杯嵌装架上部贯穿通孔。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的基于近红外光谱的粪液氮磷含量现场快检装置，其特征在于：所述温度调节组件包括CPU处理器包裹箱体、电子制冷片和气体循环泵，CPU处理器包裹箱体用于收集CPU处理器散发的热量，CPU处理器包裹箱体设置出气口，所述气体循环泵进气口和出气口均设置有三通阀，所述气体循环泵的进气口包括第一进气口和第二进气口，气体循环泵的出气口包括第一出气口和第二出气口，CPU处理器包裹箱体出气口通过管道一连通连接气体循环泵第一进气口，气体循环泵的第一出气口通过管道二连接到检测部内；电子制冷片设置在靠近控制部一侧的围板上，电子制冷片的A面为热面位于控制部内，电子制冷片的B面为冷面位于检测部内；所述气体循环组件由三效空气过滤器、气体循环泵、第一循环管道以及第二循环管道组成，所述气体循环组件和温度调节组件共用一个气体循环泵，在围 板的一角设置一出气口，该出气口通过第一循环管道连接气体循环泵的第二进气口，气体循环泵的第二出气口通过第二循环管道连通连接三效空气过滤器进气口，三效空气过滤器的出气口连通至检测部内。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的基于近红外光谱的粪液氮磷含量现场快检装置，其特征在于：所述三效空气过滤器包括两端带有通孔的中空玻璃圆柱形壳体，圆柱形壳体两端设有橡胶密封塞，在箱板上制有一个卡槽，卡槽两侧对应制成圆孔，卡槽上铰装有槽盖，其中一侧圆孔同轴设置进气管端部，圆孔内嵌环形密封塞。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的基于近红外光谱的粪液氮磷含量现场快检装置，其特征在于：所述中空玻璃圆柱形壳体内依次填充有酸性气体吸附颗粒、中性气体吸附颗粒以及碱性气体吸附颗粒。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的基于近红外光谱的粪液氮磷含量现场快检装置，其特征在于：所述控制组件包括CPU处理器、显卡以及电源；所述箱盖内还设置有显示器，控制部内还设置有键盘、USB接口以及排风扇；所述显卡、电源、显示器、键盘、USB接口以及排风扇均与处理器电连，且所述键盘以及USB接口贯穿箱板设置，排风扇给显卡和电源散热，对应排风扇位置的箱板上设置有多个排风孔；所述CPU处理器通过接收到检测组件的各个模块传输的数据进行处理得到对未知粪液样品中的总氮、总磷含量的快速准确测定，并通过显示器，实时监控检测情况。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的基于近红外光谱的粪液氮磷含量现场快检装置，其特征在于：所述安装架包括限位插槽以及U型槽，所述限位插槽为上下贯通的中空长方体结构，所述限位插槽顶端同轴固装有U型槽，所述U型槽的槽底通过螺栓安装中空电动转台，实现中空电动转台的中空部与积分球顶端的样品口同轴设置，所述U型槽的两侧槽壁顶端均向槽外侧垂直制出翼板，该翼板与围板顶端平齐，在U型槽的槽壁外侧上还设置有加强筋。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的基于近红外光谱的粪液氮磷含量现场快检装置，其特征在于：所述样品杯嵌装架包括插入管以及限位架，所述插入管为一上下贯通的中空管，所述插入管与中空电动转台的中空部相适配，所述插入管顶端同轴固装有限位架，所述限位架由两层中空圆盘通过连接柱同轴固装形成，且中空圆盘的中空处为中空部，该中空部与插入管的中空部同轴形成样品杯嵌装槽，所述限位架位于箱板上表面。
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