WO2024022002A1 - 产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法 - Google Patents

产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024022002A1
WO2024022002A1 PCT/CN2023/104117 CN2023104117W WO2024022002A1 WO 2024022002 A1 WO2024022002 A1 WO 2024022002A1 CN 2023104117 W CN2023104117 W CN 2023104117W WO 2024022002 A1 WO2024022002 A1 WO 2024022002A1
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Prior art keywords
line
shell
teeth
cavity
cutting line
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PCT/CN2023/104117
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
裴景东
冯洋
王明政
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上海时代天使医疗器械有限公司
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Publication of WO2024022002A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024022002A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61CDENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C7/00Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61CDENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C7/00Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
    • A61C7/08Mouthpiece-type retainers or positioners, e.g. for both the lower and upper arch

Definitions

  • the present application relates generally to methods of producing cutting lines for shell-like dental instruments.
  • Shell-shaped dental instruments are integrated shells that form a cavity to accommodate the teeth.
  • a commonly used method for making shell-shaped dental instruments is to press a heated polymer diaphragm material onto a positive tooth model to form a corresponding negative model by applying positive or negative pressure, and then trim the excess part of the negative model. Remove it to obtain the corresponding shell-shaped dental instrument.
  • the existing method of determining the cutting line is to sequentially connect the cavity lines of each tooth on the three-dimensional digital model of the positive tooth model according to the order of the teeth, and then, based on the curve formed by the connection, the cutting line of the shell-shaped dental instrument is obtained by fitting. .
  • the resulting cutting line may form a large indentation in the area of the misaligned teeth, which may cause interference during the cut.
  • One aspect of the present application provides a computer-implemented method for generating a cutting line for a shell-shaped dental instrument, which includes: obtaining a first three-dimensional digital model representing a male mold; The line is divided into a lingual part and a labial and buccal part; from one end of the first three-dimensional digital model to the other end, taking three consecutively adjacent teeth as a group, and based on the lingual part and the labial and buccal part of the dental cavity line, the lingual part and the labial and buccal part of the cutting line of the shell-shaped dental instrument are respectively generated, wherein, based on Generating a first side cutting line from the cavity line on the first side of a group of teeth includes the following operations: projecting the points on the cavity line on the first side of the current group of teeth to the first plane to obtain a first projection point set; based on the above The first projection point set generates an alpha shape; select an edge in the alpha shape, and its first endpoint and second endpoint are respectively the projection point
  • first endpoint has the smallest index along the direction from the anterior tooth to the subsequent tooth among the projection points belonging to the current tooth in the first projection point set; passing the first end point and the second endpoint, draw an arc with an alpha radius toward the second concave side opposite to the first side, sample on the arc to obtain a sampling point set, and project the sampling point set to the first side
  • Obtain a second projection point set on the three-dimensional model construct a section of the cut using the points on the tooth cavity line corresponding to the projection point belonging to the current tooth before the first end point in the alpha shape and the second projection point set line, wherein the next set of teeth takes the teeth where the second endpoint is located as the front teeth, and takes the point on the dental cavity line corresponding to the second endpoint as the starting point, and the first side is the lingual side and the labial and cheek sides.
  • One of the sides, the second side being the lingual side and the other of the buccal side.
  • the male mold is used to form a shell-shaped dental instrument thereon using a hot stamping process.
  • the selected sides are sides of a Drone triangle.
  • the first plane is fitted based on a cavity line on the first side of the current set of teeth.
  • the alpha value of the alpha shape is the minimum alpha radius capable of generating an alpha shape that encompasses all points.
  • the computer-implemented method of generating a cutting line for a shell-shaped dental instrument further includes: smoothing and cubic spline interpolation on the complete generated cutting line to obtain the final cutting line.
  • the computer-implemented method for generating cutting lines of a shell-shaped dental instrument further includes: projecting the cavity lines of all teeth of the first three-dimensional digital model to a second plane; and for each The projection of a dental cavity line on the second plane, with its center of mass and the adjacent tooth cavity line on the second plane The line connecting the centroids of the projections divides it into two parts, and based on the distance between the centroids of the respective centroids of the two parts and the centroids of the projections of all cavity lines on the second plane, determine which part of the two parts is the lingual part, Which part is the labial and buccal part.
  • the second plane is obtained by fitting the cavity lines of all teeth of the first three-dimensional digital model.
  • Yet another aspect of the present application provides a computer system for generating a cutting line for a shell-shaped dental instrument, which includes a processor and a storage device storing a computer program for generating a cutting line for a shell-shaped dental instrument. , when it is run by the processor, the processor will execute the method of generating a cutting line for a shell-shaped dental instrument.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for producing a cutting line for a shell-shaped dental instrument in one embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 2 schematically shows a three-dimensional digital model of the male mold in an example of this application
  • Figure 3 schematically shows how to determine the lingual and buccal parts of the cavity line
  • Figure 4A schematically shows the projected alpha shape of the lingual portion of the cavity line for a set of three teeth in one example. ;
  • Figure 4B schematically shows a concave arc in the direction of the first tooth behind the front teeth with alpha as the radius and passing through the first endpoint and the second endpoint of the selected edge shown in Figure 4A;
  • Figure 5A schematically shows a cutting line produced by a traditional method in an example
  • Figure 5B schematically shows the cutting line produced by the method of the present application based on the three-dimensional digital model of the male mold shown in Figure 5A.
  • One aspect of the present application provides a computer-executed method for generating a cutting line for a shell-shaped dental instrument, which uses an alpha shape method to generate a cutting line for a shell-shaped dental instrument, thereby improving the problem of interference during cutting.
  • Yet another aspect of the present application provides a computer system for generating a cutting line for a shell-shaped dental instrument, which includes a processor and a storage device storing a computer program for generating a cutting line for a shell-shaped dental instrument. , when it is run by the processor, the method of generating the cutting line of the shell-shaped dental instrument will be executed.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a computer-executed method 100 for generating a cutting line for a shell-shaped dental instrument in one embodiment of the present application.
  • the male mold is a solid model used to laminate to form a shell-like dental instrument. Typically, it includes a plurality of teeth, at least part of the gums, and a base (to provide sufficient height for the male mold).
  • the first three-dimensional digital model is based on a three-dimensional digital model representing teeth in a corresponding tooth layout. produced by type.
  • the tooth portion of the first three-dimensional digital model may be consistent with the three-dimensional digital model representing teeth in a corresponding tooth layout.
  • the tooth portion of the first three-dimensional digital model can be obtained by modifying the three-dimensional digital model representing the teeth in a corresponding tooth layout. Such modifications include, but are not limited to, in the selected teeth. Add an attachment to the selected location.
  • the method of generating a three-dimensional digital model representing the male mold is well known in the industry and will not be described again.
  • Figure 2 schematically shows a three-dimensional digital model of the male mold in an example of the present application.
  • the cavity line of each tooth in the first three-dimensional digital model is divided into two parts, the buccal side and the lingual side.
  • the cavity line is the boundary between the crown of the tooth and the gums.
  • the following method can be used to divide the cavity line of each tooth into two parts, the buccal side and the lingual side.
  • a first projection plane is obtained based on vertex fitting on the cavity lines of all teeth, and the vertices of all cavity lines are projected onto the first projection plane.
  • the three-dimensional digital model adopts a triangular mesh model.
  • the dental cavity line is formed by connecting the vertices of multiple triangular meshes.
  • any other suitable method can also be used to divide the cavity line of each tooth into a lingual part and a labial and buccal part.
  • the first projection plane may be an occlusal plane rather than a fitted plane.
  • the tangent line of the dental arch curve can be drawn through the center of mass of a dental cavity line, and the dental cavity line can be divided into two parts by the tangent line.
  • the lingual dividing line and the labial and buccal cutting line are respectively generated using an alpha shape method.
  • the teeth can be sorted in one direction along the dental arch, and three adjacent teeth can be used as a group in this order to generate an alpha based on the lingual part of the cavity line using an alpha shape method. shape, and generate the first lingual cutting line based on the alpha shape, and then use the same method to generate the third lingual cutting line connected to the first lingual cutting line based on the lingual part of the cavity line of the next group of teeth. Two sections of lingual cutting line were made until a complete lingual cutting line was obtained. The labial and buccal cutting lines are also generated in the same way, and the direction of the tooth arrangement can be the same or opposite to the lingual cutting line. Finally, the generated lingual cutting line and the labial and buccal cutting line are connected to obtain a complete cutting line. Only the process of generating a cutting line on one side is explained in detail below.
  • the front tooth and its two subsequent teeth are taken as a group, and the second projection plane is obtained by fitting based on the points on the same side (lingual side or labial side) of their cavity lines, and These points are projected onto this second projection plane.
  • the alpha value can choose the minimum alpha radius that can generate an alpha shape that surrounds all points. After extensive testing, the inventor of the present application found that the cutting line generated based on this alpha value has a better effect. If there is no edge between the projection points of the anterior teeth and their subsequent teeth, then the alpha value can be increased until the condition is met.
  • FIG. 4A schematically illustrates the projected alpha shape of the lingual portion of the cavity line of a group of three teeth in an example.
  • the point set 201 is the projection of the points on the lingual side of the cavity line of the current tooth in the alpha shape
  • the point set 203 is the point of the lingual side part of the cavity line of the first tooth after the current tooth in the alpha shape
  • the point set 205 is the projection of the points on the lingual side of the cavity line of the second tooth behind the front tooth in the alpha shape.
  • the Delaunay Triangle can be selected For such an edge 207 in the triangle, its first endpoint 209 is the projection point of the anterior teeth, and its second endpoint 211 is the projection point of the subsequent teeth. Among all the sides that meet the above conditions, the direction from the anterior teeth to the subsequent teeth , whose first endpoint 209 has the smallest index among the projection points of the current teeth.
  • the second endpoint 211 is located above the projection of the cavity line of the second tooth after the front tooth. If the position of the first tooth after the front tooth is Normally, then the second endpoint will be on the projection of the cavity line of the first tooth behind the front tooth.
  • the Drone triangle is generated during the calculation of alpha, and the specific process will not be described again.
  • FIG. 4B schematically illustrates a circular arc 213 with a radius of alpha that passes through the first endpoint 209 and the second endpoint 211 and is concave in the direction of the point set 203 .
  • the sampling point set is projected onto the first three-dimensional digital model to obtain interpolation points.
  • the vertex on the dental cavity line corresponding to the second endpoint 211, the interpolation point and the vertex on the dental cavity line corresponding to the projection point before the first endpoint 209 in the alpha shape of the current tooth are used as a section of the cutting line point. That is to say, the dental cavity line corresponding to the point set 203 and the dental cavity line corresponding to the points after the first end point 209 of the point set 201 are not used as cutting lines.
  • the cavity line on one side (lingual or buccal side) of a group of three teeth has been processed. Then, the cavity line on the same side of the next group of three teeth can be processed.
  • the second tooth after the current tooth in the current group is used as the next group of teeth. Take the front teeth and use the point on the cavity line corresponding to point 211 as the starting point. Repeat the above operation until the cavity lines on that side of all teeth are processed and the complete cutting line on that side is obtained. If there are only two teeth left in the last set of teeth, then the cavity line on that side based on the remaining teeth Process in the same way. If there is only one tooth left in the last group of teeth, the corresponding part of the cavity line on the corresponding side of the tooth will be used as the last section of the cutting line on that side.
  • the second endpoint of the selected side is located on the first tooth after the current tooth, then the first tooth after the current tooth of the current group is regarded as the current tooth of the next group of teeth, and The point on the dental cavity line corresponding to the second endpoint is used as the starting point.
  • post-processing such as smoothing and cubic spline interpolation can be performed on the obtained cutting line to make it smoother.
  • FIG. 5A schematically illustrates a cutting line generated using a traditional method based on the three-dimensional digital model of the male mold shown in the figure.
  • FIG. 5B schematically shows the cutting line generated by the method of the present application based on the three-dimensional digital model of the same male mold shown in FIG. 5A.
  • the cutting line produced by the method of the present application is significantly gentler than the cutting line produced by the traditional method in the part of the misaligned teeth, thereby being able to overcome the problems of the existing method. shortcomings.
  • a point set is equivalent to a line.
  • a dental cavity line is formed by connecting vertices on a three-dimensional digital model. The set of these vertices is equivalent to a dental cavity line. In such a case, it can A set of points is called a line corresponding to it, or vice versa.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

一种计算机执行的产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法,包括:获取表示阳模的第一三维数字模型;将第一三维数字模型各牙齿的牙洞线分为舌侧部分和唇颊侧部分;以及自第一三维数字模型的一端至另一端,以三颗依次邻接的牙齿为一组,利用alpha形状方法,基于牙洞线的舌侧部分和唇颊侧部分分别产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的舌侧部分和唇颊侧部分。

Description

产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法 技术领域
本申请总体上涉及产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法。
背景技术
由于在美观、便捷以及卫生等方面的优势,以高分子材料制作的壳状牙科器械,例如,牙齿矫治器以及保持器等,越来越受欢迎。壳状牙科器械为一体的壳,形成容纳牙齿的空腔。
一种常用的壳状牙科器械的制作方法是通过施加正压力或负压力把经加热的高分子膜片材料在牙齿正模型上压膜形成对应的负模型,接着把该负模型多余的部分裁剪去除得到对应的壳状牙科器械。
在对负模型进行切割之前,需要先确定切割线,即切割路径。现有的确定切割线的方法是根据牙齿的顺序,依次连接牙齿正模型的三维数字模型上各牙齿的牙洞线,然后,基于该连接形成的曲线,拟合得到壳状牙科器械的切割线。
然而,若存在严重错位的牙齿,这样产生的切割线在错位牙区域可能形成较大程度的内凹,这可能导致切割时发生干涉。
鉴于以上,有必要提供一种新的产生产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法。
发明内容
本申请的一方面提供了一种计算机执行的产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法,它包括:获取表示阳模的第一三维数字模型;将所述第一三维数字模型各牙齿的牙洞线分为舌侧部分和唇颊侧部分;自所述第一三维数字模型的一端至另一 端,以三颗依次邻接的牙齿为一组,基于所述牙洞线的舌侧部分和唇颊侧部分分别产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的舌侧部分和唇颊侧部分,其中,基于一组牙齿第一侧的牙洞线产生一段第一侧切割线包括以下操作:将当前组牙齿第一侧的牙洞线上的点投影至第一平面得到第一投影点集;基于所述第一投影点集产生alpha形状;在所述alpha形状中选出一条边,它的第一端点和第二端点分别是所述第一投影点集中当前牙的投影点和当前牙的后继牙的投影点,并且在满足该条件的边中,它的第一端点在所述第一投影点集中属于当前牙的投影点中沿当前牙至后继牙方向索引最小;过所述第一端点和第二端点,以alpha半径作朝与所述第一侧相对的第二侧凹的圆弧,在该圆弧上采样得到采样点集,并将该采样点集投影至所述第一三维模型上得到第二投影点集;以所述alpha形状中自所述第一端点之前属于当前牙的投影点所对应的牙洞线上的点和所述第二投影点集构建一段切割线,其中,下一组牙齿以所述第二端点所在牙齿为当前牙,并且以所述第二端点所对应的牙洞线上的点为起点,所述第一侧是舌侧和唇颊侧之一,所述第二侧是舌侧和唇颊侧的另一。
在一些实施方式中,所述阳模是用于以热压膜成型工艺在其上形成壳状牙科器械。
在一些实施方式中,所述选中的边是德罗内三角形的边。
在一些实施方式中,所述第一平面是基于所述当前组牙齿第一侧的牙洞线拟合得到。
在一些实施方式中,所述alpha形状的alpha值是能够生成一个包围所有点的alpha形状的最小alpha半径。
在一些实施方式中,所述的计算机执行的产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法还包括:对生成的完整的切割线进行光顺和三次样条插值,得到最终的切割线。
在一些实施方式中,所述的计算机执行的产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法它还包括:将所述第一三维数字模型的所有牙齿的牙洞线投影至第二平面;以及对于每一牙洞线在所述第二平面的投影,以其质心与邻牙牙洞线在所述第二平面 的投影的质心的连线将其为两部分,并基于这两部分各自的质心与所有牙洞线在所述第二平面的投影的质心的距离,确定这两部分哪一部分为舌侧部分,哪一部分为唇颊侧部分。
在一些实施方式中,所述第二平面是基于所述第一三维数字模型的所有牙齿的牙洞线拟合得到。
本申请的又一方面提供了一种用于产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的计算机系统,它包括处理器和存储装置,所述存储装置存储有用于产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的计算机程序,当其被所述处理器运行后,所述处理器将执行所述产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法。
附图说明
以下将结合附图及其详细描述对本申请的上述及其他特征作进一步说明。应当理解的是,这些附图仅示出了根据本申请的若干示例性的实施方式,因此不应被视为是对本申请保护范围的限制。除非特别指出,附图不必是成比例的,并且其中类似的标号表示类似的部件。
图1为本申请一个实施例中的产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法的示意性流程图;
图2示意性地展示了本申请一个例子中的阳模的三维数字模型;
图3示意性地展示了如何确定牙洞线的舌侧部分和唇颊侧部分;
图4A示意性地展示了一个例子中一组三颗牙齿的牙洞线的舌侧部分的投影的alpha形状。;
图4B示意性地展示了以alpha为半径过图4A所示选中边的第一端点和第二端点所作的往当前牙之后第一颗牙齿方向凹的圆弧;
图5A示意性地展示了一个例子中以传统的方法所产生的切割线;以及
图5B示意性地展示了以本申请的方法基于和图5A所示的阳模的三维数字模型所产生的切割线。
具体实施方式
以下的详细描述中引用了构成本说明书一部分的附图。说明书和附图所提及的示意性实施方式仅仅是出于说明性之目的,并非意图限制本申请的保护范围。在本申请的启示下,本领域技术人员能够理解,可以采用许多其他的实施方式,并且可以对所描述实施方式做出各种改变,而不背离本申请的主旨和保护范围。应当理解的是,在此说明并图示的本申请的各个方面可以按照很多不同的配置来布置、替换、组合、分离和设计,这些不同配置都在本申请的保护范围之内。
本申请的一方面提供了一种计算机执行的产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法,采用了alpha形状(alpha shape)方法产生壳状牙科器械的切割线,改善了切割时发生干涉的问题。
本申请的又一方面提供了一种用于产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的计算机系统,它包括处理器和存储装置,所述存储装置存储有用于产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的计算机程序,当其被所述处理器运行后,将执行所述产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法。
请参图1,为本申请一个实施例中的计算机执行的产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法100的示意性流程图。
在101中,获取表示阳模的第一三维数字模型。
阳模是用于压膜形成壳状牙科器械的实体模型,通常,它包括多颗牙齿、至少部分牙龈以及底座(为阳模提供足够的高度)。
所述第一三维数字模型是基于表示处于对应牙齿布局的牙齿的三维数字模 型而产生。在一个实施例中,所述第一三维数字模型的牙齿部分可以与所述表示处于对应牙齿布局的牙齿的三维数字模型一致。在又一实施例中,所述第一三维数字模型的牙齿部分可以通过对所述表示处于对应牙齿布局的牙齿的三维数字模型进行修改而获得,这样的修改包括但不限于在选定牙齿的选定位置添加附件。产生表示阳模的三维数字模型的方法为业界所习知,不再赘述。
请参图2,示意性地展示了本申请一个例子中的阳模的三维数字模型。
在103中,将所述第一三维数字模型的各牙齿的牙洞线分为唇颊侧和舌侧两部分。
牙洞线是牙冠与牙龈的边界线。
在一个实施例中,可以采用以下方法把各牙齿的牙洞线分为唇颊侧和舌侧两部分。
首先,基于所有牙齿的牙洞线上的顶点拟合得到第一投影平面,并将所有牙洞线的顶点投影至该第一投影平面。在一个实施例中,三维数字模型采用三角网格模型,相应地,牙洞线是由多个三角网格的顶点连接形成。
接着,对于每一牙洞线的投影,计算得到其质心。对于所有牙洞线的投影,计算得到总的质心C。
对于非末端牙,将其牙洞线投影的质心分别与两侧邻牙的牙洞线投影的质心进行连线,以这两条连线将其牙洞线的投影分为两部分A和B。接着,计算得到这两个部分A和B各自的质心CA和CB。连接C和CA得到线段LA,连接C和CB得到线段LB。将LA和LB中较短的一条所对应的牙洞线部分作为舌侧部分,较长的一条所对应的牙洞线部分作为唇颊侧部分。请参图3,示意性地展示了如何确定牙洞线的舌侧部分和唇颊侧部分。
对于末端牙,可以将其牙洞线投影的质心与一侧邻牙的牙洞线投影的质心进行连线,并以该连线为分界,将其牙洞线的顶点从该连线的一侧到另一侧进行排序,以该序列的中点和所述连线为界将其牙洞线分为两部分。确定舌侧部分和唇 颊侧部分的方法与非末端牙相同。
在本申请的启示下,可以理解,除了以上方法之外,也可以采用任何其他适用的方法将各牙齿的牙洞线分为舌侧部分和唇颊侧部分。例如,第一投影平面可以采用咬合面而非拟合得到的平面。又例如,可以过一牙洞线的质心作牙弓曲线的切线,以该切线将该牙洞线分为两部分。
在105中,基于所述牙洞线的舌侧部分和唇颊侧部分,以alpha形状方法分别产生舌侧分割线和唇颊侧切割线。
在一个实施例中,可以将牙齿沿牙弓按一个方向进行排序,并按该顺序以三颗邻接的牙为一组,以alpha形状方法,基于所述牙洞线的舌侧部分,生成alpha形状,并基于该alpha形状生成第一段舌侧切割线,接着,基于下一组牙齿的牙洞线的舌侧部分以相同的方法生成与所述第一段舌侧切割线相接的第二段舌侧切割线,直至获得完整的舌侧切割线。唇颊侧切割线也是以相同的方法产生,牙齿排序的方向可以与舌侧切割线相同或相反。最后,将生成的舌侧切割线和唇颊侧切割线连接获得完整的切割线。以下仅对生成一侧切割线的过程进行具体说明。
在一个实施例中,以当前牙和其后续的两颗牙为一组,基于它们的牙洞线的同侧部分的点(舌侧或唇颊侧)拟合得到第二投影平面,并将这些点投影至该第二投影平面。
接着,对所述投影点建立二维的alpha形状。其中,alpha值可以选择能够生成一个包围所有点的alpha形状的最小alpha半径。本申请的发明人经过大量测试后发现基于该alpha值所产生的切割线效果较好。若当前牙和其后续牙的投影点之间无边,那么,可以增大alpha值,直至满足条件。
请参图4A,其示意性地展示了一个例子中一组三颗牙齿的牙洞线的舌侧部分的投影的alpha形状。其中,点集201为该alpha形状中当前牙的牙洞线的舌侧部分的点的投影,点集203为该alpha形状中当前牙之后第一颗牙的牙洞线的舌侧部分的点的投影,点集205为该alpha形状中当前牙之后第二颗牙的牙洞线的舌侧部分的点的投影。
由图4A可以看出,点集203所对应的牙齿是错位较为严重的牙齿,为了避免所产生的切割线在该部分内凹严重,在一个实施例中,可以选择德罗内(Delaunay Triangle)三角形中的这样一条边207,它的第一端点209是当前牙的投影点,第二端点211是后续牙的投影点,在满足以上条件的所有的边中,自当前牙至后续牙方向,其第一端点209在当前牙的投影点中索引最小。在该例子中,由于当前牙之后的第一颗牙偏离严重,因此,第二端点211位于当前牙之后第二颗牙的牙洞线的投影之上,若当前牙之后的第一颗牙位置正常,那么,第二端点将位于当前牙之后第一颗牙的牙洞线的投影之上。德罗内三角形是在计算alpha的过程中产生,具体过程不再赘述。
接着,以alpha为半径过第一端点209和第二端点211作往点集203方向凹的圆弧(即往另一侧牙洞线方向凹的圆弧),并在该圆弧上采样获得采样点集。请参图4B,其示意性地展示了以alpha为半径过第一端点209和第二端点211作往点集203方向凹的圆弧213。然后,将所述采样点集投影到所述第一三维数字模型上,得到插值点。将第二端点211所对应的牙洞线上的顶点、所述插值点以及当前牙的alpha形状中自第一端点209之前的投影点所对应的牙洞线上的顶点作为一段切割线上的点。也就是说,点集203所对应的一段牙洞线以及点集201自第一端点209之后的点所对应的牙洞线没有被作为切割线。
在该例子中,由于当前牙之后的第一颗牙偏离严重,若把利用alpha形状方法筛选出的该牙齿牙洞线上的点集作为切割线的一段,那么,这样形成的切割线在该部分就会形成严重内凹。这也是为何以三颗牙齿为一组对牙洞线进行处理的原因。
至此,一组三颗牙齿一侧(舌侧或唇颊侧)的牙洞线处理完毕,接着,可以处理下一组三颗牙齿的同侧牙洞线。在以上的例子中,由于以alpha形状方法筛选出的错位较严重的牙齿的牙洞线的一段未被作为切割线,因此,把当前组的当前牙之后第二颗牙齿作为下一组牙齿的当前牙,并以点211所对应的牙洞线上的点作为起点,重复以上操作,直至处理完所有牙齿该侧的牙洞线,获得该侧完整的切割线。若最后一组牙齿仅剩两颗牙齿,那么,基于所剩牙齿的该侧的牙洞线 以相同的方法进行处理。若最后一组牙齿仅剩一颗牙齿,则将该牙齿对应一侧的牙洞线的对应部分作为该侧切割线的最后一段。
可以理解,若所述被选中的边的第二端点位于当前牙之后第一颗牙齿之上,那么,把当前组的当前牙之后的第一颗牙齿作为下一组牙齿的当前牙,并以该第二端点所对应的牙洞线上的点作为起点。
处理完所有牙齿一侧的牙洞线之后,就得到了所述阳模该侧完整的切割线。接着,处理其一侧的牙洞线,得到所述阳模另一侧的切割线,至此,获得所述阳模的完整的切割线。
在一个实施例中,可以对获得的切割线进行光顺和三次样条插值等后处理,使其更加光滑。
请参图5A,示意性地展示了利用传统的方法基于图中所示阳模的三维数字模型所产生的切割线。请再参图5B,示意性地展示了利用本申请的方法基于和图5A所示的同一阳模的三维数字模型所产生的切割线。相比之下,存在严重错位牙的情况下,利用本申请的方法所产生的切割线在错位牙的部分显著地比利用传统的方法所产生的切割线平缓,从而能够克服现有方法所存在的不足。
可以理解,在本申请中的很多情景下,点集等同于线,例如,牙洞线是三维数字模型上的顶点连接形成,这些顶点的集合等同于牙洞线,在这样的情况下,可以将一个点集称为与之对应的线,或反之。
尽管在此公开了本申请的多个方面和实施例,但在本申请的启发下,本申请的其他方面和实施例对于本领域技术人员而言也是显而易见的。在此公开的各个方面和实施例仅用于说明目的,而非限制目的。本申请的保护范围和主旨仅通过后附的权利要求书来确定。
同样,各个图表可以示出所公开的方法和系统的示例性架构或其他配置,其有助于理解可包含在所公开的方法和系统中的特征和功能。要求保护的内容并不限于所示的示例性架构或配置,而所希望的特征可以用各种替代架构和配置来实 现。除此之外,对于流程图、功能性描述和方法权利要求,这里所给出的方框顺序不应限于以同样的顺序实施以执行所述功能的各种实施例,除非在上下文中明确指出。
除非另外明确指出,本文中所使用的术语和短语及其变体均应解释为开放式的,而不是限制性的。在一些实例中,诸如“一个或多个”、“至少”、“但不限于”这样的扩展性词汇和短语或者其他类似用语的出现不应理解为在可能没有这种扩展性用语的示例中意图或者需要表示缩窄的情况。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种计算机执行的产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法,包括:
    获取表示阳模的第一三维数字模型;
    将所述第一三维数字模型各牙齿的牙洞线分为舌侧部分和唇颊侧部分;
    自所述第一三维数字模型的一端至另一端,以三颗依次邻接的牙齿为一组,基于所述牙洞线的舌侧部分和唇颊侧部分分别产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的舌侧部分和唇颊侧部分,其中,基于一组牙齿第一侧的牙洞线产生一段第一侧切割线包括以下操作:
    将当前组牙齿第一侧的牙洞线上的点投影至第一平面得到第一投影点集;
    基于所述第一投影点集产生alpha形状;
    在所述alpha形状中选出一条边,它的第一端点和第二端点分别是所述第一投影点集中当前牙的投影点和当前牙的后继牙的投影点,并且在满足该条件的边中,它的第一端点在所述第一投影点集中属于当前牙的投影点中沿当前牙至后继牙方向索引最小;
    过所述第一端点和第二端点,以alpha半径作朝与所述第一侧相对的第二侧凹的圆弧,在该圆弧上采样得到采样点集,并将该采样点集投影至所述第一三维模型上得到第二投影点集;
    以所述alpha形状中自所述第一端点之前属于当前牙的投影点所对应的牙洞线上的点和所述第二投影点集构建一段切割线,
    其中,下一组牙齿以所述第二端点所在牙齿为当前牙,并且以所述第二端点所对应的牙洞线上的点为起点,所述第一侧是舌侧和唇颊侧之一,所述第二侧是舌侧和唇颊侧的另一。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的计算机执行的产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法,其特征在于,所述阳模是用于以热压膜成型工艺在其上形成壳状牙科器械。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的计算机执行的产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法,其特征在于,所述选中的边是德罗内三角形的边。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的计算机执行的产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法,其特征在于,所述第一平面是基于所述当前组牙齿第一侧的牙洞线拟合得到。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的计算机执行的产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法,其特征在于,所述alpha形状的alpha值是能够生成一个包围所有点的alpha形状的最小alpha半径。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的计算机执行的产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法,其特征在于,它还包括:对生成的完整的切割线进行光顺和三次样条插值,得到最终的切割线。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的计算机执行的产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法,其特征在于,它还包括:
    将所述第一三维数字模型的所有牙齿的牙洞线投影至第二平面;以及
    对于每一牙洞线在所述第二平面的投影,以其质心与邻牙牙洞线在所述第二平面的投影的质心的连线将其为两部分,并基于这两部分各自的质心与所有牙洞线在所述第二平面的投影的质心的距离,确定这两部分哪一部分为舌侧部分,哪一部分为唇颊侧部分。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的计算机执行的产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法,其特征在于,所述第二平面是基于所述第一三维数字模型的所有牙齿的牙洞线拟合得到。
  9. 一种用于产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的计算机系统,它包括处理器和存储装置,所述存储装置存储有用于产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的计算机程序,当其被所述处理器运行后,所述处理器将执行如权利要求1所述的产生壳状牙科器械的切割线的方法。
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